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• 81. [Article] Integrating Economics and System Dynamics Approaches for Modeling an Ecological-Economic System

  This article describes collaboration between system dynamicists and economists to model a multi-sector, ecological-economic model of population and resource dynamics that is firmly based on economic theory ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Integrating Economics and System Dynamics Approaches for Modeling an Ecological-Economic System Author: Uehara, Takuro, Nagase, Yoko, Wakeland, Wayne Year: 2013 This article describes collaboration between system dynamicists and economists to model a multi-sector, ecological-economic model of population and resource dynamics that is firmly based on economic theory and leverages the strengths of both fields. This model illuminates how an SD approach allows model complexity to be extended in order to effectively model interactions between an economic system and an ecological system. Specifically, the simulation exercise demonstrates how SD model analysis can help explain the counterintuitive model behaviors due to increases in the natural resource carrying capacity or regeneration rate. The simulation results also reveal that allowing for out-of-equilibrium states (adaptation) significantly impacts the dynamics of ecological economic systems, a point often neglected in the economics literature. These findings, while familiar to system dynamicists, highlight the potential for SD to contribute to other disciplines, including economics. Title: Integrating Economics and System Dynamics Approaches for Modeling an Ecological-Economic System Author: Uehara, Takuro, Nagase, Yoko, Wakeland, Wayne Year: 2013 This article describes collaboration between system dynamicists and economists to model a multi-sector, ecological-economic model of population and resource dynamics that is firmly based on economic theory and leverages the strengths of both fields. This model illuminates how an SD approach allows model complexity to be extended in order to effectively model interactions between an economic system and an ecological system. Specifically, the simulation exercise demonstrates how SD model analysis can help explain the counterintuitive model behaviors due to increases in the natural resource carrying capacity or regeneration rate. The simulation results also reveal that allowing for out-of-equilibrium states (adaptation) significantly impacts the dynamics of ecological economic systems, a point often neglected in the economics literature. These findings, while familiar to system dynamicists, highlight the potential for SD to contribute to other disciplines, including economics. Close

• 82. [Article] Our Cities and The City: Incompatible Classics?

  At the end of the 1930s, Americans interested in the fates and futures of their cities had the opportunity to consider two new efforts to summarize urban problems and propose solutions. The first was Our ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Our Cities and The City: Incompatible Classics? Author: Abbott, Carl Year: 2011 At the end of the 1930s, Americans interested in the fates and futures of their cities had the opportunity to consider two new efforts to summarize urban problems and propose solutions. The first was Our Cities: Their Role in the National Economy, published in 1937 under the auspices of the National Resources Board. The second was The City, a film sponsored by the American Institute of Planners for showing at the New York world's fair in 1939. The report and the film arose out of different analytical traditions, the first from the approach that embedded urban planning within a larger field of social science and policy making and the second from the physical planning and design tradition that had marked planning practice in the first third of the twentieth century. This article considers the origins of the two texts, compares their topical coverage and prescriptions for change, and argues that their differences encapsulated a deep tension that has continued to be manifest within urban planning in the USA into the present century. Title: Our Cities and The City: Incompatible Classics? Author: Abbott, Carl Year: 2011 At the end of the 1930s, Americans interested in the fates and futures of their cities had the opportunity to consider two new efforts to summarize urban problems and propose solutions. The first was Our Cities: Their Role in the National Economy, published in 1937 under the auspices of the National Resources Board. The second was The City, a film sponsored by the American Institute of Planners for showing at the New York world's fair in 1939. The report and the film arose out of different analytical traditions, the first from the approach that embedded urban planning within a larger field of social science and policy making and the second from the physical planning and design tradition that had marked planning practice in the first third of the twentieth century. This article considers the origins of the two texts, compares their topical coverage and prescriptions for change, and argues that their differences encapsulated a deep tension that has continued to be manifest within urban planning in the USA into the present century. Close

