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• 1. [Article] The Valuation of Marine Ecosystems in West Africa: A tool for Decision-Making in Ecosystems Management and MPA Governance

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Valuation of Marine Ecosystems in West Africa: A tool for Decision-Making in Ecosystems Management and MPA Governance Author: Failler, Pierre, Binet, Thomas Abstract only. Title: The Valuation of Marine Ecosystems in West Africa: A tool for Decision-Making in Ecosystems Management and MPA Governance Author: Failler, Pierre, Binet, Thomas Abstract only. Close

• 2. [Article] Foundations for Effective Marine Ecosystem Management

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Foundations for Effective Marine Ecosystem Management Author: McClurg, Tom Research Paper Title: Foundations for Effective Marine Ecosystem Management Author: McClurg, Tom Research Paper Close

• 3. [Article] Economics of Joint Management of the Resources of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Economics of Joint Management of the Resources of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem Author: Sumaila, Ussif Rashid, Keith, Heather, Munro, Gordon Research Paper Title: Economics of Joint Management of the Resources of the Benguela Current Large Marine Ecosystem Author: Sumaila, Ussif Rashid, Keith, Heather, Munro, Gordon Research Paper Close

• 4. [Article] Advances in Marine Ecosystem Dynamics from US GLOBEC: The Horizontal-Advection Bottom-up Forcing Paradigm

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Oceanography Society and can be found at: http://www.tos.org/oceanography/index.html.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Advances in Marine Ecosystem Dynamics from US GLOBEC: The Horizontal-Advection Bottom-up Forcing Paradigm Author: Hofmann, Eileen E., Mountain, David, Di Lorenzo, Emanuele, Bond, Nicholas, Batchelder, Harold P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Oceanography Society and can be found at: http://www.tos.org/oceanography/index.html. Title: Advances in Marine Ecosystem Dynamics from US GLOBEC: The Horizontal-Advection Bottom-up Forcing Paradigm Author: Hofmann, Eileen E., Mountain, David, Di Lorenzo, Emanuele, Bond, Nicholas, Batchelder, Harold P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Oceanography Society and can be found at: http://www.tos.org/oceanography/index.html. Close

• 5. [Article] Forage Fish in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem: Ecological Linkages, Current Catches and Values

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forage Fish in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem: Ecological Linkages, Current Catches and Values Author: Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres, Sumaila, Rashid Abstract only. Title: Forage Fish in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem: Ecological Linkages, Current Catches and Values Author: Cisneros-Montemayor, Andres, Sumaila, Rashid Abstract only. Close

• 6. [Article] A Comparative Assessment of Damages to Fisheries Livelihood in Villages Affected By the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Comparative Assessment of Damages to Fisheries Livelihood in Villages Affected By the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Author: Mamiit, Rusyan Jill Research Paper Title: A Comparative Assessment of Damages to Fisheries Livelihood in Villages Affected By the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami Author: Mamiit, Rusyan Jill Research Paper Close

• 7. [Article] Fishing in a Shallow Lake: A Case for Effort Controls?

  In many situation, fishing activity adversely impacts the state of the marine ecosystem, impacts which feed back to affect fish stocks. Some ecosystems appear to have multiple equilibria and exhibit hysteresis, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fishing in a Shallow Lake: A Case for Effort Controls? Author: Janmaat, John, Ruijs, Arjan In many situation, fishing activity adversely impacts the state of the marine ecosystem, impacts which feed back to affect fish stocks. Some ecosystems appear to have multiple equilibria and exhibit hysteresis, whereby they can become stuck in low productivity states. We show how adding ecosystem dynamics to a classic fisheries model can introduce hysteresis impacts, impacts that affect both the evolution of the fish stock and the fishery harvesting it. We demonstrate that harvest and effort taxes are not equivalent instruments for controlling this externality. We also show that if the fishery is sufficiently degraded, it may not be optimal to move the system back to a healthy environment. Title: Fishing in a Shallow Lake: A Case for Effort Controls? Author: Janmaat, John, Ruijs, Arjan In many situation, fishing activity adversely impacts the state of the marine ecosystem, impacts which feed back to affect fish stocks. Some ecosystems appear to have multiple equilibria and exhibit hysteresis, whereby they can become stuck in low productivity states. We show how adding ecosystem dynamics to a classic fisheries model can introduce hysteresis impacts, impacts that affect both the evolution of the fish stock and the fishery harvesting it. We demonstrate that harvest and effort taxes are not equivalent instruments for controlling this externality. We also show that if the fishery is sufficiently degraded, it may not be optimal to move the system back to a healthy environment. Close

• 8. [Article] A New Proposal of Sustainable Seafood Markets Index (Smi): the Case Study of the Port of Vigo (Spain)

  No poster available.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A New Proposal of Sustainable Seafood Markets Index (Smi): the Case Study of the Port of Vigo (Spain) Author: Villasante, Sebastian, Rodriguez, Gonzalo No poster available. Title: A New Proposal of Sustainable Seafood Markets Index (Smi): the Case Study of the Port of Vigo (Spain) Author: Villasante, Sebastian, Rodriguez, Gonzalo No poster available. Close

• 9. [Article] A community-based approach for evaluating tradeoffs across marine ecosystem services in Oregon

