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• 1. [Article] Regional biodiversity monitoring partnership workshop : final report

  The Biodiversity Monitoring Workgroup (Appendix 1)—which consists of federal, state, university, NGO’s, and private landowner stakeholders who are involved in aspects of monitoring biodiversity in the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Regional biodiversity monitoring partnership workshop : final report Author: Institute for Natural Resources The Biodiversity Monitoring Workgroup (Appendix 1)—which consists of federal, state, university, NGO’s, and private landowner stakeholders who are involved in aspects of monitoring biodiversity in the states of Oregon and Washington—conceived of the idea of exploring the possibilities of creating a Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Partnership. The Workgroup’s idea of hosting a workshop to explore such possibilities is grounded in a shared vision that recognizes the underlying value of biodiversity and relies on the compiling, managing, and sharing of biodiversity information in the region that will ultimately inform management and conservation efforts and decisions, and identify gaps where new efforts might be needed. The overall effort is sponsored by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station as part of the Focused Sciences Delivery Program’s Biodiversity Initiative and facilitated by the Institute for Natural Resources at OSU. Workshop participants greeted the idea and need of having a partnership with warm regard. Many regarded it as an essential component to extending and elevating the presence of monitoring regional biodiversity efforts. While participants spoke well on behalf of a partnership, this document focuses on the issues that individual participants and break-out groups thought needed to be addressed to create a viable, accessible, and sustainable regional biodiversity monitoring partnership. The issues and recommendations listed throughout the document reflect the range of views of individuals and break-out groups and do not reflect a consensus by all participants. Title: Regional biodiversity monitoring partnership workshop : final report Author: Institute for Natural Resources The Biodiversity Monitoring Workgroup (Appendix 1)—which consists of federal, state, university, NGO’s, and private landowner stakeholders who are involved in aspects of monitoring biodiversity in the states of Oregon and Washington—conceived of the idea of exploring the possibilities of creating a Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Partnership. The Workgroup’s idea of hosting a workshop to explore such possibilities is grounded in a shared vision that recognizes the underlying value of biodiversity and relies on the compiling, managing, and sharing of biodiversity information in the region that will ultimately inform management and conservation efforts and decisions, and identify gaps where new efforts might be needed. The overall effort is sponsored by the U.S. Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station as part of the Focused Sciences Delivery Program’s Biodiversity Initiative and facilitated by the Institute for Natural Resources at OSU. Workshop participants greeted the idea and need of having a partnership with warm regard. Many regarded it as an essential component to extending and elevating the presence of monitoring regional biodiversity efforts. While participants spoke well on behalf of a partnership, this document focuses on the issues that individual participants and break-out groups thought needed to be addressed to create a viable, accessible, and sustainable regional biodiversity monitoring partnership. The issues and recommendations listed throughout the document reflect the range of views of individuals and break-out groups and do not reflect a consensus by all participants. Close

• 2. [Article] The Evolution Fish Biodiversity: A Time Series Aproach

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Evolution Fish Biodiversity: A Time Series Aproach Author: Del Valle Erkiaga, Ikerne, Astorkiza, Inma, Astorkiza, Kepa Abstract only. Title: The Evolution Fish Biodiversity: A Time Series Aproach Author: Del Valle Erkiaga, Ikerne, Astorkiza, Inma, Astorkiza, Kepa Abstract only. Close

• 3. [Article] A Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Framework

  A draft monitoring framework that identifies the pieces of a technical plan for biodiversity monitoring, collaboration, and information sharing. The draft sets out to define some general parameters that ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Framework Author: Molina, Randy, Pacific Northwest Research Station, United States. Forest Service A draft monitoring framework that identifies the pieces of a technical plan for biodiversity monitoring, collaboration, and information sharing. The draft sets out to define some general parameters that will answer these questions: How do we create partnerships?, What should we measure?, and How do we manage information? Title: A Regional Biodiversity Monitoring Framework Author: Molina, Randy, Pacific Northwest Research Station, United States. Forest Service A draft monitoring framework that identifies the pieces of a technical plan for biodiversity monitoring, collaboration, and information sharing. The draft sets out to define some general parameters that will answer these questions: How do we create partnerships?, What should we measure?, and How do we manage information? Close

• 4. [Article] Mental and biophysical terrains of biodiversity : conservation of oak woodland on family forest

