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• 1. [Article] Considering the Great Blue Heron as an Indicator Species for Organochlorine Contamination in the Willamette River, Oregon

  18 p. Term paper produced for HC 441: Science Colloquium: Willamette River Environmental Health, Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon , Spring term, 2004.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Considering the Great Blue Heron as an Indicator Species for Organochlorine Contamination in the Willamette River, Oregon Author: Gordon, Eleanor Year: 2005, 2004 18 p. Term paper produced for HC 441: Science Colloquium: Willamette River Environmental Health, Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon , Spring term, 2004. Title: Considering the Great Blue Heron as an Indicator Species for Organochlorine Contamination in the Willamette River, Oregon Author: Gordon, Eleanor Year: 2005, 2004 18 p. Term paper produced for HC 441: Science Colloquium: Willamette River Environmental Health, Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon , Spring term, 2004. Close

• 2. [Article] How Cities Can Increase Cycling Among Women An Evaluation of: Portland, OR, Washington D.C., and Vancouver B.C.

  56 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: How Cities Can Increase Cycling Among Women An Evaluation of: Portland, OR, Washington D.C., and Vancouver B.C. Author: Horan, Erin Year: 2016 56 pages Title: How Cities Can Increase Cycling Among Women An Evaluation of: Portland, OR, Washington D.C., and Vancouver B.C. Author: Horan, Erin Year: 2016 56 pages Close

• 3. [Article] Resveratrol Influence on Lifespan among Caenorhabditis Elegans Genetic Variants & Implications for Personalized Medicine

  46 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Resveratrol Influence on Lifespan among Caenorhabditis Elegans Genetic Variants & Implications for Personalized Medicine Author: Caul, Tela Amber Year: 2017 46 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2017 Title: Resveratrol Influence on Lifespan among Caenorhabditis Elegans Genetic Variants & Implications for Personalized Medicine Author: Caul, Tela Amber Year: 2017 46 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2017 Close

• 4. [Article] The Uneven Geography of River Conservation In The U.S.: Insights From The Application Of The Wild And Scenic Rivers Act

  Rivers are vital for sustaining biodiversity and human development, yet globally only a small fraction of rivers enjoy protection and those with protections are often impaired or modified. Rapid rates ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Uneven Geography of River Conservation In The U.S.: Insights From The Application Of The Wild And Scenic Rivers Act Author: Perry, Denielle Year: 2017 Rivers are vital for sustaining biodiversity and human development, yet globally only a small fraction of rivers enjoy protection and those with protections are often impaired or modified. Rapid rates of freshwater species’ extinctions indicate current conservation practices are failing. Despite over fifty years of scientific evidence justifying river conservation, it remains that less attention is focused on protecting ecosystems than on developing water resources for economic growth. This disparity is indicative of the ‘nature as resource’ versus ‘conservation of nature’ paradigm. Today, this paradigm is complicated by new attentions centering both on water resource development projects and conservation policy as climate change adaptation strategies. Policies protecting rivers are recommended for contending with more intense storms and flooding, increasing resilience for species, forests, and agricultural areas, and fostering some types of water security. Creating, implementing, and managing climate adaptation policies will require a strong state presence in water resource governance. We know, however, the aforementioned paradigm hinders conservation policymaking. Therefore, understanding how conservation policy has already been rationalized, implemented, and managed is critical to advancing climate adaptation policymaking. Yet, little empirical research has been conducted on federal river conservation policy creation or application across the U.S. To that end, this dissertation, presented in three discrete original research articles, examines the United States National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. Specifically, this study investigates the socio-ecological drivers behind the creation of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968 (WSRA hereinafter) and the spatial dimensions of the policy’s application and management over time. This study is grounded empirically in extensive archival materials, interviews with federal land management agency personnel, conservation advocates, and technical experts, as well as spatial and temporal analysis of a geodatabase. Together, these methods were employed to answer the following research questions which guide this study: (1) What factors influence the temporal and spatial distribution of river segments protected under the Wild & Scenic Rivers Act? (2) What does the history of management in designated segments suggest about emerging trends and patterns in river conservation? (3) How are competing environmental values and ideologies understood and reconciled in the context of river conservation? Title: The Uneven Geography of River Conservation In The U.S.: Insights From The Application Of The Wild And Scenic Rivers Act Author: Perry, Denielle Year: 2017 Rivers are vital for sustaining biodiversity and human development, yet globally only a small fraction of rivers enjoy protection and those with protections are often impaired or modified. Rapid rates of freshwater species’ extinctions indicate current conservation practices are failing. Despite over fifty years of scientific evidence justifying river conservation, it remains that less attention is focused on protecting ecosystems than on developing water resources for economic growth. This disparity is indicative of the ‘nature as resource’ versus ‘conservation of nature’ paradigm. Today, this paradigm is complicated by new attentions centering both on water resource development projects and conservation policy as climate change adaptation strategies. Policies protecting rivers are recommended for contending with more intense storms and flooding, increasing resilience for species, forests, and agricultural areas, and fostering some types of water security. Creating, implementing, and managing climate adaptation policies will require a strong state presence in water resource governance. We know, however, the aforementioned paradigm hinders conservation policymaking. Therefore, understanding how conservation policy has already been rationalized, implemented, and managed is critical to advancing climate adaptation policymaking. Yet, little empirical research has been conducted on federal river conservation policy creation or application across the U.S. To that end, this dissertation, presented in three discrete original research articles, examines the United States National Wild and Scenic Rivers System. Specifically, this study investigates the socio-ecological drivers behind the creation of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act of 1968 (WSRA hereinafter) and the spatial dimensions of the policy’s application and management over time. This study is grounded empirically in extensive archival materials, interviews with federal land management agency personnel, conservation advocates, and technical experts, as well as spatial and temporal analysis of a geodatabase. Together, these methods were employed to answer the following research questions which guide this study: (1) What factors influence the temporal and spatial distribution of river segments protected under the Wild & Scenic Rivers Act? (2) What does the history of management in designated segments suggest about emerging trends and patterns in river conservation? (3) How are competing environmental values and ideologies understood and reconciled in the context of river conservation? Close

• 5. [Article] Supplementary Data Terrestrial Mollusk Location and Species Count

  Supporting data in csv table format.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Supplementary Data Terrestrial Mollusk Location and Species Count Author: Emery-Wetherell, Meaghan Marie, Mathew, Christine, Church, Cameron, Dellard, Ellie, Davis, Edward Byrd, Roering, Josh Year: 2017 Supporting data in csv table format. Title: Supplementary Data Terrestrial Mollusk Location and Species Count Author: Emery-Wetherell, Meaghan Marie, Mathew, Christine, Church, Cameron, Dellard, Ellie, Davis, Edward Byrd, Roering, Josh Year: 2017 Supporting data in csv table format. Close

