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• 51. [Article] Shelfbreak upwelling induced by alongshore currents: analytical and numerical results

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Cambridge University Press and can be found at: http://www.cambridge.org/home/home/item5655304/?site_locale=en_US.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Shelfbreak upwelling induced by alongshore currents: analytical and numerical results Author: Palma, Elbio D., Matano, Ricardo P., Miller, Robert N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Cambridge University Press and can be found at: http://www.cambridge.org/home/home/item5655304/?site_locale=en_US. Title: Shelfbreak upwelling induced by alongshore currents: analytical and numerical results Author: Palma, Elbio D., Matano, Ricardo P., Miller, Robert N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Cambridge University Press and can be found at: http://www.cambridge.org/home/home/item5655304/?site_locale=en_US. Close

• 52. [Article] Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation in Barrow Canyon

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jpo/index.html.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation in Barrow Canyon Author: Shroyer, E. L. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jpo/index.html. Title: Turbulent Kinetic Energy Dissipation in Barrow Canyon Author: Shroyer, E. L. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Meteorological Society and can be found at: http://www.ametsoc.org/pubs/journals/jpo/index.html. Close

• 53. [Article] Physical parameters as tracers of Columbia River water

  Hydrographic and bathythermograph data taken off the Oregon coast during a two week period in August of 1969 were analyzed to determine if heat content and mixed layer depth may be used as indicators of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Physical parameters as tracers of Columbia River water Author: Evans, Richard H. Hydrographic and bathythermograph data taken off the Oregon coast during a two week period in August of 1969 were analyzed to determine if heat content and mixed layer depth may be used as indicators of Columbia River plume water. Heat content was found to be a poor indicator of plume water because of large additions of heat to the plume as the waters flowed southward and because the layer over which heat content was integrated (0 to 20 meters) was inconsistent with the depth of the plume. High variability among observations made analysis of mixed layer depth difficult and reduced its utility as an indicator of plume waters. Hydrographic sections taken during the summer months off Oregon from 1960 through 1969 were also examined. The axis of the Columbia River plume was located in 70 instances. The salinity axis was found to lie inshore of the temperature axis by a mean distance of 8.5 nautical miles. This displacement increased downstream and was most pronounced in July and August. A simple model showed the displacement to be the result of a large temperature gradient across the nearshore portion of the plume pynocline. Title: Physical parameters as tracers of Columbia River water Author: Evans, Richard H. Hydrographic and bathythermograph data taken off the Oregon coast during a two week period in August of 1969 were analyzed to determine if heat content and mixed layer depth may be used as indicators of Columbia River plume water. Heat content was found to be a poor indicator of plume water because of large additions of heat to the plume as the waters flowed southward and because the layer over which heat content was integrated (0 to 20 meters) was inconsistent with the depth of the plume. High variability among observations made analysis of mixed layer depth difficult and reduced its utility as an indicator of plume waters. Hydrographic sections taken during the summer months off Oregon from 1960 through 1969 were also examined. The axis of the Columbia River plume was located in 70 instances. The salinity axis was found to lie inshore of the temperature axis by a mean distance of 8.5 nautical miles. This displacement increased downstream and was most pronounced in July and August. A simple model showed the displacement to be the result of a large temperature gradient across the nearshore portion of the plume pynocline. Close

• 54. [Article] Hydrothermal fluid circulation through the sediment of Crater Lake, Oregon: Pore water and heat flow constraints

  Copyrighted by American Geophysical Union.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hydrothermal fluid circulation through the sediment of Crater Lake, Oregon: Pore water and heat flow constraints Author: Dymond, Jack, Wheat, C. Geoffrey, McManus, James, Collier, Robert W., Whiticar, Michael Copyrighted by American Geophysical Union. Title: Hydrothermal fluid circulation through the sediment of Crater Lake, Oregon: Pore water and heat flow constraints Author: Dymond, Jack, Wheat, C. Geoffrey, McManus, James, Collier, Robert W., Whiticar, Michael Copyrighted by American Geophysical Union. Close

