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• 11. [Article] A Multivariate Poisson Approach to Estimating Target Catch and Bycatch Production

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Multivariate Poisson Approach to Estimating Target Catch and Bycatch Production Author: Stohs, Stephen, Hilger, James Abstract only. Title: A Multivariate Poisson Approach to Estimating Target Catch and Bycatch Production Author: Stohs, Stephen, Hilger, James Abstract only. Close

• 12. [Article] The ecological and cultural importance of a species at risk of extinction, Pacific lamprey

  The cultural and ecological values of Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) have not been understood by Euro-Americans and thus their great decline has almost gone unnoticed except by Native Americans, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The ecological and cultural importance of a species at risk of extinction, Pacific lamprey Author: Close, David A., Li, Hiram W., Fitzpatrick, Martin S. The cultural and ecological values of Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) have not been understood by Euro-Americans and thus their great decline has almost gone unnoticed except by Native Americans, who elevated the issue and initiated research to restore its populations, at least in the Columbia Basin. They regard Pacific lamprey as a highly valued resource and as a result ksuyas (lamprey) has become one of their cultural icons. Ksuyas are harvested to this day as a subsistence food by various tribes along the Pacific coast and are highly regarded for their cultural value. Interestingly, our review suggests that the Pacific lamprey plays an important role in the food web, may have acted as a buffer for salmon from predators, and may have been an important source of marine nutrients to oligotrophic watersheds. This is very different from the Euro- American perception that lampreys are pests. We suggest that cultural biases affected management policies. Title: The ecological and cultural importance of a species at risk of extinction, Pacific lamprey Author: Close, David A., Li, Hiram W., Fitzpatrick, Martin S. The cultural and ecological values of Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) have not been understood by Euro-Americans and thus their great decline has almost gone unnoticed except by Native Americans, who elevated the issue and initiated research to restore its populations, at least in the Columbia Basin. They regard Pacific lamprey as a highly valued resource and as a result ksuyas (lamprey) has become one of their cultural icons. Ksuyas are harvested to this day as a subsistence food by various tribes along the Pacific coast and are highly regarded for their cultural value. Interestingly, our review suggests that the Pacific lamprey plays an important role in the food web, may have acted as a buffer for salmon from predators, and may have been an important source of marine nutrients to oligotrophic watersheds. This is very different from the Euro- American perception that lampreys are pests. We suggest that cultural biases affected management policies. Close

• 13. [Article] Greater Sage-Grouse Umbrella CCAA for Wyoming Ranch Management: a Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances for Greater Sage-Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus

  Prior to settlement in the 19th century, greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter referred to as ‘sage-grouse’) inhabited 13 western States and three Canadian provinces, and their potential ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Greater Sage-Grouse Umbrella CCAA for Wyoming Ranch Management: a Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances for Greater Sage-Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus Author: Wyoming Association of Conservation Districts, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Wyoming Bureau of Land Management, Wyoming Department of Agriculture, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Forest Service, Wyoming Governor’s Office Prior to settlement in the 19th century, greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter referred to as ‘sage-grouse’) inhabited 13 western States and three Canadian provinces, and their potential habitat covered over 1,200,483 square kilometers (km) (463,509 square miles (mi)). Sage-grouse have declined across their range due to a variety of causes and now occur in 11 States and two Canadian provinces. Many factors played a role in reducing sage-grouse from a once abundant, broadly distributed species, but the primary threat is loss of habitat due to increased surface disturbance and general fragmentation of the landscape. These concerns were identified in the 2005 Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing finding and remain so, but with more intensity and on a larger scale today. In the 2010 listing finding, additional concerns were identified as threats, including an increase in the use of sagebrush habitat for renewable energy such as wind power, and the spread of West Nile Virus (WNv). In anticipation of a final listing decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the Wyoming Governor’s Office (WGO) requested assistance from the FWS in developing a sage-grouse strategy for ranch management activities that could offer private landowners assurances their livestock operations could continue in the event the species was listed under the ESA. The WGO and FWS in conjunction with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), the U.S Forest Service (USFS), the Wyoming Department of Agriculture (WDA), Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD), and the Wyoming Association of Conservation Districts have developed this umbrella Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances (CCAA). A CCAA is a voluntary agreement whereby private landowners agree to manage their lands to remove or reduce threats to species at risk of being listed under the ESA. In return for managing their lands to the benefit of species at risk, these landowners receive assurances against additional regulatory requirements should that species ever be listed under the ESA. Under a CCAA, the FWS will issue enrolled landowners Enhancement of Survival (EOS) permits pursuant to section 10(a)(1)(A) of the ESA for a period of 20 years. Since the agreement is voluntary, the landowner can end it at any point, although in doing so they would give up any assurances, and the EOS permit would terminate. FWS will issue EOS permits to participating landowners contingent on development of a site-specific individual sage-grouse conservation plan consistent with this umbrella CCAA. This umbrella CCAA includes:  A general description of responsibilities of all involved participating agencies and landowners, and the area covered under the umbrella CCAA;  Background, status and general threats to sage-grouse, and conservation measures needed to remove or reduce those identified threats;  Expected benefits of prescribed actions in relation to the five threat factors the FWS is required to evaluate when considering a species for listing; and  Level of take likely to occur from activities on enrolled lands, assurances, monitoring, and annual reporting. Title: Greater Sage-Grouse Umbrella CCAA for Wyoming Ranch Management: a Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances for Greater Sage-Grouse Centrocercus urophasianus Author: Wyoming Association of Conservation Districts, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, Natural Resources Conservation Service, Wyoming Bureau of Land Management, Wyoming Department of Agriculture, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Forest Service, Wyoming Governor’s Office Prior to settlement in the 19th century, greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter referred to as ‘sage-grouse’) inhabited 13 western States and three Canadian provinces, and their potential habitat covered over 1,200,483 square kilometers (km) (463,509 square miles (mi)). Sage-grouse have declined across their range due to a variety of causes and now occur in 11 States and two Canadian provinces. Many factors played a role in reducing sage-grouse from a once abundant, broadly distributed species, but the primary threat is loss of habitat due to increased surface disturbance and general fragmentation of the landscape. These concerns were identified in the 2005 Endangered Species Act (ESA) listing finding and remain so, but with more intensity and on a larger scale today. In the 2010 listing finding, additional concerns were identified as threats, including an increase in the use of sagebrush habitat for renewable energy such as wind power, and the spread of West Nile Virus (WNv). In anticipation of a final listing decision by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), the Wyoming Governor’s Office (WGO) requested assistance from the FWS in developing a sage-grouse strategy for ranch management activities that could offer private landowners assurances their livestock operations could continue in the event the species was listed under the ESA. The WGO and FWS in conjunction with the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), the U.S Forest Service (USFS), the Wyoming Department of Agriculture (WDA), Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD), and the Wyoming Association of Conservation Districts have developed this umbrella Candidate Conservation Agreement with Assurances (CCAA). A CCAA is a voluntary agreement whereby private landowners agree to manage their lands to remove or reduce threats to species at risk of being listed under the ESA. In return for managing their lands to the benefit of species at risk, these landowners receive assurances against additional regulatory requirements should that species ever be listed under the ESA. Under a CCAA, the FWS will issue enrolled landowners Enhancement of Survival (EOS) permits pursuant to section 10(a)(1)(A) of the ESA for a period of 20 years. Since the agreement is voluntary, the landowner can end it at any point, although in doing so they would give up any assurances, and the EOS permit would terminate. FWS will issue EOS permits to participating landowners contingent on development of a site-specific individual sage-grouse conservation plan consistent with this umbrella CCAA. This umbrella CCAA includes:  A general description of responsibilities of all involved participating agencies and landowners, and the area covered under the umbrella CCAA;  Background, status and general threats to sage-grouse, and conservation measures needed to remove or reduce those identified threats;  Expected benefits of prescribed actions in relation to the five threat factors the FWS is required to evaluate when considering a species for listing; and  Level of take likely to occur from activities on enrolled lands, assurances, monitoring, and annual reporting. Close

• 14. [Article] A Kalman Filter Approach to Estimating Marine Turtle Incidental Take Risk