• 6. [Article] The Performance of Four Native Perennial Forb Species Along a Climate Gradient in Pacific Northwest Prairies

  To determine how Pacific Northwest prairies are influenced by local site factors versus. regional climate, we studied the reproduction, plant size, and density of sixteen natural populations of four perennial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Performance of Four Native Perennial Forb Species Along a Climate Gradient in Pacific Northwest Prairies Author: Hendricks, Lauren Year: 2016 To determine how Pacific Northwest prairies are influenced by local site factors versus. regional climate, we studied the reproduction, plant size, and density of sixteen natural populations of four perennial forb species native to Pacific Northwest prairies: Ranunculus austro-oreganus, Sidalcea malviflora spp. virgata, Microseris laciniata, and Eriophyllum lanatum. These populations were distributed along a 700 kilometer latitudinal gradient from southern Oregon to Whidbey Island, Washington. We found significant differences in plant size and reproduction among populations for all species, but correlations among edaphic and climate variables and plant size and reproduction were weak. Instead, density was more strongly correlated with both edaphic and climate variables, suggesting that this is a better indicator of long-term demographic processes. Although a few factors are important across species (e.g., nutrient availability and minimum temperature), response is idiosyncratic at the individual species level in Pacific Northwest prairies. Title: The Performance of Four Native Perennial Forb Species Along a Climate Gradient in Pacific Northwest Prairies Author: Hendricks, Lauren Year: 2016 To determine how Pacific Northwest prairies are influenced by local site factors versus. regional climate, we studied the reproduction, plant size, and density of sixteen natural populations of four perennial forb species native to Pacific Northwest prairies: Ranunculus austro-oreganus, Sidalcea malviflora spp. virgata, Microseris laciniata, and Eriophyllum lanatum. These populations were distributed along a 700 kilometer latitudinal gradient from southern Oregon to Whidbey Island, Washington. We found significant differences in plant size and reproduction among populations for all species, but correlations among edaphic and climate variables and plant size and reproduction were weak. Instead, density was more strongly correlated with both edaphic and climate variables, suggesting that this is a better indicator of long-term demographic processes. Although a few factors are important across species (e.g., nutrient availability and minimum temperature), response is idiosyncratic at the individual species level in Pacific Northwest prairies. Close

• 7. [Article] Incompatibility and Speciation Within and Between Species

  60 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Incompatibility and Speciation Within and Between Species Author: Moore, Hanna Year: 2015 60 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2015. Title: Incompatibility and Speciation Within and Between Species Author: Moore, Hanna Year: 2015 60 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2015. Close

• 8. [Article] Barnacle Feeding: Comparing Cirral Anatomy, Feeding Behavior, Reynolds Numbers, and Cirral Fan Leakiness Across Three Size Classes of Three Species of Common Acorn Barnacles

  xv, 97 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call numbers: SCIENCE QL444.C58 G45 2007

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Barnacle Feeding: Comparing Cirral Anatomy, Feeding Behavior, Reynolds Numbers, and Cirral Fan Leakiness Across Three Size Classes of Three Species of Common Acorn Barnacles Author: Geierman, Christina, 1982- Year: 2008, 2007 xv, 97 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call numbers: SCIENCE QL444.C58 G45 2007 Title: Barnacle Feeding: Comparing Cirral Anatomy, Feeding Behavior, Reynolds Numbers, and Cirral Fan Leakiness Across Three Size Classes of Three Species of Common Acorn Barnacles Author: Geierman, Christina, 1982- Year: 2008, 2007 xv, 97 p. : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under the call numbers: SCIENCE QL444.C58 G45 2007 Close

• 9. [Article] The Oligocene Fossil Caudates of Oregon: Classification, Analysis, and Insights on the Paleoecology and Conservation Biology of Pacific Newts

  Newts, abundant worldwide, have unclear pre-Pliocene evolution and phylogenetic relationships. North America has a sporadic pre-Pliocene newt record. Several undescribed fossils can address this lack ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Oligocene Fossil Caudates of Oregon: Classification, Analysis, and Insights on the Paleoecology and Conservation Biology of Pacific Newts Author: Jacisin, John Year: 2014 Newts, abundant worldwide, have unclear pre-Pliocene evolution and phylogenetic relationships. North America has a sporadic pre-Pliocene newt record. Several undescribed fossils can address this lack of information. I built a character matrix of >70 morphological characters for extant newts and two fossil species, Taricha oligocenica and Taricha lindoei. Phylogenetic analyses were used to investigate the relationships of the fossil taxa within newts. The morphology of the fossil taxa was compared with extant North American newts to redescribe the fossil specimens. The past ecology and biogeography of North American fossil newts was compared with their current ecologies and distribution to better understand their evolution and dispersal and to predict possible changes for newts in the face of environmental change. Results indicate that T. oligocenica and T. lindoei are closely-related species nested within Taricha, but their relationships with extant species are unresolved; the genus itself is rooted at least 32 Ma. Title: The Oligocene Fossil Caudates of Oregon: Classification, Analysis, and Insights on the Paleoecology and Conservation Biology of Pacific Newts Author: Jacisin, John Year: 2014 Newts, abundant worldwide, have unclear pre-Pliocene evolution and phylogenetic relationships. North America has a sporadic pre-Pliocene newt record. Several undescribed fossils can address this lack of information. I built a character matrix of >70 morphological characters for extant newts and two fossil species, Taricha oligocenica and Taricha lindoei. Phylogenetic analyses were used to investigate the relationships of the fossil taxa within newts. The morphology of the fossil taxa was compared with extant North American newts to redescribe the fossil specimens. The past ecology and biogeography of North American fossil newts was compared with their current ecologies and distribution to better understand their evolution and dispersal and to predict possible changes for newts in the face of environmental change. Results indicate that T. oligocenica and T. lindoei are closely-related species nested within Taricha, but their relationships with extant species are unresolved; the genus itself is rooted at least 32 Ma. Close

• 10. [Article] The Ecology and Demography of the Invasive Ascidian Botrylloides violaceus in the Coos Estuary

  133 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Ecology and Demography of the Invasive Ascidian Botrylloides violaceus in the Coos Estuary Author: Dorning, Sandra Lynn Year: 2017 133 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2017 Title: The Ecology and Demography of the Invasive Ascidian Botrylloides violaceus in the Coos Estuary Author: Dorning, Sandra Lynn Year: 2017 133 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2017 Close

