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• 21. [Article] Policy Analysis for Optimizing Native Fisheries on the McKenzie River

  The impact of hatchery fish on native populations has been extensively studies, especially as environmental management has generally moved toward a conservation focus. In Oregon, the McKenzie River native ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Policy Analysis for Optimizing Native Fisheries on the McKenzie River Author: Ray, Mary Year: 2001 The impact of hatchery fish on native populations has been extensively studies, especially as environmental management has generally moved toward a conservation focus. In Oregon, the McKenzie River native rainbow trout population has been the focus of recent interest groups attempting to induce a change in management practices to support native fisheries. The McKenzie River Chapter of Trout Unlimited is interested in learning more about the impacts that hatchery stocked rainbow trout have on native river populations. It is the group's intent to seek a rule change to management by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. A review of the historical and scientific information regarding fish stocking was needed to provide information for Trout Unlimited to make informed recommendations to the managing agency. Examples of successful management changes for conservation of native fish were used as case studies to examine the implications of stocking cessation on the viability of trout populations in Oregon. This paper provides details on the background information needed to understand the case studies, their relation to the situation on the McKenzie, and how those outcomes may support recommendations for fisheries management on the McKenzie. It is the intent that these recommendations and supporting details may provide Trout Unlimited with the information needed to make a meaningful recommendation to the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife regarding the native rainbow trout fishery in the McKenzie. Title: Policy Analysis for Optimizing Native Fisheries on the McKenzie River Author: Ray, Mary Year: 2001 The impact of hatchery fish on native populations has been extensively studies, especially as environmental management has generally moved toward a conservation focus. In Oregon, the McKenzie River native rainbow trout population has been the focus of recent interest groups attempting to induce a change in management practices to support native fisheries. The McKenzie River Chapter of Trout Unlimited is interested in learning more about the impacts that hatchery stocked rainbow trout have on native river populations. It is the group's intent to seek a rule change to management by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. A review of the historical and scientific information regarding fish stocking was needed to provide information for Trout Unlimited to make informed recommendations to the managing agency. Examples of successful management changes for conservation of native fish were used as case studies to examine the implications of stocking cessation on the viability of trout populations in Oregon. This paper provides details on the background information needed to understand the case studies, their relation to the situation on the McKenzie, and how those outcomes may support recommendations for fisheries management on the McKenzie. It is the intent that these recommendations and supporting details may provide Trout Unlimited with the information needed to make a meaningful recommendation to the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife regarding the native rainbow trout fishery in the McKenzie. Close

• 22. [Article] Interactions in the Frequencies of Electric Organ Discharge by Eigenmannia Virescens (Sternopygidae, Pisces) During Social Behavior

  The extent to which individuals of Eigenmannia virescens modulate their electric organ discharge frequencies to accommodate the frequencies of others of the same species during social interactions was ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Interactions in the Frequencies of Electric Organ Discharge by Eigenmannia Virescens (Sternopygidae, Pisces) During Social Behavior Author: Gaddis, Philip Year: 1975 The extent to which individuals of Eigenmannia virescens modulate their electric organ discharge frequencies to accommodate the frequencies of others of the same species during social interactions was investigated. Recordings of the fish's discharge frequencies, taken with Tektronix 3L5 and 5L4N spectrum analyzers, showed that, although movements of up to 60 Hz in a day may be made, the frequency movements would be made more or less synchronously by all fish in the group. An apparent preference for, and a tendency of the fish to follow one another in frequency, at frequency ratios of 2:3 (a musical fifth), 3:4 (fourth), and even 4:5 (major third) was observed. The appearance of a circadian rhythm was also noticed. Title: Interactions in the Frequencies of Electric Organ Discharge by Eigenmannia Virescens (Sternopygidae, Pisces) During Social Behavior Author: Gaddis, Philip Year: 1975 The extent to which individuals of Eigenmannia virescens modulate their electric organ discharge frequencies to accommodate the frequencies of others of the same species during social interactions was investigated. Recordings of the fish's discharge frequencies, taken with Tektronix 3L5 and 5L4N spectrum analyzers, showed that, although movements of up to 60 Hz in a day may be made, the frequency movements would be made more or less synchronously by all fish in the group. An apparent preference for, and a tendency of the fish to follow one another in frequency, at frequency ratios of 2:3 (a musical fifth), 3:4 (fourth), and even 4:5 (major third) was observed. The appearance of a circadian rhythm was also noticed. Close

