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• 11. [Article] The effect of plant growth regulators on the growth of Closterium moniliferum

  Physiologic responses to Gibberellic Acid (GA), I-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and Abscisic Acid (ABA). suggest that Oosterium monilfferum has the ability to utilize these plant ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effect of plant growth regulators on the growth of Closterium moniliferum Author: Christensen, Cynthia Lehua Warnock Year: 1990 Physiologic responses to Gibberellic Acid (GA), I-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and Abscisic Acid (ABA). suggest that Oosterium monilfferum has the ability to utilize these plant growth factors. The growth promoters NAA and GA both increased growth when added to the media. The cell division regulator BAP (a synthetic cytokinin). also had a promotive effect on growth. Abscisic acid was found to be inhibitive to growth. Title: The effect of plant growth regulators on the growth of Closterium moniliferum Author: Christensen, Cynthia Lehua Warnock Year: 1990 Physiologic responses to Gibberellic Acid (GA), I-Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA), Benzylaminopurine (BAP), and Abscisic Acid (ABA). suggest that Oosterium monilfferum has the ability to utilize these plant growth factors. The growth promoters NAA and GA both increased growth when added to the media. The cell division regulator BAP (a synthetic cytokinin). also had a promotive effect on growth. Abscisic acid was found to be inhibitive to growth. Close

• 12. [Article] An Analysis of the Effect of State Regulation of Commercial Income Tax Preparers on the Quality of Income Tax Returns

  Occupational regulation of many professions has grown in magnitude and complexity in the past fifty years. Statutes relating to occupational regulation are often implemented by state legislatures without ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Analysis of the Effect of State Regulation of Commercial Income Tax Preparers on the Quality of Income Tax Returns Author: Sumner, Jeanie Grace Year: 1989 Occupational regulation of many professions has grown in magnitude and complexity in the past fifty years. Statutes relating to occupational regulation are often implemented by state legislatures without sufficient quantitative analysis. Prior studies have analyzed the need for regulation to protect consumers. Some research has been published which addresses the differences in the quality of services offered by regulated and unregulated professions. Due to lack of data, the effect of state regulation on commercial income tax preparers has not been quantified. Recently data from the 1979 cycle of the Taxpayer Compliance Measurement Program (TCMP) has been made available by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). These data provided the opportunity for analysis relating to questions of quality of services offered by commercial income tax preparers. The analysis evaluated differences in error rates or amounts between returns prepared in a highly regulated state--Oregon, a state with minimum regulation--California, and the remaining forty-eight unregulated states. Items were chosen from the tax returns to evaluate the integrity and competency of the tax preparer, the effect of continuing education, and the accumulated effect of the totals of income, adjustments, and deductions. Descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and non-parametric methods were used to test the hypotheses. Descriptive measures indicated that Oregon's error rates were among the lowest while California's errors were among the highest in the country. Cluster analysis grouped Oregon with states in the midwest while California grouped with other states in the sunbelt. The non-parametric tests indicated that Oregon's error rates and amounts were statistically smaller than the unregulated states. When Oregon was compared to the clustered states or to other states in the Northwest, the differences were not significant. When the samples from California were compared to those from the unregulated states, it was evident that the error rates were substantially higher in California. When California's errors were considered relative to the states from the sunbelt, the results were similar. The final comparison was made relative to levels of regulation. The errors on the returns from California were significantly larger than those from Oregon in all areas tested. Title: An Analysis of the Effect of State Regulation of Commercial Income Tax Preparers on the Quality of Income Tax Returns Author: Sumner, Jeanie Grace Year: 1989 Occupational regulation of many professions has grown in magnitude and complexity in the past fifty years. Statutes relating to occupational regulation are often implemented by state legislatures without sufficient quantitative analysis. Prior studies have analyzed the need for regulation to protect consumers. Some research has been published which addresses the differences in the quality of services offered by regulated and unregulated professions. Due to lack of data, the effect of state regulation on commercial income tax preparers has not been quantified. Recently data from the 1979 cycle of the Taxpayer Compliance Measurement Program (TCMP) has been made available by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). These data provided the opportunity for analysis relating to questions of quality of services offered by commercial income tax preparers. The analysis evaluated differences in error rates or amounts between returns prepared in a highly regulated state--Oregon, a state with minimum regulation--California, and the remaining forty-eight unregulated states. Items were chosen from the tax returns to evaluate the integrity and competency of the tax preparer, the effect of continuing education, and the accumulated effect of the totals of income, adjustments, and deductions. Descriptive statistics, cluster analysis, and non-parametric methods were used to test the hypotheses. Descriptive measures indicated that Oregon's error rates were among the lowest while California's errors were among the highest in the country. Cluster analysis grouped Oregon with states in the midwest while California grouped with other states in the sunbelt. The non-parametric tests indicated that Oregon's error rates and amounts were statistically smaller than the unregulated states. When Oregon was compared to the clustered states or to other states in the Northwest, the differences were not significant. When the samples from California were compared to those from the unregulated states, it was evident that the error rates were substantially higher in California. When California's errors were considered relative to the states from the sunbelt, the results were similar. The final comparison was made relative to levels of regulation. The errors on the returns from California were significantly larger than those from Oregon in all areas tested. Close