  As competing uses of our coastlines increase, natural resource agencies are employing marine spatial planning (MSP) to designate areas for different uses or activities in order to reduce conflicts while ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A community-based approach for evaluating tradeoffs across marine ecosystem services in Oregon Author: Freeman, Peter M. As competing uses of our coastlines increase, natural resource agencies are employing marine spatial planning (MSP) to designate areas for different uses or activities in order to reduce conflicts while achieving ecological, economic and social objectives. A central challenge of implementing MSP is development of a rigorous approach for analyzing tradeoffs across the provision of ecosystem services (i.e., the benefits humans receive from nature). This study develops an operational approach to this problem that is founded on community-based methods, ecological production theory, and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The approach merges ecological models with surveys to identify marine ecosystem services for use in tradeoff analysis. The approach allows for a single set of marine ecosystem services to at once be valued by local stakeholders and measured by biologists, thus connecting social and biological monitoring efforts. To develop the approach in a real-world context, I examined ecosystem services associated with nearshore marine ecosystems in Oregon, where marine reserves are being introduced for biodiversity conservation. I worked with stakeholder focus groups in three Oregon communities to identify 24 marine ecosystem services. I then linked the ecosystem services with ecological indicators, which I then consolidated to derive 11 items for use in a survey-based tradeoff analysis exercise. I administered the survey to a nonrandom sample of stakeholders in Oregon (n=31), from which their relative preferences and preference weights for ecosystem services were derived. The weights and preference measures may then be used in MSP decision-making. Furthermore, I grouped the stakeholder survey data in three ways: by location of residence (coastal vs. non-coastal), by eight categories of affiliation (e.g., business owners, conservationists, commercial and recreational fishers, etc.), and by resource use patterns. I then analyzed the various groupings of stakeholders for within- and between-group homogeneity of preferences. Results of the analyses showed that there are statistically significant variations in preferences within and between most groupings. Capturing the variations in stakeholder preferences is important when developing policies that affect different stakeholder groups. Thus, when implementing the survey instrument, I suggest random sampling of stakeholders stratified by location, affiliation, and resource use. This study provides one of the first examples of a systems-based approach to ecosystem service valuation operationalized to inform MSP, and novel features of the approach have a number of implications for advancing marine research and management. First, by using stakeholders to identify ecosystem services, the approach allows for a tailored implementation of ecosystem-based management at the community level. Second, by integrating ecological and economic information on the provision and value of ecosystem services, the approach provides relevant data for MSP decision-making during the siting, evaluation, and monitoring stages. And third, by applying both stated-preference and MCDA methods, the approach may capture the array of values represented by diverse stakeholder groups. Title: A community-based approach for evaluating tradeoffs across marine ecosystem services in Oregon Author: Freeman, Peter M. As competing uses of our coastlines increase, natural resource agencies are employing marine spatial planning (MSP) to designate areas for different uses or activities in order to reduce conflicts while achieving ecological, economic and social objectives. A central challenge of implementing MSP is development of a rigorous approach for analyzing tradeoffs across the provision of ecosystem services (i.e., the benefits humans receive from nature). This study develops an operational approach to this problem that is founded on community-based methods, ecological production theory, and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The approach merges ecological models with surveys to identify marine ecosystem services for use in tradeoff analysis. The approach allows for a single set of marine ecosystem services to at once be valued by local stakeholders and measured by biologists, thus connecting social and biological monitoring efforts. To develop the approach in a real-world context, I examined ecosystem services associated with nearshore marine ecosystems in Oregon, where marine reserves are being introduced for biodiversity conservation. I worked with stakeholder focus groups in three Oregon communities to identify 24 marine ecosystem services. I then linked the ecosystem services with ecological indicators, which I then consolidated to derive 11 items for use in a survey-based tradeoff analysis exercise. I administered the survey to a nonrandom sample of stakeholders in Oregon (n=31), from which their relative preferences and preference weights for ecosystem services were derived. The weights and preference measures may then be used in MSP decision-making. Furthermore, I grouped the stakeholder survey data in three ways: by location of residence (coastal vs. non-coastal), by eight categories of affiliation (e.g., business owners, conservationists, commercial and recreational fishers, etc.), and by resource use patterns. I then analyzed the various groupings of stakeholders for within- and between-group homogeneity of preferences. Results of the analyses showed that there are statistically significant variations in preferences within and between most groupings. Capturing the variations in stakeholder preferences is important when developing policies that affect different stakeholder groups. Thus, when implementing the survey instrument, I suggest random sampling of stakeholders stratified by location, affiliation, and resource use. This study provides one of the first examples of a systems-based approach to ecosystem service valuation operationalized to inform MSP, and novel features of the approach have a number of implications for advancing marine research and management. First, by using stakeholders to identify ecosystem services, the approach allows for a tailored implementation of ecosystem-based management at the community level. Second, by integrating ecological and economic information on the provision and value of ecosystem services, the approach provides relevant data for MSP decision-making during the siting, evaluation, and monitoring stages. And third, by applying both stated-preference and MCDA methods, the approach may capture the array of values represented by diverse stakeholder groups. Close

• 10. [Article] Ecosystem Management: A Management View

  No poster available.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ecosystem Management: A Management View Author: Ravn-Jonsen, Lars J. No poster available. Title: Ecosystem Management: A Management View Author: Ravn-Jonsen, Lars J. No poster available. Close

• 11. [Article] Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA and can be found at: http://www.pnas.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current Author: Menge, Bruce A., McManus, Margaret A., Chan, Francis, Lubchenco, Jane, Kirincich, Anthony R., Barth, John A., Bane, John M., Nielsen, Karina J., Washburn, Libe, Pierce, Stephen D. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA and can be found at: http://www.pnas.org/. Title: Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current Author: Menge, Bruce A., McManus, Margaret A., Chan, Francis, Lubchenco, Jane, Kirincich, Anthony R., Barth, John A., Bane, John M., Nielsen, Karina J., Washburn, Libe, Pierce, Stephen D. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA and can be found at: http://www.pnas.org/. Close

• 12. [Article] Fishing Down the Food Chain: Modeling Trophic interactions in Exploited Marine Ecosystems

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fishing Down the Food Chain: Modeling Trophic interactions in Exploited Marine Ecosystems Author: Wilen, James, Wilen, Christopher Abstract only. Title: Fishing Down the Food Chain: Modeling Trophic interactions in Exploited Marine Ecosystems Author: Wilen, James, Wilen, Christopher Abstract only. Close

• 13. [Article] Uses of ecosystem services provided by MPAs: how much do they impact the local economy?

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Uses of ecosystem services provided by MPAs: how much do they impact the local economy? Author: Person, Jeremy, Le Direach, Laurence, Lavisse, Elodie, Roncin, Nicolas, Boncoeur, Jean, Crec'hiriou, Romain, Marcos Diego, Concepcion Abstract only. Title: Uses of ecosystem services provided by MPAs: how much do they impact the local economy? Author: Person, Jeremy, Le Direach, Laurence, Lavisse, Elodie, Roncin, Nicolas, Boncoeur, Jean, Crec'hiriou, Romain, Marcos Diego, Concepcion Abstract only. Close

• 14. [Article] Climate and Demography Dictate the Strength of Predator-Prey Overlap in a Subarctic Marine Ecosystem

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Public ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Climate and Demography Dictate the Strength of Predator-Prey Overlap in a Subarctic Marine Ecosystem Author: Hunsicker, Mary E., Ciannelli, Lorenzo, Bailey, Kevin M., Zador, Stephani, Stige, Leif Christian To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Public Library of Science and can be found at: http://www.plos.org/. Title: Climate and Demography Dictate the Strength of Predator-Prey Overlap in a Subarctic Marine Ecosystem Author: Hunsicker, Mary E., Ciannelli, Lorenzo, Bailey, Kevin M., Zador, Stephani, Stige, Leif Christian To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Public Library of Science and can be found at: http://www.plos.org/. Close

• 15. [Article] A global model of the marine ecosystem for long-term simulations: Sensitivity to ocean mixing, buoyancy forcing, particle sinking, and dissolved organic matter cycling