  This research analyzes how family forest owners conceptualize biodiversity in one high-conservation value area of oak woodland in the Willamette Valley of Western Oregon. Oregon white oak (Quercus garyanna) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mental and biophysical terrains of biodiversity : conservation of oak woodland on family forest Author: Fischer, Alexandra Paige This research analyzes how family forest owners conceptualize biodiversity in one high-conservation value area of oak woodland in the Willamette Valley of Western Oregon. Oregon white oak (Quercus garyanna) woodland, one of the most biologically diverse ecotypes in the state of Oregon, is in decline. Much of the oak ecotype occurs on the lands of family forest owners. Understanding owners' conceptions of biodiversity is important for the conservation of this important resource. Theories from sociology, social psychology, and policy analysis argue that information about people's knowledge and beliefs is important for understanding and influencing their behavior. This research explores the mental and biophysical terrains of owners' relationships with biodiversity. Through interdisciplinary methods - including concept mapping, in-depth interviews, property mapping and field reconnaissance - it explores the meanings that people give to biodiversity on their family properties. Findings indicate that 1) owners are knowledgeable about the key elements of biodiversity, and 2) their use of this knowledge in management reflects their beliefs about human relationships with nature and external market constraints. Title: Mental and biophysical terrains of biodiversity : conservation of oak woodland on family forest Author: Fischer, Alexandra Paige This research analyzes how family forest owners conceptualize biodiversity in one high-conservation value area of oak woodland in the Willamette Valley of Western Oregon. Oregon white oak (Quercus garyanna) woodland, one of the most biologically diverse ecotypes in the state of Oregon, is in decline. Much of the oak ecotype occurs on the lands of family forest owners. Understanding owners' conceptions of biodiversity is important for the conservation of this important resource. Theories from sociology, social psychology, and policy analysis argue that information about people's knowledge and beliefs is important for understanding and influencing their behavior. This research explores the mental and biophysical terrains of owners' relationships with biodiversity. Through interdisciplinary methods - including concept mapping, in-depth interviews, property mapping and field reconnaissance - it explores the meanings that people give to biodiversity on their family properties. Findings indicate that 1) owners are knowledgeable about the key elements of biodiversity, and 2) their use of this knowledge in management reflects their beliefs about human relationships with nature and external market constraints. Close

• 5. [Article] Heirarachial framework for conserving biodiversity

  EPA/600/A-98/134.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Heirarachial framework for conserving biodiversity Author: Kiester, Ross, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, White, Denis, Preston, Eric, Freemark, Kathryn EPA/600/A-98/134. Title: Heirarachial framework for conserving biodiversity Author: Kiester, Ross, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, White, Denis, Preston, Eric, Freemark, Kathryn EPA/600/A-98/134. Close

• 6. [Article] Biodiversity Conservation in a Game Theoretic Model of a Fishery

  This paper proposes a game theoretic modeling framework for the assessment of the trade-off between economic efficiency gains and biodiversity conservation in a fishery. It introduces a biodiversity index, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Biodiversity Conservation in a Game Theoretic Model of a Fishery Author: Sumaila, Ussif Rashid Year: 2001 This paper proposes a game theoretic modeling framework for the assessment of the trade-off between economic efficiency gains and biodiversity conservation in a fishery. It introduces a biodiversity index, and develops an application of the method couched on Namibian hake fisheries. Results from the illustrative example show that the opportunity cost of achieving a “near perfect” level of biodiversity conservation is high. On a more positive note, however, the results also indicate that it is possible (through appropriate management action) to achieve reasonably high biodiversity levels without losing most of the potential economic gains. Title: Biodiversity Conservation in a Game Theoretic Model of a Fishery Author: Sumaila, Ussif Rashid Year: 2001 This paper proposes a game theoretic modeling framework for the assessment of the trade-off between economic efficiency gains and biodiversity conservation in a fishery. It introduces a biodiversity index, and develops an application of the method couched on Namibian hake fisheries. Results from the illustrative example show that the opportunity cost of achieving a “near perfect” level of biodiversity conservation is high. On a more positive note, however, the results also indicate that it is possible (through appropriate management action) to achieve reasonably high biodiversity levels without losing most of the potential economic gains. Close

• 7. [Article] Economic incentives for the conservation of biodiversity with multiple decision-makers

