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• 51. [Article] Profitability analysis of abalone farming in Port Nolloth, in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa.

  Abstract only

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Profitability analysis of abalone farming in Port Nolloth, in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Author: Jensson, Pall, Cloete, Adeleen Abstract only Title: Profitability analysis of abalone farming in Port Nolloth, in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa. Author: Jensson, Pall, Cloete, Adeleen Abstract only Close

• 52. [Image] Water allocation in the Klamath Reclamation Project, 2001 : an assessment of natural resource, economic, social, and institutional issues with a focus on the Upper Klamath Basin

  	"Reprinted May 2003."; Includes bibliographical references; Also available at http://eesc.oregonstate.edu/agcomwebfile/edmat/html/sr/sr1037/sr1037.html
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Water allocation in the Klamath Reclamation Project, 2001 : an assessment of natural resource, economic, social, and institutional issues with a focus on the Upper Klamath Basin Author: Braunworth, William S. Year: 2003, 2004 "Reprinted May 2003."; Includes bibliographical references; Also available at http://eesc.oregonstate.edu/agcomwebfile/edmat/html/sr/sr1037/sr1037.html Title: Water allocation in the Klamath Reclamation Project, 2001 : an assessment of natural resource, economic, social, and institutional issues with a focus on the Upper Klamath Basin Author: Braunworth, William S. Year: 2003, 2004 "Reprinted May 2003."; Includes bibliographical references; Also available at http://eesc.oregonstate.edu/agcomwebfile/edmat/html/sr/sr1037/sr1037.html Close

• 53. [Article] An analysis of foodgrain market in Korea

  In order to effectively use foodgrain prices as tools of government policy, it is necessary to know the possible effects of price incentives on different economic variables. The present study attempts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An analysis of foodgrain market in Korea Author: Mun, Pal-lyong In order to effectively use foodgrain prices as tools of government policy, it is necessary to know the possible effects of price incentives on different economic variables. The present study attempts to measure the effects of foodgrain prices, upon various economic variables, including production, consumption, both at the farm and urban levels, and farm sales of two major foodgrains, and to explore possible measures to improve the current foodgrain price policy. The results of the empirical study of farm producers' response indicate that Korean farmers respond significantly in their grain production to price changes and that they are more responsive in barley than in rice production in terms of both input use and planted acreage. This suggests that policy designed to raise barley price to farm producers would contribute relatively more to increasing overall foodgrain production. In studying the consumption behavior of farm and urban consumers, and sales decisions of farmers, a simultaneous equation model was used. The system comprises eight equations: six behavioral and two market identity equations. In specifying the model, special attention was given to a peculiar feature emerging from the dual role of farmers in semi-monetized agriculture, that is, as consumers on the one hand and as sellers of products on the other. Two types of analyses were carried out on the basis of the estimated behavioral parameters of the model. First, an analysis was made of the partial response to price changes by treating each behavioral equation as an independent single equation under the usual ceteris paribus assumption. Secondly, the total behavioral responses were analyzed by taking account of simultaneous changes in all endogenous variables in the system. The partial response analysis indicates that both farm and urban consumers have a “potential” tendency to respond negatively to price changes in their consumption of rice and barley and also a "potential" tendency to substitute one grain for another in the face of changing relative prices. It also shows a positive response in the foodgrain marketings of farm producers. But the total response analysis shows that the responses measured in the partial analysis are substantially offset by the interdependence of the prices of rice and barley on the open market, resulting in positive changes in the quantity demanded or no substitution at all. The empirical results also provide counter-evidence concerning the validity in the Korean economy of the so-called "target cash requirements hypothesis," advanced by a number of economists. One important policy implication that can be drawn from the study is that if the government's objective is to reduce foreign exchange spending on rice imports by restructuring foodgrain consumption (in addition to increased domestic production), it can be done through the use of price incentives by inducing the consumers to reveal their "potential" responses on the market. This is equivalent to forcing the ceteris paribus assumption made in the partial response analysis to operate in the real world through an appropriate governmental operation. Title: An analysis of foodgrain market in Korea Author: Mun, Pal-lyong In order to effectively use foodgrain prices as tools of government policy, it is necessary to know the possible effects of price incentives on different economic variables. The present study attempts to measure the effects of foodgrain prices, upon various economic variables, including production, consumption, both at the farm and urban levels, and farm sales of two major foodgrains, and to explore possible measures to improve the current foodgrain price policy. The results of the empirical study of farm producers' response indicate that Korean farmers respond significantly in their grain production to price changes and that they are more responsive in barley than in rice production in terms of both input use and planted acreage. This suggests that policy designed to raise barley price to farm producers would contribute relatively more to increasing overall foodgrain production. In studying the consumption behavior of farm and urban consumers, and sales decisions of farmers, a simultaneous equation model was used. The system comprises eight equations: six behavioral and two market identity equations. In specifying the model, special attention was given to a peculiar feature emerging from the dual role of farmers in semi-monetized agriculture, that is, as consumers on the one hand and as sellers of products on the other. Two types of analyses were carried out on the basis of the estimated behavioral parameters of the model. First, an analysis was made of the partial response to price changes by treating each behavioral equation as an independent single equation under the usual ceteris paribus assumption. Secondly, the total behavioral responses were analyzed by taking account of simultaneous changes in all endogenous variables in the system. The partial response analysis indicates that both farm and urban consumers have a “potential” tendency to respond negatively to price changes in their consumption of rice and barley and also a "potential" tendency to substitute one grain for another in the face of changing relative prices. It also shows a positive response in the foodgrain marketings of farm producers. But the total response analysis shows that the responses measured in the partial analysis are substantially offset by the interdependence of the prices of rice and barley on the open market, resulting in positive changes in the quantity demanded or no substitution at all. The empirical results also provide counter-evidence concerning the validity in the Korean economy of the so-called "target cash requirements hypothesis," advanced by a number of economists. One important policy implication that can be drawn from the study is that if the government's objective is to reduce foreign exchange spending on rice imports by restructuring foodgrain consumption (in addition to increased domestic production), it can be done through the use of price incentives by inducing the consumers to reveal their "potential" responses on the market. This is equivalent to forcing the ceteris paribus assumption made in the partial response analysis to operate in the real world through an appropriate governmental operation. Close

