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• 11. [Article] Episodic dynamics of microbial communities associated with the birth and death of ectomycorrhizal mats in old-growth Douglas-fir stands

  Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi of the genera Piloderma and Ramaria form dense hyphal mats in the organic and upper mineral soil layers, respectively, in coniferous forest floors of the Pacific Northwest. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Episodic dynamics of microbial communities associated with the birth and death of ectomycorrhizal mats in old-growth Douglas-fir stands Author: Blanchard, Joseph H. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi of the genera Piloderma and Ramaria form dense hyphal mats in the organic and upper mineral soil layers, respectively, in coniferous forest floors of the Pacific Northwest. Previous studies have determined that fungal mats change the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil within. Little information exists on the dynamics of development and decline of Piloderma and Ramaria mats, and the type of fungal and bacterial communities that are associated with the mats. To address these topics, a reciprocal soil core experiment was installed in Piloderma and Ramaria mats found in old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stands in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest located in the Oregon Cascade Mountains. Samples from each mat type were severed from the host tree and transplanted in closed PVC cores, preventing new root and mat growth, to adjacent non-mat soil. In contrast, non-mat soil cores were transplanted into mats in open mesh netting, allowing tree root and mat development to occur. Cores were sampled at 10, 16, and 24 months after establishment, and changes in mat development and fungal and bacterial communities were monitored by measuring the number of ECM colonized root tips, fungal mat DNA fragment indicator species, and fungal and bacterial community composition with Terminal Restriction Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) and Length Heterogeneity PCR (LH-PCR) of ITS and 16S rDNA. DNA fragments representing mat-forming indicator species were detected in the development of Piloderma mats starting at 16 and continuing through 24 months post establishment. Both Piloderma and Ramaria mat fungal communities changed rapidly in cores that had been severed from the host but mat-associated fungal communities had not developed even two years post intimate contact by non-mat soil cores with mats. The richness of fungal and bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTU) in the Piloderma mats increased when they were severed from the host, but decreased when Ramaria fungal mats were severed from their host. Further study is required to determine the length of time required to develop mat-associated microbial communities from non-mat soil, as well as the identity and function of fungi and bacteria responsible for community changes. Title: Episodic dynamics of microbial communities associated with the birth and death of ectomycorrhizal mats in old-growth Douglas-fir stands Author: Blanchard, Joseph H. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi of the genera Piloderma and Ramaria form dense hyphal mats in the organic and upper mineral soil layers, respectively, in coniferous forest floors of the Pacific Northwest. Previous studies have determined that fungal mats change the chemical, physical, and biological properties of the soil within. Little information exists on the dynamics of development and decline of Piloderma and Ramaria mats, and the type of fungal and bacterial communities that are associated with the mats. To address these topics, a reciprocal soil core experiment was installed in Piloderma and Ramaria mats found in old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) stands in the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest located in the Oregon Cascade Mountains. Samples from each mat type were severed from the host tree and transplanted in closed PVC cores, preventing new root and mat growth, to adjacent non-mat soil. In contrast, non-mat soil cores were transplanted into mats in open mesh netting, allowing tree root and mat development to occur. Cores were sampled at 10, 16, and 24 months after establishment, and changes in mat development and fungal and bacterial communities were monitored by measuring the number of ECM colonized root tips, fungal mat DNA fragment indicator species, and fungal and bacterial community composition with Terminal Restriction Length Polymorphism (T-RFLP) and Length Heterogeneity PCR (LH-PCR) of ITS and 16S rDNA. DNA fragments representing mat-forming indicator species were detected in the development of Piloderma mats starting at 16 and continuing through 24 months post establishment. Both Piloderma and Ramaria mat fungal communities changed rapidly in cores that had been severed from the host but mat-associated fungal communities had not developed even two years post intimate contact by non-mat soil cores with mats. The richness of fungal and bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTU) in the Piloderma mats increased when they were severed from the host, but decreased when Ramaria fungal mats were severed from their host. Further study is required to determine the length of time required to develop mat-associated microbial communities from non-mat soil, as well as the identity and function of fungi and bacteria responsible for community changes. Close