• 13. [Article] Molecular interaction between nitric oxide and ryanodine receptors of skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum

  In striated muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is the major storage compartment of intracellular Ca2+ that controls cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai) and developed force by sequestering and releasing Ca2+ ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Molecular interaction between nitric oxide and ryanodine receptors of skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Author: Salama, Guy, Menshikova, Elizaveta V., Abramson, Jonathan J. Year: 2000 In striated muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is the major storage compartment of intracellular Ca2+ that controls cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai) and developed force by sequestering and releasing Ca2+ during each contraction. Ca2+ release from the SR occurs through high-conductance Ca2+ release channels or ryanodine receptors (RyR), which are regulated by various signaling processes. Over the last 15 years, there has been a growing consensus that critical sulfhydryl sites on RyRs can be oxidized and reduced, respectively, to open and close the release channels. The pharmacological actions of various classes of sulfhydryl reagents have demonstrated the existence of hyperreactive thiols on RyRs, which could play a role in the regulation of normal contractile function and explain contractile dysfunctions in pathological conditions. More recent studies show that redox regulation of release channels may occur by nitric oxide (NO), a physiological signaling mechanism. This article is intended to review current concepts in thiol regulation of RyRs and present new data on the possible identification of the primary cysteine residues, which may be the site of oxidation and S-nitrosylation involved in channel opening. Title: Molecular interaction between nitric oxide and ryanodine receptors of skeletal and cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Author: Salama, Guy, Menshikova, Elizaveta V., Abramson, Jonathan J. Year: 2000 In striated muscle, the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is the major storage compartment of intracellular Ca2+ that controls cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai) and developed force by sequestering and releasing Ca2+ during each contraction. Ca2+ release from the SR occurs through high-conductance Ca2+ release channels or ryanodine receptors (RyR), which are regulated by various signaling processes. Over the last 15 years, there has been a growing consensus that critical sulfhydryl sites on RyRs can be oxidized and reduced, respectively, to open and close the release channels. The pharmacological actions of various classes of sulfhydryl reagents have demonstrated the existence of hyperreactive thiols on RyRs, which could play a role in the regulation of normal contractile function and explain contractile dysfunctions in pathological conditions. More recent studies show that redox regulation of release channels may occur by nitric oxide (NO), a physiological signaling mechanism. This article is intended to review current concepts in thiol regulation of RyRs and present new data on the possible identification of the primary cysteine residues, which may be the site of oxidation and S-nitrosylation involved in channel opening. Close

