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• 1. [Article] Assessing the feasibility of policy prescriptions in the Salmon 2100 Project

  Wild salmon populations are in decline in the Pacific Northwest. In the region populations and runs of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytsha), Chum (Oncorhynchus keta), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockey (Oncorhynchus ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing the feasibility of policy prescriptions in the Salmon 2100 Project Author: Whitehead, Katharine S. Wild salmon populations are in decline in the Pacific Northwest. In the region populations and runs of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytsha), Chum (Oncorhynchus keta), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockey (Oncorhynchus nerka), and Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have been listed as threatened and/or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the U.S. and/or the Species at Risk Act (SARA) in Canada in the years 1991-2007. Considerable time, money and brainpower has been put into salmon recovery with mixed results. The future for wild salmon in the Pacific Northwest remains uncertain. In 2006 Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon was published. The book is made up of 23 essays by 33 authors who were challenged to each develop a comprehensive policy prescription in response to the question: “What specific policies must be implemented in order to have a high probability of sustaining significant runs of wild salmon through 2100 in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and southern British Columbia?” A qualitative study was designed to assess whether any of the policy prescriptions presented in Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon are feasible or viable in the real world. A thorough document analysis was conducted of Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon. The Social Construction Framework was used to categorize the target populations, code the policy prescriptions, and identify the benefits and burdens of each policy prescription for each target population. This information was then used to assess the feasibility of each policy prescription, based on the Social Construction Framework. The findings suggest that some of the policy prescriptions are feasible and could be developed for successful implementation in the real world. There is evidence that projects similar to the Salmon 2100 project could provide useful information and potential solutions to other natural resource policy challenges. Title: Assessing the feasibility of policy prescriptions in the Salmon 2100 Project Author: Whitehead, Katharine S. Wild salmon populations are in decline in the Pacific Northwest. In the region populations and runs of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytsha), Chum (Oncorhynchus keta), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockey (Oncorhynchus nerka), and Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have been listed as threatened and/or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the U.S. and/or the Species at Risk Act (SARA) in Canada in the years 1991-2007. Considerable time, money and brainpower has been put into salmon recovery with mixed results. The future for wild salmon in the Pacific Northwest remains uncertain. In 2006 Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon was published. The book is made up of 23 essays by 33 authors who were challenged to each develop a comprehensive policy prescription in response to the question: “What specific policies must be implemented in order to have a high probability of sustaining significant runs of wild salmon through 2100 in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and southern British Columbia?” A qualitative study was designed to assess whether any of the policy prescriptions presented in Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon are feasible or viable in the real world. A thorough document analysis was conducted of Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon. The Social Construction Framework was used to categorize the target populations, code the policy prescriptions, and identify the benefits and burdens of each policy prescription for each target population. This information was then used to assess the feasibility of each policy prescription, based on the Social Construction Framework. The findings suggest that some of the policy prescriptions are feasible and could be developed for successful implementation in the real world. There is evidence that projects similar to the Salmon 2100 project could provide useful information and potential solutions to other natural resource policy challenges. Close

• 2. [Article] Public Participation in the Siting of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Facility on the Columbia River