• 55. [Article] Some factors influencing the trends of salmon populations in Oregon

  Three factors were found to be significantly correlated with the fluctuations and trends in silver salmon production in Oregon. Logging was found to adversely affect the runs of salmon in later years. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Some factors influencing the trends of salmon populations in Oregon Author: Johnson, Donald R., Oregon. Fish Commission, Hodges, John I., McKernan, Donald L. (Donald Lynn), 1918-1979 Three factors were found to be significantly correlated with the fluctuations and trends in silver salmon production in Oregon. Logging was found to adversely affect the runs of salmon in later years. Exceptional winter floods seem to produce poor resulting runs. Low summer water flows also appear to produce lower than average runs on some rivers, while higher summer flows appear to be followed by an increase in the resultant runs. The intensity of fishing was also found to affect the subsequent productivity of the fisheries. Increases in fishing effort on the rivers studied were followed in succeeding cycles by a lower catch, and when the fishing effort declined the ensuing production of silver salmon generally increased. Other factors studied did not bear a significant relationship to the fluctuations or trends of productivity of silver salmon. Title: Some factors influencing the trends of salmon populations in Oregon Author: Johnson, Donald R., Oregon. Fish Commission, Hodges, John I., McKernan, Donald L. (Donald Lynn), 1918-1979 Three factors were found to be significantly correlated with the fluctuations and trends in silver salmon production in Oregon. Logging was found to adversely affect the runs of salmon in later years. Exceptional winter floods seem to produce poor resulting runs. Low summer water flows also appear to produce lower than average runs on some rivers, while higher summer flows appear to be followed by an increase in the resultant runs. The intensity of fishing was also found to affect the subsequent productivity of the fisheries. Increases in fishing effort on the rivers studied were followed in succeeding cycles by a lower catch, and when the fishing effort declined the ensuing production of silver salmon generally increased. Other factors studied did not bear a significant relationship to the fluctuations or trends of productivity of silver salmon. Close

• 56. [Article] Conifer : a model of carbon and water flow through a coniferous forest : revised documentation

  CONIFER simulates water, carbon, and energy dynamics of a coniferous forest. The model consists of 29 nonlinear difference equations. Measured driving variables include air temperature, dew point temperature, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Conifer : a model of carbon and water flow through a coniferous forest : revised documentation Author: Sollins, P., Brown, Alfred T., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Swartzman, G. L. (Gordon L.) CONIFER simulates water, carbon, and energy dynamics of a coniferous forest. The model consists of 29 nonlinear difference equations. Measured driving variables include air temperature, dew point temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, and wind speed. Water and energy variables are updated daily; carbon variables are updated weekly. This report contains a detailed description of the model including all equations, parameter values, and initial conditions. Cross-reference tables list the equations in which each variable and parameter appear. Listings of the driving variable data, computer implementation, and corresponding output are also provided. Information sources and model behavior are discussed elsewhere. Title: Conifer : a model of carbon and water flow through a coniferous forest : revised documentation Author: Sollins, P., Brown, Alfred T., U.S. International Biological Program. Coniferous Forest Biome, Swartzman, G. L. (Gordon L.) CONIFER simulates water, carbon, and energy dynamics of a coniferous forest. The model consists of 29 nonlinear difference equations. Measured driving variables include air temperature, dew point temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, and wind speed. Water and energy variables are updated daily; carbon variables are updated weekly. This report contains a detailed description of the model including all equations, parameter values, and initial conditions. Cross-reference tables list the equations in which each variable and parameter appear. Listings of the driving variable data, computer implementation, and corresponding output are also provided. Information sources and model behavior are discussed elsewhere. Close