• 14. [Article] Drone Technology and Applications

  Drones, also named as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are becoming increasingly popular around the world. The objective of this paper is to understand different type of drones and its applications. This ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Drone Technology and Applications Author: Cheng, Juchun, Khorasanizadeh, Shahram, Sathappan, Sivagamasundari, Chokshi, Vidhi Year: 2017 Drones, also named as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are becoming increasingly popular around the world. The objective of this paper is to understand different type of drones and its applications. This paper focuses mainly in agricultural, transport and aerial photography sector. It explores the UAV market, challenges and future opportunities in these three sectors. Regulations play an important role in the growth of UAV. Therefore, Regulations are also explored in this paper. Title: Drone Technology and Applications Author: Cheng, Juchun, Khorasanizadeh, Shahram, Sathappan, Sivagamasundari, Chokshi, Vidhi Year: 2017 Drones, also named as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are becoming increasingly popular around the world. The objective of this paper is to understand different type of drones and its applications. This paper focuses mainly in agricultural, transport and aerial photography sector. It explores the UAV market, challenges and future opportunities in these three sectors. Regulations play an important role in the growth of UAV. Therefore, Regulations are also explored in this paper. Close

• 15. [Article] Impacts of Low-Speed Vehicles on Transportation Infrastructure and Safety

  There are increasing numbers of low-speed electric vehicles (LSVs) on public roadways. These vehicles are designed to be used within protected environments and on roadways with a maximum posted speed of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impacts of Low-Speed Vehicles on Transportation Infrastructure and Safety Author: Hunter-Zaworski, Katharine M., Cornell, Linda Year: 2010 There are increasing numbers of low-speed electric vehicles (LSVs) on public roadways. These vehicles are designed to be used within protected environments and on roadways with a maximum posted speed of 25 mph. Currently these vehicles are not subject to the same federal requirements for occupant protection as passenger cars. This research project investigated safety standards, operating regulations, and LSV manufacturer materials from sources around the world. The purpose of the research was to determine positive and negative impacts that LSVs, including Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs) and Medium Speed Electric Vehicles (MSEVs), are likely to have for the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) and Oregon communities, and whether adjustments in current state regulations are needed to ensure that LSVs do not negatively impact road safety and traffic operations, or expose the LSV operators to undue risk. The U.S. and Canadian federal motor vehicle safety agencies have harmonized their regulations and stipulated the maximum operating speed of these vehicles, however state and local roadway authorities have regulated the maximum speed of roadways and intersection characteristics on which these vehicles can operate. The significant recommendations of this research are: (i)The State of Oregon regulations for LSVs should be amended such that LSVs are limited to public roadways with a maximum operating speed of 25 mph, and they are restricted to crossing higher speed roadways at four-way Stop or traffic controlled intersections, (ii) local transportation authorities should develop parallel or secondary low-speed transportation networks that connect residential neighborhoods with major activity centers Title: Impacts of Low-Speed Vehicles on Transportation Infrastructure and Safety Author: Hunter-Zaworski, Katharine M., Cornell, Linda Year: 2010 There are increasing numbers of low-speed electric vehicles (LSVs) on public roadways. These vehicles are designed to be used within protected environments and on roadways with a maximum posted speed of 25 mph. Currently these vehicles are not subject to the same federal requirements for occupant protection as passenger cars. This research project investigated safety standards, operating regulations, and LSV manufacturer materials from sources around the world. The purpose of the research was to determine positive and negative impacts that LSVs, including Neighborhood Electric Vehicles (NEVs) and Medium Speed Electric Vehicles (MSEVs), are likely to have for the Oregon Department of Transportation (ODOT) and Oregon communities, and whether adjustments in current state regulations are needed to ensure that LSVs do not negatively impact road safety and traffic operations, or expose the LSV operators to undue risk. The U.S. and Canadian federal motor vehicle safety agencies have harmonized their regulations and stipulated the maximum operating speed of these vehicles, however state and local roadway authorities have regulated the maximum speed of roadways and intersection characteristics on which these vehicles can operate. The significant recommendations of this research are: (i)The State of Oregon regulations for LSVs should be amended such that LSVs are limited to public roadways with a maximum operating speed of 25 mph, and they are restricted to crossing higher speed roadways at four-way Stop or traffic controlled intersections, (ii) local transportation authorities should develop parallel or secondary low-speed transportation networks that connect residential neighborhoods with major activity centers Close

