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• 901. [Article] Phytophthora ramorum colonizes tanoak xylem and is associated with reduced stem water transport

  Isolation, detection with diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microscopy demonstrated the presence of Phytophthora ramorum in the sapwood of mature, naturally infected tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Phytophthora ramorum colonizes tanoak xylem and is associated with reduced stem water transport Author: Oh, E., Parke, J. L., Lachenbruch, B., Buckles, G., Hansen, E. M., Voelker, S. Isolation, detection with diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microscopy demonstrated the presence of Phytophthora ramorum in the sapwood of mature, naturally infected tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) trees. The pathogen was strongly associated with discolored sapwood (P < 0.001), and was recovered or detected from 83% of discolored sapwood tissue samples. Hyphae were abundant in the xylem vessels, ray parenchyma, and fiber tracheids. Chlamydospores were observed in the vessels. Studies of log inoculation indicated that P. ramorum readily colonized sapwood from inoculum placed in the bark, cambium, or sapwood. After 8 weeks, radial spread of P. ramorum in sapwood averaged 3.0 to 3.3 cm and axial spread averaged 12.4 to 18.8 cm. A field study was conducted to determine if trees with infected xylem had reduced sap flux and reduced specific conductivity relative to noninfected control trees. Sap flux was monitored with heat-diffusion sensors and tissue samples near the sensors were subsequently tested for P. ramorum. Adjacent wood sections were excised and specific conductivity measured. Both midday sap flux and specific conductivity were significantly reduced in infected trees versus noninfected control trees. Vessel diameter distributions did not differ significantly among the two treatments, but tyloses were more abundant in infected than in noninfected trees. Implications for pathogenesis, symptomology, and epidemiology are discussed. Title: Phytophthora ramorum colonizes tanoak xylem and is associated with reduced stem water transport Author: Oh, E., Parke, J. L., Lachenbruch, B., Buckles, G., Hansen, E. M., Voelker, S. Isolation, detection with diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and microscopy demonstrated the presence of Phytophthora ramorum in the sapwood of mature, naturally infected tanoak (Lithocarpus densiflorus) trees. The pathogen was strongly associated with discolored sapwood (P < 0.001), and was recovered or detected from 83% of discolored sapwood tissue samples. Hyphae were abundant in the xylem vessels, ray parenchyma, and fiber tracheids. Chlamydospores were observed in the vessels. Studies of log inoculation indicated that P. ramorum readily colonized sapwood from inoculum placed in the bark, cambium, or sapwood. After 8 weeks, radial spread of P. ramorum in sapwood averaged 3.0 to 3.3 cm and axial spread averaged 12.4 to 18.8 cm. A field study was conducted to determine if trees with infected xylem had reduced sap flux and reduced specific conductivity relative to noninfected control trees. Sap flux was monitored with heat-diffusion sensors and tissue samples near the sensors were subsequently tested for P. ramorum. Adjacent wood sections were excised and specific conductivity measured. Both midday sap flux and specific conductivity were significantly reduced in infected trees versus noninfected control trees. Vessel diameter distributions did not differ significantly among the two treatments, but tyloses were more abundant in infected than in noninfected trees. Implications for pathogenesis, symptomology, and epidemiology are discussed. Close

• 902. [Article] Effect of wetting on performance of small-scale shear walls

  Wood shear walls are the main lateral force-resisting system for wood-frame construction. Water intrusion and subsequent decay around connections can significantly impact shear wall behavior, but these ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effect of wetting on performance of small-scale shear walls Author: Morrell, Jeffrey J., Sinha, Arijit, King, David T. Wood shear walls are the main lateral force-resisting system for wood-frame construction. Water intrusion and subsequent decay around connections can significantly impact shear wall behavior, but these problems are seldom studied. In this study, effects of water intrusion and fungal attack on shear wall capacity were examined using small-scale (610- x 610-mm) shear walls that were monitored with time using destructive monotonic tests. Results were compared with tests of dry and water control samples. Although fungal colonization was not successful under the conditions tested, wetting (with or without fungal inoculation) produced interesting effects on shear wall capacity. Wetting alone initially increased shear wall capacity, possibly because of fastener corrosion. Observations and digital image correlation data suggest that tensile forces in the uplift corner of the shear walls governed failure modes, which were primarily nail withdrawal, nail pull-through, flake debonding, and cross-grain tension. Wetting affected rigidity of oriented strandboard and led to more frequent nail pull-through. Although failure loads did not differ between the groups, failure modes and displacement at maximum load suggested decreased performance of wetted shear walls. The results suggest that slight amounts (8% overall) of wetting do not negatively affect shear wall performance. However, the effects of prolonged wetting on capacity merit further study. Title: Effect of wetting on performance of small-scale shear walls Author: Morrell, Jeffrey J., Sinha, Arijit, King, David T. Wood shear walls are the main lateral force-resisting system for wood-frame construction. Water intrusion and subsequent decay around connections can significantly impact shear wall behavior, but these problems are seldom studied. In this study, effects of water intrusion and fungal attack on shear wall capacity were examined using small-scale (610- x 610-mm) shear walls that were monitored with time using destructive monotonic tests. Results were compared with tests of dry and water control samples. Although fungal colonization was not successful under the conditions tested, wetting (with or without fungal inoculation) produced interesting effects on shear wall capacity. Wetting alone initially increased shear wall capacity, possibly because of fastener corrosion. Observations and digital image correlation data suggest that tensile forces in the uplift corner of the shear walls governed failure modes, which were primarily nail withdrawal, nail pull-through, flake debonding, and cross-grain tension. Wetting affected rigidity of oriented strandboard and led to more frequent nail pull-through. Although failure loads did not differ between the groups, failure modes and displacement at maximum load suggested decreased performance of wetted shear walls. The results suggest that slight amounts (8% overall) of wetting do not negatively affect shear wall performance. However, the effects of prolonged wetting on capacity merit further study. Close

