Search

Search Results

• 21. [Article] Large Woody Debris Mobility Areas in a Coastal Old-Growth Forest Stream, Oregon

  This study uses a spatial model to visualize LWD mobility areas in an approximate 1km reach of Cummins Creek, a fourth-order stream flowing through an old-growth Sitka spruce-western hemlock forest in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Large Woody Debris Mobility Areas in a Coastal Old-Growth Forest Stream, Oregon Author: Bambrick, Beth Marie Year: 2013 This study uses a spatial model to visualize LWD mobility areas in an approximate 1km reach of Cummins Creek, a fourth-order stream flowing through an old-growth Sitka spruce-western hemlock forest in the Oregon Coast Range. The model solves a LWD incipient motion equation for nine wood size combinations (0.1m, 0.4m, 1.7m diameters by 1.0m, 6.87m, 47.2m lengths) during the 2-year, 10-year, and 100-year discharge events. Model input variables were derived from a combination of field survey, remotely sensed, and modeled data collected or derived between June 2010 and July 2011. LWD mobility map results indicate the 2-year discharge mobilizes all modeled diameters, but mobile piece lengths are shorter than the bankfull channel boundary. Mobility areas for each wood size combination increases with discharge; 10-year and 100-year discharge events mobilize wood longer than average bankfull width within a confined section of the main stem channel, and mobilize LWD shorter than bankfull width within the main stem channel, side channels, and floodplain. No discharge event mobilizes the largest LWD size combination (1.7m / 47.2). Recruitment process was recorded for all LWD during June 2010, revealing that all mobile wood in the study reach was shorter than bankfull width. Based on these conflicting results, I hypothesize the distribution of wood in Cummins Creek can be described in terms of discharge frequency and magnitude, instead of as a binary mobile/stable classification. Mobility maps could be a useful tool for land managers using LWD as part of a stream restoration or conservation plan, but will require additional calibration. Title: Large Woody Debris Mobility Areas in a Coastal Old-Growth Forest Stream, Oregon Author: Bambrick, Beth Marie Year: 2013 This study uses a spatial model to visualize LWD mobility areas in an approximate 1km reach of Cummins Creek, a fourth-order stream flowing through an old-growth Sitka spruce-western hemlock forest in the Oregon Coast Range. The model solves a LWD incipient motion equation for nine wood size combinations (0.1m, 0.4m, 1.7m diameters by 1.0m, 6.87m, 47.2m lengths) during the 2-year, 10-year, and 100-year discharge events. Model input variables were derived from a combination of field survey, remotely sensed, and modeled data collected or derived between June 2010 and July 2011. LWD mobility map results indicate the 2-year discharge mobilizes all modeled diameters, but mobile piece lengths are shorter than the bankfull channel boundary. Mobility areas for each wood size combination increases with discharge; 10-year and 100-year discharge events mobilize wood longer than average bankfull width within a confined section of the main stem channel, and mobilize LWD shorter than bankfull width within the main stem channel, side channels, and floodplain. No discharge event mobilizes the largest LWD size combination (1.7m / 47.2). Recruitment process was recorded for all LWD during June 2010, revealing that all mobile wood in the study reach was shorter than bankfull width. Based on these conflicting results, I hypothesize the distribution of wood in Cummins Creek can be described in terms of discharge frequency and magnitude, instead of as a binary mobile/stable classification. Mobility maps could be a useful tool for land managers using LWD as part of a stream restoration or conservation plan, but will require additional calibration. Close

• 22. [Article] The Atmosphere can be a Source of Certain Water Soluble Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban Streams

  Surface water and air volatile organic compound (VOC) data from 10 U. S. Geological Survey monitoring sites were used to evaluate the potential for direct transport of VOCs from the atmosphere to urban ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Atmosphere can be a Source of Certain Water Soluble Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban Streams Author: Kenner, Scott J, Bender, David A., Pankow, James F., Zogorski, John S. Year: 2014 Surface water and air volatile organic compound (VOC) data from 10 U. S. Geological Survey monitoring sites were used to evaluate the potential for direct transport of VOCs from the atmosphere to urban streams. Analytical results of 87 VOC compounds were screened by evaluating the occurrence and detection levels in both water and air, and equilibrium concentrations in water (C-w(s)) based on the measured air concentrations. Four compounds (acetone, methyl tertiary butyl ether, toluene, and m- & p-xylene) were detected in more than 20% of water samples, in more than 10% of air samples, and more than 10% of detections in air were greater than long-term method detection levels (LTMDL) in water. Benzene was detected in more than 20% of water samples and in more than 10% of air samples. Two percent of benzene detections in air were greater than one-half the LTMDL in water. Six compounds (chloroform, p-isopropyltoluene, methylene chloride, perchloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethene) were detected in more than 20% of water samples and in more than 10% of air samples. Five VOCs, toluene, m- & p-xylene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), acetone, and benzene were identified as having sufficiently high concentrations in the atmosphere to be a source to urban streams. MTBE, acetone, and benzene exhibited behavior that was consistent with equilibrium concentrations in the atmosphere. Title: The Atmosphere can be a Source of Certain Water Soluble Volatile Organic Compounds in Urban Streams Author: Kenner, Scott J, Bender, David A., Pankow, James F., Zogorski, John S. Year: 2014 Surface water and air volatile organic compound (VOC) data from 10 U. S. Geological Survey monitoring sites were used to evaluate the potential for direct transport of VOCs from the atmosphere to urban streams. Analytical results of 87 VOC compounds were screened by evaluating the occurrence and detection levels in both water and air, and equilibrium concentrations in water (C-w(s)) based on the measured air concentrations. Four compounds (acetone, methyl tertiary butyl ether, toluene, and m- & p-xylene) were detected in more than 20% of water samples, in more than 10% of air samples, and more than 10% of detections in air were greater than long-term method detection levels (LTMDL) in water. Benzene was detected in more than 20% of water samples and in more than 10% of air samples. Two percent of benzene detections in air were greater than one-half the LTMDL in water. Six compounds (chloroform, p-isopropyltoluene, methylene chloride, perchloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethene) were detected in more than 20% of water samples and in more than 10% of air samples. Five VOCs, toluene, m- & p-xylene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), acetone, and benzene were identified as having sufficiently high concentrations in the atmosphere to be a source to urban streams. MTBE, acetone, and benzene exhibited behavior that was consistent with equilibrium concentrations in the atmosphere. Close