• 57. [Article] Momentum transfer in climbing-film flow in an annular duct

  Momentum transfer in an annular duct with upward gas-Iiquid flow was studied under the condition that the liquid flowed as a film only on the inner core of the annulus, the outer wall remaining dry. Previous ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Momentum transfer in climbing-film flow in an annular duct Author: Kim, Duk Hwang Momentum transfer in an annular duct with upward gas-Iiquid flow was studied under the condition that the liquid flowed as a film only on the inner core of the annulus, the outer wall remaining dry. Previous workers have studied climbing and falling liquid films in tubes or on vertical planes. With this type of apparatus it is very difficult to study pressure losses, gas velocity profiles, and the structure of the climbing film. The difficulty has been overcome by forming a liquid film on the inner core and maintaining a dry outer wall of an annular duct. The column consists of a three-inch I.D. outer tube with a concentric one-inch O.D. inner core. The inner tube was supported laterally by sets of streamlined centering screws. The total length of the column was about 35 feet and the test section was 20 feet long. All measurements were made at two stations, the first was 76 inches from the liquid injector, the second 154 inches from the liquid injector. The liquid injector is a porous stainless steel cylinder with one inch O.D. and two inch length. The air flow rates varied from 170 cfm to 410 cfm at 1 atmosphere pressure and 68° F temperature. The water flow rates used were 0.47 lbm/min and 0.79 lbm/min. The study has two major divisions. First division is the study of the mechanics of the air flow in the annulus as it is affected by the presence of the climbing film of liquid. This portion of the study involves an investigation of velocity profiles, the point of maximum velocity, friction losses, and the role of capillary waves in the annular flow. It was found that: 1) the pressure loss for climbing film flow in an annulus can be predicted by the Lockhart and Martinelli correlation for two-phase flow in tubes, 2) the capillary waves of the climbing film affect only the location of the point of maximum air velocity and the air velocity profile at the inner portion of the annulue, 3) the location of the point of maximum air velocity shuts to the outer wall as water film is introduced, 4) the air velocity profiles in the inner portion of the annulus with the film present, plotted as u⁺ versus y⁺, are shifted downward, relative to those for annular flow without the film, although they have same slope. The second part is the study of the mechanics of flow of a climbing water film which has a solid wall as one boundary and highly turbulent air stream as the other. The mean film thickness, wave length, and amplitude of the climbing film were measured by a photographic method. This method gave good results in the measurement of mean film thickness at the lower and moderate air velocities. However, the wave length and amplitude determined by this method have only a qualitative significance, because of the irregularity of wave shapes. With increasing air flow rates, the film thickness, wave length, and amplitude decreased. Generally the ratio of wave length to amplitude varied between 20 to 30. As a first approximation, Kapitza's theory of wave formation in the vertical plane with downward flow, based on laminar conditions, was extended to the climbing film in an annular duct in order to obtain an expression for the mean film thickness, the velocity profile of liquid film, and the wave length. Comparison between the prediction and the experiment was found to be reasonably good, The mean film thickness data for climbing film flow in an annulus was correlated with the Lockhart and Martinelli parameters, R[subscript L] and X, and was compared with the correlation for climbing film flow in a tube. If a unique correlation for climbing film flow in both tubes and annuli exists (this is the original proposal of Lockhart and Martinelli), it would appear that the region in the vicinity of x = 0.01 is a transition region. More data at high water flow rates are necessary to reach a general conclusion concerning the correlation. Title: Momentum transfer in climbing-film flow in an annular duct Author: Kim, Duk Hwang Momentum transfer in an annular duct with upward gas-Iiquid flow was studied under the condition that the liquid flowed as a film only on the inner core of the annulus, the outer wall remaining dry. Previous workers have studied climbing and falling liquid films in tubes or on vertical planes. With this type of apparatus it is very difficult to study pressure losses, gas velocity profiles, and the structure of the climbing film. The difficulty has been overcome by forming a liquid film on the inner core and maintaining a dry outer wall of an annular duct. The column consists of a three-inch I.D. outer tube with a concentric one-inch O.D. inner core. The inner tube was supported laterally by sets of streamlined centering screws. The total length of the column was about 35 feet and the test section was 20 feet long. All measurements were made at two stations, the first was 76 inches from the liquid injector, the second 154 inches from the liquid injector. The liquid injector is a porous stainless steel cylinder with one inch O.D. and two inch length. The air flow rates varied from 170 cfm to 410 cfm at 1 atmosphere pressure and 68° F temperature. The water flow rates used were 0.47 lbm/min and 0.79 lbm/min. The study has two major divisions. First division is the study of the mechanics of the air flow in the annulus as it is affected by the presence of the climbing film of liquid. This portion of the study involves an investigation of velocity profiles, the point of maximum velocity, friction losses, and the role of capillary waves in the annular flow. It was found that: 1) the pressure loss for climbing film flow in an annulus can be predicted by the Lockhart and Martinelli correlation for two-phase flow in tubes, 2) the capillary waves of the climbing film affect only the location of the point of maximum air velocity and the air velocity profile at the inner portion of the annulue, 3) the location of the point of maximum air velocity shuts to the outer wall as water film is introduced, 4) the air velocity profiles in the inner portion of the annulus with the film present, plotted as u⁺ versus y⁺, are shifted downward, relative to those for annular flow without the film, although they have same slope. The second part is the study of the mechanics of flow of a climbing water film which has a solid wall as one boundary and highly turbulent air stream as the other. The mean film thickness, wave length, and amplitude of the climbing film were measured by a photographic method. This method gave good results in the measurement of mean film thickness at the lower and moderate air velocities. However, the wave length and amplitude determined by this method have only a qualitative significance, because of the irregularity of wave shapes. With increasing air flow rates, the film thickness, wave length, and amplitude decreased. Generally the ratio of wave length to amplitude varied between 20 to 30. As a first approximation, Kapitza's theory of wave formation in the vertical plane with downward flow, based on laminar conditions, was extended to the climbing film in an annular duct in order to obtain an expression for the mean film thickness, the velocity profile of liquid film, and the wave length. Comparison between the prediction and the experiment was found to be reasonably good, The mean film thickness data for climbing film flow in an annulus was correlated with the Lockhart and Martinelli parameters, R[subscript L] and X, and was compared with the correlation for climbing film flow in a tube. If a unique correlation for climbing film flow in both tubes and annuli exists (this is the original proposal of Lockhart and Martinelli), it would appear that the region in the vicinity of x = 0.01 is a transition region. More data at high water flow rates are necessary to reach a general conclusion concerning the correlation. Close