• 16. [Article] Robustness of a model microbial community emerges from population structure among single cells of a clonal population

  Microbial populations can withstand, overcome and persist in the face of environmental fluctuation. Previously, we demonstrated how conditional gene regulation in a fluctuating environment drives dilution ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Robustness of a model microbial community emerges from population structure among single cells of a clonal population Author: Thompson, Anne W., Turkarslan, Serdar, Arens, Christina E., de Lomana, Adrian Lopez Garcia, Raman, Arjun V., Stahl, David A., Baliga, Nitin S. Year: 2017 Microbial populations can withstand, overcome and persist in the face of environmental fluctuation. Previously, we demonstrated how conditional gene regulation in a fluctuating environment drives dilution of condition-specific transcripts, causing a population of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) to collapse after repeatedly transitioning from sulfate respiration to syntrophic conditions with the methanogen Methanococcus maripaludis. Failure of the DvH to successfully transition contributed to the collapse of this model community. We investigated the mechanistic basis for loss of robustness by examining whether conditional gene regulation altered heterogeneity in gene expression across individual DvH cells. We discovered that robustness of a microbial population across environmental transitions was attributable to the retention of cells in two states that exhibited different condition-specific gene expression patterns. In our experiments, a population with disrupted conditional regulation successfully alternated between cell states. Meanwhile, a population with intact conditional regulation successfully switched between cell states initially, but collapsed after repeated transitions, possibly due to the high energy requirements of regulation. These results demonstrate that the survival of this entire model microbial community is dependent on the regulatory system's influence on the distribution of distinct cell states among individual cells within a clonal population. Title: Robustness of a model microbial community emerges from population structure among single cells of a clonal population Author: Thompson, Anne W., Turkarslan, Serdar, Arens, Christina E., de Lomana, Adrian Lopez Garcia, Raman, Arjun V., Stahl, David A., Baliga, Nitin S. Year: 2017 Microbial populations can withstand, overcome and persist in the face of environmental fluctuation. Previously, we demonstrated how conditional gene regulation in a fluctuating environment drives dilution of condition-specific transcripts, causing a population of Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (DvH) to collapse after repeatedly transitioning from sulfate respiration to syntrophic conditions with the methanogen Methanococcus maripaludis. Failure of the DvH to successfully transition contributed to the collapse of this model community. We investigated the mechanistic basis for loss of robustness by examining whether conditional gene regulation altered heterogeneity in gene expression across individual DvH cells. We discovered that robustness of a microbial population across environmental transitions was attributable to the retention of cells in two states that exhibited different condition-specific gene expression patterns. In our experiments, a population with disrupted conditional regulation successfully alternated between cell states. Meanwhile, a population with intact conditional regulation successfully switched between cell states initially, but collapsed after repeated transitions, possibly due to the high energy requirements of regulation. These results demonstrate that the survival of this entire model microbial community is dependent on the regulatory system's influence on the distribution of distinct cell states among individual cells within a clonal population. Close

• 17. [Article] Urban Livestock Ownership, Management, and Regulation in the United States: An Exploratory Survey and Research Agenda

