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• 1111. [Article] CTD observations in the coastal transition zone off Northern California from R/V Wecoma, July to August 1988

  Wecoma cruise W8807A was conducted in late July and early August 1988 as part of the Coastal Transition Zone project. CTD observations were made over a standard grid in the coastal transition zone off ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: CTD observations in the coastal transition zone off Northern California from R/V Wecoma, July to August 1988 Author: Oregon State University. College of Oceanography, Fleischbein, Jane Wecoma cruise W8807A was conducted in late July and early August 1988 as part of the Coastal Transition Zone project. CTD observations were made over a standard grid in the coastal transition zone off northern California between 37°N and 39.5°N that was occupied repeatedly during June, July and August; this cruise completed the sixth survey. A total of 88 CTD stations were completed successfully; 68 of these stations were at standard grid positions. Additional sections were added at the southwest corner and the north side of the grid, and along the northern portion of an alongshore line occupied four times in 1987. Maximum sampling depth at most stations was 500 m. Temperature, salinity, light transmission and fluorescence were measured at all stations. This report presents vertical profile plots and tabulations of data at selected depths for each station; vertical sections of temperature, salinity and potential density anomaly (sigma-theta), and maps of temperature, salinity, potential density anomaly, and dynamic topography. Wecoma cruise W8806B (28 June to 24 July 1988) completed 13 transects along the D-line making primarily microstructure and towed thermistor chain observations, but CTD observations were also made. A total of 51 CTD stations were completed. The vertical profile plots and standard depth listings of the CTD data are presented in this report. Title: CTD observations in the coastal transition zone off Northern California from R/V Wecoma, July to August 1988 Author: Oregon State University. College of Oceanography, Fleischbein, Jane Wecoma cruise W8807A was conducted in late July and early August 1988 as part of the Coastal Transition Zone project. CTD observations were made over a standard grid in the coastal transition zone off northern California between 37°N and 39.5°N that was occupied repeatedly during June, July and August; this cruise completed the sixth survey. A total of 88 CTD stations were completed successfully; 68 of these stations were at standard grid positions. Additional sections were added at the southwest corner and the north side of the grid, and along the northern portion of an alongshore line occupied four times in 1987. Maximum sampling depth at most stations was 500 m. Temperature, salinity, light transmission and fluorescence were measured at all stations. This report presents vertical profile plots and tabulations of data at selected depths for each station; vertical sections of temperature, salinity and potential density anomaly (sigma-theta), and maps of temperature, salinity, potential density anomaly, and dynamic topography. Wecoma cruise W8806B (28 June to 24 July 1988) completed 13 transects along the D-line making primarily microstructure and towed thermistor chain observations, but CTD observations were also made. A total of 51 CTD stations were completed. The vertical profile plots and standard depth listings of the CTD data are presented in this report. Close

• 1112. [Article] Towed thermistor chain observations in FRONTS-80

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Towed thermistor chain observations in FRONTS-80 Author: Paulson, Clayton A., Oregon State University. School of Oceanography Title: Towed thermistor chain observations in FRONTS-80 Author: Paulson, Clayton A., Oregon State University. School of Oceanography Close

• 1113. [Article] Tropic heat 1984 rapid sampling vertical profiler observations

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tropic heat 1984 rapid sampling vertical profiler observations Author: Oregon State University. College of Oceanography Title: Tropic heat 1984 rapid sampling vertical profiler observations Author: Oregon State University. College of Oceanography Close

• 1114. [Article] Towed thermistor chain observations during MILE

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Towed thermistor chain observations during MILE Author: Oregon State University. School of Oceanography, Spoering, T. J. Title: Towed thermistor chain observations during MILE Author: Oregon State University. School of Oceanography, Spoering, T. J. Close

• 1115. [Article] Thermal microstructure on a lake slope

  As shallow water is approached via a steep lake-bottom slope, increased mixing of heat is indicated by the presence of a highly “stepped” temperature profile. This mixing activity operates over a wide ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Thermal microstructure on a lake slope Author: Brubaker, John M., Neal, Victor T., Caldwell, Douglas R. As shallow water is approached via a steep lake-bottom slope, increased mixing of heat is indicated by the presence of a highly “stepped” temperature profile. This mixing activity operates over a wide range of vertical scales. Title: Thermal microstructure on a lake slope Author: Brubaker, John M., Neal, Victor T., Caldwell, Douglas R. As shallow water is approached via a steep lake-bottom slope, increased mixing of heat is indicated by the presence of a highly “stepped” temperature profile. This mixing activity operates over a wide range of vertical scales. Close