• 23. [Article] Temporal Variations of Citizens’ Demands on Flood Damage Mitigation, Streamflow Quantity and Quality in the Korean Urban Watershed

  Sustainable watershed management (SWM) can be achieved through recognition and reflection upon the values of citizens. Collaborative governance consisting of citizens is crucial for successful SWM. Collaborative ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Temporal Variations of Citizens’ Demands on Flood Damage Mitigation, Streamflow Quantity and Quality in the Korean Urban Watershed Author: Hong, Change-Yu, Chung, Eun-Sung Year: 2016 Sustainable watershed management (SWM) can be achieved through recognition and reflection upon the values of citizens. Collaborative governance consisting of citizens is crucial for successful SWM. Collaborative governance definitely requires an active participatory decision-making process that reflects citizens’ preferences. Citizen preference also tends to substantially change with life pattern and life quality. These shifts can be caused by slight variations in both social priorities and personal preferences for SWM. Therefore, collaborative water governance must be frequently renewed in response to citizens’ values through the participatory framework. The An’yang Stream in South Korea is generally regarded as a representative urban stream restoration case that has been successfully led by collaborative governance. By conducting individual surveys with citizens on-site, this study addresses how citizens’ preferences of the stream’s management have changed between 2005 and 2015. In addition, this study used three quantitative hydrologic vulnerability indices: potential flood damage (PFD), potential streamflow depletion (PSD), and potential water quality deterioration (PWQD). They can spatially quantify citizen preference using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which can systematically derive citizens’ subjective relative-weighted preferences. In the end, this study identified critical differences in priorities in regard to vulnerable areas between in 2005 and in 2015. Title: Temporal Variations of Citizens’ Demands on Flood Damage Mitigation, Streamflow Quantity and Quality in the Korean Urban Watershed Author: Hong, Change-Yu, Chung, Eun-Sung Year: 2016 Sustainable watershed management (SWM) can be achieved through recognition and reflection upon the values of citizens. Collaborative governance consisting of citizens is crucial for successful SWM. Collaborative governance definitely requires an active participatory decision-making process that reflects citizens’ preferences. Citizen preference also tends to substantially change with life pattern and life quality. These shifts can be caused by slight variations in both social priorities and personal preferences for SWM. Therefore, collaborative water governance must be frequently renewed in response to citizens’ values through the participatory framework. The An’yang Stream in South Korea is generally regarded as a representative urban stream restoration case that has been successfully led by collaborative governance. By conducting individual surveys with citizens on-site, this study addresses how citizens’ preferences of the stream’s management have changed between 2005 and 2015. In addition, this study used three quantitative hydrologic vulnerability indices: potential flood damage (PFD), potential streamflow depletion (PSD), and potential water quality deterioration (PWQD). They can spatially quantify citizen preference using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), which can systematically derive citizens’ subjective relative-weighted preferences. In the end, this study identified critical differences in priorities in regard to vulnerable areas between in 2005 and in 2015. Close

• 24. [Article] Coastal Lakes Aquatic Plant Survey Report

  Invasive, non-indigenous plants can degrade water quality and fish habitat when they invade lakes, ponds, and streams. Changes in plant community architecture in lakes due to invasion by canopy-forming ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Coastal Lakes Aquatic Plant Survey Report Author: Pfauth, Mary, Sytsma, Mark Year: 2004 Invasive, non-indigenous plants can degrade water quality and fish habitat when they invade lakes, ponds, and streams. Changes in plant community architecture in lakes due to invasion by canopy-forming invasive aquatic plants can result in loss of native plant biodiversity and reduction of the structural complexity of the underwater habitat. Differences in photosynthetic biochemistry between non-indigenous and native plants can result in large diurnal pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Title: Coastal Lakes Aquatic Plant Survey Report Author: Pfauth, Mary, Sytsma, Mark Year: 2004 Invasive, non-indigenous plants can degrade water quality and fish habitat when they invade lakes, ponds, and streams. Changes in plant community architecture in lakes due to invasion by canopy-forming invasive aquatic plants can result in loss of native plant biodiversity and reduction of the structural complexity of the underwater habitat. Differences in photosynthetic biochemistry between non-indigenous and native plants can result in large diurnal pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Close

• 25. [Article] Future Flooding Impacts on Transportation Infrastructure and Traffic Patterns Resulting from Climate Change