  As interest in urban agriculture sweeps the country, municipalities are struggling to update, code to meet public demands. The proliferation of urban livestock—especially chickens, rabbits, bees, and goats—has ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Urban Livestock Ownership, Management, and Regulation in the United States: An Exploratory Survey and Research Agenda Author: McClintock, Nathan, Pallana, Esperanza, Wooten, Heather Year: 2014 As interest in urban agriculture sweeps the country, municipalities are struggling to update, code to meet public demands. The proliferation of urban livestock—especially chickens, rabbits, bees, and goats—has posed particular regulatory challenges. Scant planning scholarship on urban livestock focuses mostly on how cities regulate animals, but few studies attempt to characterize urban livestock, ownership and management practices in the US in relation to these regulations. Our study addresses this gap. Using a web-based survey distributed via a snowball technique, we received responses from 134 livestock owners in 48 US cities, revealing the following: why they keep livestock; what kind of, livestock they keep and how many; the proximity of their livestock to property lines and dwellings; the extent to which they raise animals for meat; how they manage waste and other possible nuisances or public health risks; and their interest in exchanging animal products through sale and barter. We also examine whether such practices conform to the regulatory context. Results suggest that urban livestock ownership is more akin to pet ownership and should therefore not be restricted under planning codes as if it were a commercial-scale agricultural activity. Given the diversity of livestock ownership practices and lot sizes, we recommend that planners consider the following when developing urban livestock codes: (1) more appropriate setbacks and animal limits per lot; (2), promotion of high standards for animal welfare; (3) addressing sales and slaughter; and (4), making regulations more visible to the public. We, conclude by laying out an agenda for future research on urban livestock regulation and management. Title: Urban Livestock Ownership, Management, and Regulation in the United States: An Exploratory Survey and Research Agenda Author: McClintock, Nathan, Pallana, Esperanza, Wooten, Heather Year: 2014 As interest in urban agriculture sweeps the country, municipalities are struggling to update, code to meet public demands. The proliferation of urban livestock—especially chickens, rabbits, bees, and goats—has posed particular regulatory challenges. Scant planning scholarship on urban livestock focuses mostly on how cities regulate animals, but few studies attempt to characterize urban livestock, ownership and management practices in the US in relation to these regulations. Our study addresses this gap. Using a web-based survey distributed via a snowball technique, we received responses from 134 livestock owners in 48 US cities, revealing the following: why they keep livestock; what kind of, livestock they keep and how many; the proximity of their livestock to property lines and dwellings; the extent to which they raise animals for meat; how they manage waste and other possible nuisances or public health risks; and their interest in exchanging animal products through sale and barter. We also examine whether such practices conform to the regulatory context. Results suggest that urban livestock ownership is more akin to pet ownership and should therefore not be restricted under planning codes as if it were a commercial-scale agricultural activity. Given the diversity of livestock ownership practices and lot sizes, we recommend that planners consider the following when developing urban livestock codes: (1) more appropriate setbacks and animal limits per lot; (2), promotion of high standards for animal welfare; (3) addressing sales and slaughter; and (4), making regulations more visible to the public. We, conclude by laying out an agenda for future research on urban livestock regulation and management. Close

• 18. [Article] Emotion Regulation and Strain in Corrections Officers: Examining the Role of Recovery Experiences and Coping Mechanisms