• 1116. [Article] On the Effects Of Horizontal Variability of Wind Stress on the Dynamics of the Ocean Mixed Layer

  The one-dimensional bulk mixed-layer model of Niiler (1975) is extended to two (or three) dimensions to take account of horizontal variation in wind stress on mixed-layer dynamics. Both surface stirring ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: On the Effects Of Horizontal Variability of Wind Stress on the Dynamics of the Ocean Mixed Layer Author: de Szoeke, Roland A. The one-dimensional bulk mixed-layer model of Niiler (1975) is extended to two (or three) dimensions to take account of horizontal variation in wind stress on mixed-layer dynamics. Both surface stirring (Kraus and Turner, 1967) and bulk shear (Pollard et al., 1973) entrainment mechanisms are included. The development of horizontal structure in the upper ocean an the subseasonal to seasonal time scale is the focus of interest. An asymptotic two-timing technique is employed to simplify the dynamical equations. Wind-driven advection can be important in establishing and concentrating horizontal gradients of the sea surface temperature. Wind stress curl-driven vertical velocity can be as important as entrainment velocity in determining the horizontal distribution of mixed-layer depth. Several illustrative calculations are discussed. A case with initially horizontally uniform temperature, 0.05°C m⁻¹ initial vertical gradient, and wind stress of 1 dyn cm⁻² and scale of 1000 km, shows horizontal temperature gradients of 0.01°C km⁻¹ in the vicinity of the wind-driven convergence zone after 100 days integration. A similar case, except with initial horizontal gradient of 0.006°C km⁻¹, shows temperature gradients of 0.02°C km⁻¹ after 100 days. In wind-driven convergence zones, mixed-layer depths of 120 m can be achieved after 100 days, by a combination of entrainment and downwelling, mostly the latter, especially after long times. In divergent zones, steady mixed-layer depths can be achieved in less than 100 days through the competition between the effects of upwelling and entrainment. These steady depths range from 20 to 90 m, depending on location. Title: On the Effects Of Horizontal Variability of Wind Stress on the Dynamics of the Ocean Mixed Layer Author: de Szoeke, Roland A. The one-dimensional bulk mixed-layer model of Niiler (1975) is extended to two (or three) dimensions to take account of horizontal variation in wind stress on mixed-layer dynamics. Both surface stirring (Kraus and Turner, 1967) and bulk shear (Pollard et al., 1973) entrainment mechanisms are included. The development of horizontal structure in the upper ocean an the subseasonal to seasonal time scale is the focus of interest. An asymptotic two-timing technique is employed to simplify the dynamical equations. Wind-driven advection can be important in establishing and concentrating horizontal gradients of the sea surface temperature. Wind stress curl-driven vertical velocity can be as important as entrainment velocity in determining the horizontal distribution of mixed-layer depth. Several illustrative calculations are discussed. A case with initially horizontally uniform temperature, 0.05°C m⁻¹ initial vertical gradient, and wind stress of 1 dyn cm⁻² and scale of 1000 km, shows horizontal temperature gradients of 0.01°C km⁻¹ in the vicinity of the wind-driven convergence zone after 100 days integration. A similar case, except with initial horizontal gradient of 0.006°C km⁻¹, shows temperature gradients of 0.02°C km⁻¹ after 100 days. In wind-driven convergence zones, mixed-layer depths of 120 m can be achieved after 100 days, by a combination of entrainment and downwelling, mostly the latter, especially after long times. In divergent zones, steady mixed-layer depths can be achieved in less than 100 days through the competition between the effects of upwelling and entrainment. These steady depths range from 20 to 90 m, depending on location. Close

• 1117. [Article] Glacial greenhouse-gas fluctuations controlled by ocean circulation changes

