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• 41. [Article] Regulatory Elements of Drosophila Non-Muscle Myosin II

  Non-muscle myosin II (NM-II) is present in every cell type and moves actin filaments to provide contraction within the cell. NM-II has a motor domain, a neck domain that binds two light chains, a long ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Regulatory Elements of Drosophila Non-Muscle Myosin II Author: Frei, Ryan Year: 2013 Non-muscle myosin II (NM-II) is present in every cell type and moves actin filaments to provide contraction within the cell. NM-II has a motor domain, a neck domain that binds two light chains, a long coiled-coil tail domain, and a carboxyl-terminal tailpiece. NM-II forms bipolar filaments by associating near the carboxyl-terminus of the tail. It has long been known that both the formation of bipolar filaments and enzymatic activity of the motor domain are regulated by phosphorylation of one of the neck-binding light chains, known as the regulatory light chain (RLC). This phosphorylation causes a large-scale conformational shift of both the motor domains and the tail domain. However, the mechanism of this regulation and the elements that mediate the autoinhibition remain unknown. We have taken a deletional approach to finding the elements necessary for autoinhibition and regulation of filament assembly. We have used salt- dependent pelleting assays, cell culture, and analytical ultracentrifugation to identify two small regions in the IQ motifs of the neck and the carboxyl-terminal tailpiece that are essential for autoinhibition. Another necessary element for autoinhibition is the fold the coiled coil of the tail back on itself by means of hinge domains. We used internal deletions, pelleting assays, and thermal stability assays to identify and characterize the flexible hinge domains within the coiled-coil tail of NM-II. These hinges consist of low-stability regions of coiled coil, and can be stiffened by introducing mutations that cause the sequence to mimic a more ideal coiled coil. By defining these essential elements of autoinhibition, this work paves the way for a mechanistic understanding of the complex regulation of NM-II in the cell. This dissertation contains unpublished co-authored material. Title: Regulatory Elements of Drosophila Non-Muscle Myosin II Author: Frei, Ryan Year: 2013 Non-muscle myosin II (NM-II) is present in every cell type and moves actin filaments to provide contraction within the cell. NM-II has a motor domain, a neck domain that binds two light chains, a long coiled-coil tail domain, and a carboxyl-terminal tailpiece. NM-II forms bipolar filaments by associating near the carboxyl-terminus of the tail. It has long been known that both the formation of bipolar filaments and enzymatic activity of the motor domain are regulated by phosphorylation of one of the neck-binding light chains, known as the regulatory light chain (RLC). This phosphorylation causes a large-scale conformational shift of both the motor domains and the tail domain. However, the mechanism of this regulation and the elements that mediate the autoinhibition remain unknown. We have taken a deletional approach to finding the elements necessary for autoinhibition and regulation of filament assembly. We have used salt- dependent pelleting assays, cell culture, and analytical ultracentrifugation to identify two small regions in the IQ motifs of the neck and the carboxyl-terminal tailpiece that are essential for autoinhibition. Another necessary element for autoinhibition is the fold the coiled coil of the tail back on itself by means of hinge domains. We used internal deletions, pelleting assays, and thermal stability assays to identify and characterize the flexible hinge domains within the coiled-coil tail of NM-II. These hinges consist of low-stability regions of coiled coil, and can be stiffened by introducing mutations that cause the sequence to mimic a more ideal coiled coil. By defining these essential elements of autoinhibition, this work paves the way for a mechanistic understanding of the complex regulation of NM-II in the cell. This dissertation contains unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 42. [Article] Investigation into the Regulation and Function of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in Host-Microbe Interactions

