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• 31. [Article] Gender Representations in U.S. Ed.D. Dissertations: A Feminist Content Analysis

  Educational access, achievement and opportunity for students and educators in U.S. educational institutions is influenced and often limited by gender. Although the U.S. Glass Ceiling Commission reports ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender Representations in U.S. Ed.D. Dissertations: A Feminist Content Analysis Author: Nelli, Debora Kay Year: 2014 Educational access, achievement and opportunity for students and educators in U.S. educational institutions is influenced and often limited by gender. Although the U.S. Glass Ceiling Commission reports that the gender equity values, beliefs and commitments of institutional leaders are a key factor in reducing institutional gender inequities (U.S. Dept of Labor, 1995), very little is known about the current preparation or evaluation of educational leadership values, especially at the doctoral level (Hess & Kelly, 2007, Grogan & Andrews, 2002; Levine, 2005; Murphy & Vriesenga, 2004). This study utilized feminist content analysis as a conceptual framework and research methodology to examine the collective gender equity values, beliefs and commitments of educational leaders represented in a key textual artifact of doctoral study, the Educational Doctorate (Ed.D.) dissertation. This sequential mixed method content analysis examines 15,014 dissertation titles of Ed.D dissertations completed from 112 U.S. public doctoral granting institutions between 1998-2007 to identify 1185 dissertations indicating gender in their title. A purposeful sample of 177 abstracts was selected from emergent themes for further analysis. The final research phase examined a purposeful sample of 9 complete dissertation texts selected from the analysis of the abstracts. The research focused on two questions, 1.) How prevalent is gender focused inquiry in recent Ed.D. dissertation scholarship, from 1998-2007? 2.) What are the cultural gender beliefs and gender conceptualizations represented in Ed.D. dissertation scholarship from 1998-2007? The findings indicate gender focused inquiry is not prevalent in Ed.D. dissertation titles, in public doctoral granting institutions from 1998-2007; only 7.4 % indicated any mention of gender. The findings also revealed great institutional variation in the prevalence of gender focused dissertations in the 112 institutions examined. Three themes also emerged from patterns of representations illuminating problematic gender cultural beliefs, 1,) male leadership and intellectual authority is privileged, 2.) Black males are "othered", 3.) Latinas are silenced. Three additional problematic themes of gender bias are revealed because of scanty representation in the sample, 1.) LGTBIQ issues silenced, 2.) Title IX trivialized and 3.) Feminism marginalized. Each of these three gender focused categories represented less than 1% of the Ed.D. dissertations completed in U.S. public doctoral granting universities between 1998-2007. The findings have implications for program planning of doctoral Ed. D. programs for the development of gender equity dispositions. The findings also contribute to the discipline by adding to the knowledge of Ed. D. dissertation content. This report includes recommendation for future research and practice. Title: Gender Representations in U.S. Ed.D. Dissertations: A Feminist Content Analysis Author: Nelli, Debora Kay Year: 2014 Educational access, achievement and opportunity for students and educators in U.S. educational institutions is influenced and often limited by gender. Although the U.S. Glass Ceiling Commission reports that the gender equity values, beliefs and commitments of institutional leaders are a key factor in reducing institutional gender inequities (U.S. Dept of Labor, 1995), very little is known about the current preparation or evaluation of educational leadership values, especially at the doctoral level (Hess & Kelly, 2007, Grogan & Andrews, 2002; Levine, 2005; Murphy & Vriesenga, 2004). This study utilized feminist content analysis as a conceptual framework and research methodology to examine the collective gender equity values, beliefs and commitments of educational leaders represented in a key textual artifact of doctoral study, the Educational Doctorate (Ed.D.) dissertation. This sequential mixed method content analysis examines 15,014 dissertation titles of Ed.D dissertations completed from 112 U.S. public doctoral granting institutions between 1998-2007 to identify 1185 dissertations indicating gender in their title. A purposeful sample of 177 abstracts was selected from emergent themes for further analysis. The final research phase examined a purposeful sample of 9 complete dissertation texts selected from the analysis of the abstracts. The research focused on two questions, 1.) How prevalent is gender focused inquiry in recent Ed.D. dissertation scholarship, from 1998-2007? 2.) What are the cultural gender beliefs and gender conceptualizations represented in Ed.D. dissertation scholarship from 1998-2007? The findings indicate gender focused inquiry is not prevalent in Ed.D. dissertation titles, in public doctoral granting institutions from 1998-2007; only 7.4 % indicated any mention of gender. The findings also revealed great institutional variation in the prevalence of gender focused dissertations in the 112 institutions examined. Three themes also emerged from patterns of representations illuminating problematic gender cultural beliefs, 1,) male leadership and intellectual authority is privileged, 2.) Black males are "othered", 3.) Latinas are silenced. Three additional problematic themes of gender bias are revealed because of scanty representation in the sample, 1.) LGTBIQ issues silenced, 2.) Title IX trivialized and 3.) Feminism marginalized. Each of these three gender focused categories represented less than 1% of the Ed.D. dissertations completed in U.S. public doctoral granting universities between 1998-2007. The findings have implications for program planning of doctoral Ed. D. programs for the development of gender equity dispositions. The findings also contribute to the discipline by adding to the knowledge of Ed. D. dissertation content. This report includes recommendation for future research and practice. Close