  This study investigated potential impacts of climate change on travel disruption resulting from road closures in two urban watersheds in the Portland metropolitan area. We used ensemble climate change ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Future Flooding Impacts on Transportation Infrastructure and Traffic Patterns Resulting from Climate Change Author: Chang, Heejun, Lafrenz, Martin, Jung, Il-Won, Figliozzi, Miguel A., Melgoza, Rolando, Ruelas, David, Platman, Deena, Pederson, Cindy Year: 2011 This study investigated potential impacts of climate change on travel disruption resulting from road closures in two urban watersheds in the Portland metropolitan area. We used ensemble climate change scenarios, a hydrologic model, stream channel survey, a hydraulic model, and a travel forecast model to develop an integrated impact assessment method. High-resolution climate change scenarios are based on the combinations of two emission scenarios and eight general circulation models. The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System was calibrated and validated for the period 1988-2006, and simulated for determining the probability of floods from 2020-2049. We surveyed stream cross sections at five road crossings for stream channel geometry and determined floodwater surface elevations using the HEC-RAS model. Four of the surveyed bridges and roadways were lower in elevation than the current 100-year floodwater surface elevation, leading to relatively frequent nuisance flooding. These roadway flooding events will become more frequent under some climate change scenarios in the future, but climate change impacts will depend on local geomorphic conditions. While vehicle miles traveled were not significantly affected by road closure, vehicle-hours delay demonstrated a greater impact from road closures, increasing by 10 percent in the Fanno Creek area. Results indicate that any cost analysis is extremely sensitive to the occurrence of human fatalities or injuries and fairly insensitive to delay costs. In addition, this research presents a comprehensive classification of flooding costs, identifies preventative measures, and makes short- and long-term recommendations. Our research demonstrated the usefulness of the integration of top-down and bottom-up approaches in climate change impact assessment, and the need for spatially explicit modeling and participatory planning in flood management and transportation planning under increasing climate uncertainty. Title: Future Flooding Impacts on Transportation Infrastructure and Traffic Patterns Resulting from Climate Change Author: Chang, Heejun, Lafrenz, Martin, Jung, Il-Won, Figliozzi, Miguel A., Melgoza, Rolando, Ruelas, David, Platman, Deena, Pederson, Cindy Year: 2011 This study investigated potential impacts of climate change on travel disruption resulting from road closures in two urban watersheds in the Portland metropolitan area. We used ensemble climate change scenarios, a hydrologic model, stream channel survey, a hydraulic model, and a travel forecast model to develop an integrated impact assessment method. High-resolution climate change scenarios are based on the combinations of two emission scenarios and eight general circulation models. The Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System was calibrated and validated for the period 1988-2006, and simulated for determining the probability of floods from 2020-2049. We surveyed stream cross sections at five road crossings for stream channel geometry and determined floodwater surface elevations using the HEC-RAS model. Four of the surveyed bridges and roadways were lower in elevation than the current 100-year floodwater surface elevation, leading to relatively frequent nuisance flooding. These roadway flooding events will become more frequent under some climate change scenarios in the future, but climate change impacts will depend on local geomorphic conditions. While vehicle miles traveled were not significantly affected by road closure, vehicle-hours delay demonstrated a greater impact from road closures, increasing by 10 percent in the Fanno Creek area. Results indicate that any cost analysis is extremely sensitive to the occurrence of human fatalities or injuries and fairly insensitive to delay costs. In addition, this research presents a comprehensive classification of flooding costs, identifies preventative measures, and makes short- and long-term recommendations. Our research demonstrated the usefulness of the integration of top-down and bottom-up approaches in climate change impact assessment, and the need for spatially explicit modeling and participatory planning in flood management and transportation planning under increasing climate uncertainty. Close

• 26. [Article] Historical Vegetation of Central Southwest Oregon, Based on GLO Survey Notes : Final Report to USDI Bureau of Land Management, Medford District

