Search

Search Results

• 21. [Article] The predation of mudflat burrowing shrimp by native Oregon crabs Red rock crab (Cancer productus) and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) versus an invasive crab European green crab (Carcius maenas)

  Yaquina Bay, Oregon, has been introduced to a few The invasive species in Yaquina Bay, Oregon can have a huge effect on the native species and local ecosystem. European green crab (Carcius maenas) is an ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The predation of mudflat burrowing shrimp by native Oregon crabs Red rock crab (Cancer productus) and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) versus an invasive crab European green crab (Carcius maenas) Author: Trobaugh, Sean A Yaquina Bay, Oregon, has been introduced to a few The invasive species in Yaquina Bay, Oregon can have a huge effect on the native species and local ecosystem. European green crab (Carcius maenas) is an invasive species. The European green crab can be found on the mudflats competing with the native crabs, including Red rock crab (Cancer productus) and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister), for food. Possible prey includes mudflat burrowing shrimp, the Ghost shrimp, (Neotrypaea californiensis) and the Mud shrimp, (Upogebia pugettensis). Thus study examines native crab (primarily Red rock) and European green crab predation on mudflat burrowing shrimp with controlled laboratory predation experiments: putting shrimp in sediment, then adding crab after an allotted burrowing time. My hypothesis is that Red rock is able to eat more shrimp than the European green crab because of the mobility of the Red rock claws. Both invasive and native crabs preyed upon the shrimp, however, the native crabs are doing statically significant greater (p-value =.001) at getting this food source then the invasive crab. The European green crab is not out competing the Red rock and Dungeness. Title: The predation of mudflat burrowing shrimp by native Oregon crabs Red rock crab (Cancer productus) and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) versus an invasive crab European green crab (Carcius maenas) Author: Trobaugh, Sean A Yaquina Bay, Oregon, has been introduced to a few The invasive species in Yaquina Bay, Oregon can have a huge effect on the native species and local ecosystem. European green crab (Carcius maenas) is an invasive species. The European green crab can be found on the mudflats competing with the native crabs, including Red rock crab (Cancer productus) and Dungeness crab (Cancer magister), for food. Possible prey includes mudflat burrowing shrimp, the Ghost shrimp, (Neotrypaea californiensis) and the Mud shrimp, (Upogebia pugettensis). Thus study examines native crab (primarily Red rock) and European green crab predation on mudflat burrowing shrimp with controlled laboratory predation experiments: putting shrimp in sediment, then adding crab after an allotted burrowing time. My hypothesis is that Red rock is able to eat more shrimp than the European green crab because of the mobility of the Red rock claws. Both invasive and native crabs preyed upon the shrimp, however, the native crabs are doing statically significant greater (p-value =.001) at getting this food source then the invasive crab. The European green crab is not out competing the Red rock and Dungeness. Close

• 22. [Article] Comparing Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) management techniques in upland prairie communities of the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge

