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• 81. [Article] Negative behavior exhibited by preschool children in same-age versus mixed-age groups

  Perhaps due to the increase in the workforce of mothers with young children, much attention has been directed in the past decade towards the subject of out-of-home child care. In order to gain further ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Negative behavior exhibited by preschool children in same-age versus mixed-age groups Author: Sheppard, Laura Janine Year: 1985 Perhaps due to the increase in the workforce of mothers with young children, much attention has been directed in the past decade towards the subject of out-of-home child care. In order to gain further understanding of the socialization of preschool children, an observational study was carried out which was designed to measure the amount of negative behavior expressed by children participating in mixed-age versus same-age preschool groups. Title: Negative behavior exhibited by preschool children in same-age versus mixed-age groups Author: Sheppard, Laura Janine Year: 1985 Perhaps due to the increase in the workforce of mothers with young children, much attention has been directed in the past decade towards the subject of out-of-home child care. In order to gain further understanding of the socialization of preschool children, an observational study was carried out which was designed to measure the amount of negative behavior expressed by children participating in mixed-age versus same-age preschool groups. Close

• 82. [Article] Optimal harvesting of continuous age structured populations

  We investigate the optimal harvesting strategies for McKendrick type population models. Models of this type endow the population with a continuous age structure. They consist of a partial differential ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Optimal harvesting of continuous age structured populations Author: Smith, Steven J. We investigate the optimal harvesting strategies for McKendrick type population models. Models of this type endow the population with a continuous age structure. They consist of a partial differential equation with a boundary condition which involves an integral of the solution. We study two problems, the first concerns the yield on an infinite time interval of a linear model. It is shown that an optimal policy exists, and that it consists of harvesting at no more than three specific ages. The optimal harvesting ages are dependent on the birth and death rates, and the economic parameters of the problem. The goal of the second problem is to find the harvesting policy that maximizes the sustainable yield of a nonlinear model. It is shown that a maximal sustainable yield exists, and is accomplished by harvesting at only two ages. Title: Optimal harvesting of continuous age structured populations Author: Smith, Steven J. We investigate the optimal harvesting strategies for McKendrick type population models. Models of this type endow the population with a continuous age structure. They consist of a partial differential equation with a boundary condition which involves an integral of the solution. We study two problems, the first concerns the yield on an infinite time interval of a linear model. It is shown that an optimal policy exists, and that it consists of harvesting at no more than three specific ages. The optimal harvesting ages are dependent on the birth and death rates, and the economic parameters of the problem. The goal of the second problem is to find the harvesting policy that maximizes the sustainable yield of a nonlinear model. It is shown that a maximal sustainable yield exists, and is accomplished by harvesting at only two ages. Close

• 83. [Article] Mechanisms that influence the posttranslational modification of the GluN2B subunit in the aged brain

