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• 1. [Article] Risk to Maintenance-Dependent Species from Orthodoxy in Species-Based Land-Use Regulation

  270 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Risk to Maintenance-Dependent Species from Orthodoxy in Species-Based Land-Use Regulation Author: Novick, Adam Year: 2013 270 pages Title: Risk to Maintenance-Dependent Species from Orthodoxy in Species-Based Land-Use Regulation Author: Novick, Adam Year: 2013 270 pages Close

• 2. [Article] Perceptions of ecological risk from natural hazards

  38 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Perceptions of ecological risk from natural hazards Author: Axelrod, Lawrence J., McDaniels, Timothy, Slovic, Paul Year: 2017, 1999 38 pages Title: Perceptions of ecological risk from natural hazards Author: Axelrod, Lawrence J., McDaniels, Timothy, Slovic, Paul Year: 2017, 1999 38 pages Close

• 3. [Article] Characterizing perception of ecological risk

  35 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Characterizing perception of ecological risk Author: McDaniels, Timothy, Axelrod, Lawrence J., Slovic, Paul Year: 2017, 1995 35 pages Title: Characterizing perception of ecological risk Author: McDaniels, Timothy, Axelrod, Lawrence J., Slovic, Paul Year: 2017, 1995 35 pages Close

• 4. [Article] Review of Human Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Contaminants in Four Fish Species From the Middle Willamette River, Oregon

  2 p. Review produced for HC 441: Science Colloquium: Willamette River Environmental Health, Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon, Spring term, 2004.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Review of Human Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Contaminants in Four Fish Species From the Middle Willamette River, Oregon Author: Miller, Jessica Adele, 1967-, E.V.S. Consultants, Oregon. Dept. of Environmental Quality Year: 2006, 2004 2 p. Review produced for HC 441: Science Colloquium: Willamette River Environmental Health, Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon, Spring term, 2004. Title: Review of Human Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Contaminants in Four Fish Species From the Middle Willamette River, Oregon Author: Miller, Jessica Adele, 1967-, E.V.S. Consultants, Oregon. Dept. of Environmental Quality Year: 2006, 2004 2 p. Review produced for HC 441: Science Colloquium: Willamette River Environmental Health, Robert D. Clark Honors College, University of Oregon, Spring term, 2004. Close

• 5. [Article] The impact hazard.

  48 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The impact hazard. Author: Morrison, David, Chapman, Clark R., Slovic, Paul Year: 2017, 1994 48 pages Title: The impact hazard. Author: Morrison, David, Chapman, Clark R., Slovic, Paul Year: 2017, 1994 48 pages Close

• 6. [Article] Enslaved to the Species: The Confluence of Animality, Immanence, and the Female Body in Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex

  ix, 105 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Enslaved to the Species: The Confluence of Animality, Immanence, and the Female Body in Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex Author: Brown, Lori Jean, 1968- Year: 2009, 2008 ix, 105 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Title: Enslaved to the Species: The Confluence of Animality, Immanence, and the Female Body in Simone de Beauvoir's The Second Sex Author: Brown, Lori Jean, 1968- Year: 2009, 2008 ix, 105 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Close

• 7. [Article] Umatilla and Meacham ecosystem analysis and Upland forest vegetation analysis: Umatilla and Meacham watersheds

  296 pp. Tables, figures, references, maps, glossary, appendices. "The Umatilla-Meacham ecosystem analysis area is located on the Walla Walla Ranger District of the Umatilla National Forest. The analysis ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Umatilla and Meacham ecosystem analysis and Upland forest vegetation analysis: Umatilla and Meacham watersheds Author: Umatilla National Forest (Agency : U.S.), Powell, David C. Year: 2008, 2001 296 pp. Tables, figures, references, maps, glossary, appendices. "The Umatilla-Meacham ecosystem analysis area is located on the Walla Walla Ranger District of the Umatilla National Forest. The analysis area lies on the west flank of the Blue Mountains in the headwaters of the Umatilla River subbasin (HUC #17070103), about 25 miles east of Pendleton, Oregon (Figure 1-1). Together, the two watersheds (Umatilla and Meacham) amount to about 200,700 acres, or about 313.5 square miles in area. About 70 percent of the analysis area is National Forest land (Figure 1-2)." Date of Upland forest vegetation analysis is October 1994. Captured June 18, 2008. Title: Umatilla and Meacham ecosystem analysis and Upland forest vegetation analysis: Umatilla and Meacham watersheds Author: Umatilla National Forest (Agency : U.S.), Powell, David C. Year: 2008, 2001 296 pp. Tables, figures, references, maps, glossary, appendices. "The Umatilla-Meacham ecosystem analysis area is located on the Walla Walla Ranger District of the Umatilla National Forest. The analysis area lies on the west flank of the Blue Mountains in the headwaters of the Umatilla River subbasin (HUC #17070103), about 25 miles east of Pendleton, Oregon (Figure 1-1). Together, the two watersheds (Umatilla and Meacham) amount to about 200,700 acres, or about 313.5 square miles in area. About 70 percent of the analysis area is National Forest land (Figure 1-2)." Date of Upland forest vegetation analysis is October 1994. Captured June 18, 2008. Close