  Dedicated to the preservation and promotion of many of the nation’s most threatened and endangered species, the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge is highly invested in the management of some of the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Comparing Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) management techniques in upland prairie communities of the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge Author: Ensley, Jona L. Dedicated to the preservation and promotion of many of the nation’s most threatened and endangered species, the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge is highly invested in the management of some of the last remaining upland prairies once prevalent throughout Oregon's Willamette Valley. More than a century of land fragmentation, fire suppression, and cultivation has shifted species composition and physical structure of the native prairies toward woodland ecosystems, reducing habitat quality and quantity. This transition is greatly driven by the encroachment and introduction of the non-native, woody invader Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus). This study focused on the three most common Himalayan blackberry management techniques used within the refuge's upland prairies: late summer mowing, late summer burning, and a combination of both. The goal was to analyze the efficacy of each technique in meeting the refuge objectives of controlling Himalayan blackberry populations and promoting native prairie physiognomy after one application using a complete random block design. Findings were presented to refuge managers to facilitate improved management of these fragile communities. Mowing was found to have the greatest reduction in blackberry stem and plant density and resulted in the lowest resprout density post-treatment. This treatment also met the refuge objectives of reducing woody cover and increasing graminoid cover, but did little to increase herbaceous cover when compared to the control group. Burning produced no significant increase in herbaceous cover or reduction in woody cover and provided favorable conditions for Himalayan blackberry seedling germination, contributing to a larger blackberry problem in years to come. In promoting herbaceous habitat for upland-dependent species, mowing with subsequent burning was the most successful technique. Though not as effective in reducing blackberry vigor as mowing alone, this treatment showed the most potential of the three in managing for all objectives. Title: Comparing Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus) management techniques in upland prairie communities of the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge Author: Ensley, Jona L. Dedicated to the preservation and promotion of many of the nation’s most threatened and endangered species, the W.L. Finley National Wildlife Refuge is highly invested in the management of some of the last remaining upland prairies once prevalent throughout Oregon's Willamette Valley. More than a century of land fragmentation, fire suppression, and cultivation has shifted species composition and physical structure of the native prairies toward woodland ecosystems, reducing habitat quality and quantity. This transition is greatly driven by the encroachment and introduction of the non-native, woody invader Himalayan blackberry (Rubus armeniacus). This study focused on the three most common Himalayan blackberry management techniques used within the refuge's upland prairies: late summer mowing, late summer burning, and a combination of both. The goal was to analyze the efficacy of each technique in meeting the refuge objectives of controlling Himalayan blackberry populations and promoting native prairie physiognomy after one application using a complete random block design. Findings were presented to refuge managers to facilitate improved management of these fragile communities. Mowing was found to have the greatest reduction in blackberry stem and plant density and resulted in the lowest resprout density post-treatment. This treatment also met the refuge objectives of reducing woody cover and increasing graminoid cover, but did little to increase herbaceous cover when compared to the control group. Burning produced no significant increase in herbaceous cover or reduction in woody cover and provided favorable conditions for Himalayan blackberry seedling germination, contributing to a larger blackberry problem in years to come. In promoting herbaceous habitat for upland-dependent species, mowing with subsequent burning was the most successful technique. Though not as effective in reducing blackberry vigor as mowing alone, this treatment showed the most potential of the three in managing for all objectives. Close

