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• 1. [Article] A Validation Study of the Family Environment Scale: Family Incongruence Score

  This study investigated the validity of the family incongruence score, a statistic which quantifies the discrepancies between family members' perceptions of their family system using answers given on the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Validation Study of the Family Environment Scale: Family Incongruence Score Author: Neale, Linda Joanne Year: 1978 This study investigated the validity of the family incongruence score, a statistic which quantifies the discrepancies between family members' perceptions of their family system using answers given on the Family Environment Scale. Based on findings concerning incongruence in other environments, it was hypothesized that high family incongruence scores would be associated with more problems in the family system. Title: A Validation Study of the Family Environment Scale: Family Incongruence Score Author: Neale, Linda Joanne Year: 1978 This study investigated the validity of the family incongruence score, a statistic which quantifies the discrepancies between family members' perceptions of their family system using answers given on the Family Environment Scale. Based on findings concerning incongruence in other environments, it was hypothesized that high family incongruence scores would be associated with more problems in the family system. Close

• 2. [Article] Family Connections Research Capsules

  Family Connections Oregon (FCO) was a three-year demonstration project funded by the Children’s Bureau in which a co-located coordinator provided a package of services - intensive family finding and engagement, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Family Connections Research Capsules Author: Center for Improvement of Child and Family Services Year: 2015 Family Connections Oregon (FCO) was a three-year demonstration project funded by the Children’s Bureau in which a co-located coordinator provided a package of services - intensive family finding and engagement, family group conferencing, and follow-up - within the first 60 days of a child’s out-of-home placement. These practices are continuing in Oregon through a IV-E waiver demonstration project called Leveraging Intensive Family Engagement (LIFE). The Research Capsules associated with this project are included in this record. Title: Family Connections Research Capsules Author: Center for Improvement of Child and Family Services Year: 2015 Family Connections Oregon (FCO) was a three-year demonstration project funded by the Children’s Bureau in which a co-located coordinator provided a package of services - intensive family finding and engagement, family group conferencing, and follow-up - within the first 60 days of a child’s out-of-home placement. These practices are continuing in Oregon through a IV-E waiver demonstration project called Leveraging Intensive Family Engagement (LIFE). The Research Capsules associated with this project are included in this record. Close

• 3. [Article] An investigation of the combined effect of agency support and professional social workers' training on the type of family therapy practiced by agency-based social workers

  All persons are born into some form of family unit. The traditional family is a unit of people who live together over periods of time and have ties of marriage and kinship. Even if that unit is separated, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An investigation of the combined effect of agency support and professional social workers' training on the type of family therapy practiced by agency-based social workers Author: McCartor, Betsy Marsh, Labby, Margaret Year: 1977 All persons are born into some form of family unit. The traditional family is a unit of people who live together over periods of time and have ties of marriage and kinship. Even if that unit is separated, as in death or adoption, qualities of one’s personhood are closely connected with forebears and parents. Whether for good or bad, the family profoundly affects the individual. The family is an important unit. Many stresses impinge upon it. The church and extended family are less influential on the family today. The school is less influential. Where does the family turn for support? Social agencies have become the source for low cost aid for the family. The following study explores the extent to which social agencies provide this support for families in this community. Title: An investigation of the combined effect of agency support and professional social workers' training on the type of family therapy practiced by agency-based social workers Author: McCartor, Betsy Marsh, Labby, Margaret Year: 1977 All persons are born into some form of family unit. The traditional family is a unit of people who live together over periods of time and have ties of marriage and kinship. Even if that unit is separated, as in death or adoption, qualities of one’s personhood are closely connected with forebears and parents. Whether for good or bad, the family profoundly affects the individual. The family is an important unit. Many stresses impinge upon it. The church and extended family are less influential on the family today. The school is less influential. Where does the family turn for support? Social agencies have become the source for low cost aid for the family. The following study explores the extent to which social agencies provide this support for families in this community. Close

• 4. [Article] Intercultural training and international exchange : an exploratory study of the association of intercultural training with hosting goals of American families

  This study investigated the host family experience, specifically examining the goals of host families and intercultural training of host families. It compares the the importance and accomplishment of goals ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Intercultural training and international exchange : an exploratory study of the association of intercultural training with hosting goals of American families Author: Oehlschlaeger, Jan Marie Year: 1989 This study investigated the host family experience, specifically examining the goals of host families and intercultural training of host families. It compares the the importance and accomplishment of goals between interculturally trained host families and untrained host families.The focus of the research addressed the following research questions: 1) Do host families who receive intercultural training rate their goals differently than families who do not receive intercultural training? 1a) Do host families who receive intercultural training rate differently the goals in which the student meets intra-family needs than families who do not receive intercultural training? 2) Do host families who receive intercultural training report the level of accomplishment of their goals differently than host families who do not receive intercultural training? 2a) Do host families who receive intercultural training report the level of accomplishment of goals regarding cultural awareness differently than families who do not receive intercultural training? 3) To what extent is there a relationship between trained host family ratings of importance and ratings of accomplishment of goals? 3a) To what extent is there a relationship between untrained host family ratings of importance and ratings of accomplishment of goals? Title: Intercultural training and international exchange : an exploratory study of the association of intercultural training with hosting goals of American families Author: Oehlschlaeger, Jan Marie Year: 1989 This study investigated the host family experience, specifically examining the goals of host families and intercultural training of host families. It compares the the importance and accomplishment of goals between interculturally trained host families and untrained host families.The focus of the research addressed the following research questions: 1) Do host families who receive intercultural training rate their goals differently than families who do not receive intercultural training? 1a) Do host families who receive intercultural training rate differently the goals in which the student meets intra-family needs than families who do not receive intercultural training? 2) Do host families who receive intercultural training report the level of accomplishment of their goals differently than host families who do not receive intercultural training? 2a) Do host families who receive intercultural training report the level of accomplishment of goals regarding cultural awareness differently than families who do not receive intercultural training? 3) To what extent is there a relationship between trained host family ratings of importance and ratings of accomplishment of goals? 3a) To what extent is there a relationship between untrained host family ratings of importance and ratings of accomplishment of goals? Close