• 12. [Article] Consumer's Knowledge and Preferences About Fish Farmed Species

  Based on the evoked set analysis, a group of factors driving knowledge and preferences about fish farmed species are investigated with three different samples. Samples were collected in Spain, into a nationwide study ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Consumer's Knowledge and Preferences About Fish Farmed Species Author: Llorente, Ignacio, Fernández-Polanco, José, Luna, Ladislao Based on the evoked set analysis, a group of factors driving knowledge and preferences about fish farmed species are investigated with three different samples. Samples were collected in Spain, into a nationwide study about knowledge and assessments about aquaculture, funded by the General Secretary of Marine Fisheries of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. An average 2,500 different consumers were interviewed each year in the period from 2005 and 2007. Respondents had to answer to two open questions indicating fish species that are being cultured and which of them they do consume. The evoked set was formed with the most repeated species reported by consumers. The factors are classified into demographic and consumption habits. Their influence on the occurrences of cultured species into an evoked set is tested using binary logistic regression models. Four equations, corresponding to the main fish-farmed species in Spain, are fitted with every sample for both known and consumed species. Results indicate that the occurrence of one species into the evoked set is related with education level, place of consumption, perceptions and consumption of other farmed species. Title: Consumer's Knowledge and Preferences About Fish Farmed Species Author: Llorente, Ignacio, Fernández-Polanco, José, Luna, Ladislao Based on the evoked set analysis, a group of factors driving knowledge and preferences about fish farmed species are investigated with three different samples. Samples were collected in Spain, into a nationwide study about knowledge and assessments about aquaculture, funded by the General Secretary of Marine Fisheries of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. An average 2,500 different consumers were interviewed each year in the period from 2005 and 2007. Respondents had to answer to two open questions indicating fish species that are being cultured and which of them they do consume. The evoked set was formed with the most repeated species reported by consumers. The factors are classified into demographic and consumption habits. Their influence on the occurrences of cultured species into an evoked set is tested using binary logistic regression models. Four equations, corresponding to the main fish-farmed species in Spain, are fitted with every sample for both known and consumed species. Results indicate that the occurrence of one species into the evoked set is related with education level, place of consumption, perceptions and consumption of other farmed species. Close

• 13. [Article] Biodiversity in managed forests of western Oregon : species assemblages in leave islands, thinned, and unthinned forests