• 23. [Article] Temporary Environments

  This is a book chapter within Extremophile Fishes. This book summarizes the key adaptations enabling extremophile fishes to survive under harsh environmental conditions. It reviews the most recent research ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Temporary Environments Author: Polacik, Matej, Podrabsky, Jason E. Year: 2015 This is a book chapter within Extremophile Fishes. This book summarizes the key adaptations enabling extremophile fishes to survive under harsh environmental conditions. It reviews the most recent research on acidic, Antarctic, cave, desert, hypersaline, hypoxic, temporary, and fast-flowing habitats, as well as naturally and anthropogenically toxic waters, while pointing out generalities that are evident across different study systems. Knowledge of the different adaptations that allow fish to cope with stressful environmental conditions furthers our understanding of basic physiological, ecological, and evolutionary principles. In several cases, evidence is provided for how the adaptation to extreme environments promotes the emergence of new species. Furthermore, a link is made to conservation biology, and how human activities have exacerbated existing extreme environments and created new ones. The book concludes with a discussion of major open questions in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of life in extreme environments. Title: Temporary Environments Author: Polacik, Matej, Podrabsky, Jason E. Year: 2015 This is a book chapter within Extremophile Fishes. This book summarizes the key adaptations enabling extremophile fishes to survive under harsh environmental conditions. It reviews the most recent research on acidic, Antarctic, cave, desert, hypersaline, hypoxic, temporary, and fast-flowing habitats, as well as naturally and anthropogenically toxic waters, while pointing out generalities that are evident across different study systems. Knowledge of the different adaptations that allow fish to cope with stressful environmental conditions furthers our understanding of basic physiological, ecological, and evolutionary principles. In several cases, evidence is provided for how the adaptation to extreme environments promotes the emergence of new species. Furthermore, a link is made to conservation biology, and how human activities have exacerbated existing extreme environments and created new ones. The book concludes with a discussion of major open questions in our understanding of the ecology and evolution of life in extreme environments. Close

• 24. [Article] The fisheries of the Lower Columbia River, 1792 to 1850, based on EuroAmerican explorer and fur company accounts

