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• 1. [Article] Market Channels & Small-Scale Farmers in the Southern Willamette Valley

  Examining committee: Michael Hibbard, chair, Thomas Osdoba

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Market Channels & Small-Scale Farmers in the Southern Willamette Valley Author: Malone, Erin Year: 2011 Examining committee: Michael Hibbard, chair, Thomas Osdoba Title: Market Channels & Small-Scale Farmers in the Southern Willamette Valley Author: Malone, Erin Year: 2011 Examining committee: Michael Hibbard, chair, Thomas Osdoba Close

• 2. [Article] Trends in the integration of cooperative dairy products marketing channels in the Pacific Northwest

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trends in the integration of cooperative dairy products marketing channels in the Pacific Northwest Author: Hoobler, Sharon Quinten Title: Trends in the integration of cooperative dairy products marketing channels in the Pacific Northwest Author: Hoobler, Sharon Quinten Close

• 3. [Article] Margins in Fish Trade and Need for Cooperative Marketing in India

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Margins in Fish Trade and Need for Cooperative Marketing in India Author: Jino, S. Satheesh Research Paper Title: Margins in Fish Trade and Need for Cooperative Marketing in India Author: Jino, S. Satheesh Research Paper Close

• 4. [Article] Prospects on Brazilian Aquaculture and Tilapias Sector

  presentation

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Prospects on Brazilian Aquaculture and Tilapias Sector Author: Barroso, Renata presentation Title: Prospects on Brazilian Aquaculture and Tilapias Sector Author: Barroso, Renata presentation Close

• 5. [Article] Strategies for Market Inclusion of Small Scale Fish Farmers of the Tocantins State / Brazil

  presentation

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Strategies for Market Inclusion of Small Scale Fish Farmers of the Tocantins State / Brazil Author: Barroso, Renata, Prysthon, Adriano, Pedroza, Manoel, M. V. Flores, Roberto presentation Title: Strategies for Market Inclusion of Small Scale Fish Farmers of the Tocantins State / Brazil Author: Barroso, Renata, Prysthon, Adriano, Pedroza, Manoel, M. V. Flores, Roberto presentation Close

• 6. [Article] Transformations of the Retail Fish Market in Brazil and its Impacts on Small-Scale Fish Farming

  presentation

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Transformations of the Retail Fish Market in Brazil and its Impacts on Small-Scale Fish Farming Author: Barroso, Renata, Pedroza, Manoel, M. V. Flores, Roberto presentation Title: Transformations of the Retail Fish Market in Brazil and its Impacts on Small-Scale Fish Farming Author: Barroso, Renata, Pedroza, Manoel, M. V. Flores, Roberto presentation Close

• 7. [Image] Construction of a starch glucose converter plant at Hatfield, California

  	KP-1198-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. The Klamath Project produces such an abundance of potatoes that at times the market could become glutted if they were allowed to enter normal marketing channels. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Construction of a starch glucose converter plant at Hatfield, California Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1946, 2006, 2005 KP-1198-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. The Klamath Project produces such an abundance of potatoes that at times the market could become glutted if they were allowed to enter normal marketing channels. Therefore, it becomes necessary to find other uses for this abundance. This starch drier is part of a starch glucose converter plant being constructed at Hatfield, California near the Oregon State Line. This machinery was shipped from Laurel, Miss., where it was used for the conversion of starch from sweet potatoes. This machinery is part of a surplus government plant which was purchased by local interests; June 25, 1946; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Title: Construction of a starch glucose converter plant at Hatfield, California Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1946, 2006, 2005 KP-1198-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. The Klamath Project produces such an abundance of potatoes that at times the market could become glutted if they were allowed to enter normal marketing channels. Therefore, it becomes necessary to find other uses for this abundance. This starch drier is part of a starch glucose converter plant being constructed at Hatfield, California near the Oregon State Line. This machinery was shipped from Laurel, Miss., where it was used for the conversion of starch from sweet potatoes. This machinery is part of a surplus government plant which was purchased by local interests; June 25, 1946; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Close

• 8. [Article] Measuring the Role of Women in Fisheries: A Case from Tambak Lorok, Central Jawa, Indonesia

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Measuring the Role of Women in Fisheries: A Case from Tambak Lorok, Central Jawa, Indonesia Author: Adhuri, Dedi Supriadi, Izzaturrahim, Zahrah, Waluti, Regy, Rahayuwati Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Measuring the Role of Women in Fisheries: A Case from Tambak Lorok, Central Jawa, Indonesia Author: Adhuri, Dedi Supriadi, Izzaturrahim, Zahrah, Waluti, Regy, Rahayuwati Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 9. [Article] Value Chain of Snakehead Fish in the Lower Mekong Basin of Cambodia and Vietnam

  This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Value Chain of Snakehead Fish in the Lower Mekong Basin of Cambodia and Vietnam Author: Navy, Hap, Sinh, Le Xuan, Pomeroy, Robert S. This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/). Title: Value Chain of Snakehead Fish in the Lower Mekong Basin of Cambodia and Vietnam Author: Navy, Hap, Sinh, Le Xuan, Pomeroy, Robert S. This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/). Close

• 10. [Article] Accessibility of Aquaculture Products in Thailand

  The paper first reviews the aquaculture sector in Thailand and focuses on the development of freshwater fish. The government has promoted freshwater fish culture mainly to supply domestically. The development ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Accessibility of Aquaculture Products in Thailand Author: Piumsombun, Somying Year: 2001 The paper first reviews the aquaculture sector in Thailand and focuses on the development of freshwater fish. The government has promoted freshwater fish culture mainly to supply domestically. The development policies that influence markets and access have been stated. It then highlights fish consumption by region. As a result of increased demand for freshwater fish, marketing plays an increasing vital role and is left in the hand of private sector. Marketing practices including market structure, marketing channel and marketing margins are analyzed and discussed. It is found that the private assembly markets as well as the retail outlets have been developed significantly to serve the increase in both the supply and the demand of cultured freshwater fish. Marketing margin varies among species. Obstacles to market access is not observed apparently. The shift in production centers close to the big consuming center with high purchasing power in the past two decades may benefit some group of consumer. However, the consumer in other regions can access to freshwater fish through the effective and efficient marketing system. The paper concludes with the discussion and analyzes of future domestic market potential in view of existing and evolving consumption pattern and marketing development, and measures required to realize the potential. Title: Accessibility of Aquaculture Products in Thailand Author: Piumsombun, Somying Year: 2001 The paper first reviews the aquaculture sector in Thailand and focuses on the development of freshwater fish. The government has promoted freshwater fish culture mainly to supply domestically. The development policies that influence markets and access have been stated. It then highlights fish consumption by region. As a result of increased demand for freshwater fish, marketing plays an increasing vital role and is left in the hand of private sector. Marketing practices including market structure, marketing channel and marketing margins are analyzed and discussed. It is found that the private assembly markets as well as the retail outlets have been developed significantly to serve the increase in both the supply and the demand of cultured freshwater fish. Marketing margin varies among species. Obstacles to market access is not observed apparently. The shift in production centers close to the big consuming center with high purchasing power in the past two decades may benefit some group of consumer. However, the consumer in other regions can access to freshwater fish through the effective and efficient marketing system. The paper concludes with the discussion and analyzes of future domestic market potential in view of existing and evolving consumption pattern and marketing development, and measures required to realize the potential. Close

• 11. [Article] Contribution of Lake Victoria Dagaa Fishery in East and Central African Fish Trade

  This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Contribution of Lake Victoria Dagaa Fishery in East and Central African Fish Trade Author: Mlaponi, Enock, Salehe, Mwanahamis, Onyango, Paul O., Mrosso, Hilary D.J. This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/). Title: Contribution of Lake Victoria Dagaa Fishery in East and Central African Fish Trade Author: Mlaponi, Enock, Salehe, Mwanahamis, Onyango, Paul O., Mrosso, Hilary D.J. This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/). Close

• 12. [Article] Legal regional fish trade in the Horn of Africa: experience from a FAO-IGAD project

  Abstract only

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Legal regional fish trade in the Horn of Africa: experience from a FAO-IGAD project Author: Dejen, Eshete Abstract only Title: Legal regional fish trade in the Horn of Africa: experience from a FAO-IGAD project Author: Dejen, Eshete Abstract only Close

• 13. [Article] Evolution of the International Regulatory Framework Governing International Trade in Fishery Products

  A large share of world production of aquatic animals of around 120 million tons per year enters international marketing channels. Since more than 90% of this trade consists of processed products in one ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evolution of the International Regulatory Framework Governing International Trade in Fishery Products Author: Ruckes, E. Year: 2001 A large share of world production of aquatic animals of around 120 million tons per year enters international marketing channels. Since more than 90% of this trade consists of processed products in one form or other and in general represents products from the higher value segments, a comparison on a quantitative basis such as live weight equivalent is not meaningful. The increase of total world trade in products from fisheries and aquaculture from about US$ 8 000 million in 1976 to over US$ 50 000 million in 1998 is very impressive and since 1993 a variable, but more or less equal sharing between developed and developing countries can be noticed. The economic benefit of trade in fishery products for developing countries may be illustrated further by the net exports achieved by them. With over US$ 16 000 million they are higher than for meat, tea, bananas and coffee together. However, there is a distinct difference with regard to countries of origin and countries of destination. OECD countries are the principal destination of trade and only 15% go to developing countries. (As already indicated, the origin of exports is split between developed and developing countries). Title: Evolution of the International Regulatory Framework Governing International Trade in Fishery Products Author: Ruckes, E. Year: 2001 A large share of world production of aquatic animals of around 120 million tons per year enters international marketing channels. Since more than 90% of this trade consists of processed products in one form or other and in general represents products from the higher value segments, a comparison on a quantitative basis such as live weight equivalent is not meaningful. The increase of total world trade in products from fisheries and aquaculture from about US$ 8 000 million in 1976 to over US$ 50 000 million in 1998 is very impressive and since 1993 a variable, but more or less equal sharing between developed and developing countries can be noticed. The economic benefit of trade in fishery products for developing countries may be illustrated further by the net exports achieved by them. With over US$ 16 000 million they are higher than for meat, tea, bananas and coffee together. However, there is a distinct difference with regard to countries of origin and countries of destination. OECD countries are the principal destination of trade and only 15% go to developing countries. (As already indicated, the origin of exports is split between developed and developing countries). Close

• 14. [Article] Fish Market and Marketing Issues in Bangladesh

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish Market and Marketing Issues in Bangladesh Author: Chowdhury, Masudul Hoq Research Paper Title: Fish Market and Marketing Issues in Bangladesh Author: Chowdhury, Masudul Hoq Research Paper Close

• 15. [Article] Working relations and marketing channels in the seafood industry: a multi-sector analysis

  With indications that fisheries production has plateued at a global capacity of 85 million metric tons in the 1990's, further exploitation of marine stocks on a sustainable basis is unrealistic. Economic ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Working relations and marketing channels in the seafood industry: a multi-sector analysis Author: Anderson, Finlay With indications that fisheries production has plateued at a global capacity of 85 million metric tons in the 1990's, further exploitation of marine stocks on a sustainable basis is unrealistic. Economic development of coastal and regional economies will benefit from new approaches to maximizing benefits from harvested products that include adding value through additional processing, improving product characteristics, and improving marketing efforts. Each of these strategies require improved working relationships between captureharvest/aquaculture, processing, and marketing sectors. This presents an organizational challenge for a culture that has traditionally valued independence and does not have a successful history of joint marketing efforts. New models for organizational development of the seafood industry must ultimately be identified with greater levels of goal achievement of industry participants A model of factors affecting industry working relationships and goal realization was developed to clarify what elements of inustry's task environment could constrain the development of better working relationships. The model proposed that uncertainty and organizational involvement were key elements of working relationship and goal realization. These factors could also be tied to the amount of conflict between channel partners and have an impact on the length of a firm's planning horizon. Satisfaction with working relationships and goal realization among capture-harvesters, aquaculturists, and first buyers were tested using data gathered from a mail survey instrument. The response rate was relatively low, under 25% for all sectors. This limited our capabilities to to make inferences for the entire U.S. seafood industry. Incremental modeling of the full model through covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANGOVA) supports hypotheses that the degree to which a firm is invovled in multiple sectors is a significant factor in determining levels of goal realization, uncertainty, and conflict behavior. Regression analysis was supportive of the hypothesis that a firm's planning horizon would be inversely proportional to a firm's uncertainty, and that differences in perceptions of uncertainty exist between sectors. Testing using MANGO VA also supported the notion that different sectors in the seafood industry would percieve different levels of conflict behavior, and that there would be differences in their satisfaction with working relationships. Generally, these sectoral differences indicate that aquaculturists are not as challenged by uncertainty, conflict, and work relationships as capture-harvesters. Tests using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) supports the hypothesis that working relationships and goal realization are associated and suggested several dimmensions along which canonical variate pairs were correlated. Development of marketing channels in the seafood industry are constrained by uncertainty and psychocultural characteristics of individuals that promote independence as an adaptive behavior. Changing conditions in the task environment of small scale operators suggest that new ways of working together will be more productive in the future. An important role exists for fisheries managers and regional governments in removing of the constraints to relationship marketing that currently exists. Title: Working relations and marketing channels in the seafood industry: a multi-sector analysis Author: Anderson, Finlay With indications that fisheries production has plateued at a global capacity of 85 million metric tons in the 1990's, further exploitation of marine stocks on a sustainable basis is unrealistic. Economic development of coastal and regional economies will benefit from new approaches to maximizing benefits from harvested products that include adding value through additional processing, improving product characteristics, and improving marketing efforts. Each of these strategies require improved working relationships between captureharvest/aquaculture, processing, and marketing sectors. This presents an organizational challenge for a culture that has traditionally valued independence and does not have a successful history of joint marketing efforts. New models for organizational development of the seafood industry must ultimately be identified with greater levels of goal achievement of industry participants A model of factors affecting industry working relationships and goal realization was developed to clarify what elements of inustry's task environment could constrain the development of better working relationships. The model proposed that uncertainty and organizational involvement were key elements of working relationship and goal realization. These factors could also be tied to the amount of conflict between channel partners and have an impact on the length of a firm's planning horizon. Satisfaction with working relationships and goal realization among capture-harvesters, aquaculturists, and first buyers were tested using data gathered from a mail survey instrument. The response rate was relatively low, under 25% for all sectors. This limited our capabilities to to make inferences for the entire U.S. seafood industry. Incremental modeling of the full model through covariance (ANCOVA) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANGOVA) supports hypotheses that the degree to which a firm is invovled in multiple sectors is a significant factor in determining levels of goal realization, uncertainty, and conflict behavior. Regression analysis was supportive of the hypothesis that a firm's planning horizon would be inversely proportional to a firm's uncertainty, and that differences in perceptions of uncertainty exist between sectors. Testing using MANGO VA also supported the notion that different sectors in the seafood industry would percieve different levels of conflict behavior, and that there would be differences in their satisfaction with working relationships. Generally, these sectoral differences indicate that aquaculturists are not as challenged by uncertainty, conflict, and work relationships as capture-harvesters. Tests using canonical correlation analysis (CCA) supports the hypothesis that working relationships and goal realization are associated and suggested several dimmensions along which canonical variate pairs were correlated. Development of marketing channels in the seafood industry are constrained by uncertainty and psychocultural characteristics of individuals that promote independence as an adaptive behavior. Changing conditions in the task environment of small scale operators suggest that new ways of working together will be more productive in the future. An important role exists for fisheries managers and regional governments in removing of the constraints to relationship marketing that currently exists. Close

• 16. [Article] Examining Agricultural Household Welfare through Output Marketing Choices and Land Market Efficiency : Evidence from Rural India

  Development research and policy aim to improve household welfare by improving access to assets and economic opportunities (Besley & Burgess 2000; Deininger et al. 2003). In rural and agrarian contexts, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Examining Agricultural Household Welfare through Output Marketing Choices and Land Market Efficiency : Evidence from Rural India Author: Dickson, Caleb Development research and policy aim to improve household welfare by improving access to assets and economic opportunities (Besley & Burgess 2000; Deininger et al. 2003). In rural and agrarian contexts, these goals may be achieved by well-functioning markets for outputs, inputs, off-farm work, and credit. The status of these markets impacts household welfare and resilience, as well as the equity and efficiency of resource use. Designing policies for improving household welfare requires an understanding of markets in rural areas. In particular, policymakers must understand how household and location characteristics impact household participation in markets and how participation impacts welfare. This dissertation contains three essays that address rural household welfare and the role of policy for Southern India. The first essay examines the selection and impact of agricultural marketing channels for farm households in rural villages of Andhra Pradesh, India. The evaluation of agricultural marketing channels in developing countries is becoming more relevant due to the growth of modern food retail (e.g. large grocery stores). This type of supply channel evolution is beginning in India as the supermarket, food processing, and food service sectors have grown rapidly in recent years. For the most part, this growth has not extended beyond the retail end of the supply channel: the traditional wholesale markets (also known as mandis) are still the most significant means for transferring food from rural to urban areas. As such, this paper analyzes current crop and milk marketing channels available to rural households in Andhra Pradesh. The goals of this analysis are to identify how household and location characteristics impact channel choice (ex-ante), if existing channels provide differential returns from one another, and which types of households benefit more or less within a channel (ex-post). The results indicate that household income is higher for households selling crops to brokers and selling milk to co-operatives. Moreover, channel choices and resulting impacts are affected by both transport and search costs. This analysis provides evidence that policy aimed at reducing transport and search costs directly associated with a channel can improve household welfare under current channel structures. Given the likely characteristics of emerging channels, similar policy is expected to improve farmer welfare in the future too. The second essay is an analysis of rural land leasing markets in multiple states across India. Land leasing markets are hypothesized to improve the efficiency of land allocation and provide welfare gains to participating households. However, in developing countries, these markets are commonly impacted by transactions costs, missing or incomplete non-land markets, and insecure property rights. This study assesses how Indian land markets perform in terms of equity and efficiency, identifies land market distortions, and examines how policy can address these distortions. Using a panel dataset of households from rural villages in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, this research contributes to previous work by developing conceptual and empirical analyses that are consistent with the specific structure of land leasing decisions in India and provide insights into functioning of land leasing markets. The results confirm that land markets improve factor ratios by transferring land from input-poor to input-rich smallholder households. However, land market functioning is found to be limited by the presence of transactions costs and missing or incomplete non-land markets. From a policy standpoint, the results suggest that, due to the linkages across markets (e.g. input markets), policies that promote rural market development are expected to have the greatest impact on land markets in the short run. The third essay continues to focus on land markets and, in particular, illustrates the role of land markets in household resilience. This study identifies household economic resilience as the ability of a household to avoid low values or loss of economic value in the presence of changing conditions over time. In much of the development literature, research aims to identify ways of improving the well-being of households in developing countries. Understanding resilience adds a new dimension to this by examining a household’s current state of well-being along with possible future states (better or worse) and what factors contribute to these. This is especially relevant for agricultural households that are subject to varying biophysical and economic conditions. Land markets can play a role in household resilience by allowing households to adjust their operated land area as conditions change. This type of adjustment can improve welfare by enabling households to pursue different activities (on or off-farm) with the goal of household income maximization. The relationship between land markets and resilience is examined empirically by predicting land market participation and resulting welfare outcomes under a variety of price and policy scenarios. The goal is to provide evidence that households use land markets to adjust to price changes and that policy addressing land market imperfections can increase that adjustment, in terms of land market participation and resulting welfare. This analysis utilizes estimates from econometric models of land leasing and household welfare, and it focuses on cereal price changes and a market development policy. The results support the hypothesis that land markets contribute to household resilience by enabling households to respond to changing conditions and improve their welfare. Moreover, the results indicate that policy aimed at land market distortions can further increase household resilience. Title: Examining Agricultural Household Welfare through Output Marketing Choices and Land Market Efficiency : Evidence from Rural India Author: Dickson, Caleb Development research and policy aim to improve household welfare by improving access to assets and economic opportunities (Besley & Burgess 2000; Deininger et al. 2003). In rural and agrarian contexts, these goals may be achieved by well-functioning markets for outputs, inputs, off-farm work, and credit. The status of these markets impacts household welfare and resilience, as well as the equity and efficiency of resource use. Designing policies for improving household welfare requires an understanding of markets in rural areas. In particular, policymakers must understand how household and location characteristics impact household participation in markets and how participation impacts welfare. This dissertation contains three essays that address rural household welfare and the role of policy for Southern India. The first essay examines the selection and impact of agricultural marketing channels for farm households in rural villages of Andhra Pradesh, India. The evaluation of agricultural marketing channels in developing countries is becoming more relevant due to the growth of modern food retail (e.g. large grocery stores). This type of supply channel evolution is beginning in India as the supermarket, food processing, and food service sectors have grown rapidly in recent years. For the most part, this growth has not extended beyond the retail end of the supply channel: the traditional wholesale markets (also known as mandis) are still the most significant means for transferring food from rural to urban areas. As such, this paper analyzes current crop and milk marketing channels available to rural households in Andhra Pradesh. The goals of this analysis are to identify how household and location characteristics impact channel choice (ex-ante), if existing channels provide differential returns from one another, and which types of households benefit more or less within a channel (ex-post). The results indicate that household income is higher for households selling crops to brokers and selling milk to co-operatives. Moreover, channel choices and resulting impacts are affected by both transport and search costs. This analysis provides evidence that policy aimed at reducing transport and search costs directly associated with a channel can improve household welfare under current channel structures. Given the likely characteristics of emerging channels, similar policy is expected to improve farmer welfare in the future too. The second essay is an analysis of rural land leasing markets in multiple states across India. Land leasing markets are hypothesized to improve the efficiency of land allocation and provide welfare gains to participating households. However, in developing countries, these markets are commonly impacted by transactions costs, missing or incomplete non-land markets, and insecure property rights. This study assesses how Indian land markets perform in terms of equity and efficiency, identifies land market distortions, and examines how policy can address these distortions. Using a panel dataset of households from rural villages in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, this research contributes to previous work by developing conceptual and empirical analyses that are consistent with the specific structure of land leasing decisions in India and provide insights into functioning of land leasing markets. The results confirm that land markets improve factor ratios by transferring land from input-poor to input-rich smallholder households. However, land market functioning is found to be limited by the presence of transactions costs and missing or incomplete non-land markets. From a policy standpoint, the results suggest that, due to the linkages across markets (e.g. input markets), policies that promote rural market development are expected to have the greatest impact on land markets in the short run. The third essay continues to focus on land markets and, in particular, illustrates the role of land markets in household resilience. This study identifies household economic resilience as the ability of a household to avoid low values or loss of economic value in the presence of changing conditions over time. In much of the development literature, research aims to identify ways of improving the well-being of households in developing countries. Understanding resilience adds a new dimension to this by examining a household’s current state of well-being along with possible future states (better or worse) and what factors contribute to these. This is especially relevant for agricultural households that are subject to varying biophysical and economic conditions. Land markets can play a role in household resilience by allowing households to adjust their operated land area as conditions change. This type of adjustment can improve welfare by enabling households to pursue different activities (on or off-farm) with the goal of household income maximization. The relationship between land markets and resilience is examined empirically by predicting land market participation and resulting welfare outcomes under a variety of price and policy scenarios. The goal is to provide evidence that households use land markets to adjust to price changes and that policy addressing land market imperfections can increase that adjustment, in terms of land market participation and resulting welfare. This analysis utilizes estimates from econometric models of land leasing and household welfare, and it focuses on cereal price changes and a market development policy. The results support the hypothesis that land markets contribute to household resilience by enabling households to respond to changing conditions and improve their welfare. Moreover, the results indicate that policy aimed at land market distortions can further increase household resilience. Close

• 17. [Article] Understanding the link between farmer's market size and management organization

  Published December 2007. Reviewed July 2017. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Understanding the link between farmer's market size and management organization Author: Lev, Larry, Brewer, Linda J., Stephenson, Garry Owen, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published December 2007. Reviewed July 2017. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Understanding the link between farmer's market size and management organization Author: Lev, Larry, Brewer, Linda J., Stephenson, Garry Owen, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published December 2007. Reviewed July 2017. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 18. [Article] Extending the Market Orientation Approach- The Case of Live Seafood

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Extending the Market Orientation Approach- The Case of Live Seafood Author: Nøstvold, Bjørg, Voldnes, Gøril Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Extending the Market Orientation Approach- The Case of Live Seafood Author: Nøstvold, Bjørg, Voldnes, Gøril Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 19. [Article] Marketing potential and barriers for fresh packed fish

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Marketing potential and barriers for fresh packed fish Author: Trondsen, Torbjorn Research Paper Title: Marketing potential and barriers for fresh packed fish Author: Trondsen, Torbjorn Research Paper Close

• 20. [Article] Adapting the Norwegian King Crab Management to Market Demands - Success or Failure?