  A new model of the marine ecosystem coupled into a global Earth System Climate Model suitable for long-term (multimillennial timescale) simulations is presented. The model is based on nitrate as the sole ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A global model of the marine ecosystem for long-term simulations: Sensitivity to ocean mixing, buoyancy forcing, particle sinking, and dissolved organic matter cycling Author: Eby, M., Giraud, X., Oschlies, Andreas, Schmittner, Andreas, Simmons, H. L. A new model of the marine ecosystem coupled into a global Earth System Climate Model suitable for long-term (multimillennial timescale) simulations is presented. The model is based on nitrate as the sole limiting nutrient. Prognostic equations for nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus are solved online in the three-dimensional ocean circulation model component. Experiments with different parameterizations of vertical mixing, including a scheme of tidally driven mixing, changes in buoyancy forcing in the Southern Ocean, different particle sinking velocities, and the inclusion of dissolved organic matter are performed, and the results are compared with observations. The results reemphasize the roles of Southern Ocean freshwater forcing and diapycnal mixing in the low-latitude pycnocline in setting the global deep water circulation and properties. The influence of high mixing in the Southern Ocean as inferred from observations is much more limited. The deep water circulation also has a strong influence on the marine ecosystem and nutrient distributions. We demonstrate that larger values of vertical diffusion lead to a shallower nutricline due to increased upwelling. Export production and nutrient distributions respond sensitively to changes in mixing and to the ratio of particle sinking to remineralization in the upper ocean. The best fits to global measurements of temperature, salinity, deep ocean radiocarbon, mixed layer depth, nutrients, and chlorophyll are obtained for values of vertical mixing in the pycnocline of around 0.2–0.3 X 10-4 m2/s and for e-folding depth for particle remineralization of 100–200 m. A simple parameterization of dissolved organic matter dynamics increases primary production and nutrient concentrations in the upper ocean and improves chlorophyll distributions in the subtropical gyres but has no discernible influence on particulate export fluxes. Remaining model deficiencies are identified, and strategies for future model improvement are outlined. Title: A global model of the marine ecosystem for long-term simulations: Sensitivity to ocean mixing, buoyancy forcing, particle sinking, and dissolved organic matter cycling Author: Eby, M., Giraud, X., Oschlies, Andreas, Schmittner, Andreas, Simmons, H. L. A new model of the marine ecosystem coupled into a global Earth System Climate Model suitable for long-term (multimillennial timescale) simulations is presented. The model is based on nitrate as the sole limiting nutrient. Prognostic equations for nutrients, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus are solved online in the three-dimensional ocean circulation model component. Experiments with different parameterizations of vertical mixing, including a scheme of tidally driven mixing, changes in buoyancy forcing in the Southern Ocean, different particle sinking velocities, and the inclusion of dissolved organic matter are performed, and the results are compared with observations. The results reemphasize the roles of Southern Ocean freshwater forcing and diapycnal mixing in the low-latitude pycnocline in setting the global deep water circulation and properties. The influence of high mixing in the Southern Ocean as inferred from observations is much more limited. The deep water circulation also has a strong influence on the marine ecosystem and nutrient distributions. We demonstrate that larger values of vertical diffusion lead to a shallower nutricline due to increased upwelling. Export production and nutrient distributions respond sensitively to changes in mixing and to the ratio of particle sinking to remineralization in the upper ocean. The best fits to global measurements of temperature, salinity, deep ocean radiocarbon, mixed layer depth, nutrients, and chlorophyll are obtained for values of vertical mixing in the pycnocline of around 0.2–0.3 X 10-4 m2/s and for e-folding depth for particle remineralization of 100–200 m. A simple parameterization of dissolved organic matter dynamics increases primary production and nutrient concentrations in the upper ocean and improves chlorophyll distributions in the subtropical gyres but has no discernible influence on particulate export fluxes. Remaining model deficiencies are identified, and strategies for future model improvement are outlined. Close

• 16. [Article] Building Ecological-Economic Models and Scenarios of Marine Resource Systems

  presentation

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Building Ecological-Economic Models and Scenarios of Marine Resource Systems Author: Thebaud, Olivier, Planque, Benjamin, Mahévas, Stéphanie, Vermard, Youen, Smith, Anthony D.M., Lample, Michel, Macher, Claire, Mullon, Christian, Innes, James, Quaas, Martin F., Doyen, Luc presentation Title: Building Ecological-Economic Models and Scenarios of Marine Resource Systems Author: Thebaud, Olivier, Planque, Benjamin, Mahévas, Stéphanie, Vermard, Youen, Smith, Anthony D.M., Lample, Michel, Macher, Claire, Mullon, Christian, Innes, James, Quaas, Martin F., Doyen, Luc presentation Close

• 17. [Article] Implications of bycatch reduction strategies for the economic viability of mixed fisheries

  There is growing recognition worldwide that the impacts of fishing on non-targeted components of marine ecosystems should be included in the assessment of fisheries sustainability. This leads to the inclusion ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Implications of bycatch reduction strategies for the economic viability of mixed fisheries Author: Thebaud, Olivier, Martinet, Vincent There is growing recognition worldwide that the impacts of fishing on non-targeted components of marine ecosystems should be included in the assessment of fisheries sustainability. This leads to the inclusion of new constraints in evaluations of the long-term bio-economic performance of fisheries. In this paper, we analyze the implications of such constraints based on the case of bycatch of juvenile hake in the Bay of Biscay (ICES area VIIIa,b) trawl fishery for nephrops. The analysis is based on a discrete time model of the trawl fishery including an age-structured representation of stock dynamics, with uncertainty. We define sustainability using the viability framework of analysis: viability objectives are represented as constraints which relate to the economic status of the fishing fleet and to the biological status of fish stocks. We include an ecological constraint defined as a minimal target threshold for the recruitment of mature hakes, which is related to the fishing mortality induced by trawlers on juvenile hake. Based on stochastic analysis, we define the probability that both economic and ecosystemic constraints are met, as a function of the level of these constraints. We use the model to assess the sustainability of the fishery under different scenarios as regards bycatch reduction strategies. Title: Implications of bycatch reduction strategies for the economic viability of mixed fisheries Author: Thebaud, Olivier, Martinet, Vincent There is growing recognition worldwide that the impacts of fishing on non-targeted components of marine ecosystems should be included in the assessment of fisheries sustainability. This leads to the inclusion of new constraints in evaluations of the long-term bio-economic performance of fisheries. In this paper, we analyze the implications of such constraints based on the case of bycatch of juvenile hake in the Bay of Biscay (ICES area VIIIa,b) trawl fishery for nephrops. The analysis is based on a discrete time model of the trawl fishery including an age-structured representation of stock dynamics, with uncertainty. We define sustainability using the viability framework of analysis: viability objectives are represented as constraints which relate to the economic status of the fishing fleet and to the biological status of fish stocks. We include an ecological constraint defined as a minimal target threshold for the recruitment of mature hakes, which is related to the fishing mortality induced by trawlers on juvenile hake. Based on stochastic analysis, we define the probability that both economic and ecosystemic constraints are met, as a function of the level of these constraints. We use the model to assess the sustainability of the fishery under different scenarios as regards bycatch reduction strategies. Close

• 18. [Article] MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystems.pdf

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystems.pdf Author: Menge, Bruce A., Nielsen, Karina J., Chan, Francis, Gouhier, Tarik C., Hacker, Sally D. Title: MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystems.pdf Author: Menge, Bruce A., Nielsen, Karina J., Chan, Francis, Gouhier, Tarik C., Hacker, Sally D. Close

• 19. [Article] MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystemsAppendix-A.pdf

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystemsAppendix-A.pdf Author: Menge, Bruce A., Nielsen, Karina J., Chan, Francis, Hacker, Sally D., Gouhier, Tarik C. Title: MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystemsAppendix-A.pdf Author: Menge, Bruce A., Nielsen, Karina J., Chan, Francis, Hacker, Sally D., Gouhier, Tarik C. Close

• 20. [Article] MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystemsAppendix-B.pdf

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystemsAppendix-B.pdf Author: Menge, Bruce A., Nielsen, Karina J., Chan, Francis, Hacker, Sally D., Gouhier, Tarik C. Title: MengeBruceIntegrativeBiologyAreMetaEcosystemsAppendix-B.pdf Author: Menge, Bruce A., Nielsen, Karina J., Chan, Francis, Hacker, Sally D., Gouhier, Tarik C. Close

• 21. [Article] Functional responses and scaling in predator–prey interactions of marine fishes: contemporary issues and emerging concepts