  The role of fish in the Native American economy of the lower Columbia River has never been considered in detail. My study focused on the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades and the Willamette ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The fisheries of the Lower Columbia River, 1792 to 1850, based on EuroAmerican explorer and fur company accounts Author: Martin, Michael A. Year: 2006 The role of fish in the Native American economy of the lower Columbia River has never been considered in detail. My study focused on the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades and the Willamette River from its confluence with the Columbia to Willamette Falls. For this study I asked: How was salmon used? What other fish were important? Where and how were these fish taken and used? To address these questions, I evaluated historical documents, including explorer's accounts and the administrative records of fur companies dating from the late 1700's through the 1850's. I used fishery data, physical descriptions, migratory and spawning habits, and foraging patterns to identify fish in historic accounts. I annotated historic information and provided a synthesis of the historic fisheries. White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) dominated the trade. Chum (O.keta) and lamprey (Lampetra sp.) were available, although not traded in large numbers. White sturgeon, eulachon, fall chinook, chum and lamprey were smoke cured. Steel head (0. mykiss) , coho (O.kisutch), perch (Embiotocidae), and resident trout were traded in small numbers indicating that other fish were part of the economy. Sockeye. salmon (O.nerka) was not traded. f "~{.' Indians captured white sturgeon with: multiple hooks on set-lines and funnel nets to take white sturgeon during the winter; scoop nets and the eulachon rake took eulachon; spring and summer chinook were taken with hoop nets and platforms in the Cascades rapids and at Willamette Falls; gaffs were used to take chinook and sturgeon during the summer in Baker Bay; and hoop nets took fall chinook in streams. Seine nets were noted but not were not discussed except for the chinook fishery of Baker Bay. Historic information on fishes used and methods of capture contrasts with the archaeological record of the Portland Basin. Resident freshwater fish, minnows (Cyprinidae) and suckers (Catostomus sp.), are abundant in the archaeological faunal record, but are rarely mentioned in historic accounts. Artifacts such as net weights are common in archaeological contexts in contrast with the limited discussions in the historic record. Possible explanations for these discrepancies are reviewed. Title: The fisheries of the Lower Columbia River, 1792 to 1850, based on EuroAmerican explorer and fur company accounts Author: Martin, Michael A. Year: 2006 The role of fish in the Native American economy of the lower Columbia River has never been considered in detail. My study focused on the Columbia River from its mouth to the Cascades and the Willamette River from its confluence with the Columbia to Willamette Falls. For this study I asked: How was salmon used? What other fish were important? Where and how were these fish taken and used? To address these questions, I evaluated historical documents, including explorer's accounts and the administrative records of fur companies dating from the late 1700's through the 1850's. I used fishery data, physical descriptions, migratory and spawning habits, and foraging patterns to identify fish in historic accounts. I annotated historic information and provided a synthesis of the historic fisheries. White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus), eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) dominated the trade. Chum (O.keta) and lamprey (Lampetra sp.) were available, although not traded in large numbers. White sturgeon, eulachon, fall chinook, chum and lamprey were smoke cured. Steel head (0. mykiss) , coho (O.kisutch), perch (Embiotocidae), and resident trout were traded in small numbers indicating that other fish were part of the economy. Sockeye. salmon (O.nerka) was not traded. f "~{.' Indians captured white sturgeon with: multiple hooks on set-lines and funnel nets to take white sturgeon during the winter; scoop nets and the eulachon rake took eulachon; spring and summer chinook were taken with hoop nets and platforms in the Cascades rapids and at Willamette Falls; gaffs were used to take chinook and sturgeon during the summer in Baker Bay; and hoop nets took fall chinook in streams. Seine nets were noted but not were not discussed except for the chinook fishery of Baker Bay. Historic information on fishes used and methods of capture contrasts with the archaeological record of the Portland Basin. Resident freshwater fish, minnows (Cyprinidae) and suckers (Catostomus sp.), are abundant in the archaeological faunal record, but are rarely mentioned in historic accounts. Artifacts such as net weights are common in archaeological contexts in contrast with the limited discussions in the historic record. Possible explanations for these discrepancies are reviewed. Close

• 25. [Article] Phenotypic Variation in the Model Organism, Danio Rerio

  Model organisms are used to study evolutionary conserved traits. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are used a model organism because of their highly fecundity, external fertilization, and robust nature, making them ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Phenotypic Variation in the Model Organism, Danio Rerio Author: Champaigne, Rachel D, Brown, Kim H. Year: 2014 Model organisms are used to study evolutionary conserved traits. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are used a model organism because of their highly fecundity, external fertilization, and robust nature, making them highly adaptable to environmental and genetic variation. In an effort to limit data variation that lies outside of topic interest, phenotypic measures of variation must be performed, understood, and taken into consideration for future studies. A common measurement of phenotypic variation in fish is in the maximum (Ucrit) swimming speeds. Inter and intra-strain variation in zebrafish Ucrit swimming speeds will be observed in a swim tunnel. Baseline values will be recorded from ten fish from each of two families in each of three strains: WIK, Tubigan and AB. Environmental variation in zebrafish raised (beginning at one month of age) in tanks with various volumes and densities of fish will also be recorded from each strain. Mitochondrial density in white muscle will be compared in each strain in each condition. Diet, take salinity, pH, temperature, and light exposure will all remain constant for all fish. Title: Phenotypic Variation in the Model Organism, Danio Rerio Author: Champaigne, Rachel D, Brown, Kim H. Year: 2014 Model organisms are used to study evolutionary conserved traits. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are used a model organism because of their highly fecundity, external fertilization, and robust nature, making them highly adaptable to environmental and genetic variation. In an effort to limit data variation that lies outside of topic interest, phenotypic measures of variation must be performed, understood, and taken into consideration for future studies. A common measurement of phenotypic variation in fish is in the maximum (Ucrit) swimming speeds. Inter and intra-strain variation in zebrafish Ucrit swimming speeds will be observed in a swim tunnel. Baseline values will be recorded from ten fish from each of two families in each of three strains: WIK, Tubigan and AB. Environmental variation in zebrafish raised (beginning at one month of age) in tanks with various volumes and densities of fish will also be recorded from each strain. Mitochondrial density in white muscle will be compared in each strain in each condition. Diet, take salinity, pH, temperature, and light exposure will all remain constant for all fish. Close

