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• 201. [Article] Browns/Wickiup Watershed analysis and Browns/Round Mountain late-successional reserve assessment

  421 pp. Tables, maps, figures, appendices, references, glossary. The watershed is located on the southwestern edge of the Bend-Ft. Rock District, and contains approximately 56,600 acres, including 18,900 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Browns/Wickiup Watershed analysis and Browns/Round Mountain late-successional reserve assessment Author: Deschutes National Forest (Agency : U.S.) Year: 2008, 1997 421 pp. Tables, maps, figures, appendices, references, glossary. The watershed is located on the southwestern edge of the Bend-Ft. Rock District, and contains approximately 56,600 acres, including 18,900 acres of the Crescent Ranger District. Captured May 15, 2007. Title: Browns/Wickiup Watershed analysis and Browns/Round Mountain late-successional reserve assessment Author: Deschutes National Forest (Agency : U.S.) Year: 2008, 1997 421 pp. Tables, maps, figures, appendices, references, glossary. The watershed is located on the southwestern edge of the Bend-Ft. Rock District, and contains approximately 56,600 acres, including 18,900 acres of the Crescent Ranger District. Captured May 15, 2007. Close

• 202. [Article] Roads analysis report forest-wide assessment: Ochoco National Forest, Deschutes National Forest, Crooked River National Grassland

  377 pp. Tables, maps. Captured May 31, 2007.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Roads analysis report forest-wide assessment: Ochoco National Forest, Deschutes National Forest, Crooked River National Grassland Author: Ochoco National Forest (Agency : U.S.), Deschutes National Forest (Agency : U.S.) Year: 2008, 2003 377 pp. Tables, maps. Captured May 31, 2007. Title: Roads analysis report forest-wide assessment: Ochoco National Forest, Deschutes National Forest, Crooked River National Grassland Author: Ochoco National Forest (Agency : U.S.), Deschutes National Forest (Agency : U.S.) Year: 2008, 2003 377 pp. Tables, maps. Captured May 31, 2007. Close

• 203. [Article] North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River environmental assessment

  148 pp. Figures, tables, appendices, references. The 33.8-mile segment of the North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River from Soda Springs powerhouse downstream to Rock Creek is located exclusively within Douglas ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River environmental assessment Author: United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region, United States. Bureau of Land Management. Roseburg District Office, Oregon. State Parks and Recreation Dept. Year: 2008, 1992 148 pp. Figures, tables, appendices, references. The 33.8-mile segment of the North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River from Soda Springs powerhouse downstream to Rock Creek is located exclusively within Douglas County in the southwestern portion of Oregon and within the Umpqua River Drainage Basin, an area of approximately 4,580 square miles. Approximately 25.4 miles lie within the Umpqua National Forest and 8.4 miles within the Bureau of Land Management. The Umpqua River Basin is the eleventh largest drainage basin in the State of Oregon. Captured July 26, 2007. Title: North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River environmental assessment Author: United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region, United States. Bureau of Land Management. Roseburg District Office, Oregon. State Parks and Recreation Dept. Year: 2008, 1992 148 pp. Figures, tables, appendices, references. The 33.8-mile segment of the North Umpqua Wild and Scenic River from Soda Springs powerhouse downstream to Rock Creek is located exclusively within Douglas County in the southwestern portion of Oregon and within the Umpqua River Drainage Basin, an area of approximately 4,580 square miles. Approximately 25.4 miles lie within the Umpqua National Forest and 8.4 miles within the Bureau of Land Management. The Umpqua River Basin is the eleventh largest drainage basin in the State of Oregon. Captured July 26, 2007. Close

• 204. [Article] Water Governance Process Assessment : Evaluating the Link between Decision Making Processes and Outcomes in the Columbia River Basin

