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• 1. [Article] Expression of Growth Arrest and DNA Damage Protein 45-alpha (gadd45-alpha) and the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-delta (C/EBP-delta) in Fishes Exposed to Heat and Hypoxia

  The cellular stress response (CSR) is one of the most highly conserved mechanisms among all organisms. Cellular stress can be defined as damage or the threat of damage to proteins, macromolecules and/or ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Expression of Growth Arrest and DNA Damage Protein 45-alpha (gadd45-alpha) and the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-delta (C/EBP-delta) in Fishes Exposed to Heat and Hypoxia Author: Hassumani, Daniel Omar Year: 2013 The cellular stress response (CSR) is one of the most highly conserved mechanisms among all organisms. Cellular stress can be defined as damage or the threat of damage to proteins, macromolecules and/or DNA. The response to damage can involve cell cycle regulation, protein chaperoning, DNA repair or, if macromolecular damage is too severe, apoptotic mechanisms can be initiated. This thesis details experiments that were designed to examine the cellular response to non-lethal environmental stressors at the protein level, using two fish species as study models. Two proteins that can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis mechanisms were examined. Expression of the CCAAT enhancer binding protein-delta (C/EBP-[delta]) was examined in the zebrafish, Danio rerio, exposed to acute, non-lethal hypoxic conditions. While C/EBP-[delta] was expressed constitutively in control individuals during all time points, exposure to hypoxic conditions did not have a consistent significant effect on C/EBP-[delta] expression (two-way ANOVA, P>0.05) in zebrafish white muscle tissue. In a second study, the expression of the growth arrest and DNA damage 45-alpha protein (gadd45-[alpha], a mediator of cell cycle arrest and perhaps apoptosis was examined in heat-stressed liver tissue of an extremely cold-adapted Antarctic fish, Trematomus bernacchii. Gadd45-[alpha] levels were higher in fish exposure to 2°C across all time points (one-way ANOVA; P Title: Expression of Growth Arrest and DNA Damage Protein 45-alpha (gadd45-alpha) and the CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-delta (C/EBP-delta) in Fishes Exposed to Heat and Hypoxia Author: Hassumani, Daniel Omar Year: 2013 The cellular stress response (CSR) is one of the most highly conserved mechanisms among all organisms. Cellular stress can be defined as damage or the threat of damage to proteins, macromolecules and/or DNA. The response to damage can involve cell cycle regulation, protein chaperoning, DNA repair or, if macromolecular damage is too severe, apoptotic mechanisms can be initiated. This thesis details experiments that were designed to examine the cellular response to non-lethal environmental stressors at the protein level, using two fish species as study models. Two proteins that can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis mechanisms were examined. Expression of the CCAAT enhancer binding protein-delta (C/EBP-[delta]) was examined in the zebrafish, Danio rerio, exposed to acute, non-lethal hypoxic conditions. While C/EBP-[delta] was expressed constitutively in control individuals during all time points, exposure to hypoxic conditions did not have a consistent significant effect on C/EBP-[delta] expression (two-way ANOVA, P>0.05) in zebrafish white muscle tissue. In a second study, the expression of the growth arrest and DNA damage 45-alpha protein (gadd45-[alpha], a mediator of cell cycle arrest and perhaps apoptosis was examined in heat-stressed liver tissue of an extremely cold-adapted Antarctic fish, Trematomus bernacchii. Gadd45-[alpha] levels were higher in fish exposure to 2°C across all time points (one-way ANOVA; P Close

• 2. [Article] Evaluating the Effects of Road Crossing Structures on Stream-Associated Amphibians in the Wilson River Watershed, Tillamook State Forest, Oregon