• 5. [Article] The effects of maternal support and non-support on the family concepts of sexually abused girls

  Incest, and the problems arising from it, have increasingly come under the scrutiny of therapists and researchers. All family members are affected by incest and all have been studied. Victims are particularly ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effects of maternal support and non-support on the family concepts of sexually abused girls Author: Hitchens, Sharon R. Year: 1985 Incest, and the problems arising from it, have increasingly come under the scrutiny of therapists and researchers. All family members are affected by incest and all have been studied. Victims are particularly devastated by sexual abuse by a family member but it is a commonly held belief that having a supportive mother can mitigate the trauma a victim experiences. In this study, girls between the ages of ten and eighteen who were the victims of sexual abuse by a father-figure were compared to a group of girls not thought to be incest victims. The incest victims were divided into two groups, those with supportive mothers and those with non-supportive mothers, with support being defined as belief that sexual abuse occurred and action taken to have the offender leave the home. The Family Concept Inventory was the basis of comparison. Family Effectiveness, the degree to which a test taker's ratings of his or her real and ideal families match professional therapists' ratings of the ideal family, and Family Satisfaction, the comparison of the Real and Ideal Family Effectiveness scores, are obtained from the Inventory. There was no statistically significant difference across the three groups 2 on any of the three measures. However, incest victims with nonsupportive mothers had significantly lower Real Family Effectiveness scores than did incest victims with supportive mothers and the control group. On Family Satisfaction the scores of incest victims with non-supportive mothers were lower than the scores of incest victims with supportive mothers, but this difference was not statistically significant. Incest victims with non-supportive mothers clearly view their families as less effective than do incest victims with non-supportive mothers and non-incest victims. However, they remain attached to their families and in need of them and cannot bear the thought of losing their families. This may explain, in part, the reason there was not a statistically significant difference in Family Satisfaction between the two groups of incest victims. Title: The effects of maternal support and non-support on the family concepts of sexually abused girls Author: Hitchens, Sharon R. Year: 1985 Incest, and the problems arising from it, have increasingly come under the scrutiny of therapists and researchers. All family members are affected by incest and all have been studied. Victims are particularly devastated by sexual abuse by a family member but it is a commonly held belief that having a supportive mother can mitigate the trauma a victim experiences. In this study, girls between the ages of ten and eighteen who were the victims of sexual abuse by a father-figure were compared to a group of girls not thought to be incest victims. The incest victims were divided into two groups, those with supportive mothers and those with non-supportive mothers, with support being defined as belief that sexual abuse occurred and action taken to have the offender leave the home. The Family Concept Inventory was the basis of comparison. Family Effectiveness, the degree to which a test taker's ratings of his or her real and ideal families match professional therapists' ratings of the ideal family, and Family Satisfaction, the comparison of the Real and Ideal Family Effectiveness scores, are obtained from the Inventory. There was no statistically significant difference across the three groups 2 on any of the three measures. However, incest victims with nonsupportive mothers had significantly lower Real Family Effectiveness scores than did incest victims with supportive mothers and the control group. On Family Satisfaction the scores of incest victims with non-supportive mothers were lower than the scores of incest victims with supportive mothers, but this difference was not statistically significant. Incest victims with non-supportive mothers clearly view their families as less effective than do incest victims with non-supportive mothers and non-incest victims. However, they remain attached to their families and in need of them and cannot bear the thought of losing their families. This may explain, in part, the reason there was not a statistically significant difference in Family Satisfaction between the two groups of incest victims. Close