  A principle U.S. fisheries management concern is ensuring compliance with Endangered Species Act requirements to limit incidental takes of listed species to levels which do not result in potential jeopardy ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Kalman Filter Approach to Estimating Marine Turtle Incidental Take Risk Author: Stohs, Stephen, Kvamsdal, Sturla A principle U.S. fisheries management concern is ensuring compliance with Endangered Species Act requirements to limit incidental takes of listed species to levels which do not result in potential jeopardy to existing population stocks. Part of the risk assessment process involves an analysis of historic takes (bycatch) of ESA-listed species relative to fishing effort. Sample bycatch per unit of effort (BPUE) ratios are used to gauge the take risk to ESA-listed species posed by future fishing effort. The rare-event nature of protected species takes complicates the interpretation of sample BPUE ratios. For illustration, a total of 23 leatherback turtles were incidentally taken by fishermen in the California-Oregon drift gillnet fishery from the 1990 through 2006 fishing seasons in 7733 sets of fishing effort, with from 0 to 5 leatherback takes per season over the entire period. Should one conclude the incidental take risk was significantly higher during the season with 5 leatherback turtle takes than in seasons with 0 takes? To address this and related inference problems, we specify a state space model which describes the pattern of observed takes as a Poisson process conditional on the level of fishing effort. A time-varying Poisson rate parameter, expressed as BPUE, measures the time-varying level of take risk. A Kalman filter for Poisson processes is used to estimate the intertemporal variation in take risk from California-Oregon drift gillnet fishery observer data. A key question regards attributing the observed pattern of takes to randomness which drives fluctuations in observed takes versus intertemporal variation in the level of take risk. Title: A Kalman Filter Approach to Estimating Marine Turtle Incidental Take Risk Author: Stohs, Stephen, Kvamsdal, Sturla A principle U.S. fisheries management concern is ensuring compliance with Endangered Species Act requirements to limit incidental takes of listed species to levels which do not result in potential jeopardy to existing population stocks. Part of the risk assessment process involves an analysis of historic takes (bycatch) of ESA-listed species relative to fishing effort. Sample bycatch per unit of effort (BPUE) ratios are used to gauge the take risk to ESA-listed species posed by future fishing effort. The rare-event nature of protected species takes complicates the interpretation of sample BPUE ratios. For illustration, a total of 23 leatherback turtles were incidentally taken by fishermen in the California-Oregon drift gillnet fishery from the 1990 through 2006 fishing seasons in 7733 sets of fishing effort, with from 0 to 5 leatherback takes per season over the entire period. Should one conclude the incidental take risk was significantly higher during the season with 5 leatherback turtle takes than in seasons with 0 takes? To address this and related inference problems, we specify a state space model which describes the pattern of observed takes as a Poisson process conditional on the level of fishing effort. A time-varying Poisson rate parameter, expressed as BPUE, measures the time-varying level of take risk. A Kalman filter for Poisson processes is used to estimate the intertemporal variation in take risk from California-Oregon drift gillnet fishery observer data. A key question regards attributing the observed pattern of takes to randomness which drives fluctuations in observed takes versus intertemporal variation in the level of take risk. Close

• 15. [Article] Comparative Characterization of Two Nearshore Rocky Reef Areas: A high-use recreational fishing reef vs. an unfished reef