• 26. [Article] The effect of cold acclimation on the temperature preference of the goldfish, Carassius auratus, and the brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus

  Two species of fish, Carassius auratus and Ictalurus nebulosus, were subjected to cold acclimation regimes. Acclimation temperatures were slowly lowered to 3°c, then held for a period of time. At various ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effect of cold acclimation on the temperature preference of the goldfish, Carassius auratus, and the brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus Author: Lord, Alfred Year: 1987 Two species of fish, Carassius auratus and Ictalurus nebulosus, were subjected to cold acclimation regimes. Acclimation temperatures were slowly lowered to 3°c, then held for a period of time. At various times during this regime, fish were taken out and allowed to spend time in a temperature gradient to determine their preferred temperatures. Carassius were left in the gradient just long enough to determine a measure of the acute temperature preference, while Ictalurus were left in the temperature gradient for longer periods of time to observe any changes that might occur as the fish adjusted to selected temperatures. In both species of fish, lower acclimation temperatures and increased time spent at low temperatures caused a preference for lower temperatures in the gradient. Title: The effect of cold acclimation on the temperature preference of the goldfish, Carassius auratus, and the brown bullhead, Ictalurus nebulosus Author: Lord, Alfred Year: 1987 Two species of fish, Carassius auratus and Ictalurus nebulosus, were subjected to cold acclimation regimes. Acclimation temperatures were slowly lowered to 3°c, then held for a period of time. At various times during this regime, fish were taken out and allowed to spend time in a temperature gradient to determine their preferred temperatures. Carassius were left in the gradient just long enough to determine a measure of the acute temperature preference, while Ictalurus were left in the temperature gradient for longer periods of time to observe any changes that might occur as the fish adjusted to selected temperatures. In both species of fish, lower acclimation temperatures and increased time spent at low temperatures caused a preference for lower temperatures in the gradient. Close

• 27. [Article] StreamNet: an integrated information system serving fisheries scientists and managers in the Columbia River Basin - or - is innovation possible when differing traditions collide?

  StreamNet is a project which brings together fisheries information collected by state agencies, federal agencies, and Indian tribes in a system of interconnected sets of data about anadromous fish in the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: StreamNet: an integrated information system serving fisheries scientists and managers in the Columbia River Basin - or - is innovation possible when differing traditions collide? Author: Siegel, Gretta E. Year: 1996 StreamNet is a project which brings together fisheries information collected by state agencies, federal agencies, and Indian tribes in a system of interconnected sets of data about anadromous fish in the Columbia River Basin. The data are used to observe trends in stock abundance escapement, hatchery production, etc. Each data point is linked to corresponding literature which can be searched separately in a references database. Plans are in progress to make this system available via the Internet. Data entry for the reference module is done via Microsoft Access. The application has been designed to include features of both a catalog and an index, and, through creative programming, has been successful in serving the project as both. Documents are housed in the library at the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. StreamNet is a cooperative project of the tribes, the state fisheries agencies of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Montana federal fisheries agencies, and the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. The project is funded by the Bonneville Power Administration. Title: StreamNet: an integrated information system serving fisheries scientists and managers in the Columbia River Basin - or - is innovation possible when differing traditions collide? Author: Siegel, Gretta E. Year: 1996 StreamNet is a project which brings together fisheries information collected by state agencies, federal agencies, and Indian tribes in a system of interconnected sets of data about anadromous fish in the Columbia River Basin. The data are used to observe trends in stock abundance escapement, hatchery production, etc. Each data point is linked to corresponding literature which can be searched separately in a references database. Plans are in progress to make this system available via the Internet. Data entry for the reference module is done via Microsoft Access. The application has been designed to include features of both a catalog and an index, and, through creative programming, has been successful in serving the project as both. Documents are housed in the library at the Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission. StreamNet is a cooperative project of the tribes, the state fisheries agencies of Idaho, Oregon, Washington, and Montana federal fisheries agencies, and the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. The project is funded by the Bonneville Power Administration. Close