• 11. [Article] SMILODONICHTHYS RASTROSUS A NEW PLIOCENE SALMONID FISH FROM WESTERN UNITED STATES

  52 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: SMILODONICHTHYS RASTROSUS A NEW PLIOCENE SALMONID FISH FROM WESTERN UNITED STATES Author: CAVENDER, TED M., MILLER, ROBERT RUSH Year: 2016, 1972 52 pages Title: SMILODONICHTHYS RASTROSUS A NEW PLIOCENE SALMONID FISH FROM WESTERN UNITED STATES Author: CAVENDER, TED M., MILLER, ROBERT RUSH Year: 2016, 1972 52 pages Close

• 12. [Article] SITE FIDELITY AND HOMING BEHAVIOR OF THE INTERTIDAL STICHAEIDAE, XIPHISTER ATROPURPUREUS (BLACK PRICKLEBACK)

  31 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 201...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: SITE FIDELITY AND HOMING BEHAVIOR OF THE INTERTIDAL STICHAEIDAE, XIPHISTER ATROPURPUREUS (BLACK PRICKLEBACK) Author: Nelson, Ashley Kim Year: 2014, 2013 31 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 2013. Title: SITE FIDELITY AND HOMING BEHAVIOR OF THE INTERTIDAL STICHAEIDAE, XIPHISTER ATROPURPUREUS (BLACK PRICKLEBACK) Author: Nelson, Ashley Kim Year: 2014, 2013 31 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 2013. Close

• 13. [Article] Investigating an adaptive explanation for nonprogressor immune responses to SIV

  62 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Anthropology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investigating an adaptive explanation for nonprogressor immune responses to SIV Author: McVeety, Kelsie Year: 2015 62 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Anthropology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2015. Title: Investigating an adaptive explanation for nonprogressor immune responses to SIV Author: McVeety, Kelsie Year: 2015 62 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Anthropology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2015. Close

• 14. [Article] THE OLIGOCENE MARINE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF THE EUGENE FORMATION IN OREGON

  124 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: THE OLIGOCENE MARINE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF THE EUGENE FORMATION IN OREGON Author: STENTZ HICKMAN, CAROLE JEAN Year: 2016, 1969 124 pages Title: THE OLIGOCENE MARINE MOLLUSCAN FAUNA OF THE EUGENE FORMATION IN OREGON Author: STENTZ HICKMAN, CAROLE JEAN Year: 2016, 1969 124 pages Close

• 15. [Article] The Relationship between Plankton and Water Mass Properties in High Arctic (Svalbard) Fjords

  43 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 201...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Relationship between Plankton and Water Mass Properties in High Arctic (Svalbard) Fjords Author: Poje, Alexandra Merritt Year: 2017, 2016 43 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 2016 Title: The Relationship between Plankton and Water Mass Properties in High Arctic (Svalbard) Fjords Author: Poje, Alexandra Merritt Year: 2017, 2016 43 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 2016 Close

• 16. [Article] The Relationship between Plankton and Water Mass Properties in High Arctic (Svalbard) Fjords

  43 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 201...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Relationship between Plankton and Water Mass Properties in High Arctic (Svalbard) Fjords Author: Poje, Alexandra Year: 2017, 2016 43 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 2016. Title: The Relationship between Plankton and Water Mass Properties in High Arctic (Svalbard) Fjords Author: Poje, Alexandra Year: 2017, 2016 43 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Fall 2016. Close

• 17. [Article] Investigating the Evolutionary Relationship of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli Through Phylogenetic and Host Range Analyses

  67 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investigating the Evolutionary Relationship of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli Through Phylogenetic and Host Range Analyses Author: Mancino, Leah E. Year: 2013 67 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2013. Title: Investigating the Evolutionary Relationship of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P. humuli Through Phylogenetic and Host Range Analyses Author: Mancino, Leah E. Year: 2013 67 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2013. Close

• 18. [Article] Community assembly of benthic invertebrates on island-like marine hard substrata

  Most of the seafloor is soft sediment, so hard substrata are isolated and island-like. In this dissertation, I explore how species distribution patterns on isolated marine hard substrata resemble terrestrial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Community assembly of benthic invertebrates on island-like marine hard substrata Author: Meyer, Kirstin Year: 2016 Most of the seafloor is soft sediment, so hard substrata are isolated and island-like. In this dissertation, I explore how species distribution patterns on isolated marine hard substrata resemble terrestrial island communities, drawing on classical island biogeography theory and assembly rules, and describe how benthic invertebrate communities assemble in these island-like habitats. Higher species richness occurred on larger substrata (dropstones and shipwrecks), paralleling terrestrial island communities. However, while larger islands have greater habitat diversity and primary productivity, marine hard substrata are simpler habitats. Greater elevation in the benthic boundary layer may expose fauna to faster current, higher food supply and larval flux. Substrata located closer together had more similar communities, another pattern that resembles terrestrial islands. Dropstone fauna had a clumped distribution, indicating that larvae may disperse among substrata located close together, resulting in similar communities. In Svalbard fjords, benthic megafaunal communities were significantly different between Arctic- and Atlantic-influenced fjords. Depth and temperature had the greatest influence, with the highest diversity occurring in cold Rijpfjorden and on the north Svalbard shelf. Recruitment in Svalbard fjords was spatially and temporally variable, with lower recruitment in Rijpfjorden than in Atlantic-influenced fjords and lower recruitment at greater depth. Most of the recruits in Svalbard fjords were fast-growing, poor-competitive opportunists. On shipwrecks, communities showed two mechanisms of colonization: mobile fauna with long-dispersing planktotrophic larvae, and encrusting fauna with lecithotrophic larvae. Encrusting species reproduce asexually to cover the wreck surface, and philopatry may build up dense populations, leading to uneven communities. On terrestrial islands, non-random co-occurrence is attributed to interspecific competition, but for marine substrata, there may not be a relationship. Fauna were distributed randomly on settlement plates in Svalbard fjords, even when interspecific competition was observed. On dropstones, some morphotypes co-occurred non-randomly in the absence of overgrowth competition. Non-random co-occurrence on isolated marine hard substrata may be a result of restricted larval dispersal (for pairs co-occurring less than by chance) or epibiontism (for pairs co-occurring more often than by chance). While species distribution patterns on island-like marine hard substrata resemble terrestrial islands, the mechanisms are not necessarily the same. Title: Community assembly of benthic invertebrates on island-like marine hard substrata Author: Meyer, Kirstin Year: 2016 Most of the seafloor is soft sediment, so hard substrata are isolated and island-like. In this dissertation, I explore how species distribution patterns on isolated marine hard substrata resemble terrestrial island communities, drawing on classical island biogeography theory and assembly rules, and describe how benthic invertebrate communities assemble in these island-like habitats. Higher species richness occurred on larger substrata (dropstones and shipwrecks), paralleling terrestrial island communities. However, while larger islands have greater habitat diversity and primary productivity, marine hard substrata are simpler habitats. Greater elevation in the benthic boundary layer may expose fauna to faster current, higher food supply and larval flux. Substrata located closer together had more similar communities, another pattern that resembles terrestrial islands. Dropstone fauna had a clumped distribution, indicating that larvae may disperse among substrata located close together, resulting in similar communities. In Svalbard fjords, benthic megafaunal communities were significantly different between Arctic- and Atlantic-influenced fjords. Depth and temperature had the greatest influence, with the highest diversity occurring in cold Rijpfjorden and on the north Svalbard shelf. Recruitment in Svalbard fjords was spatially and temporally variable, with lower recruitment in Rijpfjorden than in Atlantic-influenced fjords and lower recruitment at greater depth. Most of the recruits in Svalbard fjords were fast-growing, poor-competitive opportunists. On shipwrecks, communities showed two mechanisms of colonization: mobile fauna with long-dispersing planktotrophic larvae, and encrusting fauna with lecithotrophic larvae. Encrusting species reproduce asexually to cover the wreck surface, and philopatry may build up dense populations, leading to uneven communities. On terrestrial islands, non-random co-occurrence is attributed to interspecific competition, but for marine substrata, there may not be a relationship. Fauna were distributed randomly on settlement plates in Svalbard fjords, even when interspecific competition was observed. On dropstones, some morphotypes co-occurred non-randomly in the absence of overgrowth competition. Non-random co-occurrence on isolated marine hard substrata may be a result of restricted larval dispersal (for pairs co-occurring less than by chance) or epibiontism (for pairs co-occurring more often than by chance). While species distribution patterns on island-like marine hard substrata resemble terrestrial islands, the mechanisms are not necessarily the same. Close