• 23. [Article] Economic and social impacts of restoration : a case study of the Great Basin Region

  The last five decades of research in arid land ecology cites Invasive species as a source of imbalances in biodiversity through habitat destruction and reductions of native species through ecosystem alterations ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic and social impacts of restoration : a case study of the Great Basin Region Author: Satyal, Vijayanand H. The last five decades of research in arid land ecology cites Invasive species as a source of imbalances in biodiversity through habitat destruction and reductions of native species through ecosystem alterations in favor of non-native species. Invasive species are known to damage not only the surrounding ecosystem but also cause economic and non-economic losses to society. This study focuses on economic and social impacts of controlling cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) on the public rangelands of the Great Basin region. This research seeks to examine the economic and social impacts of adopting different restoration strategies (herbicide use, fire, grazing and re-seeding of native grasses). The economic study seeks to assess the cost-effectiveness of adopting any versus none of the restoration strategies using a linear programming multi-period optimization framework. In order to understand if restoration of cheatgrass is socially acceptable and whether the spatial context influences economic decisions, a parallel social attitudinal study examines the perceptions held by ranchers, interest groups, agency personnel and informed public with regard to restoration, the ongoing collaborative project and expected costs of undertaking restoration. The bio-economic study incorporates ranch production and ecological site specific data into representative optimization models and solves to maximize net ranch income subject to market and resource constraints. The economic study found restoration to impact the ranches financially as the degree of restoration increased. Costs of restoration were lowest under baseline conditions and increased in magnitude with use of grazing, fire, herbicide and the integrated strategy respectively. Attitudinal data indicated that the meaning of restoration and social acceptability towards restoration strategies differed within and across stakeholder groups in the Great Basin states of Oregon, Idaho, Nevada and Utah. Title: Economic and social impacts of restoration : a case study of the Great Basin Region Author: Satyal, Vijayanand H. The last five decades of research in arid land ecology cites Invasive species as a source of imbalances in biodiversity through habitat destruction and reductions of native species through ecosystem alterations in favor of non-native species. Invasive species are known to damage not only the surrounding ecosystem but also cause economic and non-economic losses to society. This study focuses on economic and social impacts of controlling cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) on the public rangelands of the Great Basin region. This research seeks to examine the economic and social impacts of adopting different restoration strategies (herbicide use, fire, grazing and re-seeding of native grasses). The economic study seeks to assess the cost-effectiveness of adopting any versus none of the restoration strategies using a linear programming multi-period optimization framework. In order to understand if restoration of cheatgrass is socially acceptable and whether the spatial context influences economic decisions, a parallel social attitudinal study examines the perceptions held by ranchers, interest groups, agency personnel and informed public with regard to restoration, the ongoing collaborative project and expected costs of undertaking restoration. The bio-economic study incorporates ranch production and ecological site specific data into representative optimization models and solves to maximize net ranch income subject to market and resource constraints. The economic study found restoration to impact the ranches financially as the degree of restoration increased. Costs of restoration were lowest under baseline conditions and increased in magnitude with use of grazing, fire, herbicide and the integrated strategy respectively. Attitudinal data indicated that the meaning of restoration and social acceptability towards restoration strategies differed within and across stakeholder groups in the Great Basin states of Oregon, Idaho, Nevada and Utah. Close