• 28. [Article] Punched in the Face: Collected Essays and Reportage

  This is a diverse collection of narrative nonfiction, which includes personal essays, reportage, nature writing, and short columns. Its major themes include boxing and fly-fishing. Many of the pieces are ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Punched in the Face: Collected Essays and Reportage Author: Pindyck, Eben Year: 2014 This is a diverse collection of narrative nonfiction, which includes personal essays, reportage, nature writing, and short columns. Its major themes include boxing and fly-fishing. Many of the pieces are set in and around the state of Oregon. Title: Punched in the Face: Collected Essays and Reportage Author: Pindyck, Eben Year: 2014 This is a diverse collection of narrative nonfiction, which includes personal essays, reportage, nature writing, and short columns. Its major themes include boxing and fly-fishing. Many of the pieces are set in and around the state of Oregon. Close

• 29. [Article] The Dog & Pony Show (AKA Demonstrating the Value of Your Library)

  Are you interested in thinking about new ways to get people to experience the value and impact of your library? Hear how Eugene Public Library used technology to promote its value to City staff. We taught ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Dog & Pony Show (AKA Demonstrating the Value of Your Library) Author: Vik, Lorie Year: 2013 Are you interested in thinking about new ways to get people to experience the value and impact of your library? Hear how Eugene Public Library used technology to promote its value to City staff. We taught them to fish, and we offered to fish. We were not surprised to find out that people like it when you save them time and money. Hear what we did and how we did it. Title: The Dog & Pony Show (AKA Demonstrating the Value of Your Library) Author: Vik, Lorie Year: 2013 Are you interested in thinking about new ways to get people to experience the value and impact of your library? Hear how Eugene Public Library used technology to promote its value to City staff. We taught them to fish, and we offered to fish. We were not surprised to find out that people like it when you save them time and money. Hear what we did and how we did it. Close

• 30. [Article] Rapid Change in Shallow Water Fish Species Composition in an Historically Stable Antarctic Environment

  McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, is home to a unique marine biota with an ecology that has evolved in this frigid environment over millions of years. The region is one of the least disturbed, and possibly the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Rapid Change in Shallow Water Fish Species Composition in an Historically Stable Antarctic Environment Author: Buckley, Bradley A. Year: 2013 McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, is home to a unique marine biota with an ecology that has evolved in this frigid environment over millions of years. The region is one of the least disturbed, and possibly the last pristine, marine ecosystem on Earth. Here, the results of three seasons of fishing in the shallow nearshore waters of McMurdo Sound are reported. A shift in the composition of small fish species at one site, Inaccessible Island, has been observed in just five years. The shift in shallow water species composition occurred during a period that followed the maturation of a commercial fishery for the Antarctic toothfish, Dissostichus mawsoni Norman, a predator of smaller fish, and the presence of a large iceberg, termed B-15, at the mouth of McMurdo Sound during the early 2000s that trapped the annual sea ice in the area leading to the unusual accrual of multi-year sea ice. The data presented here provide a current record of species composition and physiological condition of small, shallow water fishes at three sites in McMurdo Sound, providing a current baseline for the assessment of future changes wrought by environmental changes and unprecedented fishery pressures in the Ross Sea. Title: Rapid Change in Shallow Water Fish Species Composition in an Historically Stable Antarctic Environment Author: Buckley, Bradley A. Year: 2013 McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, is home to a unique marine biota with an ecology that has evolved in this frigid environment over millions of years. The region is one of the least disturbed, and possibly the last pristine, marine ecosystem on Earth. Here, the results of three seasons of fishing in the shallow nearshore waters of McMurdo Sound are reported. A shift in the composition of small fish species at one site, Inaccessible Island, has been observed in just five years. The shift in shallow water species composition occurred during a period that followed the maturation of a commercial fishery for the Antarctic toothfish, Dissostichus mawsoni Norman, a predator of smaller fish, and the presence of a large iceberg, termed B-15, at the mouth of McMurdo Sound during the early 2000s that trapped the annual sea ice in the area leading to the unusual accrual of multi-year sea ice. The data presented here provide a current record of species composition and physiological condition of small, shallow water fishes at three sites in McMurdo Sound, providing a current baseline for the assessment of future changes wrought by environmental changes and unprecedented fishery pressures in the Ross Sea. Close