• 19. [Article] Initial Characterization of the Organophosphate Acid Anhydrase Activity of the Chicken, Gallus domesticus

  Supernatant solutions from kidney and liver homogenates of the chicken, Gallus domesticus, were found to hydrolyze the organophosphate (OP) compound diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). The activity on DFP ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Initial Characterization of the Organophosphate Acid Anhydrase Activity of the Chicken, Gallus domesticus Author: Westra, Brian, Landis, Wayne Year: 2010, 1992 Supernatant solutions from kidney and liver homogenates of the chicken, Gallus domesticus, were found to hydrolyze the organophosphate (OP) compound diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). The activity on DFP as substrate was heat-inactivated and was characterized for temperature and pH optima, enzyme kinetics, and requirements for manganous ion. Gel column chromatography indicated that the DFPase in both tissues is in the range of 82,100 to 93,300 D. This activity is strongly inhibited by N,N'-diisopropylphosphorodia-midofluoridate (mipafox). The chicken has organophosphate acid (OPA) anhydrase activity comparable to other eucaryotic sources in its ability to hydrolyze DFP. Although birds may not have paraoxonase activity comparable to mammalian species, they do not differ significantly in the ability to hydrolyze DFP and probably related compounds. Title: Initial Characterization of the Organophosphate Acid Anhydrase Activity of the Chicken, Gallus domesticus Author: Westra, Brian, Landis, Wayne Year: 2010, 1992 Supernatant solutions from kidney and liver homogenates of the chicken, Gallus domesticus, were found to hydrolyze the organophosphate (OP) compound diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). The activity on DFP as substrate was heat-inactivated and was characterized for temperature and pH optima, enzyme kinetics, and requirements for manganous ion. Gel column chromatography indicated that the DFPase in both tissues is in the range of 82,100 to 93,300 D. This activity is strongly inhibited by N,N'-diisopropylphosphorodia-midofluoridate (mipafox). The chicken has organophosphate acid (OPA) anhydrase activity comparable to other eucaryotic sources in its ability to hydrolyze DFP. Although birds may not have paraoxonase activity comparable to mammalian species, they do not differ significantly in the ability to hydrolyze DFP and probably related compounds. Close

• 20. [Article] Straw Devil final supplemental environmental assessment

  20 pp. Tables, maps, references. T.21, 22, and 23 S., R. 4 and 5½ E. Captured May 28, 2008.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Straw Devil final supplemental environmental assessment Author: Middle Fork Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2004 20 pp. Tables, maps, references. T.21, 22, and 23 S., R. 4 and 5½ E. Captured May 28, 2008. Title: Straw Devil final supplemental environmental assessment Author: Middle Fork Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2004 20 pp. Tables, maps, references. T.21, 22, and 23 S., R. 4 and 5½ E. Captured May 28, 2008. Close

• 21. [Article] Sex Determination in Zebrafish: Genetics of Sex and wnt4a

  Effective reproduction is essential for species survival. Sexual reproduction depends upon functional gonads and reproductive ducts. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism, but the genetic ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sex Determination in Zebrafish: Genetics of Sex and wnt4a Author: High, Samantha Year: 2016 Effective reproduction is essential for species survival. Sexual reproduction depends upon functional gonads and reproductive ducts. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism, but the genetic basis of zebrafish sex determination, gonad development, and reproductive tract development are not fully understood, and understanding this basis could inform about the evolutionary conservation of these genes and the use of zebrafish to investigate and treat reproductive diseases. In chapter I, I give a overview of sex determination systems, gonad development, and reproductive duct development in mammals and fish, and ask how sex is determined and how reproductive ducts develop in zebrafish. In chapter II, I used genome wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate if the genetic basis of sex determination in a variety of zebrafish strains -- two ‘wild-type’ strains cultured for about 30 years in the lab, and four ‘natural’ strains, wild-type strains isolated directly or recently from nature in India -- and identified a sex-associated region on zebrafish chromosome 4 in natural zebrafish strains that was lacking in the lab strains. In chapter III, I investigated whether or not wnt4a is important for zebrafish ovarian development, and found that wnt4a is expressed in the early bipotential gonad and that loss of wnt4a results in male-biased sex ratios, indicating that wnt4a is important for zebrafish ovarian development. In chapter IV, I investigated whether or not wnt4a is important for male reproductive duct development, and found that loss of wnt4a slows the formation of male reproductive ducts and prevents the male fused ducti deferens from connecting to the genital orifice in zebrafish males. Results further showed that wnt4a is expressed in tissue around the site where this connection should occur before and after the connection is formed, revealing a novel wnt4a phenotype in zebrafish that hasn’t been seen thus far, and indicating that wnt4a is necessary for proper male reproductive duct development in zebrafish. This dissertation contains both published and unpublished co-authored material. Title: Sex Determination in Zebrafish: Genetics of Sex and wnt4a Author: High, Samantha Year: 2016 Effective reproduction is essential for species survival. Sexual reproduction depends upon functional gonads and reproductive ducts. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular model organism, but the genetic basis of zebrafish sex determination, gonad development, and reproductive tract development are not fully understood, and understanding this basis could inform about the evolutionary conservation of these genes and the use of zebrafish to investigate and treat reproductive diseases. In chapter I, I give a overview of sex determination systems, gonad development, and reproductive duct development in mammals and fish, and ask how sex is determined and how reproductive ducts develop in zebrafish. In chapter II, I used genome wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate if the genetic basis of sex determination in a variety of zebrafish strains -- two ‘wild-type’ strains cultured for about 30 years in the lab, and four ‘natural’ strains, wild-type strains isolated directly or recently from nature in India -- and identified a sex-associated region on zebrafish chromosome 4 in natural zebrafish strains that was lacking in the lab strains. In chapter III, I investigated whether or not wnt4a is important for zebrafish ovarian development, and found that wnt4a is expressed in the early bipotential gonad and that loss of wnt4a results in male-biased sex ratios, indicating that wnt4a is important for zebrafish ovarian development. In chapter IV, I investigated whether or not wnt4a is important for male reproductive duct development, and found that loss of wnt4a slows the formation of male reproductive ducts and prevents the male fused ducti deferens from connecting to the genital orifice in zebrafish males. Results further showed that wnt4a is expressed in tissue around the site where this connection should occur before and after the connection is formed, revealing a novel wnt4a phenotype in zebrafish that hasn’t been seen thus far, and indicating that wnt4a is necessary for proper male reproductive duct development in zebrafish. This dissertation contains both published and unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 22. [Article] The Effects of Rapid Climate Change on Small Populations of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii

  viii, 21 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Effects of Rapid Climate Change on Small Populations of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii Author: Letaw, Alathea Diana, 1984- Year: 2010, 2009 viii, 21 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Title: The Effects of Rapid Climate Change on Small Populations of the Pitcher-Plant Mosquito, Wyeomyia smithii Author: Letaw, Alathea Diana, 1984- Year: 2010, 2009 viii, 21 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Close

• 23. [Article] Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopic Investigations of Sulfur Dioxide Adsorption to Atmospherically Relevant Aqueous Surfaces

  xv, 108 p. : ill. (chiefly col.)

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopic Investigations of Sulfur Dioxide Adsorption to Atmospherically Relevant Aqueous Surfaces Author: Ota, Stephanie Tomoko, 1978- Year: 2011 xv, 108 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) Title: Vibrational Sum Frequency Spectroscopic Investigations of Sulfur Dioxide Adsorption to Atmospherically Relevant Aqueous Surfaces Author: Ota, Stephanie Tomoko, 1978- Year: 2011 xv, 108 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) Close

• 24. [Article] THE SCIURIDAE (RODENTIA: MAMMALIA) OF CAVE BASIN (OREGON), A NEW MIDDLE MIOCENE MICROFOSSIL LOCALITY

  69 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Geological Sciences and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: THE SCIURIDAE (RODENTIA: MAMMALIA) OF CAVE BASIN (OREGON), A NEW MIDDLE MIOCENE MICROFOSSIL LOCALITY Author: Biedron, Eva Marie Year: 2016 69 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Geological Sciences and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2016. Title: THE SCIURIDAE (RODENTIA: MAMMALIA) OF CAVE BASIN (OREGON), A NEW MIDDLE MIOCENE MICROFOSSIL LOCALITY Author: Biedron, Eva Marie Year: 2016 69 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Geological Sciences and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2016. Close

• 25. [Article] PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ENDOCRINE ANTECEDENTS OF RESPONSES TO SOCIAL-EVALUATIVE STRESS

  Stress often precedes the onset of physical and mental health disorders, leading to costly and extended disability and even increased risk for death. I investigate psychosocial and endocrine precursors ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ENDOCRINE ANTECEDENTS OF RESPONSES TO SOCIAL-EVALUATIVE STRESS Author: Knight, Erik Year: 2017 Stress often precedes the onset of physical and mental health disorders, leading to costly and extended disability and even increased risk for death. I investigate psychosocial and endocrine precursors to stress responses, specifically examining the causal effects of status-relevant factors that modulate endocrine, affective, and behavioral responses to social-evaluative stressors. For example, while high social status reduces stress responses in numerous species, this stress-buffering effect of status may dissipate or even reverse during times of hierarchical instability. Similarly, some research links testosterone to reduced stress system activity, but correlational research indicates that higher testosterone is related to increased stress responses in threatening social situations. In each case, the causal influence of these psychosocial (status and hierarchy stability) and endocrine (testosterone) antecedents to stress responses was unclear. Results from this work (Chapter 2) reveal that high status in a stable hierarchy buffered stress responses and improved behavioral responses to the stressor, but high status in an unstable hierarchy boosted stress responses and did not lead to better performance. This general pattern of effects was observed across endocrine (cortisol and testosterone), psychological (feeling in control), and behavioral (competence, dominance, and warmth) responses to the stressor. Further (Chapters 4 & 6), exogenous testosterone treatment caused increased motivated persistence – which can help persevere through stressful encounters – but, once exposed to a stressor, testosterone caused increased cortisol reactivity, increased negative affect, and decreased motivation in response to social-evaluative stress, especially for individuals high in trait dominance. This work provides evidence of the causal effects of psychosocial and endocrine factors on stress responses and demonstrates the importance of considering these status-relevant precursors when investigating stress within social contexts. Title: PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ENDOCRINE ANTECEDENTS OF RESPONSES TO SOCIAL-EVALUATIVE STRESS Author: Knight, Erik Year: 2017 Stress often precedes the onset of physical and mental health disorders, leading to costly and extended disability and even increased risk for death. I investigate psychosocial and endocrine precursors to stress responses, specifically examining the causal effects of status-relevant factors that modulate endocrine, affective, and behavioral responses to social-evaluative stressors. For example, while high social status reduces stress responses in numerous species, this stress-buffering effect of status may dissipate or even reverse during times of hierarchical instability. Similarly, some research links testosterone to reduced stress system activity, but correlational research indicates that higher testosterone is related to increased stress responses in threatening social situations. In each case, the causal influence of these psychosocial (status and hierarchy stability) and endocrine (testosterone) antecedents to stress responses was unclear. Results from this work (Chapter 2) reveal that high status in a stable hierarchy buffered stress responses and improved behavioral responses to the stressor, but high status in an unstable hierarchy boosted stress responses and did not lead to better performance. This general pattern of effects was observed across endocrine (cortisol and testosterone), psychological (feeling in control), and behavioral (competence, dominance, and warmth) responses to the stressor. Further (Chapters 4 & 6), exogenous testosterone treatment caused increased motivated persistence – which can help persevere through stressful encounters – but, once exposed to a stressor, testosterone caused increased cortisol reactivity, increased negative affect, and decreased motivation in response to social-evaluative stress, especially for individuals high in trait dominance. This work provides evidence of the causal effects of psychosocial and endocrine factors on stress responses and demonstrates the importance of considering these status-relevant precursors when investigating stress within social contexts. Close