  Academics and practitioners agree that in water governance, the quality of a decision making process should influence the quality of the outcome and the degree to which it is accepted by interested parties. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Water Governance Process Assessment : Evaluating the Link between Decision Making Processes and Outcomes in the Columbia River Basin Author: Ogren, Kimberly Academics and practitioners agree that in water governance, the quality of a decision making process should influence the quality of the outcome and the degree to which it is accepted by interested parties. However, finding a feasible way to evaluate and then improve the quality of a decision making process has proven elusive. Systematically collecting evidence of a link between process and outcome is also challenging. In my dissertation, I developed a synthesis framework for evaluating and improving water governance decision making to address these two challenges. The synthesis framework, which I call the Water Governance Process Assessment (Water GPA), draws upon 22 existing frameworks rooted in resilience, adaptive governance, and good governance. From these frameworks, I identified and provided a way to evaluate four characteristics critical to good water governance decision making processes: 1) accountability, 2) inclusivity, and 3) information, and 4) context. I applied the Water GPA framework to the recent reviews of the Columbia River Treaty by the United States and Canada. I collected data for the case studies through semi-structured interviews and surveys of process participants from the federal agencies, Tribal and First Nations, state/provincial governments, local governments, stakeholder interests, and citizens. I coded and analyzed the interviews using the qualitative analysis software QSR NVivo and the characteristics identified in the Water GPA framework. I used the two case study applications to demonstrate how to use the framework. I identified what aspects of the four process categories served as barriers and building blocks for good water governance in each water governance process. I also gleaned lessons learned and recommendations including some for determining process leadership, ensuring meaningful engagement and inclusivity, addressing sovereignty issues, setting decision criteria, sharing decision authority, allocating resources in future processes in the US and BC portions of the Columbia River Basin and similar basins. In my case studies, I also investigated which characteristics of the water governance decision making process influenced the direct outcomes of those processes (the decisions) as well as other non-target outcomes (such as trust, co-produced science, new coalitions, etc.). All four characteristics outlined in the Water Governance Process Assessment (Water GPA), played some role in the development of the content and/or support of the two case study decision documents (US Regional Recommendation and BC Provincial Decision). Generally, when the characteristic of the process was done well, it improved the legitimacy and acceptance of the decision. At the same time performing poorly in one area did not necessarily torpedo the process or decision. In both case studies, it appears that the interplay between the process characteristics (that is where two or more characteristics converge) had a greater influence over the decision. Further work is needed to clearly identify what characteristics of a process are most influential in different situations. The Water GPA is one useful tool for this effort. Title: Water Governance Process Assessment : Evaluating the Link between Decision Making Processes and Outcomes in the Columbia River Basin Author: Ogren, Kimberly Academics and practitioners agree that in water governance, the quality of a decision making process should influence the quality of the outcome and the degree to which it is accepted by interested parties. However, finding a feasible way to evaluate and then improve the quality of a decision making process has proven elusive. Systematically collecting evidence of a link between process and outcome is also challenging. In my dissertation, I developed a synthesis framework for evaluating and improving water governance decision making to address these two challenges. The synthesis framework, which I call the Water Governance Process Assessment (Water GPA), draws upon 22 existing frameworks rooted in resilience, adaptive governance, and good governance. From these frameworks, I identified and provided a way to evaluate four characteristics critical to good water governance decision making processes: 1) accountability, 2) inclusivity, and 3) information, and 4) context. I applied the Water GPA framework to the recent reviews of the Columbia River Treaty by the United States and Canada. I collected data for the case studies through semi-structured interviews and surveys of process participants from the federal agencies, Tribal and First Nations, state/provincial governments, local governments, stakeholder interests, and citizens. I coded and analyzed the interviews using the qualitative analysis software QSR NVivo and the characteristics identified in the Water GPA framework. I used the two case study applications to demonstrate how to use the framework. I identified what aspects of the four process categories served as barriers and building blocks for good water governance in each water governance process. I also gleaned lessons learned and recommendations including some for determining process leadership, ensuring meaningful engagement and inclusivity, addressing sovereignty issues, setting decision criteria, sharing decision authority, allocating resources in future processes in the US and BC portions of the Columbia River Basin and similar basins. In my case studies, I also investigated which characteristics of the water governance decision making process influenced the direct outcomes of those processes (the decisions) as well as other non-target outcomes (such as trust, co-produced science, new coalitions, etc.). All four characteristics outlined in the Water Governance Process Assessment (Water GPA), played some role in the development of the content and/or support of the two case study decision documents (US Regional Recommendation and BC Provincial Decision). Generally, when the characteristic of the process was done well, it improved the legitimacy and acceptance of the decision. At the same time performing poorly in one area did not necessarily torpedo the process or decision. In both case studies, it appears that the interplay between the process characteristics (that is where two or more characteristics converge) had a greater influence over the decision. Further work is needed to clearly identify what characteristics of a process are most influential in different situations. The Water GPA is one useful tool for this effort. Close

• 205. [Article] Trask Watershed assessment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trask Watershed assessment Author: Follansbee, Bruce Title: Trask Watershed assessment Author: Follansbee, Bruce Close

• 206. [Article] Quality of shallow ground water in alluvial aquifers of the Willamette Basin, Oregon, 1993-95

