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• 31. [Article] Transactional analysis applied to a community development issue

  Barth's theory of transactional analysis is applied to the community of Tiller, Oregon and its reaction to a development proposal. Community behavior patterns vis-a-vis the development proposal are examined ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Transactional analysis applied to a community development issue Author: Manolescu, Kathleen M. Barth's theory of transactional analysis is applied to the community of Tiller, Oregon and its reaction to a development proposal. Community behavior patterns vis-a-vis the development proposal are examined from a processual point of view to determine how these patterns are generated. The community's history and contemporary situation are described. Data derived from bibliographic and field research are presented to illustrate transactions involving reciprocity in the community. A generative model is formulated to depict the constraints and incentives channeling decision-making in the transactions. It is concluded that a transactional analysis is an appropriate tool for examining the community development process and for specifying critical elements in development. The analysis revealed cultural evaluations and therefore provided an indirect means for engaging citizen participation and for assessing the development proposal. Title: Transactional analysis applied to a community development issue Author: Manolescu, Kathleen M. Barth's theory of transactional analysis is applied to the community of Tiller, Oregon and its reaction to a development proposal. Community behavior patterns vis-a-vis the development proposal are examined from a processual point of view to determine how these patterns are generated. The community's history and contemporary situation are described. Data derived from bibliographic and field research are presented to illustrate transactions involving reciprocity in the community. A generative model is formulated to depict the constraints and incentives channeling decision-making in the transactions. It is concluded that a transactional analysis is an appropriate tool for examining the community development process and for specifying critical elements in development. The analysis revealed cultural evaluations and therefore provided an indirect means for engaging citizen participation and for assessing the development proposal. Close

• 32. [Article] Understanding Software Development and Testing Practices

  A bad software development process leads to wasted effort and inferior products. In order to improve a software process, it must be first understood. In this work I focus on understanding software processes. The ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Understanding Software Development and Testing Practices Author: Hilton, Michael (Michael Edward) A bad software development process leads to wasted effort and inferior products. In order to improve a software process, it must be first understood. In this work I focus on understanding software processes. The first process we seek to understand is Continuous Integration (CI). CI systems automate the compilation, building, and testing of software. Despite CI rising as a big success story in automated software engineering, it has received almost no attention from the research community. For example, how widely is CI used in practice, and what are some costs and benefits associated with CI? Without answering such questions, developers, tool builders, and researchers make decisions based on folklore instead of data. We use three complementary methods to study the usage of CI in open-source projects. To understand which CI systems developers use, we analyzed 34,544 open-source projects from GitHub. To understand how developers use CI, we analyzed 1,529,291 builds from the most commonly used CI system. To understand why projects use or do not use CI, we surveyed 442 developers. With this data, we answered several key questions related to the usage, costs, and benefits of CI. Among our results, we show evidence that supports the claim that CI helps projects release more often, that CI is widely adopted by the most popular projects, as well as finding that the overall percentage of projects using CI continues to grow, making it important and timely to focus more research on CI. Furthermore, we present a qualitative study of the barriers and needs developers face when using CI. In this paper, we conduct 16 semi-structured interviews with developers from different industries and development scales. We triangulate our findings by running two surveys. The Focused Survey samples 51 developers at a single company. The Broad Survey samples a population of 523 developers from all over the world. We identify trade-offs developers face when using and implementing CI. Developers face trade-offs between speed and certainty (Assurance), between better access and information security (Security), and between more configuration options and better ease of use (Flexibility). We present implications of these trade-offs for developers, tool builders, and researchers. Additionally, we seek to use code and test changes to understand conformance to the Test Driven Development (TDD) process. We designed and implemented TDDViz, a tool that supports developers in better understanding how they conform to TDD. TDDViz supports this understanding by providing novel visualizations of developers’ TDD process. To enable TDDViz’s visualizations, we developed a novel automatic inferencer that identifies the phases that make up the TDD process solely based on code and test changes. We evaluate TDDViz using two complementary methods: a controlled experiment with 35 participants to evaluate the visualization, and a case study with 2601 TDD Sessions to evaluate the inference algorithm. The controlled experiment shows that, in comparison to existing visualizations, participants performed significantly better when using TDDViz to answer questions about code evolution. In addition, the case study shows that the inferencing algorithm in TDDViz infers TDD phases with an accuracy (F-measure) of 87%. Title: Understanding Software Development and Testing Practices Author: Hilton, Michael (Michael Edward) A bad software development process leads to wasted effort and inferior products. In order to improve a software process, it must be first understood. In this work I focus on understanding software processes. The first process we seek to understand is Continuous Integration (CI). CI systems automate the compilation, building, and testing of software. Despite CI rising as a big success story in automated software engineering, it has received almost no attention from the research community. For example, how widely is CI used in practice, and what are some costs and benefits associated with CI? Without answering such questions, developers, tool builders, and researchers make decisions based on folklore instead of data. We use three complementary methods to study the usage of CI in open-source projects. To understand which CI systems developers use, we analyzed 34,544 open-source projects from GitHub. To understand how developers use CI, we analyzed 1,529,291 builds from the most commonly used CI system. To understand why projects use or do not use CI, we surveyed 442 developers. With this data, we answered several key questions related to the usage, costs, and benefits of CI. Among our results, we show evidence that supports the claim that CI helps projects release more often, that CI is widely adopted by the most popular projects, as well as finding that the overall percentage of projects using CI continues to grow, making it important and timely to focus more research on CI. Furthermore, we present a qualitative study of the barriers and needs developers face when using CI. In this paper, we conduct 16 semi-structured interviews with developers from different industries and development scales. We triangulate our findings by running two surveys. The Focused Survey samples 51 developers at a single company. The Broad Survey samples a population of 523 developers from all over the world. We identify trade-offs developers face when using and implementing CI. Developers face trade-offs between speed and certainty (Assurance), between better access and information security (Security), and between more configuration options and better ease of use (Flexibility). We present implications of these trade-offs for developers, tool builders, and researchers. Additionally, we seek to use code and test changes to understand conformance to the Test Driven Development (TDD) process. We designed and implemented TDDViz, a tool that supports developers in better understanding how they conform to TDD. TDDViz supports this understanding by providing novel visualizations of developers’ TDD process. To enable TDDViz’s visualizations, we developed a novel automatic inferencer that identifies the phases that make up the TDD process solely based on code and test changes. We evaluate TDDViz using two complementary methods: a controlled experiment with 35 participants to evaluate the visualization, and a case study with 2601 TDD Sessions to evaluate the inference algorithm. The controlled experiment shows that, in comparison to existing visualizations, participants performed significantly better when using TDDViz to answer questions about code evolution. In addition, the case study shows that the inferencing algorithm in TDDViz infers TDD phases with an accuracy (F-measure) of 87%. Close