• 26. [Article] Open Space as an Armature for Urban Expansion: A Future Scenarios Study to Assess the Effects of Spatial Concepts on Wildlife Populations

  Urbanization is one of the biggest threats to biodiversity. To address this problem, landscape planners have increasingly adopted landscape ecology as a theoretical basis for planning. They use spatial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Open Space as an Armature for Urban Expansion: A Future Scenarios Study to Assess the Effects of Spatial Concepts on Wildlife Populations Author: Penteado, Homero Year: 2014 Urbanization is one of the biggest threats to biodiversity. To address this problem, landscape planners have increasingly adopted landscape ecology as a theoretical basis for planning. They use spatial concepts that express principles of landscape ecology in diagrammatic form to create frameworks for planning. This dissertation presents a quantitative approach to evaluate the application of spatial concepts developed to create an armature of open space in areas subject to urbanization. It focuses on the predicted urban expansion of Damascus, Oregon, as a case study. An alternative futures study was used to test three open space spatial concepts for patches, corridors and networks in combination with compact and dispersed urban development patterns. The resulting eight scenarios of land use and land cover were then modeled for the year 2060 to evaluate their effects on habitat quantity, quality and configuration and to identify tradeoffs between urban development and conservation for three focal wildlife species: Red-legged frog, Western meadowlark, and Douglas squirrel. Open space spatial concepts strongly influenced habitat quantity and quality differences among future scenarios. Development patterns showed less influence on those variables. Scenarios with no landscape ecological spatial concept provided the most land for urban development but reduced habitat quantity and quality. Greenway scenarios showed habitat increases but failed to provide sufficient habitat for Western meadowlark. Park system scenarios showed habitat increases, but high-quality habitats for Western meadowlark and Red-legged frog decreased. Network scenarios presented the best overall amount of habitats and high-quality habitats for the three species but constrained urban development options. Next, I used an individual-based wildlife model, HexSim, to simulate the effects of habitat configuration and to compare and contrast resulting wildlife population sizes among the eight future scenarios with the ca. 2010 baseline landscape. Network scenarios supported the largest number of Red-legged frog breeders. Park scenarios performed best for meadowlarks, while greenway scenarios showed the largest populations of squirrels. Four of the eight scenarios sustained viable populations of Western meadowlarks. Compact development scenarios performed best for most indicators, but dispersed development scenarios performed better for Western meadowlarks. This dissertation includes both previously published and unpublished material. Title: Open Space as an Armature for Urban Expansion: A Future Scenarios Study to Assess the Effects of Spatial Concepts on Wildlife Populations Author: Penteado, Homero Year: 2014 Urbanization is one of the biggest threats to biodiversity. To address this problem, landscape planners have increasingly adopted landscape ecology as a theoretical basis for planning. They use spatial concepts that express principles of landscape ecology in diagrammatic form to create frameworks for planning. This dissertation presents a quantitative approach to evaluate the application of spatial concepts developed to create an armature of open space in areas subject to urbanization. It focuses on the predicted urban expansion of Damascus, Oregon, as a case study. An alternative futures study was used to test three open space spatial concepts for patches, corridors and networks in combination with compact and dispersed urban development patterns. The resulting eight scenarios of land use and land cover were then modeled for the year 2060 to evaluate their effects on habitat quantity, quality and configuration and to identify tradeoffs between urban development and conservation for three focal wildlife species: Red-legged frog, Western meadowlark, and Douglas squirrel. Open space spatial concepts strongly influenced habitat quantity and quality differences among future scenarios. Development patterns showed less influence on those variables. Scenarios with no landscape ecological spatial concept provided the most land for urban development but reduced habitat quantity and quality. Greenway scenarios showed habitat increases but failed to provide sufficient habitat for Western meadowlark. Park system scenarios showed habitat increases, but high-quality habitats for Western meadowlark and Red-legged frog decreased. Network scenarios presented the best overall amount of habitats and high-quality habitats for the three species but constrained urban development options. Next, I used an individual-based wildlife model, HexSim, to simulate the effects of habitat configuration and to compare and contrast resulting wildlife population sizes among the eight future scenarios with the ca. 2010 baseline landscape. Network scenarios supported the largest number of Red-legged frog breeders. Park scenarios performed best for meadowlarks, while greenway scenarios showed the largest populations of squirrels. Four of the eight scenarios sustained viable populations of Western meadowlarks. Compact development scenarios performed best for most indicators, but dispersed development scenarios performed better for Western meadowlarks. This dissertation includes both previously published and unpublished material. Close

• 27. [Article] Population biology and reproductive ecology of Chlorostoma (Tegula) funebralis, an intertidal gastropod

  xv, 99 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Population biology and reproductive ecology of Chlorostoma (Tegula) funebralis, an intertidal gastropod Author: Cooper, Erin Elaine, 1981- Year: 2010 xv, 99 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Title: Population biology and reproductive ecology of Chlorostoma (Tegula) funebralis, an intertidal gastropod Author: Cooper, Erin Elaine, 1981- Year: 2010 xv, 99 p. : ill. (some col.) A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Close

• 28. [Article] A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Simulating the Geomorphic Response of River Systems to Climate Change