  Memory is essential to everyday life. As we age, deficits in memory become apparent. The toll of age-related cognitive impairment can be devastating to families and costly to society. The NMDA receptor ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mechanisms that influence the posttranslational modification of the GluN2B subunit in the aged brain Author: Zamzow, Daniel R. Memory is essential to everyday life. As we age, deficits in memory become apparent. The toll of age-related cognitive impairment can be devastating to families and costly to society. The NMDA receptor is a molecule in the brain that is instrumental in the formation of memories. The receptor is particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. Of the fourteen known subunits, the GluN2B subunit has the greatest effect on memory. The subunit also suffers from the greatest loss of expression due to aging. The present study examines the interactions of GluN2B with other proteins and quantifies the changes in posttranslational modification with age. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to measure the interaction of GluN2B with the scaffolding molecules PSD-95 and GIPC in synaptosomes from the frontal cortex of behaviorally characterized mice of three ages. The interaction between GluN2A and GluN2B was also measured. There were more PSD-95 and GluN2A molecules per GluN2B with age. The increased PSD-95/GluN2B relationship in old mice was associated with poorer memory. The GIPC/GluN2B relationship also correlated with spatial reference memory. The GluN2B/GluN2A relationship indicated an increase in triheteromeric receptors in the aged mouse, but it did not correlate with memory declines during aging. These results suggest that an age-related increase in PSD-95/GluN2B is detrimental to memory. Young and old mice were behaviorally characterized and homogenates from the frontal cortex and hippocampus were separated by differential centrifugation followed by lysis in Triton X-100. Western blots containing proteins from each cellular fraction were probed with antibodies for several proteins in the NMDA receptor complex. There was an age-related increase in p1472 in the synaptic fraction from the frontal cortex and an increase in the 115 kDa calpain-mediated cleavage product of GluN2B in the extrasynaptic fraction of old mice with good reference memory. Fyn was increased and p1336 was decreased in the synaptic membranes of poor learners. The percentage of GluN2B, GluN2A, Fyn, and PSD-95 molecules that were palmitoylated increased in an age-dependent manner in the frontal cortex, but not the hippocampus. The thioesterase, APT1, also had an age-related increase in palmitoylation in the frontal cortex. These results suggest that the palmitoylation cycle may be perturbed in the frontal cortex of aged brains and this may influence further processing of the GluN2B subunit. In the last study we attempted to lower levels of protein palmitoylation in aged mice by lowering systemic levels of palmitate. Xanthohumol is a flavonoid from hops that increases beta-oxidation in the liver thereby decreasing systemic levels of fatty acids. Mice were fed a diet supplemented with xanthohumol and behaviorally characterized in the Morris water maze. There was a small treatment effect on cognitive flexibility in the young mice, but this appeared to be a recovery from the negative effects of a phytoestrogen-deficient diet. Treatment with xanthohumol significantly lowered levels of palmitate in the plasma of old mice, but palmitoyl-CoA and protein palmitoylation was unaffected. These results suggest that there may be some promise in using xanthohumol for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, but it may not be suitable for lowering levels of protein palmitoylation in the brain. These results presented in this thesis suggest that an age-related increase in palmitoylation of GluN2B and NMDA receptor effector proteins in the brain may affect the function of neurons in the frontal cortex in two ways. First, increased p1472 enhances clustering of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors on the synaptic membrane, thereby preserving memory in some old mice. Second, an age-related increase in the calpain-mediated cleavage of GluN2B may eventually lead to increased cell death. Interventions that reduce systemic levels of palmitate may not be effective in treating memory deficits. What is needed is a