  As replacement and removal of undersized culverts gains momentum as an effective technique for restoring natural stream flows and removing fish passage barriers, it is important to evaluate the benefits ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluating the Effects of Road Crossing Structures on Stream-Associated Amphibians in the Wilson River Watershed, Tillamook State Forest, Oregon Author: Twitchell, Sara Erin Year: 2013 As replacement and removal of undersized culverts gains momentum as an effective technique for restoring natural stream flows and removing fish passage barriers, it is important to evaluate the benefits of these efforts on the in-stream and adjacent riparian habitat for other species of potential concern. This study compares stream-associated amphibian (SAA) occurrence in streams adjacent to different road crossing structures on unpaved forest roads in the Wilson River watershed located within the Tillamook State Forest, Oregon. Surveys were conducted at road crossing structures for three taxa of SAA; Pacific giant salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus), coastal tailed frog (Ascaphus truei), and Columbia torrent salamander (Rhyacotriton kezeri). Statistical models were created to analyze the effect of habitat variables on SAA occupancy, and determine whether those variables changed relative to road crossing structures. Results showed that coastal tailed frog occupancy was positively associated with dissolved oxygen and crayfish presence, negatively associated with longitude, and had a slight quadratic relationship to channel confinement. Because all sites were highly saturated with oxygen, percent dissolved oxygen was likely a surrogate for one or more other covariates, such as in-stream habitat or substrate size. Detection rates of Pacific giant salamander were too high and detection rates of Columbia torrent salamander were too low to provide reliable models, but they did provide some insight into the factors affecting occupancy in the study area, including information about their interactions with road crossing structures. Occupancy rates of Pacific giant salamanders in the study area appear to be unaffected by road crossings, fish passable or otherwise. Conversely, torrent salamanders seemed to be mostly absent from the study sites altogether, but based on the one stream where they were detected, they are not excluded from occupying fish barrier culvert sites. Top weighted habitat covariates, including dissolved oxygen, channel confinement, crayfish and fish presence, and flow constriction are all indicators of disturbance that can be linked to road crossings. Although the size and structure of road crossings did not prove to significantly influence SAA occupancy, indicators of stream disturbance that can be related to road crossings were included in the best models for predicting occupancy, demonstrating the importance of reducing disturbance related to road crossings on streams. Title: Evaluating the Effects of Road Crossing Structures on Stream-Associated Amphibians in the Wilson River Watershed, Tillamook State Forest, Oregon Author: Twitchell, Sara Erin Year: 2013 As replacement and removal of undersized culverts gains momentum as an effective technique for restoring natural stream flows and removing fish passage barriers, it is important to evaluate the benefits of these efforts on the in-stream and adjacent riparian habitat for other species of potential concern. This study compares stream-associated amphibian (SAA) occurrence in streams adjacent to different road crossing structures on unpaved forest roads in the Wilson River watershed located within the Tillamook State Forest, Oregon. Surveys were conducted at road crossing structures for three taxa of SAA; Pacific giant salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus), coastal tailed frog (Ascaphus truei), and Columbia torrent salamander (Rhyacotriton kezeri). Statistical models were created to analyze the effect of habitat variables on SAA occupancy, and determine whether those variables changed relative to road crossing structures. Results showed that coastal tailed frog occupancy was positively associated with dissolved oxygen and crayfish presence, negatively associated with longitude, and had a slight quadratic relationship to channel confinement. Because all sites were highly saturated with oxygen, percent dissolved oxygen was likely a surrogate for one or more other covariates, such as in-stream habitat or substrate size. Detection rates of Pacific giant salamander were too high and detection rates of Columbia torrent salamander were too low to provide reliable models, but they did provide some insight into the factors affecting occupancy in the study area, including information about their interactions with road crossing structures. Occupancy rates of Pacific giant salamanders in the study area appear to be unaffected by road crossings, fish passable or otherwise. Conversely, torrent salamanders seemed to be mostly absent from the study sites altogether, but based on the one stream where they were detected, they are not excluded from occupying fish barrier culvert sites. Top weighted habitat covariates, including dissolved oxygen, channel confinement, crayfish and fish presence, and flow constriction are all indicators of disturbance that can be linked to road crossings. Although the size and structure of road crossings did not prove to significantly influence SAA occupancy, indicators of stream disturbance that can be related to road crossings were included in the best models for predicting occupancy, demonstrating the importance of reducing disturbance related to road crossings on streams. Close

• 3. [Article] A Computational Model of Adaptive Sensory Processing in the Electroreception of Mormyrid Electric Fish