  Anthropogenic climate change significantly affects water resources. River flows in mountainous regions are driven by snowmelt and are therefore highly sensitive to increases in temperature resulting from ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Simulating the Geomorphic Response of River Systems to Climate Change Author: Praskievicz, Sarah Year: 2014 Anthropogenic climate change significantly affects water resources. River flows in mountainous regions are driven by snowmelt and are therefore highly sensitive to increases in temperature resulting from climate change. Climate-driven hydrological changes are potentially significant for the fluvial geomorphology of river systems. In unchanging climatic and tectonic conditions, a river's morphology will develop in equilibrium with inputs of water and sediment, but climate change represents a potential forcing on these variables that may push the system into disequilibrium and cause significant changes in river morphology. Geomorphic factors, such as channel geometry, planform, and sediment transport, are major determinants of the value of river systems, including their suitability for threatened and endangered species and for human uses of water. This dissertation research uses a hierarchical modeling approach to investigate potential impacts of anthropogenic climate change on river morphology in the interior Pacific Northwest. The research will address the following theoretical and methodological objectives: 1) Develop downscaled climate change scenarios, based on regional climate-model output, including changes in daily minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation. 2) Estimate how climate change scenarios affect river discharge and suspended-sediment load, using a basin-scale hydrologic model. 3) Examine potential impacts of climate-driven hydrologic changes on stream power and shear stress, bedload sediment transport, and river morphology, including channel geometry and planform. The downscaling approach, based on empirically-estimated local topographic lapse rates, produces high-resolution climate grids with positive forecast skill. The hydrologic modeling results indicate that projected climate change in the study rivers will change the annual cycle of hydrology, with increased winter discharge, a decrease in the magnitude of the spring snowmelt peak, and decreased summer discharge. Geomorphic modeling results suggest that changes in reach-averaged bedload transport are highly sensitive to likely changes in the recurrence interval of the critical discharge needed to mobilize bed sediments. This dissertation research makes an original contribution to the climate-change impacts literature by linking Earth processes across a wide range of spatial scales to project changes in river systems that may be significant for management of these systems for societal and ecological benefits. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material. Title: A Hierarchical Modeling Approach to Simulating the Geomorphic Response of River Systems to Climate Change Author: Praskievicz, Sarah Year: 2014 Anthropogenic climate change significantly affects water resources. River flows in mountainous regions are driven by snowmelt and are therefore highly sensitive to increases in temperature resulting from climate change. Climate-driven hydrological changes are potentially significant for the fluvial geomorphology of river systems. In unchanging climatic and tectonic conditions, a river's morphology will develop in equilibrium with inputs of water and sediment, but climate change represents a potential forcing on these variables that may push the system into disequilibrium and cause significant changes in river morphology. Geomorphic factors, such as channel geometry, planform, and sediment transport, are major determinants of the value of river systems, including their suitability for threatened and endangered species and for human uses of water. This dissertation research uses a hierarchical modeling approach to investigate potential impacts of anthropogenic climate change on river morphology in the interior Pacific Northwest. The research will address the following theoretical and methodological objectives: 1) Develop downscaled climate change scenarios, based on regional climate-model output, including changes in daily minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation. 2) Estimate how climate change scenarios affect river discharge and suspended-sediment load, using a basin-scale hydrologic model. 3) Examine potential impacts of climate-driven hydrologic changes on stream power and shear stress, bedload sediment transport, and river morphology, including channel geometry and planform. The downscaling approach, based on empirically-estimated local topographic lapse rates, produces high-resolution climate grids with positive forecast skill. The hydrologic modeling results indicate that projected climate change in the study rivers will change the annual cycle of hydrology, with increased winter discharge, a decrease in the magnitude of the spring snowmelt peak, and decreased summer discharge. Geomorphic modeling results suggest that changes in reach-averaged bedload transport are highly sensitive to likely changes in the recurrence interval of the critical discharge needed to mobilize bed sediments. This dissertation research makes an original contribution to the climate-change impacts literature by linking Earth processes across a wide range of spatial scales to project changes in river systems that may be significant for management of these systems for societal and ecological benefits. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 29. [Article] The Taphonomy of Archaeological Fish Remains: Experimental Approaches to Understanding the Effects of Natural and Cultural Processes on the Presence and Identification of Cut Marks

  Despite the fact that fish are a common component of coastal and other aquatic archaeological sites, fish bone taphonomy--including bone surface modifications and the effects of burial--remains woefully ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Taphonomy of Archaeological Fish Remains: Experimental Approaches to Understanding the Effects of Natural and Cultural Processes on the Presence and Identification of Cut Marks Author: Willis, Lauren Year: 2014 Despite the fact that fish are a common component of coastal and other aquatic archaeological sites, fish bone taphonomy--including bone surface modifications and the effects of burial--remains woefully understudied. Various ethnographic accounts describe fish butchering techniques for immediate consumption and drying, yet cut marks are rarely reported on archaeological fish remains. To address a significant gap in our understanding of fish taphonomy, I devised an experimental research program aimed at assessing whether butchering fish produces cut marks on fish bones and, if so, what factors might account for the discrepancy between the experimental results and the archaeological record. Chapter I provides an introduction to experimental archaeology, including the criticisms and benefits of this approach. Chapter II presents the results of my initial butchery experiment, which establishes that butchering fish can produce abundant cut marks. Chapter III evaluates the effect of the butcher's skill level on the number and distribution of cut marks produced on fish bone during butchery. The results indicate that professional butchers produce nearly 50 percent fewer cut marks than novice- and intermediate-level butchers. Chapter IV addresses the effect of post-depositional taphonomic processes on the long-term visibility of cut marks. Despite a relatively short burial period (27 months), visible cut marks decreased by up to 75 percent, depending on the species. Chapter V is a re-analysis of the fish bone from column E6 at Daisy Cave (CA-SMI-261). Appling the referential framework I acquired through the experiments, I identified 62 cut marks on bones dating from the Early to Late Holocene. A comprehensive understanding of aquatic resource use has implications for a broad range of archaeological topics, including our understanding of hominid diet and resource use; identifying butchery and processing practices among fishing peoples; distinguishing between human and natural agency in the accumulation of fish remains; and assessing questions of behavioral modernity and social complexity. As we continue to recognize the primacy of coastal adaptations throughout human history, it is increasingly critical to expand the breadth of our knowledge regarding the taphonomy of fish remains at archaeological sites. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material. Title: The Taphonomy of Archaeological Fish Remains: Experimental Approaches to Understanding the Effects of Natural and Cultural Processes on the Presence and Identification of Cut Marks Author: Willis, Lauren Year: 2014 Despite the fact that fish are a common component of coastal and other aquatic archaeological sites, fish bone taphonomy--including bone surface modifications and the effects of burial--remains woefully understudied. Various ethnographic accounts describe fish butchering techniques for immediate consumption and drying, yet cut marks are rarely reported on archaeological fish remains. To address a significant gap in our understanding of fish taphonomy, I devised an experimental research program aimed at assessing whether butchering fish produces cut marks on fish bones and, if so, what factors might account for the discrepancy between the experimental results and the archaeological record. Chapter I provides an introduction to experimental archaeology, including the criticisms and benefits of this approach. Chapter II presents the results of my initial butchery experiment, which establishes that butchering fish can produce abundant cut marks. Chapter III evaluates the effect of the butcher's skill level on the number and distribution of cut marks produced on fish bone during butchery. The results indicate that professional butchers produce nearly 50 percent fewer cut marks than novice- and intermediate-level butchers. Chapter IV addresses the effect of post-depositional taphonomic processes on the long-term visibility of cut marks. Despite a relatively short burial period (27 months), visible cut marks decreased by up to 75 percent, depending on the species. Chapter V is a re-analysis of the fish bone from column E6 at Daisy Cave (CA-SMI-261). Appling the referential framework I acquired through the experiments, I identified 62 cut marks on bones dating from the Early to Late Holocene. A comprehensive understanding of aquatic resource use has implications for a broad range of archaeological topics, including our understanding of hominid diet and resource use; identifying butchery and processing practices among fishing peoples; distinguishing between human and natural agency in the accumulation of fish remains; and assessing questions of behavioral modernity and social complexity. As we continue to recognize the primacy of coastal adaptations throughout human history, it is increasingly critical to expand the breadth of our knowledge regarding the taphonomy of fish remains at archaeological sites. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 30. [Article] THE VERTEBRATE FAUNAS OF THE PLIOCENE RINGOLD FORMATION, SOUTH-CENTRAL WASHINGTON