  The purposes of this report are to describe the quality of shallow ground water in alluvial aquifers of the Willamette Basin and to identify relationships between shallow ground-water quality and various ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Quality of shallow ground water in alluvial aquifers of the Willamette Basin, Oregon, 1993-95 Author: National Water-Quality Assessment Program (U.S.), Geological Survey (U.S.), Hinkle, Stephen R. The purposes of this report are to describe the quality of shallow ground water in alluvial aquifers of the Willamette Basin and to identify relationships between shallow ground-water quality and various natural and anthropogenic factors. Several natural and anthropogenic factors (soil characteristics, cumulative thickness of clay above open interval of well, surficial geology, and land use) were evaluated because of the potential for these factors to either control or be related to contaminant occurrence and spatial distribution. Spatial distributions of nitrite plus nitrite, phosphorous, pesticides and pesticide degradation products, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), trace elements (primarily arsenic, a trace element of local concern), and radon were evaluated for 1993-95. Ancillary chemical data--nitrite, chloride, tritium (H-3), and dissolved-oxygen (DO) concentrations--also are presented. Title: Quality of shallow ground water in alluvial aquifers of the Willamette Basin, Oregon, 1993-95 Author: National Water-Quality Assessment Program (U.S.), Geological Survey (U.S.), Hinkle, Stephen R. The purposes of this report are to describe the quality of shallow ground water in alluvial aquifers of the Willamette Basin and to identify relationships between shallow ground-water quality and various natural and anthropogenic factors. Several natural and anthropogenic factors (soil characteristics, cumulative thickness of clay above open interval of well, surficial geology, and land use) were evaluated because of the potential for these factors to either control or be related to contaminant occurrence and spatial distribution. Spatial distributions of nitrite plus nitrite, phosphorous, pesticides and pesticide degradation products, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), trace elements (primarily arsenic, a trace element of local concern), and radon were evaluated for 1993-95. Ancillary chemical data--nitrite, chloride, tritium (H-3), and dissolved-oxygen (DO) concentrations--also are presented. Close

• 207. [Article] Kilchis watershed analysis

  This analysis was performed for two reasons: 1) the KWG needed a way to focus and synthesize the results of applied research on the condition and trends of natural resources, and the factors affecting ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Kilchis watershed analysis Author: Follansbee, Bruce, Stark, Ann This analysis was performed for two reasons: 1) the KWG needed a way to focus and synthesize the results of applied research on the condition and trends of natural resources, and the factors affecting those resources; and 2) a detailed watershed analysis was needed to supplement watershed assessments planned for the region. Title: Kilchis watershed analysis Author: Follansbee, Bruce, Stark, Ann This analysis was performed for two reasons: 1) the KWG needed a way to focus and synthesize the results of applied research on the condition and trends of natural resources, and the factors affecting those resources; and 2) a detailed watershed analysis was needed to supplement watershed assessments planned for the region. Close

• 208. [Article] Summary of information on aquatic biota and their habitats in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, through 1995

  This report reviews and summarizes available information on aquatic biological communities in the Willamette Basin through 1995. Specifically, the report describes (1) the distribution, abndance, and trends ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summary of information on aquatic biota and their habitats in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, through 1995 Author: National Water-Quality Assessment Program (U.S.), Altman, Bob, Henson, Colleen M., Waite, Ian R., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Geological Survey (U.S.) This report reviews and summarizes available information on aquatic biological communities in the Willamette Basin through 1995. Specifically, the report describes (1) the distribution, abndance, and trends of three taxonomic groups--algae, macroinvertebrates, and fish--and, to a lesser degree, other selected semi-aquatic taxa (i.e., taxa frequenting but not living wholly in water), including amphibians and reptiles, birds, and mammals, (2) the types of aquatic and riparian habitat that support and influence aquatic communities and their biotic constituents, (3) the natural and human-associated impacts on that habitat and associated biological communities, amd (4) the levels of enviroinmental contaminants to which biological communities and specific biota are exposed. The information in this report is intended to aid in the identification of data gaps relative to taxa and geographic areas, and to stimulate collaboration and increase coordination in present and future ecological research in the Willamette Basin. Title: Summary of information on aquatic biota and their habitats in the Willamette Basin, Oregon, through 1995 Author: National Water-Quality Assessment Program (U.S.), Altman, Bob, Henson, Colleen M., Waite, Ian R., U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Geological Survey (U.S.) This report reviews and summarizes available information on aquatic biological communities in the Willamette Basin through 1995. Specifically, the report describes (1) the distribution, abndance, and trends of three taxonomic groups--algae, macroinvertebrates, and fish--and, to a lesser degree, other selected semi-aquatic taxa (i.e., taxa frequenting but not living wholly in water), including amphibians and reptiles, birds, and mammals, (2) the types of aquatic and riparian habitat that support and influence aquatic communities and their biotic constituents, (3) the natural and human-associated impacts on that habitat and associated biological communities, amd (4) the levels of enviroinmental contaminants to which biological communities and specific biota are exposed. The information in this report is intended to aid in the identification of data gaps relative to taxa and geographic areas, and to stimulate collaboration and increase coordination in present and future ecological research in the Willamette Basin. Close