greater understanding of the mechanisms that govern the palmitoylation cycle in brain in order to design more targeted interventions in the future. Title: Mechanisms that influence the posttranslational modification of the GluN2B subunit in the aged brain Author: Zamzow, Daniel R. Memory is essential to everyday life. As we age, deficits in memory become apparent. The toll of age-related cognitive impairment can be devastating to families and costly to society. The NMDA receptor is a molecule in the brain that is instrumental in the formation of memories. The receptor is particularly vulnerable to the effects of aging. Of the fourteen known subunits, the GluN2B subunit has the greatest effect on memory. The subunit also suffers from the greatest loss of expression due to aging. The present study examines the interactions of GluN2B with other proteins and quantifies the changes in posttranslational modification with age. Co-immunoprecipitation was used to measure the interaction of GluN2B with the scaffolding molecules PSD-95 and GIPC in synaptosomes from the frontal cortex of behaviorally characterized mice of three ages. The interaction between GluN2A and GluN2B was also measured. There were more PSD-95 and GluN2A molecules per GluN2B with age. The increased PSD-95/GluN2B relationship in old mice was associated with poorer memory. The GIPC/GluN2B relationship also correlated with spatial reference memory. The GluN2B/GluN2A relationship indicated an increase in triheteromeric receptors in the aged mouse, but it did not correlate with memory declines during aging. These results suggest that an age-related increase in PSD-95/GluN2B is detrimental to memory. Young and old mice were behaviorally characterized and homogenates from the frontal cortex and hippocampus were separated by differential centrifugation followed by lysis in Triton X-100. Western blots containing proteins from each cellular fraction were probed with antibodies for several proteins in the NMDA receptor complex. There was an age-related increase in p1472 in the synaptic fraction from the frontal cortex and an increase in the 115 kDa calpain-mediated cleavage product of GluN2B in the extrasynaptic fraction of old mice with good reference memory. Fyn was increased and p1336 was decreased in the synaptic membranes of poor learners. The percentage of GluN2B, GluN2A, Fyn, and PSD-95 molecules that were palmitoylated increased in an age-dependent manner in the frontal cortex, but not the hippocampus. The thioesterase, APT1, also had an age-related increase in palmitoylation in the frontal cortex. These results suggest that the palmitoylation cycle may be perturbed in the frontal cortex of aged brains and this may influence further processing of the GluN2B subunit. In the last study we attempted to lower levels of protein palmitoylation in aged mice by lowering systemic levels of palmitate. Xanthohumol is a flavonoid from hops that increases beta-oxidation in the liver thereby decreasing systemic levels of fatty acids. Mice were fed a diet supplemented with xanthohumol and behaviorally characterized in the Morris water maze. There was a small treatment effect on cognitive flexibility in the young mice, but this appeared to be a recovery from the negative effects of a phytoestrogen-deficient diet. Treatment with xanthohumol significantly lowered levels of palmitate in the plasma of old mice, but palmitoyl-CoA and protein palmitoylation was unaffected. These results suggest that there may be some promise in using xanthohumol for the treatment of metabolic syndrome, but it may not be suitable for lowering levels of protein palmitoylation in the brain. These results presented in this thesis suggest that an age-related increase in palmitoylation of GluN2B and NMDA receptor effector proteins in the brain may affect the function of neurons in the frontal cortex in two ways. First, increased p1472 enhances clustering of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors on the synaptic membrane, thereby preserving memory in some old mice. Second, an age-related increase in the calpain-mediated cleavage of GluN2B may eventually lead to increased cell death. Interventions that reduce systemic levels of palmitate may not be effective in treating memory deficits. What is needed is a greater understanding of the mechanisms that govern the palmitoylation cycle in brain in order to design more targeted interventions in the future. Close