  Historical vegetation at the time of European settlement is of great interest to both the public and land managers, but is poorly documented. One source of data are the earliest land survey records of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Historical Vegetation of Central Southwest Oregon, Based on GLO Survey Notes : Final Report to USDI Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Author: Hickman, O. Eugene, Christy, John A. Year: 2011 Historical vegetation at the time of European settlement is of great interest to both the public and land managers, but is poorly documented. One source of data are the earliest land survey records of the General Land Office (GLO). Rectangular township surveys in Southwest Oregon were initiated in the mid 1850’s as settlers began to claim homesteads in the Bear Creek Valley surrounding what is now Medford. We examined GLO land survey field notes and plats (maps) accompanying the surveys, transcribed GLO landscape data into an Access database, and classified the data set into very general vegetation types for mapping. About 89 vegetation types (subclasses) were described for mapping historic vegetation, distinguished by major differences in plant composition and topographic features. Tree density was estimated from section line descriptions and witness tree spacing at corners, and was used to classify stands into tree classes. These types then were combined into broad “Vegetation Classes” for mapping (i.e. savanna, shrubland, forest, prairie). Classifying and mapping historical vegetation occurred on about 418,500 acres in an earlier OSU study, and about 720,700 acres in this BLM study, located in Jackson and Josephine Counties. The authors merged results from these adjacent GLO studies, expanding the coverage to approximately 1.14 million acres (49 townships). Modern soil surveys of the study area helped the authors interpret GLO data and draw vegetation boundaries. About 44% of the landscape was closed upland forest, 41% woodland, 1.4% riparian forest, 2% oak or conifer savanna, 1% shrublands, and 11% bottomland meadow or upland prairie. Forest types ranged from moist, mixed conifer uplands to dry valley ponderosa pine-hardwood grassland. Large areas of prairie and mixed oak-conifer woodland dominated many low elevation locations on plains, foothills, and especially clayey terraces or southern slopes near what is now Medford. Nearly 115 plant species or plant groups were identified by the surveyors, mostly trees and shrubs. Some were misidentified and not easily interpreted by the authors when archaic names were used by the surveyors. Grazing quality was frequently noted as surveyors attempted to describe land productivity for livestock. Historic baseline plant data is presented for broad landscape transects and sometimes by topographic positions, but is limited by the sketchy nature of the original surveyor notes. Nearly 350 homestead parcels of various sizes were claimed in the study, as identified in GLO survey notes and on Donation Land Claim maps, showing how quickly settlement occurred in the study area after gold was discovered in 1851. Most early homesteads included prairie or oak savanna, which was open and more easily converted to farmland or pasture. Early saw mills, grist mills, fields, roads, water diversions and major Indian trails were also identified and transcribed from the GLO records. Title: Historical Vegetation of Central Southwest Oregon, Based on GLO Survey Notes : Final Report to USDI Bureau of Land Management, Medford District Author: Hickman, O. Eugene, Christy, John A. Year: 2011 Historical vegetation at the time of European settlement is of great interest to both the public and land managers, but is poorly documented. One source of data are the earliest land survey records of the General Land Office (GLO). Rectangular township surveys in Southwest Oregon were initiated in the mid 1850’s as settlers began to claim homesteads in the Bear Creek Valley surrounding what is now Medford. We examined GLO land survey field notes and plats (maps) accompanying the surveys, transcribed GLO landscape data into an Access database, and classified the data set into very general vegetation types for mapping. About 89 vegetation types (subclasses) were described for mapping historic vegetation, distinguished by major differences in plant composition and topographic features. Tree density was estimated from section line descriptions and witness tree spacing at corners, and was used to classify stands into tree classes. These types then were combined into broad “Vegetation Classes” for mapping (i.e. savanna, shrubland, forest, prairie). Classifying and mapping historical vegetation occurred on about 418,500 acres in an earlier OSU study, and about 720,700 acres in this BLM study, located in Jackson and Josephine Counties. The authors merged results from these adjacent GLO studies, expanding the coverage to approximately 1.14 million acres (49 townships). Modern soil surveys of the study area helped the authors interpret GLO data and draw vegetation boundaries. About 44% of the landscape was closed upland forest, 41% woodland, 1.4% riparian forest, 2% oak or conifer savanna, 1% shrublands, and 11% bottomland meadow or upland prairie. Forest types ranged from moist, mixed conifer uplands to dry valley ponderosa pine-hardwood grassland. Large areas of prairie and mixed oak-conifer woodland dominated many low elevation locations on plains, foothills, and especially clayey terraces or southern slopes near what is now Medford. Nearly 115 plant species or plant groups were identified by the surveyors, mostly trees and shrubs. Some were misidentified and not easily interpreted by the authors when archaic names were used by the surveyors. Grazing quality was frequently noted as surveyors attempted to describe land productivity for livestock. Historic baseline plant data is presented for broad landscape transects and sometimes by topographic positions, but is limited by the sketchy nature of the original surveyor notes. Nearly 350 homestead parcels of various sizes were claimed in the study, as identified in GLO survey notes and on Donation Land Claim maps, showing how quickly settlement occurred in the study area after gold was discovered in 1851. Most early homesteads included prairie or oak savanna, which was open and more easily converted to farmland or pasture. Early saw mills, grist mills, fields, roads, water diversions and major Indian trails were also identified and transcribed from the GLO records. Close

• 27. [Article] A Study of Successful Management of New Product Development in High Tech Industry

  This report studies management of new product development. A mail survey was developed to assess current trends in the management of new product development, activities in development process, and major ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Study of Successful Management of New Product Development in High Tech Industry Author: Yuwono, Dharwin Year: 1990 This report studies management of new product development. A mail survey was developed to assess current trends in the management of new product development, activities in development process, and major factors that contribute to success in management of the process in high tech industry. The survey results are analyzed and compared to historical theoretical approaches. Suggestions and topics for future projects are presented. Title: A Study of Successful Management of New Product Development in High Tech Industry Author: Yuwono, Dharwin Year: 1990 This report studies management of new product development. A mail survey was developed to assess current trends in the management of new product development, activities in development process, and major factors that contribute to success in management of the process in high tech industry. The survey results are analyzed and compared to historical theoretical approaches. Suggestions and topics for future projects are presented. Close

• 28. [Article] An Exploration of Fiscal Resources and Systems Needs related to Autism Spectrum Disorder Services and Supports in Ohio: Fiscal Analysis and Parent/Caregiver Interview Results