• 83. [Article] Interview with Dale Blanton

  Dale Blanton was interviewed by Bob Rindy and Jim Knight on June 13, 2017. Dale Blanton served as the Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development’s senior coastal policy analyst and as the Federal ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Interview with Dale Blanton Author: Blanton, Dale, Rindy, Bob, Knight, James Year: 2017 Dale Blanton was interviewed by Bob Rindy and Jim Knight on June 13, 2017. Dale Blanton served as the Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development’s senior coastal policy analyst and as the Federal Program Officer for the agency’s Coastal Management Program. He was the principal policy advisor to coastal planners, state agencies, and local governments, especially on statewide planning goals 16 (Estuarine Resources), 17 (Coastal Shorelands), and 18 (Beaches and Dunes), and monitored the effects of state and federal legislative actions on coastal policies and programs. Prior to his twenty-six-year career with DLCD, Blanton worked as a natural resource agency coordinator for the Oregon Dispute Resolution Commission. He retired from DLCD in 2011. Title: Interview with Dale Blanton Author: Blanton, Dale, Rindy, Bob, Knight, James Year: 2017 Dale Blanton was interviewed by Bob Rindy and Jim Knight on June 13, 2017. Dale Blanton served as the Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development’s senior coastal policy analyst and as the Federal Program Officer for the agency’s Coastal Management Program. He was the principal policy advisor to coastal planners, state agencies, and local governments, especially on statewide planning goals 16 (Estuarine Resources), 17 (Coastal Shorelands), and 18 (Beaches and Dunes), and monitored the effects of state and federal legislative actions on coastal policies and programs. Prior to his twenty-six-year career with DLCD, Blanton worked as a natural resource agency coordinator for the Oregon Dispute Resolution Commission. He retired from DLCD in 2011. Close

• 84. [Article] The Cost Effectiveness in Saving Water

  In the past decade the initiative to go green has grown at such a great pace that it has been difficult to deny the new movement, which is directed towards being more efficient, cost effective and environmentally ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Cost Effectiveness in Saving Water Author: Chaturvedi, Ritu, Youssef, Sherif, Thabet, Sallam, Limarta, Standley, Wang, Tien-Hao, Lin, Yi-Tseng Year: 2014 In the past decade the initiative to go green has grown at such a great pace that it has been difficult to deny the new movement, which is directed towards being more efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly. From this movement the Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design more widely known as LEED was born. LEED, which is a certification standard organized by the U.S. Green Building Council had made it its mission to “To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life.” [1] In this research paper water efficiency in use is studied as well as the management of stormwater runoff on a specific building in the Portland State University Campus. Title: The Cost Effectiveness in Saving Water Author: Chaturvedi, Ritu, Youssef, Sherif, Thabet, Sallam, Limarta, Standley, Wang, Tien-Hao, Lin, Yi-Tseng Year: 2014 In the past decade the initiative to go green has grown at such a great pace that it has been difficult to deny the new movement, which is directed towards being more efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly. From this movement the Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design more widely known as LEED was born. LEED, which is a certification standard organized by the U.S. Green Building Council had made it its mission to “To transform the way buildings and communities are designed, built and operated, enabling an environmentally and socially responsible, healthy, and prosperous environment that improves the quality of life.” [1] In this research paper water efficiency in use is studied as well as the management of stormwater runoff on a specific building in the Portland State University Campus. Close

• 85. [Article] The Interplay Between Landscape Structure and Biotic Interactions