  72 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: THE VERTEBRATE FAUNAS OF THE PLIOCENE RINGOLD FORMATION, SOUTH-CENTRAL WASHINGTON Author: GUSTAFSON, ERIC PAUL Year: 2016, 1978 72 pages Title: THE VERTEBRATE FAUNAS OF THE PLIOCENE RINGOLD FORMATION, SOUTH-CENTRAL WASHINGTON Author: GUSTAFSON, ERIC PAUL Year: 2016, 1978 72 pages Close

• 31. [Article] Physical Oceanography, Larval Dispersal, and Settlement Across Nearshore Fronts

  The larvae of coastal species interact with nearshore currents that are complex and can alter dispersal. I investigated two sites in southern Oregon with different nearshore hydrodynamics: the first site, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Physical Oceanography, Larval Dispersal, and Settlement Across Nearshore Fronts Author: Jarvis, Marley Year: 2015 The larvae of coastal species interact with nearshore currents that are complex and can alter dispersal. I investigated two sites in southern Oregon with different nearshore hydrodynamics: the first site, Sunset Bay, is a small cove with a topographic front that extends across the mouth during upwelling-favorable winds. Using holey sock drogues at 1.5 m and 5.5 m depths and surface drifters at 10 cm depth, I found that, when the front was present, water at 1.5 m was retained within the bay whereas water was exchanged across the front at a depth of 5.5 m. Surface drifters indicated a surface convergence. Surface plankton tows on either side and within the frontal convergence (a shore-parallel foam line) found significantly higher concentrations of barnacle cyprids, crab megalopae and zoea, polychaete larvae, platyhelminthes juveniles, isopods, amphipods, harpacticoid copepods, and fish eggs. Crustacean nauplii (barnacle, euphausiid, and copepod) and calanoid copepods were not concentrated in the convergence, and when the front and foam line were absent, no taxa were concentrated. Plankton tows taken within the foam line as it dissipated shoreward during a wind-reversal event found that concentrations of cyprids, megalopae, and gastropod veligers remained high as the foam line moved, suggesting that it acts as a moving convergence propagating competent larvae shoreward. I measured settlement of two taxa at Sunset Bay and Shore Acres, an open-coast site <2 km away. Barnacle settlement measured every other day from June-September 2013 was significantly cross-correlated with the maximum daily tidal height at lags of -2 days at Sunset Bay and +2 and +4 days at Shore Acres. Settlement was also significantly negatively cross-correlated with wave height at a lag of -4 days at Sunset Bay. Coralline algae settlement measured during eight 48-hr periods in July-August 2013 was significantly negatively correlated with wave height (n = 8, R2 = 0.76, P = 0.0049) at Shore Acres but not at Sunset Bay. Despite the close proximity of the Sunset Bay and Shore Acres sites, settlement patterns differed between taxa, suggesting that differences in nearshore hydrodynamics might affect the supply of water and larvae to shore. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material. Title: Physical Oceanography, Larval Dispersal, and Settlement Across Nearshore Fronts Author: Jarvis, Marley Year: 2015 The larvae of coastal species interact with nearshore currents that are complex and can alter dispersal. I investigated two sites in southern Oregon with different nearshore hydrodynamics: the first site, Sunset Bay, is a small cove with a topographic front that extends across the mouth during upwelling-favorable winds. Using holey sock drogues at 1.5 m and 5.5 m depths and surface drifters at 10 cm depth, I found that, when the front was present, water at 1.5 m was retained within the bay whereas water was exchanged across the front at a depth of 5.5 m. Surface drifters indicated a surface convergence. Surface plankton tows on either side and within the frontal convergence (a shore-parallel foam line) found significantly higher concentrations of barnacle cyprids, crab megalopae and zoea, polychaete larvae, platyhelminthes juveniles, isopods, amphipods, harpacticoid copepods, and fish eggs. Crustacean nauplii (barnacle, euphausiid, and copepod) and calanoid copepods were not concentrated in the convergence, and when the front and foam line were absent, no taxa were concentrated. Plankton tows taken within the foam line as it dissipated shoreward during a wind-reversal event found that concentrations of cyprids, megalopae, and gastropod veligers remained high as the foam line moved, suggesting that it acts as a moving convergence propagating competent larvae shoreward. I measured settlement of two taxa at Sunset Bay and Shore Acres, an open-coast site <2 km away. Barnacle settlement measured every other day from June-September 2013 was significantly cross-correlated with the maximum daily tidal height at lags of -2 days at Sunset Bay and +2 and +4 days at Shore Acres. Settlement was also significantly negatively cross-correlated with wave height at a lag of -4 days at Sunset Bay. Coralline algae settlement measured during eight 48-hr periods in July-August 2013 was significantly negatively correlated with wave height (n = 8, R2 = 0.76, P = 0.0049) at Shore Acres but not at Sunset Bay. Despite the close proximity of the Sunset Bay and Shore Acres sites, settlement patterns differed between taxa, suggesting that differences in nearshore hydrodynamics might affect the supply of water and larvae to shore. This dissertation includes unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 32. [Article] THE ROLE OF CHROMODOMAIN PROTEIN 1 (CDP-1) AT NEUROSPORA CRASSA HETEROCHROMATIN

  36 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: THE ROLE OF CHROMODOMAIN PROTEIN 1 (CDP-1) AT NEUROSPORA CRASSA HETEROCHROMATIN Author: Kim, Carissa Year: 2016 36 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2016. Title: THE ROLE OF CHROMODOMAIN PROTEIN 1 (CDP-1) AT NEUROSPORA CRASSA HETEROCHROMATIN Author: Kim, Carissa Year: 2016 36 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Biology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2016. Close