• 24. [Article] Temporal Genetic Variance and Propagule-Driven Genetic Structure Characterize Naturalized Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a Patagonian Lake Impacted by Trout Farming

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Temporal Genetic Variance and Propagule-Driven Genetic Structure Characterize Naturalized Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a Patagonian Lake Impacted by Trout Farming Author: Arismendi, Ivan, Seeb, Lisa W., Seeb, James E., et al., Benavente, Javiera N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/ Title: Temporal Genetic Variance and Propagule-Driven Genetic Structure Characterize Naturalized Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from a Patagonian Lake Impacted by Trout Farming Author: Arismendi, Ivan, Seeb, Lisa W., Seeb, James E., et al., Benavente, Javiera N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/ Close

• 25. [Article] A sustainable resource development plan framework for the Neskonlith Indian Band, British Columbia

  A sustainable resource development plan framework was prepared for the Neskonlith Indian Band, who are located in the interior of British Columbia, Canada. The framework intends to address issues involving; ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A sustainable resource development plan framework for the Neskonlith Indian Band, British Columbia Author: Mackasey, J. Patrick A sustainable resource development plan framework was prepared for the Neskonlith Indian Band, who are located in the interior of British Columbia, Canada. The framework intends to address issues involving; integrated resource management, traditional native land management, ecosystem management, and community-based resource management. A soft systems (Wilson & Morren, 1990) methodology was used to work with the community and help assess the current management state and to begin the process of determining the desired future condition of their land base and how this can help build the community. However, the band was prepared only to work through the first two (out of seven) stages of the methodology. The study area used was 4259 ha in size, of which 1316 ha was reserve land. A good portion of this area is forested (52.4%), primarily with interior Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var, glauca). The study area is also represented by 13.9% open range, 8,2% cultivated land and a large lake (11 %) . Current and past resource management activities on this area include; forestry, mining, agriculture, range, recreation, and parks. The band is interested in how the land base can be managed from an integrated resource management perspective and in learning how non-consumptive uses of the forest can be further explored. This framework attempts to answer the questions and provide the band with a working Geographic Information System database and some management alternatives to examine. A Terrasoft GIS was used, which allowed for both vector and raster processing. Data layers were compiled and assembled for a variety of resource values. These data layers were analyzed using models which produced three management alternatives. These alternatives included the following emphases: economic; ecological; and balanced. The economic alternative focused solely on resource extraction. The ecological alternative focuses on protection of the environment as the main emphasis, and large parcels of land are excluded from any resource development activities. The balanced alternative offered a balance between the first two alternatives, allowing for a reasonable level of resource management activities, while protecting important ecological components across the landscape. The trade-offs expected to be encountered with each management scenario were discussed with the community and the balanced alternative was resolved as the preferred choice. This framework is expected to be used by the band to help construct a comprehensive integrated resource management plan. Recommendations are provided with the third management alternative to assist the band with integrated resource management planning. It was concluded that although the band has much information available on resource management, they still have a great deal of work left ahead of them to become fully involved in a functional, integrated resource management program. Title: A sustainable resource development plan framework for the Neskonlith Indian Band, British Columbia Author: Mackasey, J. Patrick A sustainable resource development plan framework was prepared for the Neskonlith Indian Band, who are located in the interior of British Columbia, Canada. The framework intends to address issues involving; integrated resource management, traditional native land management, ecosystem management, and community-based resource management. A soft systems (Wilson & Morren, 1990) methodology was used to work with the community and help assess the current management state and to begin the process of determining the desired future condition of their land base and how this can help build the community. However, the band was prepared only to work through the first two (out of seven) stages of the methodology. The study area used was 4259 ha in size, of which 1316 ha was reserve land. A good portion of this area is forested (52.4%), primarily with interior Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var, glauca). The study area is also represented by 13.9% open range, 8,2% cultivated land and a large lake (11 %) . Current and past resource management activities on this area include; forestry, mining, agriculture, range, recreation, and parks. The band is interested in how the land base can be managed from an integrated resource management perspective and in learning how non-consumptive uses of the forest can be further explored. This framework attempts to answer the questions and provide the band with a working Geographic Information System database and some management alternatives to examine. A Terrasoft GIS was used, which allowed for both vector and raster processing. Data layers were compiled and assembled for a variety of resource values. These data layers were analyzed using models which produced three management alternatives. These alternatives included the following emphases: economic; ecological; and balanced. The economic alternative focused solely on resource extraction. The ecological alternative focuses on protection of the environment as the main emphasis, and large parcels of land are excluded from any resource development activities. The balanced alternative offered a balance between the first two alternatives, allowing for a reasonable level of resource management activities, while protecting important ecological components across the landscape. The trade-offs expected to be encountered with each management scenario were discussed with the community and the balanced alternative was resolved as the preferred choice. This framework is expected to be used by the band to help construct a comprehensive integrated resource management plan. Recommendations are provided with the third management alternative to assist the band with integrated resource management planning. It was concluded that although the band has much information available on resource management, they still have a great deal of work left ahead of them to become fully involved in a functional, integrated resource management program. Close

• 26. [Article] Seed and establishment limitation contribute to long-term native forb declines in California grasslands

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Ecological Society of America and can be found at: http://www.esa.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seed and establishment limitation contribute to long-term native forb declines in California grasslands Author: Brandt, Angela J., Seabloom, Eric W. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Ecological Society of America and can be found at: http://www.esa.org/. Title: Seed and establishment limitation contribute to long-term native forb declines in California grasslands Author: Brandt, Angela J., Seabloom, Eric W. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Ecological Society of America and can be found at: http://www.esa.org/. Close

• 27. [Article] Germination and establishment in Willamette Valley native prairie plants