• 84. [Article] Aging in place : a contemporary social phenomenon

  Most aging individuals prefer to remain in a self-determined home environment, and generally aging adults want to remain in the same home or same community. The benefits of remaining in a self-determined ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aging in place : a contemporary social phenomenon Author: Lee, Megan (Megan Elizabeth) Most aging individuals prefer to remain in a self-determined home environment, and generally aging adults want to remain in the same home or same community. The benefits of remaining in a self-determined private home environment while aging have been established. Because individuals present a diversity of needs, it takes interdisciplinary and multifaceted approaches with options to keep older adults in their communities. Aging in place (AIP) represents an interdisciplinary approach to creating options that facilitate remaining in a self-determine environment. The purpose of this research was to examine the current state of the interdisciplinary concept aging in place (AIP). The need to understand AIP is more globally relevant as the U.S. becomes an aging society facing rapid change due to technology, globalization, and mobility. Guided by the tenants of theory development, and the ecological model of housing choice, two manuscripts were developed focusing on the current state of AIP. The first research study titled, An Evolutionary Concept Analysis: Aging in Place, used the content analysis method to examine the concept across diverse disciplines. A derived definition was developed that includes research, practice, policy, and those individuals involved in the aging process. The definition reflects the contemporary state of AIP and can be used for theory development and to unify all users of the AIP concept. The second research study titled, The Current State of Older Women Aging in Place in Oregon, used qualitative case study methods to examine seven cases of aging in place. The aim of the project was to examine seven women’s current and past experiences, and the dynamic process of aging in place in a self-determined private home environment. Two common themes were identified (1) The AIP reflects the woman’s process of self-preserving actions that maintain current AIP independence, and (2) AIP situational independence suggests that the participants’ pathways to their current AIP began after they each experienced an individualized trigger event. The findings have theoretical and practice implications that provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to identifying the current status of AIP and the development of options that facilitate the AIP process. Title: Aging in place : a contemporary social phenomenon Author: Lee, Megan (Megan Elizabeth) Most aging individuals prefer to remain in a self-determined home environment, and generally aging adults want to remain in the same home or same community. The benefits of remaining in a self-determined private home environment while aging have been established. Because individuals present a diversity of needs, it takes interdisciplinary and multifaceted approaches with options to keep older adults in their communities. Aging in place (AIP) represents an interdisciplinary approach to creating options that facilitate remaining in a self-determine environment. The purpose of this research was to examine the current state of the interdisciplinary concept aging in place (AIP). The need to understand AIP is more globally relevant as the U.S. becomes an aging society facing rapid change due to technology, globalization, and mobility. Guided by the tenants of theory development, and the ecological model of housing choice, two manuscripts were developed focusing on the current state of AIP. The first research study titled, An Evolutionary Concept Analysis: Aging in Place, used the content analysis method to examine the concept across diverse disciplines. A derived definition was developed that includes research, practice, policy, and those individuals involved in the aging process. The definition reflects the contemporary state of AIP and can be used for theory development and to unify all users of the AIP concept. The second research study titled, The Current State of Older Women Aging in Place in Oregon, used qualitative case study methods to examine seven cases of aging in place. The aim of the project was to examine seven women’s current and past experiences, and the dynamic process of aging in place in a self-determined private home environment. Two common themes were identified (1) The AIP reflects the woman’s process of self-preserving actions that maintain current AIP independence, and (2) AIP situational independence suggests that the participants’ pathways to their current AIP began after they each experienced an individualized trigger event. The findings have theoretical and practice implications that provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to identifying the current status of AIP and the development of options that facilitate the AIP process. Close