  Landscape structure and biotic interactions are closely linked. We identify five aspects of landscape structure that contribute to the co-occurrence of species and restrict or enable different types of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Interplay Between Landscape Structure and Biotic Interactions Author: Zarnetske, Phoebe, Baiser, Benjamin, Strecker, Angela L., Record, Sydne, Belmaker, Jonathan, Tuanmu, Mao-Ning Year: 2017 Landscape structure and biotic interactions are closely linked. We identify five aspects of landscape structure that contribute to the co-occurrence of species and restrict or enable different types of biotic interactions: patch size and habitat amount, isolation of patches, barriers to dispersal and movement, persistence of landscape structure, and landscape complexity. In addition, these aspects of landscape structure influence the strength and outcome of biotic interactions. Whereas most research focuses on the effects of the abiotic environment on species and their biotic interactions, research on foundation species and ecosystem engineers demonstrates the important influence of biotic interactions on landscape structure itself, including effects on landscape complexity, extent of habitat, and the structure of landscape features. In this review, we describe ecological theories that lay the foundation for interplay between landscape structure and biotic interactions, and summarize these connections across an array of interacting species in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial systems. We end with suggestions for integrating the fields of landscape ecology and community ecology to better understand the connections between landscape structure and biotic interactions and better predict their dynamics in light of global change. Title: The Interplay Between Landscape Structure and Biotic Interactions Author: Zarnetske, Phoebe, Baiser, Benjamin, Strecker, Angela L., Record, Sydne, Belmaker, Jonathan, Tuanmu, Mao-Ning Year: 2017 Landscape structure and biotic interactions are closely linked. We identify five aspects of landscape structure that contribute to the co-occurrence of species and restrict or enable different types of biotic interactions: patch size and habitat amount, isolation of patches, barriers to dispersal and movement, persistence of landscape structure, and landscape complexity. In addition, these aspects of landscape structure influence the strength and outcome of biotic interactions. Whereas most research focuses on the effects of the abiotic environment on species and their biotic interactions, research on foundation species and ecosystem engineers demonstrates the important influence of biotic interactions on landscape structure itself, including effects on landscape complexity, extent of habitat, and the structure of landscape features. In this review, we describe ecological theories that lay the foundation for interplay between landscape structure and biotic interactions, and summarize these connections across an array of interacting species in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial systems. We end with suggestions for integrating the fields of landscape ecology and community ecology to better understand the connections between landscape structure and biotic interactions and better predict their dynamics in light of global change. Close

• 86. [Article] A Global System Growing Itself to Death -- and What We Can Do about It

  The underlying purpose of today's global economy, most assume, is to transform natural resources into a continuously growing quantity of goods and services for human consumption. Even when people acknowledge ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Global System Growing Itself to Death -- and What We Can Do about It Author: Johnson, H. Thomas Year: 2012 The underlying purpose of today's global economy, most assume, is to transform natural resources into a continuously growing quantity of goods and services for human consumption. Even when people acknowledge the existence of myriad social and environmental problems such as wide-spread poverty, climate change, extinction of species, and the increasingly unequal distribution of income and wealth, they fail to see economic growth as a fundamental cause of these problems. In fact, many propose that we can "grow our way" out of serious social and financial challenges. Because they see growth as beneficial, they do not recognize that it makes "solution" such recycling and driving hybrid or electric vehicles ultimately ineffectual. This article focuses on how we might solve our economic problems and repair the current global economy. Title: A Global System Growing Itself to Death -- and What We Can Do about It Author: Johnson, H. Thomas Year: 2012 The underlying purpose of today's global economy, most assume, is to transform natural resources into a continuously growing quantity of goods and services for human consumption. Even when people acknowledge the existence of myriad social and environmental problems such as wide-spread poverty, climate change, extinction of species, and the increasingly unequal distribution of income and wealth, they fail to see economic growth as a fundamental cause of these problems. In fact, many propose that we can "grow our way" out of serious social and financial challenges. Because they see growth as beneficial, they do not recognize that it makes "solution" such recycling and driving hybrid or electric vehicles ultimately ineffectual. This article focuses on how we might solve our economic problems and repair the current global economy. Close

• 87. [Article] Archaeological Data Provide Alternative Hypotheses on Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) Distribution, Abundance, and Variability