• 6. [Article] Family Group Conferencing Practice

  Oregon has long been known as a site for innovative family engagement practice. Multiple forms of family meetings have been implemented in Oregon over the years and many child welfare offices use some ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Family Group Conferencing Practice Author: Rodgers, Angela, Cahn, Katharine Year: 2010 Oregon has long been known as a site for innovative family engagement practice. Multiple forms of family meetings have been implemented in Oregon over the years and many child welfare offices use some form of intensive efforts to find family for children in care. Beginning in the Fall 2012 and over the next three years, Oregon implemented a federally funded (Children's Bureau) demonstration project, Family Connections Oregon, to test a model intervention, to develop a supportive infrastructure for sustaining family connections practice, and to establish a family voice association at the policy level. These practices are continuing in Oregon through a IV-E waiver demonstration project called Leveraging Intensive Family Engagement (LIFE). Title: Family Group Conferencing Practice Author: Rodgers, Angela, Cahn, Katharine Year: 2010 Oregon has long been known as a site for innovative family engagement practice. Multiple forms of family meetings have been implemented in Oregon over the years and many child welfare offices use some form of intensive efforts to find family for children in care. Beginning in the Fall 2012 and over the next three years, Oregon implemented a federally funded (Children's Bureau) demonstration project, Family Connections Oregon, to test a model intervention, to develop a supportive infrastructure for sustaining family connections practice, and to establish a family voice association at the policy level. These practices are continuing in Oregon through a IV-E waiver demonstration project called Leveraging Intensive Family Engagement (LIFE). Close

• 7. [Article] Family Connections Research

  Family Connections Oregon (FCO) was a three-year demonstration project funded by the Children’s Bureau in which a co-located coordinator provided a package of services - intensive family finding and engagement, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Family Connections Research Author: Child Welfare Partnership, School of Social Work at Portland State University, Cahn, Katharine Year: 2015 Family Connections Oregon (FCO) was a three-year demonstration project funded by the Children’s Bureau in which a co-located coordinator provided a package of services - intensive family finding and engagement, family group conferencing, and follow-up - within the first 60 days of a child’s out-of-home placement. These practices are continuing in Oregon through a IV-E waiver demonstration project called Leveraging Intensive Family Engagement (LIFE). Title: Family Connections Research Author: Child Welfare Partnership, School of Social Work at Portland State University, Cahn, Katharine Year: 2015 Family Connections Oregon (FCO) was a three-year demonstration project funded by the Children’s Bureau in which a co-located coordinator provided a package of services - intensive family finding and engagement, family group conferencing, and follow-up - within the first 60 days of a child’s out-of-home placement. These practices are continuing in Oregon through a IV-E waiver demonstration project called Leveraging Intensive Family Engagement (LIFE). Close

• 8. [Article] Investigating Relationships among Work, Family, and Sleep: Cross-Sectional, Daily, and Intervention Effects

  Few studies to date have investigated associations among work, family, and sleep outcomes. The following dissertation includes three studies that attempt to further understanding of such relationships ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investigating Relationships among Work, Family, and Sleep: Cross-Sectional, Daily, and Intervention Effects Author: Crain, Tori Laurelle Year: 2015 Few studies to date have investigated associations among work, family, and sleep outcomes. The following dissertation includes three studies that attempt to further understanding of such relationships by utilizing data from information technology workers within the Work, Family, and Health Network study. In Study 1, which is published in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, associations between work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, family-supportive supervisor behaviors, and sleep outcomes, measured both subjectively and objectively, are examined in a cross-sectional sample. Study 2 investigates associations among work-to-family conflict, family-supportive supervisor behaviors, and subjective sleep outcomes within a seven-day daily diary framework. Furthermore, workplace characteristics are examined as moderators of these relationships. Study 3 explores the effect of a work-family intervention on sleep outcomes at the 18-month follow-up time point, in addition to mediators of the intervention effect on sleep outcomes over time. Title: Investigating Relationships among Work, Family, and Sleep: Cross-Sectional, Daily, and Intervention Effects Author: Crain, Tori Laurelle Year: 2015 Few studies to date have investigated associations among work, family, and sleep outcomes. The following dissertation includes three studies that attempt to further understanding of such relationships by utilizing data from information technology workers within the Work, Family, and Health Network study. In Study 1, which is published in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, associations between work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, family-supportive supervisor behaviors, and sleep outcomes, measured both subjectively and objectively, are examined in a cross-sectional sample. Study 2 investigates associations among work-to-family conflict, family-supportive supervisor behaviors, and subjective sleep outcomes within a seven-day daily diary framework. Furthermore, workplace characteristics are examined as moderators of these relationships. Study 3 explores the effect of a work-family intervention on sleep outcomes at the 18-month follow-up time point, in addition to mediators of the intervention effect on sleep outcomes over time. Close

• 9. [Article] Gender, Polychronicity, and the Work-Family Interface: is a Preference for Multitasking Beneficial?

