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• 1. [Article] Distribution of amphibians in wadeable streams and ponds in western and southeast Oregon, Information Report 2009-02

  Abstract -- The Oregon Conservation Strategy (ODFW 2006) identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy species”, or Species of Greatest ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Distribution of amphibians in wadeable streams and ponds in western and southeast Oregon, Information Report 2009-02 Abstract -- The Oregon Conservation Strategy (ODFW 2006) identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy species”, or Species of Greatest Conservation Need (per USFWS requirements for State Wildlife Action Plans). The distribution of many species of amphibians in western Oregon is sparsely documented (Oregon Conservation Strategy, page 27). Although a broad-scale survey for amphibian presence would provide much information about amphibian distribution, most studies have focused on limited areas. One cost-effective approach is to combine amphibian observational surveys with existing aquatic habitat surveys conducted as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds (OCSRI 1997). The Oregon Plan has been in place since 1997 and the monitoring component provides a survey framework for streams in the lower Columbia River and Oregon coast drainages. The sampling framework is also compatible with implementation of the aquatic components of the Conservation Strategy, as demonstrated by this study. This study describes the presence of amphibians in and along wadeable streams in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages of Oregon, ponds and sloughs in the Willamette Valley, and selected streams in the Great Basin of southeast and central Oregon. As a component of monitoring under the Oregon Plan, the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP) conducts aquatic habitat surveys at randomly selected and spatially balanced sites across all 1st through 4th order streams (wadeable) in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages. The purpose of the habitat surveys is to describe stream morphology, instream physical habitat, and riparian vegetation. Because the surveyors were already observing features within and alongside the stream channel, they were able to record observations of amphibians. The amphibian component was consistent with the survey protocol used by the US Geological Survey’s Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. The advantage of coupling an amphibian component with the OR Plan aquatic surveys was that it not only was an efficient use of resources, but more importantly, provided information using a statistically rigorous survey design across a broad geographic area. In the summer of 2006, AIP began collecting amphibian occurrence data during physical stream habitat surveys as a pilot study to determine if our standard survey protocol could be modified to document distribution of amphibians characterized as Strategy Species under the Oregon Conservation Strategy. During the summer season, field crews observed four strategy species of amphibians and eleven amphibian species total. The potential to use these data to fill the gaps within the known current distribution of amphibians and to potentially develop a habitat based distribution models for these species led to the summer 2007 work. Amphibian data are also collected during four other survey projects, and although the site selection procedure does not conform to the same statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design, the projects offer a number of opportunities to collect amphibian occurrence information over a wide variety of habitats. The amphibian observations from these four projects are also included in this report. The four projects are as follows: • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys on selected streams throughout the state. • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys at stream habitat restoration projects in Western Oregon. • Surveys to document the distribution of Oregon chub also record amphibian data from over 1,000 pond and slough sites within the Willamette Valley floodplain since 1991. • The Native Fish Investigations Project began a study in 2007 to document the distribution and abundance of Redband Trout in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. Surveys in the summer of 2007 occurred in 8 of Oregon’s 10 ecoregions (Figure 1)(Omernick 1994). Ecoregions are relatively large areas defined by distinctive geographic and ecological characteristics; flora and fauna communities and geographic conditions are typically distinct. Ecoregions provide an ecological framework for describing amphibian distribution across the state. The goals of our 2007 work were to: • Increase the consistency, efficiency and ability of habitat crews in identifying amphibians through improved training. • Increase knowledge of distribution and habitat associations of amphibians in streams in western Oregon (location, stream size and type), and infer distribution in all coastal and lower Columbia drainages. • Describe temporal changes in stream habitat use by amphibians (seasonal, annual). • Estimate surveyor bias by comparing standard crew data with intensive resurveys. • Describe distribution of amphibians in ponds, sloughs and other off channel aquatic habitats in the Willamette Valley. • Describe distribution of amphibians in the Great Basin of eastern Oregon. Many of Oregon’s amphibians rely on aquatic habitats at some point of their life, either for breeding and juvenile development or to inhabit as adults. Most aquatic amphibians breed from late winter to early summer, and many adults remain in or near their breeding sites into the summer. Most tadpoles and juvenile amphibians are also active in and occupy aquatic habitats during the summer. The aquatic habitat and redband trout surveys are appropriate opportunities to observe species and life stages (breeding adults, tadpoles and juveniles) that occupy aquatic or riparian habitats during the summer. Likewise the Oregon chub surveys are likely to observe amphibian species and life stages in ponds and sloughs during the spring and fall. These types of surveys