  Since 2004, a number of interrelated controversies have surrounded proposals to site a liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal near Astoria, Oregon. While public participation has impacted the decision-making ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Public Participation in the Siting of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Facility on the Columbia River Author: Tran, Trang C. Since 2004, a number of interrelated controversies have surrounded proposals to site a liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal near Astoria, Oregon. While public participation has impacted the decision-making process surrounding these proposals, we do not know how such public participation processes has been perceived by those who participated. Using content analysis from local newspapers and regulatory documents and 19 semi-structured interviews with active participants, I investigate the opportunities provided for public input in the Oregon LNG project. I found while participants agree that there have been numerous opportunities for citizens to attend and be informed about the project’s status, they do not feel that public input has been adequately incorporated into decisions about the project. Furthermore, I suggest when opponents believed that they were not heard, they put tremendous efforts to create their own political opportunities to advance their position. Based on the insights from Social Movement studies, when seeking for seasons, which ignited the opposition against the projects, I found safety was the first-of-all concern of the majority of opponents. However, there were also many other risks, like those concerning harms to commercial and tourism businesses on the Columbia River, to the estuary and salmon habitat, which served as sufficient frames to support the mobilization process. I also discovered the roles of an environmental non-profit, Columbia Riverkeeper, as well as the community mobilizing experience as indispensable factors to drive public participation. My results also provide important information about the limitations of public participation processes and suggestions to effectively engage and incorporate citizen concerns. Title: Public Participation in the Siting of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Facility on the Columbia River Author: Tran, Trang C. Since 2004, a number of interrelated controversies have surrounded proposals to site a liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminal near Astoria, Oregon. While public participation has impacted the decision-making process surrounding these proposals, we do not know how such public participation processes has been perceived by those who participated. Using content analysis from local newspapers and regulatory documents and 19 semi-structured interviews with active participants, I investigate the opportunities provided for public input in the Oregon LNG project. I found while participants agree that there have been numerous opportunities for citizens to attend and be informed about the project’s status, they do not feel that public input has been adequately incorporated into decisions about the project. Furthermore, I suggest when opponents believed that they were not heard, they put tremendous efforts to create their own political opportunities to advance their position. Based on the insights from Social Movement studies, when seeking for seasons, which ignited the opposition against the projects, I found safety was the first-of-all concern of the majority of opponents. However, there were also many other risks, like those concerning harms to commercial and tourism businesses on the Columbia River, to the estuary and salmon habitat, which served as sufficient frames to support the mobilization process. I also discovered the roles of an environmental non-profit, Columbia Riverkeeper, as well as the community mobilizing experience as indispensable factors to drive public participation. My results also provide important information about the limitations of public participation processes and suggestions to effectively engage and incorporate citizen concerns. Close

• 3. [Article] Seeking Balance in Oregon’s Coastal River Aggregate Mining Policy: How Do Scientists Inform the Permit Streamlining Process?

  This essay presents a case study of the Regional Gravel Initiative (RGI) workshop, one instance of policy makers using science to inform decision making for sustainable and streamlined processes. The ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seeking Balance in Oregon’s Coastal River Aggregate Mining Policy: How Do Scientists Inform the Permit Streamlining Process? Author: Ewing, Amy This essay presents a case study of the Regional Gravel Initiative (RGI) workshop, one instance of policy makers using science to inform decision making for sustainable and streamlined processes. The RGI consists of eight agencies, both federal and state, with responsibilities for informing and issuing permits for mining aggregate on Oregon’s coastal rivers and streams. Aggregate is an essential component of infrastructure, but regulations protecting water quality and salmon habitat have contributed to decreased aggregate yields from in-stream sources. Recognizing the state’s need to balance these competing resources, the RGI conducted a workshop featuring scientific panelists who were tasked with providing and interpreting information for policy makers. This essay specifically addresses the question how do scientists inform the permit streamlining process? using Pielke’s Honest Broker framework. Document review, participant observation, and interview methods are used to analyze the roles scientists filled in informing policy makers. Results show that scientists collectively acted as honest brokers of policy alternatives, expanding and clarifying options to decision makers. The workshop setting limited scientists’ abilities to act in other ways, but scientists are presented with opportunities to inform through other roles in other settings throughout the policy process. This essay will be useful to continuing and future efforts to streamline and inform policy processes. Policy makers should be aware of the roles scientists may fill in informing decision making and of their abilities to direct scientists’ impact on policy processes. Title: Seeking Balance in Oregon’s Coastal River Aggregate Mining Policy: How Do Scientists Inform the Permit Streamlining Process? Author: Ewing, Amy This essay presents a case study of the Regional Gravel Initiative (RGI) workshop, one instance of policy makers using science to inform decision making for sustainable and streamlined processes. The RGI consists of eight agencies, both federal and state, with responsibilities for informing and issuing permits for mining aggregate on Oregon’s coastal rivers and streams. Aggregate is an essential component of infrastructure, but regulations protecting water quality and salmon habitat have contributed to decreased aggregate yields from in-stream sources. Recognizing the state’s need to balance these competing resources, the RGI conducted a workshop featuring scientific panelists who were tasked with providing and interpreting information for policy makers. This essay specifically addresses the question how do scientists inform the permit streamlining process? using Pielke’s Honest Broker framework. Document review, participant observation, and interview methods are used to analyze the roles scientists filled in informing policy makers. Results show that scientists collectively acted as honest brokers of policy alternatives, expanding and clarifying options to decision makers. The workshop setting limited scientists’ abilities to act in other ways, but scientists are presented with opportunities to inform through other roles in other settings throughout the policy process. This essay will be useful to continuing and future efforts to streamline and inform policy processes. Policy makers should be aware of the roles scientists may fill in informing decision making and of their abilities to direct scientists’ impact on policy processes. Close