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Adapting the Norwegian King Crab Management to Market Demands - Success or Failure? Author: Nøstvold, Bjørg, Kvalvik, Ingrid, Young, James A., Voldnes, Gøril Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Adapting the Norwegian King Crab Management to Market Demands - Success or Failure? Author: Nøstvold, Bjørg, Kvalvik, Ingrid, Young, James A., Voldnes, Gøril Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 21. [Article] Supply Disruptions Following Environmental Events: Implications for Molluscan Shellfish Growers and Processors

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Supply Disruptions Following Environmental Events: Implications for Molluscan Shellfish Growers and Processors Author: Adams, Charles, Larkin, Sherry Research Paper Title: Supply Disruptions Following Environmental Events: Implications for Molluscan Shellfish Growers and Processors Author: Adams, Charles, Larkin, Sherry Research Paper Close

• 22. [Article] Netting Billions: A Global Valuation of Tuna

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Netting Billions: A Global Valuation of Tuna Author: Defaux, Vincent, Nickson, Amanda, Rogers, Anthony, Huntington, Tim, Macfadyen, Graeme, Galland, Grantly Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Netting Billions: A Global Valuation of Tuna Author: Defaux, Vincent, Nickson, Amanda, Rogers, Anthony, Huntington, Tim, Macfadyen, Graeme, Galland, Grantly Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 23. [Article] The Harmonization of Food Safety and Traceability in Farmed Fish Production, An Example of Grouper Industry in Taiwan

  There is now an increasing demand among consumers for high-quality and safe aquaculture products. However, in becoming an important contributor to the markets for seafood, the aquaculture industry has ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Harmonization of Food Safety and Traceability in Farmed Fish Production, An Example of Grouper Industry in Taiwan Author: Chen, Shin-Chang, Nan, Fan-Hwa, Chuang, Ching-Ta There is now an increasing demand among consumers for high-quality and safe aquaculture products. However, in becoming an important contributor to the markets for seafood, the aquaculture industry has become increasingly subject to rigid food safety, traceability, and processing requirements (e.g. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP), Good Aquaculture Practice (GAP) etc.). In these recent trends, small-scale fish farmers, especially in developing countries and countries in transition, have encountered difficulties in meeting such requirements. On the other hand, although traceability is one of the latest issue in food trade market, there are still different requirements (and definition) in different country and organization. This paper conducts questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, and examines the traceability system and supply chain system of the farmed fish industry. Otherwise, In order to reach the spirit of "traceability ", we also take Taiwan seafood industry as an example to show that how traceability and food safety conform the production responsibility, the independent management, food security. Empirical results show that with sustainability, traceability and food safety as the core components, there is a critical need for countries within the region (e.g. Asia) to forge international collaboration, harmonization and transborder policies to develop standards and mechanisms for HACCP, GAP/GHP/GMP, and/or traceability implementation. These standards must not only be accessible to large commercial/industrial production, but must also be beneficial to small-scale fish farmers. Finally, this research provides recommendations for integrating the producing and marketing channels, sustainable development and market strategy for the aquaculture industry are also discussed. Title: The Harmonization of Food Safety and Traceability in Farmed Fish Production, An Example of Grouper Industry in Taiwan Author: Chen, Shin-Chang, Nan, Fan-Hwa, Chuang, Ching-Ta There is now an increasing demand among consumers for high-quality and safe aquaculture products. However, in becoming an important contributor to the markets for seafood, the aquaculture industry has become increasingly subject to rigid food safety, traceability, and processing requirements (e.g. Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP), Good Aquaculture Practice (GAP) etc.). In these recent trends, small-scale fish farmers, especially in developing countries and countries in transition, have encountered difficulties in meeting such requirements. On the other hand, although traceability is one of the latest issue in food trade market, there are still different requirements (and definition) in different country and organization. This paper conducts questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews, and examines the traceability system and supply chain system of the farmed fish industry. Otherwise, In order to reach the spirit of "traceability ", we also take Taiwan seafood industry as an example to show that how traceability and food safety conform the production responsibility, the independent management, food security. Empirical results show that with sustainability, traceability and food safety as the core components, there is a critical need for countries within the region (e.g. Asia) to forge international collaboration, harmonization and transborder policies to develop standards and mechanisms for HACCP, GAP/GHP/GMP, and/or traceability implementation. These standards must not only be accessible to large commercial/industrial production, but must also be beneficial to small-scale fish farmers. Finally, this research provides recommendations for integrating the producing and marketing channels, sustainable development and market strategy for the aquaculture industry are also discussed. Close

• 24. [Article] Assessing the Implications of the 2016 Oregon Minimum Wage Increase for Direct Market Farmers and Their Employees

  2017

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing the Implications of the 2016 Oregon Minimum Wage Increase for Direct Market Farmers and Their Employees Author: Trant, Lindsay 2017 Title: Assessing the Implications of the 2016 Oregon Minimum Wage Increase for Direct Market Farmers and Their Employees Author: Trant, Lindsay 2017 Close

• 25. [Article] Post-Tsunami Economic Analysis of Cage Culture Farms along the Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand

  A post-tsunami economic analysis of cage culture along the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand was carried out in five provinces (Ranong, Phang-nga, Krabi, Trang and Satun) from September 2007 to February 2008. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Post-Tsunami Economic Analysis of Cage Culture Farms along the Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand Author: Songrak, Apirak, Sangchan, Suchat, Tanyaros, Suwat, Anantasuk, Rattanaporn A post-tsunami economic analysis of cage culture along the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand was carried out in five provinces (Ranong, Phang-nga, Krabi, Trang and Satun) from September 2007 to February 2008. Two of the culture species normally raised in this area include sea bass (Lates calcarifer) and grouper (Epinephelus malabricus). Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect the quantitative data from the farmers at the household level in each province. Average total cost of investment both for sea bass and grouper were found to be significantly different among the provinces. (p<0.05). Average gross revenue and net profit for sea bass culture were found to be significantly different among the provinces. (p<0.05), while average gross revenue and net profit for grouper culture showed non-significant difference among the provinces. (p>0.05). The results from this study showed that net economic profit (NEP) achieved was 41,030.49 baht/crop for sea bass culture, while net economic profit (NEP) for grouper culture was 59,529.98 baht/crop. The result from the present study indicated that the economic value of cage culture farms was profitable. However, the farmers need some technical assistance from government agencies regarding price guarantee and marketing channels. Title: Post-Tsunami Economic Analysis of Cage Culture Farms along the Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand Author: Songrak, Apirak, Sangchan, Suchat, Tanyaros, Suwat, Anantasuk, Rattanaporn A post-tsunami economic analysis of cage culture along the Andaman Sea coast of Thailand was carried out in five provinces (Ranong, Phang-nga, Krabi, Trang and Satun) from September 2007 to February 2008. Two of the culture species normally raised in this area include sea bass (Lates calcarifer) and grouper (Epinephelus malabricus). Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect the quantitative data from the farmers at the household level in each province. Average total cost of investment both for sea bass and grouper were found to be significantly different among the provinces. (p<0.05). Average gross revenue and net profit for sea bass culture were found to be significantly different among the provinces. (p<0.05), while average gross revenue and net profit for grouper culture showed non-significant difference among the provinces. (p>0.05). The results from this study showed that net economic profit (NEP) achieved was 41,030.49 baht/crop for sea bass culture, while net economic profit (NEP) for grouper culture was 59,529.98 baht/crop. The result from the present study indicated that the economic value of cage culture farms was profitable. However, the farmers need some technical assistance from government agencies regarding price guarantee and marketing channels. Close

• 26. [Article] Approche économique et stratégique de la filière des produits de la mer dans l ’union européenne

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Approche économique et stratégique de la filière des produits de la mer dans l ’union européenne Author: Toussaint, R., Caillart, B. Research Paper Title: Approche économique et stratégique de la filière des produits de la mer dans l ’union européenne Author: Toussaint, R., Caillart, B. Research Paper Close

• 27. [Article] Seafood Products Enhancement: The Case of Artisanal Fishing in France

  Fishermen, who initially harvest the resource, usually content themselves with landing and selling the raw material. It is the food processing industry, wholesalers, distributors and retailers that create ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seafood Products Enhancement: The Case of Artisanal Fishing in France Author: Gouin, Stéphane, Fady, André Year: 2001 Fishermen, who initially harvest the resource, usually content themselves with landing and selling the raw material. It is the food processing industry, wholesalers, distributors and retailers that create added value from the fish by transforming it or/and differentiating different types or quality grades. Focussing upon Brittany, Normandy and the Channel coasts of Northern France, we observed that actors of the channel of market could also play their part in adding value to seafood products. A pilot study was made among 18 fishermen, 18 wholesale firms, 11 seafood products department supervisors in supermarkets and hypermarkets and 37 fishmongers at the beginning of 1999. These 84 market studies focussed on the seven methods used to add value: modification of fishing techniques; introduction of quality improvements; differentiation between fish, shellfish and crustaceans; policies of certification or collective brands; economic integration in the sector; creation of value added products; information and promotion to consumers. After recalling the various reasons for adding value to seafood products, the results of our market study of 84 professionals are presented in this paper. Title: Seafood Products Enhancement: The Case of Artisanal Fishing in France Author: Gouin, Stéphane, Fady, André Year: 2001 Fishermen, who initially harvest the resource, usually content themselves with landing and selling the raw material. It is the food processing industry, wholesalers, distributors and retailers that create added value from the fish by transforming it or/and differentiating different types or quality grades. Focussing upon Brittany, Normandy and the Channel coasts of Northern France, we observed that actors of the channel of market could also play their part in adding value to seafood products. A pilot study was made among 18 fishermen, 18 wholesale firms, 11 seafood products department supervisors in supermarkets and hypermarkets and 37 fishmongers at the beginning of 1999. These 84 market studies focussed on the seven methods used to add value: modification of fishing techniques; introduction of quality improvements; differentiation between fish, shellfish and crustaceans; policies of certification or collective brands; economic integration in the sector; creation of value added products; information and promotion to consumers. After recalling the various reasons for adding value to seafood products, the results of our market study of 84 professionals are presented in this paper. Close

• 28. [Article] Growth and Competition in the Italian Seafood Chain

  The Italian seafood chain is experiencing strong evolutionary pressures. Domestic operators, especially at catch level suffer from weak organisational structures and poor logistics, fragmentation and lack ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Growth and Competition in the Italian Seafood Chain Author: Spagnolo, Massimo, Ruckes, Erhard, Lem, Audum Year: 2001 The Italian seafood chain is experiencing strong evolutionary pressures. Domestic operators, especially at catch level suffer from weak organisational structures and poor logistics, fragmentation and lack of specialisation. Based on an analysis of the sector's strengths and weaknesses, the authors present three recommendations for bringing about the necessary changes. Whereas institutional support and investments are needed, the catalysts of change are found in the system itself and brought about by the operators. Title: Growth and Competition in the Italian Seafood Chain Author: Spagnolo, Massimo, Ruckes, Erhard, Lem, Audum Year: 2001 The Italian seafood chain is experiencing strong evolutionary pressures. Domestic operators, especially at catch level suffer from weak organisational structures and poor logistics, fragmentation and lack of specialisation. Based on an analysis of the sector's strengths and weaknesses, the authors present three recommendations for bringing about the necessary changes. Whereas institutional support and investments are needed, the catalysts of change are found in the system itself and brought about by the operators. Close

• 29. [Article] The role of processors in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production in the western state of Nigeria ; a case study

  Four assumptions-- 1. That there is an effective and potential demand for processed fruit products in the Western State of Nigeria. 2. That current supply of raw materials in the Western State of Nigeria ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The role of processors in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production in the western state of Nigeria ; a case study Author: Olufokunbi, Banwo Four assumptions-- 1. That there is an effective and potential demand for processed fruit products in the Western State of Nigeria. 2. That current supply of raw materials in the Western State of Nigeria is more than sufficient to meet the increased demand which the short-term addition or expansion (or both) of market opportunities as provided by processors will stimulate. 3. That farmers could be better-off economically by widening their margin. 4. That while a processing unit may have many objectives, like survival, large size, power and status, the overriding motive of the unit is to try to maximize profit. -- were made in conducting this study which is an attempt to understand the impact a particular processing firm in the Western State of Nigeria has made on farmers in its surrounding, and a postulate of the role such firms could play in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production, especially in the context of the stage of development Nigeria is today. With orange and pineapple as fruits of emphasis, the field work, done in Nigeria, took 59 days (July 20, 1970, to September 17, 1970); 45 days spent in interviewing farmers, 12 days in watching processing activities of 'Blaize'--the fruit processor; and 2 days taken off in-between. Three major issues examined are 1. The system of farming practiced by the producers--farmers producing for Blaize--particularly the farming changes (if any) induced by the addition or expansion (or both) of market opportunities as provided by the processor--'Blaize'. 2. The organization, activities and program of the processor-buyer (Blaize) as they relate to the purchase of orange and pineapple from Abeokuta area. 3. The kind of relationship which has been established between the processor firm (Blaize) and farmers who supply to it. Findings are: 1. The area of land planted to orange and pineapple in Abeokuta has been increasing over the years. 2. Farmers are responsive to price incentives; and are willing to increase their productivity to take advantage of profit opportunities, but they tend to guard against a long-term curtailment of food production. 3. Farmers earn their most cash-income from farming. 4. Nonfarm activities of the present farmers provide an increasingly smaller resource potential for production increase. 5. Capital, labor, good roads and transport are major constraints on farmers' production in Abeokuta area. 6. Abeokuta farmers diversify, but they grow more crops for domestic market than for export. 7. Land-use in Abeokuta features 9.2 percent devoted to ara-ables, 16.3 percent to tree crops, about 11.6 percent and 15.4 percent devoted to orange and pineapple, respectively; and 60 percent still residual. Average land-size per farm family is 32.7 acres, all scattered on an average of 8.6 plots. 8. Fruit growers in Abeokuta area are market oriented. 9. People in age brackets (26-37) and (37-46), as compared with other age brackets, have the largest amount of land, are more numerous, and are more market oriented. Areas of possible further investigation are: 1. Analysis of consumer demand. 2. The difficulties which may be faced by the expansion of processed fruit products when such will be meant for exports. 3. Promotional measures, and the utilization of by-products of processing plants. 4. Analysis of the existing marketing channels and services. 5. Capacity assessment of any given processor-plant. 6. The determination of the most suitable location of any proposed plant. Title: The role of processors in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production in the western state of Nigeria ; a case study Author: Olufokunbi, Banwo Four assumptions-- 1. That there is an effective and potential demand for processed fruit products in the Western State of Nigeria. 2. That current supply of raw materials in the Western State of Nigeria is more than sufficient to meet the increased demand which the short-term addition or expansion (or both) of market opportunities as provided by processors will stimulate. 3. That farmers could be better-off economically by widening their margin. 4. That while a processing unit may have many objectives, like survival, large size, power and status, the overriding motive of the unit is to try to maximize profit. -- were made in conducting this study which is an attempt to understand the impact a particular processing firm in the Western State of Nigeria has made on farmers in its surrounding, and a postulate of the role such firms could play in the improvement and expansion of fruit crop production, especially in the context of the stage of development Nigeria is today. With orange and pineapple as fruits of emphasis, the field work, done in Nigeria, took 59 days (July 20, 1970, to September 17, 1970); 45 days spent in interviewing farmers, 12 days in watching processing activities of 'Blaize'--the fruit processor; and 2 days taken off in-between. Three major issues examined are 1. The system of farming practiced by the producers--farmers producing for Blaize--particularly the farming changes (if any) induced by the addition or expansion (or both) of market opportunities as provided by the processor--'Blaize'. 2. The organization, activities and program of the processor-buyer (Blaize) as they relate to the purchase of orange and pineapple from Abeokuta area. 3. The kind of relationship which has been established between the processor firm (Blaize) and farmers who supply to it. Findings are: 1. The area of land planted to orange and pineapple in Abeokuta has been increasing over the years. 2. Farmers are responsive to price incentives; and are willing to increase their productivity to take advantage of profit opportunities, but they tend to guard against a long-term curtailment of food production. 3. Farmers earn their most cash-income from farming. 4. Nonfarm activities of the present farmers provide an increasingly smaller resource potential for production increase. 5. Capital, labor, good roads and transport are major constraints on farmers' production in Abeokuta area. 6. Abeokuta farmers diversify, but they grow more crops for domestic market than for export. 7. Land-use in Abeokuta features 9.2 percent devoted to ara-ables, 16.3 percent to tree crops, about 11.6 percent and 15.4 percent devoted to orange and pineapple, respectively; and 60 percent still residual. Average land-size per farm family is 32.7 acres, all scattered on an average of 8.6 plots. 8. Fruit growers in Abeokuta area are market oriented. 9. People in age brackets (26-37) and (37-46), as compared with other age brackets, have the largest amount of land, are more numerous, and are more market oriented. Areas of possible further investigation are: 1. Analysis of consumer demand. 2. The difficulties which may be faced by the expansion of processed fruit products when such will be meant for exports. 3. Promotional measures, and the utilization of by-products of processing plants. 4. Analysis of the existing marketing channels and services. 5. Capacity assessment of any given processor-plant. 6. The determination of the most suitable location of any proposed plant. Close

• 30. [Article] The Determinants of Women's Work: A Case Study from Three Urban Low-income Communities in Amman, Jordan

  This study addresses the determinants of women's economic activity in three low income communities in Amman, the capital of Jordan. These communities represent what is typically referred to as "pockets ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Determinants of Women's Work: A Case Study from Three Urban Low-income Communities in Amman, Jordan Author: Tubbeh, Taghrid Khuri Year: 1994 This study addresses the determinants of women's economic activity in three low income communities in Amman, the capital of Jordan. These communities represent what is typically referred to as "pockets of urban poverty." Besides addressing the demographic and socio-economic variables, the study identifies and includes cultural variables in a model of female labor force participation. Modern economic systems developed definitions and measurements of productivity that render the majority of women's work as non-productive. Activities within the domestic sphere that do not earn monetary returns are not measured as productive economic activities, and hence are dropped from the calculations of gross national and domestic products of most if not all developing nations. In the Arab Middle East, where women's work outside the home is relatively a recent phenomenon, labor statistics are measuring only female labor force in the "formal sector" of the labor market. The scope and magnitude of women's economic activity within the domestic sphere, or in what is termed the informal sector, is neglected, or at best, underestimated, by labor force statistics. In such cultural contexts where women's economic activity outside the home is still considered secondary to the array of their reproductive and home-related activities, the underlying thesis is that cultural factors play an important role in shaping the outcomes of women's decisions regarding labor force participation. A field survey covered the sample of adult women, aged 15 years and over. To achieve a 95% level of significance, 435 women were interviewed. Three field surveyors were trained to thoroughly probe and depict all types of economic activity for the purpose of raising cash, be it in the formal or the informal sectors of the labor market. A nested logit model assesses the effects of demographic and socio-economic variables on women's employment status. Employment status is defined as a dichotomous dependent variable indicating whether a woman does or does not work. The second step of the logit model incorporates cultural variables in addition to the demographic and socio-economic variables. Each logit run segregates women by marital status, and one run addresses the pooled sample of women, with marital status included as a predictor variable. The results indicate that age and marital status (in the pooled sample) are important variables in determining the employment status of women. The presence of a resource person to help the ever-married woman in child-care also had a significant effect on women's employment decisions. Household income, which represents the need for the woman's income, is also a significant variable. In the second step of the nested logit model, education significantly influences women's work outside the home. Segregation (a cultural variable that represented a constraint to women's work in a mixed environment) is also a significant variable in influencing women's work inside the home. This study shows that when addressing the determinants of female labor force participation, it is important to include cultural variables and assess their effect on influencing the outcome of women's decisions to undertake economic activity. Policies that seek to increase female employment need to be aware of the cultural and demographic (fertility related) considerations. Consequently, employment creation and enhancement programs need to be formulated and designed with this consideration in focus. For example, child-care facilities could be established within communities. This will free sometime of mothers with children to work outside the home, and will create child-care jobs within the community. Realizing that, due to cultural barriers, some women will still desire to only work at home, agencies providing marketing channels for such activities need to be established. Title: The Determinants of Women's Work: A Case Study from Three Urban Low-income Communities in Amman, Jordan Author: Tubbeh, Taghrid Khuri Year: 1994 This study addresses the determinants of women's economic activity in three low income communities in Amman, the capital of Jordan. These communities represent what is typically referred to as "pockets of urban poverty." Besides addressing the demographic and socio-economic variables, the study identifies and includes cultural variables in a model of female labor force participation. Modern economic systems developed definitions and measurements of productivity that render the majority of women's work as non-productive. Activities within the domestic sphere that do not earn monetary returns are not measured as productive economic activities, and hence are dropped from the calculations of gross national and domestic products of most if not all developing nations. In the Arab Middle East, where women's work outside the home is relatively a recent phenomenon, labor statistics are measuring only female labor force in the "formal sector" of the labor market. The scope and magnitude of women's economic activity within the domestic sphere, or in what is termed the informal sector, is neglected, or at best, underestimated, by labor force statistics. In such cultural contexts where women's economic activity outside the home is still considered secondary to the array of their reproductive and home-related activities, the underlying thesis is that cultural factors play an important role in shaping the outcomes of women's decisions regarding labor force participation. A field survey covered the sample of adult women, aged 15 years and over. To achieve a 95% level of significance, 435 women were interviewed. Three field surveyors were trained to thoroughly probe and depict all types of economic activity for the purpose of raising cash, be it in the formal or the informal sectors of the labor market. A nested logit model assesses the effects of demographic and socio-economic variables on women's employment status. Employment status is defined as a dichotomous dependent variable indicating whether a woman does or does not work. The second step of the logit model incorporates cultural variables in addition to the demographic and socio-economic variables. Each logit run segregates women by marital status, and one run addresses the pooled sample of women, with marital status included as a predictor variable. The results indicate that age and marital status (in the pooled sample) are important variables in determining the employment status of women. The presence of a resource person to help the ever-married woman in child-care also had a significant effect on women's employment decisions. Household income, which represents the need for the woman's income, is also a significant variable. In the second step of the nested logit model, education significantly influences women's work outside the home. Segregation (a cultural variable that represented a constraint to women's work in a mixed environment) is also a significant variable in influencing women's work inside the home. This study shows that when addressing the determinants of female labor force participation, it is important to include cultural variables and assess their effect on influencing the outcome of women's decisions to undertake economic activity. Policies that seek to increase female employment need to be aware of the cultural and demographic (fertility related) considerations. Consequently, employment creation and enhancement programs need to be formulated and designed with this consideration in focus. For example, child-care facilities could be established within communities. This will free sometime of mothers with children to work outside the home, and will create child-care jobs within the community. Realizing that, due to cultural barriers, some women will still desire to only work at home, agencies providing marketing channels for such activities need to be established. Close

• 31. [Article] Interpersonal Dependence and Efficiency of Interfirm Exchange: A Cross-national Study of Industrial Distributor – Supplier Relationships

  A glaring hole exists between academic marketing literature and anecdotal observations on the effect of interpersonal ties for interfirm exchange. Academic marketing literature, economic perspective in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Interpersonal Dependence and Efficiency of Interfirm Exchange: A Cross-national Study of Industrial Distributor – Supplier Relationships Author: Kim, Keysuk Year: 2001 A glaring hole exists between academic marketing literature and anecdotal observations on the effect of interpersonal ties for interfirm exchange. Academic marketing literature, economic perspective in particular, either frowns on or belittles the impact of interpersonal ties for interfirm exchange. In contrast, we often hear street-smart people say that it is “who you know, not what you know,” that counts for the success in business. This study aims to clarify the role of interpersonal ties in interfirm exchange by examining the effect of interpersonal dependence on interfirm-level issues in industrial distributor – supplier relationships. Specifically, we propose that interpersonal dependence has differential effects on the elements of interfirm relationships (distributor dependence, trust, and commitment) and that, in return, these exchange elements have differential effects on the efficiency of interfirm exchange. The proposed hypotheses were tested with data collected through a survey of industrial distributors in the United States and Japan. The hypotheses on the effects of interpersonal dependence on interfirm relational elements received a mixed support, while the hypotheses on the effects of interfirm relational elements on the efficiency of exchange received support. Title: Interpersonal Dependence and Efficiency of Interfirm Exchange: A Cross-national Study of Industrial Distributor – Supplier Relationships Author: Kim, Keysuk Year: 2001 A glaring hole exists between academic marketing literature and anecdotal observations on the effect of interpersonal ties for interfirm exchange. Academic marketing literature, economic perspective in particular, either frowns on or belittles the impact of interpersonal ties for interfirm exchange. In contrast, we often hear street-smart people say that it is “who you know, not what you know,” that counts for the success in business. This study aims to clarify the role of interpersonal ties in interfirm exchange by examining the effect of interpersonal dependence on interfirm-level issues in industrial distributor – supplier relationships. Specifically, we propose that interpersonal dependence has differential effects on the elements of interfirm relationships (distributor dependence, trust, and commitment) and that, in return, these exchange elements have differential effects on the efficiency of interfirm exchange. The proposed hypotheses were tested with data collected through a survey of industrial distributors in the United States and Japan. The hypotheses on the effects of interpersonal dependence on interfirm relational elements received a mixed support, while the hypotheses on the effects of interfirm relational elements on the efficiency of exchange received support. Close

• 32. [Article] Managers’ Network in the Norwegian Fishing Industry – Do Organizational Size and Structure Matter?

  Managers play an important role in strategic decision making. One important objective of strategic leadership is that of linking the organization to its environment. In this paper we ask the question: ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Managers’ Network in the Norwegian Fishing Industry – Do Organizational Size and Structure Matter? Author: Iversen, Audun, Foss, Lene Year: 2001 Managers play an important role in strategic decision making. One important objective of strategic leadership is that of linking the organization to its environment. In this paper we ask the question: To what degree are managers' external network contingent on organizational design, i.e. the internal characteristics of the organization? With the assumption that managers' networks are purposively created within the limits and the needs of the organization, we discuss what determines the range of network of managers. We find that size and vertical differentiation are the most important of the tested organizational characteristics, while horizontal differentiation had somewhat less influence. We did not find support for the hypothesis that administrative capacity contributes positively to manager networks. Our results indicate that to view organizational characteristics as conducive to managers network range is a fruitful approach. Title: Managers’ Network in the Norwegian Fishing Industry – Do Organizational Size and Structure Matter? Author: Iversen, Audun, Foss, Lene Year: 2001 Managers play an important role in strategic decision making. One important objective of strategic leadership is that of linking the organization to its environment. In this paper we ask the question: To what degree are managers' external network contingent on organizational design, i.e. the internal characteristics of the organization? With the assumption that managers' networks are purposively created within the limits and the needs of the organization, we discuss what determines the range of network of managers. We find that size and vertical differentiation are the most important of the tested organizational characteristics, while horizontal differentiation had somewhat less influence. We did not find support for the hypothesis that administrative capacity contributes positively to manager networks. Our results indicate that to view organizational characteristics as conducive to managers network range is a fruitful approach. Close

• 33. [Article] Fishery Industry' s Confidence towards the near Future in Different Levels of Production Chain in Finland

  The idea of this study is to follow general economic fluctuations and try to foresee how confident fishery industry is towards the near future and simultaneously indicate the relative development in the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fishery Industry' s Confidence towards the near Future in Different Levels of Production Chain in Finland Author: Honkanen, Asmo, Ahvonen, Anssi Year: 2001 The idea of this study is to follow general economic fluctuations and try to foresee how confident fishery industry is towards the near future and simultaneously indicate the relative development in the near past. A trend-and-confidence indicator describing the overall economic trend and expectations of enterprises was calculated from the means of balance figures of questions concerning change in financial standing, turnover and investments of an enterprise. The results can be divided into fishing, aquaculture, processing, wholesale and retail trade, i.e. to the whole production-processing-commerce chain. In February 2000, the confidence towards coming 12 months in the Finnish fishery enterprises was encouraged. The only sector that had deteriorated during the past year was fishing, however the outlook of fishing for the coming year was more promising. The results are based on a sample of about 300 enterprises representing a survey population of about 1070 fishery enterprises. The reliability of the results is discussed. Title: Fishery Industry' s Confidence towards the near Future in Different Levels of Production Chain in Finland Author: Honkanen, Asmo, Ahvonen, Anssi Year: 2001 The idea of this study is to follow general economic fluctuations and try to foresee how confident fishery industry is towards the near future and simultaneously indicate the relative development in the near past. A trend-and-confidence indicator describing the overall economic trend and expectations of enterprises was calculated from the means of balance figures of questions concerning change in financial standing, turnover and investments of an enterprise. The results can be divided into fishing, aquaculture, processing, wholesale and retail trade, i.e. to the whole production-processing-commerce chain. In February 2000, the confidence towards coming 12 months in the Finnish fishery enterprises was encouraged. The only sector that had deteriorated during the past year was fishing, however the outlook of fishing for the coming year was more promising. The results are based on a sample of about 300 enterprises representing a survey population of about 1070 fishery enterprises. The reliability of the results is discussed. Close

• 34. [Article] Cross-Cultural Understanding

  This case-study is about the cross-cultural management and how it affects the employee relations and ultimately impacts their performance, if not handled properly. The case delves into different situations ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Cross-Cultural Understanding Author: Haider, Sajjad Year: 2016 This case-study is about the cross-cultural management and how it affects the employee relations and ultimately impacts their performance, if not handled properly. The case delves into different situations where understanding of the other cultural values, norms, work practices and human behavior is critical for foreign managers to succeed. The case entails how a foreign FMCG company faced with the difficult and challenging situation in China. In order to fix the problems, the corporate headquarter sent three of their bright personnel; Janet, Peter and William to China. They were tasked to improve the HR, marketing & sales and distributions channels. Nonetheless, when they landed in the host country, they grappled with a number of challenges arising out of cultural, communication and situational differences. This case talks about these challenges and how to handle them. Title: Cross-Cultural Understanding Author: Haider, Sajjad Year: 2016 This case-study is about the cross-cultural management and how it affects the employee relations and ultimately impacts their performance, if not handled properly. The case delves into different situations where understanding of the other cultural values, norms, work practices and human behavior is critical for foreign managers to succeed. The case entails how a foreign FMCG company faced with the difficult and challenging situation in China. In order to fix the problems, the corporate headquarter sent three of their bright personnel; Janet, Peter and William to China. They were tasked to improve the HR, marketing & sales and distributions channels. Nonetheless, when they landed in the host country, they grappled with a number of challenges arising out of cultural, communication and situational differences. This case talks about these challenges and how to handle them. Close