• 8. [Article] Cultus Mountain Sheridan Mountain late-successional reserve assessment

  305 pp. Tables, maps, figures, references, illus. Cultus Mountain LSR (18,000 acres) and Sheridan Mountain LSR (31,030 acres) are located in the western portion of the Bend-Fort Rock Ranger District, approximately ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Cultus Mountain Sheridan Mountain late-successional reserve assessment Author: Bend-Fort Rock Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 1996 305 pp. Tables, maps, figures, references, illus. Cultus Mountain LSR (18,000 acres) and Sheridan Mountain LSR (31,030 acres) are located in the western portion of the Bend-Fort Rock Ranger District, approximately 26 miles and 18 miles respectively southwest of Bend, in the Eastern Oregon Physiographic Province. Captured May 15, 2007. Title: Cultus Mountain Sheridan Mountain late-successional reserve assessment Author: Bend-Fort Rock Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 1996 305 pp. Tables, maps, figures, references, illus. Cultus Mountain LSR (18,000 acres) and Sheridan Mountain LSR (31,030 acres) are located in the western portion of the Bend-Fort Rock Ranger District, approximately 26 miles and 18 miles respectively southwest of Bend, in the Eastern Oregon Physiographic Province. Captured May 15, 2007. Close

• 9. [Article] Davis late-successional reserve assessment

  424 pp. Tables, maps, figures, appendix, references, glossary. The Reserve lies on 48,890 acres located east of the Oregon Cascade Crest in the Crescent Ranger District. Captured May 14, 2007.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Davis late-successional reserve assessment Author: Crescent Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 1995 424 pp. Tables, maps, figures, appendix, references, glossary. The Reserve lies on 48,890 acres located east of the Oregon Cascade Crest in the Crescent Ranger District. Captured May 14, 2007. Title: Davis late-successional reserve assessment Author: Crescent Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 1995 424 pp. Tables, maps, figures, appendix, references, glossary. The Reserve lies on 48,890 acres located east of the Oregon Cascade Crest in the Crescent Ranger District. Captured May 14, 2007. Close

• 10. [Article] Martin Creek instream restoration decision documentation

  4 pp. Portions of the stream reach in Section 35, T. 31 S., R. 7 W. and Section 2, T. 32 S., R. 7 W. are located on lands owned and managed by Roseburg Resources Company. The remainder of the reach to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Martin Creek instream restoration decision documentation Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Roseburg District Office Year: 2008, 2004 4 pp. Portions of the stream reach in Section 35, T. 31 S., R. 7 W. and Section 2, T. 32 S., R. 7 W. are located on lands owned and managed by Roseburg Resources Company. The remainder of the reach to be treated is located on BLM-managed lands in Section 35, T. 31 S, R. 7 W. and Section 1, T. 32 S., R. 7 W., W.M. Captured July 24, 2007. Title: Martin Creek instream restoration decision documentation Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Roseburg District Office Year: 2008, 2004 4 pp. Portions of the stream reach in Section 35, T. 31 S., R. 7 W. and Section 2, T. 32 S., R. 7 W. are located on lands owned and managed by Roseburg Resources Company. The remainder of the reach to be treated is located on BLM-managed lands in Section 35, T. 31 S, R. 7 W. and Section 1, T. 32 S., R. 7 W., W.M. Captured July 24, 2007. Close

