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• 41. [Article] Meta-Frontier Analysis of Intensive and Semi-Intensive Fish Farms in Ghana

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  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Meta-Frontier Analysis of Intensive and Semi-Intensive Fish Farms in Ghana Author: Onumah, Edward Abstract Only Title: Meta-Frontier Analysis of Intensive and Semi-Intensive Fish Farms in Ghana Author: Onumah, Edward Abstract Only Close

• 42. [Article] A plan for the development and the management of a farm in western Oregon

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A plan for the development and the management of a farm in western Oregon Author: Barto, Pauline Title: A plan for the development and the management of a farm in western Oregon Author: Barto, Pauline Close

• 43. [Article] The reclaiming of two abandoned coast farms in Lincoln County by the forest

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The reclaiming of two abandoned coast farms in Lincoln County by the forest Author: Taylor, Sam Title: The reclaiming of two abandoned coast farms in Lincoln County by the forest Author: Taylor, Sam Close

• 44. [Article] The utilization of plywood in farm construction

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The utilization of plywood in farm construction Author: White, Paul J. Title: The utilization of plywood in farm construction Author: White, Paul J. Close

• 45. [Article] The role of forestry in farm management

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The role of forestry in farm management Author: Woolf, Fred Title: The role of forestry in farm management Author: Woolf, Fred Close

• 46. [Article] Responsible shrimp farming in vietnam: call for promoting and strenthening community based management approaches

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Responsible shrimp farming in vietnam: call for promoting and strenthening community based management approaches Author: Nhuong, Tran Van Research Paper Title: Responsible shrimp farming in vietnam: call for promoting and strenthening community based management approaches Author: Nhuong, Tran Van Research Paper Close

• 47. [Article] Organic Aquaculture in Vietnam

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  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Organic Aquaculture in Vietnam Author: Nguyen, Dung Huu Abstract only. Title: Organic Aquaculture in Vietnam Author: Nguyen, Dung Huu Abstract only. Close

• 48. [Article] The impact of limited-access highways on agricultural land : national interstate route 5, Linn County, Oregon, a case study

  This study examines the impact of the recently constructed limited- access highway, Interstate 5, on agricultural land in Linn County, Oregon. More specifically it scrutinizes the quality and quantity ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The impact of limited-access highways on agricultural land : national interstate route 5, Linn County, Oregon, a case study Author: Schmidt, Robert Howard This study examines the impact of the recently constructed limited- access highway, Interstate 5, on agricultural land in Linn County, Oregon. More specifically it scrutinizes the quality and quantity of the land relinquished to the highway right -of -way; the effects on field boundaries, connectivity, mobility, drainage, land use, miscellaneous factors, and the attitudes of the farm operators in respect to the highway right -of -way taking. The analysis reveals that the right -of -way taking for Interstate 5 has made definite inroads on agricultural land, deleting an average of 39 acres of productive farm land per mile, and at the same time leaving 80 percent of the farms parcelled. The right -of -way taking for Interstate 5 had a greater impact on the operation of the average farm than indicated by the actual diminution of productive land. Drainage, connectivity, deformation in size and shape of fields, and unsatisfactory negotiations with the Highway Department were common complaints voiced by the farm operators. Changes in land use and land value were not advantageous, for the most part, to the farm operator. The large majority of the farm operators in Linn County stated that, ''they would gladly take back their original set -up (previous to the right -of -way taking) anytime ". On the basis of research findings the author concludes that the benefits for agriculture in the study area are minor in comparison with the detrimental influences brought about by Interstate 5. In view of the estimate that 80 percent of the mileage of the proposed 41, 000 mile National Interstate Highway system will traverse rural lands, and by the fact that the development of limited - access highways of today have had a multitude of effects on agricultural land and farming operations several recommendations are made. It is suggested that: 1) Consideration should be given to the soil quality and capability in planning the alignment of highways; 2) Personable and experienced personnel should be employed by the highway department for appraising and negotiation with farm operators; and 3) that farm operators should avail themselves of opportunities to ascertain knowledge of the ramifications brought about by the highway project. Title: The impact of limited-access highways on agricultural land : national interstate route 5, Linn County, Oregon, a case study Author: Schmidt, Robert Howard This study examines the impact of the recently constructed limited- access highway, Interstate 5, on agricultural land in Linn County, Oregon. More specifically it scrutinizes the quality and quantity of the land relinquished to the highway right -of -way; the effects on field boundaries, connectivity, mobility, drainage, land use, miscellaneous factors, and the attitudes of the farm operators in respect to the highway right -of -way taking. The analysis reveals that the right -of -way taking for Interstate 5 has made definite inroads on agricultural land, deleting an average of 39 acres of productive farm land per mile, and at the same time leaving 80 percent of the farms parcelled. The right -of -way taking for Interstate 5 had a greater impact on the operation of the average farm than indicated by the actual diminution of productive land. Drainage, connectivity, deformation in size and shape of fields, and unsatisfactory negotiations with the Highway Department were common complaints voiced by the farm operators. Changes in land use and land value were not advantageous, for the most part, to the farm operator. The large majority of the farm operators in Linn County stated that, ''they would gladly take back their original set -up (previous to the right -of -way taking) anytime ". On the basis of research findings the author concludes that the benefits for agriculture in the study area are minor in comparison with the detrimental influences brought about by Interstate 5. In view of the estimate that 80 percent of the mileage of the proposed 41, 000 mile National Interstate Highway system will traverse rural lands, and by the fact that the development of limited - access highways of today have had a multitude of effects on agricultural land and farming operations several recommendations are made. It is suggested that: 1) Consideration should be given to the soil quality and capability in planning the alignment of highways; 2) Personable and experienced personnel should be employed by the highway department for appraising and negotiation with farm operators; and 3) that farm operators should avail themselves of opportunities to ascertain knowledge of the ramifications brought about by the highway project. Close