  This study examined how polychronicity, or the preference to do several things concurrently, was related to work and family overload, work–family conflict, and outcomes in the work, family, and life domains ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender, Polychronicity, and the Work-Family Interface: is a Preference for Multitasking Beneficial? Author: Korabik, Karen, van Rhijn, Tricia, Ayman, Roya, Lero, Donna S., Hammer, Leslie B. Year: 2016 This study examined how polychronicity, or the preference to do several things concurrently, was related to work and family overload, work–family conflict, and outcomes in the work, family, and life domains (i.e. turnover intent, family, and life satisfaction). Using conservation of resources theory as a framework, polychronicity was conceptualized as a resource that could be used to reduce work and family overload. The participants were 553 employed parents from Canada and the US. Results indicated that polychronicity was related to lower work overload. Lower work overload was related to lower work interference with family conflict, lower turnover intent, and higher family and life satisfaction. We also examined gender differences and found that, although women scored significantly higher than men on family overload and family satisfaction, and significantly lower than men on life satisfaction, there was no mean gender difference on polychronicity. In addition, the path coefficients in the model were not significantly different for men and women. Title: Gender, Polychronicity, and the Work-Family Interface: is a Preference for Multitasking Beneficial? Author: Korabik, Karen, van Rhijn, Tricia, Ayman, Roya, Lero, Donna S., Hammer, Leslie B. Year: 2016 This study examined how polychronicity, or the preference to do several things concurrently, was related to work and family overload, work–family conflict, and outcomes in the work, family, and life domains (i.e. turnover intent, family, and life satisfaction). Using conservation of resources theory as a framework, polychronicity was conceptualized as a resource that could be used to reduce work and family overload. The participants were 553 employed parents from Canada and the US. Results indicated that polychronicity was related to lower work overload. Lower work overload was related to lower work interference with family conflict, lower turnover intent, and higher family and life satisfaction. We also examined gender differences and found that, although women scored significantly higher than men on family overload and family satisfaction, and significantly lower than men on life satisfaction, there was no mean gender difference on polychronicity. In addition, the path coefficients in the model were not significantly different for men and women. Close

• 10. [Article] Gender Difference in Working Parents' Perceptions of Work/Family Conflict and the Role of Occupational Prestige

  As many Americans move away from the traditional homemaker-breadwinner family model, research on gender and work/family conflict has become increasingly important and the question of gender difference ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender Difference in Working Parents' Perceptions of Work/Family Conflict and the Role of Occupational Prestige Author: McCabe, Heather Kirsten Year: 2015 As many Americans move away from the traditional homemaker-breadwinner family model, research on gender and work/family conflict has become increasingly important and the question of gender difference in experiences of work/family conflict continues to be relevant. While there is research that shows women tend to experience significantly greater work/family conflict than men, there are also studies that have shown little or no gender difference, and some that offer evidence that men are reporting more work/family conflict. This study contributes to the debate by examining gender and occupational prestige in regard to working parents' perceptions of work-to-family and family-to-work spillover, with a quantitative analysis of national probability sampled survey data from the General Social Survey's Quality of Working Life Module from the years 2006 and 2010. The findings indicate that fathers are reporting significantly more work/family conflict than mothers, and that higher prestige work is associated with greater work/family conflict, but occupational prestige has a gendered effect with work-to-family spillover and is found to be especially salient for fathers. Overall, this study demonstrates the need for policy-makers and employers to acknowledge men's parenthood. The findings are evidence that there is a need for incentivized paternity leave initiatives in the United States, as well as more universal employee work/life programs that address the barriers to fathers utilizing family-accommodating benefits. Title: Gender Difference in Working Parents' Perceptions of Work/Family Conflict and the Role of Occupational Prestige Author: McCabe, Heather Kirsten Year: 2015 As many Americans move away from the traditional homemaker-breadwinner family model, research on gender and work/family conflict has become increasingly important and the question of gender difference in experiences of work/family conflict continues to be relevant. While there is research that shows women tend to experience significantly greater work/family conflict than men, there are also studies that have shown little or no gender difference, and some that offer evidence that men are reporting more work/family conflict. This study contributes to the debate by examining gender and occupational prestige in regard to working parents' perceptions of work-to-family and family-to-work spillover, with a quantitative analysis of national probability sampled survey data from the General Social Survey's Quality of Working Life Module from the years 2006 and 2010. The findings indicate that fathers are reporting significantly more work/family conflict than mothers, and that higher prestige work is associated with greater work/family conflict, but occupational prestige has a gendered effect with work-to-family spillover and is found to be especially salient for fathers. Overall, this study demonstrates the need for policy-makers and employers to acknowledge men's parenthood. The findings are evidence that there is a need for incentivized paternity leave initiatives in the United States, as well as more universal employee work/life programs that address the barriers to fathers utilizing family-accommodating benefits. Close

• 11. [Article] Bringing Functional Family Probation Services to the Community: A Qualitative Case Study