• 35. [Article] Determinants of Preferences for Suppliers in an Industrial Value System: An Interactionist Perspective

  In this paper, we use an interactionist perspective to study inter-industry variation in buying behavior. We argue that individual purchasers’ preferences for suppliers depend on three broad classes of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Determinants of Preferences for Suppliers in an Industrial Value System: An Interactionist Perspective Author: Lines, Rune Year: 2001 In this paper, we use an interactionist perspective to study inter-industry variation in buying behavior. We argue that individual purchasers’ preferences for suppliers depend on three broad classes of variables: (1) The structure of the value chain stage in which the firm competes, (2) the firm’s competitive strategy and (3) individual level work experience from the fisheries and other sectors. Structure is related to preferences because a highly transparent market with many homogeneous suppliers forces buyers to emphasize prize over other supplier selection criteria. Competitive strategy is believed to exert influence on preferences because strategy defines areas in which the firm has to outperform its competitors. As competitive advantage partly stems from an adaptation of suppliers, strategically important areas translate into criteria for supplier selection. A purchaser’s experience from work within or outside this sector is partly stored as cognitive structures that are used for making decisions and interpretation of information in complex and ambiguous environments. Present use of criteria for selecting suppliers, thus, partly reflects such experiences, in particular what has led to goal achievement in the past. A set of supplier selection criteria was identified based on a literature review and a qualitative prestudy. A set of theory-driven hypotheses are tested using data from a sample of respondents from UK, Spain and France (n = 99). Data were obtained from both traditional coast based importers-wholesalers and regionally based wholesalers. A conjoint approach was used in order to measure relative importance of supplier selection criteria at the individual purchaser level. Substantial support was found for a relationship between the three sets of variables and perceived relative importance of supplier selection criteria. Title: Determinants of Preferences for Suppliers in an Industrial Value System: An Interactionist Perspective Author: Lines, Rune Year: 2001 In this paper, we use an interactionist perspective to study inter-industry variation in buying behavior. We argue that individual purchasers’ preferences for suppliers depend on three broad classes of variables: (1) The structure of the value chain stage in which the firm competes, (2) the firm’s competitive strategy and (3) individual level work experience from the fisheries and other sectors. Structure is related to preferences because a highly transparent market with many homogeneous suppliers forces buyers to emphasize prize over other supplier selection criteria. Competitive strategy is believed to exert influence on preferences because strategy defines areas in which the firm has to outperform its competitors. As competitive advantage partly stems from an adaptation of suppliers, strategically important areas translate into criteria for supplier selection. A purchaser’s experience from work within or outside this sector is partly stored as cognitive structures that are used for making decisions and interpretation of information in complex and ambiguous environments. Present use of criteria for selecting suppliers, thus, partly reflects such experiences, in particular what has led to goal achievement in the past. A set of supplier selection criteria was identified based on a literature review and a qualitative prestudy. A set of theory-driven hypotheses are tested using data from a sample of respondents from UK, Spain and France (n = 99). Data were obtained from both traditional coast based importers-wholesalers and regionally based wholesalers. A conjoint approach was used in order to measure relative importance of supplier selection criteria at the individual purchaser level. Substantial support was found for a relationship between the three sets of variables and perceived relative importance of supplier selection criteria. Close

• 36. [Article] Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market Author: Astou, Niang Ndeye, Michel, Lesourd Abstract only. Title: Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market Author: Astou, Niang Ndeye, Michel, Lesourd Abstract only. Close

• 37. [Article] An assessment of domestic market outlook and export market potentials for U.S. wood windows and doors

  The U.S. wood window and door industry has experienced much growth for the past decade. However, to date, little information on factors that could affect marketing strategies exists. This research represents ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An assessment of domestic market outlook and export market potentials for U.S. wood windows and doors Author: Lee, Jun-Yen The U.S. wood window and door industry has experienced much growth for the past decade. However, to date, little information on factors that could affect marketing strategies exists. This research represents an initial step for providing this information. A mail survey of U.S. wood window and door manufacturers was used to collect primary information on market characteristics, entry barriers, distribution channels used, and export decision factors. Also, an economic model was built to assess the domestic market sensitivity to changes in the residential construction price, construction costs, and raw material prices. The results of mail survey indicated that the key characteristics of the domestic window and door market were strong competition and a price sensitive market, while the future growth potential was identified as a key market characteristic in the Pacific Rim markets. The key entry barriers in domestic window and door markets are viewed as non-tariff barriers (building codes, regulations, etc.), but in the Pacific Rim markets business peoples' attitudes and the complexity of distribution channels are viewed as the key entry barriers. In general, the Pacific Rim markets are perceived as more difficult to penetrate than the domestic wood window and door markets. The key factor affecting the export decision with wood windows and doors is quality. There exist gaps in the views of exporters and nonexporters in the importance of technical support, consistency of supply, and familiarity/tradition. Intermediaries such as wholesalers, retailers, and distributors were commonly used in domestic wood window and door markets. The results of econometric analysis have shown that demand for wood windows and doors is sensitive to the change in residential construction price with an elasticity of 3.54%. The aggregate demand appears insensitive to own price; this finding ignores some of the substitution with door and window types that the survey results helped highlight. Title: An assessment of domestic market outlook and export market potentials for U.S. wood windows and doors Author: Lee, Jun-Yen The U.S. wood window and door industry has experienced much growth for the past decade. However, to date, little information on factors that could affect marketing strategies exists. This research represents an initial step for providing this information. A mail survey of U.S. wood window and door manufacturers was used to collect primary information on market characteristics, entry barriers, distribution channels used, and export decision factors. Also, an economic model was built to assess the domestic market sensitivity to changes in the residential construction price, construction costs, and raw material prices. The results of mail survey indicated that the key characteristics of the domestic window and door market were strong competition and a price sensitive market, while the future growth potential was identified as a key market characteristic in the Pacific Rim markets. The key entry barriers in domestic window and door markets are viewed as non-tariff barriers (building codes, regulations, etc.), but in the Pacific Rim markets business peoples' attitudes and the complexity of distribution channels are viewed as the key entry barriers. In general, the Pacific Rim markets are perceived as more difficult to penetrate than the domestic wood window and door markets. The key factor affecting the export decision with wood windows and doors is quality. There exist gaps in the views of exporters and nonexporters in the importance of technical support, consistency of supply, and familiarity/tradition. Intermediaries such as wholesalers, retailers, and distributors were commonly used in domestic wood window and door markets. The results of econometric analysis have shown that demand for wood windows and doors is sensitive to the change in residential construction price with an elasticity of 3.54%. The aggregate demand appears insensitive to own price; this finding ignores some of the substitution with door and window types that the survey results helped highlight. Close

• 38. [Article] Quota Market Efficiency: The New Zealand Annual Catch Entitlement (ACE) Market

  Presentation. Note: data featured in this presentation was subsequently published in Marine Policy Volume 55, May 2015, Pages 11-22 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X15000160...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Quota Market Efficiency: The New Zealand Annual Catch Entitlement (ACE) Market Author: Leaver, Jonathan, Stewart, James Presentation. Note: data featured in this presentation was subsequently published in Marine Policy Volume 55, May 2015, Pages 11-22 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X15000160 Title: Quota Market Efficiency: The New Zealand Annual Catch Entitlement (ACE) Market Author: Leaver, Jonathan, Stewart, James Presentation. Note: data featured in this presentation was subsequently published in Marine Policy Volume 55, May 2015, Pages 11-22 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X15000160 Close

• 39. [Article] An application of one-factor and two-factor information channel models to marketing research problems

  This thesis presents an introduction to Marketing Research concepts, relates Operations Research to Marketing Research and discusses the limitations of each. An Information Theory approach based on Shannon's ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An application of one-factor and two-factor information channel models to marketing research problems Author: Shirland, Larry Elwyn This thesis presents an introduction to Marketing Research concepts, relates Operations Research to Marketing Research and discusses the limitations of each. An Information Theory approach based on Shannon's fundamental theorems and extended by Kunisawa is applied to one-factor and two-factor marketing problems. The objective of one-factor information channel models is to use a single factor such as price, tonnage, utility, or other measurable quantity to explain the behavior habits of consumers. The two-factor model may be used when two independent factors can be isolated and used to describe a particular situation. Two FORTRAN computer programs are presented, one for solving one-factor information channel problems, and the other for solving problems involving two factors. The Information Theory analysis as discussed in this thesis is intended for use as a mathematical model and should prove beneficial in establishing ground rules and guidelines for decision making. Title: An application of one-factor and two-factor information channel models to marketing research problems Author: Shirland, Larry Elwyn This thesis presents an introduction to Marketing Research concepts, relates Operations Research to Marketing Research and discusses the limitations of each. An Information Theory approach based on Shannon's fundamental theorems and extended by Kunisawa is applied to one-factor and two-factor marketing problems. The objective of one-factor information channel models is to use a single factor such as price, tonnage, utility, or other measurable quantity to explain the behavior habits of consumers. The two-factor model may be used when two independent factors can be isolated and used to describe a particular situation. Two FORTRAN computer programs are presented, one for solving one-factor information channel problems, and the other for solving problems involving two factors. The Information Theory analysis as discussed in this thesis is intended for use as a mathematical model and should prove beneficial in establishing ground rules and guidelines for decision making. Close

• 40. [Article] Communicating with audiences: The strategic marketing of music festivals

  53 p. Examining committee chair: Dr. Doug Blandy

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Communicating with audiences: The strategic marketing of music festivals Author: Park, HyunHee Year: 2010 53 p. Examining committee chair: Dr. Doug Blandy Title: Communicating with audiences: The strategic marketing of music festivals Author: Park, HyunHee Year: 2010 53 p. Examining committee chair: Dr. Doug Blandy Close

• 41. [Article] Relationships between producer and food retailer : Contractualisations, margin policies and product enhancement in the fishing sector

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Relationships between producer and food retailer : Contractualisations, margin policies and product enhancement in the fishing sector Author: Gouin, Stephane, Boude, Jean-Pierre, Charles, Erwan Research Paper Title: Relationships between producer and food retailer : Contractualisations, margin policies and product enhancement in the fishing sector Author: Gouin, Stephane, Boude, Jean-Pierre, Charles, Erwan Research Paper Close

• 42. [Article] Food-System of Tuna Industry: Market Distortions in Canning and Sashimi Markets

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Food-System of Tuna Industry: Market Distortions in Canning and Sashimi Markets Author: Yamashita, Haruko Research Paper Title: Food-System of Tuna Industry: Market Distortions in Canning and Sashimi Markets Author: Yamashita, Haruko Research Paper Close

• 43. [Article] Role of Mobile Phone in Distribution Channel: A Study on Fishing Sector in Bangladesh

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Role of Mobile Phone in Distribution Channel: A Study on Fishing Sector in Bangladesh Author: Uddin, Mohammed, Sultana, Tunazzina Abstract only. Title: Role of Mobile Phone in Distribution Channel: A Study on Fishing Sector in Bangladesh Author: Uddin, Mohammed, Sultana, Tunazzina Abstract only. Close

• 44. [Article] Marketing to Individuals: Insights from the Library

  This presentation focuses on how library systems support user purchases and which sales channels are involved.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Marketing to Individuals: Insights from the Library Author: Emery, Jill Year: 2013 This presentation focuses on how library systems support user purchases and which sales channels are involved. Title: Marketing to Individuals: Insights from the Library Author: Emery, Jill Year: 2013 This presentation focuses on how library systems support user purchases and which sales channels are involved. Close

• 45. [Article] Trout, Seabass and Seabream Value Chains. An Overview of South Europe

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trout, Seabass and Seabream Value Chains. An Overview of South Europe Author: Valle, Paul S., Mora, Cristina, Santiago, José L., Sogari, Giovanni, Taskov, Dimitar Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Trout, Seabass and Seabream Value Chains. An Overview of South Europe Author: Valle, Paul S., Mora, Cristina, Santiago, José L., Sogari, Giovanni, Taskov, Dimitar Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 46. [Article] Boeing Drone Project: Marketing Plan

  Drone technology has been used for many industrial applications including agriculture monitoring, construction photography, emergent goods delivery, and so forth. Recently, drone for logistics has been ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Boeing Drone Project: Marketing Plan Author: Yu, Chih-Jen, Lee, Yongjun, Boateng, Kwasi, Chaturvedi, Ritu, Sandanshiv, Pallavi Year: 2015 Drone technology has been used for many industrial applications including agriculture monitoring, construction photography, emergent goods delivery, and so forth. Recently, drone for logistics has been explored by some E-retailers or logistics providers including Amazon, DHL, UPS, Google, and so forth. With the growing numbers of both on line shopping customers and commercial drones, this creates great opportunity for Boeing to move forward and provide robust SkyExpress drone technology to those giant E-retailers such as Walmart, Apple, Walgreen, Macy, Nike etc. According to market research, U.S online retail sales are expected to grow 57% by 2018 and estimated revenue value of $574.5 billion by 2019. There will be about $89 billion in cumulative spending on UAVs globally over the next 10 years. In addition, FAA is overseeing the gradual development of rules and systems that will guarantee safety, as well as privacy. This market research information justify that drone for logistics is an emerging market trend. US E retailers have been selected as geographic market segmentation, due to its larger portion of on line customer and revenue. E-retailers including Walmart, Apple, Walgreen, Macy, Nike, and Barnes & Nobles are chosen because the products or packages provided match the priority of on line shoppers and limitation of drone delivery. From customers’ viewpoints, cost, convenience, and eco-friendly are recognized as value drivers with a focus on speedy delivery, low cost, and reducing ecological footprints. By considering drone delivery business model, the total drones to be sold has been estimated as 519,870 units for the next 5 years. This will come with 4.2 Billion revenue and 2.2 Billion of profits for Boeing SkyExpress. By looking at the drone technology life cycle, beachhead and whole product strategy are proposed to be used to cross the chasm and further increase the market share. Considering this industrial marketing nature, direct sale and channel model are applied and performance monitoring mechanism is implemented for maintaining competitive advantage in drone for logistics delivery market. Title: Boeing Drone Project: Marketing Plan Author: Yu, Chih-Jen, Lee, Yongjun, Boateng, Kwasi, Chaturvedi, Ritu, Sandanshiv, Pallavi Year: 2015 Drone technology has been used for many industrial applications including agriculture monitoring, construction photography, emergent goods delivery, and so forth. Recently, drone for logistics has been explored by some E-retailers or logistics providers including Amazon, DHL, UPS, Google, and so forth. With the growing numbers of both on line shopping customers and commercial drones, this creates great opportunity for Boeing to move forward and provide robust SkyExpress drone technology to those giant E-retailers such as Walmart, Apple, Walgreen, Macy, Nike etc. According to market research, U.S online retail sales are expected to grow 57% by 2018 and estimated revenue value of $574.5 billion by 2019. There will be about $89 billion in cumulative spending on UAVs globally over the next 10 years. In addition, FAA is overseeing the gradual development of rules and systems that will guarantee safety, as well as privacy. This market research information justify that drone for logistics is an emerging market trend. US E retailers have been selected as geographic market segmentation, due to its larger portion of on line customer and revenue. E-retailers including Walmart, Apple, Walgreen, Macy, Nike, and Barnes & Nobles are chosen because the products or packages provided match the priority of on line shoppers and limitation of drone delivery. From customers’ viewpoints, cost, convenience, and eco-friendly are recognized as value drivers with a focus on speedy delivery, low cost, and reducing ecological footprints. By considering drone delivery business model, the total drones to be sold has been estimated as 519,870 units for the next 5 years. This will come with 4.2 Billion revenue and 2.2 Billion of profits for Boeing SkyExpress. By looking at the drone technology life cycle, beachhead and whole product strategy are proposed to be used to cross the chasm and further increase the market share. Considering this industrial marketing nature, direct sale and channel model are applied and performance monitoring mechanism is implemented for maintaining competitive advantage in drone for logistics delivery market. Close

• 47. [Article] Consequences of the Crisis in French Oyster Culture Sector on the Domestic Market

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Consequences of the Crisis in French Oyster Culture Sector on the Domestic Market Author: Mariojouls, Catherine, Jolly, Laurene Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Consequences of the Crisis in French Oyster Culture Sector on the Domestic Market Author: Mariojouls, Catherine, Jolly, Laurene Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 48. [Article] Diversification into the UK Market for Locally Produced Tilapia

  This paper is focussed upon the marketing implications and adoption responses from a 3 years multidisciplinary Research Councils UK project which has examined the prospects for UK (agricultural) farmers ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Diversification into the UK Market for Locally Produced Tilapia Author: Watterson, Andrew, Murray, Francis, Kodithuwakku, Sarath, Boyd, Kathleen, Young, James A., Ferguson, Pauline, Leschen, William, Little, David C. This paper is focussed upon the marketing implications and adoption responses from a 3 years multidisciplinary Research Councils UK project which has examined the prospects for UK (agricultural) farmers to diversify into production of warm-water tilapia. The proposed production process and product characteristics abound with green credentials, consistent with emergent market demands. This combination might enable small scale producers to access growing UK niche markets for fresh fish and to compete through upmarket positions with expanding EU tilapia imports. Having ascertained the wider market characteristics primary research was undertaken through consumer focus groups and depth interviews with organisational channel members. The results supported the initial premise of there being niche markets for tilapia produced from local, small-scale environmentally-friendly units. Three target groups in the UK were identified: ethnic consumers, green consumers and discrete segments (gastro-pubs and upscale fish restaurants) within foodservice. Having established favourable market prospects the propensity of farmers to diversify into this novel area of activity was explored. Investigation of farmer entrepreneurship, undertaken in 2006 and 2007, explored perceived challenges in the new aquaculture venture. In-depth face to face and telephone interviews with agricultural farmers identified a number of factors that both encouraged and dissuaded them from diversification into tilapia. Despite the ongoing interests of some, and other emergent adopters, the majority seem disinclined to commercialise their interest. The paper concludes with an assessment of what might need to be done to promote a more favourable reaction and reviews the prognosis for the success of local fish production. Title: Diversification into the UK Market for Locally Produced Tilapia Author: Watterson, Andrew, Murray, Francis, Kodithuwakku, Sarath, Boyd, Kathleen, Young, James A., Ferguson, Pauline, Leschen, William, Little, David C. This paper is focussed upon the marketing implications and adoption responses from a 3 years multidisciplinary Research Councils UK project which has examined the prospects for UK (agricultural) farmers to diversify into production of warm-water tilapia. The proposed production process and product characteristics abound with green credentials, consistent with emergent market demands. This combination might enable small scale producers to access growing UK niche markets for fresh fish and to compete through upmarket positions with expanding EU tilapia imports. Having ascertained the wider market characteristics primary research was undertaken through consumer focus groups and depth interviews with organisational channel members. The results supported the initial premise of there being niche markets for tilapia produced from local, small-scale environmentally-friendly units. Three target groups in the UK were identified: ethnic consumers, green consumers and discrete segments (gastro-pubs and upscale fish restaurants) within foodservice. Having established favourable market prospects the propensity of farmers to diversify into this novel area of activity was explored. Investigation of farmer entrepreneurship, undertaken in 2006 and 2007, explored perceived challenges in the new aquaculture venture. In-depth face to face and telephone interviews with agricultural farmers identified a number of factors that both encouraged and dissuaded them from diversification into tilapia. Despite the ongoing interests of some, and other emergent adopters, the majority seem disinclined to commercialise their interest. The paper concludes with an assessment of what might need to be done to promote a more favourable reaction and reviews the prognosis for the success of local fish production. Close

• 49. [Article] Marketing, Distribution and Consumption of Sea Food in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria

  Abstract only

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Marketing, Distribution and Consumption of Sea Food in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria Author: Friday, Ogbe, Unekwu, Onuche Abstract only Title: Marketing, Distribution and Consumption of Sea Food in Anyigba, North Central Nigeria Author: Friday, Ogbe, Unekwu, Onuche Abstract only Close

• 50. [Article] Invisible actors on a male dominated arena: female fish mongers’ roles, strategies and needs in the fisheries sector

  This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Invisible actors on a male dominated arena: female fish mongers’ roles, strategies and needs in the fisheries sector Author: Frocklin, Sara, Jiddawi, Narriman, Lindstrom, Lars, de la Torre-Castro, Maricela This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/). Abstract only. Title: Invisible actors on a male dominated arena: female fish mongers’ roles, strategies and needs in the fisheries sector Author: Frocklin, Sara, Jiddawi, Narriman, Lindstrom, Lars, de la Torre-Castro, Maricela This is part of the IIFET Special Session on Markets and Value Chains for Small Aquaculture & Fisheries Enterprises with a Focus on Gender that took place on 17 July 2012 in Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania in conjunction with 16th IIFET Conference. The complete proceedings of this special session are available (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Documents/Uploads/FileManager/IIFET%202012%20CRSP%20Session%20Proceedings%20Final_small.pdf) through the Aquaculture & Fisheries Collaborative Research Support Program gender web site, (http://aquafishcrsp.oregonstate.edu/Gender/). Abstract only. Close

• 51. [Article] Multidisciplinary Perspectives on an Emergent Fish Product: The Tank of British Tilapia

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on an Emergent Fish Product: The Tank of British Tilapia Author: Watterson, Andrew, Murray, Francis, Grady, Kathleen, Young, James A., Little, David Research Paper Title: Multidisciplinary Perspectives on an Emergent Fish Product: The Tank of British Tilapia Author: Watterson, Andrew, Murray, Francis, Grady, Kathleen, Young, James A., Little, David Research Paper Close

• 52. [Article] HP Sprocket Marketing Plan

  HP Sprocket is a pocket-size photo printer, released in the market in September 2016. About the size of a smartphone, this Bluetooth printer goes anywhere. The Sprocket gives customers the ability to use ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: HP Sprocket Marketing Plan Author: Melendez, Alex Tacco, Singh, Anchal, Rosenthal, Janet, Vrushabhendra, Lipishree, Alzahrani, Saeed, Purwar, Shivani Year: 2017 HP Sprocket is a pocket-size photo printer, released in the market in September 2016. About the size of a smartphone, this Bluetooth printer goes anywhere. The Sprocket gives customers the ability to use their smartphone to take photos, with the added benefit of having a physical picture to keep forever. The Sprocket works with an App on a smartphone or a tablet. It instantly prints photos that are 2 X 3 inches and waterproof. With a peel able back, photos can turn into fun stickers. The Sprocket works with social media feeds, so you can incorporate text, emojis, filters and frames before you print. The Sprocket retails for $129.99 and replacement paper is $10 for 20 photo papers. The Sprocket is unique in that it does not require replacement ink. Instead, it uses Zink technology, and only requires the HP replacement photo paper. HP is counting on the Sprocket to boost their lagging printer sales. Currently, the printer market is stagnant. The introduction of the Sprocket boosted sales over the 2016 holidays season. So unexpectedly, that the Sprocket sold out. Although the competition is fierce, the Sprocket has edged out competitors to hold a slight market share lead. Based on App downloads, current market share is 38%. After implementation of the marketing plan, the Sprocket is projected to increase market share to 51% by the end of 2018. The Sprocket was originally marketed to the teenage girl demographic. There is a real opportunity for growth by pivoting to additional segments. The Sprocket will be promoted heavily in the category of women with children. This demographic holds the most opportunity, as they are making the majority of buying decisions as well as making gift purchases. The gifting opportunity will be promoted heavily during graduation season and Mother’s Day. To a lesser extent, the Sprocket will continue to be promoted to teenage girls, and additionally to the active senior population. Those seniors who are retired, use a smartphone, but would like to retain physical pictures. The Sprocket will be promoted through social media, with a separate campaign for each segment, as well as through tech fairs, SEO, and traditional advertising channels. The team will monitor these campaigns through a newly created marketing dashboard. In addition to an increase in sales, the marketing department will monitor customer satisfaction and customer engagement through on line reviews and online community engagement. The key success factors will be growth in sales, market share growth, and holiday sales growth. Title: HP Sprocket Marketing Plan Author: Melendez, Alex Tacco, Singh, Anchal, Rosenthal, Janet, Vrushabhendra, Lipishree, Alzahrani, Saeed, Purwar, Shivani Year: 2017 HP Sprocket is a pocket-size photo printer, released in the market in September 2016. About the size of a smartphone, this Bluetooth printer goes anywhere. The Sprocket gives customers the ability to use their smartphone to take photos, with the added benefit of having a physical picture to keep forever. The Sprocket works with an App on a smartphone or a tablet. It instantly prints photos that are 2 X 3 inches and waterproof. With a peel able back, photos can turn into fun stickers. The Sprocket works with social media feeds, so you can incorporate text, emojis, filters and frames before you print. The Sprocket retails for $129.99 and replacement paper is $10 for 20 photo papers. The Sprocket is unique in that it does not require replacement ink. Instead, it uses Zink technology, and only requires the HP replacement photo paper. HP is counting on the Sprocket to boost their lagging printer sales. Currently, the printer market is stagnant. The introduction of the Sprocket boosted sales over the 2016 holidays season. So unexpectedly, that the Sprocket sold out. Although the competition is fierce, the Sprocket has edged out competitors to hold a slight market share lead. Based on App downloads, current market share is 38%. After implementation of the marketing plan, the Sprocket is projected to increase market share to 51% by the end of 2018. The Sprocket was originally marketed to the teenage girl demographic. There is a real opportunity for growth by pivoting to additional segments. The Sprocket will be promoted heavily in the category of women with children. This demographic holds the most opportunity, as they are making the majority of buying decisions as well as making gift purchases. The gifting opportunity will be promoted heavily during graduation season and Mother’s Day. To a lesser extent, the Sprocket will continue to be promoted to teenage girls, and additionally to the active senior population. Those seniors who are retired, use a smartphone, but would like to retain physical pictures. The Sprocket will be promoted through social media, with a separate campaign for each segment, as well as through tech fairs, SEO, and traditional advertising channels. The team will monitor these campaigns through a newly created marketing dashboard. In addition to an increase in sales, the marketing department will monitor customer satisfaction and customer engagement through on line reviews and online community engagement. The key success factors will be growth in sales, market share growth, and holiday sales growth. Close

• 53. [Article] U.S.-E.E.C. trade in kraft linerboard ; a study of current and future U.S. exports and marketing practices