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. The published article is copyrighted by Wiley-Blackwell and can be found at: http:...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Functional responses and scaling in predator–prey interactions of marine fishes: contemporary issues and emerging concepts Author: Hunsicker, Mary E., Kitchell, James F., Chan, Kung-Sik, Ciannelli, Lorenzo, Vollset, Knut, White, J. Wilson, Gaichas, Sarah, Bailey, Kevin Mclean, Johnson, Darren W., Sydeman, William J., Hixon, Mark A., Anderson, Todd W., Englund, Goran, Essington, Timothy E., Hurst, Thomas, Frank, Kenneth T., Sjodin, Henrik, Chen, Kun, Rose, George A., Link, Jason S., Freitas, Vania, Buckel, Jeffrey A., Zador, Stephani, van der Veer, Henk W., Reese, Doug, Brodeur, Richard D. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. The published article is copyrighted by Wiley-Blackwell and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/. Title: Functional responses and scaling in predator–prey interactions of marine fishes: contemporary issues and emerging concepts Author: Hunsicker, Mary E., Kitchell, James F., Chan, Kung-Sik, Ciannelli, Lorenzo, Vollset, Knut, White, J. Wilson, Gaichas, Sarah, Bailey, Kevin Mclean, Johnson, Darren W., Sydeman, William J., Hixon, Mark A., Anderson, Todd W., Englund, Goran, Essington, Timothy E., Hurst, Thomas, Frank, Kenneth T., Sjodin, Henrik, Chen, Kun, Rose, George A., Link, Jason S., Freitas, Vania, Buckel, Jeffrey A., Zador, Stephani, van der Veer, Henk W., Reese, Doug, Brodeur, Richard D. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. The published article is copyrighted by Wiley-Blackwell and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/. Close

• 22. [Article] Culturing Experiments to Determine the Nutrient Requirement for Exopolymer Production in Lentisphaera araneosa

  Lentisphaera araneosa is a marine microorganism, and its production of expolymer plays an important role in marine ecosystem. The exopolymer production in L. araneosa is studied by measuring the growth ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Culturing Experiments to Determine the Nutrient Requirement for Exopolymer Production in Lentisphaera araneosa Author: Lee, Connie Lentisphaera araneosa is a marine microorganism, and its production of expolymer plays an important role in marine ecosystem. The exopolymer production in L. araneosa is studied by measuring the growth of bacteria (in cells/mL) and the viscosity of the medium (in centistokes) under different treatments. The treatment without serine and the treatment without glucose both allow higher cell growth and higher TEP production than the control group. These two treatments may lead to a new nutrient recipe for the cultivation of L. araneosa. Title: Culturing Experiments to Determine the Nutrient Requirement for Exopolymer Production in Lentisphaera araneosa Author: Lee, Connie Lentisphaera araneosa is a marine microorganism, and its production of expolymer plays an important role in marine ecosystem. The exopolymer production in L. araneosa is studied by measuring the growth of bacteria (in cells/mL) and the viscosity of the medium (in centistokes) under different treatments. The treatment without serine and the treatment without glucose both allow higher cell growth and higher TEP production than the control group. These two treatments may lead to a new nutrient recipe for the cultivation of L. araneosa. Close

• 23. [Article] Coastal upwelling in a warmer future

  Coastal upwelling helps set the physical context for marine ecosystems, and upwelling zones are among the most productive regions of the global ocean. Unlike earlier models, two state-of-the-art climate ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Coastal upwelling in a warmer future Author: Mote, Philip W., Mantua, Nathan J. Coastal upwelling helps set the physical context for marine ecosystems, and upwelling zones are among the most productive regions of the global ocean. Unlike earlier models, two state-of-the-art climate models exhibit little change during the next century in the magnitude and seasonality of coastal upwelling, but climate models are still probably not sufficiently developed (for example, they underestimate interdecadal variability in upwelling) to provide valid projections of this key component of the coastal environment. Title: Coastal upwelling in a warmer future Author: Mote, Philip W., Mantua, Nathan J. Coastal upwelling helps set the physical context for marine ecosystems, and upwelling zones are among the most productive regions of the global ocean. Unlike earlier models, two state-of-the-art climate models exhibit little change during the next century in the magnitude and seasonality of coastal upwelling, but climate models are still probably not sufficiently developed (for example, they underestimate interdecadal variability in upwelling) to provide valid projections of this key component of the coastal environment. Close

• 24. [Article] Ecosystem Services Valuation: An Overview of Methods, Values, and Applications

  The literature on ecosystem service valuation has grown considerably in the past decade as nations around the world have moved towards adopting more holistic, systems-level frameworks to managing both ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ecosystem Services Valuation: An Overview of Methods, Values, and Applications Author: Lew, Dan The literature on ecosystem service valuation has grown considerably in the past decade as nations around the world have moved towards adopting more holistic, systems-level frameworks to managing both marine and terrestrial resources, ones recognizing and accounting for the interconnectedness of all parts of the ecosystem.  In these frameworks, economic values are often desired to fully understand trade-offs involving human uses and policy interventions on the ecosystem.  In this presentation, I provide an overview of the methods used to estimate the economic value of marine ecosystem services with an emphasis on non-market valuation methods.  Additionally, I describe and assess the literature in terms of the types of ecosystem services for which economic values are or could be estimated, the methods used, and examples of studies that illustrate the methods.  In addition, I discuss benefit transfer methods used for transferring ecosystem service values for use in policy applications. Title: Ecosystem Services Valuation: An Overview of Methods, Values, and Applications Author: Lew, Dan The literature on ecosystem service valuation has grown considerably in the past decade as nations around the world have moved towards adopting more holistic, systems-level frameworks to managing both marine and terrestrial resources, ones recognizing and accounting for the interconnectedness of all parts of the ecosystem.  In these frameworks, economic values are often desired to fully understand trade-offs involving human uses and policy interventions on the ecosystem.  In this presentation, I provide an overview of the methods used to estimate the economic value of marine ecosystem services with an emphasis on non-market valuation methods.  Additionally, I describe and assess the literature in terms of the types of ecosystem services for which economic values are or could be estimated, the methods used, and examples of studies that illustrate the methods.  In addition, I discuss benefit transfer methods used for transferring ecosystem service values for use in policy applications. Close

• 25. [Article] Ecosystems at Risk: The Contribution of Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries to Identify Problems and Evaluate Potential Solutions

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ecosystems at Risk: The Contribution of Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries to Identify Problems and Evaluate Potential Solutions Author: Villanueva, Maria Concepcion, Christensen, Villy, Aiken, Karl A. Research Paper Title: Ecosystems at Risk: The Contribution of Ecosystem Approaches to Fisheries to Identify Problems and Evaluate Potential Solutions Author: Villanueva, Maria Concepcion, Christensen, Villy, Aiken, Karl A. Research Paper Close

• 26. [Article] Bio-Economic Analysis for Arctic Marine Resource Management Policy

  Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bio-Economic Analysis for Arctic Marine Resource Management Policy Author: Vestergaard, Niels Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Title: Bio-Economic Analysis for Arctic Marine Resource Management Policy Author: Vestergaard, Niels Year: 2016 Suggested Bibliographic Reference: Challenging New Frontiers in the Global Seafood Sector: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Biennial Conference of the International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade, July 11-15, 2016. Compiled by Stefani J. Evers and Ann L. Shriver. International Institute of Fisheries Economics and Trade (IIFET), Corvallis, 2016. Close

• 27. [Article] Assessing the Impact of Mpas on Recreational Uses of A Marine Ecosystem: the Case of the Côte Bleue Marine Park (France)