• 33. [Article] An analysis of social relationships at a development site in Kenya

  Both development and post-structuralist anthropologists have critiqued development. Development anthropologists are concerned that development does not take adequate account of the social and cultural ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An analysis of social relationships at a development site in Kenya Author: Burke, Deborah A. Both development and post-structuralist anthropologists have critiqued development. Development anthropologists are concerned that development does not take adequate account of the social and cultural factors of developing nations, while post structuralists question the ontology of development and assert that domination over developing nations is inherent in the concept of development. To examine the social effects of development projects I conducted ethnographic research for a nine-week period on social relations at Sagana Fish Farm, located two kilometers from Sagana Township in the Kirinyaga District of the Central Province of Kenya. (The population of Sagana Township is approximately 5,885 people.) I obtained thirty-one semi-structured interviews, also relying on participant observation and informal interviews with civil servants (permanent employees) and casual laborers (temporary employees). I analyzed information obtained during interviews and participant observation within the context of power and resistance theory. Civil servants tended to value the presence of development projects because projects made structural enhancements and renovations to the fish farm. Development projects presented civil servants the possibility for skills development and additional income to fish farm employees and created temporary employment for individuals from neighboring communities. Civil servants stated that an inexpensive source of protein was available in the form of fish, chicken, and milk as a result of the work of development organizations. However, they also expressed concerns regarding the sustainability of development projects due to tension between expatriate development project workers and fish farm employees, inadequate information sharing and technology transfer, and financial and human resource mismanagement in the Kenya civil service. Casual laborers discussed the possibility of skills development through their work with development projects at the fish farm and expressed concern about their employment conditions. They were concerned about low wages in contrast with the intensity of their labor; insecure terms of employment; an absence of protective equipment at their work site; health and medical issues; and the availability of treated drinking water. Other concerns were associated with dignity, tribalism, and a fear of power of expatriate development workers and Kenyan civil service officers. Based on the above findings I made the following recommendations were made: implement cultural sensitivity training for expatriate development workers; develop project plans that foster a sense of investment in project operations; provide discounted fish to casual laborers; improve the work conditions of casual laborers; establish a health clinic; and provide informal loans to facilitate technology transfer. Title: An analysis of social relationships at a development site in Kenya Author: Burke, Deborah A. Both development and post-structuralist anthropologists have critiqued development. Development anthropologists are concerned that development does not take adequate account of the social and cultural factors of developing nations, while post structuralists question the ontology of development and assert that domination over developing nations is inherent in the concept of development. To examine the social effects of development projects I conducted ethnographic research for a nine-week period on social relations at Sagana Fish Farm, located two kilometers from Sagana Township in the Kirinyaga District of the Central Province of Kenya. (The population of Sagana Township is approximately 5,885 people.) I obtained thirty-one semi-structured interviews, also relying on participant observation and informal interviews with civil servants (permanent employees) and casual laborers (temporary employees). I analyzed information obtained during interviews and participant observation within the context of power and resistance theory. Civil servants tended to value the presence of development projects because projects made structural enhancements and renovations to the fish farm. Development projects presented civil servants the possibility for skills development and additional income to fish farm employees and created temporary employment for individuals from neighboring communities. Civil servants stated that an inexpensive source of protein was available in the form of fish, chicken, and milk as a result of the work of development organizations. However, they also expressed concerns regarding the sustainability of development projects due to tension between expatriate development project workers and fish farm employees, inadequate information sharing and technology transfer, and financial and human resource mismanagement in the Kenya civil service. Casual laborers discussed the possibility of skills