  Over the last century, Pacific herring, a forage fish of tremendous cultural, economic, and ecological importance, has declined in abundance over much of its range. We synthesize archaeological fisheries ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Archaeological Data Provide Alternative Hypotheses on Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) Distribution, Abundance, and Variability Author: McKechnie, Iain, Lepofsky, Dana, Moss, Madonna L., Butler, Virginia L., Orchard, Trevor J, Coupland, Gary, Foster, Frederick, Caldwell, Megan, Lertzman, Ken Year: 2014 Over the last century, Pacific herring, a forage fish of tremendous cultural, economic, and ecological importance, has declined in abundance over much of its range. We synthesize archaeological fisheries data spanning the past 10,000 y from Puget Sound in Washington to southeast Alaska to extend the ecological baseline for herring and contextualize the dynamics of modern industrial fisheries. While modern herring populations can be erratic and exhibit catastrophic declines, the archaeological record indicates a pattern of consistent abundance, providing an example of long-term sustainability and resilience in a fishery known for its modern variability. The most parsimonious explanation for the discrepancy between herring abundance in the ancient and more recent past is industrial harvesting over the last century. Title: Archaeological Data Provide Alternative Hypotheses on Pacific Herring (Clupea pallasii) Distribution, Abundance, and Variability Author: McKechnie, Iain, Lepofsky, Dana, Moss, Madonna L., Butler, Virginia L., Orchard, Trevor J, Coupland, Gary, Foster, Frederick, Caldwell, Megan, Lertzman, Ken Year: 2014 Over the last century, Pacific herring, a forage fish of tremendous cultural, economic, and ecological importance, has declined in abundance over much of its range. We synthesize archaeological fisheries data spanning the past 10,000 y from Puget Sound in Washington to southeast Alaska to extend the ecological baseline for herring and contextualize the dynamics of modern industrial fisheries. While modern herring populations can be erratic and exhibit catastrophic declines, the archaeological record indicates a pattern of consistent abundance, providing an example of long-term sustainability and resilience in a fishery known for its modern variability. The most parsimonious explanation for the discrepancy between herring abundance in the ancient and more recent past is industrial harvesting over the last century. Close

• 88. [Article] A Case Study of the Baldock Restoration Project

  Since the 1980s, homelessness has become an increasingly visible and seemingly intransigent part of American society. It affects not only those who experience it directly, as a condition in their own lives, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Case Study of the Baldock Restoration Project Author: Tremoulet, Andrée, Bassett, Ellen M. Year: 2012 Since the 1980s, homelessness has become an increasingly visible and seemingly intransigent part of American society. It affects not only those who experience it directly, as a condition in their own lives, but also a broad spectrum of interests that deal with its effects. One such interest is owners and managers of public land, where homeless individuals commonly seek refuge, sometimes forming communities. Although their business may be transportation, natural resources management, recreation or some other public service, managers of public land are called upon to deal with this complex environmental, legal and human problem. This is a case study of the Baldock Restoration Project, in which a team of people from the travel, transportation, law enforcement and social services professions came together to help homeless individuals leave their long-standing community located in an Oregon highway rest area, thus restoring the rest area to its original function. This case study is part of a larger project to analyze ways in which transportation agencies address the challenge of homeless encampments on public right-of-way. A best practices guide of potential strategies and interventions for a variety of contexts will also be prepared. Title: A Case Study of the Baldock Restoration Project Author: Tremoulet, Andrée, Bassett, Ellen M. Year: 2012 Since the 1980s, homelessness has become an increasingly visible and seemingly intransigent part of American society. It affects not only those who experience it directly, as a condition in their own lives, but also a broad spectrum of interests that deal with its effects. One such interest is owners and managers of public land, where homeless individuals commonly seek refuge, sometimes forming communities. Although their business may be transportation, natural resources management, recreation or some other public service, managers of public land are called upon to deal with this complex environmental, legal and human problem. This is a case study of the Baldock Restoration Project, in which a team of people from the travel, transportation, law enforcement and social services professions came together to help homeless individuals leave their long-standing community located in an Oregon highway rest area, thus restoring the rest area to its original function. This case study is part of a larger project to analyze ways in which transportation agencies address the challenge of homeless encampments on public right-of-way. A best practices guide of potential strategies and interventions for a variety of contexts will also be prepared. Close