• 11. [Article] Supplement to the Marys River Watershed preliminary analysis

  98 pp. Tables, figures, maps, references, appendices. "12,030 acres of land .... about 15 miles west of Corvallis .... cover(ing) a portion of Greasy Creek (10,284 acres), a portion of Tumtum River (1,075 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Supplement to the Marys River Watershed preliminary analysis Author: Siuslaw National Forest (Agency : U.S.) Year: 2008, 2005 98 pp. Tables, figures, maps, references, appendices. "12,030 acres of land .... about 15 miles west of Corvallis .... cover(ing) a portion of Greasy Creek (10,284 acres), a portion of Tumtum River (1,075 acres) and a portion of Middle Marys River (669 acres) 6th field watersheds." Captured February 12, 2008. Title: Supplement to the Marys River Watershed preliminary analysis Author: Siuslaw National Forest (Agency : U.S.) Year: 2008, 2005 98 pp. Tables, figures, maps, references, appendices. "12,030 acres of land .... about 15 miles west of Corvallis .... cover(ing) a portion of Greasy Creek (10,284 acres), a portion of Tumtum River (1,075 acres) and a portion of Middle Marys River (669 acres) 6th field watersheds." Captured February 12, 2008. Close

• 12. [Article] Cache late successional reserve: LSR assessment

  271 pp. Tables, maps, appendices. The Reserve comprises the north half of the Cache/Trout LSR, encompassing 17,145 acres within the Eastern Oregon Cascade Physiographic Province, northwest of Sisters. Captured ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Cache late successional reserve: LSR assessment Author: Sisters Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2000 271 pp. Tables, maps, appendices. The Reserve comprises the north half of the Cache/Trout LSR, encompassing 17,145 acres within the Eastern Oregon Cascade Physiographic Province, northwest of Sisters. Captured May 14, 2007. Title: Cache late successional reserve: LSR assessment Author: Sisters Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2000 271 pp. Tables, maps, appendices. The Reserve comprises the north half of the Cache/Trout LSR, encompassing 17,145 acres within the Eastern Oregon Cascade Physiographic Province, northwest of Sisters. Captured May 14, 2007. Close

• 13. [Article] Green building: saving salmon, the environment, and money on the path to sustainability opportunities for the Pacific Northwest

  25 p.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Green building: saving salmon, the environment, and money on the path to sustainability opportunities for the Pacific Northwest Author: Ebenhoh, Jim, Niemi, Ernest G., Tapogna, John, Whitelaw, Ed Year: 2006, 2000 25 p. Title: Green building: saving salmon, the environment, and money on the path to sustainability opportunities for the Pacific Northwest Author: Ebenhoh, Jim, Niemi, Ernest G., Tapogna, John, Whitelaw, Ed Year: 2006, 2000 25 p. Close

• 14. [Article] Essays in Environmental and Public Economics

  Benefit-cost analysis of environmental policies typically focuses on benefits to human health and well-being. When it comes to humans' willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in the quality of life for ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Essays in Environmental and Public Economics Author: Vander Naald, Brian Year: 2012 Benefit-cost analysis of environmental policies typically focuses on benefits to human health and well-being. When it comes to humans' willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in the quality of life for other species, however, the evidence is limited. We argue that the other-species morbidity-reduction component of WTP should be calculated net of any "outrage" component associated with the cause of the harm. This net WTP is likely to be correlated with the premium that people are willing to pay for chicken products from birds for which the quality of life has been enhanced by improved animal welfare measures. This paper uses a conjoint choice stated preference survey to reveal the nature of systematic heterogeneity in preferences for "humanely raised" versus "conventionally raised" chicken. We also use latent class analysis to distinguish between two classes of people - those who are willing to pay a premium for humanely raised chicken and those who are not. Proposition 21 on California's 2010 ballot concerned an $18 annual surcharge on vehicles to support state parks. Prop 21 failed, implying 25% of these parks risk closure. Voting patterns at the Census tract level depend on gross price, incomes, age profiles, political ideology, environmental preferences, the availability of local substitutes, and park salience. We simulate counterfactual scenarios under which Prop 21 might have passed and use county-level hold-out samples to illustrate the predictive ability of our model. The California Air Resources Board is slowly phasing out perchloroethylene as the main input in dry cleaning operations in the state. Exploiting differential implementation of this regulation between SCAQMD (South Coast Air Quality Management District) and the rest of the state, we examine the effect of this regulation on the propensity for dry cleaning businesses to exit the industry. We find that regulation has encouraged early exit from the industry in some cases. We also find that regulation decreased ambient concentrations of perchloroethylene in the atmosphere. This dissertation contains both published and unpublished co-authored material. It also contains an appendix for chapter II as a supplemental file. Title: Essays in Environmental and Public Economics Author: Vander Naald, Brian Year: 2012 Benefit-cost analysis of environmental policies typically focuses on benefits to human health and well-being. When it comes to humans' willingness to pay (WTP) for improvements in the quality of life for other species, however, the evidence is limited. We argue that the other-species morbidity-reduction component of WTP should be calculated net of any "outrage" component associated with the cause of the harm. This net WTP is likely to be correlated with the premium that people are willing to pay for chicken products from birds for which the quality of life has been enhanced by improved animal welfare measures. This paper uses a conjoint choice stated preference survey to reveal the nature of systematic heterogeneity in preferences for "humanely raised" versus "conventionally raised" chicken. We also use latent class analysis to distinguish between two classes of people - those who are willing to pay a premium for humanely raised chicken and those who are not. Proposition 21 on California's 2010 ballot concerned an $18 annual surcharge on vehicles to support state parks. Prop 21 failed, implying 25% of these parks risk closure. Voting patterns at the Census tract level depend on gross price, incomes, age profiles, political ideology, environmental preferences, the availability of local substitutes, and park salience. We simulate counterfactual scenarios under which Prop 21 might have passed and use county-level hold-out samples to illustrate the predictive ability of our model. The California Air Resources Board is slowly phasing out perchloroethylene as the main input in dry cleaning operations in the state. Exploiting differential implementation of this regulation between SCAQMD (South Coast Air Quality Management District) and the rest of the state, we examine the effect of this regulation on the propensity for dry cleaning businesses to exit the industry. We find that regulation has encouraged early exit from the industry in some cases. We also find that regulation decreased ambient concentrations of perchloroethylene in the atmosphere. This dissertation contains both published and unpublished co-authored material. It also contains an appendix for chapter II as a supplemental file. Close