  Electroreception is a sensory modality found in some fish, which enables them to sense the environment through the detection of electric fields. Biological experimentation on this ability has built an ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Computational Model of Adaptive Sensory Processing in the Electroreception of Mormyrid Electric Fish Author: Agmon, Eran Year: 2011 Electroreception is a sensory modality found in some fish, which enables them to sense the environment through the detection of electric fields. Biological experimentation on this ability has built an intricate framework that has identified many of the components involved in electroreception's production, but lack the framework for bringing the details back together into a system-level model of how they operate together. This thesis builds and tests a computational model of the Electrosensory Lateral Line Lobe (ELL) in mormyrid electric fish in an attempt to bring some of electroreception's structural details together to help explain its function. The ELL is a brain region that functions as a primary processing area of electroreception. It acts as an adaptive filter that learns to predict reoccurring stimuli and removes them from its sensory stream, passing only novel inputs to other brain regions for further processing. By creating a model of the ELL, the relevant components which underlie the ELL's functional, electrophysiological patterns can be identified and scientific hypotheses regarding their behavior can be tested. Systems science's approach is adopted to identify the ELL's relevant components and bring them together into a unified conceptual framework. The methodological framework of computational neuroscience is used to create a computational model of this structure of relevant components and to simulate their interactions. Individual activation tendencies of the different included cell types are modeled with dynamical systems equations and are interconnected according to the connectivity of the real ELL. Several of the ELL's input patterns are modeled and incorporated in the model. The computational approach claims that if all of the relevant components of a system are captured and interconnected accurately in a computer program, then when provided with accurate representations of the inputs a simulation should produce functional patterns similar to those of the real system. These simulated patterns generated by the ELL model are compared to recordings from real mormyrid ELLs and their correspondences validate or nullify the model's integrity. By building a computation model that can capture the relevant components of the ELL's structure and through simulation reproduces its function, a systems-level understanding begins to emerge and leads to a description of how the ELL's structure, along with relevant inputs, generate its function. The model can be manipulated more easily than a biological ELL, and allows us to test hypotheses regarding how changes in the structures affect the function, and how different inputs propagate through the structure in a way that produces complex functional patterns. Title: A Computational Model of Adaptive Sensory Processing in the Electroreception of Mormyrid Electric Fish Author: Agmon, Eran Year: 2011 Electroreception is a sensory modality found in some fish, which enables them to sense the environment through the detection of electric fields. Biological experimentation on this ability has built an intricate framework that has identified many of the components involved in electroreception's production, but lack the framework for bringing the details back together into a system-level model of how they operate together. This thesis builds and tests a computational model of the Electrosensory Lateral Line Lobe (ELL) in mormyrid electric fish in an attempt to bring some of electroreception's structural details together to help explain its function. The ELL is a brain region that functions as a primary processing area of electroreception. It acts as an adaptive filter that learns to predict reoccurring stimuli and removes them from its sensory stream, passing only novel inputs to other brain regions for further processing. By creating a model of the ELL, the relevant components which underlie the ELL's functional, electrophysiological patterns can be identified and scientific hypotheses regarding their behavior can be tested. Systems science's approach is adopted to identify the ELL's relevant components and bring them together into a unified conceptual framework. The methodological framework of computational neuroscience is used to create a computational model of this structure of relevant components and to simulate their interactions. Individual activation tendencies of the different included cell types are modeled with dynamical systems equations and are interconnected according to the connectivity of the real ELL. Several of the ELL's input patterns are modeled and incorporated in the model. The computational approach claims that if all of the relevant components of a system are captured and interconnected accurately in a computer program, then when provided with accurate representations of the inputs a simulation should produce functional patterns similar to those of the real system. These simulated patterns generated by the ELL model are compared to recordings from real mormyrid ELLs and their correspondences validate or nullify the model's integrity. By building a computation model that can capture the relevant components of the ELL's structure and through simulation reproduces its function, a systems-level understanding begins to emerge and leads to a description of how the ELL's structure, along with relevant inputs, generate its function. The model can be manipulated more easily than a biological ELL, and allows us to test hypotheses regarding how changes in the structures affect the function, and how different inputs propagate through the structure in a way that produces complex functional patterns. Close