• 4. [Article] Factors Influencing Support for Salmon Recovery Policies in Oregon

  2012

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Factors Influencing Support for Salmon Recovery Policies in Oregon Author: Reeves, Zachary 2012 Title: Factors Influencing Support for Salmon Recovery Policies in Oregon Author: Reeves, Zachary 2012 Close

• 5. [Article] Using network theory to prioritize management in a desert bighorn sheep metapopulation

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Springer ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Using network theory to prioritize management in a desert bighorn sheep metapopulation Author: Creech, Tyler G., Monello, Ryan J., Wehausen, John D., Epps, Clinton W. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Springer and can be found at: http://link.springer.com/journal/10980. Title: Using network theory to prioritize management in a desert bighorn sheep metapopulation Author: Creech, Tyler G., Monello, Ryan J., Wehausen, John D., Epps, Clinton W. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Springer and can be found at: http://link.springer.com/journal/10980. Close

• 6. [Article] Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. The article is published by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.else...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California Author: Taylor, Alan H., Collins, Brandon M., Skinner, Carl N., Spies, Thomas A., Churchill, Derek J., McComb, Brenda, Perry, David A., Hessburg, Paul F., Riegel, Greg, Brown, Peter M., Stephens, Scott L., Salter, R. Brion, Povak, Nicholas A., Larson, Andrew J., Franklin, Jerry F., Zielinski, William J., Keane, John J., Singleton, Peter H. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. The article is published by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/ Title: Tamm Review: Management of mixed-severity fire regime forests in Oregon, Washington, and Northern California Author: Taylor, Alan H., Collins, Brandon M., Skinner, Carl N., Spies, Thomas A., Churchill, Derek J., McComb, Brenda, Perry, David A., Hessburg, Paul F., Riegel, Greg, Brown, Peter M., Stephens, Scott L., Salter, R. Brion, Povak, Nicholas A., Larson, Andrew J., Franklin, Jerry F., Zielinski, William J., Keane, John J., Singleton, Peter H. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. The article is published by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/ Close

• 7. [Article] A Vegetation Survey of the Oak Creek Riparian Zone at the Oak Creek Center for Urban Horticulture

  A project to restore and increase the native riparian habitat on a 1 ½ acre site along Oak Creek will begin in spring 2013. In order to carry out long-term monitoring and evaluation of the efficacy of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Vegetation Survey of the Oak Creek Riparian Zone at the Oak Creek Center for Urban Horticulture Author: Danler, Signe A project to restore and increase the native riparian habitat on a 1 ½ acre site along Oak Creek will begin in spring 2013. In order to carry out long-term monitoring and evaluation of the efficacy of the restoration effort, it is necessary to know what is growing there now. To that end I have conducted a multi-part inventory of the current vegetation, to establish baselines of species diversity and coverage, canopy cover, and percentage of native and invasive species against which to measure progress. The current vegetation is a mix of native species and exotics. The tree canopy is a narrow strip along the creek banks, and there are not very many trees in it, but those present are primarily native species. This survey confirms that there is a growing problem with several Class B Noxious weeds that are likely to take over the understory if not checked. These results demonstrate a clear need for a restoration and management plan focused on increasing the native understory cover and on increasing the width of the overstory canopy. This plan should be combined with a strong, long-term institutional commitment to keep the invasive species under control. In addition there are possibilities for expanding the restored area through collaboration with other OSU departments that manage nearby stretches of Oak Creek. Title: A Vegetation Survey of the Oak Creek Riparian Zone at the Oak Creek Center for Urban Horticulture Author: Danler, Signe A project to restore and increase the native riparian habitat on a 1 ½ acre site along Oak Creek will begin in spring 2013. In order to carry out long-term monitoring and evaluation of the efficacy of the restoration effort, it is necessary to know what is growing there now. To that end I have conducted a multi-part inventory of the current vegetation, to establish baselines of species diversity and coverage, canopy cover, and percentage of native and invasive species against which to measure progress. The current vegetation is a mix of native species and exotics. The tree canopy is a narrow strip along the creek banks, and there are not very many trees in it, but those present are primarily native species. This survey confirms that there is a growing problem with several Class B Noxious weeds that are likely to take over the understory if not checked. These results demonstrate a clear need for a restoration and management plan focused on increasing the native understory cover and on increasing the width of the overstory canopy. This plan should be combined with a strong, long-term institutional commitment to keep the invasive species under control. In addition there are possibilities for expanding the restored area through collaboration with other OSU departments that manage nearby stretches of Oak Creek. Close

• 8. [Article] What Do Stakeholders Know About Salmon and Steelhead Recovery in the Willamette Basin?