  This thesis investigates the incentives for the conservation of biodiversity with multiple decision-makers by comparing the market equilibrium solution to the social optimum under different assumptions. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economic incentives for the conservation of biodiversity with multiple decision-makers Author: Bergeron, Nancy This thesis investigates the incentives for the conservation of biodiversity with multiple decision-makers by comparing the market equilibrium solution to the social optimum under different assumptions. Geographic land areas are modeled to permit two conflicting uses: conservation of biodiversity or conversion of the land for some economic activity. Two main models are developed The first model makes use of a downward-sloping demand curve for biodiversity. This demand can represent the partial or total economic value of biodiversily, or more tangibly, the harvest demand for a given rare species. The market equilibrium will provide less of the species than would be socially optimal because of the oligopolistic structure of the supply side of the market. The second model assumes a "blueprint" demand function for biodiversity where species are seen as genetic and chemical "lead" or "blueprint" resources for industrial use. In the static model, rent can be obtained only f a unique landowner possesses the species of value, otherwise the demanding industry will bid the price down until no rent is captured In this case, the market equilibrium of conservation is socially optimal. In a dynamic model, however, this result is not obtained The multiple stage model reveals a dynamic externality. Further modeling and comparison with real world data are needed to appreciate the importance of this divergence of results. The problem of imperfect substitute species is investigated, and too much conservation can occur in the "blueprint" case from society's point of view. Title: Economic incentives for the conservation of biodiversity with multiple decision-makers Author: Bergeron, Nancy This thesis investigates the incentives for the conservation of biodiversity with multiple decision-makers by comparing the market equilibrium solution to the social optimum under different assumptions. Geographic land areas are modeled to permit two conflicting uses: conservation of biodiversity or conversion of the land for some economic activity. Two main models are developed The first model makes use of a downward-sloping demand curve for biodiversity. This demand can represent the partial or total economic value of biodiversily, or more tangibly, the harvest demand for a given rare species. The market equilibrium will provide less of the species than would be socially optimal because of the oligopolistic structure of the supply side of the market. The second model assumes a "blueprint" demand function for biodiversity where species are seen as genetic and chemical "lead" or "blueprint" resources for industrial use. In the static model, rent can be obtained only f a unique landowner possesses the species of value, otherwise the demanding industry will bid the price down until no rent is captured In this case, the market equilibrium of conservation is socially optimal. In a dynamic model, however, this result is not obtained The multiple stage model reveals a dynamic externality. Further modeling and comparison with real world data are needed to appreciate the importance of this divergence of results. The problem of imperfect substitute species is investigated, and too much conservation can occur in the "blueprint" case from society's point of view. Close

• 8. [Article] Tradeoffs associated with managing forested landscapes for multiple-uses

  This study focuses on the tradeoffs that exist for managing forested landscapes for biodiversity and timber production. Tradeoff evaluation is important to natural resource managers so they can understand ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tradeoffs associated with managing forested landscapes for multiple-uses Author: Lichtenstein, Mark E. This study focuses on the tradeoffs that exist for managing forested landscapes for biodiversity and timber production. Tradeoff evaluation is important to natural resource managers so they can understand the benefits and costs of alternative management prescriptions. The study examines three watersheds in the Oregon Coast Range and 166 terrestrial vertebrate species to determine the productive capacity of the site in terms of biodiversity and timber revenue. Two points are identified that maximize biodiversity and maximize timber revenue that serve as corner solutions for the production possibilities frontier for biodiversity and timber revenue. The frontier identifies all combinations of outputs that are equal in productive efficiency and the slope of the frontier identifies the marginal cost of biodiversity in terms of foregone timber revenue. A special case is then examined that reenacts the proposed management intentions of each ownership group in the study area. The special case model is used to examine the level of efficiency that exists with respect to the productive possibilities frontier. The results of the study indicate that there is a high level of inefficiency in the proposed management intentions of the various ownership groups. Higher levels of revenues can be achieved at the same level of biodiversity. Conversely more biodiversity can be produced at the same level of revenue. Marginal cost analysis also showed that biodiversity comes at an increasingly high cost at the extreme end of the productive capability of the study area. Results also indicate the species that are most affected by management activities are those that require large home ranges (> 200 acres) and species that are the most taxonomically unique. Title: Tradeoffs associated with managing forested landscapes for multiple-uses Author: Lichtenstein, Mark E. This study focuses on the tradeoffs that exist for managing forested landscapes for biodiversity and timber production. Tradeoff evaluation is important to natural resource managers so they can understand the benefits and costs of alternative management prescriptions. The study examines three watersheds in the Oregon Coast Range and 166 terrestrial vertebrate species to determine the productive capacity of the site in terms of biodiversity and timber revenue. Two points are identified that maximize biodiversity and maximize timber revenue that serve as corner solutions for the production possibilities frontier for biodiversity and timber revenue. The frontier identifies all combinations of outputs that are equal in productive efficiency and the slope of the frontier identifies the marginal cost of biodiversity in terms of foregone timber revenue. A special case is then examined that reenacts the proposed management intentions of each ownership group in the study area. The special case model is used to examine the level of efficiency that exists with respect to the productive possibilities frontier. The results of the study indicate that there is a high level of inefficiency in the proposed management intentions of the various ownership groups. Higher levels of revenues can be achieved at the same level of biodiversity. Conversely more biodiversity can be produced at the same level of revenue. Marginal cost analysis also showed that biodiversity comes at an increasingly high cost at the extreme end of the productive capability of the study area. Results also indicate the species that are most affected by management activities are those that require large home ranges (> 200 acres) and species that are the most taxonomically unique. Close