  This dissertation describes our investigation into the regulation and function of the innate immune modulator alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Animal intestine harbors a vast and complex microbial community, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investigation into the Regulation and Function of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in Host-Microbe Interactions Author: Yang, Ye Year: 2013 This dissertation describes our investigation into the regulation and function of the innate immune modulator alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Animal intestine harbors a vast and complex microbial community, the gut microbiota. While resident microbes perform vital functions and confer tremendous benefits on their hosts, they also provide antigens and toxins that provoke host immune responses, which, if uncontrolled, could be detrimental to the host. Our lab previously demonstrated a negative feedback loop mediated by intestinal ALP (ALPI) which promotes immune tolerance to the commensal microbiota in zebrafish. We continue to investigate regulation mechanisms of ALP genes and explore their roles in modulating host-microbe interactions in various models. We have characterized four zebrafish alp genes, and we engineered tools for functional studies of these genes. Phylogenic analyses involving zebrafish alp genes revealed distinct evolution histories of animal ALP genes and implied their diversified functions. We then tested whether the regulation mechanism and the roles of zebrafish alpi were conserved in mice. We found the ALPI gene Akp3 was specifically upregulated by microbiota and played a role in immune education. We demonstrated the contribution of innate immune signaling to animal weight gain induced by high fat diet feeding. Finally, we discovered the positive correlation between neonatal ALPI activity and gestational age, suggesting potential therapeutic value of ALP supplementation for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis development in preterm infants. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material. Title: Investigation into the Regulation and Function of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in Host-Microbe Interactions Author: Yang, Ye Year: 2013 This dissertation describes our investigation into the regulation and function of the innate immune modulator alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Animal intestine harbors a vast and complex microbial community, the gut microbiota. While resident microbes perform vital functions and confer tremendous benefits on their hosts, they also provide antigens and toxins that provoke host immune responses, which, if uncontrolled, could be detrimental to the host. Our lab previously demonstrated a negative feedback loop mediated by intestinal ALP (ALPI) which promotes immune tolerance to the commensal microbiota in zebrafish. We continue to investigate regulation mechanisms of ALP genes and explore their roles in modulating host-microbe interactions in various models. We have characterized four zebrafish alp genes, and we engineered tools for functional studies of these genes. Phylogenic analyses involving zebrafish alp genes revealed distinct evolution histories of animal ALP genes and implied their diversified functions. We then tested whether the regulation mechanism and the roles of zebrafish alpi were conserved in mice. We found the ALPI gene Akp3 was specifically upregulated by microbiota and played a role in immune education. We demonstrated the contribution of innate immune signaling to animal weight gain induced by high fat diet feeding. Finally, we discovered the positive correlation between neonatal ALPI activity and gestational age, suggesting potential therapeutic value of ALP supplementation for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis development in preterm infants. This dissertation includes previously published and unpublished co-authored material. Close

• 43. [Article] The Elephant in the Room

  26 pages

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Elephant in the Room Author: Albert, Troy Benjamin Year: 2016 26 pages Title: The Elephant in the Room Author: Albert, Troy Benjamin Year: 2016 26 pages Close

• 44. [Article] Fairview Notice of Adopted Amendment (2010-07-13)

  45 pp. Adopted 2010-07-13. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fairview Notice of Adopted Amendment (2010-07-13) Author: Fairview Year: 2014, 2010 45 pp. Adopted 2010-07-13. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Fairview Notice of Adopted Amendment (2010-07-13) Author: Fairview Year: 2014, 2010 45 pp. Adopted 2010-07-13. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close

• 45. [Article] Aumsville Notice of Adopted Amendment (2011-03-18)

  19 pp. Adopted 2011-03-18. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aumsville Notice of Adopted Amendment (2011-03-18) Author: Aumsville (Or.) Year: 2014, 2011 19 pp. Adopted 2011-03-18. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Aumsville Notice of Adopted Amendment (2011-03-18) Author: Aumsville (Or.) Year: 2014, 2011 19 pp. Adopted 2011-03-18. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close

• 46. [Article] Bend Notice of Adopted Amendment (2011-05-05)

  47 pp. Adopted 2011-05-05. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bend Notice of Adopted Amendment (2011-05-05) Author: Bend Year: 2014, 2011 47 pp. Adopted 2011-05-05. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Bend Notice of Adopted Amendment (2011-05-05) Author: Bend Year: 2014, 2011 47 pp. Adopted 2011-05-05. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close

• 47. [Article] Tigard Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-05-31)

  42 pp. Adopted 2007-05-31. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tigard Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-05-31) Author: Tigard Year: 2014, 2007 42 pp. Adopted 2007-05-31. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Tigard Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-05-31) Author: Tigard Year: 2014, 2007 42 pp. Adopted 2007-05-31. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close

• 48. [Article] Tigard Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-06-21)

  19 pp. Adopted 2007-06-21. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tigard Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-06-21) Author: Tigard Year: 2014, 2007 19 pp. Adopted 2007-06-21. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Tigard Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-06-21) Author: Tigard Year: 2014, 2007 19 pp. Adopted 2007-06-21. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close

• 49. [Article] Tualatin Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-02-20)

  85 pp. Adopted 2007-02-20. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tualatin Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-02-20) Author: Tualatin Year: 2014, 2007 85 pp. Adopted 2007-02-20. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Tualatin Notice of Adopted Amendment (2007-02-20) Author: Tualatin Year: 2014, 2007 85 pp. Adopted 2007-02-20. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close

• 50. [Article] Ontario Notice of Adopted Amendment (2006-04-03)

  50 pp. Adopted 2006-04-03. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ontario Notice of Adopted Amendment (2006-04-03) Author: Ontario Year: 2014, 2006 50 pp. Adopted 2006-04-03. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Title: Ontario Notice of Adopted Amendment (2006-04-03) Author: Ontario Year: 2014, 2006 50 pp. Adopted 2006-04-03. Department of Land Conservation and Development Notice of Adopted Amendment Close