• 54. [Image] Reclamation accomplishments, 1905-1953, Klamath Project, Oregon-California

  	SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Klamath Project is a $13 million Federal investment in water resource development, About 200,000 acres are irrigated and gross crop production (has exceeded $17 million each year ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Reclamation accomplishments, 1905-1953, Klamath Project, Oregon-California Author: Strantz, Maurice K. Year: 1953, 2005 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Klamath Project is a $13 million Federal investment in water resource development, About 200,000 acres are irrigated and gross crop production (has exceeded $17 million each year over the past 7 years. The Project encompasses the largest single block of irrigated land in the area and includes nearly half the three-county total irrigated area and one quarter of the cropland. Agriculture and manufacturing directly contribute half the three-county personal income and provide half the jobs. Klamath Project accounts for five-sixths of the gross income from crops, and half the total agricultural production in the three-county area. Personal income from project crops is estimated at $10.6 mil1ion in 1948. Recent crop production on the project supports directly or indirectly about $25 million in local personal income. Federal contribution for irrigation to repay costs without interest to date amounts to about $10.8 million. Annual personal income generated by project in the postwar years equals this assistance Project gross crop production of nearly $300 million over 46 years. Project farm income supports substantial portion of area retail trade and contributes to transportation and other services. Project agriculture in past 10 years increased its support to the economy and has helped offset the declines in the lumber industry. Without the project only about 50,000 irrigated acres would have been developed and the agricultural economy would have produced crops worth only about l/7th as large as at present. Reclamation development tends to maintain a stable prosperous economy in the three-county area. Title: Reclamation accomplishments, 1905-1953, Klamath Project, Oregon-California Author: Strantz, Maurice K. Year: 1953, 2005 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Klamath Project is a $13 million Federal investment in water resource development, About 200,000 acres are irrigated and gross crop production (has exceeded $17 million each year over the past 7 years. The Project encompasses the largest single block of irrigated land in the area and includes nearly half the three-county total irrigated area and one quarter of the cropland. Agriculture and manufacturing directly contribute half the three-county personal income and provide half the jobs. Klamath Project accounts for five-sixths of the gross income from crops, and half the total agricultural production in the three-county area. Personal income from project crops is estimated at $10.6 mil1ion in 1948. Recent crop production on the project supports directly or indirectly about $25 million in local personal income. Federal contribution for irrigation to repay costs without interest to date amounts to about $10.8 million. Annual personal income generated by project in the postwar years equals this assistance Project gross crop production of nearly $300 million over 46 years. Project farm income supports substantial portion of area retail trade and contributes to transportation and other services. Project agriculture in past 10 years increased its support to the economy and has helped offset the declines in the lumber industry. Without the project only about 50,000 irrigated acres would have been developed and the agricultural economy would have produced crops worth only about l/7th as large as at present. Reclamation development tends to maintain a stable prosperous economy in the three-county area. Close