  This project has provided the ODFW Marine Habitat Project with a unique opportunity to make a comparative examination of the habitats and fish communities of a heavily fished reef off of Siletz Bay, and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Comparative Characterization of Two Nearshore Rocky Reef Areas: A high-use recreational fishing reef vs. an unfished reef Author: Merems, Arlene, Appy, Marcus, Romsos, Chris, Weeks, Hal, Fox, David, Amend, Mark This project has provided the ODFW Marine Habitat Project with a unique opportunity to make a comparative examination of the habitats and fish communities of a heavily fished reef off of Siletz Bay, and a nearly unfished reef off Cape Perpetua. There are over 17,000 angler trips for groundfish out of Depoe Bay annually, many choosing to fish Siletz Reef. In addition, numerous whale watching and sightseeing charter vessels operate in the vicinity of the reef. Cape Perpetua Reef consists of isolated patches of rock, and is too far from Newport (the nearest port) to receive much fishing effort. This examination of the influences of fishing pressure in nearshore rocky habitat complements, and is embedded in, a broader effort to understand the distribution and character of Oregon’s nearshore rocky reefs, and the species that are dependent upon them for habitat. The ODFW Marine Habitat Project has spent the last eight years working in cooperation with scientists and other resource agencies to develop methods for classifying and mapping nearshore rocky reefs habitats off Oregon. Because nearshore reefs are in state waters, Oregon is responsible for managing these living resources and habitats to sustain their long-term use and productivity. To date, eight reefs have been surveyed and mapped with sidescan and/or multibeam bathymetry at a resolution indicative of fish habitat. ODFW has also been developing non-extractive fish survey techniques to describe fish-habitat associations and estimate fish abundance at the habitat and reef scale. The importance of habitat to reef species cannot be over-stated and is now widely accepted in the scientific community and is the focus of major research efforts in other Pacific coastal states. Better understanding of the degree to which harvest influences relative and absolute abundance, combined with species-habitat relationships, is essential for resource managers to exercise their stewardship responsibilities to protect 5 essential habitat, develop population indices for species at risk, and maintain healthy and productive ecological systems. Title: Comparative Characterization of Two Nearshore Rocky Reef Areas: A high-use recreational fishing reef vs. an unfished reef Author: Merems, Arlene, Appy, Marcus, Romsos, Chris, Weeks, Hal, Fox, David, Amend, Mark This project has provided the ODFW Marine Habitat Project with a unique opportunity to make a comparative examination of the habitats and fish communities of a heavily fished reef off of Siletz Bay, and a nearly unfished reef off Cape Perpetua. There are over 17,000 angler trips for groundfish out of Depoe Bay annually, many choosing to fish Siletz Reef. In addition, numerous whale watching and sightseeing charter vessels operate in the vicinity of the reef. Cape Perpetua Reef consists of isolated patches of rock, and is too far from Newport (the nearest port) to receive much fishing effort. This examination of the influences of fishing pressure in nearshore rocky habitat complements, and is embedded in, a broader effort to understand the distribution and character of Oregon’s nearshore rocky reefs, and the species that are dependent upon them for habitat. The ODFW Marine Habitat Project has spent the last eight years working in cooperation with scientists and other resource agencies to develop methods for classifying and mapping nearshore rocky reefs habitats off Oregon. Because nearshore reefs are in state waters, Oregon is responsible for managing these living resources and habitats to sustain their long-term use and productivity. To date, eight reefs have been surveyed and mapped with sidescan and/or multibeam bathymetry at a resolution indicative of fish habitat. ODFW has also been developing non-extractive fish survey techniques to describe fish-habitat associations and estimate fish abundance at the habitat and reef scale. The importance of habitat to reef species cannot be over-stated and is now widely accepted in the scientific community and is the focus of major research efforts in other Pacific coastal states. Better understanding of the degree to which harvest influences relative and absolute abundance, combined with species-habitat relationships, is essential for resource managers to exercise their stewardship responsibilities to protect 5 essential habitat, develop population indices for species at risk, and maintain healthy and productive ecological systems. Close

• 16. [Article] Restoration of Mountain Big Sagebrush Steppe Following Prescribed Burning to Control Western Juniper

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Springer ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Restoration of Mountain Big Sagebrush Steppe Following Prescribed Burning to Control Western Juniper Author: Nafus, A. M., Davies, K. W., Madsen, M. D., Bates, Jonathan D. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Springer and can be found at: http://link.springer.com/journal/267. Title: Restoration of Mountain Big Sagebrush Steppe Following Prescribed Burning to Control Western Juniper Author: Nafus, A. M., Davies, K. W., Madsen, M. D., Bates, Jonathan D. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Springer and can be found at: http://link.springer.com/journal/267. Close

• 17. [Article] Susceptibility of coast redwood seedlings to Phytophthora ramorum

  Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) (D. Don) Endl. is a host for Phytophthora ramorum but it was unclear if the pathogen represents a significant disease risk to this tree species. In this study the susceptibility ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Susceptibility of coast redwood seedlings to Phytophthora ramorum Author: Lucas, Sunny L. Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) (D. Don) Endl. is a host for Phytophthora ramorum but it was unclear if the pathogen represents a significant disease risk to this tree species. In this study the susceptibility of coast redwood seedlings and the likelihood of sporulation on redwood were examined. Two methods were used to assess susceptibility. Seedling stems were artificially inoculated and pathogen colonization distance was measured in both main stems and side branches after 8 and 16 weeks. Pathogen colonization distance was usually minimal, rarely exceeding 15 mm from the inoculation site. In two seedlings the pathogen colonized tissue greater than 40 mm from the inoculation site. No seedling mortality was observed. However, small side branches (2.4 mm mean diameter) were often killed. A dose response experiment was conducted to determine the minimum zoospore concentration necessary to cause infection. Seedlings exposed to ≥ 5 x 10³ zoospores/mL became symptomatic. Nonetheless, symptom expression was variable unless seedlings were inoculated with > 1 x 10⁵ zoospores/mL. Sporulation was quantified by determining sporangia density (sporangia/cm²) on detached immature and mature foliage of redwood seedlings, and leaves of California bay (Umbellularia californica). In the first trial, significantly more sporangia/cm² were observed on California bay compared to redwood, but in the second trial, the results were reversed. Sporulation density on attached redwood foliage was also determined. Comparisons were again made between young and mature redwood foliage. In the attached branch experiment, sporangia density was higher than previously observed and no significant difference was found between sporangia/cm² necrotic tissue on young vs. mature redwood branches. Sporulation results and implications of these findings are discussed in relation to sporulation levels reported on other hosts. This study highlights the importance of determining both host susceptibility and the risk of P. ramorum spread from hosts to other uninfected plants. Title: Susceptibility of coast redwood seedlings to Phytophthora ramorum Author: Lucas, Sunny L. Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) (D. Don) Endl. is a host for Phytophthora ramorum but it was unclear if the pathogen represents a significant disease risk to this tree species. In this study the susceptibility of coast redwood seedlings and the likelihood of sporulation on redwood were examined. Two methods were used to assess susceptibility. Seedling stems were artificially inoculated and pathogen colonization distance was measured in both main stems and side branches after 8 and 16 weeks. Pathogen colonization distance was usually minimal, rarely exceeding 15 mm from the inoculation site. In two seedlings the pathogen colonized tissue greater than 40 mm from the inoculation site. No seedling mortality was observed. However, small side branches (2.4 mm mean diameter) were often killed. A dose response experiment was conducted to determine the minimum zoospore concentration necessary to cause infection. Seedlings exposed to ≥ 5 x 10³ zoospores/mL became symptomatic. Nonetheless, symptom expression was variable unless seedlings were inoculated with > 1 x 10⁵ zoospores/mL. Sporulation was quantified by determining sporangia density (sporangia/cm²) on detached immature and mature foliage of redwood seedlings, and leaves of California bay (Umbellularia californica). In the first trial, significantly more sporangia/cm² were observed on California bay compared to redwood, but in the second trial, the results were reversed. Sporulation density on attached redwood foliage was also determined. Comparisons were again made between young and mature redwood foliage. In the attached branch experiment, sporangia density was higher than previously observed and no significant difference was found between sporangia/cm² necrotic tissue on young vs. mature redwood branches. Sporulation results and implications of these findings are discussed in relation to sporulation levels reported on other hosts. This study highlights the importance of determining both host susceptibility and the risk of P. ramorum spread from hosts to other uninfected plants. Close

• 18. [Article] Assessing the feasibility of policy prescriptions in the Salmon 2100 Project