• 89. [Article] Woody Biomass Use Trends, Barriers, and Strategies: Perspectives of US Forest Service Managers

  The use of woody biomass is being promoted across the United States as a means of increasing energy independence, mitigating climate change, and reducing the cost of hazardous fuels reduction treatments ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Woody Biomass Use Trends, Barriers, and Strategies: Perspectives of US Forest Service Managers Author: Sundstrom, Shiloh, Nielsen-Pincus, Max, Moseley, Cassandra, McCaffery, Sarah Year: 2012 The use of woody biomass is being promoted across the United States as a means of increasing energy independence, mitigating climate change, and reducing the cost of hazardous fuels reduction treatments and forest restoration projects. The opportunities and challenges for woody biomass use on the national forest system are unique. In addition to making woody biomass usage pencil out, national forest managers must also navigate substantial public engagement and forest planning processes that add to the complexity of fostering woody biomass use opportunities on the national forest system. We report on the results of a survey of US Forest Service managers and staff members (n = 339) about the trends in, barriers to, and strategies for fostering woody biomass use on national forests and their surrounding communities. The results highlight the economic and market challenges as well as the need for a basket of policies focused on a broad array of strategies for biomass use. Title: Woody Biomass Use Trends, Barriers, and Strategies: Perspectives of US Forest Service Managers Author: Sundstrom, Shiloh, Nielsen-Pincus, Max, Moseley, Cassandra, McCaffery, Sarah Year: 2012 The use of woody biomass is being promoted across the United States as a means of increasing energy independence, mitigating climate change, and reducing the cost of hazardous fuels reduction treatments and forest restoration projects. The opportunities and challenges for woody biomass use on the national forest system are unique. In addition to making woody biomass usage pencil out, national forest managers must also navigate substantial public engagement and forest planning processes that add to the complexity of fostering woody biomass use opportunities on the national forest system. We report on the results of a survey of US Forest Service managers and staff members (n = 339) about the trends in, barriers to, and strategies for fostering woody biomass use on national forests and their surrounding communities. The results highlight the economic and market challenges as well as the need for a basket of policies focused on a broad array of strategies for biomass use. Close

• 90. [Article] Toward a new sustainable economy

  The current financial meltdown is the result of under-regulated markets built on an ideology of free market capitalism and unlimited economic growth. The fundamental problem is that the underlying assumptions ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Toward a new sustainable economy Author: Costanza, Robert Year: 2009 The current financial meltdown is the result of under-regulated markets built on an ideology of free market capitalism and unlimited economic growth. The fundamental problem is that the underlying assumptions of this ideology are not consistent with what we now know about the real state of the world. The financial world is, in essence, a set of markers for goods, services, and risks in the real world and when those markers are allowed to deviate too far from reality, ?adjustments? must ultimately follow and crisis and panic can ensue. To solve this and future financial crisis requires that we reconnect the markers with reality. What are our real assets and how valuable are they? To do this requires both a new vision of what the economy is and what it is for, proper and comprehensive accounting of real assets, and new institutions that use the market in its proper role of servant rather than master. Title: Toward a new sustainable economy Author: Costanza, Robert Year: 2009 The current financial meltdown is the result of under-regulated markets built on an ideology of free market capitalism and unlimited economic growth. The fundamental problem is that the underlying assumptions of this ideology are not consistent with what we now know about the real state of the world. The financial world is, in essence, a set of markers for goods, services, and risks in the real world and when those markers are allowed to deviate too far from reality, ?adjustments? must ultimately follow and crisis and panic can ensue. To solve this and future financial crisis requires that we reconnect the markers with reality. What are our real assets and how valuable are they? To do this requires both a new vision of what the economy is and what it is for, proper and comprehensive accounting of real assets, and new institutions that use the market in its proper role of servant rather than master. Close