• 4. [Article] Tracking Fish and Human Response to Abrupt Environmental Change at Tse-whit-zen: A Large Native American Village on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington State

  Evidence of large earthquakes occurring along the Pacific Northwest coast is reflected in coastal stratigraphy from Oregon to British Columbia, where there also exists an extensive archaeological record ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tracking Fish and Human Response to Abrupt Environmental Change at Tse-whit-zen: A Large Native American Village on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington State Author: Mohlenhoff, Kathryn Anne Year: 2013 Evidence of large earthquakes occurring along the Pacific Northwest coast is reflected in coastal stratigraphy from Oregon to British Columbia, where there also exists an extensive archaeological record of Native American occupation. Tse-whit-zen, a large Native American village dating between 1824 and 54 cal B.P. located on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington State, was excavated with exceptionally fine stratigraphic control allowing for precise comparison of natural and cultural records. Here I report on the >10,000 fish remains from one 2x2 m excavation block; this assemblage spans one earthquake event, allowing study of changes in relative taxonomic abundance through time that may coincide with earthquakes or other environmental changes. Results indicate use of a wide range of marine fish taxa including various sculpins (Cottidae), flatfish (Pleuronectiformes), herring (Clupea pallasii) and salmon (Oncorhynchusspp.). This illustrates a highly diverse diet throughout occupation, though relative abundances of more offshore taxa decrease through time in favor of some nearshore taxa, possibly indicating the presence of a coseismic event. This thesis serves as part of a pilot study for a collaborative project that is underway. This larger project addresses human response to both gradual and abrupt environmental change through the analysis of all classes of Tse-whit-zen faunal remains, which provide a link to impacts on animal populations and in turn human subsistence. Title: Tracking Fish and Human Response to Abrupt Environmental Change at Tse-whit-zen: A Large Native American Village on the Olympic Peninsula, Washington State Author: Mohlenhoff, Kathryn Anne Year: 2013 Evidence of large earthquakes occurring along the Pacific Northwest coast is reflected in coastal stratigraphy from Oregon to British Columbia, where there also exists an extensive archaeological record of Native American occupation. Tse-whit-zen, a large Native American village dating between 1824 and 54 cal B.P. located on the Olympic Peninsula of Washington State, was excavated with exceptionally fine stratigraphic control allowing for precise comparison of natural and cultural records. Here I report on the >10,000 fish remains from one 2x2 m excavation block; this assemblage spans one earthquake event, allowing study of changes in relative taxonomic abundance through time that may coincide with earthquakes or other environmental changes. Results indicate use of a wide range of marine fish taxa including various sculpins (Cottidae), flatfish (Pleuronectiformes), herring (Clupea pallasii) and salmon (Oncorhynchusspp.). This illustrates a highly diverse diet throughout occupation, though relative abundances of more offshore taxa decrease through time in favor of some nearshore taxa, possibly indicating the presence of a coseismic event. This thesis serves as part of a pilot study for a collaborative project that is underway. This larger project addresses human response to both gradual and abrupt environmental change through the analysis of all classes of Tse-whit-zen faunal remains, which provide a link to impacts on animal populations and in turn human subsistence. Close