• 58. [Article] Chemical features of the Columbia River plume off Oregon

  An intensive chemical investigation, that includes the determinations of salinity, oxygen, nutrients, pH, alkalinity, and total carbon dioxide of the Columbia River plume off the Oregon coast in July 1967 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Chemical features of the Columbia River plume off Oregon Author: Cissell, Milton Charles An intensive chemical investigation, that includes the determinations of salinity, oxygen, nutrients, pH, alkalinity, and total carbon dioxide of the Columbia River plume off the Oregon coast in July 1967 shows the following unique features: 1. Along the axis of the river plume both the salinity minimum and temperature maximum occur. The location of these extrema at zero, ten, twenty meters depths differ considerably, suggesting different patterns of water flow at different depths. 2. Throughout the plume region, at salinities less than 32.5%, the plume water is supersaturated with respect to dissolved oxygen, and a subsurface oxygen maximum exists at the depths of 3.0-50 meters. 3. The relationship between apparent oxygen production by marine organisms and nutrient concentrations shows biological production of dissolved oxygen is a definite cause for the oxygen supersaturation in the plume region. 4. The plume area off Oregon is a source of oxygen transfer from the ocean into the atmosphere. Title: Chemical features of the Columbia River plume off Oregon Author: Cissell, Milton Charles An intensive chemical investigation, that includes the determinations of salinity, oxygen, nutrients, pH, alkalinity, and total carbon dioxide of the Columbia River plume off the Oregon coast in July 1967 shows the following unique features: 1. Along the axis of the river plume both the salinity minimum and temperature maximum occur. The location of these extrema at zero, ten, twenty meters depths differ considerably, suggesting different patterns of water flow at different depths. 2. Throughout the plume region, at salinities less than 32.5%, the plume water is supersaturated with respect to dissolved oxygen, and a subsurface oxygen maximum exists at the depths of 3.0-50 meters. 3. The relationship between apparent oxygen production by marine organisms and nutrient concentrations shows biological production of dissolved oxygen is a definite cause for the oxygen supersaturation in the plume region. 4. The plume area off Oregon is a source of oxygen transfer from the ocean into the atmosphere. Close