  This study attempts to show that competitive advantage alone does not determine the directions of trade in kraft liner. Trade depends on comparative advantage and especially on familiarity with foreign ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: U.S.-E.E.C. trade in kraft linerboard ; a study of current and future U.S. exports and marketing practices Author: Thevenon, Michel Jean This study attempts to show that competitive advantage alone does not determine the directions of trade in kraft liner. Trade depends on comparative advantage and especially on familiarity with foreign demand. Implications from international trade theories guided this study of trade in kraft liner. Future demand in the E.E.C. for foreign kraft liner was deduced from estimates of corrugated production related to a basic economic indicator in each member country. The competitive advantage of each supplying area-- British Columbia, Eastern Canada, Sweden, Finland and the Southern United States-- was obtained by analyzing production and transportation costs to the E.E.C. The competitive advantage of each supplying area-- defined as the difference between the CIF price and total cost (production plus transportation costs) -- was calculated in order to see if it explained fully past and actual directions of trade. As the U.S. domestic market represents an alternative to export, the possible influence of domestic trade on export was also considered. Marketing efforts developed in the E.E.C. by U.S. firms were used to explain discrepancies between actual trade and that indicated by competitive advantage. A survey of U.S. firms' export marketing practices in the E.E.C. showed that the channel of distribution and product differentiation were important factors in determining trade. The relation between probability, of repeated exports (export loyalty) and sales abroad of U.S. subsidiaries in the pulp and paper industry were shown by use of a Markov chain process. This model was then used to determine the E.E.C.'s future share of U.S. exports of kraft liner. A regression model was developed to formulate relevant economic relationships so as to predict the future level of U.S. exports of kraft liner to the E.E.C. Finally, implications were drawn concerning techniques of export prediction and an appropriate marketing strategy for a potential exporter. Title: U.S.-E.E.C. trade in kraft linerboard ; a study of current and future U.S. exports and marketing practices Author: Thevenon, Michel Jean This study attempts to show that competitive advantage alone does not determine the directions of trade in kraft liner. Trade depends on comparative advantage and especially on familiarity with foreign demand. Implications from international trade theories guided this study of trade in kraft liner. Future demand in the E.E.C. for foreign kraft liner was deduced from estimates of corrugated production related to a basic economic indicator in each member country. The competitive advantage of each supplying area-- British Columbia, Eastern Canada, Sweden, Finland and the Southern United States-- was obtained by analyzing production and transportation costs to the E.E.C. The competitive advantage of each supplying area-- defined as the difference between the CIF price and total cost (production plus transportation costs) -- was calculated in order to see if it explained fully past and actual directions of trade. As the U.S. domestic market represents an alternative to export, the possible influence of domestic trade on export was also considered. Marketing efforts developed in the E.E.C. by U.S. firms were used to explain discrepancies between actual trade and that indicated by competitive advantage. A survey of U.S. firms' export marketing practices in the E.E.C. showed that the channel of distribution and product differentiation were important factors in determining trade. The relation between probability, of repeated exports (export loyalty) and sales abroad of U.S. subsidiaries in the pulp and paper industry were shown by use of a Markov chain process. This model was then used to determine the E.E.C.'s future share of U.S. exports of kraft liner. A regression model was developed to formulate relevant economic relationships so as to predict the future level of U.S. exports of kraft liner to the E.E.C. Finally, implications were drawn concerning techniques of export prediction and an appropriate marketing strategy for a potential exporter. Close

• 54. [Article] Corn marketing in Thailand

  Corn has been produced in Thailand for many years, but it has risen to prominence during the past ten years. By 1960, corn had became the third most important export crop of Thailand. It was exceeded in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Corn marketing in Thailand Author: Konanta, Wikorn Salyajivin Corn has been produced in Thailand for many years, but it has risen to prominence during the past ten years. By 1960, corn had became the third most important export crop of Thailand. It was exceeded in value by only rice and rubber. From 1950 to 1964, Thai corn production had been increasing constantly. The amount of Thai corn export and its value in the same period had been increasing a well. Thai farmers do not often use corn for animal feed because rice is relatively cheaper and more abundant. About 80 percent of the corn produced in Thailand is exported. Due to the growing importance of corn as an earner of foreign exchange, it becomes important to look at the problems encountered by farmers in marketing corn. This study was undertaken (1) to identify the channels through which corn is marketed in Thailand, (2) to determine the production and export potential for Thailand corn and (3) to investigate the various problems being faced by corn farmers in the domestic and the export markets. The harvested corn is often dried and shelled on the farm or in small towns, from where it is transported to the important center of marketing. Barges and trucks are the most important modes of transportation in Thailand, though some corn is also shipped by railroad. Most corn merchants in Changwads (provinces) buy corn at the corn farms and convey it to Bangkok by truck or boat to sell to the corn merchants and exporters. The most important sources of price information for Thailand corn farmers is provincial merchants, other sources being neighbors, radios, newspapers and settlement officers. Most Thai corn is exported to Japan, the rest going to Malaysia, Singapore, N. Borneo, Hong-Kong and Penang. Thailand has made many contracts for export of corn with Japan from time to time to stabilize the trade with that country. The potential for future increases in Thai corn production and export apparently are excellent. The government of Thailand is trying to increase the corn export potential in many countries through their representatives, by advertising Thai goods and by publishing the Thai Export Bulletin. Title: Corn marketing in Thailand Author: Konanta, Wikorn Salyajivin Corn has been produced in Thailand for many years, but it has risen to prominence during the past ten years. By 1960, corn had became the third most important export crop of Thailand. It was exceeded in value by only rice and rubber. From 1950 to 1964, Thai corn production had been increasing constantly. The amount of Thai corn export and its value in the same period had been increasing a well. Thai farmers do not often use corn for animal feed because rice is relatively cheaper and more abundant. About 80 percent of the corn produced in Thailand is exported. Due to the growing importance of corn as an earner of foreign exchange, it becomes important to look at the problems encountered by farmers in marketing corn. This study was undertaken (1) to identify the channels through which corn is marketed in Thailand, (2) to determine the production and export potential for Thailand corn and (3) to investigate the various problems being faced by corn farmers in the domestic and the export markets. The harvested corn is often dried and shelled on the farm or in small towns, from where it is transported to the important center of marketing. Barges and trucks are the most important modes of transportation in Thailand, though some corn is also shipped by railroad. Most corn merchants in Changwads (provinces) buy corn at the corn farms and convey it to Bangkok by truck or boat to sell to the corn merchants and exporters. The most important sources of price information for Thailand corn farmers is provincial merchants, other sources being neighbors, radios, newspapers and settlement officers. Most Thai corn is exported to Japan, the rest going to Malaysia, Singapore, N. Borneo, Hong-Kong and Penang. Thailand has made many contracts for export of corn with Japan from time to time to stabilize the trade with that country. The potential for future increases in Thai corn production and export apparently are excellent. The government of Thailand is trying to increase the corn export potential in many countries through their representatives, by advertising Thai goods and by publishing the Thai Export Bulletin. Close

• 55. [Article] Honeywell Lyric WiFi Water Leak and Freeze Detector

  We are pleased to present the strategic marketing plan for the Lyric WiFi Water Leak and Freeze Detector, manufactured by Honeywell, Inc. Honeywell is a $38.6B global company that provides value-added ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Honeywell Lyric WiFi Water Leak and Freeze Detector Author: Chabuel, Cyrille, Davis, Chris, Penumarti, Anjana, Tripathy, Sudipta, VanDerSchaaf, Hans Year: 2016 We are pleased to present the strategic marketing plan for the Lyric WiFi Water Leak and Freeze Detector, manufactured by Honeywell, Inc. Honeywell is a $38.6B global company that provides value-added products and market changing innovations. Our extensive intellectual property portfolio generates competitive advantages for us and our customers. Our key product groups include Aerospace, Automation & Control Solutions (where the Lyric family resides; ACS) and Performance Materials and Technologies. Honeywell is well positioned for supporting the introduction and growth of the Leak Detector, with $40B in annual company sales, and a 50% increase in earnings per share over the past five years. The Leak Detector is an early warning system that notifies customers on their connected devices when a leak is detected or the temperature drops below a temperature of their choice. By catching a leak early, customers can avoid expensive repairs and disruptions to their lives. We are realistically optimistic about the revenue and profit potential of the Leak Detector. It sits in the Internet of Things (IoT) market, which is projected to grow at a compound annual rate of 67% over the next 5 years to a whopping $792.34 billion. In 2016 connected home device sales within this market will be approximately $61 billion. Our target market (Service Obtainable Market) consists of homeowners under the age of 40 who live in houses with WiFI, have hard to reach places in their primary or secondary homes, are motivated to prevent water leaks (largely based on past experiences with leaks), have recently acquired houses or are renovating their existing houses, and have an affinity for relatively new technology. We estimate by the end of year 3, we can capture 50% of this market and sell 4.5M Leak Detector units annually, generating $320M in total annual sales and annual profits of $63M. We are also optimistic because the Leak Detector is a strong competitor, due to the strength of the Lyric and Honeywell brands, and its wifi capabilities. In the next three years, we will cross the chasm from early adopters to the early majority by enhancing the development of our product (e.g. connecting better to an ecosystem), innovating in our manufacturing to reduce the unit price, and by distributing through the right channels (directly to customers, popular online retailers, home improvement retailers, and influencers, such as insurance companies, plumbers and major appliance retailers). Title: Honeywell Lyric WiFi Water Leak and Freeze Detector Author: Chabuel, Cyrille, Davis, Chris, Penumarti, Anjana, Tripathy, Sudipta, VanDerSchaaf, Hans Year: 2016 We are pleased to present the strategic marketing plan for the Lyric WiFi Water Leak and Freeze Detector, manufactured by Honeywell, Inc. Honeywell is a $38.6B global company that provides value-added products and market changing innovations. Our extensive intellectual property portfolio generates competitive advantages for us and our customers. Our key product groups include Aerospace, Automation & Control Solutions (where the Lyric family resides; ACS) and Performance Materials and Technologies. Honeywell is well positioned for supporting the introduction and growth of the Leak Detector, with $40B in annual company sales, and a 50% increase in earnings per share over the past five years. The Leak Detector is an early warning system that notifies customers on their connected devices when a leak is detected or the temperature drops below a temperature of their choice. By catching a leak early, customers can avoid expensive repairs and disruptions to their lives. We are realistically optimistic about the revenue and profit potential of the Leak Detector. It sits in the Internet of Things (IoT) market, which is projected to grow at a compound annual rate of 67% over the next 5 years to a whopping $792.34 billion. In 2016 connected home device sales within this market will be approximately $61 billion. Our target market (Service Obtainable Market) consists of homeowners under the age of 40 who live in houses with WiFI, have hard to reach places in their primary or secondary homes, are motivated to prevent water leaks (largely based on past experiences with leaks), have recently acquired houses or are renovating their existing houses, and have an affinity for relatively new technology. We estimate by the end of year 3, we can capture 50% of this market and sell 4.5M Leak Detector units annually, generating $320M in total annual sales and annual profits of $63M. We are also optimistic because the Leak Detector is a strong competitor, due to the strength of the Lyric and Honeywell brands, and its wifi capabilities. In the next three years, we will cross the chasm from early adopters to the early majority by enhancing the development of our product (e.g. connecting better to an ecosystem), innovating in our manufacturing to reduce the unit price, and by distributing through the right channels (directly to customers, popular online retailers, home improvement retailers, and influencers, such as insurance companies, plumbers and major appliance retailers). Close

• 56. [Article] A Look into the Future of Wireless Mobile Communication Technologies

  The number of wireless mobile communication service subscribers has reached 4.6 billion worldwide in 2009, and mobile revenues are expected to be over $1 trillion around 2012 according to the International ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Look into the Future of Wireless Mobile Communication Technologies Author: Kim, Jisun, Daim, Tugrul Unsal, Anderson, Timothy R. Year: 2010 The number of wireless mobile communication service subscribers has reached 4.6 billion worldwide in 2009, and mobile revenues are expected to be over $1 trillion around 2012 according to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) (ITU, 2010). A significant number of studies have been done to forecast the growing market and evaluate the new generation technology, the Beyond 3 Generation (B3G). However, there is no study forecasting when any of these new technologies will be commercialized. This paper presents a technical framework for forecasting the commercialization timeline of B3G technologies and provides insight on technology trajectories from 1G to 4G. The results show that a combination of technical parameters can explain heterogeneous wireless mobile communication technologies. Three parameters selected include channel bandwidth, channel bit rate, and data capacity for technical framework. Title: A Look into the Future of Wireless Mobile Communication Technologies Author: Kim, Jisun, Daim, Tugrul Unsal, Anderson, Timothy R. Year: 2010 The number of wireless mobile communication service subscribers has reached 4.6 billion worldwide in 2009, and mobile revenues are expected to be over $1 trillion around 2012 according to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) (ITU, 2010). A significant number of studies have been done to forecast the growing market and evaluate the new generation technology, the Beyond 3 Generation (B3G). However, there is no study forecasting when any of these new technologies will be commercialized. This paper presents a technical framework for forecasting the commercialization timeline of B3G technologies and provides insight on technology trajectories from 1G to 4G. The results show that a combination of technical parameters can explain heterogeneous wireless mobile communication technologies. Three parameters selected include channel bandwidth, channel bit rate, and data capacity for technical framework. Close

• 57. [Article] Farmed fish in European seafood consumption: perception versus numbers

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Farmed fish in European seafood consumption: perception versus numbers Author: Paquotte, Philippe Research Paper Title: Farmed fish in European seafood consumption: perception versus numbers Author: Paquotte, Philippe Research Paper Close

• 58. [Article] Food distribution channel overview : a guide for new manufacturers

  Published December 2006. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Food distribution channel overview : a guide for new manufacturers Author: Johnson, Aaron J., Oregon State University. Extension Service, Beaman, Jill A. Published December 2006. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Food distribution channel overview : a guide for new manufacturers Author: Johnson, Aaron J., Oregon State University. Extension Service, Beaman, Jill A. Published December 2006. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 59. [Article] Insights Into the Political (dis)Economy of Lake Nasser Fishery Development

  About 8000 fishers are operating today in the Lake Nasser’s fishery (Egypt) and the annual official landing varies between 12,000 and 15,000 tons. Despite this relatively modest importance, the Egyptian ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Insights Into the Political (dis)Economy of Lake Nasser Fishery Development Author: Habib, Olfat Anwar, Béné, Chris About 8000 fishers are operating today in the Lake Nasser’s fishery (Egypt) and the annual official landing varies between 12,000 and 15,000 tons. Despite this relatively modest importance, the Egyptian authority decided to embark in a reform of the Lake Nasser fishery in the early 2000s. The objective of the present article is to analyze the evolution of this reform. For this, we use a political economy perspective. Our analysis shows that, while some major institutional changes have undeniably resulted from the reform, those have little to do with a ‘liberalisation’ as conventionally understood in neoclassical literature. Instead, the new status quo that resulted from the reorganization of the fishery turns out to be one where the central government and its parastatal agencies have managed to maintain their existing advantages. This failure to reform the system led the fishers and fish traders to develop a massive parallel smuggling ‘industry’ (black market) which trades a substantial amount of fish through unofficial channels. Title: Insights Into the Political (dis)Economy of Lake Nasser Fishery Development Author: Habib, Olfat Anwar, Béné, Chris About 8000 fishers are operating today in the Lake Nasser’s fishery (Egypt) and the annual official landing varies between 12,000 and 15,000 tons. Despite this relatively modest importance, the Egyptian authority decided to embark in a reform of the Lake Nasser fishery in the early 2000s. The objective of the present article is to analyze the evolution of this reform. For this, we use a political economy perspective. Our analysis shows that, while some major institutional changes have undeniably resulted from the reform, those have little to do with a ‘liberalisation’ as conventionally understood in neoclassical literature. Instead, the new status quo that resulted from the reorganization of the fishery turns out to be one where the central government and its parastatal agencies have managed to maintain their existing advantages. This failure to reform the system led the fishers and fish traders to develop a massive parallel smuggling ‘industry’ (black market) which trades a substantial amount of fish through unofficial channels. Close

• 60. [Article] Improving the Quality of Fishing Products and Fishermen's Income, Economic Incentives and Fishing Strategies

  In the early 1990s, the crisis of the fishing industry resulted in both economic and human tragedies. Drawing conclusions from the crisis the fishing fleets experienced at that time, some groups of producers ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Improving the Quality of Fishing Products and Fishermen's Income, Economic Incentives and Fishing Strategies Author: Charles, Erwan, Paquotte, Philippe, Boude, Jean Pierre Year: 2001 In the early 1990s, the crisis of the fishing industry resulted in both economic and human tragedies. Drawing conclusions from the crisis the fishing fleets experienced at that time, some groups of producers started to think of better enhancement of their production. Since then, they have tried to adapt their production to market demand. This has led them to set up quality initiatives (Brittany Quality Sea food, Brittany headland anglers, etc…), thus promoting their savoir-faire, the freshness certification, or the improvements in the quality of their products. Based on two field surveys (185 fishing boat skipper-owners from Channel harbours - from Brest to Boulogne - for the first, and 50 skippers working along the coasts of Brittany for the second were questioned), this paper first analyses how skippers consider enhancement initiatives, and whether they wish to get involved in such programs. In the second part, based on a cost-benefit analysis, we focus on the impact of these steps on the fishermen’s incomes. Finally, the paper studies the way these approaches affect the fishing practices of these fleets i.e. the incentives thus created for them, in view to change their fishing strategy: to which extent would a better valorisation of production could combine with increased income for fishermen with better management of fisheries resources? Title: Improving the Quality of Fishing Products and Fishermen's Income, Economic Incentives and Fishing Strategies Author: Charles, Erwan, Paquotte, Philippe, Boude, Jean Pierre Year: 2001 In the early 1990s, the crisis of the fishing industry resulted in both economic and human tragedies. Drawing conclusions from the crisis the fishing fleets experienced at that time, some groups of producers started to think of better enhancement of their production. Since then, they have tried to adapt their production to market demand. This has led them to set up quality initiatives (Brittany Quality Sea food, Brittany headland anglers, etc…), thus promoting their savoir-faire, the freshness certification, or the improvements in the quality of their products. Based on two field surveys (185 fishing boat skipper-owners from Channel harbours - from Brest to Boulogne - for the first, and 50 skippers working along the coasts of Brittany for the second were questioned), this paper first analyses how skippers consider enhancement initiatives, and whether they wish to get involved in such programs. In the second part, based on a cost-benefit analysis, we focus on the impact of these steps on the fishermen’s incomes. Finally, the paper studies the way these approaches affect the fishing practices of these fleets i.e. the incentives thus created for them, in view to change their fishing strategy: to which extent would a better valorisation of production could combine with increased income for fishermen with better management of fisheries resources? Close

• 61. [Article] Structural Changes in Russian Seafood Consumption: An Econometric Analysis of Regional Herring Product Demand

  Russia is experiencing deep structural changes in many areas. For the seafood industry important developments are large increases in household incomes, development of modern super- and hypermarket distribution ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Structural Changes in Russian Seafood Consumption: An Econometric Analysis of Regional Herring Product Demand Author: Lien, Kristin, Tveteras, Sigbjørn, Tveteras, Ragnar Russia is experiencing deep structural changes in many areas. For the seafood industry important developments are large increases in household incomes, development of modern super- and hypermarket distribution channels, and product innovations. In the seafood category consumers are adopting new species and new product forms at a rapid rate. Herring is one of the species that is experiencing these changes. The dominant product form has traditionally been whole salted herring, typically sold at open markets. Herring sold in the traditional unprocessed form has been a protein source for poor people, consumed at home. But more processed and expensive product forms that are distributed through modern distribution channels have increased their market share during the data period. We employ a panel data set on monthly per capita demand for different herring products in six Russian regions, from unprocessed to value added products, to test hypotheses on the structure of herring consumption. We estimate dynamic panel data demand systems, with region-specific estimates of price and income elasticities. The six regions in the data set have large differences in average per capita income. Our econometric estimates indicate significant structural regional differences in per capita consumption of different products, also after controlling for income differences. We find that whole herring is generally an inferior good, whereas fillet herring products tend to be normal goods. This suggests that if incomes continue to increase, consumption will shift further from unprocessed to value added herring products. Title: Structural Changes in Russian Seafood Consumption: An Econometric Analysis of Regional Herring Product Demand Author: Lien, Kristin, Tveteras, Sigbjørn, Tveteras, Ragnar Russia is experiencing deep structural changes in many areas. For the seafood industry important developments are large increases in household incomes, development of modern super- and hypermarket distribution channels, and product innovations. In the seafood category consumers are adopting new species and new product forms at a rapid rate. Herring is one of the species that is experiencing these changes. The dominant product form has traditionally been whole salted herring, typically sold at open markets. Herring sold in the traditional unprocessed form has been a protein source for poor people, consumed at home. But more processed and expensive product forms that are distributed through modern distribution channels have increased their market share during the data period. We employ a panel data set on monthly per capita demand for different herring products in six Russian regions, from unprocessed to value added products, to test hypotheses on the structure of herring consumption. We estimate dynamic panel data demand systems, with region-specific estimates of price and income elasticities. The six regions in the data set have large differences in average per capita income. Our econometric estimates indicate significant structural regional differences in per capita consumption of different products, also after controlling for income differences. We find that whole herring is generally an inferior good, whereas fillet herring products tend to be normal goods. This suggests that if incomes continue to increase, consumption will shift further from unprocessed to value added herring products. Close

• 62. [Article] Trade Between An Agricultural and An Industrial Region in Textile Industry

  Companies should be conscious of optimization of their production and distribution channels for their products. Our purpose is to maximize the profit of a company which deals with such problems. A linear ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trade Between An Agricultural and An Industrial Region in Textile Industry Author: Defcioglu, Niso, Gallant, Francois, Wei, Lei Year: 1990 Companies should be conscious of optimization of their production and distribution channels for their products. Our purpose is to maximize the profit of a company which deals with such problems. A linear programming model has been implemented for the distribution system to provide optimal operating supply routes. The model simply considers a company with two textile factories manufacturing five identical products in two different areas ("Area" means both market and local suppliers). Sensitivity analysis has been used to improve the earnings of the company and to determine whether the company could handle economic changes. Title: Trade Between An Agricultural and An Industrial Region in Textile Industry Author: Defcioglu, Niso, Gallant, Francois, Wei, Lei Year: 1990 Companies should be conscious of optimization of their production and distribution channels for their products. Our purpose is to maximize the profit of a company which deals with such problems. A linear programming model has been implemented for the distribution system to provide optimal operating supply routes. The model simply considers a company with two textile factories manufacturing five identical products in two different areas ("Area" means both market and local suppliers). Sensitivity analysis has been used to improve the earnings of the company and to determine whether the company could handle economic changes. Close

• 63. [Article] Marketing Plan: Philips Mimo Baby Monitor

  Parents will use any and all means to protect their infants, and would want the peace of mind of knowing that their baby is safe against dangers like SIDS, choking, crib dangers, and others. Supporting ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Marketing Plan: Philips Mimo Baby Monitor Author: Mbagwu, Obinna Charles, Chen, Gordon, Mirza, Imran, Alballa, Norah, Patil, Prajakta, Hemayet, Tauseef Year: 2016 Parents will use any and all means to protect their infants, and would want the peace of mind of knowing that their baby is safe against dangers like SIDS, choking, crib dangers, and others. Supporting their mission “To improve people’s lives through meaningful innovation”, Philips has developed Mimo, a smart and accurate baby monitor that helps moms and dads get the reassurance they need to rest better. Mimo Smart Baby Monitor provides all the information parents want, whenever they want, and wherever they are in the world. The monitor is a machine washable outfit with respiration sensors that provides a constant stream of data about a baby’s sleep activity, breathing pattern, body position, skin temperature, and live audio, sent to an iPhone, iPad, or Android, and in realtime. The sensors do not actually touch the baby’s sensitive skin to make it safer. Mimo’s main targeted customers are first time parents who tend to be more concerned about infants health and needs, and busy parents who need to rest better at night in order to be more effective during the workday. Conjoint Analysis was used to figure out the customer needs; Mimo aims to meet those needs at a lower price point compared to the competitors. Philip’s direct and indirect channels of distribution that exists in different parts of the world will be leveraged on in the distribution of the product. In addition, multiple media outlets such as social media, television, and baby magazines, will be used to achieve the needed level of reach and awareness. We are forecasting to capture 30% of baby monitor’s market by the end of 2020. Title: Marketing Plan: Philips Mimo Baby Monitor Author: Mbagwu, Obinna Charles, Chen, Gordon, Mirza, Imran, Alballa, Norah, Patil, Prajakta, Hemayet, Tauseef Year: 2016 Parents will use any and all means to protect their infants, and would want the peace of mind of knowing that their baby is safe against dangers like SIDS, choking, crib dangers, and others. Supporting their mission “To improve people’s lives through meaningful innovation”, Philips has developed Mimo, a smart and accurate baby monitor that helps moms and dads get the reassurance they need to rest better. Mimo Smart Baby Monitor provides all the information parents want, whenever they want, and wherever they are in the world. The monitor is a machine washable outfit with respiration sensors that provides a constant stream of data about a baby’s sleep activity, breathing pattern, body position, skin temperature, and live audio, sent to an iPhone, iPad, or Android, and in realtime. The sensors do not actually touch the baby’s sensitive skin to make it safer. Mimo’s main targeted customers are first time parents who tend to be more concerned about infants health and needs, and busy parents who need to rest better at night in order to be more effective during the workday. Conjoint Analysis was used to figure out the customer needs; Mimo aims to meet those needs at a lower price point compared to the competitors. Philip’s direct and indirect channels of distribution that exists in different parts of the world will be leveraged on in the distribution of the product. In addition, multiple media outlets such as social media, television, and baby magazines, will be used to achieve the needed level of reach and awareness. We are forecasting to capture 30% of baby monitor’s market by the end of 2020. Close

• 64. [Article] Distribution Channel of Exported Whiteleg Shrimp in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Distribution Channel of Exported Whiteleg Shrimp in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam Author: Nguyen, Tram Anh, Jolly, Curtis, Bui, Chuong Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Distribution Channel of Exported Whiteleg Shrimp in Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam Author: Nguyen, Tram Anh, Jolly, Curtis, Bui, Chuong Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 65. [Article] Using quality function deployment to achieve a market orientation : an application with wood products companies

  This document presents a new method for improving the market orientation of companies. In that regard, I developed a new Quality Function Deployment application (QFD), which compares customer needs with ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Using quality function deployment to achieve a market orientation : an application with wood products companies Author: Wagner, Ernesto R. This document presents a new method for improving the market orientation of companies. In that regard, I developed a new Quality Function Deployment application (QFD), which compares customer needs with company competitive advantages, in order to determine those advantages that best satisfy customer wants and needs. The methodology was applied to the wood products industry. Companies from this industry are facing a new competitive environment, with challenges from overseas companies, fierce competition from substitute products, concentrated channel power from big box retailers, and the lobby of environmental groups, to name a few. Wood product companies, traditionally production and cost-driven, would really benefit of an effective method for improving their customer orientation, while keeping an eye on substitute materials. The study is cross-cultural including the US and Chile. The first put of the study included 37 qualitative interviews and almost 1300 mail questionnaires targeting architects of both countries, selected as key customers of the wood products industry. The second part of the study consisted of interviews with top wood products company executives. I performed 8 interviews in Chile and 35 in the US. The sample covered 37% of the US annual sales of wood products. The interviews provided the competitive advantages of the companies. Finally, an expert team assisted in developing a new QFD application, which used the results of both the architect and the company study. I determined that architects of both countries are rather similar: they are concerned about the diminishing quality of wood materials and they appreciate "honest" materials (the material is what it seems to be). The two groups differ with respect to environmental issues, which are far less important for Chilean than for U.S. architects. The results suggest a focus on product and business innovation by US wood products companies, as these topics present great potential for improvement. US companies should also become more global, as this characteristic allows a better customer focus and an improved competitive position. Chilean companies should focus their efforts in all types of innovation, and not rely only on their current low-cost producer advantage. Title: Using quality function deployment to achieve a market orientation : an application with wood products companies Author: Wagner, Ernesto R. This document presents a new method for improving the market orientation of companies. In that regard, I developed a new Quality Function Deployment application (QFD), which compares customer needs with company competitive advantages, in order to determine those advantages that best satisfy customer wants and needs. The methodology was applied to the wood products industry. Companies from this industry are facing a new competitive environment, with challenges from overseas companies, fierce competition from substitute products, concentrated channel power from big box retailers, and the lobby of environmental groups, to name a few. Wood product companies, traditionally production and cost-driven, would really benefit of an effective method for improving their customer orientation, while keeping an eye on substitute materials. The study is cross-cultural including the US and Chile. The first put of the study included 37 qualitative interviews and almost 1300 mail questionnaires targeting architects of both countries, selected as key customers of the wood products industry. The second part of the study consisted of interviews with top wood products company executives. I performed 8 interviews in Chile and 35 in the US. The sample covered 37% of the US annual sales of wood products. The interviews provided the competitive advantages of the companies. Finally, an expert team assisted in developing a new QFD application, which used the results of both the architect and the company study. I determined that architects of both countries are rather similar: they are concerned about the diminishing quality of wood materials and they appreciate "honest" materials (the material is what it seems to be). The two groups differ with respect to environmental issues, which are far less important for Chilean than for U.S. architects. The results suggest a focus on product and business innovation by US wood products companies, as these topics present great potential for improvement. US companies should also become more global, as this characteristic allows a better customer focus and an improved competitive position. Chilean companies should focus their efforts in all types of innovation, and not rely only on their current low-cost producer advantage. Close