  In March 2011, Multnomah County's Juvenile Services Division (JSD) in Portland, Oregon implemented a new program model called Functional Family Probation Services, a case management model based on the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bringing Functional Family Probation Services to the Community: A Qualitative Case Study Author: Austin, Denise Lynmarie Year: 2013 In March 2011, Multnomah County's Juvenile Services Division (JSD) in Portland, Oregon implemented a new program model called Functional Family Probation Services, a case management model based on the principles of Functional Family Therapy. Under this model JSD Juvenile Court Counselors deliver Functional Family Probation Services to medium and high-risk youth on probation; both to the youth and their family in their home. This qualitative case study examined the extent to which the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers implemented Functional Family Probation Service's components and recorded their opinions regarding Functional Family Probation Services as a case management model. The study included observations of consultation meetings and interviews of 17 Juvenile Court Counselors, Community Justice Managers, and Senior Managers. The primary results of the study revealed that the Functional Family Probation Services intervention is well received by the county's youth and families and that Functional Family Probation Services increases family functioning. Additionally, both observations and self-reports from the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers indicate that Functional Family Probation Services requires individual and organizational changes critical for its successful implementation and sustainability. Title: Bringing Functional Family Probation Services to the Community: A Qualitative Case Study Author: Austin, Denise Lynmarie Year: 2013 In March 2011, Multnomah County's Juvenile Services Division (JSD) in Portland, Oregon implemented a new program model called Functional Family Probation Services, a case management model based on the principles of Functional Family Therapy. Under this model JSD Juvenile Court Counselors deliver Functional Family Probation Services to medium and high-risk youth on probation; both to the youth and their family in their home. This qualitative case study examined the extent to which the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers implemented Functional Family Probation Service's components and recorded their opinions regarding Functional Family Probation Services as a case management model. The study included observations of consultation meetings and interviews of 17 Juvenile Court Counselors, Community Justice Managers, and Senior Managers. The primary results of the study revealed that the Functional Family Probation Services intervention is well received by the county's youth and families and that Functional Family Probation Services increases family functioning. Additionally, both observations and self-reports from the Juvenile Court Counselors and Community Justice Managers indicate that Functional Family Probation Services requires individual and organizational changes critical for its successful implementation and sustainability. Close

• 12. [Article] Assessment of the needs of the families of the hospitalized mentally ill

  The purpose of this study was to assess the special needs of the families of hospitalized mental patients. The study focused upon the time prior to and including the decision to hospitalize a mentally ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessment of the needs of the families of the hospitalized mentally ill Author: Audette, Jean Pelosi, Jossy, Phyllis J. Year: 1978 The purpose of this study was to assess the special needs of the families of hospitalized mental patients. The study focused upon the time prior to and including the decision to hospitalize a mentally ill family member. Particularly, the researchers wished to examine the stresses that the family encountered in attempting to deal with a disturbed member as well as their concerns regarding psychiatric hospitalization and the effect which it had upon the family. Title: Assessment of the needs of the families of the hospitalized mentally ill Author: Audette, Jean Pelosi, Jossy, Phyllis J. Year: 1978 The purpose of this study was to assess the special needs of the families of hospitalized mental patients. The study focused upon the time prior to and including the decision to hospitalize a mentally ill family member. Particularly, the researchers wished to examine the stresses that the family encountered in attempting to deal with a disturbed member as well as their concerns regarding psychiatric hospitalization and the effect which it had upon the family. Close

• 13. [Article] A study of the crisis nature of the preparenthood period and implications for preventative social work practice

  This study addresses the preparenthood period of family life, that period from conception to six weeks after the infant is born. This period was of great interest because in nine years of social work practice ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A study of the crisis nature of the preparenthood period and implications for preventative social work practice Author: Colton, Julie Jean Year: 1980 This study addresses the preparenthood period of family life, that period from conception to six weeks after the infant is born. This period was of great interest because in nine years of social work practice I have recognized that families resist change after their particular family system process, even destructive process, is established. I also believe that the order, or disorder, of society depends upon the order of the institution of the family. Other institutions of society depend upon the family for their existence. Title: A study of the crisis nature of the preparenthood period and implications for preventative social work practice Author: Colton, Julie Jean Year: 1980 This study addresses the preparenthood period of family life, that period from conception to six weeks after the infant is born. This period was of great interest because in nine years of social work practice I have recognized that families resist change after their particular family system process, even destructive process, is established. I also believe that the order, or disorder, of society depends upon the order of the institution of the family. Other institutions of society depend upon the family for their existence. Close

• 14. [Article] A study of families with stress related to the care of children with myelomeningocele