  Earth's climate and the concentrations of the atmospheric greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) varied strongly on millennial timescales during past glacial periods. Large and rapid ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Glacial greenhouse-gas fluctuations controlled by ocean circulation changes Author: Schmittner, Andreas, Galbraith, Eric D. Earth's climate and the concentrations of the atmospheric greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) varied strongly on millennial timescales during past glacial periods. Large and rapid warming events in Greenland and the North Atlantic were followed by more gradual cooling, and are highly correlated with fluctuations of N2O as recorded in ice cores. Antarctic temperature variations, on the other hand, were smaller and more gradual, showed warming during the Greenland cold phase and cooling while the North Atlantic was warm, and were highly correlated with fluctuations in CO2. Abrupt changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) have often been invoked to explain the physical characteristics of these Dansgaard–Oeschger climate oscillations, but the mechanisms for the greenhouse-gas variations and their linkage to the AMOC have remained unclear. Here we present simulations with a coupled model of glacial climate and biogeochemical cycles, forced only with changes in the AMOC. The model simultaneously reproduces characteristic features of the Dansgaard–Oeschger temperature, as well as CO2 and N2O fluctuations. Despite significant changes in the land carbon inventory, CO2 variations on millennial timescales are dominated by slow changes in the deep ocean inventory of biologically sequestered carbon and are correlated with Antarctic temperature and Southern Ocean stratification. In contrast, N2O co-varies more rapidly with Greenland temperatures owing to fast adjustments of the thermocline oxygen budget. These results suggest that ocean circulation changes were the primary mechanism that drove glacial CO2 and N2O fluctuations on millennial timescales. Title: Glacial greenhouse-gas fluctuations controlled by ocean circulation changes Author: Schmittner, Andreas, Galbraith, Eric D. Earth's climate and the concentrations of the atmospheric greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) varied strongly on millennial timescales during past glacial periods. Large and rapid warming events in Greenland and the North Atlantic were followed by more gradual cooling, and are highly correlated with fluctuations of N2O as recorded in ice cores. Antarctic temperature variations, on the other hand, were smaller and more gradual, showed warming during the Greenland cold phase and cooling while the North Atlantic was warm, and were highly correlated with fluctuations in CO2. Abrupt changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) have often been invoked to explain the physical characteristics of these Dansgaard–Oeschger climate oscillations, but the mechanisms for the greenhouse-gas variations and their linkage to the AMOC have remained unclear. Here we present simulations with a coupled model of glacial climate and biogeochemical cycles, forced only with changes in the AMOC. The model simultaneously reproduces characteristic features of the Dansgaard–Oeschger temperature, as well as CO2 and N2O fluctuations. Despite significant changes in the land carbon inventory, CO2 variations on millennial timescales are dominated by slow changes in the deep ocean inventory of biologically sequestered carbon and are correlated with Antarctic temperature and Southern Ocean stratification. In contrast, N2O co-varies more rapidly with Greenland temperatures owing to fast adjustments of the thermocline oxygen budget. These results suggest that ocean circulation changes were the primary mechanism that drove glacial CO2 and N2O fluctuations on millennial timescales. Close

• 1118. [Article] Oceanic germanium/silicon ratios: Evaluation of the potential overprint of temperature on weathering signals

  Copyrighted by American Geophysical Union.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oceanic germanium/silicon ratios: Evaluation of the potential overprint of temperature on weathering signals Author: McManus, James, Berelson, William M., Hammond, Douglas E. Copyrighted by American Geophysical Union. Title: Oceanic germanium/silicon ratios: Evaluation of the potential overprint of temperature on weathering signals Author: McManus, James, Berelson, William M., Hammond, Douglas E. Copyrighted by American Geophysical Union. Close

• 1119. [Article] A Semi-Empirical Inversion Model for Assessing Surface Soil Moisture using AMSR-E Brightness Temperatures

  This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-hydr...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Semi-Empirical Inversion Model for Assessing Surface Soil Moisture using AMSR-E Brightness Temperatures Author: Han, Liusheng, Liao, Jishan, Li, Dan, Li, Xia, Chen, Shuisen, Su, Yongxian, Chen, Xiuzhi, Li, Yong, Zhong, Ruofei This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-hydrology/. Title: A Semi-Empirical Inversion Model for Assessing Surface Soil Moisture using AMSR-E Brightness Temperatures Author: Han, Liusheng, Liao, Jishan, Li, Dan, Li, Xia, Chen, Shuisen, Su, Yongxian, Chen, Xiuzhi, Li, Yong, Zhong, Ruofei This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-hydrology/. Close

• 1120. [Article] Diurnal heat balance for the northern Monterey Bay inner shelf

  This is the publisher's version of record. The original submission is copyrighted by American Geophysical Union and can be found here: http://www.agu.org/

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Diurnal heat balance for the northern Monterey Bay inner shelf Author: S. H. Suanda, S. H., Barth, J. A., Woodson, C. B. This is the publisher's version of record. The original submission is copyrighted by American Geophysical Union and can be found here: http://www.agu.org/ Title: Diurnal heat balance for the northern Monterey Bay inner shelf Author: S. H. Suanda, S. H., Barth, J. A., Woodson, C. B. This is the publisher's version of record. The original submission is copyrighted by American Geophysical Union and can be found here: http://www.agu.org/ Close