  Native plants provide many ecosystem services while also having great beauty and are a valuable component of the landscape. As use of these plants in habitat restoration, agricultural insectary plantings, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Germination and establishment in Willamette Valley native prairie plants Author: Russell, Michael C. Native plants provide many ecosystem services while also having great beauty and are a valuable component of the landscape. As use of these plants in habitat restoration, agricultural insectary plantings, and home landscapes increases so does demand for information on the basic biology of a group of species that have only been sparingly studied. Germination is one of the first major events in a plant’s life cycle and can be affected by both the physiological state of the seed and the environment the seed is in. Seeds can become dormant and may require some environmental signal for germination. I conducted a series of germination trials on a set of Willamette Valley native prairie plants to test whether cold stratification or various scarification treatments can be used to break seed dormancy. I used each species’ responses to classify the dormancy type of each species. The environmental conditions that the seed experiences also affect germination. The effect of temperature on germination was studied using a temperature gradient table. Seeds were tested to characterize species based on the temperature range at which its seeds can germinate. Germination in some species was bounded within clearly defined temperature limits, while germination in others occurred over the full range of studied temperatures. The germination data were modeled with linear regression to create standard estimates for the physiological limits of each species to allow for comparisons between the species. After seeds germinate the initial stages of establishment can have great implications on the survival of the plant. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the competitive interactions of six of the species. Plants were grown together in pots for 90 days and biomass collected. The mean competitive effect and competitive response of each species was calculated and the results were regressed against each species' values for several physiological traits that were available from the literature. The experiment found that species with higher relative growth rates had greater competitive effects on other species. The first two experiments measured physiological traits of several Oregon native species. The third demonstrated the utility of standardized traits in predicting ecological behavior. This trait based approach has great potential as a tool for comparing ecological similarities and differences across different ecosystems and different species pools. Title: Germination and establishment in Willamette Valley native prairie plants Author: Russell, Michael C. Native plants provide many ecosystem services while also having great beauty and are a valuable component of the landscape. As use of these plants in habitat restoration, agricultural insectary plantings, and home landscapes increases so does demand for information on the basic biology of a group of species that have only been sparingly studied. Germination is one of the first major events in a plant’s life cycle and can be affected by both the physiological state of the seed and the environment the seed is in. Seeds can become dormant and may require some environmental signal for germination. I conducted a series of germination trials on a set of Willamette Valley native prairie plants to test whether cold stratification or various scarification treatments can be used to break seed dormancy. I used each species’ responses to classify the dormancy type of each species. The environmental conditions that the seed experiences also affect germination. The effect of temperature on germination was studied using a temperature gradient table. Seeds were tested to characterize species based on the temperature range at which its seeds can germinate. Germination in some species was bounded within clearly defined temperature limits, while germination in others occurred over the full range of studied temperatures. The germination data were modeled with linear regression to create standard estimates for the physiological limits of each species to allow for comparisons between the species. After seeds germinate the initial stages of establishment can have great implications on the survival of the plant. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to study the competitive interactions of six of the species. Plants were grown together in pots for 90 days and biomass collected. The mean competitive effect and competitive response of each species was calculated and the results were regressed against each species' values for several physiological traits that were available from the literature. The experiment found that species with higher relative growth rates had greater competitive effects on other species. The first two experiments measured physiological traits of several Oregon native species. The third demonstrated the utility of standardized traits in predicting ecological behavior. This trait based approach has great potential as a tool for comparing ecological similarities and differences across different ecosystems and different species pools. Close