  In order to advocate for policies that align and leverage funding streams in service to the needs of families and individuals affected by autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the Educational Service Center ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Exploration of Fiscal Resources and Systems Needs related to Autism Spectrum Disorder Services and Supports in Ohio: Fiscal Analysis and Parent/Caregiver Interview Results Author: Anderson-Butcher, Dawn, Drew, Hilary, Moodie-Dyer, Amber, Hoffman, Jill A. Year: 2012 In order to advocate for policies that align and leverage funding streams in service to the needs of families and individuals affected by autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the Educational Service Center of Central Ohio (ESCCO) and the Center for Systems Change at the Ohio Center for Autism and Low Incidence disorders (OCALI) commissioned the College of Social Work at The Ohio State University to conduct a fiscal analysis of ASD funds and to explore parent / caregiver perceptions of the ASD service delivery system in Ohio. There were two purposes of this work: To identify federal and state funding streams that are available or may be used to support autism spectrum disorders in Ohio and To explore stakeholder (particularly parents / caregivers) experiences with the ASD service delivery system and related informal social supports. The findings from both research components provide insights into ways in which the ASD service delivery system might be improved, as fiscal mapping data inform resource investments and consumer perspectives’ drive continuous improvements. Title: An Exploration of Fiscal Resources and Systems Needs related to Autism Spectrum Disorder Services and Supports in Ohio: Fiscal Analysis and Parent/Caregiver Interview Results Author: Anderson-Butcher, Dawn, Drew, Hilary, Moodie-Dyer, Amber, Hoffman, Jill A. Year: 2012 In order to advocate for policies that align and leverage funding streams in service to the needs of families and individuals affected by autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the Educational Service Center of Central Ohio (ESCCO) and the Center for Systems Change at the Ohio Center for Autism and Low Incidence disorders (OCALI) commissioned the College of Social Work at The Ohio State University to conduct a fiscal analysis of ASD funds and to explore parent / caregiver perceptions of the ASD service delivery system in Ohio. There were two purposes of this work: To identify federal and state funding streams that are available or may be used to support autism spectrum disorders in Ohio and To explore stakeholder (particularly parents / caregivers) experiences with the ASD service delivery system and related informal social supports. The findings from both research components provide insights into ways in which the ASD service delivery system might be improved, as fiscal mapping data inform resource investments and consumer perspectives’ drive continuous improvements. Close

• 29. [Article] Introduction to Common Native and Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants in Alaska

  Freshwater aquatic plants are found in most lakes and rivers in Alaska. They range from tiny floating plants that can form mats on a lake surface to emergent plants growing two meters above the water. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Introduction to Common Native and Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants in Alaska Author: Morgan, Vanessa Howard, Sytsma, Mark Year: 2009 Freshwater aquatic plants are found in most lakes and rivers in Alaska. They range from tiny floating plants that can form mats on a lake surface to emergent plants growing two meters above the water. Aquatic plants are an important part of freshwater environments. They provide food and shelter for a wide variety of insects, fish, mammals, and birds; stabilize shorelines; and form an important link in nutrient cycles. To date, Alaska has had relatively few problems with invasive, non-native aquatic plants. However, invasive aquatic plants pose an increasing threat to human safety and the integrity of native aquatic communities. Actions taken to detect and prevent the introduction and spread of invasive aquatic plants in Alaska are necessary in order to avoid the environmental and economic harm invasive plants have caused in other parts of the United States. The primary purposes of this manual are to aide the identification of freshwater aquatic plants that are likely to be seen in Alaska’s lakes, streams, bogs and marshes; and to help prevent the spread of harmful invasive plants. This manual was written for people who do not necessarily have a scientific background, but it also should be useful for professionals who need assistance in identifying common aquatic species. Title: Introduction to Common Native and Potential Invasive Freshwater Plants in Alaska Author: Morgan, Vanessa Howard, Sytsma, Mark Year: 2009 Freshwater aquatic plants are found in most lakes and rivers in Alaska. They range from tiny floating plants that can form mats on a lake surface to emergent plants growing two meters above the water. Aquatic plants are an important part of freshwater environments. They provide food and shelter for a wide variety of insects, fish, mammals, and birds; stabilize shorelines; and form an important link in nutrient cycles. To date, Alaska has had relatively few problems with invasive, non-native aquatic plants. However, invasive aquatic plants pose an increasing threat to human safety and the integrity of native aquatic communities. Actions taken to detect and prevent the introduction and spread of invasive aquatic plants in Alaska are necessary in order to avoid the environmental and economic harm invasive plants have caused in other parts of the United States. The primary purposes of this manual are to aide the identification of freshwater aquatic plants that are likely to be seen in Alaska’s lakes, streams, bogs and marshes; and to help prevent the spread of harmful invasive plants. This manual was written for people who do not necessarily have a scientific background, but it also should be useful for professionals who need assistance in identifying common aquatic species. Close

• 30. [Article] The treatment of the concept of impersonation within the art of oral interpretation : a contemporary perspective

  This historical survey of speech journals and sixty-one textbooks covers seventy years of the treatment of the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation, from 1916 to 1985. The purpose ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The treatment of the concept of impersonation within the art of oral interpretation : a contemporary perspective Author: Johnson, Joann R. Year: 1986 This historical survey of speech journals and sixty-one textbooks covers seventy years of the treatment of the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation, from 1916 to 1985. The purpose of the study is to investigate the concept of impersonation, synthesize the material for the benefit of contemporary thought, provide clarity for the student, surveying scrutiny for the curious, and finally, provide additional contemporary knowledge in the light of' "a gradual evolution of teaching methods." The essential questions are: 1. How has the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation been treated in the past? 2. How is the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation treated in the present? 3. How should the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation be treated? Title: The treatment of the concept of impersonation within the art of oral interpretation : a contemporary perspective Author: Johnson, Joann R. Year: 1986 This historical survey of speech journals and sixty-one textbooks covers seventy years of the treatment of the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation, from 1916 to 1985. The purpose of the study is to investigate the concept of impersonation, synthesize the material for the benefit of contemporary thought, provide clarity for the student, surveying scrutiny for the curious, and finally, provide additional contemporary knowledge in the light of' "a gradual evolution of teaching methods." The essential questions are: 1. How has the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation been treated in the past? 2. How is the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation treated in the present? 3. How should the concept of impersonation within the Art of Oral Interpretation be treated? Close