• 85. [Article] A heuristic causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement

  The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A heuristic causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement Author: Malroutu, Yamini Lakshmi The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four states: Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Utah, collected in a mail survey in 1990 by the Western Regional Agricultural Experiment Station Committee (W-176). Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods during the first ten years of retirement was directly influenced by tenure preference (p=.00, B=.210). Those who preferred homeownership during retirement chose age integrated neighborhoods during their first ten years of retirement. Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods after ten years of retirement was significantly influenced by family income (P=.03, B=.096), suitability of home size (p=.02, B=.094), and tenure preference (p=.00, B=.155). Those who were economically well off indicated a predisposition for age integrated neighborhoods as did those who preferred homeownership and those who felt they had the right size homes for retirement. Indirect effects were also observed among the exogenous and intervening variables and age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during the first ten years and after ten years of retirement. Older preretirees preferred to retire in the community (p=.00, B= .125) and this preference for the present community influenced the choice of preferred homeownership during retirement (p=.00, B=.205). Those who favored homeownership indicated a preference for age integrated neighborhoods both during the first ten years (p=.00, B=.210) and after ten years of retirement (p=.00, B=.155). These interrelationships lead to the assumption that older respondents prefer to age in place as they showed a preference to retire in the present community and for homeownership. The findings of this research will be beneficial and of interest to retirees who are trying to create a suitable and affordable environment for themselves and communities will be enriched by their participation in economic and service functions. Community developers who are striving to boost their local economies can attract retirees by providing to the needs of the elderly consumers. Title: A heuristic causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement Author: Malroutu, Yamini Lakshmi The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four states: Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Utah, collected in a mail survey in 1990 by the Western Regional Agricultural Experiment Station Committee (W-176). Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods during the first ten years of retirement was directly influenced by tenure preference (p=.00, B=.210). Those who preferred homeownership during retirement chose age integrated neighborhoods during their first ten years of retirement. Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods after ten years of retirement was significantly influenced by family income (P=.03, B=.096), suitability of home size (p=.02, B=.094), and tenure preference (p=.00, B=.155). Those who were economically well off indicated a predisposition for age integrated neighborhoods as did those who preferred homeownership and those who felt they had the right size homes for retirement. Indirect effects were also observed among the exogenous and intervening variables and age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during the first ten years and after ten years of retirement. Older preretirees preferred to retire in the community (p=.00, B= .125) and this preference for the present community influenced the choice of preferred homeownership during retirement (p=.00, B=.205). Those who favored homeownership indicated a preference for age integrated neighborhoods both during the first ten years (p=.00, B=.210) and after ten years of retirement (p=.00, B=.155). These interrelationships lead to the assumption that older respondents prefer to age in place as they showed a preference to retire in the present community and for homeownership. The findings of this research will be beneficial and of interest to retirees who are trying to create a suitable and affordable environment for themselves and communities will be enriched by their participation in economic and service functions. Community developers who are striving to boost their local economies can attract retirees by providing to the needs of the elderly consumers. Close