• 55. [Article] Business Plan For Riverside Energy LLC

  In 2008, $5.2 billion was spent on program management and supporting contractors in energy efficiency in the United States[1]. Funding for energy efficiency is expected to increase as the cost of power ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Business Plan For Riverside Energy LLC Author: Smeraglio, Matt Year: 2012 In 2008, $5.2 billion was spent on program management and supporting contractors in energy efficiency in the United States[1]. Funding for energy efficiency is expected to increase as the cost of power production rises. This report focuses primarily on energy efficiency available to dairy farms, located in the Northern Mid-West region of the United States. Dairy farms have seen sharp increases in feed prices, large fluctuations in milk prices, and a steady rise in electricity rates. Of these three, it is easiest for the farmer to lower energy consumption. Riverside Energy will enable farmers to realize maximum potential energy and cost savings by offering custom dairy energy audits. Riverside Energy is proposing to startup as a sole proprietorship energy efficiency company, focusing on the agricultural and industrial markets of Michigan, which was ranked most improved in energy efficiency in a recent study [2]. The primary revenue stream will be providing energy audits to dairy farms, which will help them to lower energy consumption, saving substantial money. The final deliverable from Riverside to the customer will be a detailed Dairy Audit Report, detailing the best ways to save energy, and the expected upgrade costs, dollar savings and payback (return on investment) for proposed upgrades. As the demand for energy increases, there is more and more pressure for electrical utilities to build new power plants. But it is more cost effective for utilities to pay energy consuming customers to use less energy than to build new power plants. This promotes the sale of energy efficient equipment and energy audits. For dairies, there are cash incentives to pay for a portion of auditing services, and for dairy equipment upgrades. This in turn promotes Riverside’s auditing revenue stream. The biggest challenge for Riverside will be to compete against established auditors in the Michigan area, which is a fragmented group of university programs, state programs, small companies, and electric utilities. Riverside hopes to differentiate by establishing itself as both agriculturally knowledgeable and highly skilled in detailed analysis. Five primary marketing strategies have been established, which include selling direct to farmers, presenting at trade shows, enrolling in the Michigan Farm Energy Audit Program, participating in utility incentive programs, and creating partnerships with dairy equipment vendors. The most promising will likely be dairy equipment vendor partnerships, because they have the highest amount of contact with dairies, strong generational relationships, and sell the efficient equipment that riverside will propose for upgrades. It is estimated that each audit will sell for between $1,000 to $2,000 dollars, and that there are a potential of 1,900 dairies available for audits in the region. Riverside hopes to capture up to 67 audits per year, which would yield $120,000 in sales per year, taking 4 years to ramp up to this sales level. Pro forma income statements predict a break even after 23 months, with estimated startup costs at $26,700. Funding for this startup will be comprised of owner investment and a small bank loan. Riverside believes it has found a niche in the energy efficiency market through dairy energy audits. Though prospects are promising, further details on additional revenue streams and development of key relationships should be pursued before launch. Riverside could be ready for launch in 6 months to a year. Title: Business Plan For Riverside Energy LLC Author: Smeraglio, Matt Year: 2012 In 2008, $5.2 billion was spent on program management and supporting contractors in energy efficiency in the United States[1]. Funding for energy efficiency is expected to increase as the cost of power production rises. This report focuses primarily on energy efficiency available to dairy farms, located in the Northern Mid-West region of the United States. Dairy farms have seen sharp increases in feed prices, large fluctuations in milk prices, and a steady rise in electricity rates. Of these three, it is easiest for the farmer to lower energy consumption. Riverside Energy will enable farmers to realize maximum potential energy and cost savings by offering custom dairy energy audits. Riverside Energy is proposing to startup as a sole proprietorship energy efficiency company, focusing on the agricultural and industrial markets of Michigan, which was ranked most improved in energy efficiency in a recent study [2]. The primary revenue stream will be providing energy audits to dairy farms, which will help them to lower energy consumption, saving substantial money. The final deliverable from Riverside to the customer will be a detailed Dairy Audit Report, detailing the best ways to save energy, and the expected upgrade costs, dollar savings and payback (return on investment) for proposed upgrades. As the demand for energy increases, there is more and more pressure for electrical utilities to build new power plants. But it is more cost effective for utilities to pay energy consuming customers to use less energy than to build new power plants. This promotes the sale of energy efficient equipment and energy audits. For dairies, there are cash incentives to pay for a portion of auditing services, and for dairy equipment upgrades. This in turn promotes Riverside’s auditing revenue stream. The biggest challenge for Riverside will be to compete against established auditors in the Michigan area, which is a fragmented group of university programs, state programs, small companies, and electric utilities. Riverside hopes to differentiate by establishing itself as both agriculturally knowledgeable and highly skilled in detailed analysis. Five primary marketing strategies have been established, which include selling direct to farmers, presenting at trade shows, enrolling in the Michigan Farm Energy Audit Program, participating in utility incentive programs, and creating partnerships with dairy equipment vendors. The most promising will likely be dairy equipment vendor partnerships, because they have the highest amount of contact with dairies, strong generational relationships, and sell the efficient equipment that riverside will propose for upgrades. It is estimated that each audit will sell for between $1,000 to $2,000 dollars, and that there are a potential of 1,900 dairies available for audits in the region. Riverside hopes to capture up to 67 audits per year, which would yield $120,000 in sales per year, taking 4 years to ramp up to this sales level. Pro forma income statements predict a break even after 23 months, with estimated startup costs at $26,700. Funding for this startup will be comprised of owner investment and a small bank loan. Riverside believes it has found a niche in the energy efficiency market through dairy energy audits. Though prospects are promising, further details on additional revenue streams and development of key relationships should be pursued before launch. Riverside could be ready for launch in 6 months to a year. Close