• 32. [Article] Who Gender-Bends and Why? A Qualitative Study of World of Warcraft

  According to a 2009 study, 68% of American households played video games (Entertainment Software Association). With this number continually on the rise, video games and their cultures are in need of further ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Who Gender-Bends and Why? A Qualitative Study of World of Warcraft Author: Gregory, Clairellyn Rose Year: 2011 According to a 2009 study, 68% of American households played video games (Entertainment Software Association). With this number continually on the rise, video games and their cultures are in need of further scholarly exploration. A video game of particular interest is a massive online game known as World of Warcraft, drawing over twelve million players worldwide (Blizzard Entertainment, 2010). With a cyberspace-based culture, World of Warcraft exposes its players to phenomenon that are unique to it, and thereby not easily understood through the same measures and evaluations offered by society at large. One such phenomena is that of gender, or more specifically the bending of gender by which players assume characters of the opposite gender. Although a common practice in video games like World of Warcraft, its motivations have yet to receive adequately scholarly attention. The present study seeks to explore the process of gender selection in the massive online game World of Warcraft through qualitative methods utilizing interviews, texts, and field notes. The data is then analyzed using Kellner's (2003) methods of critical analysis of media and Langian's (1975) work on thematization. Title: Who Gender-Bends and Why? A Qualitative Study of World of Warcraft Author: Gregory, Clairellyn Rose Year: 2011 According to a 2009 study, 68% of American households played video games (Entertainment Software Association). With this number continually on the rise, video games and their cultures are in need of further scholarly exploration. A video game of particular interest is a massive online game known as World of Warcraft, drawing over twelve million players worldwide (Blizzard Entertainment, 2010). With a cyberspace-based culture, World of Warcraft exposes its players to phenomenon that are unique to it, and thereby not easily understood through the same measures and evaluations offered by society at large. One such phenomena is that of gender, or more specifically the bending of gender by which players assume characters of the opposite gender. Although a common practice in video games like World of Warcraft, its motivations have yet to receive adequately scholarly attention. The present study seeks to explore the process of gender selection in the massive online game World of Warcraft through qualitative methods utilizing interviews, texts, and field notes. The data is then analyzed using Kellner's (2003) methods of critical analysis of media and Langian's (1975) work on thematization. Close

• 33. [Article] References to Gendered Grief in Children's Media: A Content Analysis of Grief Picture Books

  Gender stereotypes, gender roles and the underrepresentation of women permeate modern American culture. These forms of sexism limit the socially acceptable ways that children are able to express difficult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: References to Gendered Grief in Children's Media: A Content Analysis of Grief Picture Books Author: Budgeon, Machaila Year: 2015 Gender stereotypes, gender roles and the underrepresentation of women permeate modern American culture. These forms of sexism limit the socially acceptable ways that children are able to express difficult emotion as they move through the grief process. This study focuses on these forms of sexism as they influence the creation and continuation of gendered grief by coding seventeen children’s grief picture books. Findings support the hypotheses that, not only are gender stereotypes, roles and the underrepresentation of both men and women present in grief picture books, but that they contribute to gendered grief. Suggestions for future research include a larger sample size and in-depth looks at specific contributors to gendered grief. Title: References to Gendered Grief in Children's Media: A Content Analysis of Grief Picture Books Author: Budgeon, Machaila Year: 2015 Gender stereotypes, gender roles and the underrepresentation of women permeate modern American culture. These forms of sexism limit the socially acceptable ways that children are able to express difficult emotion as they move through the grief process. This study focuses on these forms of sexism as they influence the creation and continuation of gendered grief by coding seventeen children’s grief picture books. Findings support the hypotheses that, not only are gender stereotypes, roles and the underrepresentation of both men and women present in grief picture books, but that they contribute to gendered grief. Suggestions for future research include a larger sample size and in-depth looks at specific contributors to gendered grief. Close

• 34. [Article] Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features : are there gender issues?

  Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features : are there gender issues? Author: Cook, Curtis R., Beckwith, Laura A., Burnett, Margaret, 1949-, Sorte, Shraddha, Wiedenbeck, Susan, Hastings, Michelle, Oregon State University. Dept. of Computer Science Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and retention of female computer science professionals—but the possibility of gender issues within software has received almost no attention. If gender issues exist with some types of software features, it is possible that accommodating them by changing these features can increase effectiveness, but only if we know what these issues are. In this paper, we empirically investigate gender differences for end users in the context of debugging spreadsheets. Our results uncover significant gender differences in feature acceptance, and show that these differences can significantly impact effectiveness. Title: Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features : are there gender issues? Author: Cook, Curtis R., Beckwith, Laura A., Burnett, Margaret, 1949-, Sorte, Shraddha, Wiedenbeck, Susan, Hastings, Michelle, Oregon State University. Dept. of Computer Science Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and retention of female computer science professionals—but the possibility of gender issues within software has received almost no attention. If gender issues exist with some types of software features, it is possible that accommodating them by changing these features can increase effectiveness, but only if we know what these issues are. In this paper, we empirically investigate gender differences for end users in the context of debugging spreadsheets. Our results uncover significant gender differences in feature acceptance, and show that these differences can significantly impact effectiveness. Close

• 35. [Article] Las Pioneras : New Immigrant Destinations and the Gendered Experiences of Latina Immigrants

  Are experiences with migration affecting culturally specific gendered practices, roles, attitudes, and ideologies of Mexican women and men? Which experiences reinforce patriarchy? Which experiences transform ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Las Pioneras : New Immigrant Destinations and the Gendered Experiences of Latina Immigrants Author: Mejia, Angie Pamela Year: 2009 Are experiences with migration affecting culturally specific gendered practices, roles, attitudes, and ideologies of Mexican women and men? Which experiences reinforce patriarchy? Which experiences transform patriarchy? This thesis proposes that Mexican immigrant women will subscribe to and enact different gendered behaviors depending upon their perception of gendered gains. Various factors, such as time of arrival, previous experiences with negative machismos, and workforce participation affect how they construct gendered identities. The context where bargaining occurs-whether itwas the home, the community, or the workplace - inform women of what strategies they need implement in order to negotiate with patriarchy. This study employs two models, Deniz Kandiyoti's concept of the patriarchal bargain and Sylvya Walby' s theoretical position of patriarchy fomenting unique gender inequalities within different contexts, to process the different ways Mexican immigrant women perceive and perform gender. The author analyzed data collected from participant observation activities, focus groups, and interviews with women of Mexican descent living in new immigrant destinations. Mexican immigrant women's narratives of negotiations and transformations with male partners indicated equal adherence of traditional and nontraditional gendered behaviors in order to build satisfactory patriarchal bargains. In addition, data suggested that identity formation was the outcome of migratory influences; it also indicated that progressive ideas about gender were salient before migrating to the U.S .. Findings also suggested that reassured masculine identities, due to the stable work options open to Mexican immigrant males in this area, became a factor in the emergence and adherence of distinct gendered attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions by women in this study. Title: Las Pioneras : New Immigrant Destinations and the Gendered Experiences of Latina Immigrants Author: Mejia, Angie Pamela Year: 2009 Are experiences with migration affecting culturally specific gendered practices, roles, attitudes, and ideologies of Mexican women and men? Which experiences reinforce patriarchy? Which experiences transform patriarchy? This thesis proposes that Mexican immigrant women will subscribe to and enact different gendered behaviors depending upon their perception of gendered gains. Various factors, such as time of arrival, previous experiences with negative machismos, and workforce participation affect how they construct gendered identities. The context where bargaining occurs-whether itwas the home, the community, or the workplace - inform women of what strategies they need implement in order to negotiate with patriarchy. This study employs two models, Deniz Kandiyoti's concept of the patriarchal bargain and Sylvya Walby' s theoretical position of patriarchy fomenting unique gender inequalities within different contexts, to process the different ways Mexican immigrant women perceive and perform gender. The author analyzed data collected from participant observation activities, focus groups, and interviews with women of Mexican descent living in new immigrant destinations. Mexican immigrant women's narratives of negotiations and transformations with male partners indicated equal adherence of traditional and nontraditional gendered behaviors in order to build satisfactory patriarchal bargains. In addition, data suggested that identity formation was the outcome of migratory influences; it also indicated that progressive ideas about gender were salient before migrating to the U.S .. Findings also suggested that reassured masculine identities, due to the stable work options open to Mexican immigrant males in this area, became a factor in the emergence and adherence of distinct gendered attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions by women in this study. Close