  In August 2011, the final Upper Willamette River basin salmon and steelhead recovery plan was adopted by NOAA Fisheries and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. The plan highlights a variety of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: What Do Stakeholders Know About Salmon and Steelhead Recovery in the Willamette Basin? Author: Fellas, Christy In August 2011, the final Upper Willamette River basin salmon and steelhead recovery plan was adopted by NOAA Fisheries and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. The plan highlights a variety of activities that need to be taken by both public and private entities in order to recover these listed species. The Willamette River basin is a diverse and complicated system that encompasses urban, forest and agricultural uses on public and private lands. It is the largest basin in Oregon, housing 70% of the state’s population and includes 16,000 miles of stream. Recovery cannot be achieved on public land alone - over 60% of land in the basin is in private ownership. All parts of the basin provide important areas for rearing, migration and spawning of salmon and steelhead. Information is lacking about how stakeholders view the Willamette River basin salmon and steelhead recovery plan. Through 25 interviews, I collected data from stakeholders to understand their knowledge of and engagement in Willamette River basin salmon recovery efforts. Interview themes came from a Delphi review of recovery plan themes provided by NOAA personnel. I found that recovery cannot be successful in the Willamette River basin unless private landowners are better informed and willing to participate in the process. I determined a baseline understanding of stakeholders while providing a roadmap for future education, outreach and restoration efforts. Title: What Do Stakeholders Know About Salmon and Steelhead Recovery in the Willamette Basin? Author: Fellas, Christy In August 2011, the final Upper Willamette River basin salmon and steelhead recovery plan was adopted by NOAA Fisheries and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. The plan highlights a variety of activities that need to be taken by both public and private entities in order to recover these listed species. The Willamette River basin is a diverse and complicated system that encompasses urban, forest and agricultural uses on public and private lands. It is the largest basin in Oregon, housing 70% of the state’s population and includes 16,000 miles of stream. Recovery cannot be achieved on public land alone - over 60% of land in the basin is in private ownership. All parts of the basin provide important areas for rearing, migration and spawning of salmon and steelhead. Information is lacking about how stakeholders view the Willamette River basin salmon and steelhead recovery plan. Through 25 interviews, I collected data from stakeholders to understand their knowledge of and engagement in Willamette River basin salmon recovery efforts. Interview themes came from a Delphi review of recovery plan themes provided by NOAA personnel. I found that recovery cannot be successful in the Willamette River basin unless private landowners are better informed and willing to participate in the process. I determined a baseline understanding of stakeholders while providing a roadmap for future education, outreach and restoration efforts. Close

• 9. [Article] Landscape Context Mediates Avian Habitat Choice in Tropical Forest Restoration

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Landscape Context Mediates Avian Habitat Choice in Tropical Forest Restoration Author: Reid, J. Leighton, Mendenhall, Chase D., Zahawi, Rakan A., Holl, Karen D., Abel Rosales, J. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Title: Landscape Context Mediates Avian Habitat Choice in Tropical Forest Restoration Author: Reid, J. Leighton, Mendenhall, Chase D., Zahawi, Rakan A., Holl, Karen D., Abel Rosales, J. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by the Public Library of Science. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Close

• 10. [Article] Trends in Developed Land Cover Adjacent to Habitat for Threatened Salmon in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A.

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article was published by the Public Library ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trends in Developed Land Cover Adjacent to Habitat for Threatened Salmon in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Author: Ford, Michael J., et al., Kennedy, Robert E., Beechie, Timothy J., Bartz, Krista K. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article was published by the Public Library of Science and is in the public domain. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Title: Trends in Developed Land Cover Adjacent to Habitat for Threatened Salmon in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Author: Ford, Michael J., et al., Kennedy, Robert E., Beechie, Timothy J., Bartz, Krista K. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article was published by the Public Library of Science and is in the public domain. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Close