• 31. [Article] United States Regional History as an Instructional Field: The Practice of College and University History Departments

  In one sense, American history is "a sequential process of regional development marked by a persistent tension between regional cultures and economic interests and integrative national institutions and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: United States Regional History as an Instructional Field: The Practice of College and University History Departments Author: Abbott, Carl Year: 1990 In one sense, American history is "a sequential process of regional development marked by a persistent tension between regional cultures and economic interests and integrative national institutions and values." Since the 1890's, regional history has been an active enterprise supported by academic instruction, leading university presses, specialized journals, and professional organizations. A survey of college and university departments of history yielded data to analyze the present ambiguous position of regional history within the evolving discipline of American historical studies. Title: United States Regional History as an Instructional Field: The Practice of College and University History Departments Author: Abbott, Carl Year: 1990 In one sense, American history is "a sequential process of regional development marked by a persistent tension between regional cultures and economic interests and integrative national institutions and values." Since the 1890's, regional history has been an active enterprise supported by academic instruction, leading university presses, specialized journals, and professional organizations. A survey of college and university departments of history yielded data to analyze the present ambiguous position of regional history within the evolving discipline of American historical studies. Close

• 32. [Article] Saving the Yellowstone

  The Yellowstone River remains the only major free-flowing stream in the lower 48 states. Defenders of free-flowing status argue that benefits derived from maintaining the historic river surpass those gained ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Saving the Yellowstone Author: Lang, William L. Year: 1985 The Yellowstone River remains the only major free-flowing stream in the lower 48 states. Defenders of free-flowing status argue that benefits derived from maintaining the historic river surpass those gained through dams. The 1973 Montana Water Use Act placed water allocation in the state's hands, and the 1974 Yellowstone Moratorium gave the state three years to determine the Yellowstone's future. The Montana Fish and Game Department requested maintenance of the instream flow to protect the fisheries and the river, and the state Natural Resources board partially granted the request, thereby preventing dams on the Yellowstone. Title: Saving the Yellowstone Author: Lang, William L. Year: 1985 The Yellowstone River remains the only major free-flowing stream in the lower 48 states. Defenders of free-flowing status argue that benefits derived from maintaining the historic river surpass those gained through dams. The 1973 Montana Water Use Act placed water allocation in the state's hands, and the 1974 Yellowstone Moratorium gave the state three years to determine the Yellowstone's future. The Montana Fish and Game Department requested maintenance of the instream flow to protect the fisheries and the river, and the state Natural Resources board partially granted the request, thereby preventing dams on the Yellowstone. Close

• 33. [Article] "Historical roots of the death of God"

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: "Historical roots of the death of God" Author: Altizer, Thomas J.J. Year: 1968 Title: "Historical roots of the death of God" Author: Altizer, Thomas J.J. Year: 1968 Close

• 34. [Article] "An address to faculty and students on the historical roots of black power"

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: "An address to faculty and students on the historical roots of black power" Author: Lomax, Louis E. Year: 1968 Title: "An address to faculty and students on the historical roots of black power" Author: Lomax, Louis E. Year: 1968 Close

• 35. [Article] "The concept of the "right of revolution" in the United States in historical perspective; from the Puritans to the present"

  Sponsored by PSU History Department & Phi Alpha Theta.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: "The concept of the "right of revolution" in the United States in historical perspective; from the Puritans to the present" Author: Pressly, Thomas Year: 1976 Sponsored by PSU History Department & Phi Alpha Theta. Title: "The concept of the "right of revolution" in the United States in historical perspective; from the Puritans to the present" Author: Pressly, Thomas Year: 1976 Sponsored by PSU History Department & Phi Alpha Theta. Close

• 36. [Article] "The church's historic position toward war"

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: "The church's historic position toward war" Author: Fedde, Gabriel Bernhard Year: 1966 Title: "The church's historic position toward war" Author: Fedde, Gabriel Bernhard Year: 1966 Close

• 37. [Article] The Impact of Collective Bargaining on the Civil Service Merit System in Oregon