• 66. [Article] Fish Sustainability information Schemes: A Global Comparative Assessment and their Implications

  This paper presents the findings of an 18 months global review of organisations providing sustainable fisheries information to consumers and other channel intermediaries completed in December 2009*. The ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish Sustainability information Schemes: A Global Comparative Assessment and their Implications Author: Horvat, Peter, Abel, Rigmor, Parkes, Graeme, Lem, Audun, Harman, Jon, Macfarlane, Alastair, Nolan, Conor, Walmsley, Suzannah, Mens, Maarten, Young, James A. This paper presents the findings of an 18 months global review of organisations providing sustainable fisheries information to consumers and other channel intermediaries completed in December 2009*. The project was managed by a consortium of nine organisations involved with seafood, the Fish Sustainability Information Group (FSIG), from around the world incorporating FAO. The review examined the key organisations that analyse, assess and provide data, guidance, disseminate and otherwise communicate on the sustainability of world fisheries and aquaculture to retailers, foodservice sectors, consumers and others. The methodology engaged through interviews the 17 organisations considered to be representative of those involved in leading seafood sustainability communications, in addition to web-site data gathered from a broader sample. Evaluation of the various respective communications was made regarding accuracy, scientific robustness and relevance. The data analysis presents a hitherto unique scope of comparison of the governance procedures and output of the world’s most significant organisations supplying seafood sustainability information.The paper then considers the implications of this analysis noting the respective merits and demerits of the two key categories identified: certification schemes and recommendation lists. Particular emphasis is placed upon how such instruments might improve in future with respect to seven critical criteria identified. The findings are then contextualised within current and emergent policy measures in both capture fisheries and aquaculture. The paper concludes with some prospective consideration of how such communications might become more efficient and effective in an era of increasingly complex measures received by audiences subjected to evermore complicated market signals. Title: Fish Sustainability information Schemes: A Global Comparative Assessment and their Implications Author: Horvat, Peter, Abel, Rigmor, Parkes, Graeme, Lem, Audun, Harman, Jon, Macfarlane, Alastair, Nolan, Conor, Walmsley, Suzannah, Mens, Maarten, Young, James A. This paper presents the findings of an 18 months global review of organisations providing sustainable fisheries information to consumers and other channel intermediaries completed in December 2009*. The project was managed by a consortium of nine organisations involved with seafood, the Fish Sustainability Information Group (FSIG), from around the world incorporating FAO. The review examined the key organisations that analyse, assess and provide data, guidance, disseminate and otherwise communicate on the sustainability of world fisheries and aquaculture to retailers, foodservice sectors, consumers and others. The methodology engaged through interviews the 17 organisations considered to be representative of those involved in leading seafood sustainability communications, in addition to web-site data gathered from a broader sample. Evaluation of the various respective communications was made regarding accuracy, scientific robustness and relevance. The data analysis presents a hitherto unique scope of comparison of the governance procedures and output of the world’s most significant organisations supplying seafood sustainability information.The paper then considers the implications of this analysis noting the respective merits and demerits of the two key categories identified: certification schemes and recommendation lists. Particular emphasis is placed upon how such instruments might improve in future with respect to seven critical criteria identified. The findings are then contextualised within current and emergent policy measures in both capture fisheries and aquaculture. The paper concludes with some prospective consideration of how such communications might become more efficient and effective in an era of increasingly complex measures received by audiences subjected to evermore complicated market signals. Close

• 67. [Article] Technological Changes, Market Structure and Harvest of a Local Pool Resource

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Technological Changes, Market Structure and Harvest of a Local Pool Resource Author: Skonhoft, Anders Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Technological Changes, Market Structure and Harvest of a Local Pool Resource Author: Skonhoft, Anders Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 68. [Article] Multi-factor information theory models and their industrial applications

  This dissertation treats information theory and its applications to the general area of decision making. Specifically, three areas are covered; (1) information theory applied to Bayesian analysis, (2) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Multi-factor information theory models and their industrial applications Author: Shirland, Larry Elwyn This dissertation treats information theory and its applications to the general area of decision making. Specifically, three areas are covered; (1) information theory applied to Bayesian analysis, (2) estimation using multi-factor information channel models, and (3) information theory applied to Markov chain analysis. A major portion of this dissertation concerns the concept of conditional information which occurs as the result of the transmission of information for an experiment (Z) when the outcomes of another experiment (Y) are known. The gain in information is measured by computing the difference between the information transmitted when one set of values is known for an experiment, and another set obtained when certain experimental parameters are allowed to vary. When only one set of experimental results is available, the information gain is computed as the difference between the transmitted information under the experimental conditions and the information transmitted assuming complete uncertainty. The latter is characterized by the condition which results when the events of the experiment are considered to be equally likely. The information theory technique appears to be especially useful in the area of sampling. The cost of gathering information may be balanced against management's willingness to pay for the information in order to arrive at an optimal number of events to sample for a particular experiment. Utilizing the concept of conditional information and information gain, estimates may be made by applying a multi-factor information channel analysis. In order to obtain the maximum amount of information from a sampling experiment, it may be desired to predict the strategies one should use. A case study is presented in which a research questionnaire was sent to prospective customers of several manufacturers of crushing and grinding equipment in an attempt to determine a particular company's standing with respect to its "image" and "progressiveness." The results of five specific questions were analyzed by the information theory approach in an attempt to predict the market shares for each of five companies. The information theory analysis showed that each of the five questions could be used independently as a market share predictor. This suggests that a person may subconsciously possess a pre-conceived opinion of a company which affects his answer to a specific question about that company. A matrix method based on the work of Muroga (1959) is presented for solving multi-factor information channel problems. In order to solve a problem of this type it is easiest to first ignore the existence of non-positive solutions and solve the information maximization equations accordingly. If a non-positive solution occurs, one or more restrictions may then be imposed in order to force only positive values on the final solution. Non-positive solutions indicate that the maximum information gain occurs outside the realm of permissible values. The solution, then, involves maximizing the information gain while insuring that the probability of each event of the experiment is positive. A multi-factor information theory analysis is applied to Markov chain problems in order to estimate at what point stochastic equilibrium occurs. This result is especially useful for computer simulations of Markov chains in which the equilibrium condition is of prime importance. By first employing the information theory analysis, the simulation may be started at or near stochastic equilibrium, thereby reducing the costs of unnecessary calculations during the transitional stages of the process. The information theory analysis shows that at least in some practical problems, stochastic equilibrium will not occur for a long period of time. In many applications, the transitional stages are of more interest than the steady-state conditions. Current research points to several areas for further investigation. Models to allow for the heterogeneity among consumers, means to identify and quantify the important factors in a multi-factor information theory model, and learning models offer unique challenges for future research. Also included in this dissertation is a computer program for solving any one-factor, two-factor or multi-factor information theory problem. A table of values for 1, 2, 3, or 4 levels of a one-factor model is also given. Title: Multi-factor information theory models and their industrial applications Author: Shirland, Larry Elwyn This dissertation treats information theory and its applications to the general area of decision making. Specifically, three areas are covered; (1) information theory applied to Bayesian analysis, (2) estimation using multi-factor information channel models, and (3) information theory applied to Markov chain analysis. A major portion of this dissertation concerns the concept of conditional information which occurs as the result of the transmission of information for an experiment (Z) when the outcomes of another experiment (Y) are known. The gain in information is measured by computing the difference between the information transmitted when one set of values is known for an experiment, and another set obtained when certain experimental parameters are allowed to vary. When only one set of experimental results is available, the information gain is computed as the difference between the transmitted information under the experimental conditions and the information transmitted assuming complete uncertainty. The latter is characterized by the condition which results when the events of the experiment are considered to be equally likely. The information theory technique appears to be especially useful in the area of sampling. The cost of gathering information may be balanced against management's willingness to pay for the information in order to arrive at an optimal number of events to sample for a particular experiment. Utilizing the concept of conditional information and information gain, estimates may be made by applying a multi-factor information channel analysis. In order to obtain the maximum amount of information from a sampling experiment, it may be desired to predict the strategies one should use. A case study is presented in which a research questionnaire was sent to prospective customers of several manufacturers of crushing and grinding equipment in an attempt to determine a particular company's standing with respect to its "image" and "progressiveness." The results of five specific questions were analyzed by the information theory approach in an attempt to predict the market shares for each of five companies. The information theory analysis showed that each of the five questions could be used independently as a market share predictor. This suggests that a person may subconsciously possess a pre-conceived opinion of a company which affects his answer to a specific question about that company. A matrix method based on the work of Muroga (1959) is presented for solving multi-factor information channel problems. In order to solve a problem of this type it is easiest to first ignore the existence of non-positive solutions and solve the information maximization equations accordingly. If a non-positive solution occurs, one or more restrictions may then be imposed in order to force only positive values on the final solution. Non-positive solutions indicate that the maximum information gain occurs outside the realm of permissible values. The solution, then, involves maximizing the information gain while insuring that the probability of each event of the experiment is positive. A multi-factor information theory analysis is applied to Markov chain problems in order to estimate at what point stochastic equilibrium occurs. This result is especially useful for computer simulations of Markov chains in which the equilibrium condition is of prime importance. By first employing the information theory analysis, the simulation may be started at or near stochastic equilibrium, thereby reducing the costs of unnecessary calculations during the transitional stages of the process. The information theory analysis shows that at least in some practical problems, stochastic equilibrium will not occur for a long period of time. In many applications, the transitional stages are of more interest than the steady-state conditions. Current research points to several areas for further investigation. Models to allow for the heterogeneity among consumers, means to identify and quantify the important factors in a multi-factor information theory model, and learning models offer unique challenges for future research. Also included in this dissertation is a computer program for solving any one-factor, two-factor or multi-factor information theory problem. A table of values for 1, 2, 3, or 4 levels of a one-factor model is also given. Close

• 69. [Article] Killing the Messenger: A Survey of Public Relations Practitioners and Organizational Response to Whistleblowing after Sarbanes-Oxley

  xviii, 197 p.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Killing the Messenger: A Survey of Public Relations Practitioners and Organizational Response to Whistleblowing after Sarbanes-Oxley Author: Greenwood, Cary A. Year: 2012, 2011 xviii, 197 p. Title: Killing the Messenger: A Survey of Public Relations Practitioners and Organizational Response to Whistleblowing after Sarbanes-Oxley Author: Greenwood, Cary A. Year: 2012, 2011 xviii, 197 p. Close

• 70. [Article] The Financial Crisis, Rethinking of the Global Financial Architecture, and the Trilemma

  This paper extends our previous paper (Aizenman, Chinn, and Ito 2008) and explores some of the unexplored questions. First, we examine the channels through which the trilemma policy configurations affect ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Financial Crisis, Rethinking of the Global Financial Architecture, and the Trilemma Author: Aizenman, Joshua, Chinn, Menzie David, Ito, Hiro Year: 2010 This paper extends our previous paper (Aizenman, Chinn, and Ito 2008) and explores some of the unexplored questions. First, we examine the channels through which the trilemma policy configurations affect output volatility. Secondly, we investigate how trilemma policy configurations affect the output performance of the economies under severe crisis situations. Thirdly, we look into how trilemma configurations have evolved in the aftermath of economic crises in the past. We find that trilemma policy configurations and external finances affect output volatility mainly through the investment channel. While a higher degree of exchange rate stability could stabilize the real exchange rate movement, it could also make investment volatile, though the volatility-enhancing effect of exchange rate stability on investment can be cancelled by holding higher levels of international reserves (IR). Greater financial openness helps reduce real exchange rate volatility. These results indicate that policymakers in a more open economy would prefer pursuing greater exchange rate stability and greater financial openness while holding a massive amount of IR. We also find that the “crisis economies” could end up with smaller output losses if they entered the crisis situation with more stable exchange rates or if they continue to hold a high level of IR and maintain greater exchange rate stability during the crisis period. Lastly, we find that developing countries are often found to have decreased the level of monetary independence and financial openness, but increased the level of exchange rate stability in the aftermath of a crisis, especially for the last two decades. This finding indicates how vulnerable developing countries, especially emerging market ones, are to volatile capital flows as a result of global financial liberalization. Title: The Financial Crisis, Rethinking of the Global Financial Architecture, and the Trilemma Author: Aizenman, Joshua, Chinn, Menzie David, Ito, Hiro Year: 2010 This paper extends our previous paper (Aizenman, Chinn, and Ito 2008) and explores some of the unexplored questions. First, we examine the channels through which the trilemma policy configurations affect output volatility. Secondly, we investigate how trilemma policy configurations affect the output performance of the economies under severe crisis situations. Thirdly, we look into how trilemma configurations have evolved in the aftermath of economic crises in the past. We find that trilemma policy configurations and external finances affect output volatility mainly through the investment channel. While a higher degree of exchange rate stability could stabilize the real exchange rate movement, it could also make investment volatile, though the volatility-enhancing effect of exchange rate stability on investment can be cancelled by holding higher levels of international reserves (IR). Greater financial openness helps reduce real exchange rate volatility. These results indicate that policymakers in a more open economy would prefer pursuing greater exchange rate stability and greater financial openness while holding a massive amount of IR. We also find that the “crisis economies” could end up with smaller output losses if they entered the crisis situation with more stable exchange rates or if they continue to hold a high level of IR and maintain greater exchange rate stability during the crisis period. Lastly, we find that developing countries are often found to have decreased the level of monetary independence and financial openness, but increased the level of exchange rate stability in the aftermath of a crisis, especially for the last two decades. This finding indicates how vulnerable developing countries, especially emerging market ones, are to volatile capital flows as a result of global financial liberalization. Close

• 71. [Article] Fatty Acids in Cultivated and Wild Fish

  Some years ago, the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture undertook a study of the nutrient profile of the leading species of cultivated and wild fish and shellfish. Some data from that work were published, but information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fatty Acids in Cultivated and Wild Fish Author: Nettleton, Joyce A. Year: 2001 Some years ago, the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture undertook a study of the nutrient profile of the leading species of cultivated and wild fish and shellfish. Some data from that work were published, but information on fatty acids was not included. This paper presents data on the fat, cholesterol and major fatty acid content of cultivated and wild channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), and coho salmon (Oncorynchus kisutch). Two samples of each species were obtained from the wild at two different seasons, reflecting differences in spawning status; three samples of cultivated channel catfish and rainbow trout plus two of coho salmon were obtained at peak season to coincide with one of the sampling times of the wild samples. Analyses were conducted on raw and cooked fillets. Fatty acids were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Fat content of cultivated catfish and salmon ranged from 2.5-5 times that of wild samples; fat levels in wild and cultivated trout were similar. Monounsaturates predominated in cultivated catfish and salmon but not trout. Differences in fatty acid profile between wild and cultivated fish were greatest among polyunsaturates; linoleic acid was substantially higher in all cultivated samples than in wild fish. Omega-3 fatty acid levels were related to species and were higher in cultivated than wild samples owing to higher fat content. Data do not support the notion that wild fish are higher in omega-3 fatty acids than cultivated fish. Title: Fatty Acids in Cultivated and Wild Fish Author: Nettleton, Joyce A. Year: 2001 Some years ago, the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture undertook a study of the nutrient profile of the leading species of cultivated and wild fish and shellfish. Some data from that work were published, but information on fatty acids was not included. This paper presents data on the fat, cholesterol and major fatty acid content of cultivated and wild channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri), and coho salmon (Oncorynchus kisutch). Two samples of each species were obtained from the wild at two different seasons, reflecting differences in spawning status; three samples of cultivated channel catfish and rainbow trout plus two of coho salmon were obtained at peak season to coincide with one of the sampling times of the wild samples. Analyses were conducted on raw and cooked fillets. Fatty acids were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Fat content of cultivated catfish and salmon ranged from 2.5-5 times that of wild samples; fat levels in wild and cultivated trout were similar. Monounsaturates predominated in cultivated catfish and salmon but not trout. Differences in fatty acid profile between wild and cultivated fish were greatest among polyunsaturates; linoleic acid was substantially higher in all cultivated samples than in wild fish. Omega-3 fatty acid levels were related to species and were higher in cultivated than wild samples owing to higher fat content. Data do not support the notion that wild fish are higher in omega-3 fatty acids than cultivated fish. Close

• 72. [Article] Sneakerheads’ Assessment of Sneaker Value and Behaviors throughout the Sneaker Ownership Cycle

  The purpose of the present study was to investigate value perceptions and consumption behaviors of sneakerheads who are mixed-role resellers of sneakers. “Sneakerhead” is a term given to those who collect ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sneakerheads’ Assessment of Sneaker Value and Behaviors throughout the Sneaker Ownership Cycle Author: Choi, JIn Woo The purpose of the present study was to investigate value perceptions and consumption behaviors of sneakerheads who are mixed-role resellers of sneakers. “Sneakerhead” is a term given to those who collect and wear sneakers with a vast amount of effort and resources (Semmelhack, Garcia, Lepri, Willis, & Hatfield, 2015). “Mixed-role resellers” is a term given to individuals who collect, use, and resell consumer goods (Chu & Liao, 2007). Traditional consumer behavior frameworks mostly focus on behaviors surrounding pre-acquisition, purchase, and use of goods initially purchased by the consumer for his or her own use (Boyd & McConocha, 1996). These frameworks do not necessarily explain behaviors surrounding goods initially purchased with the intention to resell to others, such as researching predicted resale value during pre-acquisition, using controversial methods to obtain products during acquisition, and taking special measure to keep a product in pristine condition. While the resale market has expanded due to internet and social media, resale behavior has not drawn much attention from researchers. To address this gap, the author took a qualitative approach to gain an understanding of value perception and behaviors when consumers purchase goods with the intention to resell. The three research questions are: 1) What factors into mixed-role reseller sneakerheads’ perception of a sneaker’s value? 2) What behaviors are exhibited by mixed-role reseller sneakerheads during pre-acquisition, acquisition, physical possession, and resale of the sneakers they intend to resell; what motivates these behaviors? 3) What do mixed-role reseller sneakerheads like and dislike about the sneaker resale market? A total of 25 in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviewees were recruited through posts on sneakerhead community websites and snowball sampling. To qualify for participation in the study, interviewees needed to fit the description of a sneakerhead and a mixed-role reseller of sneakers. Results show how the interviewees evaluate the value of sneakers they intend to resell, what behaviors interviewees exhibit during the pre-acquisition, acquisition, physical possession, and disposition stages pertaining to sneakers they intend to resell, and how the interviewees felt about the resale market in general. First, data show that sneakers can hold monetary, emotional, functional, and/or social value. Most discussion about sneaker value centered on monetary value. Findings show that interviewees’ perceptions of monetary value were influenced by sneaker model rarity, celebrity endorsement of sneakers, collaboration between brands and celebrities, retro marketing, and sneaker condition. Second, the interviewees who purchased sneakers with resale intention demonstrated behaviors that are noteworthy in various stages of the Inventory Ownership Cycle (IOC) (Boyd & McConocha, 1996). When interviewees considered purchasing sneakers they intended to resale, they did an extensive information search prior to purchase to predict resale price, purchased multiple pairs with controversial methods (e.g., using bots and back-dooring), did not wear or carefully wore the sneakers, utilized various resale channel (e.g., eBay, social media, and mobile applications), and took measures to minimize physical and financial risks of reselling. Third, data show that while interviewees often had both positive and negative affects towards the resale market, they tended to have more negative affects towards resellers who used controversial methods to acquire sneakers. However, the interviewees seemed to accept these negative aspects of the resale market and said nothing can be done to change it. This study has implications for both researchers and business practitioners. For researchers in consumer behavior, this study provides insight into how resale intention can influence behaviors throughout the IOC (Boyd & McConocha, 1996). For business practitioners, findings from this study call attention to the need to consider consumers who purchase for personal use and consumers who purchase for resale as different market segments. It also calls out the need for brand managers to preserve this unique consumer culture and reduce negative outcomes caused by reselling. Title: Sneakerheads’ Assessment of Sneaker Value and Behaviors throughout the Sneaker Ownership Cycle Author: Choi, JIn Woo The purpose of the present study was to investigate value perceptions and consumption behaviors of sneakerheads who are mixed-role resellers of sneakers. “Sneakerhead” is a term given to those who collect and wear sneakers with a vast amount of effort and resources (Semmelhack, Garcia, Lepri, Willis, & Hatfield, 2015). “Mixed-role resellers” is a term given to individuals who collect, use, and resell consumer goods (Chu & Liao, 2007). Traditional consumer behavior frameworks mostly focus on behaviors surrounding pre-acquisition, purchase, and use of goods initially purchased by the consumer for his or her own use (Boyd & McConocha, 1996). These frameworks do not necessarily explain behaviors surrounding goods initially purchased with the intention to resell to others, such as researching predicted resale value during pre-acquisition, using controversial methods to obtain products during acquisition, and taking special measure to keep a product in pristine condition. While the resale market has expanded due to internet and social media, resale behavior has not drawn much attention from researchers. To address this gap, the author took a qualitative approach to gain an understanding of value perception and behaviors when consumers purchase goods with the intention to resell. The three research questions are: 1) What factors into mixed-role reseller sneakerheads’ perception of a sneaker’s value? 2) What behaviors are exhibited by mixed-role reseller sneakerheads during pre-acquisition, acquisition, physical possession, and resale of the sneakers they intend to resell; what motivates these behaviors? 3) What do mixed-role reseller sneakerheads like and dislike about the sneaker resale market? A total of 25 in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Interviewees were recruited through posts on sneakerhead community websites and snowball sampling. To qualify for participation in the study, interviewees needed to fit the description of a sneakerhead and a mixed-role reseller of sneakers. Results show how the interviewees evaluate the value of sneakers they intend to resell, what behaviors interviewees exhibit during the pre-acquisition, acquisition, physical possession, and disposition stages pertaining to sneakers they intend to resell, and how the interviewees felt about the resale market in general. First, data show that sneakers can hold monetary, emotional, functional, and/or social value. Most discussion about sneaker value centered on monetary value. Findings show that interviewees’ perceptions of monetary value were influenced by sneaker model rarity, celebrity endorsement of sneakers, collaboration between brands and celebrities, retro marketing, and sneaker condition. Second, the interviewees who purchased sneakers with resale intention demonstrated behaviors that are noteworthy in various stages of the Inventory Ownership Cycle (IOC) (Boyd & McConocha, 1996). When interviewees considered purchasing sneakers they intended to resale, they did an extensive information search prior to purchase to predict resale price, purchased multiple pairs with controversial methods (e.g., using bots and back-dooring), did not wear or carefully wore the sneakers, utilized various resale channel (e.g., eBay, social media, and mobile applications), and took measures to minimize physical and financial risks of reselling. Third, data show that while interviewees often had both positive and negative affects towards the resale market, they tended to have more negative affects towards resellers who used controversial methods to acquire sneakers. However, the interviewees seemed to accept these negative aspects of the resale market and said nothing can be done to change it. This study has implications for both researchers and business practitioners. For researchers in consumer behavior, this study provides insight into how resale intention can influence behaviors throughout the IOC (Boyd & McConocha, 1996). For business practitioners, findings from this study call attention to the need to consider consumers who purchase for personal use and consumers who purchase for resale as different market segments. It also calls out the need for brand managers to preserve this unique consumer culture and reduce negative outcomes caused by reselling. Close

• 73. [Article] Animals in Advertising: Eliciting Powerful Consumer Response, Resulting in Enhanced Brand Engagement

  The use of live animals as a communications tool has been seen in thousands of commercials, many of which have received international attention through online channels. As the Internet becomes a prevalent ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Animals in Advertising: Eliciting Powerful Consumer Response, Resulting in Enhanced Brand Engagement Author: Braunwart, Natasha Year: 2015 The use of live animals as a communications tool has been seen in thousands of commercials, many of which have received international attention through online channels. As the Internet becomes a prevalent sharing platform, the reactions from viewers can be better understood with quantifiable metrics. A new perspective on why live animals are used in advertising is given, with consideration of three branches of study. These include (1) the role of animals in advertising, (2) the role of animals in human’s everyday life, and (3) the development of brand engagement. The 2015 Super Bowl commercial line-up is looked at, and Budweiser’s Lost Dog commercial is closely examined. Lost Dog is presented as an exemplary case demonstrating how these three branches work together to create successful engagement with consumers. Recommendations to further research consumer responses are made. Title: Animals in Advertising: Eliciting Powerful Consumer Response, Resulting in Enhanced Brand Engagement Author: Braunwart, Natasha Year: 2015 The use of live animals as a communications tool has been seen in thousands of commercials, many of which have received international attention through online channels. As the Internet becomes a prevalent sharing platform, the reactions from viewers can be better understood with quantifiable metrics. A new perspective on why live animals are used in advertising is given, with consideration of three branches of study. These include (1) the role of animals in advertising, (2) the role of animals in human’s everyday life, and (3) the development of brand engagement. The 2015 Super Bowl commercial line-up is looked at, and Budweiser’s Lost Dog commercial is closely examined. Lost Dog is presented as an exemplary case demonstrating how these three branches work together to create successful engagement with consumers. Recommendations to further research consumer responses are made. Close

• 74. [Article] Diminished Democracy? Portland Radio News/Public Affairs After the Telecom Act of 1996

  News and public affairs on commercial radio dramatically changed following the 1996 Telecom Act, with rapid consolidation and economic efficiencies radically shrinking commercial radio's role in the provision ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Diminished Democracy? Portland Radio News/Public Affairs After the Telecom Act of 1996 Author: Webb, Rebecca Year: 2011 News and public affairs on commercial radio dramatically changed following the 1996 Telecom Act, with rapid consolidation and economic efficiencies radically shrinking commercial radio's role in the provision of political information. By examining jobs data, public files, and the views of broadcast journalists, this project assesses the Act's impact through the lens of civic-minded Portland, Oregon. Because political information enables democracy, and because of radio's uniquely accessible qualities, this paper argues that market emphasis in media policy--especially in the Act's absolute manifestation--has diminished a significant channel of public discourse. Noticing radio's democratic potential, still relevant in the digital age, this work offers support for a revival of discursive opportunities on local commercial radio. Title: Diminished Democracy? Portland Radio News/Public Affairs After the Telecom Act of 1996 Author: Webb, Rebecca Year: 2011 News and public affairs on commercial radio dramatically changed following the 1996 Telecom Act, with rapid consolidation and economic efficiencies radically shrinking commercial radio's role in the provision of political information. By examining jobs data, public files, and the views of broadcast journalists, this project assesses the Act's impact through the lens of civic-minded Portland, Oregon. Because political information enables democracy, and because of radio's uniquely accessible qualities, this paper argues that market emphasis in media policy--especially in the Act's absolute manifestation--has diminished a significant channel of public discourse. Noticing radio's democratic potential, still relevant in the digital age, this work offers support for a revival of discursive opportunities on local commercial radio. Close

• 75. [Article] Data rate improvements for the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network standard through the use of code division multiple access and turbo coding