• 49. [Article] An economic analysis of enterprise combinations on farms in the Willamette Valley

  Questionnaires were mailed to farmers in six counties of the Willamette Valley requesting the kind and size of enterprises and the gross income received from the enterprises on each farm. Enterprises were ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An economic analysis of enterprise combinations on farms in the Willamette Valley Author: Lange, John Erwin Questionnaires were mailed to farmers in six counties of the Willamette Valley requesting the kind and size of enterprises and the gross income received from the enterprises on each farm. Enterprises were defined both as general livestock or crop categories and as individual crop or livestock enterprises. Two computer programs were used to determine all the possible enterprise combinations and the number of times each occurred on the sample farms. Regression analysis was used to determine the economic relationships between enterprises in the predominant combinations. Livestock and hay, and grain and hay were each complementary combinations regardless of the size of the enterprises. Livestock and grain were complementary on farms with less than 38 acres of grain, and supplementary on farms with more than 38 acres. Hay was competitive with grass seed, livestock supplementary, and on farms with less than 120 acres of grass seed, grain was a complementary enterprise. When more grass seed was planted, grain became competitive. Small fruit and vegetables were supplementary enterprises, and clover seed was a complementary enterprise with grain and hay. Farms within the counties tended to combine enterprises in different ways, with the result that few enterprise combinations were found on a significant number of the sample farms. Significant combinations on Benton County farms were barley and wheat, and sheep and barley. Farms in Clackamas County which had strawberries, often had blackberries or raspberries, and alfalfa was usually grown with dairy or wheat. Farms in Linn County had rye grass in combination with wheat, feeders, tall fescue, and/or other seed crops. Marion County farms with sweet corn, pole beans, bush beans, or blackberries usually had strawberries, and wheat was often found with barley, feeders, alfalfa, sweet corn, and strawberries. Farms in Polk County which had barley and wheat usually raised sheep, oats, and/or alfalfa. Also, cherries and prunes were often found together. Enterprise combinations were the same on many of the farms in Yamhill County. Alfalfa, sheep, oats, clover hay, and/or clover seed were often found with the combination of barley and wheat, which was found on 65 percent of the sample farms. Conclusions reached in this study were that farmers in the Willamette Valley combine enterprises in such a way that risk and uncertainty are reduced through diversification, but not to the extent that enterprise competition for farm resources significantly reduces long run net farm income. Title: An economic analysis of enterprise combinations on farms in the Willamette Valley Author: Lange, John Erwin Questionnaires were mailed to farmers in six counties of the Willamette Valley requesting the kind and size of enterprises and the gross income received from the enterprises on each farm. Enterprises were defined both as general livestock or crop categories and as individual crop or livestock enterprises. Two computer programs were used to determine all the possible enterprise combinations and the number of times each occurred on the sample farms. Regression analysis was used to determine the economic relationships between enterprises in the predominant combinations. Livestock and hay, and grain and hay were each complementary combinations regardless of the size of the enterprises. Livestock and grain were complementary on farms with less than 38 acres of grain, and supplementary on farms with more than 38 acres. Hay was competitive with grass seed, livestock supplementary, and on farms with less than 120 acres of grass seed, grain was a complementary enterprise. When more grass seed was planted, grain became competitive. Small fruit and vegetables were supplementary enterprises, and clover seed was a complementary enterprise with grain and hay. Farms within the counties tended to combine enterprises in different ways, with the result that few enterprise combinations were found on a significant number of the sample farms. Significant combinations on Benton County farms were barley and wheat, and sheep and barley. Farms in Clackamas County which had strawberries, often had blackberries or raspberries, and alfalfa was usually grown with dairy or wheat. Farms in Linn County had rye grass in combination with wheat, feeders, tall fescue, and/or other seed crops. Marion County farms with sweet corn, pole beans, bush beans, or blackberries usually had strawberries, and wheat was often found with barley, feeders, alfalfa, sweet corn, and strawberries. Farms in Polk County which had barley and wheat usually raised sheep, oats, and/or alfalfa. Also, cherries and prunes were often found together. Enterprise combinations were the same on many of the farms in Yamhill County. Alfalfa, sheep, oats, clover hay, and/or clover seed were often found with the combination of barley and wheat, which was found on 65 percent of the sample farms. Conclusions reached in this study were that farmers in the Willamette Valley combine enterprises in such a way that risk and uncertainty are reduced through diversification, but not to the extent that enterprise competition for farm resources significantly reduces long run net farm income. Close