are an efficient and cost-effective means to collect information on amphibian species that are closely tied to aquatic habitat throughout their life cycle. Amphibian species that are more terrestrial in nature may be better surveyed through a different approach. Title: Distribution of amphibians in wadeable streams and ponds in western and southeast Oregon, Information Report 2009-02 Abstract -- The Oregon Conservation Strategy (ODFW 2006) identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy species”, or Species of Greatest Conservation Need (per USFWS requirements for State Wildlife Action Plans). The distribution of many species of amphibians in western Oregon is sparsely documented (Oregon Conservation Strategy, page 27). Although a broad-scale survey for amphibian presence would provide much information about amphibian distribution, most studies have focused on limited areas. One cost-effective approach is to combine amphibian observational surveys with existing aquatic habitat surveys conducted as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds (OCSRI 1997). The Oregon Plan has been in place since 1997 and the monitoring component provides a survey framework for streams in the lower Columbia River and Oregon coast drainages. The sampling framework is also compatible with implementation of the aquatic components of the Conservation Strategy, as demonstrated by this study. This study describes the presence of amphibians in and along wadeable streams in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages of Oregon, ponds and sloughs in the Willamette Valley, and selected streams in the Great Basin of southeast and central Oregon. As a component of monitoring under the Oregon Plan, the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP) conducts aquatic habitat surveys at randomly selected and spatially balanced sites across all 1st through 4th order streams (wadeable) in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages. The purpose of the habitat surveys is to describe stream morphology, instream physical habitat, and riparian vegetation. Because the surveyors were already observing features within and alongside the stream channel, they were able to record observations of amphibians. The amphibian component was consistent with the survey protocol used by the US Geological Survey’s Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative. The advantage of coupling an amphibian component with the OR Plan aquatic surveys was that it not only was an efficient use of resources, but more importantly, provided information using a statistically rigorous survey design across a broad geographic area. In the summer of 2006, AIP began collecting amphibian occurrence data during physical stream habitat surveys as a pilot study to determine if our standard survey protocol could be modified to document distribution of amphibians characterized as Strategy Species under the Oregon Conservation Strategy. During the summer season, field crews observed four strategy species of amphibians and eleven amphibian species total. The potential to use these data to fill the gaps within the known current distribution of amphibians and to potentially develop a habitat based distribution models for these species led to the summer 2007 work. Amphibian data are also collected during four other survey projects, and although the site selection procedure does not conform to the same statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design, the projects offer a number of opportunities to collect amphibian occurrence information over a wide variety of habitats. The amphibian observations from these four projects are also included in this report. The four projects are as follows: • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys on selected streams throughout the state. • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys at stream habitat restoration projects in Western Oregon. • Surveys to document the distribution of Oregon chub also record amphibian data from over 1,000 pond and slough sites within the Willamette Valley floodplain since 1991. • The Native Fish Investigations Project began a study in 2007 to document the distribution and abundance of Redband Trout in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. Surveys in the summer of 2007 occurred in 8 of Oregon’s 10 ecoregions (Figure 1)(Omernick 1994). Ecoregions are relatively large areas defined by distinctive geographic and ecological characteristics; flora and fauna communities and geographic conditions are typically distinct. Ecoregions provide an ecological framework for describing amphibian distribution across the state. The goals of our 2007 work were to: • Increase the consistency, efficiency and ability of habitat crews in identifying amphibians through improved training. • Increase knowledge of distribution and habitat associations of amphibians in streams in western Oregon (location, stream size and type), and infer distribution in all coastal and lower Columbia drainages. • Describe temporal changes in stream habitat use by amphibians (seasonal, annual). • Estimate surveyor bias by comparing standard crew data with intensive resurveys. • Describe distribution of amphibians in ponds, sloughs and other off channel aquatic habitats in the Willamette Valley. • Describe distribution of amphibians in the Great Basin of eastern Oregon. Many of Oregon’s amphibians rely on aquatic habitats at some point of their life, either for breeding and juvenile development or to inhabit as adults. Most aquatic amphibians breed from late winter to early summer, and many adults remain in or near their breeding sites into the summer. Most tadpoles and juvenile amphibians are also active in and occupy aquatic habitats during the summer. The aquatic habitat and redband trout surveys are appropriate opportunities to observe species and life stages (breeding adults, tadpoles and juveniles) that occupy aquatic or riparian habitats during the summer. Likewise the Oregon chub surveys are likely to observe amphibian species and life stages in ponds and sloughs during the spring and fall. These types of surveys are an efficient and cost-effective means to collect information on amphibian species that are closely tied to aquatic habitat throughout their life cycle. Amphibian species that are more terrestrial in nature may be better surveyed through a different approach. Close