  This was an exploratory-descriptive study of fifty children afflicted with myelomeningocele, ages one through six, who were known to the Myelomeningocele Clinic of the Crippled Children’s Division. The ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A study of families with stress related to the care of children with myelomeningocele Author: Ferguson, Janet L., Tweed, Russel Year: 1971 This was an exploratory-descriptive study of fifty children afflicted with myelomeningocele, ages one through six, who were known to the Myelomeningocele Clinic of the Crippled Children’s Division. The study identified the degree of multiple physical, emotional, and environmental stress factors that families must be prepared to cope with. The study identified eleven factors felt to play an important role in family dynamics and how they related to the families response to their child with myelomeningocele. The factors were tested and found to be valid by the use of a pre-test on ten case records. Medical records were then obtained from the Crippled Children's Division for chart review purposes and the appropriate material was recorded. Scores were developed that indicated the degree of stress ranging from minimal involvement to maximum involvement. The study found that a majority of the families in the sample live within commuting distance to needed medical services, have transportation available to them and generally utilize the necessary medical care appropriately. The remainder of the study showed, however, that families could be expected to face a variety of other problems that could only serve to increase family stress. Most of the families had limited financial resources. Over one-half of the families needed special education for their children. A majority of families had no medical insurance. Fifty-eight percent of the families were found to have additional stressful problems to cope with e. g., marital stress, sibling rivalry, additional ill members, etc. Added to this was the information that the child with myelomeningocele was found to be greatly involved in a multiplicity of medical problems at many different levels of functioning. e. g., orthopedic, bowel, neurosurgical, etc., that would be expected to add to the already stressful family dynamics. Among the recommendations developed was a plea for the expansion of the satellite clinic concept, development of parent groups on a geographical basis, development of educational programs for educators and community service personnel, brief orientation programs for parents with the goal of helping them understand and integrate the health care system that they find themselves in. Title: A study of families with stress related to the care of children with myelomeningocele Author: Ferguson, Janet L., Tweed, Russel Year: 1971 This was an exploratory-descriptive study of fifty children afflicted with myelomeningocele, ages one through six, who were known to the Myelomeningocele Clinic of the Crippled Children’s Division. The study identified the degree of multiple physical, emotional, and environmental stress factors that families must be prepared to cope with. The study identified eleven factors felt to play an important role in family dynamics and how they related to the families response to their child with myelomeningocele. The factors were tested and found to be valid by the use of a pre-test on ten case records. Medical records were then obtained from the Crippled Children's Division for chart review purposes and the appropriate material was recorded. Scores were developed that indicated the degree of stress ranging from minimal involvement to maximum involvement. The study found that a majority of the families in the sample live within commuting distance to needed medical services, have transportation available to them and generally utilize the necessary medical care appropriately. The remainder of the study showed, however, that families could be expected to face a variety of other problems that could only serve to increase family stress. Most of the families had limited financial resources. Over one-half of the families needed special education for their children. A majority of families had no medical insurance. Fifty-eight percent of the families were found to have additional stressful problems to cope with e. g., marital stress, sibling rivalry, additional ill members, etc. Added to this was the information that the child with myelomeningocele was found to be greatly involved in a multiplicity of medical problems at many different levels of functioning. e. g., orthopedic, bowel, neurosurgical, etc., that would be expected to add to the already stressful family dynamics. Among the recommendations developed was a plea for the expansion of the satellite clinic concept, development of parent groups on a geographical basis, development of educational programs for educators and community service personnel, brief orientation programs for parents with the goal of helping them understand and integrate the health care system that they find themselves in. Close

• 15. [Article] Work-Family Conflict, Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB), and Sleep Outcomes

  Although critical to health and well-being, relatively little research has been conducted in the organizational literature on linkages between the work-family interface and sleep. Drawing on Conservation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Work-Family Conflict, Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB), and Sleep Outcomes Author: Crain, Tori Laurelle, Hammer, Leslie B., Bodner, Todd, Kossek, Ellen Ernst, Moen, Phyllis, Lilienthal, Richard, Buxton, Orfeu Year: 2014 Although critical to health and well-being, relatively little research has been conducted in the organizational literature on linkages between the work-family interface and sleep. Drawing on Conservation of Resources theory, we use a sample of 623 information technology workers to examine the relationships between work-family conflict, family-supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB), and sleep quality and quantity. Validated wrist actigraphy methods were used to collect objective sleep quality and quantity data over a one week period of time, and survey methods were used to collect information on self-reported work-family conflict, FSSB, and sleep quality and quantity. Results demonstrated that the combination of predictors (i.e., work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, FSSB) was significantly related to both objective and self-report measures of sleep quantity and quality. Future research should further examine the work-family interface to sleep link and make use of interventions targeting the work-family interface as a means for improving sleep health. Title: Work-Family Conflict, Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors (FSSB), and Sleep Outcomes Author: Crain, Tori Laurelle, Hammer, Leslie B., Bodner, Todd, Kossek, Ellen Ernst, Moen, Phyllis, Lilienthal, Richard, Buxton, Orfeu Year: 2014 Although critical to health and well-being, relatively little research has been conducted in the organizational literature on linkages between the work-family interface and sleep. Drawing on Conservation of Resources theory, we use a sample of 623 information technology workers to examine the relationships between work-family conflict, family-supportive supervisor behaviors (FSSB), and sleep quality and quantity. Validated wrist actigraphy methods were used to collect objective sleep quality and quantity data over a one week period of time, and survey methods were used to collect information on self-reported work-family conflict, FSSB, and sleep quality and quantity. Results demonstrated that the combination of predictors (i.e., work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, FSSB) was significantly related to both objective and self-report measures of sleep quantity and quality. Future research should further examine the work-family interface to sleep link and make use of interventions targeting the work-family interface as a means for improving sleep health. Close

• 16. [Article] Balancing the Demands of Employment and Family Life: Results of the Family Caregiving Survey

  This article describes patterns of work and family balance that were examined for employed parents who give family care to children with serious emotional disorders. A secondary analysis of data from the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Balancing the Demands of Employment and Family Life: Results of the Family Caregiving Survey Author: Brennan, Eileen M., Poertner, John Year: 1997 This article describes patterns of work and family balance that were examined for employed parents who give family care to children with serious emotional disorders. A secondary analysis of data from the Family Caregiver Survey was performed for a subsample of 184 caregivers employed outside the home or having a partner employed full time. Families having different work structures (patterns of part- or full-time employment and of parenting arrangements) reported significantly different levels of job stress, pleasure in work and intimate relationships, work used as coping, and satisfaction handling home responsibilities. Although reported child behaviors were significantly related to stress attributed to children and family, the behaviors were not related to work structure, job stress, or support service use. Title: Balancing the Demands of Employment and Family Life: Results of the Family Caregiving Survey Author: Brennan, Eileen M., Poertner, John Year: 1997 This article describes patterns of work and family balance that were examined for employed parents who give family care to children with serious emotional disorders. A secondary analysis of data from the Family Caregiver Survey was performed for a subsample of 184 caregivers employed outside the home or having a partner employed full time. Families having different work structures (patterns of part- or full-time employment and of parenting arrangements) reported significantly different levels of job stress, pleasure in work and intimate relationships, work used as coping, and satisfaction handling home responsibilities. Although reported child behaviors were significantly related to stress attributed to children and family, the behaviors were not related to work structure, job stress, or support service use. Close