• 50. [Article] Spatial expressions of farm size changes in the Polk and Linn counties of Oregon

  The spatial organization of farm units in Polk and Linn counties in the mid-Willamette Valley has undergone significant change over the past 30 years. Whereas most study areas operations in the 1930's ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Spatial expressions of farm size changes in the Polk and Linn counties of Oregon Author: Van Otten, George A. The spatial organization of farm units in Polk and Linn counties in the mid-Willamette Valley has undergone significant change over the past 30 years. Whereas most study areas operations in the 1930's and 1940's consisted of small family owned farms with contiguous land bases, present mid-Willamette Valley units vary considerably in spatial organization, tenure patterns, and size. The purposes of this research are to determine the magnitude of farm size changes in the study area over the past 30 year; determine the spatial organization strategies underlying operator's choices of particular means of farm size changes; determine the means of farm size changes; assess the effects of farm size changes on the characteristics of agricultural land use in the study area; and determine the spatial characteristics of farm size changes. Approximately ten percent of the farmers in the study area (280) were interviewed concerning the spatial organization and evolution of their operations. Eight farms were selected for indepth case studies. The results of the farmer interviews were statistically treated by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program at Oregon State University. The results of farmer interviews indicate that full time commercial operators have steadily increased their land bases over the past 30 years. Interview data also reveal a large increase in the numbers of small part-time units and rural residences in the post World War II era. Renting and leasing of farm land is common in the study area, and as commercial farm operators continue to seek to enlarge the areal extent of their land, the competition for rental or lease land is increasing. There is also strong demand for suitable farm land by prospective buyers. Farmers have enlarged their land bases primarily because they believe they must if they are to achieve satisfactory economies of scale. The study suggests that this is the dominant effect. The need to enlarge the spatial component of their operations has forced many commercial farmers to purchase, rent, or lease land that is not joined to their headquarters. In some cases they must move equipment up to 25 miles to work their scattered parcels. Such farmers are well aware of the liabilities associated with farming non-contiguous land bases, but accept these problems in order to enlarge. The trends in agricultural land use in the study area are toward larger commercial units on the one hand and toward small part-time farm/rural residences on the other. The full-time commercial operators generally make effective use of their land base whereas, the part-time farmers are usually less concerned with maintaining optimal land use. The increasing numbers of rural residences and the increasing population of the study area lead to the conclusion that the mid-Willamette Valley is becoming an urbanized area with attending suburban sprawl, rural residences, small acreages, hobby or part-time farms, and relatively few large commercial farm units. Title: Spatial expressions of farm size changes in the Polk and Linn counties of Oregon Author: Van Otten, George A. The spatial organization of farm units in Polk and Linn counties in the mid-Willamette Valley has undergone significant change over the past 30 years. Whereas most study areas operations in the 1930's and 1940's consisted of small family owned farms with contiguous land bases, present mid-Willamette Valley units vary considerably in spatial organization, tenure patterns, and size. The purposes of this research are to determine the magnitude of farm size changes in the study area over the past 30 year; determine the spatial organization strategies underlying operator's choices of particular means of farm size changes; determine the means of farm size changes; assess the effects of farm size changes on the characteristics of agricultural land use in the study area; and determine the spatial characteristics of farm size changes. Approximately ten percent of the farmers in the study area (280) were interviewed concerning the spatial organization and evolution of their operations. Eight farms were selected for indepth case studies. The results of the farmer interviews were statistically treated by the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences program at Oregon State University. The results of farmer interviews indicate that full time commercial operators have steadily increased their land bases over the past 30 years. Interview data also reveal a large increase in the numbers of small part-time units and rural residences in the post World War II era. Renting and leasing of farm land is common in the study area, and as commercial farm operators continue to seek to enlarge the areal extent of their land, the competition for rental or lease land is increasing. There is also strong demand for suitable farm land by prospective buyers. Farmers have enlarged their land bases primarily because they believe they must if they are to achieve satisfactory economies of scale. The study suggests that this is the dominant effect. The need to enlarge the spatial component of their operations has forced many commercial farmers to purchase, rent, or lease land that is not joined to their headquarters. In some cases they must move equipment up to 25 miles to work their scattered parcels. Such farmers are well aware of the liabilities associated with farming non-contiguous land bases, but accept these problems in order to enlarge. The trends in agricultural land use in the study area are toward larger commercial units on the one hand and toward small part-time farm/rural residences on the other. The full-time commercial operators generally make effective use of their land base whereas, the part-time farmers are usually less concerned with maintaining optimal land use. The increasing numbers of rural residences and the increasing population of the study area lead to the conclusion that the mid-Willamette Valley is becoming an urbanized area with attending suburban sprawl, rural residences, small acreages, hobby or part-time farms, and relatively few large commercial farm units. Close