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing the Impact of Mpas on Recreational Uses of A Marine Ecosystem: the Case of the Côte Bleue Marine Park (France) Author: Charbonnel, Eric, Le Direach, Laurence, Lavisse, Elodie, Wilson, James, Alban, Frédérique, Roncin, Nicolas, Boncoeur, Jean Abstract only. Title: Assessing the Impact of Mpas on Recreational Uses of A Marine Ecosystem: the Case of the Côte Bleue Marine Park (France) Author: Charbonnel, Eric, Le Direach, Laurence, Lavisse, Elodie, Wilson, James, Alban, Frédérique, Roncin, Nicolas, Boncoeur, Jean Abstract only. Close

• 28. [Article] Linking ecology, economics, and fleet dynamics to evaluate alternative management strategies for US West Coast trawl fisheries

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Linking ecology, economics, and fleet dynamics to evaluate alternative management strategies for US West Coast trawl fisheries Author: Kaplan, Isaac, Fulton, Elizabeth, Holland, Daniel Abstract only. Title: Linking ecology, economics, and fleet dynamics to evaluate alternative management strategies for US West Coast trawl fisheries Author: Kaplan, Isaac, Fulton, Elizabeth, Holland, Daniel Abstract only. Close

• 29. [Article] Modeling ocean ecosystems: The PARADIGM program

  THE ROLE OF THE OCEANS in Earth systems ecology, and the effects of climate variability on the ocean and its ecosystems, can be understood only by observing, describing, and ultimately predicting the state ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Modeling ocean ecosystems: The PARADIGM program Author: Denman, Ken, Cullen, John, Spitz, Yvette, Abbott, Mark R., Doney, Scott, Hoffman, Eileen, Chassignet, Eric, Yoder, James, Ducklow, Hugh, McGillicuddy, Dennis, Maltrud, Mathew, Karl, David, Olascoaga, M., Fennel, Katja, Rothstein, Lewis, McClain, Chuck, Haidvogel, Dale, Kindle, John, Wiggert, Jerry, Follows, Mick, Lima, Ivan THE ROLE OF THE OCEANS in Earth systems ecology, and the effects of climate variability on the ocean and its ecosystems, can be understood only by observing, describing, and ultimately predicting the state of the ocean as a physically forced ecological and biogeochemical system. This is a daunting but exciting challenge, because the ocean-atmosphere system is dynamically linked, and oceanic habitats are both diverse and complex, providing tremendous variety in environmental conditions and associated life forms. And paradoxically, as we learn more and more about ocean life, for example, through the genomics revolution (Doney et al., 2004), the number of unanswered questions increases. Models, be they conceptual, statistical, or numerical simulations, are useful and necessary tools for studying the complex interactions that influence ecosystem structure and function. Originally, a primary function of marine ecosystem models was to help in the development of understanding; also, they were applied in fisheries models to predict the abundance of specific commercial fish stocks. Now, they are being asked to do much more. On local and regional scales, there is growing recognition that management of marine resources and assessment of human perturbations must encompass the whole ecosystem, not individual species. Extending further to basin and global scales, the potential impacts of global change present an immediate challenge, nationally and globally, to define and execute responsive strategies, based to a large extent on the predictions of interdisciplinary global models that must be validated by comparison with measurements. Consequently, the ultimate objective of any comprehensive marine ecosystem modeling program must be the development and implementation of reliable forecast systems, guided by and validated with systematic observations of the sea. Title: Modeling ocean ecosystems: The PARADIGM program Author: Denman, Ken, Cullen, John, Spitz, Yvette, Abbott, Mark R., Doney, Scott, Hoffman, Eileen, Chassignet, Eric, Yoder, James, Ducklow, Hugh, McGillicuddy, Dennis, Maltrud, Mathew, Karl, David, Olascoaga, M., Fennel, Katja, Rothstein, Lewis, McClain, Chuck, Haidvogel, Dale, Kindle, John, Wiggert, Jerry, Follows, Mick, Lima, Ivan THE ROLE OF THE OCEANS in Earth systems ecology, and the effects of climate variability on the ocean and its ecosystems, can be understood only by observing, describing, and ultimately predicting the state of the ocean as a physically forced ecological and biogeochemical system. This is a daunting but exciting challenge, because the ocean-atmosphere system is dynamically linked, and oceanic habitats are both diverse and complex, providing tremendous variety in environmental conditions and associated life forms. And paradoxically, as we learn more and more about ocean life, for example, through the genomics revolution (Doney et al., 2004), the number of unanswered questions increases. Models, be they conceptual, statistical, or numerical simulations, are useful and necessary tools for studying the complex interactions that influence ecosystem structure and function. Originally, a primary function of marine ecosystem models was to help in the development of understanding; also, they were applied in fisheries models to predict the abundance of specific commercial fish stocks. Now, they are being asked to do much more. On local and regional scales, there is growing recognition that management of marine resources and assessment of human perturbations must encompass the whole ecosystem, not individual species. Extending further to basin and global scales, the potential impacts of global change present an immediate challenge, nationally and globally, to define and execute responsive strategies, based to a large extent on the predictions of interdisciplinary global models that must be validated by comparison with measurements. Consequently, the ultimate objective of any comprehensive marine ecosystem modeling program must be the development and implementation of reliable forecast systems, guided by and validated with systematic observations of the sea. Close

• 30. [Article] Assessing the Impact of Marine Protected Areas on Recreational Uses of a Marine Ecosystem: The Case of Scuba Diving

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing the Impact of Marine Protected Areas on Recreational Uses of a Marine Ecosystem: The Case of Scuba Diving Author: Boncoeur, Jean, Alban, Frederique Research Paper Title: Assessing the Impact of Marine Protected Areas on Recreational Uses of a Marine Ecosystem: The Case of Scuba Diving Author: Boncoeur, Jean, Alban, Frederique Research Paper Close

• 31. [Article] Exploring local adaptation and the ocean acidification seascape – studies in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. The published article can ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Exploring local adaptation and the ocean acidification seascape – studies in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem Author: Washburn, L., Chan, Francis, LaVigne, M., Rose, J. M., Sanford, E., Blanchette, C. A., Kelly, M. W., Gaylord, B., Hill, T. M., Dutton, J. M., Menge, B. A., McManus, M. A., Kapsenberg, L., Evans, T. G., Hofmann, G. E., Padilla-Gamiño, J. L. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. The published article can be found at: http://www.biogeosciences.net/. Title: Exploring local adaptation and the ocean acidification seascape – studies in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem Author: Washburn, L., Chan, Francis, LaVigne, M., Rose, J. M., Sanford, E., Blanchette, C. A., Kelly, M. W., Gaylord, B., Hill, T. M., Dutton, J. M., Menge, B. A., McManus, M. A., Kapsenberg, L., Evans, T. G., Hofmann, G. E., Padilla-Gamiño, J. L. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the author(s) and published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. The published article can be found at: http://www.biogeosciences.net/. Close

• 32. [Article] Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Annual Reviews and can be found at: http://www.annualreviews.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems Author: Ruckelshaus, Mary, English, Chad A., Chan, Francis, Grebmeier, Jacqueline M., Hollowed, Anne B., Galindo, Heather M., Barry, James P., Duffy, J. Emmett, Sydeman, William J., Knowlton, Nancy, Talley, Lynne D., Doney, Scott C., Polovina, Jeffrey, Rabalais, Nancy N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Annual Reviews and can be found at: http://www.annualreviews.org/. Title: Climate Change Impacts on Marine Ecosystems Author: Ruckelshaus, Mary, English, Chad A., Chan, Francis, Grebmeier, Jacqueline M., Hollowed, Anne B., Galindo, Heather M., Barry, James P., Duffy, J. Emmett, Sydeman, William J., Knowlton, Nancy, Talley, Lynne D., Doney, Scott C., Polovina, Jeffrey, Rabalais, Nancy N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Annual Reviews and can be found at: http://www.annualreviews.org/. Close