• 5. [Article] Advances in Aquatic Target Localization with Passive Sonar

  New underwater passive sonar techniques are developed for enhancing target localization capabilities in shallow ocean environments. The ocean surface and the seabed act as acoustic mirrors that reflect ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Advances in Aquatic Target Localization with Passive Sonar Author: Gebbie, John Thomas Year: 2014 New underwater passive sonar techniques are developed for enhancing target localization capabilities in shallow ocean environments. The ocean surface and the seabed act as acoustic mirrors that reflect sound created by boats or subsurface vehicles, which gives rise to echoes that can be heard by hydrophone receivers (underwater microphones). The goal of this work is to leverage this "multipath" phenomenon in new ways to determine the origin of the sound, and thus the location of the target. However, this is difficult for propeller driven vehicles because the noise they produce is both random and continuous in time, which complicates its measurement and analysis. Further, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) pose additional challenges because very little is known about the sound they generate, and its similarity to that of boats. Existing methods for localizing propeller noise using multiple hydrophones have approached the problem either purely theoretically, or empirically such as by analyzing the interference patterns between multipath arrivals at different frequencies, however little has been published on building localization techniques that directly measure and utilize the time delays between multipath arrivals while simultaneously accounting for relevant environmental parameters. This research develops such techniques through a combination of array beamforming and advanced ray-based modeling that account for variations in bathymetry (seabed topography) as well as variations of the sound speed of the water. The basis for these advances come from several at-sea experiments in which different configurations of passive sonar systems recorded sounds emitted by different types of targets, including small boats and an autonomous underwater vehicle. Ultimately, these contributions may reduce the complexity and cost of passive systems that need to be deployed close to shore, such as for harbor security applications. Further, they also create new possibilities for applying passive sonar in remote ocean regions for tasks such as detecting illegal fishing activity. This dissertation makes three key contributions: 1. Analysis of the aspect-dependent acoustic radiation patterns of an underway autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) through full-field wave modeling. 2. A two-hydrophone cross-correlation technique that leverages multipath as well as bathymetric variations to estimate the range and bearing of a small boat, supported by a mathematically rigorous performance analysis. 3. A multi-target localization technique based on directly measuring multipath from multiple small surface vessels using a small hydrophone array mounted to the nose of an AUV, which operates by cross-correlating two elevation beams on a single bearing. Title: Advances in Aquatic Target Localization with Passive Sonar Author: Gebbie, John Thomas Year: 2014 New underwater passive sonar techniques are developed for enhancing target localization capabilities in shallow ocean environments. The ocean surface and the seabed act as acoustic mirrors that reflect sound created by boats or subsurface vehicles, which gives rise to echoes that can be heard by hydrophone receivers (underwater microphones). The goal of this work is to leverage this "multipath" phenomenon in new ways to determine the origin of the sound, and thus the location of the target. However, this is difficult for propeller driven vehicles because the noise they produce is both random and continuous in time, which complicates its measurement and analysis. Further, autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) pose additional challenges because very little is known about the sound they generate, and its similarity to that of boats. Existing methods for localizing propeller noise using multiple hydrophones have approached the problem either purely theoretically, or empirically such as by analyzing the interference patterns between multipath arrivals at different frequencies, however little has been published on building localization techniques that directly measure and utilize the time delays between multipath arrivals while simultaneously accounting for relevant environmental parameters. This research develops such techniques through a combination of array beamforming and advanced ray-based modeling that account for variations in bathymetry (seabed topography) as well as variations of the sound speed of the water. The basis for these advances come from several at-sea experiments in which different configurations of passive sonar systems recorded sounds emitted by different types of targets, including small boats and an autonomous underwater vehicle. Ultimately, these contributions may reduce the complexity and cost of passive systems that need to be deployed close to shore, such as for harbor security applications. Further, they also create new possibilities for applying passive sonar in remote ocean regions for tasks such as detecting illegal fishing activity. This dissertation makes three key contributions: 1. Analysis of the aspect-dependent acoustic radiation patterns of an underway autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) through full-field wave modeling. 2. A two-hydrophone cross-correlation technique that leverages multipath as well as bathymetric variations to estimate the range and bearing of a small boat, supported by a mathematically rigorous performance analysis. 3. A multi-target localization technique based on directly measuring multipath from multiple small surface vessels using a small hydrophone array mounted to the nose of an AUV, which operates by cross-correlating two elevation beams on a single bearing. Close