  Wild salmon populations are in decline in the Pacific Northwest. In the region populations and runs of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytsha), Chum (Oncorhynchus keta), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockey (Oncorhynchus ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing the feasibility of policy prescriptions in the Salmon 2100 Project Author: Whitehead, Katharine S. Wild salmon populations are in decline in the Pacific Northwest. In the region populations and runs of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytsha), Chum (Oncorhynchus keta), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockey (Oncorhynchus nerka), and Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have been listed as threatened and/or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the U.S. and/or the Species at Risk Act (SARA) in Canada in the years 1991-2007. Considerable time, money and brainpower has been put into salmon recovery with mixed results. The future for wild salmon in the Pacific Northwest remains uncertain. In 2006 Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon was published. The book is made up of 23 essays by 33 authors who were challenged to each develop a comprehensive policy prescription in response to the question: “What specific policies must be implemented in order to have a high probability of sustaining significant runs of wild salmon through 2100 in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and southern British Columbia?” A qualitative study was designed to assess whether any of the policy prescriptions presented in Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon are feasible or viable in the real world. A thorough document analysis was conducted of Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon. The Social Construction Framework was used to categorize the target populations, code the policy prescriptions, and identify the benefits and burdens of each policy prescription for each target population. This information was then used to assess the feasibility of each policy prescription, based on the Social Construction Framework. The findings suggest that some of the policy prescriptions are feasible and could be developed for successful implementation in the real world. There is evidence that projects similar to the Salmon 2100 project could provide useful information and potential solutions to other natural resource policy challenges. Title: Assessing the feasibility of policy prescriptions in the Salmon 2100 Project Author: Whitehead, Katharine S. Wild salmon populations are in decline in the Pacific Northwest. In the region populations and runs of Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytsha), Chum (Oncorhynchus keta), Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch), Sockey (Oncorhynchus nerka), and Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) have been listed as threatened and/or endangered under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in the U.S. and/or the Species at Risk Act (SARA) in Canada in the years 1991-2007. Considerable time, money and brainpower has been put into salmon recovery with mixed results. The future for wild salmon in the Pacific Northwest remains uncertain. In 2006 Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon was published. The book is made up of 23 essays by 33 authors who were challenged to each develop a comprehensive policy prescription in response to the question: “What specific policies must be implemented in order to have a high probability of sustaining significant runs of wild salmon through 2100 in California, Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and southern British Columbia?” A qualitative study was designed to assess whether any of the policy prescriptions presented in Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon are feasible or viable in the real world. A thorough document analysis was conducted of Salmon 2100: The Future of Wild Pacific Salmon. The Social Construction Framework was used to categorize the target populations, code the policy prescriptions, and identify the benefits and burdens of each policy prescription for each target population. This information was then used to assess the feasibility of each policy prescription, based on the Social Construction Framework. The findings suggest that some of the policy prescriptions are feasible and could be developed for successful implementation in the real world. There is evidence that projects similar to the Salmon 2100 project could provide useful information and potential solutions to other natural resource policy challenges. Close

• 19. [Article] Trends in Developed Land Cover Adjacent to Habitat for Threatened Salmon in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A.

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article was published by the Public Library ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trends in Developed Land Cover Adjacent to Habitat for Threatened Salmon in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Author: Ford, Michael J., et al., Kennedy, Robert E., Beechie, Timothy J., Bartz, Krista K. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article was published by the Public Library of Science and is in the public domain. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Title: Trends in Developed Land Cover Adjacent to Habitat for Threatened Salmon in Puget Sound, Washington, U.S.A. Author: Ford, Michael J., et al., Kennedy, Robert E., Beechie, Timothy J., Bartz, Krista K. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The article was published by the Public Library of Science and is in the public domain. The published article can be found at: http://www.plosone.org/. Close

• 20. [Article] Overlap of North Pacific albatrosses with the U.S. west coastgroundfish and shrimp fisheries

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Overlap of North Pacific albatrosses with the U.S. west coastgroundfish and shrimp fisheries Author: Ballance, L. T., Jahncke, J., Zamon, J. E., Henry, R. W., Hyrenbach, K. D., Hester, M., Sato, F., Jennings, S. L., Bellman, M. A., Guy, T. J., Roletto, J., Ozaki, K., Geernaert, T. O., Blackie, B. A., Sydeman, W. J., Suryan, R. M., Croll, D. A., Deguchi, T., Melvin, E. F., Kappes, M. A. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.elsevier.com/. Title: Overlap of North Pacific albatrosses with the U.S. west coastgroundfish and shrimp fisheries Author: Ballance, L. T., Jahncke, J., Zamon, J. E., Henry, R. W., Hyrenbach, K. D., Hester, M., Sato, F., Jennings, S. L., Bellman, M. A., Guy, T. J., Roletto, J., Ozaki, K., Geernaert, T. O., Blackie, B. A., Sydeman, W. J., Suryan, R. M., Croll, D. A., Deguchi, T., Melvin, E. F., Kappes, M. A. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.elsevier.com/. Close