• 2. [Article] 2008 Amphibian Distribution Surveys in Wadeable Streams and Ponds in Western and Southeast Oregon, Information Reports Number 2010-05

  Abstract -- The ODFW Oregon Conservation Strategy identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy species”, or Species of Greatest Conservation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 2008 Amphibian Distribution Surveys in Wadeable Streams and Ponds in Western and Southeast Oregon, Information Reports Number 2010-05 Abstract -- The ODFW Oregon Conservation Strategy identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy species”, or Species of Greatest Conservation Need (per USFWS requirements for State Wildlife Action Plans). The distribution of many species of amphibians in western Oregon is sparsely documented (Oregon Conservation Strategy, page 27). Although a broad-scale survey for amphibian presence would provide important baseline information about amphibian species composition and distribution, most studies have focused on limited areas. The majority of Oregon’s amphibians rely on aquatic habitats at some point of their life, either for breeding and juvenile development or to inhabit as adults. Most aquatic amphibians breed from late winter to early summer, and adults frequently remain in or near their breeding sites into the summer. Most tadpoles and juvenile amphibians are also active in and occupy aquatic habitats during the summer. Ongoing aquatic habitat and fish surveys are opportunities to observe species and life stages (breeding adults, tadpoles and juveniles) that occupy aquatic or riparian habitats during the summer. One cost-effective approach is to combine amphibian surveys with existing aquatic habitat and fish surveys such as those conducted as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds (OCSRI 1997). The Oregon Plan has been in place since 1997 and the monitoring component provides a survey framework for streams in the lower Columbia River and Oregon coast drainages. The sampling framework is also compatible with implementation of the aquatic components of the Conservation Strategy, as demonstrated by this study. This study describes the presence of amphibians in and along wadeable streams in coast and lower Columbia River drainages of Oregon, ponds and sloughs in the Willamette Valley, and selected streams in the Great Basin of southeast and central Oregon. As a component of monitoring under the Oregon Plan, the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP) conducts aquatic habitat surveys at randomly selected and spatially balanced sites across all 1st through 4th order streams in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages. The purpose of the habitat surveys is to describe stream morphology, instream physical habitat, and riparian vegetation. Because the surveyors were already observing features within and alongside the stream channel, they were able to record observations of amphibians. The amphibian component was consistent with the survey protocol used by the US Geological Survey’s Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (http://armi.usgs.gov/). The advantage of coupling an amphibian component with the OR Plan aquatic surveys was that it not only was an efficient use of resources, but more importantly, provided information using a statistically rigorous survey design across a broad geographic area. The Native Fish Investigations Project began a six year study in 2007 to document the distribution and abundance of redband trout in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. The site selection procedure is comparable to the statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design. Amphibian data are also collected during three other survey projects, and although the site selection procedure does not conform to the same statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design, the projects offer a number of opportunities to collect amphibian occurrence information over a wide variety of habitats. The amphibian observations from these three projects are also included in this report. The three projects are as follows: • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys on selected streams throughout the state. • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys at stream habitat restoration projects in Western Oregon. • Native Fish Project conducts surveys of pond and slough sites for Oregon chub in the Willamette Valley. Due to the success of the 2006 and 2007 field studies, we continued our research during the summer of 2008 to improve our knowledge of distribution and community structure of amphibians. The summer 2008 surveys took place in 9 of Oregon’s 10 ecoregions (Figure 1) (Thorson et al. 2003). Ecoregions provide a framework for discussing amphibian distribution across the state because they are relatively large areas defined by distinctive geographic and ecological (flora and fauna) characteristics. The goals of our 2008 work were to: • Increase the consistency, efficiency and ability of habitat crews in identifying amphibians through improved training. • Increase knowledge of distribution, community structure, and habitat associations of amphibians in streams in: o Western Oregon coastal and lower Columbia drainages. o Ponds, sloughs and other off-channel aquatic habitats in the Willamette Valley. o Great Basin of eastern Oregon and selected streams in central Oregon. • Combine the 2008 observations with the 2006-07 results. Title: 2008 Amphibian Distribution Surveys in Wadeable Streams and Ponds in Western and Southeast Oregon, Information Reports Number 2010-05 Abstract -- The ODFW Oregon Conservation Strategy identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy species”, or Species of Greatest Conservation Need (per USFWS requirements for State Wildlife Action Plans). The distribution of many species of amphibians in western Oregon is sparsely documented (Oregon Conservation Strategy, page 27). Although a broad-scale survey for amphibian presence would provide important baseline information about amphibian species composition