• 59. [Article] Growth and production of salmonids exposed to a stabilized Kraft mill effluent in experimental stream channels

  The growth and production of brown trout, Salmo trutta Linnaeus, exposed to a concentration of 0.65 mg/l BOD (4.1 percent by volume) stabilized kraft mill effluent (KME) were studied from October 1973 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Growth and production of salmonids exposed to a stabilized Kraft mill effluent in experimental stream channels Author: Mower, Barry Francis The growth and production of brown trout, Salmo trutta Linnaeus, exposed to a concentration of 0.65 mg/l BOD (4.1 percent by volume) stabilized kraft mill effluent (KME) were studied from October 1973 until May 1974 in three experimental stream channels located near a kraft mill in Albany, Oregon. Growth rate was generrally influenced by stream temperature and was modified by changing food biomass until April, as productivities of the streams for fish constantly changed. On the basis of theoretical production-biomass and growth rate-biomass relationships developed from a model, there appeared to be no consistent adverse effect of 0.65 mg/l BOD SKME on the growth and production of brown trout. The model demonstrated possible periodic effects of SKME on growth and production. At times the fish may have been affected directly or indirectly through influences on the biomasses of important food organisms which were identified from analysis of trout stomach contents. In a separate experiment, the survival and development of steelhead, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, embryos and alevins were not adversely affected by the 0.65 mg/l BOD concentration of SKME in spawning channels under adequate conditions of water flow and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Title: Growth and production of salmonids exposed to a stabilized Kraft mill effluent in experimental stream channels Author: Mower, Barry Francis The growth and production of brown trout, Salmo trutta Linnaeus, exposed to a concentration of 0.65 mg/l BOD (4.1 percent by volume) stabilized kraft mill effluent (KME) were studied from October 1973 until May 1974 in three experimental stream channels located near a kraft mill in Albany, Oregon. Growth rate was generrally influenced by stream temperature and was modified by changing food biomass until April, as productivities of the streams for fish constantly changed. On the basis of theoretical production-biomass and growth rate-biomass relationships developed from a model, there appeared to be no consistent adverse effect of 0.65 mg/l BOD SKME on the growth and production of brown trout. The model demonstrated possible periodic effects of SKME on growth and production. At times the fish may have been affected directly or indirectly through influences on the biomasses of important food organisms which were identified from analysis of trout stomach contents. In a separate experiment, the survival and development of steelhead, Salmo gairdneri Richardson, embryos and alevins were not adversely affected by the 0.65 mg/l BOD concentration of SKME in spawning channels under adequate conditions of water flow and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Close

• 60. [Article] 2009 dryland agricultural research annual report

  Published June 2009. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 2009 dryland agricultural research annual report Author: Long, Dan, Petrie, S. E., Oregon State University. Agricultural Experiment Station Published June 2009. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: 2009 dryland agricultural research annual report Author: Long, Dan, Petrie, S. E., Oregon State University. Agricultural Experiment Station Published June 2009. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close