• 903. [Article] Stream temperature and streamside cover 14-17 years after clearcutting along small forested streams, western Oregon

  This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Society of American Foresters and can be found at: http://www.safnet.org/public...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stream temperature and streamside cover 14-17 years after clearcutting along small forested streams, western Oregon Author: Newton, Mike, Cole, Liz This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Society of American Foresters and can be found at: http://www.safnet.org/publications/western/index.cfm. Title: Stream temperature and streamside cover 14-17 years after clearcutting along small forested streams, western Oregon Author: Newton, Mike, Cole, Liz This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Society of American Foresters and can be found at: http://www.safnet.org/publications/western/index.cfm. Close

• 904. [Article] Variability in expression of anadromy by female Oncorhynchus mykiss within a river network

  We described and predicted spatial variation in marine migration (anadromy) of female Oncorhynchus mykiss in the John Day River watershed, Oregon. We collected 149 juvenile O. mykiss across 72 sites and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Variability in expression of anadromy by female Oncorhynchus mykiss within a river network Author: Zimmerman, Christian E., Jordan, Chris E., McMillan, John R., Mills, Justin S., Dunham, Jason B., Reeves, Gordon H. We described and predicted spatial variation in marine migration (anadromy) of female Oncorhynchus mykiss in the John Day River watershed, Oregon. We collected 149 juvenile O. mykiss across 72 sites and identified locations used by anadromous females by assigning maternal origin (anadromous versus non-anadromous) to each juvenile. These assignments used comparisons of strontium to calcium ratios in otolith primordia and freshwater growth regions to indicate maternal origin. We used logistic regression to predict probability of anadromy in relation to mean annual stream runoff using data from a subset of individuals. This model correctly predicted anadromy in a second sample of individuals with a moderate level of accuracy (e.g., 68% correctly predicted with a 0.5 classification threshold). Residuals from the models were not spatially autocorrelated, suggesting that remaining variability in the expression of anadromy was due to localized influences, as opposed to broad-scale gradients unrelated to mean annual stream runoff. These results are important for the management of O. mykiss because anadromous individuals (steelhead) within the John Day River watershed are listed as a threatened species, and it is difficult to discern juvenile steelhead from non-anadromous individuals (rainbow trout) in the field. Our results provide a broad-scale description and prediction of locations supporting anadromy, and new insight for habitat restoration, monitoring, and research to better manage and understand the expression of anadromy in O. mykiss. Title: Variability in expression of anadromy by female Oncorhynchus mykiss within a river network Author: Zimmerman, Christian E., Jordan, Chris E., McMillan, John R., Mills, Justin S., Dunham, Jason B., Reeves, Gordon H. We described and predicted spatial variation in marine migration (anadromy) of female Oncorhynchus mykiss in the John Day River watershed, Oregon. We collected 149 juvenile O. mykiss across 72 sites and identified locations used by anadromous females by assigning maternal origin (anadromous versus non-anadromous) to each juvenile. These assignments used comparisons of strontium to calcium ratios in otolith primordia and freshwater growth regions to indicate maternal origin. We used logistic regression to predict probability of anadromy in relation to mean annual stream runoff using data from a subset of individuals. This model correctly predicted anadromy in a second sample of individuals with a moderate level of accuracy (e.g., 68% correctly predicted with a 0.5 classification threshold). Residuals from the models were not spatially autocorrelated, suggesting that remaining variability in the expression of anadromy was due to localized influences, as opposed to broad-scale gradients unrelated to mean annual stream runoff. These results are important for the management of O. mykiss because anadromous individuals (steelhead) within the John Day River watershed are listed as a threatened species, and it is difficult to discern juvenile steelhead from non-anadromous individuals (rainbow trout) in the field. Our results provide a broad-scale description and prediction of locations supporting anadromy, and new insight for habitat restoration, monitoring, and research to better manage and understand the expression of anadromy in O. mykiss. Close

• 905. [Article] Natural-Channel-Design Restorations That Changed Geomorphology Have Little Effect on Macroinvertebrate Communities in Headwater Streams

