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• 41. [Image] Optimization of Residential Size Heat Pumps for Use With Geothermal Energy

  	This paper considers the optimum design of unitary water-to-air heat pump units for use in distributed systems. The idea considers a heat pump unit with standard off-the-shelf components but optimized ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Optimization of Residential Size Heat Pumps for Use With Geothermal Energy Author: Reistad, G. M. This paper considers the optimum design of unitary water-to-air heat pump units for use in distributed systems. The idea considers a heat pump unit with standard off-the-shelf components but optimized for heating when using a geothermal resource of a particular temperature and cost, as the low temperature energy source Title: Optimization of Residential Size Heat Pumps for Use With Geothermal Energy Author: Reistad, G. M. This paper considers the optimum design of unitary water-to-air heat pump units for use in distributed systems. The idea considers a heat pump unit with standard off-the-shelf components but optimized for heating when using a geothermal resource of a particular temperature and cost, as the low temperature energy source Close

• 42. [Image] Diesel Heat Pump for District Heating Plants and for the Heating of Large Housing Blocks

  	The aim of this project is to investigate technical, economic, and environmental aspects of large diesel driven heat pump plants for district heating and for central heating of large buildings
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Diesel Heat Pump for District Heating Plants and for the Heating of Large Housing Blocks Author: Petersen, B. Year: 1980 The aim of this project is to investigate technical, economic, and environmental aspects of large diesel driven heat pump plants for district heating and for central heating of large buildings Title: Diesel Heat Pump for District Heating Plants and for the Heating of Large Housing Blocks Author: Petersen, B. Year: 1980 The aim of this project is to investigate technical, economic, and environmental aspects of large diesel driven heat pump plants for district heating and for central heating of large buildings Close

• 43. [Image] Institutional Barriers To Geothermal Energy Development: Third Report of The Institutional Barrier Panel to the Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council

  	Since the last report of the Institutional Barrier Panel (December 21, 1976), the federal energy establishment has been reorganized and a National Energy Plan proposed there has been some progress toward ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Institutional Barriers To Geothermal Energy Development: Third Report of The Institutional Barrier Panel to the Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council Author: Stephens, R. C. Year: 1978 Since the last report of the Institutional Barrier Panel (December 21, 1976), the federal energy establishment has been reorganized and a National Energy Plan proposed there has been some progress toward resolution of the major institutional impediments with which the panel has concerned itself, but little in the way of final resolution, as can be seen from the discussion in this report. However, in the two most severe problem areas, Federal Tax Policy and Federal Leasing and Permitting, initiatives proposed in the National Energy Plan are nearing implementation Title: Institutional Barriers To Geothermal Energy Development: Third Report of The Institutional Barrier Panel to the Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council Author: Stephens, R. C. Year: 1978 Since the last report of the Institutional Barrier Panel (December 21, 1976), the federal energy establishment has been reorganized and a National Energy Plan proposed there has been some progress toward resolution of the major institutional impediments with which the panel has concerned itself, but little in the way of final resolution, as can be seen from the discussion in this report. However, in the two most severe problem areas, Federal Tax Policy and Federal Leasing and Permitting, initiatives proposed in the National Energy Plan are nearing implementation Close

• 44. [Image] Geothermal Energy Omnibus Legislation Recommendations of the Institutional Barrier Panel to the Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council

  	Three major pieces of legislation have been passed since 1970 to promote the development of geothermal resources in the U.S. These are the Geothermal steam act of 1970 (PL 91-581,the Geothermal Energy ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Energy Omnibus Legislation Recommendations of the Institutional Barrier Panel to the Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council Author: Geothermal Division, US Department of Energy Three major pieces of legislation have been passed since 1970 to promote the development of geothermal resources in the U.S. These are the Geothermal steam act of 1970 (PL 91-581,the Geothermal Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1974P-4,and the five Acts that made up the 1978 National Energy Act - the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 -(a_95-61.7), the Energy Tax Act of 1978 OM 95-618), the National Energy Conservation Policy Act OM 65-619), the Power Plant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 (PL 95-620), and the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 (PL 95-621). These initiatives go a long way toward establishing a legal and regulatory framework favorable to commercial geothermal energy exploration and development, and incentives to stimulate early and widespread use by a variety of users. However, all of these acts require improvements if the geothermal energy utilization objectives of the Council are to be met. Consequently, the Institutional Barrier Panel has developed a recommended Geothermal Energy Omnibus 1 Bill to complete the legislative needs Title: Geothermal Energy Omnibus Legislation Recommendations of the Institutional Barrier Panel to the Interagency Geothermal Coordinating Council Author: Geothermal Division, US Department of Energy Three major pieces of legislation have been passed since 1970 to promote the development of geothermal resources in the U.S. These are the Geothermal steam act of 1970 (PL 91-581,the Geothermal Energy Research, Development, and Demonstration Act of 1974P-4,and the five Acts that made up the 1978 National Energy Act - the Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 -(a_95-61.7), the Energy Tax Act of 1978 OM 95-618), the National Energy Conservation Policy Act OM 65-619), the Power Plant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 (PL 95-620), and the Natural Gas Policy Act of 1978 (PL 95-621). These initiatives go a long way toward establishing a legal and regulatory framework favorable to commercial geothermal energy exploration and development, and incentives to stimulate early and widespread use by a variety of users. However, all of these acts require improvements if the geothermal energy utilization objectives of the Council are to be met. Consequently, the Institutional Barrier Panel has developed a recommended Geothermal Energy Omnibus 1 Bill to complete the legislative needs Close