  Research has begun to identify recovery experiences during nonwork time as an important mechanism explaining the relationship between job characteristics and strain (Geurts & Sonnentag, 2006; Kinnunen, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Emotion Regulation and Strain in Corrections Officers: Examining the Role of Recovery Experiences and Coping Mechanisms Author: Guros, Frankie Year: 2013 Research has begun to identify recovery experiences during nonwork time as an important mechanism explaining the relationship between job characteristics and strain (Geurts & Sonnentag, 2006; Kinnunen, Feldt, Siltaloppi, Sonnentag, 2011). Corrections officers face challenges unique to their occupation (Armstrong & Griffin, 2004) that may contribute to the high levels of strain that currently characterize their occupation (i.e., short life expectancy, high suicide rates; Spinaris & Denhof, 2011; Stack & Tsoudis, 1997). Though previous research has not examined emotion regulation, recovery experiences, and coping within corrections officers, these constructs may be of particular importance to an occupation that requires employees to navigate the complex demands of managing an incarcerated population of individuals. Emotion regulation - managing one's emotions - is an important aspect of many jobs, and has been linked with employee strain, such as burnout, psychological strain, and psychosomatic complaints (Hülshege & Schewe, 2011). However, research only begun to assess nonwork recovery and its relationship with emotion regulation strategies at work, and additionally the influence of individual coping strategies has not been considered in past studies. I offered that recovery experiences (i.e., psychological detachment, relaxation, and mastery) mediated the relationship between emotion regulation at work (i.e., reappraisal and suppression) and strain (i.e., disengagement, emotional exhaustion, and psychological distress). I further offered, based on the matching hypothesis (de Jonge & Dormann, 2006), that emotion-focused coping strategies (i.e., emotional social support and venting emotions) moderated the relationships between emotion regulation, recovery experiences, and strain. To examine these hypotheses, data were collected via a survey of corrections officers in Oregon (N = 1317). Results indicated that emotion regulation at work was associated with strain, and this relationship was partially mediated by recovery experiences. The results further suggested that the coping strategies examined in this study did not appear to moderate relationships between the study variables. These findings are discussed in the context of the present sample, and implications for future research are considered. Title: Emotion Regulation and Strain in Corrections Officers: Examining the Role of Recovery Experiences and Coping Mechanisms Author: Guros, Frankie Year: 2013 Research has begun to identify recovery experiences during nonwork time as an important mechanism explaining the relationship between job characteristics and strain (Geurts & Sonnentag, 2006; Kinnunen, Feldt, Siltaloppi, Sonnentag, 2011). Corrections officers face challenges unique to their occupation (Armstrong & Griffin, 2004) that may contribute to the high levels of strain that currently characterize their occupation (i.e., short life expectancy, high suicide rates; Spinaris & Denhof, 2011; Stack & Tsoudis, 1997). Though previous research has not examined emotion regulation, recovery experiences, and coping within corrections officers, these constructs may be of particular importance to an occupation that requires employees to navigate the complex demands of managing an incarcerated population of individuals. Emotion regulation - managing one's emotions - is an important aspect of many jobs, and has been linked with employee strain, such as burnout, psychological strain, and psychosomatic complaints (Hülshege & Schewe, 2011). However, research only begun to assess nonwork recovery and its relationship with emotion regulation strategies at work, and additionally the influence of individual coping strategies has not been considered in past studies. I offered that recovery experiences (i.e., psychological detachment, relaxation, and mastery) mediated the relationship between emotion regulation at work (i.e., reappraisal and suppression) and strain (i.e., disengagement, emotional exhaustion, and psychological distress). I further offered, based on the matching hypothesis (de Jonge & Dormann, 2006), that emotion-focused coping strategies (i.e., emotional social support and venting emotions) moderated the relationships between emotion regulation, recovery experiences, and strain. To examine these hypotheses, data were collected via a survey of corrections officers in Oregon (N = 1317). Results indicated that emotion regulation at work was associated with strain, and this relationship was partially mediated by recovery experiences. The results further suggested that the coping strategies examined in this study did not appear to moderate relationships between the study variables. These findings are discussed in the context of the present sample, and implications for future research are considered. Close

• 19. [Article] Calcium Transport Inhibition, Stimulation, and Light Dependent Modulation of the Skeletal Calcium Release Channel (RyR1) by the Prototropic Forms of Pelargonidin