  This study examines the impact of collective bargaining on the civil service merit system in the State of Oregon. Four topics of current interest are explored. The first is a discussion of the status of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Impact of Collective Bargaining on the Civil Service Merit System in Oregon Author: Blanchard, David K. Year: 1994 This study examines the impact of collective bargaining on the civil service merit system in the State of Oregon. Four topics of current interest are explored. The first is a discussion of the status of collective bargaining and the civil service merit system legislation. The second topic is an analysis of the extent to which the day-to-day administration of public sector personnel functions is determined by the relative influence of collective bargaining agreements and civil service rules. The third is the impact of the collective bargaining model on the integrity of the merit principle. The final topic addressed by this study is the implication of the relationship between collective bargaining and civil service for the effective administration of public sector personnel systems in the future. This research utilized a multiple methods design. The data collection methodology involved two approaches. The first was a document review of state statutes, administrative rules, Employment Relations Board orders, and court decisions applicable to the civil service and collective bargaining. The second approach to data collection employed a written survey designed to solicit the opinion of personnel administrators and others in a position to have an opinion concerning the influence of collective bargaining within their respective jurisdictions. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were employed to interpret the data. Qualitative analysis of historical documents yielded descriptive information pertaining to such factors as the proliferation of collective bargaining legislation and the rationale behind such legislation. Quantitative survey data were summarized through the use of descriptive statistics. In addition, qualitative survey data were analyzed using techniques of narrative description and content analysis, which were applied to the open ended survey responses and interview data. A combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques were used in tandem with the expectation that such an approach would contribute to a more thorough investigation of the research question and lead to a better understanding of the impact which collective bargaining legislation may have had on the civil service merit system than would the use of either technique alone. Title: The Impact of Collective Bargaining on the Civil Service Merit System in Oregon Author: Blanchard, David K. Year: 1994 This study examines the impact of collective bargaining on the civil service merit system in the State of Oregon. Four topics of current interest are explored. The first is a discussion of the status of collective bargaining and the civil service merit system legislation. The second topic is an analysis of the extent to which the day-to-day administration of public sector personnel functions is determined by the relative influence of collective bargaining agreements and civil service rules. The third is the impact of the collective bargaining model on the integrity of the merit principle. The final topic addressed by this study is the implication of the relationship between collective bargaining and civil service for the effective administration of public sector personnel systems in the future. This research utilized a multiple methods design. The data collection methodology involved two approaches. The first was a document review of state statutes, administrative rules, Employment Relations Board orders, and court decisions applicable to the civil service and collective bargaining. The second approach to data collection employed a written survey designed to solicit the opinion of personnel administrators and others in a position to have an opinion concerning the influence of collective bargaining within their respective jurisdictions. Both qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were employed to interpret the data. Qualitative analysis of historical documents yielded descriptive information pertaining to such factors as the proliferation of collective bargaining legislation and the rationale behind such legislation. Quantitative survey data were summarized through the use of descriptive statistics. In addition, qualitative survey data were analyzed using techniques of narrative description and content analysis, which were applied to the open ended survey responses and interview data. A combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques were used in tandem with the expectation that such an approach would contribute to a more thorough investigation of the research question and lead to a better understanding of the impact which collective bargaining legislation may have had on the civil service merit system than would the use of either technique alone. Close

• 38. [Article] Survey of Aquatic Plants in Corps of Engineers Reservoirs

  A survey of aquatic plants in a selected Corps of Engineers reservoirs in Oregon was conducted. Cottage Grove, Dorena, Fern Ridge, Dexter and Willow Creek Reservoirs contained abundant aquatic plants. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Survey of Aquatic Plants in Corps of Engineers Reservoirs Author: Walker, Kimberly D., Sytsma, Mark D. Year: 2000 A survey of aquatic plants in a selected Corps of Engineers reservoirs in Oregon was conducted. Cottage Grove, Dorena, Fern Ridge, Dexter and Willow Creek Reservoirs contained abundant aquatic plants. Potamogeton pectinatus and Potamogeton epihydrous were the most common native plant species. Myriophyllum aquaticum and Potamogeton crispus were the most widespread nonnative plants. Species richness in the reservoirs was correlated with trophic status and basin morphology. Shallow reservoirs that included extensive areas of nutrient-rich sediments that were historic flood plain soils supported the greatest biomass and number of species. Mesotrophic reservoirs had lower species diversity. Oligotrophic reservoirs with steep basin morphology, nutrient-poor sediments, and large water level fluctuation did not support aquatic vascular plant populations. An aquatic plant management program should be developed for the reservoirs. The program should focus on preventing introduction and spread of invasive aquatic plants and on rapid response procedures for new infestations. Those reservoirs that currently support aquatic macrophyte communities may be most susceptible to invasion and rapid spread of new introductions, however, even reservoirs that are currently free of aquatic plants may be invaded. Early detection is critical to effective implementation of rapid response procedures for invasive aquatic plant control. Annual survey of the most productive reservoirs is recommended to document introduction of new species. Plant community composition changes during the growing season, and multiple surveys during the growing season are preferred over one-time visits. Management of established populations of invasive species in the reservoirs will be difficult. Where invasive plant abundance is limited in area and number management activities may be implemented to slow dispersal and perhaps eradicate the plants. Integrated pest management procedures should be followed to ensure effective and economical aquatic plant control. Title: Survey of Aquatic Plants in Corps of Engineers Reservoirs Author: Walker, Kimberly D., Sytsma, Mark D. Year: 2000 A survey of aquatic plants in a selected Corps of Engineers reservoirs in Oregon was conducted. Cottage Grove, Dorena, Fern Ridge, Dexter and Willow Creek Reservoirs contained abundant aquatic plants. Potamogeton pectinatus and Potamogeton epihydrous were the most common native plant species. Myriophyllum aquaticum and Potamogeton crispus were the most widespread nonnative plants. Species richness in the reservoirs was correlated with trophic status and basin morphology. Shallow reservoirs that included extensive areas of nutrient-rich sediments that were historic flood plain soils supported the greatest biomass and number of species. Mesotrophic reservoirs had lower species diversity. Oligotrophic reservoirs with steep basin morphology, nutrient-poor sediments, and large water level fluctuation did not support aquatic vascular plant populations. An aquatic plant management program should be developed for the reservoirs. The program should focus on preventing introduction and spread of invasive aquatic plants and on rapid response procedures for new infestations. Those reservoirs that currently support aquatic macrophyte communities may be most susceptible to invasion and rapid spread of new introductions, however, even reservoirs that are currently free of aquatic plants may be invaded. Early detection is critical to effective implementation of rapid response procedures for invasive aquatic plant control. Annual survey of the most productive reservoirs is recommended to document introduction of new species. Plant community composition changes during the growing season, and multiple surveys during the growing season are preferred over one-time visits. Management of established populations of invasive species in the reservoirs will be difficult. Where invasive plant abundance is limited in area and number management activities may be implemented to slow dispersal and perhaps eradicate the plants. Integrated pest management procedures should be followed to ensure effective and economical aquatic plant control. Close