• 15. [Article] Tucannon ecosystem analysis

  264 pp. Tables, figures, references, maps, appendices, illus. "The Tucannon River subbasin covers about 322,000 acres of Garfield and Columbia counties. Two major streams drain this subbasin, the Tucannon ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tucannon ecosystem analysis Author: Pomeroy Ranger District (Or. and Wash.) Year: 2008, 2002 264 pp. Tables, figures, references, maps, appendices, illus. "The Tucannon River subbasin covers about 322,000 acres of Garfield and Columbia counties. Two major streams drain this subbasin, the Tucannon River, which flows into the Snake River, and Pataha Creek, which is the largest tributary to the Tucannon River. Other tributaries to the Tucannon River include Willow Creek, Kellogg Creek, Cummings Creek, Little Tucannon River, Panjab Creek, Sheep Creek, and Bear Creek. The upper portion of the Tucannon subbasin, which is the focus of this report, is contained within the Umatilla National Forest." Date of map appendix is August 2002. Captured June 18, 2008. Title: Tucannon ecosystem analysis Author: Pomeroy Ranger District (Or. and Wash.) Year: 2008, 2002 264 pp. Tables, figures, references, maps, appendices, illus. "The Tucannon River subbasin covers about 322,000 acres of Garfield and Columbia counties. Two major streams drain this subbasin, the Tucannon River, which flows into the Snake River, and Pataha Creek, which is the largest tributary to the Tucannon River. Other tributaries to the Tucannon River include Willow Creek, Kellogg Creek, Cummings Creek, Little Tucannon River, Panjab Creek, Sheep Creek, and Bear Creek. The upper portion of the Tucannon subbasin, which is the focus of this report, is contained within the Umatilla National Forest." Date of map appendix is August 2002. Captured June 18, 2008. Close

• 16. [Article] Resveratrol Influence on Lifespan among Caenorhabditis Elegans Genetic Variants & Implications for Personalized Medicine

  46 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Resveratrol Influence on Lifespan among Caenorhabditis Elegans Genetic Variants & Implications for Personalized Medicine Author: Caul, Tela Amber Year: 2017 46 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2017 Title: Resveratrol Influence on Lifespan among Caenorhabditis Elegans Genetic Variants & Implications for Personalized Medicine Author: Caul, Tela Amber Year: 2017 46 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2017 Close

• 17. [Article] PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ENDOCRINE ANTECEDENTS OF RESPONSES TO SOCIAL-EVALUATIVE STRESS