  The principle calcium regulator in the muscle cell is the calcium ion release channel (RyR). Improper calcium homeostasis in the muscle cell is the foundation of many pathological states and has been targeted ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Calcium Transport Inhibition, Stimulation, and Light Dependent Modulation of the Skeletal Calcium Release Channel (RyR1) by the Prototropic Forms of Pelargonidin Author: Dornan, Thomas Joseph Year: 2014 The principle calcium regulator in the muscle cell is the calcium ion release channel (RyR). Improper calcium homeostasis in the muscle cell is the foundation of many pathological states and has been targeted as a contributing factor to ventricular tachycardia, which is known to precede sudden cardiac arrest. Numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds can affect the way RyR regulates calcium. In this study the anthocyanidin Pelargonidin (Pg), an important natural colorant and dietary antioxidant, is evaluated for its effect on regulating the transport of calcium through the RyR1 of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Pelargonidin undergoes time dependent structural changes in aqueous solutions at physiological pH and a mixture of up to seven forms of Pelargonidin are present in solution simultaneously. Pelargonidin is a unique RyR1 modulator. It can both stimulate and inhibit the RyR1 depending on the experimental conditions. In addition, when Pelargonidin is irradiated with white light, its inhibition properties on the RyR1 are essentially nullified. Proposed mechanisms include excited state charge shift within RyR1-Pg complexes. Title: Calcium Transport Inhibition, Stimulation, and Light Dependent Modulation of the Skeletal Calcium Release Channel (RyR1) by the Prototropic Forms of Pelargonidin Author: Dornan, Thomas Joseph Year: 2014 The principle calcium regulator in the muscle cell is the calcium ion release channel (RyR). Improper calcium homeostasis in the muscle cell is the foundation of many pathological states and has been targeted as a contributing factor to ventricular tachycardia, which is known to precede sudden cardiac arrest. Numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds can affect the way RyR regulates calcium. In this study the anthocyanidin Pelargonidin (Pg), an important natural colorant and dietary antioxidant, is evaluated for its effect on regulating the transport of calcium through the RyR1 of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Pelargonidin undergoes time dependent structural changes in aqueous solutions at physiological pH and a mixture of up to seven forms of Pelargonidin are present in solution simultaneously. Pelargonidin is a unique RyR1 modulator. It can both stimulate and inhibit the RyR1 depending on the experimental conditions. In addition, when Pelargonidin is irradiated with white light, its inhibition properties on the RyR1 are essentially nullified. Proposed mechanisms include excited state charge shift within RyR1-Pg complexes. Close

• 20. [Article] Using “Evil” to Combat “Evil”: The Regulation of Prostitution in Renaissance Florence

  In accordance with the general opinions towards women at the time, the establishment of the Office of Decency (known as the Onestá) in Florence, Italy during the Renaissance served to dehumanize the women ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Using “Evil” to Combat “Evil”: The Regulation of Prostitution in Renaissance Florence Author: Abrams, Lilah F. Year: 2017 In accordance with the general opinions towards women at the time, the establishment of the Office of Decency (known as the Onestá) in Florence, Italy during the Renaissance served to dehumanize the women participating in the profession. While many argue that the Florentine Onestá was established to preserve the city’s image, the ultimate intention of the ordinances was to use women as tools to regulate male behavior. Drawing on the remaining ordinances established by the Onestá as primary source material, this paper identifies the utilization of prostitutes to restrict the defiling of “virtuous” women by men through regulations on attire and residence, as well reduce homosexual behavior by encouraging the exploration of heterosexual desires through available prostitution. With the dissolution of the Onestá in the seventeenth century and the resulting criminalization of prostitution, the negative societal beliefs associated with prostitution have persisted into modern day. Title: Using “Evil” to Combat “Evil”: The Regulation of Prostitution in Renaissance Florence Author: Abrams, Lilah F. Year: 2017 In accordance with the general opinions towards women at the time, the establishment of the Office of Decency (known as the Onestá) in Florence, Italy during the Renaissance served to dehumanize the women participating in the profession. While many argue that the Florentine Onestá was established to preserve the city’s image, the ultimate intention of the ordinances was to use women as tools to regulate male behavior. Drawing on the remaining ordinances established by the Onestá as primary source material, this paper identifies the utilization of prostitutes to restrict the defiling of “virtuous” women by men through regulations on attire and residence, as well reduce homosexual behavior by encouraging the exploration of heterosexual desires through available prostitution. With the dissolution of the Onestá in the seventeenth century and the resulting criminalization of prostitution, the negative societal beliefs associated with prostitution have persisted into modern day. Close