• 209. [Article] What Lies Below: Options to Improve Sustainable Management of U.S./Mexico TransboundaryAquifers

  Globally, as surface water quality and quantity diminishes there is increasing reliance on groundwater to buffer water demands of growing populations. Today in many arid regions around the world aquifer ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: What Lies Below: Options to Improve Sustainable Management of U.S./Mexico TransboundaryAquifers Author: Welch, Christina, N. Globally, as surface water quality and quantity diminishes there is increasing reliance on groundwater to buffer water demands of growing populations. Today in many arid regions around the world aquifer pumping rates far exceed recharge rates. Often the groundwater is nonrenewable, or thousands of years old. Despite the known hydrologic connection between surface and groundwater, existing institutions and laws governing surface water are poorly equipped to manage groundwater. While there are more than 600 international treaties governing surface water, only one treaty worldwide explicitly addresses groundwater allocation. Like many other regions of the world, the treaties covering the Paseo del Norte region shared between Mexico and the United States allocate the quantity and timing of surface water deliveries, yet fail to regulate groundwater abstraction. The three transboundary aquifers shared by two countries and three states (New Mexico/U.S., Texas/U.S., and Chihuahua/MX) within Paseo del Norte study area present an ideal microcosm to closer examine water management institutions across the local, state, national, and international scales. This research assesses the United States and Mexico’s institutional capacity to manage groundwater across each scale. The problem is imminent since the Hueco Bolson transboundary aquifer is the primary source of drinking water for nearly 2 million people and the fresh water is predicted to be completely depleted between 2020-2050. The ultimate objective is to identify which future legal, scientific and economic options can best contribute to more sustainable management of transboundary aquifers without compromising water security in both countries. This research proposes three major paths to move forward: the first step is to increase public awareness of the aquifer exploitation problem; second, for water managers to accurately plan for future water demands there should be a binational groundwater model built by scientists on both sides of the border; third, an international treaty or regional joint agreement is necessary to legally support groundwater management efforts. Title: What Lies Below: Options to Improve Sustainable Management of U.S./Mexico TransboundaryAquifers Author: Welch, Christina, N. Globally, as surface water quality and quantity diminishes there is increasing reliance on groundwater to buffer water demands of growing populations. Today in many arid regions around the world aquifer pumping rates far exceed recharge rates. Often the groundwater is nonrenewable, or thousands of years old. Despite the known hydrologic connection between surface and groundwater, existing institutions and laws governing surface water are poorly equipped to manage groundwater. While there are more than 600 international treaties governing surface water, only one treaty worldwide explicitly addresses groundwater allocation. Like many other regions of the world, the treaties covering the Paseo del Norte region shared between Mexico and the United States allocate the quantity and timing of surface water deliveries, yet fail to regulate groundwater abstraction. The three transboundary aquifers shared by two countries and three states (New Mexico/U.S., Texas/U.S., and Chihuahua/MX) within Paseo del Norte study area present an ideal microcosm to closer examine water management institutions across the local, state, national, and international scales. This research assesses the United States and Mexico’s institutional capacity to manage groundwater across each scale. The problem is imminent since the Hueco Bolson transboundary aquifer is the primary source of drinking water for nearly 2 million people and the fresh water is predicted to be completely depleted between 2020-2050. The ultimate objective is to identify which future legal, scientific and economic options can best contribute to more sustainable management of transboundary aquifers without compromising water security in both countries. This research proposes three major paths to move forward: the first step is to increase public awareness of the aquifer exploitation problem; second, for water managers to accurately plan for future water demands there should be a binational groundwater model built by scientists on both sides of the border; third, an international treaty or regional joint agreement is necessary to legally support groundwater management efforts. Close

• 210. [Article] Radiometric Calibration of EAARL‐B Bathymetric Lidar Data.