  Stress often precedes the onset of physical and mental health disorders, leading to costly and extended disability and even increased risk for death. I investigate psychosocial and endocrine precursors ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ENDOCRINE ANTECEDENTS OF RESPONSES TO SOCIAL-EVALUATIVE STRESS Author: Knight, Erik Year: 2017 Stress often precedes the onset of physical and mental health disorders, leading to costly and extended disability and even increased risk for death. I investigate psychosocial and endocrine precursors to stress responses, specifically examining the causal effects of status-relevant factors that modulate endocrine, affective, and behavioral responses to social-evaluative stressors. For example, while high social status reduces stress responses in numerous species, this stress-buffering effect of status may dissipate or even reverse during times of hierarchical instability. Similarly, some research links testosterone to reduced stress system activity, but correlational research indicates that higher testosterone is related to increased stress responses in threatening social situations. In each case, the causal influence of these psychosocial (status and hierarchy stability) and endocrine (testosterone) antecedents to stress responses was unclear. Results from this work (Chapter 2) reveal that high status in a stable hierarchy buffered stress responses and improved behavioral responses to the stressor, but high status in an unstable hierarchy boosted stress responses and did not lead to better performance. This general pattern of effects was observed across endocrine (cortisol and testosterone), psychological (feeling in control), and behavioral (competence, dominance, and warmth) responses to the stressor. Further (Chapters 4 & 6), exogenous testosterone treatment caused increased motivated persistence – which can help persevere through stressful encounters – but, once exposed to a stressor, testosterone caused increased cortisol reactivity, increased negative affect, and decreased motivation in response to social-evaluative stress, especially for individuals high in trait dominance. This work provides evidence of the causal effects of psychosocial and endocrine factors on stress responses and demonstrates the importance of considering these status-relevant precursors when investigating stress within social contexts. Title: PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ENDOCRINE ANTECEDENTS OF RESPONSES TO SOCIAL-EVALUATIVE STRESS Author: Knight, Erik Year: 2017 Stress often precedes the onset of physical and mental health disorders, leading to costly and extended disability and even increased risk for death. I investigate psychosocial and endocrine precursors to stress responses, specifically examining the causal effects of status-relevant factors that modulate endocrine, affective, and behavioral responses to social-evaluative stressors. For example, while high social status reduces stress responses in numerous species, this stress-buffering effect of status may dissipate or even reverse during times of hierarchical instability. Similarly, some research links testosterone to reduced stress system activity, but correlational research indicates that higher testosterone is related to increased stress responses in threatening social situations. In each case, the causal influence of these psychosocial (status and hierarchy stability) and endocrine (testosterone) antecedents to stress responses was unclear. Results from this work (Chapter 2) reveal that high status in a stable hierarchy buffered stress responses and improved behavioral responses to the stressor, but high status in an unstable hierarchy boosted stress responses and did not lead to better performance. This general pattern of effects was observed across endocrine (cortisol and testosterone), psychological (feeling in control), and behavioral (competence, dominance, and warmth) responses to the stressor. Further (Chapters 4 & 6), exogenous testosterone treatment caused increased motivated persistence – which can help persevere through stressful encounters – but, once exposed to a stressor, testosterone caused increased cortisol reactivity, increased negative affect, and decreased motivation in response to social-evaluative stress, especially for individuals high in trait dominance. This work provides evidence of the causal effects of psychosocial and endocrine factors on stress responses and demonstrates the importance of considering these status-relevant precursors when investigating stress within social contexts. Close

• 18. [Article] Seven Buttes return vegetation management project environmental assessment

  154 pp. Tables, figures, references, appendices, glossary. Townships 21, 22, 23, 24 South and Ranges 5 1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9 East. Captured May 24, 2007.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seven Buttes return vegetation management project environmental assessment Author: Crescent Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2001 154 pp. Tables, figures, references, appendices, glossary. Townships 21, 22, 23, 24 South and Ranges 5 1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9 East. Captured May 24, 2007. Title: Seven Buttes return vegetation management project environmental assessment Author: Crescent Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2001 154 pp. Tables, figures, references, appendices, glossary. Townships 21, 22, 23, 24 South and Ranges 5 1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9 East. Captured May 24, 2007. Close

• 19. [Article] Seven Buttes return vegetation managment project part A decision notice and finding of no significant impact