• 17. [Article] Factor structure and reliability of the revised Family adaptability and cohesion scales

  The present study assessed scores from 627 mothers, fathers and children throughout the metropolitan Portland area on the revised Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES). Of interest was the revised ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Factor structure and reliability of the revised Family adaptability and cohesion scales Author: Sadler, Carol A. Year: 1981 The present study assessed scores from 627 mothers, fathers and children throughout the metropolitan Portland area on the revised Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES). Of interest was the revised FACES factor structure, internal consistency and interrater reliabilities. Title: Factor structure and reliability of the revised Family adaptability and cohesion scales Author: Sadler, Carol A. Year: 1981 The present study assessed scores from 627 mothers, fathers and children throughout the metropolitan Portland area on the revised Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales (FACES). Of interest was the revised FACES factor structure, internal consistency and interrater reliabilities. Close

• 18. [Article] Desertion of elderly by adult children

  This study examines the widely prevalent belief that adult children desert their elders. Data which suggested considerable family support of elderly family members were collected over a period of one year ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Desertion of elderly by adult children Author: Harvey, Jill C. Year: 1982 This study examines the widely prevalent belief that adult children desert their elders. Data which suggested considerable family support of elderly family members were collected over a period of one year through counseling families with dependent parents. These families exhibited confusion and lack of knowledge but not desertion. Title: Desertion of elderly by adult children Author: Harvey, Jill C. Year: 1982 This study examines the widely prevalent belief that adult children desert their elders. Data which suggested considerable family support of elderly family members were collected over a period of one year through counseling families with dependent parents. These families exhibited confusion and lack of knowledge but not desertion. Close

• 19. [Article] A Multi-Level Study of the Predictors of Family-Supportive Supervision

  There is a growing awareness that informal supports such as family-supportive supervision are critical in assuring the success of work-life policies and benefits. Furthermore, it is believed that family-supportive ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Multi-Level Study of the Predictors of Family-Supportive Supervision Author: Hanson, Ginger Charmagne Year: 2011 There is a growing awareness that informal supports such as family-supportive supervision are critical in assuring the success of work-life policies and benefits. Furthermore, it is believed that family-supportive supervision may have positive effects regardless of the number or quality of work-life polices and benefits an organization has in place. Given this recognition, work-life experts have emphasized the need for supervisor training to increase family-supportive supervision. To date however, there has been a paucity of research on the predictors of family-supportive supervision which could be used as the target of such a training intervention. This dissertation had three major aims: 1) to investigate which supervisor-level (e.g., reward system, productivity maintenance, salience of changing workforce, belief in business case, awareness of organizational policies and benefits, role-modeling) and employee-level (e.g., support sought) factors are most strongly related to family-supportive supervision; 2) to explore whether supervisor factors moderate the relationship between support sought and family-supportive supervision; 3) and to use a multilevel design to confirm the association between family-supportive supervision and work-family conflict. This study used a cross-sectional, two-level (e.g., supervisor, and employee) hierarchical design. The data were collected from supervisors (Nurse Managers N=67) and employees (Nurses N=757) at five hospitals in the Pacific Northwest. All of the major analyses were conducted using multi-level regression in HLM. The results indicated that family-supportive supervision was higher for employees who worked for managers with a stronger belief in the business case and for employees who sought support. None of the other supervisor-level factors were found to be significant predictors of family supportive supervision. There was no evidence that supervisor-level factors moderated that relationship between support sought and family-supportive supervision. Higher levels of family-supportive supervision were related to lower work-to-family conflict. These findings suggest that organizations seeking to reduce work-family conflict and increase family supportive supervision should consider intervening at multiple levels. This dissertation reviews a rich body of evidence demonstrating the business case for offering work-life supports that could serve as a starting point for developing a training to increase supervisors' belief in the business case. In addition, strategies for organizations to increase support seeking, which has been shown to be an important coping mechanism, are discussed. The multi-level design of this dissertation also contributes to the literature by demonstrating that the largest proportion of variability in family-supportive supervision is at the employee-level. This finding suggests the importance of measuring family-supportive supervision at the employee-level and suggests that future research should focus on the employee-level predictors of family-supportive supervision. Title: A Multi-Level Study of the Predictors of Family-Supportive Supervision Author: Hanson, Ginger Charmagne Year: 2011 There is a growing awareness that informal supports such as family-supportive supervision are critical in assuring the success of work-life policies and benefits. Furthermore, it is believed that family-supportive supervision may have positive effects regardless of the number or quality of work-life polices and benefits an organization has in place. Given this recognition, work-life experts have emphasized the need for supervisor training to increase family-supportive supervision. To date however, there has been a paucity of research on the predictors of family-supportive supervision which could be used as the target of such a training intervention. This dissertation had three major aims: 1) to investigate which supervisor-level (e.g., reward system, productivity maintenance, salience of changing workforce, belief in business case, awareness of organizational policies and benefits, role-modeling) and employee-level (e.g., support sought) factors are most strongly related to family-supportive supervision; 2) to explore whether supervisor factors moderate the relationship between support sought and family-supportive supervision; 3) and to use a multilevel design to confirm the association between family-supportive supervision and work-family conflict. This study used a cross-sectional, two-level (e.g., supervisor, and employee) hierarchical design. The data were collected from supervisors (Nurse Managers N=67) and employees (Nurses N=757) at five hospitals in the Pacific Northwest. All of the major analyses were conducted using multi-level regression in HLM. The results indicated that family-supportive supervision was higher for employees who worked for managers with a stronger belief in the business case and for employees who sought support. None of the other supervisor-level factors were found to be significant predictors of family supportive supervision. There was no evidence that supervisor-level factors moderated that relationship between support sought and family-supportive supervision. Higher levels of family-supportive supervision were related to lower work-to-family conflict. These findings suggest that organizations seeking to reduce work-family conflict and increase family supportive supervision should consider intervening at multiple levels. This dissertation reviews a rich body of evidence demonstrating the business case for offering work-life supports that could serve as a starting point for developing a training to increase supervisors' belief in the business case. In addition, strategies for organizations to increase support seeking, which has been shown to be an important coping mechanism, are discussed. The multi-level design of this dissertation also contributes to the literature by demonstrating that the largest proportion of variability in family-supportive supervision is at the employee-level. This finding suggests the importance of measuring family-supportive supervision at the employee-level and suggests that future research should focus on the employee-level predictors of family-supportive supervision. Close