• 45. [Image] A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest

  	Abstract Everest, Fred H.; Stouder, Deanna J.; Kakoyannis, Christina; Houston, Laurie; Stankey, George; Kline, Jeffery; Alig, Ralph. 2004. A review of scientific information ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest Year: 2004 Abstract Everest, Fred H.; Stouder, Deanna J.; Kakoyannis, Christina; Houston, Laurie; Stankey, George; Kline, Jeffery; Alig, Ralph. 2004. A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-595. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 128 p. Fresh water is a valuable and essential commodity in the Pacific Northwest States, specifically Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and one provided abundantly by forested watersheds in the region. The maintenance and growth of industrial, municipal, agricultural, and recreational activities in the region are dependent on adequate and sustainable supplies of fresh water from surface and ground-water sources. Future development, especially in the semiarid intermountain area, depends on the conservation and expansion of the region's water resource. This synthesis reviews the state of our knowledge and condition of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Keywords: Water distribution, flow regimes, water demand, conflicts, tools, water use. Title: A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest Year: 2004 Abstract Everest, Fred H.; Stouder, Deanna J.; Kakoyannis, Christina; Houston, Laurie; Stankey, George; Kline, Jeffery; Alig, Ralph. 2004. A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-595. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 128 p. Fresh water is a valuable and essential commodity in the Pacific Northwest States, specifically Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and one provided abundantly by forested watersheds in the region. The maintenance and growth of industrial, municipal, agricultural, and recreational activities in the region are dependent on adequate and sustainable supplies of fresh water from surface and ground-water sources. Future development, especially in the semiarid intermountain area, depends on the conservation and expansion of the region's water resource. This synthesis reviews the state of our knowledge and condition of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Keywords: Water distribution, flow regimes, water demand, conflicts, tools, water use. Close

• 46. [Image] Improving salmon passage: draft, the Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility report/environmental impact statement

  	The purpose of this summary report is to provide an overview of the findings developed for the Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study. For more detailed information, the reader should ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Improving salmon passage: draft, the Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility report/environmental impact statement Year: 1999, 2004 The purpose of this summary report is to provide an overview of the findings developed for the Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study. For more detailed information, the reader should refer to the Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement and attached appendices. The genesis of this study is the National Marine Fisheries Service's 1995 Biological Opinion for the Reinitiation of Consultation on 1994-1998 Operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System and Juvenile Transportation Program in 1995 and Future Years (95 Biological Opinion). While the focus of this study is the relationship between the four dams on the lower Snake River and their effects on juvenile fish traveling toward the ocean, the implications of the study are broader. The Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement includes the best available information on the biological effectiveness, engineering, economic effects, and other environmental effects associated with the four specific alternatives. It does not, however, include a recommendation or identify a preferred alternative. This will give the public and other agencies an opportunity to review and understand this information and provide input before a preferred alternative is selected. At the same time, this will allow the region to consider the Habitat, Hatcheries, Harvest, and Hydropower Working Paper on salmon recovery by the Federal Caucus. Information from this process will be fully examined to determine how it may influence decisions on actions for the lower Snake River. Title: Improving salmon passage: draft, the Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility report/environmental impact statement Year: 1999, 2004 The purpose of this summary report is to provide an overview of the findings developed for the Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study. For more detailed information, the reader should refer to the Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement and attached appendices. The genesis of this study is the National Marine Fisheries Service's 1995 Biological Opinion for the Reinitiation of Consultation on 1994-1998 Operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System and Juvenile Transportation Program in 1995 and Future Years (95 Biological Opinion). While the focus of this study is the relationship between the four dams on the lower Snake River and their effects on juvenile fish traveling toward the ocean, the implications of the study are broader. The Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement includes the best available information on the biological effectiveness, engineering, economic effects, and other environmental effects associated with the four specific alternatives. It does not, however, include a recommendation or identify a preferred alternative. This will give the public and other agencies an opportunity to review and understand this information and provide input before a preferred alternative is selected. At the same time, this will allow the region to consider the Habitat, Hatcheries, Harvest, and Hydropower Working Paper on salmon recovery by the Federal Caucus. Information from this process will be fully examined to determine how it may influence decisions on actions for the lower Snake River. Close