• 6. [Article] Show Me the Way to Go Home

  In the following nine linked stories, characters from disparate backgrounds and socio-economic strata converge in a rural community along the Missouri river in central Montana. A Texas-based oil exploration ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Show Me the Way to Go Home Author: Teberg, Lisa Marie Year: 2013 In the following nine linked stories, characters from disparate backgrounds and socio-economic strata converge in a rural community along the Missouri river in central Montana. A Texas-based oil exploration and production company takes up residence in the area, causing a stir in the neighborhood. Long-time local residents experience their daily lives amid a tourist driven economy and reaffirm their aspirations to leave despite significant obstacles and limitations. In "Show Me the Way to Go Home," a young waitress is stranded after a car accident and seeks help from residents living on the single row of houses in the area. In "Give Death Grace," a resident artist leaves to resolve her tumultuous past with her father. In "A Good Little Fisherwoman," a woman deals with the repercussions of her recent reproductive decisions during a fishing trip. In "Little Fires," a local man deals with the tragic burn injury of a child while also facing deeply rooted resentments with his mother. In "Dwelling," an aging local must decide whether or not she will sell her home to two strangers. In "Other Important Areas of Functioning," a woman decides to discontinue her mood stabilizing medications in favor of a more natural lifestyle. While this place means something different to each of these characters, they all coexist while facing individual challenges. Title: Show Me the Way to Go Home Author: Teberg, Lisa Marie Year: 2013 In the following nine linked stories, characters from disparate backgrounds and socio-economic strata converge in a rural community along the Missouri river in central Montana. A Texas-based oil exploration and production company takes up residence in the area, causing a stir in the neighborhood. Long-time local residents experience their daily lives amid a tourist driven economy and reaffirm their aspirations to leave despite significant obstacles and limitations. In "Show Me the Way to Go Home," a young waitress is stranded after a car accident and seeks help from residents living on the single row of houses in the area. In "Give Death Grace," a resident artist leaves to resolve her tumultuous past with her father. In "A Good Little Fisherwoman," a woman deals with the repercussions of her recent reproductive decisions during a fishing trip. In "Little Fires," a local man deals with the tragic burn injury of a child while also facing deeply rooted resentments with his mother. In "Dwelling," an aging local must decide whether or not she will sell her home to two strangers. In "Other Important Areas of Functioning," a woman decides to discontinue her mood stabilizing medications in favor of a more natural lifestyle. While this place means something different to each of these characters, they all coexist while facing individual challenges. Close

• 7. [Article] Punched in the Face: Collected Essays and Reportage

  This is a diverse collection of narrative nonfiction, which includes personal essays, reportage, nature writing, and short columns. Its major themes include boxing and fly-fishing. Many of the pieces are ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Punched in the Face: Collected Essays and Reportage Author: Pindyck, Eben Year: 2014 This is a diverse collection of narrative nonfiction, which includes personal essays, reportage, nature writing, and short columns. Its major themes include boxing and fly-fishing. Many of the pieces are set in and around the state of Oregon. Title: Punched in the Face: Collected Essays and Reportage Author: Pindyck, Eben Year: 2014 This is a diverse collection of narrative nonfiction, which includes personal essays, reportage, nature writing, and short columns. Its major themes include boxing and fly-fishing. Many of the pieces are set in and around the state of Oregon. Close

• 8. [Article] Euryhelmis cotti N. Sp. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) with observations on its life cycle

  Fish of the genus Cottus were found infected with heterophyid metacercariae. Laboratory animals were infected with the metacercariae, and adult heterophid trematodes were recovered. These flukes were found ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Euryhelmis cotti N. Sp. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) with observations on its life cycle Author: Simon, Michael Joseph Year: 1972 Fish of the genus Cottus were found infected with heterophyid metacercariae. Laboratory animals were infected with the metacercariae, and adult heterophid trematodes were recovered. These flukes were found to represent an undescribed species of the genus Euryhelmis. Various streams in the Willamette Valley and coastal areas were sampled for infected Cottus sp. Snails of the genera Oxytrema and Fluminicola were collected. Several possible definitive hosts were examined. A partial review of the subfamily Apophallinae and a complete review of the genus Euryhelmis are presented. Euryhelmis cotti n. sp. is placed in the subfamily Apophallinae, and its life cycle is partially described. Title: Euryhelmis cotti N. Sp. (Trematoda: Heterophyidae) with observations on its life cycle Author: Simon, Michael Joseph Year: 1972 Fish of the genus Cottus were found infected with heterophyid metacercariae. Laboratory animals were infected with the metacercariae, and adult heterophid trematodes were recovered. These flukes were found to represent an undescribed species of the genus Euryhelmis. Various streams in the Willamette Valley and coastal areas were sampled for infected Cottus sp. Snails of the genera Oxytrema and Fluminicola were collected. Several possible definitive hosts were examined. A partial review of the subfamily Apophallinae and a complete review of the genus Euryhelmis are presented. Euryhelmis cotti n. sp. is placed in the subfamily Apophallinae, and its life cycle is partially described. Close