development through their work with development projects at the fish farm and expressed concern about their employment conditions. They were concerned about low wages in contrast with the intensity of their labor; insecure terms of employment; an absence of protective equipment at their work site; health and medical issues; and the availability of treated drinking water. Other concerns were associated with dignity, tribalism, and a fear of power of expatriate development workers and Kenyan civil service officers. Based on the above findings I made the following recommendations were made: implement cultural sensitivity training for expatriate development workers; develop project plans that foster a sense of investment in project operations; provide discounted fish to casual laborers; improve the work conditions of casual laborers; establish a health clinic; and provide informal loans to facilitate technology transfer. Close

• 34. [Article] What Matters for Financial Development? Capital Controls, Institutions, and Interactions

  We extend our earlier work, focusing on the links between capital account liberalization, legal and institutional development, and financial development, especially that in equity markets. In a panel data ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: What Matters for Financial Development? Capital Controls, Institutions, and Interactions Author: Chinn, Menzie David, Ito, Hiro Year: 2005 We extend our earlier work, focusing on the links between capital account liberalization, legal and institutional development, and financial development, especially that in equity markets. In a panel data analysis encompassing 108 countries and twenty years ranging from 1980 to 2000, we explore several dimensions of the financial sector. First, we test whether financial openness can lead to equity market development when we control for the level of legal and institutional development. Then, we examine whether the opening of the goods sector is a precondition for financial opening. Finally, we investigate whether a well-developed banking sector is a precondition for financial liberalization to lead to equity market development and also whether bank and equity market development complements or substitutes. Our empirical results suggest that a higher level of financial openness contributes to the development of equity markets only if a threshold level of general legal systems and institutions is attained, which is more prevalent among emerging market countries. Among emerging market countries, a higher level of bureaucratic quality and law and order, as well as the lower levels of corruption, increases the effect of financial opening in fostering the development of equity markets. We also find that the finance-related legal/institutional variables do not enhance the effect of capital account opening as strongly as the general legal/institutional variables. In examining the issue of the sequencing, we find that the liberalization in cross-border goods transactions is found to be a precondition for capital account liberalization. Our findings also indicate that the development in the banking sector is a precondition for equity market development, and that the developments in these two types of financial markets have synergistic effects. Title: What Matters for Financial Development? Capital Controls, Institutions, and Interactions Author: Chinn, Menzie David, Ito, Hiro Year: 2005 We extend our earlier work, focusing on the links between capital account liberalization, legal and institutional development, and financial development, especially that in equity markets. In a panel data analysis encompassing 108 countries and twenty years ranging from 1980 to 2000, we explore several dimensions of the financial sector. First, we test whether financial openness can lead to equity market development when we control for the level of legal and institutional development. Then, we examine whether the opening of the goods sector is a precondition for financial opening. Finally, we investigate whether a well-developed banking sector is a precondition for financial liberalization to lead to equity market development and also whether bank and equity market development complements or substitutes. Our empirical results suggest that a higher level of financial openness contributes to the development of equity markets only if a threshold level of general legal systems and institutions is attained, which is more prevalent among emerging market countries. Among emerging market countries, a higher level of bureaucratic quality and law and order, as well as the lower levels of corruption, increases the effect of financial opening in fostering the development of equity markets. We also find that the finance-related legal/institutional variables do not enhance the effect of capital account opening as strongly as the general legal/institutional variables. In examining the issue of the sequencing, we find that the liberalization in cross-border goods transactions is found to be a precondition for capital account liberalization. Our findings also indicate that the development in the banking sector is a precondition for equity market development, and that the developments in these two types of financial markets have synergistic effects. Close