• 28. [Article] Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans

  Marine bioeroders, borers, and burrowers can have drastic effects to marine habitats and facilities. By physically altering the structure of marine habitats, these organisms may elicit ecosystem-level ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans Author: Davidson, Timothy Mathias Year: 2011 Marine bioeroders, borers, and burrowers can have drastic effects to marine habitats and facilities. By physically altering the structure of marine habitats, these organisms may elicit ecosystem-level effects that cascade through the community. While borer damage is typically restricted to a few substratum types, burrowing isopods in the genus Sphaeroma attack a diversity of substrata in tropical and temperate systems. My dissertation examined how boring sphaeromatid isopods affect coastal habitats (saltmarshes, mangroves) and other estuarine substrata as well as marine structures. I used a combination of lab and mensurative field experiments to quantify the effects of boring by isopods and examine how select factors affect the colonization, hence burrowing damage by isopods. I explored these questions primarily using the temperate boring sphaeromatid, Sphaeroma quoianum, as a model organism. My initial lab experiments quantified the per capita erosion rates of S. quoianum in four commonly attacked estuarine substrata. I found marsh banks and Styrofoam substrata were the most affected per capita. I supplemented this lab experiment with a year-long mensurative field experiment examining how erosion rates differ between marshes infested and uninfested by boring isopods. Marshes infested with isopods eroded 300% faster than uninfested marshes. I further examined the boring effects on Styrofoam floats. I compiled surveys and observations and conducted a short experiment to describe how isopods affect Styrofoam floats used in floating docks. I observed dense colonies of isopods attacking floats and expelling millions of plastic particles in the ocean. The boring effects to simulated Styrofoam floats were also affected by seawater temperature. Burrowing effects in Styrofoam floats exhibited a curvilinear relationship with temperature and peaked around 18°C. These results suggest a 1-2°C increase in water temperature could increase boring effects 5-17% of populations of isopods in Oregon and California bays. To examine the small-scale factors that mediate colonization and boring, I conducted a series of binary choice experiments. I found the presence of conspecifics, biofilm, and shade were important factors influencing colonization. These small scale factors likely explain why isopod attack is focused in some substrata. Finally, to examine the boring effects of tropical isopods in mangroves, I examined the associations between burrowing by S. terebrans and mangrove performance and fecundity. I found negative relationships between boring effects and performance and fecundity in two mangrove species in a restored mangrove stand in Taiwan. Together, these studies elucidate the effects of bioerosive isopods on saltmarshes, mangroves, and marine structures. However, the similar mechanisms involved in bioerosion in other boring species suggest that these results can be used to infer similar effects of other borers. In addition, since many species of sphaeromatid isopods have been introduced, this research shows how the effects of a non-native bioeroder can damage marine facilities and degrade and alter marine habitats. Through biological erosion and thus changing the physical structure of a marine habitat these non-native species can have ecosystem-level effects that cascade throughout the local community. Title: Biological Erosion of Marine Habitats and Structures by Burrowing Crustaceans Author: Davidson, Timothy Mathias Year: 2011 Marine bioeroders, borers, and burrowers can have drastic effects to marine habitats and facilities. By physically altering the structure of marine habitats, these organisms may elicit ecosystem-level effects that cascade through the community. While borer damage is typically restricted to a few substratum types, burrowing isopods in the genus Sphaeroma attack a diversity of substrata in tropical and temperate systems. My dissertation examined how boring sphaeromatid isopods affect coastal habitats (saltmarshes, mangroves) and other estuarine substrata as well as marine structures. I used a combination of lab and mensurative field experiments to quantify the effects of boring by isopods and examine how select factors affect the colonization, hence burrowing damage by isopods. I explored these questions primarily using the temperate boring sphaeromatid, Sphaeroma quoianum, as a model organism. My initial lab experiments quantified the per capita erosion rates of S. quoianum in four commonly attacked estuarine substrata. I found marsh banks and Styrofoam substrata were the most affected per capita. I supplemented this lab experiment with a year-long mensurative field experiment examining how erosion rates differ between marshes infested and uninfested by boring isopods. Marshes infested with isopods eroded 300% faster than uninfested marshes. I further examined the boring effects on Styrofoam floats. I compiled surveys and observations and conducted a short experiment to describe how isopods affect Styrofoam floats used in floating docks. I observed dense colonies of isopods attacking floats and expelling millions of plastic particles in the ocean. The boring effects to simulated Styrofoam floats were also affected by seawater temperature. Burrowing effects in Styrofoam floats exhibited a curvilinear relationship with temperature and peaked around 18°C. These results suggest a 1-2°C increase in water temperature could increase boring effects 5-17% of populations of isopods in Oregon and California bays. To examine the small-scale factors that mediate colonization and boring, I conducted a series of binary choice experiments. I found the presence of conspecifics, biofilm, and shade were important factors influencing colonization. These small scale factors likely explain why isopod attack is focused in some substrata. Finally, to examine the boring effects of tropical isopods in mangroves, I examined the associations between burrowing by S. terebrans and mangrove performance and fecundity. I found negative relationships between boring effects and performance and fecundity in two mangrove species in a restored mangrove stand in Taiwan. Together, these studies elucidate the effects of bioerosive isopods on saltmarshes, mangroves, and marine structures. However, the similar mechanisms involved in bioerosion in other boring species suggest that these results can be used to infer similar effects of other borers. In addition, since many species of sphaeromatid isopods have been introduced, this research shows how the effects of a non-native bioeroder can damage marine facilities and degrade and alter marine habitats. Through biological erosion and thus changing the physical structure of a marine habitat these non-native species can have ecosystem-level effects that cascade throughout the local community. Close