  The widespread use of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and the desire for such products from different vendors to operate together has generated a movement towards standardization. Over the last decade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Data rate improvements for the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network standard through the use of code division multiple access and turbo coding Author: Buck, David H. The widespread use of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and the desire for such products from different vendors to operate together has generated a movement towards standardization. Over the last decade, several organizations worldwide have researched and developed such standards, this includes the IEEE 802.11 committee. One of the important considerations in design and marketing WLAN products is the data rate supported by such products. This thesis deals with the development of a modification of the Direct Sequence (DS) physical layer standard in IEEE 802.11 to allow higher data rates beyond the 1-2Mb/s supported by the standard. More precisely, this thesis proposes using Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and turbo coding, an aggressive channel encoding technique, to improve the data rate performance 2-3 times over that in IEEE 802.11. A simplified transceiver design is presented and computer simulations are performed to verify the design and implementation considerations. Title: Data rate improvements for the IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network standard through the use of code division multiple access and turbo coding Author: Buck, David H. The widespread use of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) and the desire for such products from different vendors to operate together has generated a movement towards standardization. Over the last decade, several organizations worldwide have researched and developed such standards, this includes the IEEE 802.11 committee. One of the important considerations in design and marketing WLAN products is the data rate supported by such products. This thesis deals with the development of a modification of the Direct Sequence (DS) physical layer standard in IEEE 802.11 to allow higher data rates beyond the 1-2Mb/s supported by the standard. More precisely, this thesis proposes using Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and turbo coding, an aggressive channel encoding technique, to improve the data rate performance 2-3 times over that in IEEE 802.11. A simplified transceiver design is presented and computer simulations are performed to verify the design and implementation considerations. Close

• 76. [Article] An economic comparison of three cattle grazing management strategies intended to improve riparian habitat and water quality

  Grazing of riparian forage by livestock may alter stream channel morphology in ways that impact nearby aquatic habitat, bank stability, vegetative cover and water quality. A number of grazing management ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An economic comparison of three cattle grazing management strategies intended to improve riparian habitat and water quality Author: Sharp, Jeffrey L. Grazing of riparian forage by livestock may alter stream channel morphology in ways that impact nearby aquatic habitat, bank stability, vegetative cover and water quality. A number of grazing management practices have been proposed as a means to reduce the amount of time cattle spend in the riparian zone. The effectiveness and long-term economic feasibility of these grazing management practices is largely unknown. Little is known about economic differences resulting from seasonally prescribed grazing. Findings from this research will aid ranch and resource managers in making economically viable and ecologically sound resource decisions for the future. This study was conducted to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of seasonal grazing and off-stream water development on a 300 head cow-calf ranch in northeastern Oregon. A bio-economic model was developed to analyze and compare three grazing management practices at the ranch level. Economic impacts to the model ranch were analyzed by examining changes in long-run annual revenue and total net present value (NPV) expected for each of the three management practices under various rainfall conditions, cattle market scenarios and discounts rates. Late summer grazing of riparian pasture with off-stream water development yielded the highest comparable NPV across all rainfall and market price scenarios examined Changes in the discount rate inversely affected the NPV of future returns, but did not alter the optimal grazing strategy. Only slight differences in NPV were measured between early and late seasonal grazing options. Water quality monitoring results from the study were inconclusive. Results showed that the optimal strategy for the protection of water quality varied depending upon the limiting factor of highest concern. Cattle distribution indicators such as average distance from stream and streamside fecal counts, point toward early season grazing as the most effective strategy at dispersing cattle away from the stream corridor. Title: An economic comparison of three cattle grazing management strategies intended to improve riparian habitat and water quality Author: Sharp, Jeffrey L. Grazing of riparian forage by livestock may alter stream channel morphology in ways that impact nearby aquatic habitat, bank stability, vegetative cover and water quality. A number of grazing management practices have been proposed as a means to reduce the amount of time cattle spend in the riparian zone. The effectiveness and long-term economic feasibility of these grazing management practices is largely unknown. Little is known about economic differences resulting from seasonally prescribed grazing. Findings from this research will aid ranch and resource managers in making economically viable and ecologically sound resource decisions for the future. This study was conducted to analyze the economic and environmental impacts of seasonal grazing and off-stream water development on a 300 head cow-calf ranch in northeastern Oregon. A bio-economic model was developed to analyze and compare three grazing management practices at the ranch level. Economic impacts to the model ranch were analyzed by examining changes in long-run annual revenue and total net present value (NPV) expected for each of the three management practices under various rainfall conditions, cattle market scenarios and discounts rates. Late summer grazing of riparian pasture with off-stream water development yielded the highest comparable NPV across all rainfall and market price scenarios examined Changes in the discount rate inversely affected the NPV of future returns, but did not alter the optimal grazing strategy. Only slight differences in NPV were measured between early and late seasonal grazing options. Water quality monitoring results from the study were inconclusive. Results showed that the optimal strategy for the protection of water quality varied depending upon the limiting factor of highest concern. Cattle distribution indicators such as average distance from stream and streamside fecal counts, point toward early season grazing as the most effective strategy at dispersing cattle away from the stream corridor. Close

• 77. [Article] Public investment policy and industry incentives in life science research

  The biorevolution in the 1970’s greatly stimulated investment in life-science research. The present dissertation is aimed at evaluating the impact of US public investment on industrial investment in life-science ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Public investment policy and industry incentives in life science research Author: Wang, Chenggang The biorevolution in the 1970’s greatly stimulated investment in life-science research. The present dissertation is aimed at evaluating the impact of US public investment on industrial investment in life-science research. The focus is on three major life-science fields: biology, medicine, and agriculture. A dynamic model of industrial R&D investment is developed to identify the channels of influence which public R&D investment has on industrial R&D investment. The model takes into consideration four determinants of industrial R&D investment: market demand, technological opportunity, supply of scientific labor, and adjustment costs. The model is estimated using R&D expenditures and patent counts constructed at the individual life-science field level. Results show that, as far as the life sciences are concerned, the R&D performed by public institutions has been the primary cause of the past two decades’ surge in industrial R&D investment. Even after accounting for the negative wage effect, public institution R&D has been strongly complementary to industrial R&D, both in agriculture and in medicine. Public institutions’ basic biological research has had a significant “infrastructure” effect on industry’s agricultural and medical research. Although analysts typically have argued that market demand and technological opportunity are equally important determinants of the pace and direction of technological change, we find that, in the life sciences at least, the dominating stimulant to industrial R&D investment has been technology push, i.e., the creation of new technological opportunities when advances are made in public institutions’ research. Title: Public investment policy and industry incentives in life science research Author: Wang, Chenggang The biorevolution in the 1970’s greatly stimulated investment in life-science research. The present dissertation is aimed at evaluating the impact of US public investment on industrial investment in life-science research. The focus is on three major life-science fields: biology, medicine, and agriculture. A dynamic model of industrial R&D investment is developed to identify the channels of influence which public R&D investment has on industrial R&D investment. The model takes into consideration four determinants of industrial R&D investment: market demand, technological opportunity, supply of scientific labor, and adjustment costs. The model is estimated using R&D expenditures and patent counts constructed at the individual life-science field level. Results show that, as far as the life sciences are concerned, the R&D performed by public institutions has been the primary cause of the past two decades’ surge in industrial R&D investment. Even after accounting for the negative wage effect, public institution R&D has been strongly complementary to industrial R&D, both in agriculture and in medicine. Public institutions’ basic biological research has had a significant “infrastructure” effect on industry’s agricultural and medical research. Although analysts typically have argued that market demand and technological opportunity are equally important determinants of the pace and direction of technological change, we find that, in the life sciences at least, the dominating stimulant to industrial R&D investment has been technology push, i.e., the creation of new technological opportunities when advances are made in public institutions’ research. Close

• 78. [Article] Digital Media Battleground

  Current digital media distribution platforms continue their march towards streaming service-based infrastructures, delivering content to users when and where they want it: laptops, set top boxes, home ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Digital Media Battleground Author: Alhajri, Fahad, Bowen, James, Brewer, Brian, Hagos, Meles, Moshfegh, Farzad, Penmetsa, Srujana, Thomas, Jerrod Year: 2013 Current digital media distribution platforms continue their march towards streaming service-based infrastructures, delivering content to users when and where they want it: laptops, set top boxes, home entertainment systems, and the new ubiquity: mobile devices. This model was first demonstrated by utilizing the multicast backbone technology in the early 1990s and took the better part of a decade to make inroads in changing the way individuals consume broadcast, mainstream, and syndicated video media. It took the advent of streaming technology, high-speed internet adoption, and a willingness from content owners to license their treasured content with upstart streaming media platform companies. Digital music distribution showed consumers, content owners, and distribution channels what can happen when one player effectively creates a new, disruptive technology platform, i.e. Apple’s iTunes Music Store. Now content owners are afraid of a single distributor dictating the methods, prices, and channels by which their content reaches consumers. Today, streaming technology is making a play against the incumbent iTunes transactional model of Buy, Download, and Own digital distribution by providing varies models to consumers: integrated advertising-based, subscription-based, and traditional cable “packages” with integrated on-demand streaming, all of which retain no permanence or ownership for the end user. Content owners are treading carefully, trying to avoid the single, dominant point of distribution that Apple achieved in music distribution. The results of this are less optimal from both a market standpoint and especially the experience for consumers. Media companies frequently change the terms of their licenses, or drastically increasing their licensing costs, causing radical fluctuations in the long-term viability of the nascent distribution platforms. Consumers interact with this environment through complicated, multiparty subscriptions, multiple applications or web interfaces, umpteen logins, various bills, and a nebulous understanding and ability to sit down and watch premium content when and where they want it. The entire market is in its juvenile form, stretching, growing, and trying to find that balance of monetization and the critical mass of consumer adoption required to truly transform media consumption from the real-time, over-the-air broadcast format it has been since television’s inception, to a time-shifted, choose your own, content delivery system based around the internet as the delivery medium. In this paper we idealize the situation by analyzing the largest incumbents for each of the monetization models, provide input into their strength and weaknesses and finally analyze and postulate what we believe will the trends and concerns moving forward into this new digital media panacea. Title: Digital Media Battleground Author: Alhajri, Fahad, Bowen, James, Brewer, Brian, Hagos, Meles, Moshfegh, Farzad, Penmetsa, Srujana, Thomas, Jerrod Year: 2013 Current digital media distribution platforms continue their march towards streaming service-based infrastructures, delivering content to users when and where they want it: laptops, set top boxes, home entertainment systems, and the new ubiquity: mobile devices. This model was first demonstrated by utilizing the multicast backbone technology in the early 1990s and took the better part of a decade to make inroads in changing the way individuals consume broadcast, mainstream, and syndicated video media. It took the advent of streaming technology, high-speed internet adoption, and a willingness from content owners to license their treasured content with upstart streaming media platform companies. Digital music distribution showed consumers, content owners, and distribution channels what can happen when one player effectively creates a new, disruptive technology platform, i.e. Apple’s iTunes Music Store. Now content owners are afraid of a single distributor dictating the methods, prices, and channels by which their content reaches consumers. Today, streaming technology is making a play against the incumbent iTunes transactional model of Buy, Download, and Own digital distribution by providing varies models to consumers: integrated advertising-based, subscription-based, and traditional cable “packages” with integrated on-demand streaming, all of which retain no permanence or ownership for the end user. Content owners are treading carefully, trying to avoid the single, dominant point of distribution that Apple achieved in music distribution. The results of this are less optimal from both a market standpoint and especially the experience for consumers. Media companies frequently change the terms of their licenses, or drastically increasing their licensing costs, causing radical fluctuations in the long-term viability of the nascent distribution platforms. Consumers interact with this environment through complicated, multiparty subscriptions, multiple applications or web interfaces, umpteen logins, various bills, and a nebulous understanding and ability to sit down and watch premium content when and where they want it. The entire market is in its juvenile form, stretching, growing, and trying to find that balance of monetization and the critical mass of consumer adoption required to truly transform media consumption from the real-time, over-the-air broadcast format it has been since television’s inception, to a time-shifted, choose your own, content delivery system based around the internet as the delivery medium. In this paper we idealize the situation by analyzing the largest incumbents for each of the monetization models, provide input into their strength and weaknesses and finally analyze and postulate what we believe will the trends and concerns moving forward into this new digital media panacea. Close

• 79. [Article] Depositional model of the Antelope Coal Field, Wyoming

  The coal-bearing sediments of the Antelope coal field in the southcentral Powder River Basin, Wyoming were deposited in paludal and tributary subsystems of the fluvial system that existed in the basin ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Depositional model of the Antelope Coal Field, Wyoming Author: Budai, Christine M. Year: 1983 The coal-bearing sediments of the Antelope coal field in the southcentral Powder River Basin, Wyoming were deposited in paludal and tributary subsystems of the fluvial system that existed in the basin during the early Tertiary. A depositional model for the Antelope coal field was constructed from data collected from approximately 500 drill holes that penetrated the upper 90 meters (300 feet) of the Fort Union Formation. The depositional environments were interpreted from lithologic descriptions and guidelines established in the literature. The two main coal seams at the Antelope coal field are the Anderson and stratigraphically lower Canyon coal seams. They represent poorly-drained swamp depositional environments. Each of the coal seams exhibit splits into multiple and thinner coal seams to the southwest. The parting rocks that lie between these splits, sedimentary structures, and isopach maps of the partings indicate that crevasse splaying with lacustrine and small channel development caused the observed splits in the coal seams. Distal overbank deposits occur at the top of the Canyon seam and at the base of the Anderson seam; well-drained swamp deposits and crevasse splay, lacustrine, lacustrine delta, and small channel-fill deposits occur in between the coal seams. The rocks underlying the Canyon coal seam suggest that the area of the Antelope coal field was a poorly-drained swamp that developed into a well-drained swamp with minor small channel development. The area once again digressed to a poorly-drained swamp which was the beginning of the Canyon coal swamp. The rocks overlying the Anderson seam represent a combination of the environments mentioned above with deposits from lacustrine and well-drained swamp environments dominating. The observed splits in the Anderson and Canyon coal seams to the southwest at the Antelope coal field suggest that a change in the fluvial system and/or tectonic stability of the Powder River Basin occurred and affected deposition in the southcentral portion of the basin. A combination of 1) relative basin subsidence, 2) a prograding and aggrading trunk stream with a thick levee deposit, and 3) peat accumulation that kept pace with relative basin subsidence are proposed mechanisms for the formation of the thick, continuous coal seams present in the basin and a disturbance or change in any of these processes could produce the splits observed in the Anderson and Canyon coal "Seams at the Antelope coal field. Syn- and post-depositional processes that have affected the coal quality and reserves at the Antelope coal field include compaction, erosion and deposition from modern stream action, and burning and oxidation of the coal seams. The position of the paleowater table during stream downcutting and erosion of the coal seams controlled the occurrence and extent of oxidation and burning. Exploration and development of the Antelope coal deposit can be executed in a more efficient manner by using the depositional model. Future exploration drilling programs, design of the mine site, mining and marketing the coal, and later reclamation of the mined area are all affected by the depositional model. Title: Depositional model of the Antelope Coal Field, Wyoming Author: Budai, Christine M. Year: 1983 The coal-bearing sediments of the Antelope coal field in the southcentral Powder River Basin, Wyoming were deposited in paludal and tributary subsystems of the fluvial system that existed in the basin during the early Tertiary. A depositional model for the Antelope coal field was constructed from data collected from approximately 500 drill holes that penetrated the upper 90 meters (300 feet) of the Fort Union Formation. The depositional environments were interpreted from lithologic descriptions and guidelines established in the literature. The two main coal seams at the Antelope coal field are the Anderson and stratigraphically lower Canyon coal seams. They represent poorly-drained swamp depositional environments. Each of the coal seams exhibit splits into multiple and thinner coal seams to the southwest. The parting rocks that lie between these splits, sedimentary structures, and isopach maps of the partings indicate that crevasse splaying with lacustrine and small channel development caused the observed splits in the coal seams. Distal overbank deposits occur at the top of the Canyon seam and at the base of the Anderson seam; well-drained swamp deposits and crevasse splay, lacustrine, lacustrine delta, and small channel-fill deposits occur in between the coal seams. The rocks underlying the Canyon coal seam suggest that the area of the Antelope coal field was a poorly-drained swamp that developed into a well-drained swamp with minor small channel development. The area once again digressed to a poorly-drained swamp which was the beginning of the Canyon coal swamp. The rocks overlying the Anderson seam represent a combination of the environments mentioned above with deposits from lacustrine and well-drained swamp environments dominating. The observed splits in the Anderson and Canyon coal seams to the southwest at the Antelope coal field suggest that a change in the fluvial system and/or tectonic stability of the Powder River Basin occurred and affected deposition in the southcentral portion of the basin. A combination of 1) relative basin subsidence, 2) a prograding and aggrading trunk stream with a thick levee deposit, and 3) peat accumulation that kept pace with relative basin subsidence are proposed mechanisms for the formation of the thick, continuous coal seams present in the basin and a disturbance or change in any of these processes could produce the splits observed in the Anderson and Canyon coal "Seams at the Antelope coal field. Syn- and post-depositional processes that have affected the coal quality and reserves at the Antelope coal field include compaction, erosion and deposition from modern stream action, and burning and oxidation of the coal seams. The position of the paleowater table during stream downcutting and erosion of the coal seams controlled the occurrence and extent of oxidation and burning. Exploration and development of the Antelope coal deposit can be executed in a more efficient manner by using the depositional model. Future exploration drilling programs, design of the mine site, mining and marketing the coal, and later reclamation of the mined area are all affected by the depositional model. Close

• 80. [Article] Half Array Architecture for Advancing Microchannel Heat Recuperation to Market

  High temperature microchannel heat recuperators (HTμRs) offer an efficient means of improving reactor process thermal efficiency by offering smaller form factors due to increased heat transfer surface ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Half Array Architecture for Advancing Microchannel Heat Recuperation to Market Author: Brannon, Samuel T. High temperature microchannel heat recuperators (HTμRs) offer an efficient means of improving reactor process thermal efficiency by offering smaller form factors due to increased heat transfer surface area density and volumetric heat transfer rate over traditional heat exchanger designs. To date, HTμRs face cost and reliability challenges. In this work, a HTμR design was developed capable of utilizing high volume manufacturing methods to improve raw material utilization and cost. The design utilizes a microchannel flow insert (MFI) to resist differential pressures within low pressure channels eliminating the need for photochemical machining. The MFIs are placed within a laser-welded microchannel half array which is inserted within a metal housing to establish the counter flow path. Analytical and computational models were developed to guide the structural, thermal and fluidic design of the sub-millimeter MFI for waste heat applications. A forming process was developed for producing the MFIs and experimental investigations were used to validate structural, thermal and fluidic performance. A robust microforming fabrication process was developed capable of providing average MFI heights of 529 μm with 0.5% standard deviation. MFIs were analyzed for out-of-plane compressive stiffness and compressive strength over multiple loading cycles to validate both analytical and finite element models. A finite element model provided a model error of 6.8% for compressive stiffness. The unbonded μPTN design presented yields an 88% decrease in structural panel size compared to macro-pyramidal truss networks for a given loading condition while maintaining similar panel area. Single layer fluid flow experiments were conducted to determine the average Nusselt number and pressure drop in microchannels both with and without an MFI installed. The MFI increased the average Nusselt number by 2.9x due to increased fluid mixing. The pressure drop through the MFI was found to be on average five times higher than the empty channel due to reduced flow cross-section area. The network pressure drop model yielded a percent error at low Reynolds numbers of 5.2%. Subsequently, a 3.5 kW HTμR made of Inconel 625 was designed for waste heat recovery with an inlet temperature of 850°C. A subscale HTμR was fabricated and tested to validate the 3.5 kW design. The sub-scale five layer HTμR was tested with a hot side inlet temperature of 300°C. The sub-scale device performed as expected in terms of effectiveness (4.3% error), duty (4.3% error), and MFI channel pressure drop (-2.6% error). These results were used to scale a 3.5 kW Inconel 625 HTμR with a heat transfer surface area density of 1,633 m²/m³, a volumetric heat transfer coefficient of 2.3 MW/(m³K), and a volumetric heat transfer rate of 32 MW/m³ providing improved results versus high temperature recuperator designs in literature. Title: Half Array Architecture for Advancing Microchannel Heat Recuperation to Market Author: Brannon, Samuel T. High temperature microchannel heat recuperators (HTμRs) offer an efficient means of improving reactor process thermal efficiency by offering smaller form factors due to increased heat transfer surface area density and volumetric heat transfer rate over traditional heat exchanger designs. To date, HTμRs face cost and reliability challenges. In this work, a HTμR design was developed capable of utilizing high volume manufacturing methods to improve raw material utilization and cost. The design utilizes a microchannel flow insert (MFI) to resist differential pressures within low pressure channels eliminating the need for photochemical machining. The MFIs are placed within a laser-welded microchannel half array which is inserted within a metal housing to establish the counter flow path. Analytical and computational models were developed to guide the structural, thermal and fluidic design of the sub-millimeter MFI for waste heat applications. A forming process was developed for producing the MFIs and experimental investigations were used to validate structural, thermal and fluidic performance. A robust microforming fabrication process was developed capable of providing average MFI heights of 529 μm with 0.5% standard deviation. MFIs were analyzed for out-of-plane compressive stiffness and compressive strength over multiple loading cycles to validate both analytical and finite element models. A finite element model provided a model error of 6.8% for compressive stiffness. The unbonded μPTN design presented yields an 88% decrease in structural panel size compared to macro-pyramidal truss networks for a given loading condition while maintaining similar panel area. Single layer fluid flow experiments were conducted to determine the average Nusselt number and pressure drop in microchannels both with and without an MFI installed. The MFI increased the average Nusselt number by 2.9x due to increased fluid mixing. The pressure drop through the MFI was found to be on average five times higher than the empty channel due to reduced flow cross-section area. The network pressure drop model yielded a percent error at low Reynolds numbers of 5.2%. Subsequently, a 3.5 kW HTμR made of Inconel 625 was designed for waste heat recovery with an inlet temperature of 850°C. A subscale HTμR was fabricated and tested to validate the 3.5 kW design. The sub-scale five layer HTμR was tested with a hot side inlet temperature of 300°C. The sub-scale device performed as expected in terms of effectiveness (4.3% error), duty (4.3% error), and MFI channel pressure drop (-2.6% error). These results were used to scale a 3.5 kW Inconel 625 HTμR with a heat transfer surface area density of 1,633 m²/m³, a volumetric heat transfer coefficient of 2.3 MW/(m³K), and a volumetric heat transfer rate of 32 MW/m³ providing improved results versus high temperature recuperator designs in literature. Close

• 81. [Article] A Comparative Study of the Characteristics of High Technology Start-Up Firms

  A sample of two hundred and twenty-five high technology start-up firms located nationwide provided a base for the analysis of characteristics of start-up success. The analysis provides insights into management ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Comparative Study of the Characteristics of High Technology Start-Up Firms Author: Kiehl, Sandra J. Year: 1988 A sample of two hundred and twenty-five high technology start-up firms located nationwide provided a base for the analysis of characteristics of start-up success. The analysis provides insights into management capabilities which may be generalized to a larger population. For comparison purposes, the sample was divided into two groups: (1) those firms which have not received a venture capital infusion from a formal venture capital company and (2) those firms which have received one or more infusions of venture capital. Aspects of organizational climate, top management team approach, marketing strategy and focus, business planning and the intent to go public as a means of addressing future financing needs were examined. Hypothesis testing was accomplished through the employment of ANOVA and Chi-Square. Based upon the results of the testing of each of the hypotheses, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. Based upon those aspects examined, both the funded and unfunded firms embrace practices which strongly manifest those of an organic organization. The strong propensities toward both open communication channels and participatory decision making are indicative of the lack of formal structure present in these organizations. In addition, creativity is strongly supported, as it should be, by the notion that failure is viewed in a positive context as a necessary component of both being creative and making technological advancements. 2. The team approach to management is practiced by both funded and unfunded firms; although the venture capital funded firms have a higher quality top management team when quality is defined by aggregate primary past functional experience. The funded firm has a larger team which, in turn, brings more years of experience, a higher aggregate level of organizational responsibility, and more diversity of functional capability. This diversity provides balance in terms of complementary functional skills. Additional strength is added to the top management team of the funded firms due to a higher percentage of members whose prior experience is directly related to the functional capacity in which they now serve. Similarly, the funded firm is more likely to have management team members whose previous experience was in a firm whose core technology was the same or very similar to that of the start-up. 3. There do not appear to be significant differences between the venture capital funded and unfunded firms regarding the various marketing oriented characteristics. Both groups tend to be market driven with a solutions orientation. 4. The high technology start-up firm which has received venture capital funding is more likely to go public than the unfunded firm. 5. Business planning is practiced by the majority of all high technology start-up firms, although the funded firms do so to a greater extent. Not only do virtually all funded firms prepare business plans, but the plans themselves appear to be more extensive. Additionally; the primary purpose for which the funded firm prepares the plan is for venture capital acquisition. On the other hand, the unfunded firms perform business plan preparation to a lesser extent, but do so because of operating necessity. The results of this study have implications for the nascent entrepreneur in the high technology arena and researchers alike toward the end of providing a more complete understanding of some of the critical components essential to the success of a start-up. Title: A Comparative Study of the Characteristics of High Technology Start-Up Firms Author: Kiehl, Sandra J. Year: 1988 A sample of two hundred and twenty-five high technology start-up firms located nationwide provided a base for the analysis of characteristics of start-up success. The analysis provides insights into management capabilities which may be generalized to a larger population. For comparison purposes, the sample was divided into two groups: (1) those firms which have not received a venture capital infusion from a formal venture capital company and (2) those firms which have received one or more infusions of venture capital. Aspects of organizational climate, top management team approach, marketing strategy and focus, business planning and the intent to go public as a means of addressing future financing needs were examined. Hypothesis testing was accomplished through the employment of ANOVA and Chi-Square. Based upon the results of the testing of each of the hypotheses, the following conclusions are drawn: 1. Based upon those aspects examined, both the funded and unfunded firms embrace practices which strongly manifest those of an organic organization. The strong propensities toward both open communication channels and participatory decision making are indicative of the lack of formal structure present in these organizations. In addition, creativity is strongly supported, as it should be, by the notion that failure is viewed in a positive context as a necessary component of both being creative and making technological advancements. 2. The team approach to management is practiced by both funded and unfunded firms; although the venture capital funded firms have a higher quality top management team when quality is defined by aggregate primary past functional experience. The funded firm has a larger team which, in turn, brings more years of experience, a higher aggregate level of organizational responsibility, and more diversity of functional capability. This diversity provides balance in terms of complementary functional skills. Additional strength is added to the top management team of the funded firms due to a higher percentage of members whose prior experience is directly related to the functional capacity in which they now serve. Similarly, the funded firm is more likely to have management team members whose previous experience was in a firm whose core technology was the same or very similar to that of the start-up. 3. There do not appear to be significant differences between the venture capital funded and unfunded firms regarding the various marketing oriented characteristics. Both groups tend to be market driven with a solutions orientation. 4. The high technology start-up firm which has received venture capital funding is more likely to go public than the unfunded firm. 5. Business planning is practiced by the majority of all high technology start-up firms, although the funded firms do so to a greater extent. Not only do virtually all funded firms prepare business plans, but the plans themselves appear to be more extensive. Additionally; the primary purpose for which the funded firm prepares the plan is for venture capital acquisition. On the other hand, the unfunded firms perform business plan preparation to a lesser extent, but do so because of operating necessity. The results of this study have implications for the nascent entrepreneur in the high technology arena and researchers alike toward the end of providing a more complete understanding of some of the critical components essential to the success of a start-up. Close