• 35. [Article] Discovery and Isolation of Bioactive Natural Products from Actinomycete Bacteria With an Examination of Infectious Disease Drug Development and Application: A Comparison of the Developing and Developed Worlds

  June 2012

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Discovery and Isolation of Bioactive Natural Products from Actinomycete Bacteria With an Examination of Infectious Disease Drug Development and Application: A Comparison of the Developing and Developed Worlds Author: Petrossian, Gregory June 2012 Title: Discovery and Isolation of Bioactive Natural Products from Actinomycete Bacteria With an Examination of Infectious Disease Drug Development and Application: A Comparison of the Developing and Developed Worlds Author: Petrossian, Gregory June 2012 Close

• 36. [Article] Preschool children's motor development and perceived competence

  This study compared the effects of two conditions on the motor development of preschool children and investigated the relationship between preschool children's motor development and perceived competence. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Preschool children's motor development and perceived competence Author: Boucher, Barbara H. This study compared the effects of two conditions on the motor development of preschool children and investigated the relationship between preschool children's motor development and perceived competence. Specifically, it provided information for discerning: a) the relative effects of a sensory-motor condition and an unstructured activities condition on the motor development of preschool children immediately following the 20-week intervention; and b) whether perceived competence was related to motor development in the preschool children following termination of the treatment. Additionally, a teacher survey which addressed the teacher-consultant relationship was developed and piloted within the context of the study for use in future research. Subjects were 31 children enrolled in two preschool programs including: a) the curriculum group (N=16), and b) the non-curriculum group (N=l5). The Peabody Motor Developmental Scales and the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance were used to assess the children's motor development and perceived competence, respectively. All subjects were tested prior to the 20- week intervention period and immediately following the intervention. A series of 2 (group) X 2 (testing time) repeated measures analyses of variance were used to analyze the impact of the two conditions. Results revealed that the motor development of subjects in both groups changed significantly over time; however, there were no differences between groups. Product-moment correlations and linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between preschool children's motor development and perceived competence. Results revealed that perceived competence relative to motor development did not change over time; however a reciprocal relationship between motor development and perceived competence in preschool children was found. The piloted teacher survey showed potential for evaluation of service delivery models and as a tool for teacher-consultant communication in future studies. Title: Preschool children's motor development and perceived competence Author: Boucher, Barbara H. This study compared the effects of two conditions on the motor development of preschool children and investigated the relationship between preschool children's motor development and perceived competence. Specifically, it provided information for discerning: a) the relative effects of a sensory-motor condition and an unstructured activities condition on the motor development of preschool children immediately following the 20-week intervention; and b) whether perceived competence was related to motor development in the preschool children following termination of the treatment. Additionally, a teacher survey which addressed the teacher-consultant relationship was developed and piloted within the context of the study for use in future research. Subjects were 31 children enrolled in two preschool programs including: a) the curriculum group (N=16), and b) the non-curriculum group (N=l5). The Peabody Motor Developmental Scales and the Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance were used to assess the children's motor development and perceived competence, respectively. All subjects were tested prior to the 20- week intervention period and immediately following the intervention. A series of 2 (group) X 2 (testing time) repeated measures analyses of variance were used to analyze the impact of the two conditions. Results revealed that the motor development of subjects in both groups changed significantly over time; however, there were no differences between groups. Product-moment correlations and linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationship between preschool children's motor development and perceived competence. Results revealed that perceived competence relative to motor development did not change over time; however a reciprocal relationship between motor development and perceived competence in preschool children was found. The piloted teacher survey showed potential for evaluation of service delivery models and as a tool for teacher-consultant communication in future studies. Close

• 37. [Article] A product development process measurement methodology applied to small manufacturing companies