  Both leave islands, or green tree retention clusters, and thinning prescriptions have been proposed as alternative silvicultural strategies designed to sustain the structural and biological diversity of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Biodiversity in managed forests of western Oregon : species assemblages in leave islands, thinned, and unthinned forests Author: Wessell, Stephanie J. Both leave islands, or green tree retention clusters, and thinning prescriptions have been proposed as alternative silvicultural strategies designed to sustain the structural and biological diversity of managed forests. However, the relationship of the physical structure of leave islands and thinned forests to their associated microclimates, flora, and fauna remain largely unknown. We evaluated habitat and biota after forest thinning from 600 to 200 trees per hectare with three sizes of leave islands. Specifically, we used analysis of variance, species occupancy pattern assessments, and community analysis methods to examine differences in habitat and vascular plant, arthropod, amphibian, and mollusk abundance and diversity with respect to thinning and leave island size in four western Oregon managed forest stands. We found multiple treatment effects of thinning and leave island size relative to microclimate and vascular plant diversity and ground cover. The microclimate and vascular plant species composition differed between thinned and unthinned forest while conditions within leave islands approximated conditions in unthinned forest. Proportions of exotic and early-successional species and species ground cover were higher in thinned forest than unthinned forest and higher in small leave islands than larger leave islands. Treatment effects on arthropod, amphibian, and mollusk density were mixed. Of 118 parameters analyzed, negative effects of thinning on faunal species were detected for five arthropod species, low-mobility arthropod captures, one salamander species, one salamander family (Plethodontidae), amphibian species richness, and one mollusk species. Of 83 parameters assessed, positive effects of leave island size were found for arthropod species richness, overall density, density within six functional group measures, and for six species groups. Treatment effects of leave island size were mixed for amphibians and mollusks with positive effects of leave island size for overall mollusk density, snail density, and density within three mollusk species groups. Indicator species analyses identified seven vascular plant and two arthropod species indicative of thinned forest, 0.2 ha and 0.4 ha leave islands. Assessments of species occupancy patterns revealed insights regarding the potential utility of managing the forest matrix for habitat heterogeneity. For example, 71(19%) taxa occurred only in leave islands and 139 (37%) taxa occurred only in leave islands and unthinned forest. These patterns may indicate occurrences of rare species and do not necessarily indicate associations with these unthinned forest types. Community analyses highlighted the importance of addressing multiple spatial scales in forest management prescriptions by identifying distinct biotic assemblages occurring at forest type, study site, and mountain range scales. Our results suggest that leave islands may provide refugia for some low-mobility, ecologically sensitive species in managed forests of the Pacific Northwest. Title: Biodiversity in managed forests of western Oregon : species assemblages in leave islands, thinned, and unthinned forests Author: Wessell, Stephanie J. Both leave islands, or green tree retention clusters, and thinning prescriptions have been proposed as alternative silvicultural strategies designed to sustain the structural and biological diversity of managed forests. However, the relationship of the physical structure of leave islands and thinned forests to their associated microclimates, flora, and fauna remain largely unknown. We evaluated habitat and biota after forest thinning from 600 to 200 trees per hectare with three sizes of leave islands. Specifically, we used analysis of variance, species occupancy pattern assessments, and community analysis methods to examine differences in habitat and vascular plant, arthropod, amphibian, and mollusk abundance and diversity with respect to thinning and leave island size in four western Oregon managed forest stands. We found multiple treatment effects of thinning and leave island size relative to microclimate and vascular plant diversity and ground cover. The microclimate and vascular plant species composition differed between thinned and unthinned forest while conditions within leave islands approximated conditions in unthinned forest. Proportions of exotic and early-successional species and species ground cover were higher in thinned forest than unthinned forest and higher in small leave islands than larger leave islands. Treatment effects on arthropod, amphibian, and mollusk density were mixed. Of 118 parameters analyzed, negative effects of thinning on faunal species were detected for five arthropod species, low-mobility arthropod captures, one salamander species, one salamander family (Plethodontidae), amphibian species richness, and one mollusk species. Of 83 parameters assessed, positive effects of leave island size were found for arthropod species richness, overall density, density within six functional group measures, and for six species groups. Treatment effects of leave island size were mixed for amphibians and mollusks with positive effects of leave island size for overall mollusk density, snail density, and density within three mollusk species groups. Indicator species analyses identified seven vascular plant and two arthropod species indicative of thinned forest, 0.2 ha and 0.4 ha leave islands. Assessments of species occupancy patterns revealed insights regarding the potential utility of managing the forest matrix for habitat heterogeneity. For example, 71(19%) taxa occurred only in leave islands and 139 (37%) taxa occurred only in leave islands and unthinned forest. These patterns may indicate occurrences of rare species and do not necessarily indicate associations with these unthinned forest types. Community analyses highlighted the importance of addressing multiple spatial scales in forest management prescriptions by identifying distinct biotic assemblages occurring at forest type, study site, and mountain range scales. Our results suggest that leave islands may provide refugia for some low-mobility, ecologically sensitive species in managed forests of the Pacific Northwest. Close

• 14. [Article] Forest associations and secondary plant succession in the southern Oregon coastal range