• 33. [Article] The Economic Consequences of Regime Shifts in Marine Ecosystems

  Abstract only

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Economic Consequences of Regime Shifts in Marine Ecosystems Author: Gola, Lorena, Quaas, Martin Abstract only Title: The Economic Consequences of Regime Shifts in Marine Ecosystems Author: Gola, Lorena, Quaas, Martin Abstract only Close

• 34. [Article] Prey dominance shapes trophic structure of the northern California Current pelagic food web: evidence from stable isotopes and diet analysis

  The published version of this article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found here: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Prey dominance shapes trophic structure of the northern California Current pelagic food web: evidence from stable isotopes and diet analysis Author: Miller, Todd W., Rau, Greg, Omori, Koji, Brodeur, Richard D. The published version of this article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found here: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/ Title: Prey dominance shapes trophic structure of the northern California Current pelagic food web: evidence from stable isotopes and diet analysis Author: Miller, Todd W., Rau, Greg, Omori, Koji, Brodeur, Richard D. The published version of this article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and can be found here: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/ Close

• 35. [Article] Climate Impacts on Zooplankton Population Dynamics in Coastal Marine Ecosystems

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Oceanography ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Climate Impacts on Zooplankton Population Dynamics in Coastal Marine Ecosystems Author: Runge, Jeffrey A., Daly, Kendra L., Davis, Cabell S., Peterson, William T., Ohman, Mark D., Batchelder, Harold P., Ji, Rubao To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Oceanography Society and can be found at: http://www.tos.org/oceanography/index.html. Title: Climate Impacts on Zooplankton Population Dynamics in Coastal Marine Ecosystems Author: Runge, Jeffrey A., Daly, Kendra L., Davis, Cabell S., Peterson, William T., Ohman, Mark D., Batchelder, Harold P., Ji, Rubao To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Oceanography Society and can be found at: http://www.tos.org/oceanography/index.html. Close

• 36. [Article] Fishermen's Values Concerning the Queen Conch and Lobster in Boca de Yuma, East National Park, Dominican Republic

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fishermen's Values Concerning the Queen Conch and Lobster in Boca de Yuma, East National Park, Dominican Republic Author: Ruiz, Victor Research Paper Title: Fishermen's Values Concerning the Queen Conch and Lobster in Boca de Yuma, East National Park, Dominican Republic Author: Ruiz, Victor Research Paper Close

• 37. [Article] Recovering Fisheries from Crisis or Collapse: How to Shorten Impact Time of International Research Cooperation

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Recovering Fisheries from Crisis or Collapse: How to Shorten Impact Time of International Research Cooperation Author: Failler, Pierre, Christensen, Villy, Opitz, Silvia, Nauen, Cornelia E., Thatje, Sven Research Paper Title: Recovering Fisheries from Crisis or Collapse: How to Shorten Impact Time of International Research Cooperation Author: Failler, Pierre, Christensen, Villy, Opitz, Silvia, Nauen, Cornelia E., Thatje, Sven Research Paper Close

• 38. [Article] Can Catch Shares Prevent Fisheries Collapse?

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Can Catch Shares Prevent Fisheries Collapse? Author: Gaines, Steve, Costello, Chris, Lynham, John Abstract only. Title: Can Catch Shares Prevent Fisheries Collapse? Author: Gaines, Steve, Costello, Chris, Lynham, John Abstract only. Close

• 39. [Article] The science of European marine reserves: Status, efficacy, and future needs

  This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/marine-policy/....

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The science of European marine reserves: Status, efficacy, and future needs Author: Lester, Sarah E., Sorensen, Thomas K., Fenberg, Phillip B., Guidetti, Paolo, McAllen, Rob, Claudet, Joachim, Planes, Serge, Garcia-Charton, Jose Antonio, Gaines, Steven D., Grorud-Colvert, Kirsten, Jenkins, Stuart R., Jones, Peter J. S., Goncalves, Emanuel J., Moland, Even, Caselle, Jennifer E., Clemence, Michaela This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/marine-policy/. Title: The science of European marine reserves: Status, efficacy, and future needs Author: Lester, Sarah E., Sorensen, Thomas K., Fenberg, Phillip B., Guidetti, Paolo, McAllen, Rob, Claudet, Joachim, Planes, Serge, Garcia-Charton, Jose Antonio, Gaines, Steven D., Grorud-Colvert, Kirsten, Jenkins, Stuart R., Jones, Peter J. S., Goncalves, Emanuel J., Moland, Even, Caselle, Jennifer E., Clemence, Michaela This is the author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/marine-policy/. Close

• 40. [Article] Evaluating tradeoffs among ecosystem services to inform marine spatial planning

  This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/marine-policy/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluating tradeoffs among ecosystem services to inform marine spatial planning Author: Gaines, Steven D., Halpern, Benjamin S., Lester, Sarah E., Barth, John A., White, Crow, Costello, Christopher This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/marine-policy/. Title: Evaluating tradeoffs among ecosystem services to inform marine spatial planning Author: Gaines, Steven D., Halpern, Benjamin S., Lester, Sarah E., Barth, John A., White, Crow, Costello, Christopher This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/marine-policy/. Close

• 41. [Article] Implementing Ecosystem Management in International Fisheries Organizations Through Adaptive Management: The Potential for Future Change

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Implementing Ecosystem Management in International Fisheries Organizations Through Adaptive Management: The Potential for Future Change Author: Mossop, Joanna Research Paper Title: Implementing Ecosystem Management in International Fisheries Organizations Through Adaptive Management: The Potential for Future Change Author: Mossop, Joanna Research Paper Close

• 42. [Article] An evaluation of the establishment and continued effectiveness of the Galápagos National Park and Marine Reserve in Ecuador

  Conservation of natural resources has become a new watchword of the scientific community. While many terrestrial ecosystems are well protected, marine ecosystems have only recently come to the forefront. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An evaluation of the establishment and continued effectiveness of the Galápagos National Park and Marine Reserve in Ecuador Author: Asson, Danielle Conservation of natural resources has become a new watchword of the scientific community. While many terrestrial ecosystems are well protected, marine ecosystems have only recently come to the forefront. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been introduced as a means of protecting biodiversity, commercial stocks, and ecosystem services. There are many social, ecological, and economic considerations to be addressed for a marine reserve to be effective from a biological and social perspective. In 1998 the Special Law of the Galápagos created the Galápagos Marine Reserve, and instituted a participatory management scheme for local and governmental cooperation in management. The foundations of the Special Law are strong, however many problems plague the islands, including rapid growth of the population and the tourism industry, and a great deal of non-compliance with reserve regulations in the form of violent protests and illegal fisheries. Feelings of legitimacy must be fostered among the local populations through significant improvements in education to enhance stakeholder participation, and increased funding to the National Park to allow for effective enforcement of the regulations. Increasing visitor fees is a potential source of new income to be used for park management and improving local resources, especially education. Title: An evaluation of the establishment and continued effectiveness of the Galápagos National Park and Marine Reserve in Ecuador Author: Asson, Danielle Conservation of natural resources has become a new watchword of the scientific community. While many terrestrial ecosystems are well protected, marine ecosystems have only recently come to the forefront. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been introduced as a means of protecting biodiversity, commercial stocks, and ecosystem services. There are many social, ecological, and economic considerations to be addressed for a marine reserve to be effective from a biological and social perspective. In 1998 the Special Law of the Galápagos created the Galápagos Marine Reserve, and instituted a participatory management scheme for local and governmental cooperation in management. The foundations of the Special Law are strong, however many problems plague the islands, including rapid growth of the population and the tourism industry, and a great deal of non-compliance with reserve regulations in the form of violent protests and illegal fisheries. Feelings of legitimacy must be fostered among the local populations through significant improvements in education to enhance stakeholder participation, and increased funding to the National Park to allow for effective enforcement of the regulations. Increasing visitor fees is a potential source of new income to be used for park management and improving local resources, especially education. Close