  The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar ‐ B (EAARL‐B), which was built and deployed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014, is a novel topographic‐bathymetric lidar system. While retaining ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Radiometric Calibration of EAARL‐B Bathymetric Lidar Data. Author: Wilson, Nicholas C. The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar ‐ B (EAARL‐B), which was built and deployed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014, is a novel topographic‐bathymetric lidar system. While retaining a number of features that were pioneered in the original National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) EAARL system (e.g., low energy, short pulse width, narrow receiver field of view, green‐only laser wavelength), the EAARL‐B added a split‐beam, four‐channel design to improve bathymetric data density and depth measurement range (up to 44 m in clear water). In 2014, the EAARL‐B was used to acquire bathymetric data in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), in support of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA) Biogeography Branch. The enhanced capabilities of the EAARL‐B system, combined with updated algorithms in the processing software, provided high‐quality data covering over 600 km2 in the USVI, filling critical data gaps. However, the EAARL‐B processing software and workflows were lacking a set of tools and procedures to exploit return waveforms (digitized samples of the backscattered signal) for generating seafloor reflectance mosaics and characterizing seafloor composition. This functionality is of significant interest to CCMA to support benthic habitat mapping and management of coral reef ecosystems. While seafloor reflectance mapping and waveform feature extraction tools do exist, in varying degrees and forms, for other bathymetric lidar systems, the extension of these capabilities to the EAARL‐B is challenging, due to the system’s unique design. The goal of this study was to address this need, through development and testing of a new set of processing procedures and algorithms for generating seafloor relative reflectance mosaics and gridded waveform features from EAARL‐B data. The procedures were developed using data from two test sites: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, and Buck Island, north of Saint Croix. After testing and refining the methods, a seafloor relative reflectance mosaic was generated for a large site south of Saint Thomas. Additionally, raster grids of waveform shape features were produced for a smaller study site encompassing Flat Cays, south of Charlotte Amalie, Saint Thomas. The procedures have been demonstrated to enable generation of seamless seafloor data products, in which the effects of confounding variables, such as depth, incidence angle, and flight direction, have been virtually eliminated. Current research, led by project partners at NOAA CCMA and the University of New Hampshire, is focusing on using the results of this work to predict species richness, canopy cover, complexity, and coral health (including disease and bleaching) and other parameters for the USVI project sites. Title: Radiometric Calibration of EAARL‐B Bathymetric Lidar Data. Author: Wilson, Nicholas C. The Experimental Advanced Airborne Research Lidar ‐ B (EAARL‐B), which was built and deployed by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in 2014, is a novel topographic‐bathymetric lidar system. While retaining a number of features that were pioneered in the original National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) EAARL system (e.g., low energy, short pulse width, narrow receiver field of view, green‐only laser wavelength), the EAARL‐B added a split‐beam, four‐channel design to improve bathymetric data density and depth measurement range (up to 44 m in clear water). In 2014, the EAARL‐B was used to acquire bathymetric data in the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), in support of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA) Biogeography Branch. The enhanced capabilities of the EAARL‐B system, combined with updated algorithms in the processing software, provided high‐quality data covering over 600 km2 in the USVI, filling critical data gaps. However, the EAARL‐B processing software and workflows were lacking a set of tools and procedures to exploit return waveforms (digitized samples of the backscattered signal) for generating seafloor reflectance mosaics and characterizing seafloor composition. This functionality is of significant interest to CCMA to support benthic habitat mapping and management of coral reef ecosystems. While seafloor reflectance mapping and waveform feature extraction tools do exist, in varying degrees and forms, for other bathymetric lidar systems, the extension of these capabilities to the EAARL‐B is challenging, due to the system’s unique design. The goal of this study was to address this need, through development and testing of a new set of processing procedures and algorithms for generating seafloor relative reflectance mosaics and gridded waveform features from EAARL‐B data. The procedures were developed using data from two test sites: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, and Buck Island, north of Saint Croix. After testing and refining the methods, a seafloor relative reflectance mosaic was generated for a large site south of Saint Thomas. Additionally, raster grids of waveform shape features were produced for a smaller study site encompassing Flat Cays, south of Charlotte Amalie, Saint Thomas. The procedures have been demonstrated to enable generation of seamless seafloor data products, in which the effects of confounding variables, such as depth, incidence angle, and flight direction, have been virtually eliminated. Current research, led by project partners at NOAA CCMA and the University of New Hampshire, is focusing on using the results of this work to predict species richness, canopy cover, complexity, and coral health (including disease and bleaching) and other parameters for the USVI project sites. Close