• 9. [Article] Biodiversity : illustrations of some concepts, causes, and consequences

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Biodiversity : illustrations of some concepts, causes, and consequences Author: Russell, Roland B. Title: Biodiversity : illustrations of some concepts, causes, and consequences Author: Russell, Roland B. Close

• 10. [Article] Biological diversity and third world development : a study of the transformation of an ecological concept into natural resource policy

  This work examined the transformation of the concept of biodiversity into natural resource policies of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the World Bank through 1988. The study identified ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Biological diversity and third world development : a study of the transformation of an ecological concept into natural resource policy Author: Vincent, Robert Montgomery This work examined the transformation of the concept of biodiversity into natural resource policies of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the World Bank through 1988. The study identified several groups as playing key roles in the transformation process. These were nongovernmental environmental organizations, the scientific community, and the U.S. Congress. As a framework for analysis, a Process Model is presented which depicts the process that transforms a scientific concept into natural resource policy. As a result of this research, modifications to the original Process Model are proposed. Though this study focuses on the scientific concept of biological diversity, it is suggested that the Process Model may be more broadly applied to other resource issues which follow the model's general steps of concept formulation, value identification, legislation development, and policy formulation. Several conclusions are reached from this study. One is that though there was little agreement about the concept of biodiversity within the scientific community, three broad themes evolved. These themes are ecosystem diversity, species diversity, and genetic diversity. Second, NGEO members did not adopt scientific concepts of biodiversity, but rather developed value positions with respect to biodiversity. These positions were presented to lawmakers the result being that biodiversity legislation was narrowly focused and did not fully reflect the three major diversity themes developed within the scientific community. Finally, policies developed by agencies responsible for implementing biodiversity legislation reflected Congressional intent and were equally narrowly focused. One consequence is that only selected major biodiversity themes are dealt with in agency policy, and this is reflected in agency funded programs to conserve biological diversity. Title: Biological diversity and third world development : a study of the transformation of an ecological concept into natural resource policy Author: Vincent, Robert Montgomery This work examined the transformation of the concept of biodiversity into natural resource policies of the U.S. Agency for International Development and the World Bank through 1988. The study identified several groups as playing key roles in the transformation process. These were nongovernmental environmental organizations, the scientific community, and the U.S. Congress. As a framework for analysis, a Process Model is presented which depicts the process that transforms a scientific concept into natural resource policy. As a result of this research, modifications to the original Process Model are proposed. Though this study focuses on the scientific concept of biological diversity, it is suggested that the Process Model may be more broadly applied to other resource issues which follow the model's general steps of concept formulation, value identification, legislation development, and policy formulation. Several conclusions are reached from this study. One is that though there was little agreement about the concept of biodiversity within the scientific community, three broad themes evolved. These themes are ecosystem diversity, species diversity, and genetic diversity. Second, NGEO members did not adopt scientific concepts of biodiversity, but rather developed value positions with respect to biodiversity. These positions were presented to lawmakers the result being that biodiversity legislation was narrowly focused and did not fully reflect the three major diversity themes developed within the scientific community. Finally, policies developed by agencies responsible for implementing biodiversity legislation reflected Congressional intent and were equally narrowly focused. One consequence is that only selected major biodiversity themes are dealt with in agency policy, and this is reflected in agency funded programs to conserve biological diversity. Close