  The implementation of concurrent engineering into many large companies has greatly improved their product development processes. These companies have seen significant gains in quality and customer satisfaction ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A product development process measurement methodology applied to small manufacturing companies Author: Schlegel, Stephen C. The implementation of concurrent engineering into many large companies has greatly improved their product development processes. These companies have seen significant gains in quality and customer satisfaction with reduced product costs, defects, and time-to-market (Lake, 1992). Many large companies have successfully employed this relatively new product development philosophy. However, smaller companies have not yet integrated this philosophy into their product development systems with the success that larger companies have seen. With small companies composing 98% of the manufacturing firms in this country (U.S. Census Bureau, 1995), there has been a recent push for the development of implementation methods for small companies. This paper presents a five step approach that small manufacturing companies can use to implement a concurrent engineering based product development process. Our definition of a small manufacturing company is an organization with 50 or fewer employees and net annual sales of 10 million dollars or less. The first step provides a general outline for companies to use in documenting their current product development process. The second step involves comparing the company's current product development process to a concurrent engineering based product development process model that is general enough for nearly all manufacturing firms. This step also includes the use of the theory of constraints and a so-called revised theory of constraints method to further refine the process understanding and description. Third, a new methodology for designing and applying process measurements is used to provide insight into the relationships that exists between the internal and external resources, requirements and deliverables of the product development process. It is during this step that the Process Measurement Matrix (PMM) is developed. Fourth, the PMM is used in conjunction with the analytical hierarchy process or a simple ranking technique to develop relative priorities. Finally, the appropriate measurements are constructed for each subprocess in the product development process. Title: A product development process measurement methodology applied to small manufacturing companies Author: Schlegel, Stephen C. The implementation of concurrent engineering into many large companies has greatly improved their product development processes. These companies have seen significant gains in quality and customer satisfaction with reduced product costs, defects, and time-to-market (Lake, 1992). Many large companies have successfully employed this relatively new product development philosophy. However, smaller companies have not yet integrated this philosophy into their product development systems with the success that larger companies have seen. With small companies composing 98% of the manufacturing firms in this country (U.S. Census Bureau, 1995), there has been a recent push for the development of implementation methods for small companies. This paper presents a five step approach that small manufacturing companies can use to implement a concurrent engineering based product development process. Our definition of a small manufacturing company is an organization with 50 or fewer employees and net annual sales of 10 million dollars or less. The first step provides a general outline for companies to use in documenting their current product development process. The second step involves comparing the company's current product development process to a concurrent engineering based product development process model that is general enough for nearly all manufacturing firms. This step also includes the use of the theory of constraints and a so-called revised theory of constraints method to further refine the process understanding and description. Third, a new methodology for designing and applying process measurements is used to provide insight into the relationships that exists between the internal and external resources, requirements and deliverables of the product development process. It is during this step that the Process Measurement Matrix (PMM) is developed. Fourth, the PMM is used in conjunction with the analytical hierarchy process or a simple ranking technique to develop relative priorities. Finally, the appropriate measurements are constructed for each subprocess in the product development process. Close

• 38. [Article] Mitigating the impacts of Measure 37 : implementing a statewide transferable development rights program in Oregon

  Nonregulatory land use planning tools can be effective for achieving statewide planning goals, but only in a regulatory context. Measure 37 makes that regulatory context problematic, with planners’ flexibility ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mitigating the impacts of Measure 37 : implementing a statewide transferable development rights program in Oregon Author: Grothaus, Mary L. Year: 2007 Nonregulatory land use planning tools can be effective for achieving statewide planning goals, but only in a regulatory context. Measure 37 makes that regulatory context problematic, with planners’ flexibility in making regulatory changes stymied. To conserve wildlife habitat after Measure 37, Oregon’s planners need to turn to these non-regulatory tools. One such tool is transferable development rights (TDRs). TDRs equitably preserve the ecosystem services of rural lands and promote efficient land use patterns. A rural property owner “transfers” her development rights to an urban developer by placing a conservation easement on her property and accepting payment from the developer, who profits from development bonuses. This payment could be declared compensation under Measure 37 and could mitigate the Measure’s potential development impacts. Title: Mitigating the impacts of Measure 37 : implementing a statewide transferable development rights program in Oregon Author: Grothaus, Mary L. Year: 2007 Nonregulatory land use planning tools can be effective for achieving statewide planning goals, but only in a regulatory context. Measure 37 makes that regulatory context problematic, with planners’ flexibility in making regulatory changes stymied. To conserve wildlife habitat after Measure 37, Oregon’s planners need to turn to these non-regulatory tools. One such tool is transferable development rights (TDRs). TDRs equitably preserve the ecosystem services of rural lands and promote efficient land use patterns. A rural property owner “transfers” her development rights to an urban developer by placing a conservation easement on her property and accepting payment from the developer, who profits from development bonuses. This payment could be declared compensation under Measure 37 and could mitigate the Measure’s potential development impacts. Close