• 43. [Article] Under the Sea: An evaluation of the establishment and continued effectiveness of the Galápagos National Park and Marine Reserve in Ecuador

  Conservation of natural resources has become a new watchword of the scientific community. While many terrestrial ecosystems are well protected, marine ecosystems have only recently come to the forefront. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Under the Sea: An evaluation of the establishment and continued effectiveness of the Galápagos National Park and Marine Reserve in Ecuador Author: Asson, Danielle C. Conservation of natural resources has become a new watchword of the scientific community. While many terrestrial ecosystems are well protected, marine ecosystems have only recently come to the forefront. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been introduced as a means of protecting biodiversity, commercial stocks, and ecosystem services. There are many social, ecological, and economic considerations to be addressed for a marine reserve to be effective from a biological and social perspective. In 1998 the Special Law of the Galápagos created the Galápagos Marine Reserve, and instituted a participatory management scheme for local and governmental cooperation in management. The foundations of the Special Law are strong, however many problems plague the islands, including rapid growth of the population and the tourism industry, and a great deal of non-compliance with reserve regulations in the form of violent protests and illegal fisheries. Feelings of legitimacy must be fostered among the local populations through significant improvements in education to enhance stakeholder participation, and increased funding to the National Park to allow for effective enforcement of the regulations. Increasing visitor fees is a potential source of new income to be used for park management and improving local resources, especially education. Title: Under the Sea: An evaluation of the establishment and continued effectiveness of the Galápagos National Park and Marine Reserve in Ecuador Author: Asson, Danielle C. Conservation of natural resources has become a new watchword of the scientific community. While many terrestrial ecosystems are well protected, marine ecosystems have only recently come to the forefront. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been introduced as a means of protecting biodiversity, commercial stocks, and ecosystem services. There are many social, ecological, and economic considerations to be addressed for a marine reserve to be effective from a biological and social perspective. In 1998 the Special Law of the Galápagos created the Galápagos Marine Reserve, and instituted a participatory management scheme for local and governmental cooperation in management. The foundations of the Special Law are strong, however many problems plague the islands, including rapid growth of the population and the tourism industry, and a great deal of non-compliance with reserve regulations in the form of violent protests and illegal fisheries. Feelings of legitimacy must be fostered among the local populations through significant improvements in education to enhance stakeholder participation, and increased funding to the National Park to allow for effective enforcement of the regulations. Increasing visitor fees is a potential source of new income to be used for park management and improving local resources, especially education. Close

• 44. [Article] Marine Reserves and Marine Protected Areas: A Case Study in Oregon and a Proposed National Model for Design and Implementation

  In this report, I examine the process of establishing marine reserves and marine protected areas both from a national and a state perspective. In order to do so, I have investigated the implementation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Marine Reserves and Marine Protected Areas: A Case Study in Oregon and a Proposed National Model for Design and Implementation Author: Perry, Alex In this report, I examine the process of establishing marine reserves and marine protected areas both from a national and a state perspective. In order to do so, I have investigated the implementation process currently underway in Oregon. Specifically, I have chosen to perform a case study of the process at Redfish Rocks Marine Reserve and Marine Protected Area. I chose this example because of the commendable approach taken by the community of Port Orford in proposing their site and performing extensive baseline data collection in submitting their proposal. The Port Orford community demonstrated great marine resource stewardship and a forward‐minded approach to conservation and sustainability for their living marine resources in putting together their submission. Finally, the goal of this paper is to present the lessons learned in the form of a proposed template for communities and fisheries managers to follow in the proposal and implementation process of designating and establishing marine reserves and marine protected areas both locally and nationally. It is my hope that such a proposal could be used to standardize a national approach to designation and implementation across Regional Fishery Management Councils (RFMCs) and their associated regional marine ecosystems within the United States. Title: Marine Reserves and Marine Protected Areas: A Case Study in Oregon and a Proposed National Model for Design and Implementation Author: Perry, Alex In this report, I examine the process of establishing marine reserves and marine protected areas both from a national and a state perspective. In order to do so, I have investigated the implementation process currently underway in Oregon. Specifically, I have chosen to perform a case study of the process at Redfish Rocks Marine Reserve and Marine Protected Area. I chose this example because of the commendable approach taken by the community of Port Orford in proposing their site and performing extensive baseline data collection in submitting their proposal. The Port Orford community demonstrated great marine resource stewardship and a forward‐minded approach to conservation and sustainability for their living marine resources in putting together their submission. Finally, the goal of this paper is to present the lessons learned in the form of a proposed template for communities and fisheries managers to follow in the proposal and implementation process of designating and establishing marine reserves and marine protected areas both locally and nationally. It is my hope that such a proposal could be used to standardize a national approach to designation and implementation across Regional Fishery Management Councils (RFMCs) and their associated regional marine ecosystems within the United States. Close

• 45. [Article] Modeling the impact of declining sea ice on the Arctic marine planktonic ecosystem