  Forest associations, secondary succession, and relationships of plant communities to Roosevelt elk were investigated. Stratification of vegetation into ecological units and an understanding of secondary succession ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forest associations and secondary plant succession in the southern Oregon coastal range Author: Bailey, Arthur Wesley, 1938- Forest associations, secondary succession, and relationships of plant communities to Roosevelt elk were investigated. Stratification of vegetation into ecological units and an understanding of secondary succession by habitat-type were a necessary first step in investigations into browsing of conifers by elk. The study was jointly conducted by the Oregon State Game Commission and the Weyerhaeuser Company. Vegetation, soils, and physiography were studied together. Vegetation cover data, recorded in thirty-two, 275 to 500-year-old forest stands, formed the basis of a synecological classification. Lightspots are a natural component of these forests. The dense forest and a lightspot were separately sampled in each stand. Light-spot cover data were analyzed separately in an association table. Lightspot data were compared with dense forest data to check validity of the phytosociological classification. This approach increased phytosociological understanding of these forests. The climax dominant tree and shrub and herb layer species with highest cover are used in naming the following associations (in order of increasing xerism): Thuja/Adiantum-Athyrium Tsuga/Polystichum/Oxalis Tsuga/Acer/Berberis Tsuga-Pseudotsuga/Rhododendron/Berberis Pseudotsuga/Holodiscus/Gaultheria. The exceptions are Adiantum pedatum and Athyrium filix-femina, high constancy, low cover, indicator species, used in naming the Thuja/Adiantum-Athyrium association. Polystichum munitum and Oxalis oregana dominate the herb layer of this association. Associations will be referred to in the abstract by a two-part name. The Adiantum-Athyrium association has the following additional indicator species: Blechnum spicant and Marah oreganus. Stands usually occur near the bottoms of lower elevation canyons. The moist, stony, Slickrock soil series underlies most stands. The Polystichum/Oxalis association is the most widespread and variable community studied. Tiarella trifoliata has high indicator value for this association. The presence of any one of Stellaria crispa, Montia sibirica, Dicentra formosa or Athyrium filix-femina in lightspots effectively differentiates stands of this association from related ones of the Acer/Berberis association. Stands frequently occur on lower and middle slopes and are usually underlain by the Matson or Apt soil series. In the Acer/Berberis association, Acer circinatum has high cover only in lightspots. Most stands are found on the Millicoma or Matson soil series. Stands occur on lower and middle slopes. Stands of the Rhododendron/Berberis association usually occur on south-facing, upper slopes and ridgetops where high winds frequently cause blowdown. The resultant large openings allow regeneration of Pseudotsuga menziesii. Rhododendron macrophyllum has low cover in the dense forest but high cover in lightspots. Allotropa virgata, a low constancy (saprophyte), has high fidelity to the association. The Millicoma, Matson or Ivers soil series underlie most stands. The Holodiscus/Gaultheria association has the following high fidelity species: Philadelphus lewisii, Symphoricarpos mollis, Madia gracilis, Hierochloe occidentalis, Ligusticum apiifolium, and Lonicera hispidula. This is the only association studied in which the lightspot phenomenon was not important. With the exception of Pseudotsuga menziesii regeneration, understory vegetation did not increase in cover when the tree canopy was removed. Stands usually occur on south-facing, upper slopes and ridgetops. The Digger or Agony soil series are associated with most stands. The successional influence of soil-surface disturbance caused by logging was studied in 1 to 15-year-old stands of the Polystichum/Oxalis and Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-types. In the Polystichum/Oxalis habitat-type, the vegetative dominants by years since logging are: Senecio sylvaticus--first year; Deschampsia elongata--years 2 to 4; Aira caryophyllea, Rubus ursinus, Hypochaeris radicata and Crepis capillaris share dominance--years 5 to 9; Hypochaeris radicata and Pteridium aquilinum share dominance--years 10 to 15. Pseudotsuga menziesii increased to 16 percent cover in the 10 to 15-year