and distribution, most studies have focused on limited areas. The majority of Oregon’s amphibians rely on aquatic habitats at some point of their life, either for breeding and juvenile development or to inhabit as adults. Most aquatic amphibians breed from late winter to early summer, and adults frequently remain in or near their breeding sites into the summer. Most tadpoles and juvenile amphibians are also active in and occupy aquatic habitats during the summer. Ongoing aquatic habitat and fish surveys are opportunities to observe species and life stages (breeding adults, tadpoles and juveniles) that occupy aquatic or riparian habitats during the summer. One cost-effective approach is to combine amphibian surveys with existing aquatic habitat and fish surveys such as those conducted as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds (OCSRI 1997). The Oregon Plan has been in place since 1997 and the monitoring component provides a survey framework for streams in the lower Columbia River and Oregon coast drainages. The sampling framework is also compatible with implementation of the aquatic components of the Conservation Strategy, as demonstrated by this study. This study describes the presence of amphibians in and along wadeable streams in coast and lower Columbia River drainages of Oregon, ponds and sloughs in the Willamette Valley, and selected streams in the Great Basin of southeast and central Oregon. As a component of monitoring under the Oregon Plan, the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP) conducts aquatic habitat surveys at randomly selected and spatially balanced sites across all 1st through 4th order streams in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages. The purpose of the habitat surveys is to describe stream morphology, instream physical habitat, and riparian vegetation. Because the surveyors were already observing features within and alongside the stream channel, they were able to record observations of amphibians. The amphibian component was consistent with the survey protocol used by the US Geological Survey’s Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (http://armi.usgs.gov/). The advantage of coupling an amphibian component with the OR Plan aquatic surveys was that it not only was an efficient use of resources, but more importantly, provided information using a statistically rigorous survey design across a broad geographic area. The Native Fish Investigations Project began a six year study in 2007 to document the distribution and abundance of redband trout in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. The site selection procedure is comparable to the statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design. Amphibian data are also collected during three other survey projects, and although the site selection procedure does not conform to the same statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design, the projects offer a number of opportunities to collect amphibian occurrence information over a wide variety of habitats. The amphibian observations from these three projects are also included in this report. The three projects are as follows: • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys on selected streams throughout the state. • AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys at stream habitat restoration projects in Western Oregon. • Native Fish Project conducts surveys of pond and slough sites for Oregon chub in the Willamette Valley. Due to the success of the 2006 and 2007 field studies, we continued our research during the summer of 2008 to improve our knowledge of distribution and community structure of amphibians. The summer 2008 surveys took place in 9 of Oregon’s 10 ecoregions (Figure 1) (Thorson et al. 2003). Ecoregions provide a framework for discussing amphibian distribution across the state because they are relatively large areas defined by distinctive geographic and ecological (flora and fauna) characteristics. The goals of our 2008 work were to: • Increase the consistency, efficiency and ability of habitat crews in identifying amphibians through improved training. • Increase knowledge of distribution, community structure, and habitat associations of amphibians in streams in: o Western Oregon coastal and lower Columbia drainages. o Ponds, sloughs and other off-channel aquatic habitats in the Willamette Valley. o Great Basin of eastern Oregon and selected streams in central Oregon. • Combine the 2008 observations with the 2006-07 results. Close

• 3. [Article] Amphibian Distribution in Wadeable Streams and Ponds in Western and Southeast Oregon, 2009-2010 Progress Reports 2011

  Abstract -- The ODFW Oregon Conservation Strategy identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy Species”, or “Species of Greatest Conservation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Amphibian Distribution in Wadeable Streams and Ponds in Western and Southeast Oregon, 2009-2010 Progress Reports 2011 Abstract -- The ODFW Oregon Conservation Strategy identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy Species”, or “Species of Greatest Conservation Need” (per USFWS requirements for State Wildlife Action Plans). The distribution of many species of amphibians in western Oregon is sparsely documented (Oregon Conservation Strategy, page 27). Although a broad-scale survey for amphibian presence would provide important baseline information about amphibian species composition and distribution, most studies have focused on limited areas. The majority of Oregon’s amphibians rely on aquatic habitats at some point of their life, either for breeding and juvenile development or to inhabit as adults. Most aquatic amphibians breed from late winter to early summer, and adults frequently remain in or near their breeding sites into the summer. Most tadpoles and juvenile amphibians are also active in and occupy aquatic habitats during the summer. Ongoing aquatic habitat and fish surveys are opportunities to observe species and life stages (breeding adults, tadpoles and juveniles) that occupy aquatic or riparian habitats during the summer. One cost-effective approach is to combine amphibian surveys with existing aquatic habitat and fish surveys such as those conducted