• 39. [Article] Oxygen Demand Trends, Land Cover Change, and Water Quality Management for an Urbanizing Oregon Watershed

  In-stream aquatic habitat depends on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen. Human alteration of the landscape has an extensive influence on the biogeochemical processes that drive oxygen cycling in streams. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oxygen Demand Trends, Land Cover Change, and Water Quality Management for an Urbanizing Oregon Watershed Author: Boeder, Michael Karl Year: 2006 In-stream aquatic habitat depends on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen. Human alteration of the landscape has an extensive influence on the biogeochemical processes that drive oxygen cycling in streams. Historic datasets allow researchers to track trends in chemical parameters concomitant with urbanization, while land cover change analysis allows researchers to identify linkages between water quality trends and landscape change. Using the Seasonal Kendall's test, I examined water quality trends in oxygen demand variables during the mid-1990s to 2003, for twelve sites in the Rock Creek sub-watershed of the Tualatin River, northwest Oregon. Significant trends occurred in each parameter. Dissolved oxygen (DO (%sat)) increased at five sites. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased at seven sites. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) decreased at five sites and increased at one site. Ammonium (NH3-N) decreased at one site and increased at one site. Multiple linear regression indicates that nitrogenous oxygen demand accounts for a significant amount of variance in COD at ten of the twelve sites (adjusted R2values from 0.14 to 0.73). Aerial photo interpretation revealed significant land cover change in agricultural land cover (-8% for the entire basin area) and residential land cover (+10% for the entire basin area). Correlation results between seasonal oxygen demand data and land cover values at multiple scales indicated that: (I) forest cover negatively influences COD at the full sub-basin scale and positively influences NH3-N at local scales, (2) residential land cover positively influences DO (%sat) values at local scales, (3) agricultural land cover does not influence oxygen demand at any land cover assessment scale, ( 4) local topography negatively influences TKN and NH3-N, and (5) urban runoff management infrastructure correlates positively with COD. Study results indicate that, with the exception of forested land, local scale land cover and landscape variables dominate influence on oxygen demand in the Rock Creek basin. Since DO conditions have improved in these streams, watershed management efforts should emphasize local influences in order to continue to maintain stream health. Title: Oxygen Demand Trends, Land Cover Change, and Water Quality Management for an Urbanizing Oregon Watershed Author: Boeder, Michael Karl Year: 2006 In-stream aquatic habitat depends on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen. Human alteration of the landscape has an extensive influence on the biogeochemical processes that drive oxygen cycling in streams. Historic datasets allow researchers to track trends in chemical parameters concomitant with urbanization, while land cover change analysis allows researchers to identify linkages between water quality trends and landscape change. Using the Seasonal Kendall's test, I examined water quality trends in oxygen demand variables during the mid-1990s to 2003, for twelve sites in the Rock Creek sub-watershed of the Tualatin River, northwest Oregon. Significant trends occurred in each parameter. Dissolved oxygen (DO (%sat)) increased at five sites. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased at seven sites. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) decreased at five sites and increased at one site. Ammonium (NH3-N) decreased at one site and increased at one site. Multiple linear regression indicates that nitrogenous oxygen demand accounts for a significant amount of variance in COD at ten of the twelve sites (adjusted R2values from 0.14 to 0.73). Aerial photo interpretation revealed significant land cover change in agricultural land cover (-8% for the entire basin area) and residential land cover (+10% for the entire basin area). Correlation results between seasonal oxygen demand data and land cover values at multiple scales indicated that: (I) forest cover negatively influences COD at the full sub-basin scale and positively influences NH3-N at local scales, (2) residential land cover positively influences DO (%sat) values at local scales, (3) agricultural land cover does not influence oxygen demand at any land cover assessment scale, ( 4) local topography negatively influences TKN and NH3-N, and (5) urban runoff management infrastructure correlates positively with COD. Study results indicate that, with the exception of forested land, local scale land cover and landscape variables dominate influence on oxygen demand in the Rock Creek basin. Since DO conditions have improved in these streams, watershed management efforts should emphasize local influences in order to continue to maintain stream health. Close

• 40. [Article] English Renaissance Humanist Education

  The following examines the historical development of English education available prior to university entrance in order to discover the impact of humanist ideas on the educational system. The survey of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: English Renaissance Humanist Education Author: Bjornstad, Lori Ann Year: 1977 The following examines the historical development of English education available prior to university entrance in order to discover the impact of humanist ideas on the educational system. The survey of the structure and theory of pre-university English education begins in the early Middle Ages and continues through the Elizabethan period. Title: English Renaissance Humanist Education Author: Bjornstad, Lori Ann Year: 1977 The following examines the historical development of English education available prior to university entrance in order to discover the impact of humanist ideas on the educational system. The survey of the structure and theory of pre-university English education begins in the early Middle Ages and continues through the Elizabethan period. Close