period. Disturbed areas of the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type have more than 65 percent bare ground for two years after logging. The vegetation dominants by years are: Deschampsia elongata--years 3 to 4; Hypochaeris radicata and Rubus ursinus--years 5 to 7; and Pseudotsuga menziesii--years 8 to 15. Other high cover species in the 8 to 15-year period are Thermopsis montana, Rubus ursinus, and Pteridium aquilinum. Selected stages in secondary succession were studied from one year after logging to climax in the two most important habitat-types. In the Polystichum/Oxalis habitat-type, Pseudotsuga menziesii is the seral tree dominant but is replaced by Tsuga heterophylla in climax. The tall shrub Acer circinatum has high cover in those serai stages with a comparatively open tree canopy. The herb layer is dominated throughout secondary succession by Polystichum munitum and Oxalis oregana. The tree layer of serai stands of the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type is dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii. Either Tsuga heterophylla or Pseudotsuga menziesii dominate near-climax stands. The shrub layer dominant is Rhododendron macrophyllum throughout secondary succession. It has low cover in the dense forest but high cover in lightspots of near-climax stands. Berberis nervosa has nearly constant coverage throughout secondary succession in the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type and is the herb layer dominant in near-climax stands. Herb layer dominants in early serai stages are: Senecio sylvaticus--year 1; Erechtites prenanthoides--year 2; Rubus ursinus and Gaultheria shallon--years 4-15. Classification and recognition of habitat-types are possible throughout secondary succession from logging to climax on the basis of the same indicator species. The dominance level of some species changes with seral stage, but the change is predictable. Preferred elk food is about twice as abundant in the Polystichum/Oxalis as the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type. Nutritious, preferred elk food is most available in the 4 to 9-year period of secondary succession. Present logging methods which leave a mosaic of intermingled disturbed and undisturbed areas create a habitat beneficial to elk. The animals forage on disturbed areas for preferred invader species and on adjacent undisturbed areas for forest remnant species. Title: Forest associations and secondary plant succession in the southern Oregon coastal range Author: Bailey, Arthur Wesley, 1938- Forest associations, secondary succession, and relationships of plant communities to Roosevelt elk were investigated. Stratification of vegetation into ecological units and an understanding of secondary succession by habitat-type were a necessary first step in investigations into browsing of conifers by elk. The study was jointly conducted by the Oregon State Game Commission and the Weyerhaeuser Company. Vegetation, soils, and physiography were studied together. Vegetation cover data, recorded in thirty-two, 275 to 500-year-old forest stands, formed the basis of a synecological classification. Lightspots are a natural component of these forests. The dense forest and a lightspot were separately sampled in each stand. Light-spot cover data were analyzed separately in an association table. Lightspot data were compared with dense forest data to check validity of the phytosociological classification. This approach increased phytosociological understanding of these forests. The climax dominant tree and shrub and herb layer species with highest cover are used in naming the following associations (in order of increasing xerism): Thuja/Adiantum-Athyrium Tsuga/Polystichum/Oxalis Tsuga/Acer/Berberis Tsuga-Pseudotsuga/Rhododendron/Berberis Pseudotsuga/Holodiscus/Gaultheria. The exceptions are Adiantum pedatum and Athyrium filix-femina, high constancy, low cover, indicator species, used in naming the Thuja/Adiantum-Athyrium association. Polystichum munitum and Oxalis oregana dominate the herb layer of this association. Associations will be referred to in the abstract by a two-part name. The Adiantum-Athyrium association has the following additional indicator species: Blechnum spicant and Marah oreganus. Stands usually occur near the bottoms of lower elevation canyons. The moist, stony, Slickrock soil series underlies most stands. The Polystichum/Oxalis association is the most widespread and variable community studied. Tiarella trifoliata has high indicator value for this association. The presence of any