• 36. [Article] The Experiences of Male Students in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies

  Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (WGSS) is an interdisciplinary academic field that addresses gender, sexuality, and social justice issues. The research objective of this project was to examine the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Experiences of Male Students in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Author: Viveros Cespedes, Marcos Andres Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (WGSS) is an interdisciplinary academic field that addresses gender, sexuality, and social justice issues. The research objective of this project was to examine the attitudes of self-identified male students in introductory Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies for winter term 2016 at Oregon State University. This project used the research method from a similar study done in 2005 at Oregon State University to provide an analysis on male attitudes about gender and social justice. The purpose of this replication was to measure the attitudes of research participants in both studies about gender and social justice. A mix-methods approach was used to assess potential impacts that WGSS has on self-identified male students. The results of this research demonstrate that male students in 2016 gained new perspectives on gender and social equality. This research showed evidence of the conflict between privileged male students identities and how these identities impacted their engagement with WGSS. The results of the comparison between 2016 and 2005 indicated that self-identified male students perceived themselves to be more open about gender and social equality. Recommendations for Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies and for future research are also discussed Title: The Experiences of Male Students in Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Author: Viveros Cespedes, Marcos Andres Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies (WGSS) is an interdisciplinary academic field that addresses gender, sexuality, and social justice issues. The research objective of this project was to examine the attitudes of self-identified male students in introductory Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies for winter term 2016 at Oregon State University. This project used the research method from a similar study done in 2005 at Oregon State University to provide an analysis on male attitudes about gender and social justice. The purpose of this replication was to measure the attitudes of research participants in both studies about gender and social justice. A mix-methods approach was used to assess potential impacts that WGSS has on self-identified male students. The results of this research demonstrate that male students in 2016 gained new perspectives on gender and social equality. This research showed evidence of the conflict between privileged male students identities and how these identities impacted their engagement with WGSS. The results of the comparison between 2016 and 2005 indicated that self-identified male students perceived themselves to be more open about gender and social equality. Recommendations for Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies and for future research are also discussed Close

• 37. [Article] Words Carried in with the Tide: Boundaries of Gender in FisherPoetry

  The FisherPoets Gathering is an annual event where expressive art performed exposes the explicit and implicit gender dynamics of the occupation of commercial fishing. Through these performances, women ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Words Carried in with the Tide: Boundaries of Gender in FisherPoetry Author: Meyer, Julianne Year: 2016 The FisherPoets Gathering is an annual event where expressive art performed exposes the explicit and implicit gender dynamics of the occupation of commercial fishing. Through these performances, women tackle gender issues that bridge the gap between the fishing industry and the event. Through performance and interactions with fellow female FisherPoets, the women validate themselves as fishermen and comment on the behavior of their male colleagues. These performance-based expressive art forms enable them to address the fishing industry’s gender power dynamics and begin to make social change. Title: Words Carried in with the Tide: Boundaries of Gender in FisherPoetry Author: Meyer, Julianne Year: 2016 The FisherPoets Gathering is an annual event where expressive art performed exposes the explicit and implicit gender dynamics of the occupation of commercial fishing. Through these performances, women tackle gender issues that bridge the gap between the fishing industry and the event. Through performance and interactions with fellow female FisherPoets, the women validate themselves as fishermen and comment on the behavior of their male colleagues. These performance-based expressive art forms enable them to address the fishing industry’s gender power dynamics and begin to make social change. Close

• 38. [Article] The Sexual Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Youth