• 82. [Article] Online product presentation and perceived trustworthiness : the moderating role of gender

  E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Online product presentation and perceived trustworthiness : the moderating role of gender Author: Marshall, Kerianne E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there is still limited research on online apparel retailing, especially in online product presentation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine how the presence of an attractive model’s face influences consumer trustworthiness and to explore how men and women differ on their response to the presence of an attractive model's face in an online apparel shopping context. In addition, relationships between perceived trustworthiness, perceived risk, and purchase intention were examined. This study employed a one factor between-subjects' factorial design: Product presentation (presence of face vs. absence of face) by gender (male vs. female). Eight websites were created to closely resemble the design of "real" websites (two websites for each condition). Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The data was collected at Oregon State University in Spring 2009. A convenient sample of 174 undergraduate students was obtained. Using descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses, and univariate analyses of covariance, the present research showed (1) a positive relationship between perceived trustworthiness and purchase intention, (2) a negative relationship between perceived trustworthiness and perceived risk, and (3) a negative relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. The results also revealed that there was no effect of product presentation on perceived trustworthiness as well as no moderating effect of gender on product presentation and perceived trustworthiness. E-tailers can draw implications from the study to focus on creating perceived trustworthiness in their customers. Relationships showed that perceived trustworthiness is important in reducing perceived risk and increasing purchase intention for consumers. This shows that it is important for e-tailers to find website attributes that invoke trustworthiness in their consumers. Also, researchers can further investigate online product presentation based on the research findings. The present study did not find an effect of the presence or absence of a model's face influence perceived trustworthiness, but there are more model attributes to investigate, including looking at facial attributes, body angles, and model attractiveness. Title: Online product presentation and perceived trustworthiness : the moderating role of gender Author: Marshall, Kerianne E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there is still limited research on online apparel retailing, especially in online product presentation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine how the presence of an attractive model’s face influences consumer trustworthiness and to explore how men and women differ on their response to the presence of an attractive model's face in an online apparel shopping context. In addition, relationships between perceived trustworthiness, perceived risk, and purchase intention were examined. This study employed a one factor between-subjects' factorial design: Product presentation (presence of face vs. absence of face) by gender (male vs. female). Eight websites were created to closely resemble the design of "real" websites (two websites for each condition). Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The data was collected at Oregon State University in Spring 2009. A convenient sample of 174 undergraduate students was obtained. Using descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses, and univariate analyses of covariance, the present research showed (1) a positive relationship between perceived trustworthiness and purchase intention, (2) a negative relationship between perceived trustworthiness and perceived risk, and (3) a negative relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. The results also revealed that there was no effect of product presentation on perceived trustworthiness as well as no moderating effect of gender on product presentation and perceived trustworthiness. E-tailers can draw implications from the study to focus on creating perceived trustworthiness in their customers. Relationships showed that perceived trustworthiness is important in reducing perceived risk and increasing purchase intention for consumers. This shows that it is important for e-tailers to find website attributes that invoke trustworthiness in their consumers. Also, researchers can further investigate online product presentation based on the research findings. The present study did not find an effect of the presence or absence of a model's face influence perceived trustworthiness, but there are more model attributes to investigate, including looking at facial attributes, body angles, and model attractiveness. Close

• 83. [Article] Surfing the Waves of Globalization: Asia and Financial Globalization in the Context of Trilemma

  Using the "trilemma indexes" developed by Aizenman et al. (2008) that measure the extent of achievement in each of the three policy goals in the trilemma—monetary independence, exchange rate stability, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Surfing the Waves of Globalization: Asia and Financial Globalization in the Context of Trilemma Author: Aizenman, Joshua, Chinn, Menzie David, Ito, Hiro Year: 2009 Using the "trilemma indexes" developed by Aizenman et al. (2008) that measure the extent of achievement in each of the three policy goals in the trilemma—monetary independence, exchange rate stability, and financial openness—this paper examines how policy configurations affect macroeconomic performances with focus on the Asian economies. We find that the three policy choices do not matter for per capita economic growth. However, they do matter for output volatility and the medium-term level of inflation. Greater monetary independence is associated with lower output volatility while greater exchange rate stability implies greater output volatility, which can be mitigated if a country holds international reserves (IR) at a higher level than a threshold (about 20% of gross domestic product). Greater monetary autonomy is associated with a higher level of inflation while greater exchange rate stability and greater financial openness could lower the inflation level. We find that trilemma policy configurations and external finances affect output volatility mainly through the investment channel. While a higher degree of exchange rate stability could stabilize the real exchange rate movement, it could also make investment volatile, though the volatility-enhancing effect of exchange rate stability on investment can be cancelled by holding higher levels of IR. Greater financial openness helps reduce real exchange rate volatility. These results indicate that policy makers in a more open economy would prefer pursuing greater exchange rate stability and greater financial openness while holding a massive amount of IR. Asian emerging market economies are found to be equipped with macroeconomic policy configurations that help the economies to dampen the volatilities in both investment and real exchange rate. These economies’ sizeable amount of international reserves holding appears to help enhance the stabilizing effect of the trilemma policy choices, which explains the recent phenomenal buildup of international reserves in the region. Title: Surfing the Waves of Globalization: Asia and Financial Globalization in the Context of Trilemma Author: Aizenman, Joshua, Chinn, Menzie David, Ito, Hiro Year: 2009 Using the "trilemma indexes" developed by Aizenman et al. (2008) that measure the extent of achievement in each of the three policy goals in the trilemma—monetary independence, exchange rate stability, and financial openness—this paper examines how policy configurations affect macroeconomic performances with focus on the Asian economies. We find that the three policy choices do not matter for per capita economic growth. However, they do matter for output volatility and the medium-term level of inflation. Greater monetary independence is associated with lower output volatility while greater exchange rate stability implies greater output volatility, which can be mitigated if a country holds international reserves (IR) at a higher level than a threshold (about 20% of gross domestic product). Greater monetary autonomy is associated with a higher level of inflation while greater exchange rate stability and greater financial openness could lower the inflation level. We find that trilemma policy configurations and external finances affect output volatility mainly through the investment channel. While a higher degree of exchange rate stability could stabilize the real exchange rate movement, it could also make investment volatile, though the volatility-enhancing effect of exchange rate stability on investment can be cancelled by holding higher levels of IR. Greater financial openness helps reduce real exchange rate volatility. These results indicate that policy makers in a more open economy would prefer pursuing greater exchange rate stability and greater financial openness while holding a massive amount of IR. Asian emerging market economies are found to be equipped with macroeconomic policy configurations that help the economies to dampen the volatilities in both investment and real exchange rate. These economies’ sizeable amount of international reserves holding appears to help enhance the stabilizing effect of the trilemma policy choices, which explains the recent phenomenal buildup of international reserves in the region. Close

• 84. [Article] Estimated Impact of the Landing Obligation on Raw Material Supplies

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Estimated Impact of the Landing Obligation on Raw Material Supplies Author: Iñarra, Bruno, Pérez-Villarreal, Begoña, Larsen, Erling, Viðarsson, Jónas Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Estimated Impact of the Landing Obligation on Raw Material Supplies Author: Iñarra, Bruno, Pérez-Villarreal, Begoña, Larsen, Erling, Viðarsson, Jónas Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 85. [Article] Commercial Fisheries as an Asset for Recreational Demand on the Coastline: Evidence from a Choice Experiment

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Commercial Fisheries as an Asset for Recreational Demand on the Coastline: Evidence from a Choice Experiment Author: Le Goffe, Philippe, Ropars-Collet, Carole, Leplat, Mélody Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Commercial Fisheries as an Asset for Recreational Demand on the Coastline: Evidence from a Choice Experiment Author: Le Goffe, Philippe, Ropars-Collet, Carole, Leplat, Mélody Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 86. [Article] How Can Aquaculture Contribute to the Poor? Evidence From Brackish-Water Extensive Polyculture in the Philippines

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: How Can Aquaculture Contribute to the Poor? Evidence From Brackish-Water Extensive Polyculture in the Philippines Author: Morales, Jack, Vagneron, Isabelle, Dabbadie, Lionel, Diaz, Amor, Little, David Abstract only. Title: How Can Aquaculture Contribute to the Poor? Evidence From Brackish-Water Extensive Polyculture in the Philippines Author: Morales, Jack, Vagneron, Isabelle, Dabbadie, Lionel, Diaz, Amor, Little, David Abstract only. Close

• 87. [Article] Three essays on international trade and regional productivity

  A firm's productivity is composed of two parts: pure technical change and location-specific (agglomeration) externalities. Regional productivity is thus an aggregation of productivity of firms producing ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Three essays on international trade and regional productivity Author: Moon, Hanpil A firm's productivity is composed of two parts: pure technical change and location-specific (agglomeration) externalities. Regional productivity is thus an aggregation of productivity of firms producing similar goods and located in a given region. International trade can affect both components of regional productivity. First, trade openness in a closed economy may alter its internal economic geography. Some regions which become more attractive to firms than before gain an advantage over others from integration into global markets. Second, as a competition pressure, trade liberalization forces the least productive firms to exit, resulting in the growth of aggregate productivity in the industry. The three essays presented in this dissertation explore the relationship between international trade and regional productivity in the presence of heterogeneous firms. In the first essay, a theoretical framework is introduced in order to describe how the above two channels, through which trade affects regional productivity, shape a country's spatial distribution of productivity. Results show that industries, each having its own cost-minimizing location, can be spatially relocated within a country via heterogeneous trade liberalization across industries. Moreover, trade intensifies localization for each industry since most firms in an industry move to or gather around their industry-specific cost- minimizing location. The consequent clustering of firms generates additional localization economies. More importantly, the intensification of localization economies can slow or delay the selection process, i.e. exit of low productivity firms, following trade liberalization. These findings suggest that trade openness induces significant industrial and spatial dynamics (entry, exit and survival) within an economy. The second and third essays are empirical tests on the second channel through which trade openness affects regional productivity using county-level data from Korea and firm-level data from India, respectively. In addition to trade liberalization, regional infrastructure is considered to be another competition pressure for domestic firms, i.e. improved infrastructure in a region induces a similar selection process among firms. These empirical essays investigate the effect of falling trade costs and improving domestic infrastructure on the regional variation of raw productivity using a common methodology. That is, a spatial econometric procedure is applied to a production function framework to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) by region and industry, while controlling for potential external and spatial effects. The mean and alternative percentiles of the regional raw productivity distribution are then specified as functions of international and domestic competition indicators. International competition is represented by trade costs, which are estimated as frictions in a gravity-type trade model, while road density is considered to capture the level of a region's infrastructure. In both Korea and India, it is found that trade costs reduction significantly shifted to the right, particularly the 10th percentile value of, the regional productivity distribution. However, a change in the level of infrastructure appears to bring about a higher change in regional productivity relative to a change in the international competition level. Therefore, the relative contribution of trade costs and infrastructure to regional productivity should be evaluated with attention to the costs underlying these options for regional development. Title: Three essays on international trade and regional productivity Author: Moon, Hanpil A firm's productivity is composed of two parts: pure technical change and location-specific (agglomeration) externalities. Regional productivity is thus an aggregation of productivity of firms producing similar goods and located in a given region. International trade can affect both components of regional productivity. First, trade openness in a closed economy may alter its internal economic geography. Some regions which become more attractive to firms than before gain an advantage over others from integration into global markets. Second, as a competition pressure, trade liberalization forces the least productive firms to exit, resulting in the growth of aggregate productivity in the industry. The three essays presented in this dissertation explore the relationship between international trade and regional productivity in the presence of heterogeneous firms. In the first essay, a theoretical framework is introduced in order to describe how the above two channels, through which trade affects regional productivity, shape a country's spatial distribution of productivity. Results show that industries, each having its own cost-minimizing location, can be spatially relocated within a country via heterogeneous trade liberalization across industries. Moreover, trade intensifies localization for each industry since most firms in an industry move to or gather around their industry-specific cost- minimizing location. The consequent clustering of firms generates additional localization economies. More importantly, the intensification of localization economies can slow or delay the selection process, i.e. exit of low productivity firms, following trade liberalization. These findings suggest that trade openness induces significant industrial and spatial dynamics (entry, exit and survival) within an economy. The second and third essays are empirical tests on the second channel through which trade openness affects regional productivity using county-level data from Korea and firm-level data from India, respectively. In addition to trade liberalization, regional infrastructure is considered to be another competition pressure for domestic firms, i.e. improved infrastructure in a region induces a similar selection process among firms. These empirical essays investigate the effect of falling trade costs and improving domestic infrastructure on the regional variation of raw productivity using a common methodology. That is, a spatial econometric procedure is applied to a production function framework to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) by region and industry, while controlling for potential external and spatial effects. The mean and alternative percentiles of the regional raw productivity distribution are then specified as functions of international and domestic competition indicators. International competition is represented by trade costs, which are estimated as frictions in a gravity-type trade model, while road density is considered to capture the level of a region's infrastructure. In both Korea and India, it is found that trade costs reduction significantly shifted to the right, particularly the 10th percentile value of, the regional productivity distribution. However, a change in the level of infrastructure appears to bring about a higher change in regional productivity relative to a change in the international competition level. Therefore, the relative contribution of trade costs and infrastructure to regional productivity should be evaluated with attention to the costs underlying these options for regional development. Close

• 88. [Article] American local radio journalism: A public interest channel in crisis

  xiii, 229 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT PN4888.R33 S26 2008

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: American local radio journalism: A public interest channel in crisis Author: Sanders, Tyrone, 1951- Year: 2008 xiii, 229 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT PN4888.R33 S26 2008 Title: American local radio journalism: A public interest channel in crisis Author: Sanders, Tyrone, 1951- Year: 2008 xiii, 229 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available from the UO Libraries, under the call number: KNIGHT PN4888.R33 S26 2008 Close

• 89. [Image] Klamath Federal Reclamation Project : Oregon-California

  	- 7' -, > \ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR B U R E A U O F R E C L A M A T I O N U N I T E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G O F F I C E W A S H I N G T O N : 1936 FEDERAL RECLAMATION ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Federal Reclamation Project : Oregon-California Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1936, 2005 - 7' -, > \ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR B U R E A U O F R E C L A M A T I O N U N I T E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G O F F I C E W A S H I N G T O N : 1936 FEDERAL RECLAMATION PROJECT OREGON - CALIFORNIA n )> >> GENERAL STATEMENT THEKla m- ath reclamation project comprises practically all of the agricultural land in the Klamath Basin, except a small area adjacent to Upper Klamath Lake, and is situated in southern Oregon and northern California. The extent of the area irrigated, or that may be irrigated by reason of Bureau of Reclamation activities, is approxi-mately 140,000 acres. This includes about 20,000 acres suitable only for pasture and approximately 12,000 acres of good land in the Tule Lake division not yet opened for settlement. Within the older developed sections of the project the soil is mostly of a sandy loam . type that is particularly suitable for growing potatoes and summer vegetables as well as all of the ordinary crops that thrive in a cool, tem-perate climate. The price of this type of land ranges from $ 100 to $ 200 per acre. The water- right cost, which origi- Klamath Falls, Oregon, the prolect office headquarters nally was about $ 55 per acre, is approximately half paid up. The balance has an average of about 25 years to run without interest. Operation and maintenance costs usually run about $ 1.25 an acre per annum. I R R I G A B L E L A N D S The Tule Lake division of the project, which will eventually comprise about 32,000 acres of agricultural land and about 5,000 acres of thin soil land good only for pasture, carries a construction charge of $ 88.35, with 40 years in A! Klamath : desert. Looking~ southwest up Lan Valley from a point 4 miles west of Lorella, Ore which to pay without interest. No payments have been required to date, but the Secretary of the Interior will soon issue public notice announcing the commencement of pay-ments, which will be approximately $ 2.20 per acre each year. In addition to the construction charge, there is an operation and maintenance charge which will probably run between $ 1.50 and $ 2 un acre a year. These lands are of lacustrian origin and are very fertile. They are particularly adapted to the growth of small grains, alfalfa, and pasture grasses. Patented land in this division sells for $ 50 to $ 100 per acre. Patented lands in private ownership, where of goc; d quality, well improved and conveniently situated, can be purchased for from $ 150 to $ 200 per acre. Good lands not so well improved nor so desirably located sell at around $ 100 per acre. There is very little undeveloped, privately owned good land on the project. Small tracts of 5, 10, or 20 acres, located along paved highways and within 6 to 8 miles of Klamath Falls, are obtainable at from $ 200 to $ 400 per acre. W A T E R S U P P L Y The Klamath project is ! ortunate in having an abundant water supply for all lands susceptible of irrigation. The map on the inside of the back cover page shows the location of the three reservoirs and their immediate proximity to the lands they serve. The irrigable project lands lie between elevations of 4,035 and 4,070 feet above sea level and occupy the Klamath Basin and the Valley of Lost River, situated in south central Oregon and north central California, about 150 miles east of the Pacific coast. The average annual pre-cipitation is 12.51 inches. SCHOOLS Klamath County schools are run on the county unit basis Public School in Klamath Falls and are fully up to standard. Busses run at county expense transport rural children to and from school, and there is no lost time on account of bad weather. Within the county there are 9,242 children of school age, 4,107 of these within the city of Klamath Falls. The high school enrollment for Klamath Falls is 1,156, and for the remainder of the county is 459. There are 9 high schools in the county that employ 62 teachers. The grade schools employ 185 teachers, of whom' 76 are in the city of Klamath Falls. : let of concrete flume, Canal C, of the main project structures R E C R E A T I O N No part of the United States affords more interesting and attractive recreational areas than are found near at hand and in all directions from the Klamath project. From 1 to 2 hours in any kind of an automobile is sufficient to land one on the banks of a cold mountain stream inhabited by many wary trout or alongside the shores of any one of a half dozen crystal lakes, where boating and bathing may be enjoyed to the full. Some of the lakes that are conven-iently located with reference to the project, and where many summer camps as well as extensive hotel and camp accommodations already exist, are Upper Klamath Lake, Lake of the Woods, Crater Lake, Diamond Lake, Crescent I., ake, Ode11 Lake, and Paulina Lake. The most distant of the lot, Paulina Lake, can be reached in 3 hours' driving from Klamath Falls. Some of the important recreational areas lying in convenient distances from the project are shown in the ilh~ strationsa ccompanying this chapter. The principal water supply is in Upper Klamath Lake, where regulation provides a possible storage of about 524,800 acre- feet, and this with the natural inflow insures the lands served from this source an adequate water supply at all times. Under the terms of the contract dated February 24, 1917, between the United States and the California- Oregon Power Co., the power company was given the right to regulate the outflow of Upper Klamath Lake, subject to existing rights and the prior rights of the Klamath project for water for irrigation. To regulate the outflow, the company, in 1921, constructed the Link River Dam at a cost of about $ 310,000. Storage for the lands on the west side of Langell Valley and a portion of the lands in the Horsefly irrigation district is provided by Clear Lake Reservoir. This reservoir, lying just across the line in California, is the source of Lost River and has a total capacity of 454,000 acre- feet, most of which was made available during 1931 by the construction of a channel from the outlet works to the deeper portion of the reservoir, a distance of about 6 miles. The reservoir is also used for flood storage for the protection of lands in the Tule Lake division. Gerber Reservoir, on Miller Creek, a tributary of Lost River, has a storage capacity of 94,000 acre- feet and fur-nishes a water supply for the lands on the east side of Lost River in the Langell Valley division. This reservoir also provides for the storage of flood water for the protection of lands in the Tule Lake division. Water from Upper Klamath Lake is diverted to the main or " A" canal from the east side of Link River, the outlet of the lake, several hundred feet below the lake and a few I I / Klamath River near Klamath Falls k River diversion dam Alfalfa field near Malin, Oreg. Two cuttings are grown, which yield 2- 4 tons per acre on the older project lands, and 3- 6 in Tule Lake section hundred feet above Link River Dam. Water for all lands in the main and pumping divisions and for a portion of the lands in the Tule Lake division are diverted through the " A" canal. Additional water for the lands in the Tule Lake division is diverted from the Klamath River, through the Lost River diversion channel ( reversing the direction of flow), and spilled into Lost River, frcm which it is diverted to the " J" canal at a point about 3 miles southeasterly from Merrill, Oreg. At this point the river level is raised about 12 feet by means of the lower Lost River diversion dam, a concrete structure of the Ambursen type, with a crest length of 204 feet. The Lost River diversion channel leads off from Lost River at a point about 10 miles southeast of Klamath Falls, Oreg., immediately above a hollow U- shaped concrete dam which raises the river level about 23 feet. Prior to the Irrigating a 65- acre field of potatoes; showing application of m irrigation season the flow of Lost River is diverted to the Klamath River and wasted; however, after the spring flood flow of Lost River has passed and water for irrigation in the Tule Lake division is required, the flow of Lost River is ~ assed through the dam and down to the " J" canal. This flow is augmented, when demand is heavy, from Klamath River as indicated ahve. Lands on the east side of Langell Valley division are served by the north canal, which diverts water from Miller Creek at the Miller Creek Dam, located about 6 miles below Gerber Dam. At this point the water surface in Miller Creek is raised by placing flashboards against wooden trestles, the grade of the canal and that of the stream being substan-tially the same elevation. The lands on the west side of Lost River in the Langell Valley division are served by the West Canal, which diverts water from Lost River at the Malone Dam, located about 42 miles southeasterly from Klamath Falls, Oreg. At this point the level of Lost River is raised about 18 feet by means of an earth diversion dam. Clear Lake Reservoir provides storage for the West Canal. TOWNS Klamath Falls, Merrill, Malin, and Bonanza are project towns, the first named being the principal city in southern, Oregon east of the Cascades. It has a population of approximately 16,000 and is the distributing center for a large territory. Klamath County has a population of 32,400, one- half residing in the city of Klamath Falls and perhaps 4,000 more in suburban districts only a few miles away. Merrill and Malin are small towns within the irrigated area with populations of six or seven hundred each. In Klamath Basin are some 1,800 farms and approximately as many farm families. LUMBERING Approximately 30 mills and box factories are in operation, this district being the largest manufacturing center of box shook in the United States. The Klamath district contains the heaviest stand of yellow pine left in the United States. Throughout the spring, summer, and fall all lumber com-panies maintain large pay rolls both in the plants and in the lumber camps. Lumber contributes greatly to the heavy traffic originating at K! amath Falls, making this city the second largest shipping point in Oregon. The majority of the mills and box factories are located in or near Klamath Falls. T R A N S P O R T A T I O N Two main- line railways, the Southern Pacific and Great Northern, enter Klamath Falls and traverse the project throughout its longest dimension. Hard- surfaced highways radiate from Klamath Falls in all directions, connecting with Portland, Sun Francisco, and Salt Lake. These high-ways supplemented by county market roads penetrate all sections of the project, with the result that few farms are more than a mile from a hard- surfaced outlet. CLIMATE The Klamath Basin has a remarkably pleasant and healthful climate. Winters are not cold, and summers are not hot. Precipitation, which amounts to about 12): inches a year on the average, falls mainly from November to April. Late and early frosts are to be expected, and occasionally light frosts occur even in the summer months. me on the Main division of the project A G R I C U L T U R E The principal crops grown are potatoes, alfalfa, small grains, and vegetables. The yield of small grains in the Tule Lake area is unusually high. Oats frequently make 100 bushels per acre; barley runs from 60 to 80; and any good wheat field will thresh out more than 40 bushels per acre. Potatoes, when conditions are right, are par excelience the big money crop. A good yield of tubers is considered to be around 150 sacks of U. S. No. 1' s per acre, and every year a few fields are reported with yields of double that amount. The price for potatoes is unstable, depending on the market demand, and ranges from about 50 cents to $ 1.50 a sack. The quality of Klamath potatoes on the Sun Francisco market is recognized as the best, and the price usually ranges from 10 to 20 cents a sack higher than is paid for Washington and Idaho production. Flock of 6,000 turkeys being fattened for market L I V E S T O C K Cattle. On account of its geographical location, sur-rounded as it is with immense areas of sagebrush plateaus and forest ranges, the Klamath project is, and probably always will be, essentially a stock country. Its cheap forage, abundant water and mild winters offer ideal con-ditions for the wintering of range stock and the fattening of mature animals for market. Favorable feeding- in- transit rates for both grass and feed lot cattle have resulted in the fattening, locally, of thousands of range and outside cattle. The beef industry alone returns approximately $ 900,000 annually. There are several killing and manu-facturing plants located in Klamath Falls. Sheep. Approxinately 150,000 ewes are maintained in the Klamafh Basin with an average annual output of about three- quarters of a million dollars. From 75,000 to 100,000~ lambs~ afraet tened for market each year on the project. Sun Francisco js the principal market. licken ranch. The production of eggs chickens is an important industry A project Holstein dairy her Dairying. The dairying industry is increasing steadily on the project. There are now about 8,000 milk cows in the district. Klamath Falls, with its large industrial popu-lation, furnishes a good market for milk, butter, and cheese. Two local cooperative cheese manufacturing plants and four privately owned creameries operate in the district. The value of the dairy industry is approximately $ 600,000 annually. Local dairy prices for butterfat are maintained at l> e to 2 cents above the State average cwing to the favored position of the project-- half- way between Portland and Sun Francisco. This district offers many opportunities for increased dairying production, as costs are compara-tively low and climatic conditions are favorable. Ewes and lambs on Tule Lake leased lands OREGON - CALIFORNIA MAP NO. 27606 Scale of Miles 1 -- 0 1 2- 3 4 6 1 Title: Klamath Federal Reclamation Project : Oregon-California Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1936, 2005 - 7' -, > \ UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR B U R E A U O F R E C L A M A T I O N U N I T E D S T A T E S G O V E R N M E N T P R I N T I N G O F F I C E W A S H I N G T O N : 1936 FEDERAL RECLAMATION PROJECT OREGON - CALIFORNIA n )> >> GENERAL STATEMENT THEKla m- ath reclamation project comprises practically all of the agricultural land in the Klamath Basin, except a small area adjacent to Upper Klamath Lake, and is situated in southern Oregon and northern California. The extent of the area irrigated, or that may be irrigated by reason of Bureau of Reclamation activities, is approxi-mately 140,000 acres. This includes about 20,000 acres suitable only for pasture and approximately 12,000 acres of good land in the Tule Lake division not yet opened for settlement. Within the older developed sections of the project the soil is mostly of a sandy loam . type that is particularly suitable for growing potatoes and summer vegetables as well as all of the ordinary crops that thrive in a cool, tem-perate climate. The price of this type of land ranges from $ 100 to $ 200 per acre. The water- right cost, which origi- Klamath Falls, Oregon, the prolect office headquarters nally was about $ 55 per acre, is approximately half paid up. The balance has an average of about 25 years to run without interest. Operation and maintenance costs usually run about $ 1.25 an acre per annum. I R R I G A B L E L A N D S The Tule Lake division of the project, which will eventually comprise about 32,000 acres of agricultural land and about 5,000 acres of thin soil land good only for pasture, carries a construction charge of $ 88.35, with 40 years in A! Klamath : desert. Looking~ southwest up Lan Valley from a point 4 miles west of Lorella, Ore which to pay without interest. No payments have been required to date, but the Secretary of the Interior will soon issue public notice announcing the commencement of pay-ments, which will be approximately $ 2.20 per acre each year. In addition to the construction charge, there is an operation and maintenance charge which will probably run between $ 1.50 and $ 2 un acre a year. These lands are of lacustrian origin and are very fertile. They are particularly adapted to the growth of small grains, alfalfa, and pasture grasses. Patented land in this division sells for $ 50 to $ 100 per acre. Patented lands in private ownership, where of goc; d quality, well improved and conveniently situated, can be purchased for from $ 150 to $ 200 per acre. Good lands not so well improved nor so desirably located sell at around $ 100 per acre. There is very little undeveloped, privately owned good land on the project. Small tracts of 5, 10, or 20 acres, located along paved highways and within 6 to 8 miles of Klamath Falls, are obtainable at from $ 200 to $ 400 per acre. W A T E R S U P P L Y The Klamath project is ! ortunate in having an abundant water supply for all lands susceptible of irrigation. The map on the inside of the back cover page shows the location of the three reservoirs and their immediate proximity to the lands they serve. The irrigable project lands lie between elevations of 4,035 and 4,070 feet above sea level and occupy the Klamath Basin and the Valley of Lost River, situated in south central Oregon and north central California, about 150 miles east of the Pacific coast. The average annual pre-cipitation is 12.51 inches. SCHOOLS Klamath County schools are run on the county unit basis Public School in Klamath Falls and are fully up to standard. Busses run at county expense transport rural children to and from school, and there is no lost time on account of bad weather. Within the county there are 9,242 children of school age, 4,107 of these within the city of Klamath Falls. The high school enrollment for Klamath Falls is 1,156, and for the remainder of the county is 459. There are 9 high schools in the county that employ 62 teachers. The grade schools employ 185 teachers, of whom' 76 are in the city of Klamath Falls. : let of concrete flume, Canal C, of the main project structures R E C R E A T I O N No part of the United States affords more interesting and attractive recreational areas than are found near at hand and in all directions from the Klamath project. From 1 to 2 hours in any kind of an automobile is sufficient to land one on the banks of a cold mountain stream inhabited by many wary trout or alongside the shores of any one of a half dozen crystal lakes, where boating and bathing may be enjoyed to the full. Some of the lakes that are conven-iently located with reference to the project, and where many summer camps as well as extensive hotel and camp accommodations already exist, are Upper Klamath Lake, Lake of the Woods, Crater Lake, Diamond Lake, Crescent I., ake, Ode11 Lake, and Paulina Lake. The most distant of the lot, Paulina Lake, can be reached in 3 hours' driving from Klamath Falls. Some of the important recreational areas lying in convenient distances from the project are shown in the ilh~ strationsa ccompanying this chapter. The principal water supply is in Upper Klamath Lake, where regulation provides a possible storage of about 524,800 acre- feet, and this with the natural inflow insures the lands served from this source an adequate water supply at all times. Under the terms of the contract dated February 24, 1917, between the United States and the California- Oregon Power Co., the power company was given the right to regulate the outflow of Upper Klamath Lake, subject to existing rights and the prior rights of the Klamath project for water for irrigation. To regulate the outflow, the company, in 1921, constructed the Link River Dam at a cost of about $ 310,000. Storage for the lands on the west side of Langell Valley and a portion of the lands in the Horsefly irrigation district is provided by Clear Lake Reservoir. This reservoir, lying just across the line in California, is the source of Lost River and has a total capacity of 454,000 acre- feet, most of which was made available during 1931 by the construction of a channel from the outlet works to the deeper portion of the reservoir, a distance of about 6 miles. The reservoir is also used for flood storage for the protection of lands in the Tule Lake division. Gerber Reservoir, on Miller Creek, a tributary of Lost River, has a storage capacity of 94,000 acre- feet and fur-nishes a water supply for the lands on the east side of Lost River in the Langell Valley division. This reservoir also provides for the storage of flood water for the protection of lands in the Tule Lake division. Water from Upper Klamath Lake is diverted to the main or " A" canal from the east side of Link River, the outlet of the lake, several hundred feet below the lake and a few I I / Klamath River near Klamath Falls k River diversion dam Alfalfa field near Malin, Oreg. Two cuttings are grown, which yield 2- 4 tons per acre on the older project lands, and 3- 6 in Tule Lake section hundred feet above Link River Dam. Water for all lands in the main and pumping divisions and for a portion of the lands in the Tule Lake division are diverted through the " A" canal. Additional water for the lands in the Tule Lake division is diverted from the Klamath River, through the Lost River diversion channel ( reversing the direction of flow), and spilled into Lost River, frcm which it is diverted to the " J" canal at a point about 3 miles southeasterly from Merrill, Oreg. At this point the river level is raised about 12 feet by means of the lower Lost River diversion dam, a concrete structure of the Ambursen type, with a crest length of 204 feet. The Lost River diversion channel leads off from Lost River at a point about 10 miles southeast of Klamath Falls, Oreg., immediately above a hollow U- shaped concrete dam which raises the river level about 23 feet. Prior to the Irrigating a 65- acre field of potatoes; showing application of m irrigation season the flow of Lost River is diverted to the Klamath River and wasted; however, after the spring flood flow of Lost River has passed and water for irrigation in the Tule Lake division is required, the flow of Lost River is ~ assed through the dam and down to the " J" canal. This flow is augmented, when demand is heavy, from Klamath River as indicated ahve. Lands on the east side of Langell Valley division are served by the north canal, which diverts water from Miller Creek at the Miller Creek Dam, located about 6 miles below Gerber Dam. At this point the water surface in Miller Creek is raised by placing flashboards against wooden trestles, the grade of the canal and that of the stream being substan-tially the same elevation. The lands on the west side of Lost River in the Langell Valley division are served by the West Canal, which diverts water from Lost River at the Malone Dam, located about 42 miles southeasterly from Klamath Falls, Oreg. At this point the level of Lost River is raised about 18 feet by means of an earth diversion dam. Clear Lake Reservoir provides storage for the West Canal. TOWNS Klamath Falls, Merrill, Malin, and Bonanza are project towns, the first named being the principal city in southern, Oregon east of the Cascades. It has a population of approximately 16,000 and is the distributing center for a large territory. Klamath County has a population of 32,400, one- half residing in the city of Klamath Falls and perhaps 4,000 more in suburban districts only a few miles away. Merrill and Malin are small towns within the irrigated area with populations of six or seven hundred each. In Klamath Basin are some 1,800 farms and approximately as many farm families. LUMBERING Approximately 30 mills and box factories are in operation, this district being the largest manufacturing center of box shook in the United States. The Klamath district contains the heaviest stand of yellow pine left in the United States. Throughout the spring, summer, and fall all lumber com-panies maintain large pay rolls both in the plants and in the lumber camps. Lumber contributes greatly to the heavy traffic originating at K! amath Falls, making this city the second largest shipping point in Oregon. The majority of the mills and box factories are located in or near Klamath Falls. T R A N S P O R T A T I O N Two main- line railways, the Southern Pacific and Great Northern, enter Klamath Falls and traverse the project throughout its longest dimension. Hard- surfaced highways radiate from Klamath Falls in all directions, connecting with Portland, Sun Francisco, and Salt Lake. These high-ways supplemented by county market roads penetrate all sections of the project, with the result that few farms are more than a mile from a hard- surfaced outlet. CLIMATE The Klamath Basin has a remarkably pleasant and healthful climate. Winters are not cold, and summers are not hot. Precipitation, which amounts to about 12): inches a year on the average, falls mainly from November to April. Late and early frosts are to be expected, and occasionally light frosts occur even in the summer months. me on the Main division of the project A G R I C U L T U R E The principal crops grown are potatoes, alfalfa, small grains, and vegetables. The yield of small grains in the Tule Lake area is unusually high. Oats frequently make 100 bushels per acre; barley runs from 60 to 80; and any good wheat field will thresh out more than 40 bushels per acre. Potatoes, when conditions are right, are par excelience the big money crop. A good yield of tubers is considered to be around 150 sacks of U. S. No. 1' s per acre, and every year a few fields are reported with yields of double that amount. The price for potatoes is unstable, depending on the market demand, and ranges from about 50 cents to $ 1.50 a sack. The quality of Klamath potatoes on the Sun Francisco market is recognized as the best, and the price usually ranges from 10 to 20 cents a sack higher than is paid for Washington and Idaho production. Flock of 6,000 turkeys being fattened for market L I V E S T O C K Cattle. On account of its geographical location, sur-rounded as it is with immense areas of sagebrush plateaus and forest ranges, the Klamath project is, and probably always will be, essentially a stock country. Its cheap forage, abundant water and mild winters offer ideal con-ditions for the wintering of range stock and the fattening of mature animals for market. Favorable feeding- in- transit rates for both grass and feed lot cattle have resulted in the fattening, locally, of thousands of range and outside cattle. The beef industry alone returns approximately $ 900,000 annually. There are several killing and manu-facturing plants located in Klamath Falls. Sheep. Approxinately 150,000 ewes are maintained in the Klamafh Basin with an average annual output of about three- quarters of a million dollars. From 75,000 to 100,000~ lambs~ afraet tened for market each year on the project. Sun Francisco js the principal market. licken ranch. The production of eggs chickens is an important industry A project Holstein dairy her Dairying. The dairying industry is increasing steadily on the project. There are now about 8,000 milk cows in the district. Klamath Falls, with its large industrial popu-lation, furnishes a good market for milk, butter, and cheese. Two local cooperative cheese manufacturing plants and four privately owned creameries operate in the district. The value of the dairy industry is approximately $ 600,000 annually. Local dairy prices for butterfat are maintained at l> e to 2 cents above the State average cwing to the favored position of the project-- half- way between Portland and Sun Francisco. This district offers many opportunities for increased dairying production, as costs are compara-tively low and climatic conditions are favorable. Ewes and lambs on Tule Lake leased lands OREGON - CALIFORNIA MAP NO. 27606 Scale of Miles 1 -- 0 1 2- 3 4 6 1 Close