• 47. [Image] A strategy for achieving healthy watersheds in Oregon

  	"January 2001."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A strategy for achieving healthy watersheds in Oregon Author: Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Year: 2001, 2004 "January 2001." Title: A strategy for achieving healthy watersheds in Oregon Author: Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Year: 2001, 2004 "January 2001." Close

• 48. [Image] Summary of the analysis of the management situation: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan

  	"December 1990"
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summary of the analysis of the management situation: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office. Year: 1990, 2005, 2004 "December 1990" Title: Summary of the analysis of the management situation: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office. Year: 1990, 2005, 2004 "December 1990" Close

• 49. [Image] Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers

  	"The goal of the project is to quantitatively describe the nature and extent of the ground-water flow systems in the basin."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers Author: Risley, John C. Year: 1999, 2005, 2004 "The goal of the project is to quantitatively describe the nature and extent of the ground-water flow systems in the basin." Title: Upper Klamath Lake Basin nutrient-loading study: assessment of historic flows in the Williamson and Sprague Rivers Author: Risley, John C. Year: 1999, 2005, 2004 "The goal of the project is to quantitatively describe the nature and extent of the ground-water flow systems in the basin." Close

• 50. [Image] Effect of water-column pH on sediment-phosphorus release rates in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2001

  	Abstract Sediment-phosphorus release rates as a function of pH were determined in laboratory experiments for sediment and water samples collected from Shoalwater Bay in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, in 2001. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effect of water-column pH on sediment-phosphorus release rates in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2001 Author: Fisher, Lawrence H. Year: 2004, 2005 Abstract Sediment-phosphorus release rates as a function of pH were determined in laboratory experiments for sediment and water samples collected from Shoalwater Bay in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, in 2001. Areal release rates for a stable sediment/water interface that is representative of the sediment surface area to water column volume ratio (1:3) observed in the lake and volumetric release rates for resuspended sediment events were determined at three different pH values (8.1, 9.2, 10.2). Ambient water column pH (8.1) was maintained by sparging study columns with atmospheric air. Elevation of the water column pH to 9.2 was achieved through the removal of dissolved carbon dioxide by sparging with carbon dioxide-reduced air, partially simulating water chemistry changes that occur during algal photosynthesis. Further elevation of the pH to 10.2 was achieved by the addition of sodium hydroxide, which doubled average alkalinities in the study columns from about 1 to 2 milliequivalents per liter. Upper Klamath Lake sediments collected from the lake bottom and then placed in contact with lake water, either at a stable sediment/water interface or by resus-pension, exhibited an initial capacity to take up soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) from the water column rather than release phosphorus to the water column. At a higher pH this initial uptake of phosphorus was slowed, but not stopped. This initial phase was followed by a reversal in which the sediments began to release SRP back into the water column. The release rate of phosphorus 30 to 40 days after suspension of sediments in the columns was 0.5 |ig/L/day (micrograms per liter per day) at pH 8, and 0.9 |ug/L/day at pH 10, indicating that the higher pH increased the rate of phosphorus release by a factor of about two. The highest determined rate of release was approximately 10% (percent) of the rate required to explain the annual internal loading to Upper Klamath Lake from the sediments as calculated from a lake-wide mass balance and observed in total phosphorus data collected at individual locations. Title: Effect of water-column pH on sediment-phosphorus release rates in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2001 Author: Fisher, Lawrence H. Year: 2004, 2005 Abstract Sediment-phosphorus release rates as a function of pH were determined in laboratory experiments for sediment and water samples collected from Shoalwater Bay in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, in 2001. Areal release rates for a stable sediment/water interface that is representative of the sediment surface area to water column volume ratio (1:3) observed in the lake and volumetric release rates for resuspended sediment events were determined at three different pH values (8.1, 9.2, 10.2). Ambient water column pH (8.1) was maintained by sparging study columns with atmospheric air. Elevation of the water column pH to 9.2 was achieved through the removal of dissolved carbon dioxide by sparging with carbon dioxide-reduced air, partially simulating water chemistry changes that occur during algal photosynthesis. Further elevation of the pH to 10.2 was achieved by the addition of sodium hydroxide, which doubled average alkalinities in the study columns from about 1 to 2 milliequivalents per liter. Upper Klamath Lake sediments collected from the lake bottom and then placed in contact with lake water, either at a stable sediment/water interface or by resus-pension, exhibited an initial capacity to take up soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) from the water column rather than release phosphorus to the water column. At a higher pH this initial uptake of phosphorus was slowed, but not stopped. This initial phase was followed by a reversal in which the sediments began to release SRP back into the water column. The release rate of phosphorus 30 to 40 days after suspension of sediments in the columns was 0.5 |ig/L/day (micrograms per liter per day) at pH 8, and 0.9 |ug/L/day at pH 10, indicating that the higher pH increased the rate of phosphorus release by a factor of about two. The highest determined rate of release was approximately 10% (percent) of the rate required to explain the annual internal loading to Upper Klamath Lake from the sediments as calculated from a lake-wide mass balance and observed in total phosphorus data collected at individual locations. Close