  Although persons of different sexual and gender orientations often get grouped together under the term “LGBTQ” (for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning), it is important to distinguish ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Sexual Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Youth Author: Gowen, L. Kris Year: 2011 Although persons of different sexual and gender orientations often get grouped together under the term “LGBTQ” (for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning), it is important to distinguish between subpopulations based on sexual vs. gender orientation. A person’s sexual orientation is the gender to which a person is emotionally, romantically, and sexually attracted. Gender identity is how a person self-identifies as a particular gender regardless of biological sex characteristics. “Transgender” describes persons who are born a certain sex, but identify with, and consequently wish to live as, a different gender than the sex their anatomy dictates. According to data from the 2009 Oregon Healthy Teens survey, 5% of 11th graders identify as being lesbian, gay, or bisexual, and another 2.3% report being “unsure” of their sexual orientation (i.e., questioning); almost 10% of female and 5% of male 11th graders report same-sex sexual experiences. The prevalence of transgender or gender non-conforming youth is unknown. Health disparities among LGBTQ persons have received more public health attention in recent years. The Healthy People 2020 objectives, which set the federal government’s national goals for health, includes a goal to “improve the health, safety, and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals.”2 In 2011, the Institute of Medicine released a consensus report that highlights the health status of persons of different sexual and gender orientations.3 However, both of these initiatives acknowledge the lack of data to inform this topic, especially regarding the health of transgender persons. Title: The Sexual Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Youth Author: Gowen, L. Kris Year: 2011 Although persons of different sexual and gender orientations often get grouped together under the term “LGBTQ” (for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning), it is important to distinguish between subpopulations based on sexual vs. gender orientation. A person’s sexual orientation is the gender to which a person is emotionally, romantically, and sexually attracted. Gender identity is how a person self-identifies as a particular gender regardless of biological sex characteristics. “Transgender” describes persons who are born a certain sex, but identify with, and consequently wish to live as, a different gender than the sex their anatomy dictates. According to data from the 2009 Oregon Healthy Teens survey, 5% of 11th graders identify as being lesbian, gay, or bisexual, and another 2.3% report being “unsure” of their sexual orientation (i.e., questioning); almost 10% of female and 5% of male 11th graders report same-sex sexual experiences. The prevalence of transgender or gender non-conforming youth is unknown. Health disparities among LGBTQ persons have received more public health attention in recent years. The Healthy People 2020 objectives, which set the federal government’s national goals for health, includes a goal to “improve the health, safety, and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals.”2 In 2011, the Institute of Medicine released a consensus report that highlights the health status of persons of different sexual and gender orientations.3 However, both of these initiatives acknowledge the lack of data to inform this topic, especially regarding the health of transgender persons. Close

• 39. [Article] Children's housework in single-mother and single-father families

  Using data from the 1987-1988 National Survey of Families and Households, this study compared time children of single mothers (n = 717) and fathers (n = 78) spent on housework. Housework takes time and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Children's housework in single-mother and single-father families Author: Hall, Leslie Duke Using data from the 1987-1988 National Survey of Families and Households, this study compared time children of single mothers (n = 717) and fathers (n = 78) spent on housework. Housework takes time and many parents combine it with employment and child rearing. Characteristics of families headed by single mothers and fathers differ: mothers have more and younger children, fathers have more. The purpose of this study was to use a nationally representative data set to examine participation in housework by children in single-parent families. It examined whether the pattern of labor differed by gender of parent or child, or by an interaction between the two. Central to the theoretical perspective is the nation that the gendered division of labor in unpaid family work is part of socially constructed gender. Because parent characteristics and child characteristics influence children's housework, these and other variables were explored. Variables which were significant in preliminary analyses were entered into the final analyses. The dependent variables were time children spent in housework, both absolute (hours) and relative (percentage of time spent by children of the time spent by children and parents), measured for overall, "feminine," and "masculine" housework. General Linear Models were used in the first set of analyses, testing for differences by gender of parent as if mother households and father households were equal on all covariates. Multiple regression models were used in the second set of analyses exploring the impact of child gender. Multiple regression models with an interaction factor (gender of child and gender of parent) were used in the final analyses. Families headed by single fathers overall did less housework than families headed by single mothers. Children of fathers spent a higher percentage of time in housework than children of mothers. There was no interaction between parent gender and child gender that would show only fathers or only mothers burden their daughters. As in two-parent households, daughters in single-mother and in single-father families do more housework than sons. Title: Children's housework in single-mother and single-father families Author: Hall, Leslie Duke Using data from the 1987-1988 National Survey of Families and Households, this study compared time children of single mothers (n = 717) and fathers (n = 78) spent on housework. Housework takes time and many parents combine it with employment and child rearing. Characteristics of families headed by single mothers and fathers differ: mothers have more and younger children, fathers have more. The purpose of this study was to use a nationally representative data set to examine participation in housework by children in single-parent families. It examined whether the pattern of labor differed by gender of parent or child, or by an interaction between the two. Central to the theoretical perspective is the nation that the gendered division of labor in unpaid family work is part of socially constructed gender. Because parent characteristics and child characteristics influence children's housework, these and other variables were explored. Variables which were significant in preliminary analyses were entered into the final analyses. The dependent variables were time children spent in housework, both absolute (hours) and relative (percentage of time spent by children of the time spent by children and parents), measured for overall, "feminine," and "masculine" housework. General Linear Models were used in the first set of analyses, testing for differences by gender of parent as if mother households and father households were equal on all covariates. Multiple regression models were used in the second set of analyses exploring the impact of child gender. Multiple regression models with an interaction factor (gender of child and gender of parent) were used in the final analyses. Families headed by single fathers overall did less housework than families headed by single mothers. Children of fathers spent a higher percentage of time in housework than children of mothers. There was no interaction between parent gender and child gender that would show only fathers or only mothers burden their daughters. As in two-parent households, daughters in single-mother and in single-father families do more housework than sons. Close