one of Stellaria crispa, Montia sibirica, Dicentra formosa or Athyrium filix-femina in lightspots effectively differentiates stands of this association from related ones of the Acer/Berberis association. Stands frequently occur on lower and middle slopes and are usually underlain by the Matson or Apt soil series. In the Acer/Berberis association, Acer circinatum has high cover only in lightspots. Most stands are found on the Millicoma or Matson soil series. Stands occur on lower and middle slopes. Stands of the Rhododendron/Berberis association usually occur on south-facing, upper slopes and ridgetops where high winds frequently cause blowdown. The resultant large openings allow regeneration of Pseudotsuga menziesii. Rhododendron macrophyllum has low cover in the dense forest but high cover in lightspots. Allotropa virgata, a low constancy (saprophyte), has high fidelity to the association. The Millicoma, Matson or Ivers soil series underlie most stands. The Holodiscus/Gaultheria association has the following high fidelity species: Philadelphus lewisii, Symphoricarpos mollis, Madia gracilis, Hierochloe occidentalis, Ligusticum apiifolium, and Lonicera hispidula. This is the only association studied in which the lightspot phenomenon was not important. With the exception of Pseudotsuga menziesii regeneration, understory vegetation did not increase in cover when the tree canopy was removed. Stands usually occur on south-facing, upper slopes and ridgetops. The Digger or Agony soil series are associated with most stands. The successional influence of soil-surface disturbance caused by logging was studied in 1 to 15-year-old stands of the Polystichum/Oxalis and Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-types. In the Polystichum/Oxalis habitat-type, the vegetative dominants by years since logging are: Senecio sylvaticus--first year; Deschampsia elongata--years 2 to 4; Aira caryophyllea, Rubus ursinus, Hypochaeris radicata and Crepis capillaris share dominance--years 5 to 9; Hypochaeris radicata and Pteridium aquilinum share dominance--years 10 to 15. Pseudotsuga menziesii increased to 16 percent cover in the 10 to 15-year period. Disturbed areas of the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type have more than 65 percent bare ground for two years after logging. The vegetation dominants by years are: Deschampsia elongata--years 3 to 4; Hypochaeris radicata and Rubus ursinus--years 5 to 7; and Pseudotsuga menziesii--years 8 to 15. Other high cover species in the 8 to 15-year period are Thermopsis montana, Rubus ursinus, and Pteridium aquilinum. Selected stages in secondary succession were studied from one year after logging to climax in the two most important habitat-types. In the Polystichum/Oxalis habitat-type, Pseudotsuga menziesii is the seral tree dominant but is replaced by Tsuga heterophylla in climax. The tall shrub Acer circinatum has high cover in those serai stages with a comparatively open tree canopy. The herb layer is dominated throughout secondary succession by Polystichum munitum and Oxalis oregana. The tree layer of serai stands of the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type is dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii. Either Tsuga heterophylla or Pseudotsuga menziesii dominate near-climax stands. The shrub layer dominant is Rhododendron macrophyllum throughout secondary succession. It has low cover in the dense forest but high cover in lightspots of near-climax stands. Berberis nervosa has nearly constant coverage throughout secondary succession in the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type and is the herb layer dominant in near-climax stands. Herb layer dominants in early serai stages are: Senecio sylvaticus--year 1; Erechtites prenanthoides--year 2; Rubus ursinus and Gaultheria shallon--years 4-15. Classification and recognition of habitat-types are possible throughout secondary succession from logging to climax on the basis of the same indicator species. The dominance level of some species changes with seral stage, but the change is predictable. Preferred elk food is about twice as abundant in the Polystichum/Oxalis as the Rhododendron/Berberis habitat-type. Nutritious, preferred elk food is most available in the 4 to 9-year period of secondary succession. Present logging methods which leave a mosaic of intermingled disturbed and undisturbed areas create a habitat beneficial to elk. The animals forage on disturbed areas for preferred invader species and on adjacent undisturbed areas for forest remnant species. Close