• 86. [Article] Influence of aging and behavioral experience on expression of GluN1 splice variants of the NMDA receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice brain

  As the aging population continues to grow the world over, age related complications become more and more apparent among the elderly population. One such complication is age associated memory impairment, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Influence of aging and behavioral experience on expression of GluN1 splice variants of the NMDA receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice brain Author: Das, Siba Ranjan As the aging population continues to grow the world over, age related complications become more and more apparent among the elderly population. One such complication is age associated memory impairment, which makes the elderly more dependent on caregivers early on. NMDA receptors in the brain are important for memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. Expression of NMDA receptors declines with age, which is associated with declines in memory observed during aging. Age-related changes in the protein and mRNA expression of some of the splice forms of the GluN1 (GluN1, NR1) subunit of the NMDA receptor have been seen in mice and rats. The present study was designed to determine whether individual splice forms of the GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor within prefrontal / frontal cortical regions contribute to memory deficits during aging and whether experience in learning tasks can influence the expression of the splice forms. mRNA expression of 4 splice forms GluN1[subscript X11], GluN1[subscript X10], GluN1[subscript 0XX] and GluN1[subscript 1XX] (GluN1-1, GluN1-3, GluN1-a and GluN1-b, respectively) and mRNA for all known splice forms (GluN1-pan) were examined by in situ hybridization. mRNA for the C-terminal splice forms, GluN1[subscript X11] (GluN1-1; +C1 and +C2 cassettes) and GluN1[subscript X10] (GluN1-3; +C1 and +C2'), showed significant declines during aging in several brain regions even though overall GluN1-pan mRNA expression was not significantly affected by aging. This work provides evidence that these splice forms are more influenced by aging than the subunit as a whole. There was an increase in the expression of GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a; -N1 cassette) splice form in the behaviorally-experienced old mice relative to the younger groups. Old mice with the highest levels of mRNA expression for the GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a) splice form in orbital cortex showed the best performances in spatial working and reference memory tasks, but the poorest performances in a cued, associative learning task. These results suggest that the GluN1[subscript 0XX] subunit splice variant may be important for spatial memory performance in the old animals. Protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C-terminal cassettes C2 or C2' were observed to decline with increasing age, regardless of experience. In middle-age animals, higher expressions of the GluN1 subunit and C2' cassette proteins were associated with good reference memory on initial search. In the aged animals, higher protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C1 cassettes and the whole population of GluN1 subunits were found to be associated with better performance in the final phase of probe trials but this appeared to be due to perseveration or delays in applying an accurate search. These results provide support for the theory that there is heterogeneity in the effect of aging on the expression of the GluN1 subunits containing different splice cassettes. It also suggests that the GluN1 subunit might be most important for good reference memory during middle age. The next study was undertaken to determine if the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form is required for good performance in reference memory tasks in young mice. Mice were injected with 5µl of either siRNA specific to GluN1[subscript 0XX], control siRNA or vehicle alone into ventro-lateral orbital regions of both sides of the brain using a stereotaxic apparatus. A fourth group of mice did not receive any injections. Five days post-injection, mice were tested for their performance in a spatial reference memory task for 4 days using the Morris water maze. There was a 10 -19% reduction in GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant expression for mice after siRNA treatment in ventro-lateral orbital regions of the brain. Decline in performance in the first half of reference memory were observed in the mice receiving siRNA specific for GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form, as compared to the mice injected with control siRNA and/or vehicle. These results suggest an important role of the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant in orbital regions for spatial reference memory acquisition and/or consolidation in the early stages of memory training. These results suggest that there is a complex interaction between GluN1 splice form expression and performance of memory tasks during aging. Future studies designed to differentiate between involvement of splice variants in particular stages of memory formation would be helpful. Title: Influence of aging and behavioral experience on expression of GluN1 splice variants of the NMDA receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice brain Author: Das, Siba Ranjan As the aging population continues to grow the world over, age related complications become more and more apparent among the elderly population. One such complication is age associated memory impairment, which makes the elderly more dependent on caregivers early on. NMDA receptors in the brain are important for memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. Expression of NMDA receptors declines with age, which is associated with declines in memory observed during aging. Age-related changes in the protein and mRNA expression of some of the splice forms of the GluN1 (GluN1, NR1) subunit of the NMDA receptor have been seen in mice and rats. The present study was designed to determine whether individual splice forms of the GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor within prefrontal / frontal cortical regions contribute to memory deficits during aging and whether experience in learning tasks can influence the expression of the splice forms. mRNA expression of 4 splice forms GluN1[subscript X11], GluN1[subscript X10], GluN1[subscript 0XX] and GluN1[subscript 1XX] (GluN1-1, GluN1-3, GluN1-a and GluN1-b, respectively) and mRNA for all known splice forms (GluN1-pan) were examined by in situ hybridization. mRNA for the C-terminal splice forms, GluN1[subscript X11] (GluN1-1; +C1 and +C2 cassettes) and GluN1[subscript X10] (GluN1-3; +C1 and +C2'), showed significant declines during aging in several brain regions even though overall GluN1-pan mRNA expression was not significantly affected by aging. This work provides evidence that these splice forms are more influenced by aging than the subunit as a whole. There was an increase in the expression of GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a; -N1 cassette) splice form in the behaviorally-experienced old mice relative to the younger groups. Old mice with the highest levels of mRNA expression for the GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a) splice form in orbital cortex showed the best performances in spatial working and reference memory tasks, but the poorest performances in a cued, associative learning task. These results suggest that the GluN1[subscript 0XX] subunit splice variant may be important for spatial memory performance in the old animals. Protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C-terminal cassettes C2 or C2' were observed to decline with increasing age, regardless of experience. In middle-age animals, higher expressions of the GluN1 subunit and C2' cassette proteins were associated with good reference memory on initial search. In the aged animals, higher protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C1 cassettes and the whole population of GluN1 subunits were found to be associated with better performance in the final phase of probe trials but this appeared to be due to perseveration or delays in applying an accurate search. These results provide support for the theory that there is heterogeneity in the effect of aging on the expression of the GluN1 subunits containing different splice cassettes. It also suggests that the GluN1 subunit might be most important for good reference memory during middle age. The next study was undertaken to determine if the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form is required for good performance in reference memory tasks in young mice. Mice were injected with 5µl of either siRNA specific to GluN1[subscript 0XX], control siRNA or vehicle alone into ventro-lateral orbital regions of both sides of the brain using a stereotaxic apparatus. A fourth group of mice did not receive any injections. Five days post-injection, mice were tested for their performance in a spatial reference memory task for 4 days using the Morris water maze. There was a 10 -19% reduction in GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant expression for mice after siRNA treatment in ventro-lateral orbital regions of the brain. Decline in performance in the first half of reference memory were observed in the mice receiving siRNA specific for GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form, as compared to the mice injected with control siRNA and/or vehicle. These results suggest an important role of the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant in orbital regions for spatial reference memory acquisition and/or consolidation in the early stages of memory training. These results suggest that there is a complex interaction between GluN1 splice form expression and performance of memory tasks during aging. Future studies designed to differentiate between involvement of splice variants in particular stages of memory formation would be helpful. Close