• 90. [Image] Oregon aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement guide

  	"May 1999"
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement guide Author: Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Year: 1999, 2005, 2004 "May 1999" Title: Oregon aquatic habitat restoration and enhancement guide Author: Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Year: 1999, 2005, 2004 "May 1999" Close

• 91. [Article] Evaluation of a prototype NIR system for Douglas-fir wood density estimation

  Forest products companies in the U.S. face vigorous competition from other wood producers around the world and other industries (steel, aluminum, plastics, composites). To be competitive, forest companies ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of a prototype NIR system for Douglas-fir wood density estimation Author: Belart Lengerich, Maria Francisca Forest products companies in the U.S. face vigorous competition from other wood producers around the world and other industries (steel, aluminum, plastics, composites). To be competitive, forest companies need to control costs, sort and allocate logs to the most appropriate markets, and recover more value at time of harvest. Interest in log sorting based on internal wood properties is increasing. Wood properties, such as stiffness and density, are now being considered by log buyers. Assessing these properties in-forest and in real-time will be a challenge for log supply managers. The utility of near infrared (NIR) technology for measuring wood density is showing promise in laboratory conditions. The rationale behind this study was to evaluate NIR under conditions that are similar to field harvesting operations to estimate log density. Douglas-fir wood samples (110 disks) were collected from the McDonald-Dunn forest and processed in the OSU Oak Creek laboratories. Processing conditions were organized to simulate a harvester processor environment by using a chainsaw, and then channeling the chips with a chute to concentrate chips to move past an NIR sensor. This apparatus was intended to mimic a sensor system fitted to a harvester head.. A rugged Prospectra D² NIR sensor was used to collect spectral data. The generated spectra were analyzed in two forms, as raw data (without any transformations) and a transformed data (2nd derivative). Then, four types of calibration models were applied to predict log density: (1) models that used tree parameters only as a predictor (the simple model), (2) models that used NIR absorbance data and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis procedures , (3) models that used NIR absorbance data and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis procedures, and (4) models that used a mix of NIR absorbance data and tree parameter data and MLR analysis procedures. The goal of the models was to use the NIR data to predict the density of the log that has been cut. Model results were also obtained for validation (full cross validation) and calibration sets. Data analysis suggests that correlations for calibration sets (R) were high, but when validation was applied there were large drops in R values. The best fit model was the simple model, the model that did not include NIR data as predictors. Our interpretation of why the simple model was the best fit is that there is great variability of wood characteristics across the stem section, that there was morphological problems associated with how we presented the samples, and that we used a narrower spectral range of NIR compared to the range used in earlier studies. Title: Evaluation of a prototype NIR system for Douglas-fir wood density estimation Author: Belart Lengerich, Maria Francisca Forest products companies in the U.S. face vigorous competition from other wood producers around the world and other industries (steel, aluminum, plastics, composites). To be competitive, forest companies need to control costs, sort and allocate logs to the most appropriate markets, and recover more value at time of harvest. Interest in log sorting based on internal wood properties is increasing. Wood properties, such as stiffness and density, are now being considered by log buyers. Assessing these properties in-forest and in real-time will be a challenge for log supply managers. The utility of near infrared (NIR) technology for measuring wood density is showing promise in laboratory conditions. The rationale behind this study was to evaluate NIR under conditions that are similar to field harvesting operations to estimate log density. Douglas-fir wood samples (110 disks) were collected from the McDonald-Dunn forest and processed in the OSU Oak Creek laboratories. Processing conditions were organized to simulate a harvester processor environment by using a chainsaw, and then channeling the chips with a chute to concentrate chips to move past an NIR sensor. This apparatus was intended to mimic a sensor system fitted to a harvester head.. A rugged Prospectra D² NIR sensor was used to collect spectral data. The generated spectra were analyzed in two forms, as raw data (without any transformations) and a transformed data (2nd derivative). Then, four types of calibration models were applied to predict log density: (1) models that used tree parameters only as a predictor (the simple model), (2) models that used NIR absorbance data and Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis procedures , (3) models that used NIR absorbance data and Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis procedures, and (4) models that used a mix of NIR absorbance data and tree parameter data and MLR analysis procedures. The goal of the models was to use the NIR data to predict the density of the log that has been cut. Model results were also obtained for validation (full cross validation) and calibration sets. Data analysis suggests that correlations for calibration sets (R) were high, but when validation was applied there were large drops in R values. The best fit model was the simple model, the model that did not include NIR data as predictors. Our interpretation of why the simple model was the best fit is that there is great variability of wood characteristics across the stem section, that there was morphological problems associated with how we presented the samples, and that we used a narrower spectral range of NIR compared to the range used in earlier studies. Close

• 92. [Article] Highlights in the changing resource perception and land use of the Willamette River flood plain, Albany-Corvallis area

  Taking advantage of a favorable physical system but also risking the hazards of flooding, man has long occupied flood plain land. He has attempted to adjust rivers to his needs in order to reduce flood ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Highlights in the changing resource perception and land use of the Willamette River flood plain, Albany-Corvallis area Author: Lewis, Anthony J. Taking advantage of a favorable physical system but also risking the hazards of flooding, man has long occupied flood plain land. He has attempted to adjust rivers to his needs in order to reduce flood loss, but the rising cost of flood protection accompanied by an increase in flood damage potential warrants that a course of human adjustment be undertaken on occupied flood plains. The flood plain of the Willamette River between Albany and Corvallis, Oregon provides an opportunity to study the resource use of a flood plain in a relatively youthful stage of economic development, having the physical as sets and limitations of most flood plains. By studying the physical system and changing resource utilization of this flood plain, an evaluation has been made of the present and possible future use of its resource base. Land use has evolved from a primitive stage of hunting, fishing, and gathering to intensive agricultural endeavors with some residential and commercial development. Resource utilization during the same period has changed from a dependence on the flora and fauna for food and clothing to a dependence on the soil and climate, flood protection, markets, labor, and so forth. The change has been towards a more intensive, higher valued use of the land with more sophisticated land management practices. A relatively satisfactory arrangement of land use presently exists on the Albany-Corvallis flood plain; however, present land use practices in the study area reflect a rational use of flood subjected land primarily because the pressures of industrial and commercial development have not yet been heavily felt. Residential expansion, however, has taken place at an alarming rate. Many of the human adjustments suggested by Gilbert White in his flood plain studies at the University of Chicago are applicable to a future course of orderly occupance for the Albany-Corvallis flood plain. One of the more applicable local forms of adjustment is the directing of flood plain use which involves land elevation, land use regulation, structural modifications, flood insurance, relief, and better warning systems. The construction of engineering works for flood abatement represents the traditional form of river adjustment in the Willamette Basin. The building of storage dams upstream of the study area has lowered the height of the flood crest but has also given many flood plain dwellers a feeling of false security. Channel improvements and bank revetments are the main form of river adjustment in the study area, and they help to reduce the danger of crop drowning and to control bank erosion. Title: Highlights in the changing resource perception and land use of the Willamette River flood plain, Albany-Corvallis area Author: Lewis, Anthony J. Taking advantage of a favorable physical system but also risking the hazards of flooding, man has long occupied flood plain land. He has attempted to adjust rivers to his needs in order to reduce flood loss, but the rising cost of flood protection accompanied by an increase in flood damage potential warrants that a course of human adjustment be undertaken on occupied flood plains. The flood plain of the Willamette River between Albany and Corvallis, Oregon provides an opportunity to study the resource use of a flood plain in a relatively youthful stage of economic development, having the physical as sets and limitations of most flood plains. By studying the physical system and changing resource utilization of this flood plain, an evaluation has been made of the present and possible future use of its resource base. Land use has evolved from a primitive stage of hunting, fishing, and gathering to intensive agricultural endeavors with some residential and commercial development. Resource utilization during the same period has changed from a dependence on the flora and fauna for food and clothing to a dependence on the soil and climate, flood protection, markets, labor, and so forth. The change has been towards a more intensive, higher valued use of the land with more sophisticated land management practices. A relatively satisfactory arrangement of land use presently exists on the Albany-Corvallis flood plain; however, present land use practices in the study area reflect a rational use of flood subjected land primarily because the pressures of industrial and commercial development have not yet been heavily felt. Residential expansion, however, has taken place at an alarming rate. Many of the human adjustments suggested by Gilbert White in his flood plain studies at the University of Chicago are applicable to a future course of orderly occupance for the Albany-Corvallis flood plain. One of the more applicable local forms of adjustment is the directing of flood plain use which involves land elevation, land use regulation, structural modifications, flood insurance, relief, and better warning systems. The construction of engineering works for flood abatement represents the traditional form of river adjustment in the Willamette Basin. The building of storage dams upstream of the study area has lowered the height of the flood crest but has also given many flood plain dwellers a feeling of false security. Channel improvements and bank revetments are the main form of river adjustment in the study area, and they help to reduce the danger of crop drowning and to control bank erosion. Close

• 93. [Article] Exiled records and over-the-counterculture: A cultural political economic analysis of the independent record store

  xvi, 436 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Exiled records and over-the-counterculture: A cultural political economic analysis of the independent record store Author: Gracon, David D., 1976- Year: 2011, 2010 xvi, 436 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Title: Exiled records and over-the-counterculture: A cultural political economic analysis of the independent record store Author: Gracon, David D., 1976- Year: 2011, 2010 xvi, 436 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Close

• 94. [Article] Resource allocation methods for quality-of-service provisioning in heterogeneous wireless networks

  The increased use of mobile wireless devices that we have recently been witnessing, such as smartphones, tablets, e-readers, and WiFi enabled devices in general, is driving an unprecedented increase in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Resource allocation methods for quality-of-service provisioning in heterogeneous wireless networks Author: Chakchouk, Nessrine The increased use of mobile wireless devices that we have recently been witnessing, such as smartphones, tablets, e-readers, and WiFi enabled devices in general, is driving an unprecedented increase in the amount of data traffic. This fast market adoption of the wireless technology along with the tremendous success of multimedia applications brought about higher capacity, connectivity, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements that can no longer be met with traditional networking paradigms. As a result, heterogeneous wireless networks have recently emerged as a potential solution for meeting such new requirements. Hybrid wireless mesh networks and femtocell/macrocell networks are examples of these newly emerging heterogeneous networks. While mesh networks are viewed as the backbone/core network, femtocell and cellular networks are viewed as the access networks linking end-users with the backbone networks. In this dissertation, we address the problem of resource allocation in heterogeneous networks. We investigate both types of networks/architectures: next-generation wireless backbone networks or simply wireless mesh networks (WMNs) and next-generation wireless access networks or simply femtocell (FC) networks. WMNs were first introduced to foster the availability of Internet services anywhere and at anytime. However, capacity limitation has been a fundamental challenge to WMNs, mainly due to the interference arising from the wireless nature of the environment as well as to the scarcity of the radio/channel resources. To overcome this problem, we propose in this dissertation an efficient scheduling scheme that reduces interference among active links via wise time and frequency assignments to the wireless mesh routers. The developed scheme is traffic aware in that it maximizes the capacity of wireless links but while accounting for their traffic loads, thus meeting the end-to-end bandwidth requirements as much as possible. In the second part of this thesis, we focus on developing power allocation techniques for FC networks. FCs have recently emerged as a key networking solution that has great potential for improving the capacity and coverage of traditional macrocell (MC) networks through high-speed indoor coverage. Their deployment, however, has given rise to new interference challenges which are mainly due to the FCs' autonomous nature and to the unreliability of the wireless medium. Driven by this fact, in the second part of this thesis, we first design a fully-distributed estimation-based power allocation scheme that aims at fairly maximizing the capacity of FC networks. Second, we propose a novel distributed stochastic power control scheme that aims at maintaining the users' minimum= required QoS. Finally, we provide cross-layer performance analysis of two-tier FC networks, in which we characterize the uplink interference and study its impact on the data-link layer QoS performance in FC networks. Title: Resource allocation methods for quality-of-service provisioning in heterogeneous wireless networks Author: Chakchouk, Nessrine The increased use of mobile wireless devices that we have recently been witnessing, such as smartphones, tablets, e-readers, and WiFi enabled devices in general, is driving an unprecedented increase in the amount of data traffic. This fast market adoption of the wireless technology along with the tremendous success of multimedia applications brought about higher capacity, connectivity, and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements that can no longer be met with traditional networking paradigms. As a result, heterogeneous wireless networks have recently emerged as a potential solution for meeting such new requirements. Hybrid wireless mesh networks and femtocell/macrocell networks are examples of these newly emerging heterogeneous networks. While mesh networks are viewed as the backbone/core network, femtocell and cellular networks are viewed as the access networks linking end-users with the backbone networks. In this dissertation, we address the problem of resource allocation in heterogeneous networks. We investigate both types of networks/architectures: next-generation wireless backbone networks or simply wireless mesh networks (WMNs) and next-generation wireless access networks or simply femtocell (FC) networks. WMNs were first introduced to foster the availability of Internet services anywhere and at anytime. However, capacity limitation has been a fundamental challenge to WMNs, mainly due to the interference arising from the wireless nature of the environment as well as to the scarcity of the radio/channel resources. To overcome this problem, we propose in this dissertation an efficient scheduling scheme that reduces interference among active links via wise time and frequency assignments to the wireless mesh routers. The developed scheme is traffic aware in that it maximizes the capacity of wireless links but while accounting for their traffic loads, thus meeting the end-to-end bandwidth requirements as much as possible. In the second part of this thesis, we focus on developing power allocation techniques for FC networks. FCs have recently emerged as a key networking solution that has great potential for improving the capacity and coverage of traditional macrocell (MC) networks through high-speed indoor coverage. Their deployment, however, has given rise to new interference challenges which are mainly due to the FCs' autonomous nature and to the unreliability of the wireless medium. Driven by this fact, in the second part of this thesis, we first design a fully-distributed estimation-based power allocation scheme that aims at fairly maximizing the capacity of FC networks. Second, we propose a novel distributed stochastic power control scheme that aims at maintaining the users' minimum= required QoS. Finally, we provide cross-layer performance analysis of two-tier FC networks, in which we characterize the uplink interference and study its impact on the data-link layer QoS performance in FC networks. Close

• 95. [Image] Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1946

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1946 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1946, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1946 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1946, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 96. [Image] The Water Report - Hydro relicensing OR/CA: fish passage

  	Only portions of issues of The Water Report are available in the Klamath Waters Digital Library. See the full report at http://www.thewaterreport.com/
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Water Report - Hydro relicensing OR/CA: fish passage Author: Envirotech Publications Year: 2006, 2008 Only portions of issues of The Water Report are available in the Klamath Waters Digital Library. See the full report at http://www.thewaterreport.com/ Title: The Water Report - Hydro relicensing OR/CA: fish passage Author: Envirotech Publications Year: 2006, 2008 Only portions of issues of The Water Report are available in the Klamath Waters Digital Library. See the full report at http://www.thewaterreport.com/ Close

• 97. [Image] Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1947

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1947 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1947, 2008, 2004 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1947 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1947, 2008, 2004 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 98. [Image] Draft upper Williamson River Watershed assessment

  	"Prepared for Klamath Basin Ecosystem Foundation, and the Upper Williamson River Catchment Group, in cooperation with the Upper Klamath Basin Working Group, and the Klamath Watershed Council."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Draft upper Williamson River Watershed assessment Author: David Evans and Associates, Inc. Year: 2004, 2005 "Prepared for Klamath Basin Ecosystem Foundation, and the Upper Williamson River Catchment Group, in cooperation with the Upper Klamath Basin Working Group, and the Klamath Watershed Council." Title: Draft upper Williamson River Watershed assessment Author: David Evans and Associates, Inc. Year: 2004, 2005 "Prepared for Klamath Basin Ecosystem Foundation, and the Upper Williamson River Catchment Group, in cooperation with the Upper Klamath Basin Working Group, and the Klamath Watershed Council." Close

• 99. [Image] The Third Klamath Basin Watershed Restoration and Research Conference

  	Cover title; "March 1999."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Third Klamath Basin Watershed Restoration and Research Conference Year: 1999, 2004 Cover title; "March 1999." Title: The Third Klamath Basin Watershed Restoration and Research Conference Year: 1999, 2004 Cover title; "March 1999." Close

• 100. [Image] Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds biennial report, 2005-2007

  	The Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Biennial Report 2005-2007. This is the sixth report on the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The report provides an update on the accomplishments and continuing ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds biennial report, 2005-2007 Author: Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Year: 2006, 2007 The Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Biennial Report 2005-2007. This is the sixth report on the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The report provides an update on the accomplishments and continuing efforts of people throughout Oregon to improve and protect clean water and recover and maintain healthy populations offish and wildlife in our watersheds. The Oregon Plan is unique because it engages communities in the restoration and long-term stewardship of their watersheds. This extraordinary effort encourages local partnerships and voluntary actions to improve the conditions of our watersheds. Over the years, these actions have made Oregon a national leader in local cooperative conservation. This report collects project and condition data, voluntary private lands restoration information, and agency program accomplishments under the Oregon Plan. Consistent with the past two reports, this document continues to provide specific data on each of the state's fifteen reporting basins. A new element to this report is the inclusion of stories about the people, partnerships, and on-the-ground projects that are benefiting watersheds and communities across the state. Thanks to the many Oregon Plan partners who contributed to this report. Thomas M. Byler Executive Director Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Title: Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds biennial report, 2005-2007 Author: Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Year: 2006, 2007 The Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Biennial Report 2005-2007. This is the sixth report on the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The report provides an update on the accomplishments and continuing efforts of people throughout Oregon to improve and protect clean water and recover and maintain healthy populations offish and wildlife in our watersheds. The Oregon Plan is unique because it engages communities in the restoration and long-term stewardship of their watersheds. This extraordinary effort encourages local partnerships and voluntary actions to improve the conditions of our watersheds. Over the years, these actions have made Oregon a national leader in local cooperative conservation. This report collects project and condition data, voluntary private lands restoration information, and agency program accomplishments under the Oregon Plan. Consistent with the past two reports, this document continues to provide specific data on each of the state's fifteen reporting basins. A new element to this report is the inclusion of stories about the people, partnerships, and on-the-ground projects that are benefiting watersheds and communities across the state. Thanks to the many Oregon Plan partners who contributed to this report. Thomas M. Byler Executive Director Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Close