• 40. [Article] Gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality

  Over the past 10 years there has been much research on various aspects of gender-role orientation. Specifically, many studies have explored gender-role orientation as a predictor of psychological adjustment. Findings ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality Author: Lange, Sandra L. Over the past 10 years there has been much research on various aspects of gender-role orientation. Specifically, many studies have explored gender-role orientation as a predictor of psychological adjustment. Findings suggest that masculine and androgynous individuals are high on psychological adjustment whereas, feminine and undifferentiated individuals score lower on adjustment. On the other hand, the research on gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality reveal that highly feminine individuals (feminine and androgynous) score high on marital quality and masculine individuals, which are found to score highly on psychological adjustment, score lower on marital quality. The purpose of this study was to further explore gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality and to shed some light on the findings between psychological adjustment and marital quality. Bems Sex Role Inventory (1974) was used to measure gender-role orientation. Marital quality was measured by Braiker and Kelley's (1979) relationship questionnaire which served as a global assessment of the relationships. A second measurement of marital quality was an inventory of marital activities (Cate, 1980). This measured the number of specific activities the couples participated in, as well as a subjective evaluation of the amount of pleasure of the specific activities. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were run to examine differences in wives' marital quality scores between groups of husbands with different gender-role orientations. Additional AMOVA's were run to test for differences in husband's marital quality scores between groups of wives with different gender-role orientations. Correlation coefficients were then performed between husbands' femininity and wives' marital quality and other correlations were run between wives' femininity and husbands' marital quality. These were performed to explore the relationship between femininity and marital quality. Lastly, the same logic applied in testing the relationship between masculinity and marital quality. Results indicated that husbands married to highly feminine wives perceived the pleasure of their marital activities to be significantly higher than husbands married to masculine wives. There were no significant differences in wives' marital quality among the husbands' different gender-role orientations. Masculine orientation did not relate to marital quality. Title: Gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality Author: Lange, Sandra L. Over the past 10 years there has been much research on various aspects of gender-role orientation. Specifically, many studies have explored gender-role orientation as a predictor of psychological adjustment. Findings suggest that masculine and androgynous individuals are high on psychological adjustment whereas, feminine and undifferentiated individuals score lower on adjustment. On the other hand, the research on gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality reveal that highly feminine individuals (feminine and androgynous) score high on marital quality and masculine individuals, which are found to score highly on psychological adjustment, score lower on marital quality. The purpose of this study was to further explore gender-role orientation as a predictor of marital quality and to shed some light on the findings between psychological adjustment and marital quality. Bems Sex Role Inventory (1974) was used to measure gender-role orientation. Marital quality was measured by Braiker and Kelley's (1979) relationship questionnaire which served as a global assessment of the relationships. A second measurement of marital quality was an inventory of marital activities (Cate, 1980). This measured the number of specific activities the couples participated in, as well as a subjective evaluation of the amount of pleasure of the specific activities. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were run to examine differences in wives' marital quality scores between groups of husbands with different gender-role orientations. Additional AMOVA's were run to test for differences in husband's marital quality scores between groups of wives with different gender-role orientations. Correlation coefficients were then performed between husbands' femininity and wives' marital quality and other correlations were run between wives' femininity and husbands' marital quality. These were performed to explore the relationship between femininity and marital quality. Lastly, the same logic applied in testing the relationship between masculinity and marital quality. Results indicated that husbands married to highly feminine wives perceived the pleasure of their marital activities to be significantly higher than husbands married to masculine wives. There were no significant differences in wives' marital quality among the husbands' different gender-role orientations. Masculine orientation did not relate to marital quality. Close