  11 pp. Townships 21, 22, 23, 24 South and Ranges 5 1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9 East. Captured May 24, 2007.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seven Buttes return vegetation managment project part A decision notice and finding of no significant impact Author: Crescent Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2001 11 pp. Townships 21, 22, 23, 24 South and Ranges 5 1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9 East. Captured May 24, 2007. Title: Seven Buttes return vegetation managment project part A decision notice and finding of no significant impact Author: Crescent Ranger District (Or.) Year: 2008, 2001 11 pp. Townships 21, 22, 23, 24 South and Ranges 5 1/2, 6, 7, 8, 9 East. Captured May 24, 2007. Close

• 20. [Article] Investigating the Role of Immunity and Other Selective Pressures on the Assembly of the Gut Microbiota in Zebrafish and Humans

  Over the past few decades, it has become increasingly apparent that host-associated microbial communities play an integral role in the development, physiology, and health of their host organisms. All hosts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investigating the Role of Immunity and Other Selective Pressures on the Assembly of the Gut Microbiota in Zebrafish and Humans Author: Stagaman, Keaton Year: 2016 Over the past few decades, it has become increasingly apparent that host-associated microbial communities play an integral role in the development, physiology, and health of their host organisms. All hosts have evolved mechanisms to filter the microbial taxa that comprise their resident intestinal microbial community, or gut microbiota. Utilizing the zebrafish as a model host organism, we documented the development of the gut microbiota through time, and found a significant shift in the composition of the gut microbiota after the onset of adaptive immunity. This led us to hypothesize that adaptive immunity is an important determinant of gut microbiota composition. We tested this hypothesis using wild type and rag1-/- zebrafish, which lack a functional adaptive immune system. Additionally we tested the robustness of the effects of adaptive immunity to dispersal of microbes between immune-compromised and immune-competent genotypes. We found that adaptive immunity had less of an effect on the composition of the gut microbiota than we expected, although there were intriguing differences in the nature of selection imposed when adaptive immunity was present than when it was absent. Because “westernization”, or market-integration, has been associated with significant changes in the human microbiota and certain health risks, we used similar analyses to those we applied to the zebrafish system to determine whether market-integration alters the filtering effects of inflammation and intestinal helminth parasites on the intestinal microbial community. We found that market-integration increased inter-subject dissimilarity and reduced inter-subject dispersal. Even small changes in the inflammation marker, CRP, were associated with differences in the gut microbiota, but these effects were reduced in the presence of helminth infection, which has been hypothesized to affect the microbiota by reducing inflammation. In total, this dissertation provides evidence for the nature and importance of host filters of the gut microbiota across two vertebrate species, as well as providing a framework for future studies of the effects of such filters on the assembly of the gut microbiota. This dissertation includes previously published, and unpublished, co-authored material. Title: Investigating the Role of Immunity and Other Selective Pressures on the Assembly of the Gut Microbiota in Zebrafish and Humans Author: Stagaman, Keaton Year: 2016 Over the past few decades, it has become increasingly apparent that host-associated microbial communities play an integral role in the development, physiology, and health of their host organisms. All hosts have evolved mechanisms to filter the microbial taxa that comprise their resident intestinal microbial community, or gut microbiota. Utilizing the zebrafish as a model host organism, we documented the development of the gut microbiota through time, and found a significant shift in the composition of the gut microbiota after the onset of adaptive immunity. This led us to hypothesize that adaptive immunity is an important determinant of gut microbiota composition. We tested this hypothesis using wild type and rag1-/- zebrafish, which lack a functional adaptive immune system. Additionally we tested the robustness of the effects of adaptive immunity to dispersal of microbes between immune-compromised and immune-competent genotypes. We found that adaptive immunity had less of an effect on the composition of the gut microbiota than we expected, although there were intriguing differences in the nature of selection imposed when adaptive immunity was present than when it was absent. Because “westernization”, or market-integration, has been associated with significant changes in the human microbiota and certain health risks, we used similar analyses to those we applied to the zebrafish system to determine whether market-integration alters the filtering effects of inflammation and intestinal helminth parasites on the intestinal microbial community. We found that market-integration increased inter-subject dissimilarity and reduced inter-subject dispersal. Even small changes in the inflammation marker, CRP, were associated with differences in the gut microbiota, but these effects were reduced in the presence of helminth infection, which has been hypothesized to affect the microbiota by reducing inflammation. In total, this dissertation provides evidence for the nature and importance of host filters of the gut microbiota across two vertebrate species, as well as providing a framework for future studies of the effects of such filters on the assembly of the gut microbiota. This dissertation includes previously published, and unpublished, co-authored material. Close