• 15. [Article] Onshore-offshore variations in copepod community structure off the Oregon coast during the summer upwelling season

  The published version of this article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found here: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Onshore-offshore variations in copepod community structure off the Oregon coast during the summer upwelling season Author: Emmett, Robert L., Morgan, Cheryl A., Peterson, William T. The published version of this article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found here: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/ Title: Onshore-offshore variations in copepod community structure off the Oregon coast during the summer upwelling season Author: Emmett, Robert L., Morgan, Cheryl A., Peterson, William T. The published version of this article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found here: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/ Close

• 16. [Article] Does Temperature-Mediated Reproductive Success Drive the Direction of Species Displacement in Two Invasive Species of Leafminer Fly?

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Does Temperature-Mediated Reproductive Success Drive the Direction of Species Displacement in Two Invasive Species of Leafminer Fly? Author: Wang, Haihong, Xiang, Juncheng, Reitz, Stuart R., Smagghe, Guy, Lei, Zhongren This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Title: Does Temperature-Mediated Reproductive Success Drive the Direction of Species Displacement in Two Invasive Species of Leafminer Fly? Author: Wang, Haihong, Xiang, Juncheng, Reitz, Stuart R., Smagghe, Guy, Lei, Zhongren This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Close

• 17. [Article] Bird-vegetation associations in thinned and unthinned young Douglas-fir forests 10 years after thinning

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bird-vegetation associations in thinned and unthinned young Douglas-fir forests 10 years after thinning Author: Yegorova, Svetlana, Hagar, Joan, Puettmann, Klaus J., Betts, Matthew G. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/. Title: Bird-vegetation associations in thinned and unthinned young Douglas-fir forests 10 years after thinning Author: Yegorova, Svetlana, Hagar, Joan, Puettmann, Klaus J., Betts, Matthew G. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/. Close

• 18. [Article] The Effects of Disturbance History on Ground-Layer Plant Community Composition in British Columbia

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by MDPI. The published article can be found at: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/forests

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Effects of Disturbance History on Ground-Layer Plant Community Composition in British Columbia Author: Krawchuk, Meg A., Ton, Michael This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by MDPI. The published article can be found at: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/forests Title: The Effects of Disturbance History on Ground-Layer Plant Community Composition in British Columbia Author: Krawchuk, Meg A., Ton, Michael This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by MDPI. The published article can be found at: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/forests Close

• 19. [Article] Oceanographic conditions around the Galápagos Archipelago and their influence on cetacean community structure

  The objectives of this dissertation were to describe the complex oceanographic conditions around the Galápagos Archipelago (eastern equatorial Pacific), their seasonal variability, and their effects on ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oceanographic conditions around the Galápagos Archipelago and their influence on cetacean community structure Author: Palacios, Daniel Mauricio The objectives of this dissertation were to describe the complex oceanographic conditions around the Galápagos Archipelago (eastern equatorial Pacific), their seasonal variability, and their effects on patterns of cetacean occurrence. The physical and ecological factors leading to a plume of high phytoplankton biomass in the wake of the Galápagos were investigated with principal component and regression analyses of water-column climatologies and satellite-derived ocean color. The results supported the notion that this "island-mass effect" is fueled by upwelling of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) combined with natural iron enrichment from the island platform. Seasonal variability in long-term monthly fields of satellite-derived sea-surface temperature and ocean color was studied through harmonic analysis and empirical orthogonal function decomposition. Two annual cycles were identified in both variables. The intensification of the Equatorial Front and the South Equatorial Current in the second part of the year was the dominant signal in the data. A secondary cycle reaching its peak in the first part of the year was associated with the topographically induced upwelling of the EUC on the western side of the archipelago, and with advection of upwelled Panama Bight water on the eastern side. The occurrence of nine cetacean Species (including seven small and medium-sized delphinids, the sperm whale, and the Bryde's whale) in relation to environmental variability around the archipelago was described. Seasonally persistent sectors of the archipelago characterized by the presence of distinct species assemblages of stratified, upwelling, and nearshore environments were identified through cluster and indicator species analysis. The dominant pattern in species distribution, as extracted by a nonmetric multidimensional scaling procedure, was well correlated with the main environmental gradient (described by the degree of water-column stratification, chlorophyll-a concentration, and distance from the islands). The collective results of this study indicate that the ocean environment surrounding the Galápagos Archipelago is strongly influenced by equatorial flows. However, the archipelago also introduces a disturbance to these flows, creating localized and persistent conditions that favor the establishment of distinct biological communities around the islands. Title: Oceanographic conditions around the Galápagos Archipelago and their influence on cetacean community structure Author: Palacios, Daniel Mauricio The objectives of this dissertation were to describe the complex oceanographic conditions around the Galápagos Archipelago (eastern equatorial Pacific), their seasonal variability, and their effects on patterns of cetacean occurrence. The physical and ecological factors leading to a plume of high phytoplankton biomass in the wake of the Galápagos were investigated with principal component and regression analyses of water-column climatologies and satellite-derived ocean color. The results supported the notion that this "island-mass effect" is fueled by upwelling of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) combined with natural iron enrichment from the island platform. Seasonal variability in long-term monthly fields of satellite-derived sea-surface temperature and ocean color was studied through harmonic analysis and empirical orthogonal function decomposition. Two annual cycles were identified in both variables. The intensification of the Equatorial Front and the South Equatorial Current in the second part of the year was the dominant signal in the data. A secondary cycle reaching its peak in the first part of the year was associated with the topographically induced upwelling of the EUC on the western side of the archipelago, and with advection of upwelled Panama Bight water on the eastern side. The occurrence of nine cetacean Species (including seven small and medium-sized delphinids, the sperm whale, and the Bryde's whale) in relation to environmental variability around the archipelago was described. Seasonally persistent sectors of the archipelago characterized by the presence of distinct species assemblages of stratified, upwelling, and nearshore environments were identified through cluster and indicator species analysis. The dominant pattern in species distribution, as extracted by a nonmetric multidimensional scaling procedure, was well correlated with the main environmental gradient (described by the degree of water-column stratification, chlorophyll-a concentration, and distance from the islands). The collective results of this study indicate that the ocean environment surrounding the Galápagos Archipelago is strongly influenced by equatorial flows. However, the archipelago also introduces a disturbance to these flows, creating localized and persistent conditions that favor the establishment of distinct biological communities around the islands. Close