• 56. [Image] 1946 Land Opening - Robert L. Smith, a new landowner, inspects his new land

  	KP-1387-R2 - Klamath Project. 1946 Land Opening. Robert L. Smith, Number One man the drawing for the 1946 land opening, photographed as he stands by the gate leading to the farm which he chose to homestead; ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 1946 Land Opening - Robert L. Smith, a new landowner, inspects his new land Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1947, 2006, 2005 KP-1387-R2 - Klamath Project. 1946 Land Opening. Robert L. Smith, Number One man the drawing for the 1946 land opening, photographed as he stands by the gate leading to the farm which he chose to homestead; March 14, 1947; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Title: 1946 Land Opening - Robert L. Smith, a new landowner, inspects his new land Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1947, 2006, 2005 KP-1387-R2 - Klamath Project. 1946 Land Opening. Robert L. Smith, Number One man the drawing for the 1946 land opening, photographed as he stands by the gate leading to the farm which he chose to homestead; March 14, 1947; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Close

• 57. [Article] Consequences of the Crisis in French Oyster Culture Sector on the Domestic Market

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Consequences of the Crisis in French Oyster Culture Sector on the Domestic Market Author: Mariojouls, Catherine, Jolly, Laurene Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Consequences of the Crisis in French Oyster Culture Sector on the Domestic Market Author: Mariojouls, Catherine, Jolly, Laurene Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 58. [Image] Energy pricing and irrigated agriculture in the Upper Klamath Basin

  	Title from Web page (viewed on October 12, 2004).; "July 2004." ; Includes bibliographical references.
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Energy pricing and irrigated agriculture in the Upper Klamath Basin Author: Jaeger, William K. (William Kenneth) Year: 2004, 2008, 2005 Title from Web page (viewed on October 12, 2004).; "July 2004." ; Includes bibliographical references. Title: Energy pricing and irrigated agriculture in the Upper Klamath Basin Author: Jaeger, William K. (William Kenneth) Year: 2004, 2008, 2005 Title from Web page (viewed on October 12, 2004).; "July 2004." ; Includes bibliographical references. Close

• 59. [Article] Economic and institutional Constraints to Development of Marine Fish Cage Culture in Viet Nam