  We have developed a coupled 3‐D pan‐Arctic biology/sea ice/ocean model to investigate the impact of declining Arctic sea ice on the marine planktonic ecosystem over 1988–2007. The biophysical model results ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Modeling the impact of declining sea ice on the Arctic marine planktonic ecosystem Author: Zhang, Jinlun, Ashjian, Carin, Campbell, Robert, Steele, Michael, Matrai, Patricia, Berline, Léo, Spitz, Yvette H. We have developed a coupled 3‐D pan‐Arctic biology/sea ice/ocean model to investigate the impact of declining Arctic sea ice on the marine planktonic ecosystem over 1988–2007. The biophysical model results agree with satellite observations of a generally downward trend in summer sea ice extent during 1988–2007, resulting in an increase in the simulated photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at the ocean surface and marine primary productivity (PP) in the upper 100 m over open water areas of the Arctic Ocean. The simulated Arctic sea ice thickness has decreased steadily during 1988–2007, leading to an increase in PAR and PP in sea ice‐covered areas. The simulated total PAR in all areas of the Arctic Ocean has increased by 43%, from 146 TW in 1988 to 209 TW in 2007; the corresponding total PP has increased by 50%, from 456 Tg C yr−1 in 1988 to 682 Tg C yr−1 in 2007. The simulated PAR and PP increases mainly occur in the seasonally and permanently ice‐covered Arctic Ocean. In addition to increasing PAR, the decline in sea ice tends to increase the nutrient availability in the euphotic zone by enhancing air‐sea momentum transfer, leading to strengthened upwelling and mixing in the water column and therefore increased nutrient input into the upper ocean layers from below. The increasing nutrient availability also contributes to the increase in the simulated PP, even though significant surface nutrient drawdown in summer is simulated. In conjunction with increasing surface absorption of solar radiation and rising surface air temperature, the increasing surface water temperature in the Arctic Ocean peripheral seas further contributes to the increase in PP. As PP has increased, so has the simulated biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Title: Modeling the impact of declining sea ice on the Arctic marine planktonic ecosystem Author: Zhang, Jinlun, Ashjian, Carin, Campbell, Robert, Steele, Michael, Matrai, Patricia, Berline, Léo, Spitz, Yvette H. We have developed a coupled 3‐D pan‐Arctic biology/sea ice/ocean model to investigate the impact of declining Arctic sea ice on the marine planktonic ecosystem over 1988–2007. The biophysical model results agree with satellite observations of a generally downward trend in summer sea ice extent during 1988–2007, resulting in an increase in the simulated photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) at the ocean surface and marine primary productivity (PP) in the upper 100 m over open water areas of the Arctic Ocean. The simulated Arctic sea ice thickness has decreased steadily during 1988–2007, leading to an increase in PAR and PP in sea ice‐covered areas. The simulated total PAR in all areas of the Arctic Ocean has increased by 43%, from 146 TW in 1988 to 209 TW in 2007; the corresponding total PP has increased by 50%, from 456 Tg C yr−1 in 1988 to 682 Tg C yr−1 in 2007. The simulated PAR and PP increases mainly occur in the seasonally and permanently ice‐covered Arctic Ocean. In addition to increasing PAR, the decline in sea ice tends to increase the nutrient availability in the euphotic zone by enhancing air‐sea momentum transfer, leading to strengthened upwelling and mixing in the water column and therefore increased nutrient input into the upper ocean layers from below. The increasing nutrient availability also contributes to the increase in the simulated PP, even though significant surface nutrient drawdown in summer is simulated. In conjunction with increasing surface absorption of solar radiation and rising surface air temperature, the increasing surface water temperature in the Arctic Ocean peripheral seas further contributes to the increase in PP. As PP has increased, so has the simulated biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Close

• 46. [Article] MicroSoar : a high speed microstructure profiling system

  As ocean ecosystems continue to deteriorate in the face of human induced pressures, marine management professionals are increasingly being urged to predict the impacts of various activities on ocean ecosystems. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MicroSoar : a high speed microstructure profiling system Author: May, Glenn H. As ocean ecosystems continue to deteriorate in the face of human induced pressures, marine management professionals are increasingly being urged to predict the impacts of various activities on ocean ecosystems. Many ecosystem interactions are still not adequately understood, so managers often turn to scientists to provide data and analysis on impacts resulting from specific actions. One important physical ocean process in need of more empirical data is microscale turbulence. Because it is responsible for mixing across isopycnal surfaces in stratified waters, turbulence is important in many physical, chemical and biological processes in the ocean. An elementary description of turbulence and mixing is presented along with a summary of the role of turbulence in marine ecosystems. In order to be of use to scientists, turbulence must be measured over large areas of the ocean. This paper presents a discussion of techniques for measuring turbulence. Measurements of turbulence are specialized and costly. A new microstructure data acqusition system was developed to acquire microstructure data eight times faster than present methods allow. The design details of the high-speed microstructure data acquisition system called MicroSoar are presented along with some preliminary data obtained from its deployment on actual cruises. Title: MicroSoar : a high speed microstructure profiling system Author: May, Glenn H. As ocean ecosystems continue to deteriorate in the face of human induced pressures, marine management professionals are increasingly being urged to predict the impacts of various activities on ocean ecosystems. Many ecosystem interactions are still not adequately understood, so managers often turn to scientists to provide data and analysis on impacts resulting from specific actions. One important physical ocean process in need of more empirical data is microscale turbulence. Because it is responsible for mixing across isopycnal surfaces in stratified waters, turbulence is important in many physical, chemical and biological processes in the ocean. An elementary description of turbulence and mixing is presented along with a summary of the role of turbulence in marine ecosystems. In order to be of use to scientists, turbulence must be measured over large areas of the ocean. This paper presents a discussion of techniques for measuring turbulence. Measurements of turbulence are specialized and costly. A new microstructure data acqusition system was developed to acquire microstructure data eight times faster than present methods allow. The design details of the high-speed microstructure data acquisition system called MicroSoar are presented along with some preliminary data obtained from its deployment on actual cruises. Close

• 47. [Article] Confronting the implementation of marine ecosystem-based management within the European Common Fisheries Policy Reform

  Abstract Only

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Confronting the implementation of marine ecosystem-based management within the European Common Fisheries Policy Reform Author: Curtin, Richard, Prellezo, Raul Abstract Only Title: Confronting the implementation of marine ecosystem-based management within the European Common Fisheries Policy Reform Author: Curtin, Richard, Prellezo, Raul Abstract Only Close

• 48. [Article] Underwater acoustic measurements of the WET-NZ device at Oregon State University’s ocean test facility

  Potential impacts from sound transmitted by wave energy conversion (WEC) devices on marine ecosystems are not well understood and remain an important environmental concern for the developing marine hydrokinetic ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Underwater acoustic measurements of the WET-NZ device at Oregon State University’s ocean test facility Author: Haxel, Joseph Potential impacts from sound transmitted by wave energy conversion (WEC) devices on marine ecosystems are not well understood and remain an important environmental concern for the developing marine hydrokinetic renewable energy industry. On August 22, 2012 the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) began a test deployment of a WEC device at Oregon State University’s ocean test facility (OTF) off the coast of Newport, Oregon (figure 1). The operational Wave Energy Technologies – New Zealand (WET-NZ) device provides the first opportunity to measure acoustic changes in the ambient sound field resulting from WEC technology testing at NNMREC’s mobile OTF. The main objective of the acoustic measurements included in this initial report is to determine if the WET-NZ device under test transmits acoustic energy above National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) marine mammal harassment thresholds. Title: Underwater acoustic measurements of the WET-NZ device at Oregon State University’s ocean test facility Author: Haxel, Joseph Potential impacts from sound transmitted by wave energy conversion (WEC) devices on marine ecosystems are not well understood and remain an important environmental concern for the developing marine hydrokinetic renewable energy industry. On August 22, 2012 the Northwest National Marine Renewable Energy Center (NNMREC) began a test deployment of a WEC device at Oregon State University’s ocean test facility (OTF) off the coast of Newport, Oregon (figure 1). The operational Wave Energy Technologies – New Zealand (WET-NZ) device provides the first opportunity to measure acoustic changes in the ambient sound field resulting from WEC technology testing at NNMREC’s mobile OTF. The main objective of the acoustic measurements included in this initial report is to determine if the WET-NZ device under test transmits acoustic energy above National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) marine mammal harassment thresholds. Close

• 49. [Article] Climate Change Effects on the Economics and Management of World Fisheries

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  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Climate Change Effects on the Economics and Management of World Fisheries Author: Hotte, Ngaio, Sumaila, Rashid Abstract Only Title: Climate Change Effects on the Economics and Management of World Fisheries Author: Hotte, Ngaio, Sumaila, Rashid Abstract Only Close

• 50. [Article] Cointegration: A tool for Ecosystem-Based Conservation and Management of Fisheries

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Cointegration: A tool for Ecosystem-Based Conservation and Management of Fisheries Author: Fissel, Ben, Carson, Richard, Schlenker, Wolfram Abstract only. Title: Cointegration: A tool for Ecosystem-Based Conservation and Management of Fisheries Author: Fissel, Ben, Carson, Richard, Schlenker, Wolfram Abstract only. Close