• 9. [Article] The Realization of the Cathlapotle Plankhouse: Reflections on Cross-Cultural Collaboration in the Post-NAGPRA Era

  In the last two decades, a shift in the museological paradigm has changed the way in which Native American history and culture is interpreted and represented to the general public. As legal mandates and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Realization of the Cathlapotle Plankhouse: Reflections on Cross-Cultural Collaboration in the Post-NAGPRA Era Author: Boyne, Erica Lynn Year: 2011 In the last two decades, a shift in the museological paradigm has changed the way in which Native American history and culture is interpreted and represented to the general public. As legal mandates and growing institutional pressures increasingly call for the integration of tribal representatives into the decision-making bodies of museums and authoritative institutions, cross-cultural collaboration and partnerships have increased significantly. With little precedent guiding public historians and museum professionals through this new and complex system of collaboration, the path unfolding in the journey towards the “indigenization”; of museums has been marked with achievements and challenges that have both taught and tested historical professionals. The following is a case study that examines the ways in which this unfolding shift in Native American representation manifested itself in the reconstruction of a Chinookan plankhouse in the early 21st century. With a common objective of educating visitors about the significant cultural and natural history of the former site of the Cathlapotle village, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Chinook Indian Nation teamed up to design, fund, construct and interpret the Cathlapotle Plankhouse in Ridgefield, Washington. Despite sharing a common goal for the reconstruction of a full-scale Chinookan plankhouse, different motivations and agendas guided the decision-making process and required both partners to make compromises that challenged each other’s understanding and expectations of the project. In this work, I analyze how these two organizations navigated the rewarding yet challenging realm of cross-cultural collaboration to create a meaningful and significant heritage site for a wide range of user groups. From this analysis, I hope to provide public historians and museum professionals a detailed example of a cross-cultural partnership that will assist them as they move forward through a continuously unfolding and largely uncharted system of collaboration. Title: The Realization of the Cathlapotle Plankhouse: Reflections on Cross-Cultural Collaboration in the Post-NAGPRA Era Author: Boyne, Erica Lynn Year: 2011 In the last two decades, a shift in the museological paradigm has changed the way in which Native American history and culture is interpreted and represented to the general public. As legal mandates and growing institutional pressures increasingly call for the integration of tribal representatives into the decision-making bodies of museums and authoritative institutions, cross-cultural collaboration and partnerships have increased significantly. With little precedent guiding public historians and museum professionals through this new and complex system of collaboration, the path unfolding in the journey towards the “indigenization”; of museums has been marked with achievements and challenges that have both taught and tested historical professionals. The following is a case study that examines the ways in which this unfolding shift in Native American representation manifested itself in the reconstruction of a Chinookan plankhouse in the early 21st century. With a common objective of educating visitors about the significant cultural and natural history of the former site of the Cathlapotle village, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Chinook Indian Nation teamed up to design, fund, construct and interpret the Cathlapotle Plankhouse in Ridgefield, Washington. Despite sharing a common goal for the reconstruction of a full-scale Chinookan plankhouse, different motivations and agendas guided the decision-making process and required both partners to make compromises that challenged each other’s understanding and expectations of the project. In this work, I analyze how these two organizations navigated the rewarding yet challenging realm of cross-cultural collaboration to create a meaningful and significant heritage site for a wide range of user groups. From this analysis, I hope to provide public historians and museum professionals a detailed example of a cross-cultural partnership that will assist them as they move forward through a continuously unfolding and largely uncharted system of collaboration. Close