• 20. [Article] Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism in Latino and Non-Latino White Families

  Objectives: To compare barriers to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis and current ASD-related service use among non-Latino white (NLW) families and Latino families with English proficiency (L-EP) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism in Latino and Non-Latino White Families Author: Zuckerman, Katharine E., Lindly, Olivia J., Reyes, Nuri M., Chavez, Alison E., Macias, Kristy, Smith, Kathryn N., Reynolds, Ann Year: 2017 Objectives: To compare barriers to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis and current ASD-related service use among non-Latino white (NLW) families and Latino families with English proficiency (L-EP) or limited English proficiency (L-LEP). Methods: We conducted a mixed-mode survey of families of children with confirmed ASD seen at specialty clinics in 3 United States cities. Bivariate and multivariate analyses compared barriers to ASD diagnosis, current service use, and unmet therapy need among NLW, L-EP, and L-LEP families. Results: Overall, barriers to ASD diagnosis were prevalent: families (n = 352) experienced a mean of 8 of 15 barriers to ASD diagnosis. The most prevalent barriers overall were "stress of diagnostic process," "parent knowledge about ASD," and "understanding medical system." Compared with NLW families, L-LEP families were more likely to experience barriers related to knowledge about ASD and trust in providers. Children in L-LEP families also had fewer current therapy hours and more unmet therapy needs than children in NLW families. L-EP families' barriers and treatment services use profile was more similar to NLW than to L-LEP families. Conclusions: English proficiency was an important marker for barriers to ASD diagnosis and treatment in Latinos. Increasing ASD-related knowledge and provider trust may decrease disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of ASD among US Latinos. Title: Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Autism in Latino and Non-Latino White Families Author: Zuckerman, Katharine E., Lindly, Olivia J., Reyes, Nuri M., Chavez, Alison E., Macias, Kristy, Smith, Kathryn N., Reynolds, Ann Year: 2017 Objectives: To compare barriers to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis and current ASD-related service use among non-Latino white (NLW) families and Latino families with English proficiency (L-EP) or limited English proficiency (L-LEP). Methods: We conducted a mixed-mode survey of families of children with confirmed ASD seen at specialty clinics in 3 United States cities. Bivariate and multivariate analyses compared barriers to ASD diagnosis, current service use, and unmet therapy need among NLW, L-EP, and L-LEP families. Results: Overall, barriers to ASD diagnosis were prevalent: families (n = 352) experienced a mean of 8 of 15 barriers to ASD diagnosis. The most prevalent barriers overall were "stress of diagnostic process," "parent knowledge about ASD," and "understanding medical system." Compared with NLW families, L-LEP families were more likely to experience barriers related to knowledge about ASD and trust in providers. Children in L-LEP families also had fewer current therapy hours and more unmet therapy needs than children in NLW families. L-EP families' barriers and treatment services use profile was more similar to NLW than to L-LEP families. Conclusions: English proficiency was an important marker for barriers to ASD diagnosis and treatment in Latinos. Increasing ASD-related knowledge and provider trust may decrease disparities in the diagnosis and treatment of ASD among US Latinos. Close