• 20. [Article] Distribution and assemblages of demersal fish in Oman

  The Sultanate of Oman has 1700 km of coastline extending from the Arabian Gulf south to the Arabian Sea. The demersal fish distributions and assemblages have not previously been well defined. In winter, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Distribution and assemblages of demersal fish in Oman Author: Ambusaidi, Hilal Saud The Sultanate of Oman has 1700 km of coastline extending from the Arabian Gulf south to the Arabian Sea. The demersal fish distributions and assemblages have not previously been well defined. In winter, variations in the oceanography of the area are minimal. In summer, however, the Arabian Sea is strongly influenced by the southwest monsoon. For this study the continental shelf off Oman was divided into eight regional areas and research trawl data on the distribution of demersal fish assemblages was studied using two forms of multivariate statistical analysis: two-way indicator species analysis and detrended correspondence analysis. The study was carried out to examine the influence on the species assemblages of geographical zonation, seasonal variation, and factors such as depth, time of day, and distance from untrawlable ground. There was seasonal variation in the fish assemblages and this variation was greatly influenced by the summer monsoon. Within each regional area depth appeared to be the major factor determining species distribution. In addition to the multivariate analyses, univariate techniques were applied to the catch rate data for forty commercial species to study in detail the influence of time of day and distance from untrawlable ground, factors which could potentially influence stock assessment estimates of fish biomass. Because the data were highly unbalanced, they were analyzed using General Linear Model with five factors, two continuous variables, and ten interaction terms to examine variation in the log-transformed catch rates. The factors time of day and distance from untrawlable ground, in combination with other factors, had significant effects on the catch rates for half of the species. Title: Distribution and assemblages of demersal fish in Oman Author: Ambusaidi, Hilal Saud The Sultanate of Oman has 1700 km of coastline extending from the Arabian Gulf south to the Arabian Sea. The demersal fish distributions and assemblages have not previously been well defined. In winter, variations in the oceanography of the area are minimal. In summer, however, the Arabian Sea is strongly influenced by the southwest monsoon. For this study the continental shelf off Oman was divided into eight regional areas and research trawl data on the distribution of demersal fish assemblages was studied using two forms of multivariate statistical analysis: two-way indicator species analysis and detrended correspondence analysis. The study was carried out to examine the influence on the species assemblages of geographical zonation, seasonal variation, and factors such as depth, time of day, and distance from untrawlable ground. There was seasonal variation in the fish assemblages and this variation was greatly influenced by the summer monsoon. Within each regional area depth appeared to be the major factor determining species distribution. In addition to the multivariate analyses, univariate techniques were applied to the catch rate data for forty commercial species to study in detail the influence of time of day and distance from untrawlable ground, factors which could potentially influence stock assessment estimates of fish biomass. Because the data were highly unbalanced, they were analyzed using General Linear Model with five factors, two continuous variables, and ten interaction terms to examine variation in the log-transformed catch rates. The factors time of day and distance from untrawlable ground, in combination with other factors, had significant effects on the catch rates for half of the species. Close