• 10. [Article] Cascades Island Lamprey Passage Structure: Evaluating Passage and Migration Following Structure Modifications

  Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), an endemic species to the Columbia River Basin, U.S.A, has experienced staggering decreases in returns to spawning territories in recent decades. As lamprey are ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Cascades Island Lamprey Passage Structure: Evaluating Passage and Migration Following Structure Modifications Author: Lopez-Johnston, Siena Marie Year: 2014 Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), an endemic species to the Columbia River Basin, U.S.A, has experienced staggering decreases in returns to spawning territories in recent decades. As lamprey are threatened severely by a lack of passage at mainstem dams, lamprey specific passage structures have been designed and constructed to address the problem. The Cascades Island Lamprey Passage Structure (LPS) at Bonneville Dam is the longest and steepest structure of its type, following the addition of an exit pipe which allows lampreys to travel from the tailrace of the dam to the forebay. The intent of this study was to assess lamprey use of the structure and whether the structure hinders lamprey migration to subsequent dams. The study was carried out during the 2013 migration season. The study used three different treatment groups of lampreys released on five dates spanning the migration season (n=75 lamprey). Two of these groups (n=50), with different tagging methods, were released directly into the LPS to assess passage success, travel time, and tagging effect. The third group (n=25) was released into the forebay to test whether the structure impedes migration upstream. Fish were monitored via receiver arrays on the LPS and at dams on the river system. Overall passage efficiency was 74% (37 of 50 used the CI LPS successfully). Mean travel time to navigate the structure was 12 h. Fish size had no significant effect on travel time in the LPS. Water temperature had a significant effect on travel time in the LPS. There was no statistically significant effect of tagging on passage efficiency or travel time. The groups that used the LPS performed slightly better migrating upstream to the next dam than the group that bypassed the structure, but the difference was not significant. The groups that used the LPS traveled to more subsequent dams upstream than did the group that bypassed the LPS. It can be concluded that lamprey passed the structure successfully. Temperature (proxy for seasonality) had an effect on travel time in the LPS; however fish size and tagging had no effect. The LPS does not affect the ability of migrating lampreys to continue migration to subsequent dams. Such findings have important implications for management of lamprey in the region. Title: Cascades Island Lamprey Passage Structure: Evaluating Passage and Migration Following Structure Modifications Author: Lopez-Johnston, Siena Marie Year: 2014 Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), an endemic species to the Columbia River Basin, U.S.A, has experienced staggering decreases in returns to spawning territories in recent decades. As lamprey are threatened severely by a lack of passage at mainstem dams, lamprey specific passage structures have been designed and constructed to address the problem. The Cascades Island Lamprey Passage Structure (LPS) at Bonneville Dam is the longest and steepest structure of its type, following the addition of an exit pipe which allows lampreys to travel from the tailrace of the dam to the forebay. The intent of this study was to assess lamprey use of the structure and whether the structure hinders lamprey migration to subsequent dams. The study was carried out during the 2013 migration season. The study used three different treatment groups of lampreys released on five dates spanning the migration season (n=75 lamprey). Two of these groups (n=50), with different tagging methods, were released directly into the LPS to assess passage success, travel time, and tagging effect. The third group (n=25) was released into the forebay to test whether the structure impedes migration upstream. Fish were monitored via receiver arrays on the LPS and at dams on the river system. Overall passage efficiency was 74% (37 of 50 used the CI LPS successfully). Mean travel time to navigate the structure was 12 h. Fish size had no significant effect on travel time in the LPS. Water temperature had a significant effect on travel time in the LPS. There was no statistically significant effect of tagging on passage efficiency or travel time. The groups that used the LPS performed slightly better migrating upstream to the next dam than the group that bypassed the structure, but the difference was not significant. The groups that used the LPS traveled to more subsequent dams upstream than did the group that bypassed the LPS. It can be concluded that lamprey passed the structure successfully. Temperature (proxy for seasonality) had an effect on travel time in the LPS; however fish size and tagging had no effect. The LPS does not affect the ability of migrating lampreys to continue migration to subsequent dams. Such findings have important implications for management of lamprey in the region. Close