• 29. [Image] Recovery plan for the native fishes of the Warner Basin and Alkali Subbasin : Warner sucker (threatened) Catostomus warnerensis, Hutton tui chub (threatened) Gila bicolor ssp. Foskett speckled dace (threatened) Rhinichthys osculus ssp

  	"April 1998"--P. [4] of cover; Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-66)
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Recovery plan for the native fishes of the Warner Basin and Alkali Subbasin : Warner sucker (threatened) Catostomus warnerensis, Hutton tui chub (threatened) Gila bicolor ssp. Foskett speckled dace (threatened) Rhinichthys osculus ssp Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Oregon State Office Year: 1998, 2004 "April 1998"--P. [4] of cover; Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-66) Title: Recovery plan for the native fishes of the Warner Basin and Alkali Subbasin : Warner sucker (threatened) Catostomus warnerensis, Hutton tui chub (threatened) Gila bicolor ssp. Foskett speckled dace (threatened) Rhinichthys osculus ssp Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Oregon State Office Year: 1998, 2004 "April 1998"--P. [4] of cover; Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-66) Close

• 30. [Image] Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins

  	Abstract Quigley, Thomas M.; Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T., tech. eds. 1996. Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins Year: 1996, 2005, 2000 Abstract Quigley, Thomas M.; Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T., tech. eds. 1996. Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-382. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 303 p. (Quigley, Thomas M., tech. ed. The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment.) The Integrated Scientific Assessment for Ecosystem Management for the Interior Columbia Basin links landscape, aquatic, terrestrial, social, and economic characterizations to describe biophysical and social systems. Integration was achieved through a framework built around six goals for ecosystem management and three different views of the future. These goals are: maintain evolutionary and ecological processes; manage for multiple ecological domains and evolutionary timeframes; maintain viable populations of native and desired non-native species; encourage social and economic resiliency; manage for places with definable values; and, manage to maintain a variety of ecosystem goods, services, and conditions that society wants. Ratings of relative ecological integrity and socioeconomic resiliency were used to make broad statements about ecosystem conditions in the Basin. Currently in the Basin high integrity and resiliency are found on 16 and 20 percent of the area, respectively. Low integrity and resiliency are found on 60 and 68 percent of the area. Different approaches to management can alter the risks to the assets of people living in the Basin and to the ecosystem itself. Continuation of current management leads to increasing risks while management approaches focusing on reserves or restoration result in trends that mostly stabilize or reduce risks. Even where ecological integrity is projected to improve with the application of active management, population increases and the pressures of expanding demands on resources may cause increasing trends in risk. Keywords: Ecosystem assessment, management and goals; ecological integrity; socio-economic resiliency; risk management Title: Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins Year: 1996, 2005, 2000 Abstract Quigley, Thomas M.; Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T., tech. eds. 1996. Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-382. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 303 p. (Quigley, Thomas M., tech. ed. The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment.) The Integrated Scientific Assessment for Ecosystem Management for the Interior Columbia Basin links landscape, aquatic, terrestrial, social, and economic characterizations to describe biophysical and social systems. Integration was achieved through a framework built around six goals for ecosystem management and three different views of the future. These goals are: maintain evolutionary and ecological processes; manage for multiple ecological domains and evolutionary timeframes; maintain viable populations of native and desired non-native species; encourage social and economic resiliency; manage for places with definable values; and, manage to maintain a variety of ecosystem goods, services, and conditions that society wants. Ratings of relative ecological integrity and socioeconomic resiliency were used to make broad statements about ecosystem conditions in the Basin. Currently in the Basin high integrity and resiliency are found on 16 and 20 percent of the area, respectively. Low integrity and resiliency are found on 60 and 68 percent of the area. Different approaches to management can alter the risks to the assets of people living in the Basin and to the ecosystem itself. Continuation of current management leads to increasing risks while management approaches focusing on reserves or restoration result in trends that mostly stabilize or reduce risks. Even where ecological integrity is projected to improve with the application of active management, population increases and the pressures of expanding demands on resources may cause increasing trends in risk. Keywords: Ecosystem assessment, management and goals; ecological integrity; socio-economic resiliency; risk management Close