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291526-100X. To the best of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Natural-Channel-Design Restorations That Changed Geomorphology Have Little Effect on Macroinvertebrate Communities in Headwater Streams Author: Ernst, Anne G., Baldigo, Barry P., Warren, Dana R. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291526-100X. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Title: Natural-Channel-Design Restorations That Changed Geomorphology Have Little Effect on Macroinvertebrate Communities in Headwater Streams Author: Ernst, Anne G., Baldigo, Barry P., Warren, Dana R. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/%28ISSN%291526-100X. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Close

• 906. [Article] Greater Sage-Grouse movements and habitat use during winter in central Oregon

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Brigham Young University and can be found at: https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/ojs/index.php/wnan.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Greater Sage-Grouse movements and habitat use during winter in central Oregon Author: Miller, Richard F., Bruce, Jennifer R., Petersen, Steven L., Robinson, W. Douglas This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Brigham Young University and can be found at: https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/ojs/index.php/wnan. Title: Greater Sage-Grouse movements and habitat use during winter in central Oregon Author: Miller, Richard F., Bruce, Jennifer R., Petersen, Steven L., Robinson, W. Douglas This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Brigham Young University and can be found at: https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/ojs/index.php/wnan. Close

• 907. [Article] Effects of water withdrawals on macroinvertebrate emergence: Unexpected results for three holometabolous species

  This is a scanned version of a published article. The original can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291535-1467. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effects of water withdrawals on macroinvertebrate emergence: Unexpected results for three holometabolous species Author: Wooster, D., Brown, P. D., DeBano, S. J., Johnson, S. L. This is a scanned version of a published article. The original can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291535-1467. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Title: Effects of water withdrawals on macroinvertebrate emergence: Unexpected results for three holometabolous species Author: Wooster, D., Brown, P. D., DeBano, S. J., Johnson, S. L. This is a scanned version of a published article. The original can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291535-1467. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Close

• 908. [Article] A Multi-Year Longitudinal Study of Water Quality Parameters in Four Salmon-Bearing and Recreational Streams on Mount Hood, Oregon

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Public Library of Science and can be found at: http://www.plos.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Multi-Year Longitudinal Study of Water Quality Parameters in Four Salmon-Bearing and Recreational Streams on Mount Hood, Oregon Author: Banet, Nathan, Alexander, David, Kolmes, Elijah, Wasowski, Ronald, Roemer, Derek, Haines, Morgan, Kolmes, Steven, Webber, Sarah, Card, Amy, Northcutt, Kelly This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Public Library of Science and can be found at: http://www.plos.org/. Title: A Multi-Year Longitudinal Study of Water Quality Parameters in Four Salmon-Bearing and Recreational Streams on Mount Hood, Oregon Author: Banet, Nathan, Alexander, David, Kolmes, Elijah, Wasowski, Ronald, Roemer, Derek, Haines, Morgan, Kolmes, Steven, Webber, Sarah, Card, Amy, Northcutt, Kelly This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Public Library of Science and can be found at: http://www.plos.org/. Close

• 909. [Article] Niche partitioning by lesser prairie-chickens Tympanuchus pallidicinctus and ring-necked pheasants Phasianus colchicus in southwestern Kansas.

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by Nordic Council for Wildlife Research and published by Oikos Editorial Office. It can be found at: http://www.wildlifebiology.org/

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Niche partitioning by lesser prairie-chickens Tympanuchus pallidicinctus and ring-necked pheasants Phasianus colchicus in southwestern Kansas. Author: Robel, Robert J., Applegate, Roger D., Loughin, Thomas M., Hagen, Chrisitan A., Pitman, James C. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by Nordic Council for Wildlife Research and published by Oikos Editorial Office. It can be found at: http://www.wildlifebiology.org/ Title: Niche partitioning by lesser prairie-chickens Tympanuchus pallidicinctus and ring-necked pheasants Phasianus colchicus in southwestern Kansas. Author: Robel, Robert J., Applegate, Roger D., Loughin, Thomas M., Hagen, Chrisitan A., Pitman, James C. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article is copyrighted by Nordic Council for Wildlife Research and published by Oikos Editorial Office. It can be found at: http://www.wildlifebiology.org/ Close

• 910. [Article] Survival Rates of Northern Spotted Owls in Post-fire Landscapes of Southwest Oregon

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. and can be found at: http://www.bioone.org/loi/rapt.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Survival Rates of Northern Spotted Owls in Post-fire Landscapes of Southwest Oregon Author: Andrews, Lawrence S., Clark, Darren A., Anthony, Robert G. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. and can be found at: http://www.bioone.org/loi/rapt. Title: Survival Rates of Northern Spotted Owls in Post-fire Landscapes of Southwest Oregon Author: Andrews, Lawrence S., Clark, Darren A., Anthony, Robert G. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. and can be found at: http://www.bioone.org/loi/rapt. Close