  No poster available.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic and institutional Constraints to Development of Marine Fish Cage Culture in Viet Nam Author: Hien, Tran Thi No poster available. Title: Economic and institutional Constraints to Development of Marine Fish Cage Culture in Viet Nam Author: Hien, Tran Thi No poster available. Close

• 60. [Article] An economic study of irrigation potential for Columbia Plateau farms in Oregon

  The farmers of the Columbia Plateau region of Oregon, as well as other individuals and groups, have expressed a desire for information on the economic feasibility of irrigated farming in their area. This ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An economic study of irrigation potential for Columbia Plateau farms in Oregon Author: Bowman, Thomas Michael The farmers of the Columbia Plateau region of Oregon, as well as other individuals and groups, have expressed a desire for information on the economic feasibility of irrigated farming in their area. This recent interest in irrigation is a result of reduced lifts and lower pumping costs brought about by the construction of The Dalles, John Day and McNary Dams, the appearance of alternative uses for Columbia River water, and the introduction of new crops. Linear programming models were developed for farms of four different sizes to determine if enough additional income would be produced by irrigation to pay for its added costs. Profit maximization was assumed to be the goal of the farm operator, realizing that other goals are undoubtedly involved. The resources of interest for this study include land, labor, water, operating capital, and management. The MVPs or shadow prices found by the models identified the restricting resources for each respective farm, thereby providing some hints about the most efficient use of additional resources. It was assumed that a large amount of the cultural practices necessary for crop production would be custom hired, which reduced the quantity of labor needed for the production of the various crops selected by the models. Other assumptions included; better than average management, successful production of crops selected by the models, contracts or other marketing arrangements for the sale of these products at given prices, and the availability of labor, water, and operating capital at the levels used by the model farms. The results of this study, based on the linear programming models, indicate that irrigation may be profitable for some farms in this area. The model farms returned gross profits of from 55.50 to 150 dollars per acre as a return to irrigation and management. However, to enable these farms to cover the costs of relatively expensive irrigation systems it is necessary that they raise some high income producing horticultural crops. While some of these crops have been grown here, there are horticulturists that question whether such crops can be widely produced in this area. Many technical production problems remain to be solved before these crops can be produced extensively. The availability of capital for investment and operating purposes presents another problem when these high income producing crops are raised. Although irrigation appears to be profitable under certain circumstances, it is evident that many economic and technical problems remain to be solved. Title: An economic study of irrigation potential for Columbia Plateau farms in Oregon Author: Bowman, Thomas Michael The farmers of the Columbia Plateau region of Oregon, as well as other individuals and groups, have expressed a desire for information on the economic feasibility of irrigated farming in their area. This recent interest in irrigation is a result of reduced lifts and lower pumping costs brought about by the construction of The Dalles, John Day and McNary Dams, the appearance of alternative uses for Columbia River water, and the introduction of new crops. Linear programming models were developed for farms of four different sizes to determine if enough additional income would be produced by irrigation to pay for its added costs. Profit maximization was assumed to be the goal of the farm operator, realizing that other goals are undoubtedly involved. The resources of interest for this study include land, labor, water, operating capital, and management. The MVPs or shadow prices found by the models identified the restricting resources for each respective farm, thereby providing some hints about the most efficient use of additional resources. It was assumed that a large amount of the cultural practices necessary for crop production would be custom hired, which reduced the quantity of labor needed for the production of the various crops selected by the models. Other assumptions included; better than average management, successful production of crops selected by the models, contracts or other marketing arrangements for the sale of these products at given prices, and the availability of labor, water, and operating capital at the levels used by the model farms. The results of this study, based on the linear programming models, indicate that irrigation may be profitable for some farms in this area. The model farms returned gross profits of from 55.50 to 150 dollars per acre as a return to irrigation and management. However, to enable these farms to cover the costs of relatively expensive irrigation systems it is necessary that they raise some high income producing horticultural crops. While some of these crops have been grown here, there are horticulturists that question whether such crops can be widely produced in this area. Many technical production problems remain to be solved before these crops can be produced extensively. The availability of capital for investment and operating purposes presents another problem when these high income producing crops are raised. Although irrigation appears to be profitable under certain circumstances, it is evident that many economic and technical problems remain to be solved. Close