• 39. [Article] How well do professional developers test with code coverage visualizations? : an empirical study

  Professional software developers do not test code adequately, even though testing tools are widely available. Until developers realize the deficiencies in their tests, inadequate testing of software seems ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: How well do professional developers test with code coverage visualizations? : an empirical study Author: Lawrance, Joseph A. Professional software developers do not test code adequately, even though testing tools are widely available. Until developers realize the deficiencies in their tests, inadequate testing of software seems likely to remain a major problem. To support developers writing tests, industry and researchers have proposed systems that visualize “testedness” for end-user and professional developers. Empirical studies of such systems for end-user programmers have begun to show success at helping end users write more effective tests. Encouraged by this research, we examined the effect that code coverage visualizations have on the effectiveness of test cases that professional software developers write. This paper presents the results of an empirical study conducted using code coverage visualizations found in a commercially available programming environment. Our results reveal that block coverage visualizations shaped developer behavior, but also led developers to overestimate how many faults their tests revealed. Title: How well do professional developers test with code coverage visualizations? : an empirical study Author: Lawrance, Joseph A. Professional software developers do not test code adequately, even though testing tools are widely available. Until developers realize the deficiencies in their tests, inadequate testing of software seems likely to remain a major problem. To support developers writing tests, industry and researchers have proposed systems that visualize “testedness” for end-user and professional developers. Empirical studies of such systems for end-user programmers have begun to show success at helping end users write more effective tests. Encouraged by this research, we examined the effect that code coverage visualizations have on the effectiveness of test cases that professional software developers write. This paper presents the results of an empirical study conducted using code coverage visualizations found in a commercially available programming environment. Our results reveal that block coverage visualizations shaped developer behavior, but also led developers to overestimate how many faults their tests revealed. Close

• 40. [Article] Development of Ports and its Impact on Marine Fish Production: A Critical Study of Gujarat State (India)

  Gujarat, a major maritime state, has 20 percent coastline and accounts for 10 per cent of fish production of India. Recently, the government of Gujarat has placed a special emphasis on the development ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Development of Ports and its Impact on Marine Fish Production: A Critical Study of Gujarat State (India) Author: Kulkarni, Vilas, Asthana, Anjani Gujarat, a major maritime state, has 20 percent coastline and accounts for 10 per cent of fish production of India. Recently, the government of Gujarat has placed a special emphasis on the development of ports with an objective to explore the opportunities of trade through the ports. The government plans to develop around 41 ports in the state wherein 12 are almost operational. Looking to this development many private players have shown interest in port development under Publicprivate partnership model. These developments are on the commercial lines of trade negating the living resources of sea. Moreover, this is also adversely affecting the natural habitat of fishery, resulting in depletion of production and degradation of species. In this process, the fishermen community of the state are worst affected. Based on the primary and secondary survey in and around two ports of Veraval and Porbandar the study finds that fishermen are facing difficulties to sustain the fish production and commercial species of fish for their survival. Now, they need to enter deep into the sea for fishing which has increased the cost of fishing operation. In the end, comparing the two ports the study gives suggestions for the sustainable development of ports and fisheries. Title: Development of Ports and its Impact on Marine Fish Production: A Critical Study of Gujarat State (India) Author: Kulkarni, Vilas, Asthana, Anjani Gujarat, a major maritime state, has 20 percent coastline and accounts for 10 per cent of fish production of India. Recently, the government of Gujarat has placed a special emphasis on the development of ports with an objective to explore the opportunities of trade through the ports. The government plans to develop around 41 ports in the state wherein 12 are almost operational. Looking to this development many private players have shown interest in port development under Publicprivate partnership model. These developments are on the commercial lines of trade negating the living resources of sea. Moreover, this is also adversely affecting the natural habitat of fishery, resulting in depletion of production and degradation of species. In this process, the fishermen community of the state are worst affected. Based on the primary and secondary survey in and around two ports of Veraval and Porbandar the study finds that fishermen are facing difficulties to sustain the fish production and commercial species of fish for their survival. Now, they need to enter deep into the sea for fishing which has increased the cost of fishing operation. In the end, comparing the two ports the study gives suggestions for the sustainable development of ports and fisheries. Close