• 87. [Article] Social Job Characteristics and Older Workers: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Tension

  The workforce in most industrialized countries is aging and becoming more age diverse, but few studies have examined the implications of age differences in the design of jobs. This study examined the role ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Social Job Characteristics and Older Workers: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Tension Author: Rineer, Jennifer Rae Year: 2012 The workforce in most industrialized countries is aging and becoming more age diverse, but few studies have examined the implications of age differences in the design of jobs. This study examined the role of age as a moderator in the relationship between job characteristics and two individual outcomes, job satisfaction and job tension. Specifically, the study focused on the relationship between social characteristics of the job (given social support, [received] social support, interdependence, interaction outside the organization, and feedback from others) and job tension and job satisfaction among Portland Water Bureau employees. Based in Socioemotional Selectivity (SES) theory (Carstensen, 1991), I hypothesized that these job characteristics would have a differential relationship with these outcomes for older and younger workers. Results showed that four of the eight hypothesized interactions were significant, providing support for age as a moderating variable. Differential interaction effects were demonstrated on job satisfaction and job tension. Further, this study incorporated a new conceptualization and measurement of the social support job characteristic (given social support), which demonstrated utility in predicting outcomes. Subjective age was also found to moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and job attitudes, but in a pattern similar to that found for chronological age. This study contributes to the existing literature by answering the call to examine the role of individual differences in the relationship between job design features and outcomes, and by increasing knowledge of the types of job characteristics that increase job satisfaction and reduce job tension for older and younger employees. Implications for the aging workforce are discussed along with future research to better understand the mediating mechanisms. Title: Social Job Characteristics and Older Workers: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Tension Author: Rineer, Jennifer Rae Year: 2012 The workforce in most industrialized countries is aging and becoming more age diverse, but few studies have examined the implications of age differences in the design of jobs. This study examined the role of age as a moderator in the relationship between job characteristics and two individual outcomes, job satisfaction and job tension. Specifically, the study focused on the relationship between social characteristics of the job (given social support, [received] social support, interdependence, interaction outside the organization, and feedback from others) and job tension and job satisfaction among Portland Water Bureau employees. Based in Socioemotional Selectivity (SES) theory (Carstensen, 1991), I hypothesized that these job characteristics would have a differential relationship with these outcomes for older and younger workers. Results showed that four of the eight hypothesized interactions were significant, providing support for age as a moderating variable. Differential interaction effects were demonstrated on job satisfaction and job tension. Further, this study incorporated a new conceptualization and measurement of the social support job characteristic (given social support), which demonstrated utility in predicting outcomes. Subjective age was also found to moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and job attitudes, but in a pattern similar to that found for chronological age. This study contributes to the existing literature by answering the call to examine the role of individual differences in the relationship between job design features and outcomes, and by increasing knowledge of the types of job characteristics that increase job satisfaction and reduce job tension for older and younger employees. Implications for the aging workforce are discussed along with future research to better understand the mediating mechanisms. Close

• 88. [Article] Constraints on past plate and mantle motion from new ages for the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291525-2027.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Constraints on past plate and mantle motion from new ages for the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain Author: Jokat, Wilfried, O'Connor, John M., Haase, Karsten M., Stoffers, Peter, Steinberger, Bernhard, Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter, Wijbrans, Jan R., Regelous, Marcel, Koppers, Anthony A. P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291525-2027. Title: Constraints on past plate and mantle motion from new ages for the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain Author: Jokat, Wilfried, O'Connor, John M., Haase, Karsten M., Stoffers, Peter, Steinberger, Bernhard, Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter, Wijbrans, Jan R., Regelous, Marcel, Koppers, Anthony A. P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291525-2027. Close

• 89. [Article] Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults

  This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults Author: Mejía, Shannon T., Allen, Pamela M., Hooker, Karen This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record. Title: Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults Author: Mejía, Shannon T., Allen, Pamela M., Hooker, Karen This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record. Close

• 90. [Article] Evaluation of Three Aging Techniques and Back-calculated Growth for Introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Eagle Hill ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of Three Aging Techniques and Back-calculated Growth for Introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia Author: Jennings, Cecil A., Homer, Michael D. Jr, Peterson, James T. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Eagle Hill Institute and can be found at: http://www.eaglehill.us/programs/journals/sena/southeastern-naturalist.shtml Title: Evaluation of Three Aging Techniques and Back-calculated Growth for Introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia Author: Jennings, Cecil A., Homer, Michael D. Jr, Peterson, James T. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Eagle Hill Institute and can be found at: http://www.eaglehill.us/programs/journals/sena/southeastern-naturalist.shtml Close