as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds (OCSRI 1997). The Oregon Plan has been in place since 1997 and the monitoring component provides a survey framework for streams in the lower Columbia River and Oregon coast drainages. The sampling framework is also compatible with implementation of the aquatic components of the Conservation Strategy, as demonstrated by this study. This study describes the presence of amphibians in and along wadeable streams in coast and lower Columbia River drainages of Oregon, ponds and sloughs in the Willamette Valley, and selected streams in the Great Basin of southeast and central Oregon. As a component of monitoring under the Oregon Plan, the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP) conducts aquatic habitat surveys at randomly selected and spatially balanced sites across all 1st through 4th order streams in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages. The purpose of the habitat surveys is to describe stream morphology, instream physical habitat, and riparian vegetation. Because the surveyors were already observing features within and alongside the stream channel, they were able to record observations of amphibians. The advantage of coupling an amphibian component with the OR Plan aquatic surveys was that it not only was an efficient use of resources, but more importantly, provided information using a statistically rigorous survey design across a broad geographic area. The Native Fish Investigations Project began a six year study in 2007 to document the distribution and abundance of redband trout in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. The site selection procedure is comparable to the statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design. Amphibian data are also collected during three other survey projects, and although the site selection procedure does not conform to the same statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design, the projects offer a number of opportunities to collect amphibian occurrence information over a wide variety of habitats. The amphibian observations from these three projects are also included in this report. The three projects are as follows: AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys on selected streams throughout the state. AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys at stream habitat restoration projects in Western Oregon. Native Fish Project conducts surveys of pond and slough sites for Oregon chub in the Willamette Valley. Due to the success of the 2007 and 2008 field studies, we continued our research during the summer of 2009 and 2010 to improve our knowledge of distribution and community structure of amphibians. The summer 2009 and 2010 surveys took place in 9 of Oregon’s 10 ecoregions (Figure 1) (Thorson et al. 2003). Ecoregions provide a framework for discussing amphibian distribution across the state because they are relatively large areas defined by distinctive geographic and ecological (flora and fauna) characteristics. The goals of our 2009-2010 work were to: Increase the consistency, efficiency and ability of habitat crews in identifying amphibians through improved training. Increase knowledge of distribution, community structure, and habitat associations of amphibians in streams in: Western Oregon coastal and lower Columbia drainages. Ponds, sloughs and other off-channel aquatic habitats in the Willamette Valley. Great Basin of eastern Oregon and selected streams in central Oregon. Combine the 2009-2010 observations with the 2007-2008 results. Title: Amphibian Distribution in Wadeable Streams and Ponds in Western and Southeast Oregon, 2009-2010 Progress Reports 2011 Abstract -- The ODFW Oregon Conservation Strategy identified monitoring needs for 17 amphibian species native to the state of Oregon that are designated as “Strategy Species”, or “Species of Greatest Conservation Need” (per USFWS requirements for State Wildlife Action Plans). The distribution of many species of amphibians in western Oregon is sparsely documented (Oregon Conservation Strategy, page 27). Although a broad-scale survey for amphibian presence would provide important baseline information about amphibian species composition and distribution, most studies have focused on limited areas. The majority of Oregon’s amphibians rely on aquatic habitats at some point of their life, either for breeding and juvenile development or to inhabit as adults. Most aquatic amphibians breed from late winter to early summer, and adults frequently remain in or near their breeding sites into the summer. Most tadpoles and juvenile amphibians are also active in and occupy aquatic habitats during the summer. Ongoing aquatic habitat and fish surveys are opportunities to observe species and life stages (breeding adults, tadpoles and juveniles) that occupy aquatic or riparian habitats during the summer. One cost-effective approach is to combine amphibian surveys with existing aquatic habitat and fish surveys such as those conducted as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds (OCSRI 1997). The Oregon Plan has been in place since 1997 and the monitoring component provides a survey framework for streams in the lower Columbia River and Oregon coast drainages. The sampling framework is also compatible with implementation of the aquatic components of the Conservation Strategy, as demonstrated by this study. This study describes the presence of amphibians in and along wadeable streams in coast and lower Columbia River drainages of Oregon, ponds and sloughs in the Willamette Valley, and selected streams in the Great Basin of southeast and central Oregon. As a component of monitoring under the Oregon Plan, the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP) conducts aquatic habitat surveys at randomly selected and spatially balanced sites across all 1st through 4th order streams in coastal and lower Columbia River drainages. The purpose of the habitat surveys is to describe stream morphology, instream physical habitat, and riparian vegetation. Because the surveyors were already observing features within and alongside the stream channel, they were able to record observations of amphibians. The advantage of coupling an amphibian component with the OR Plan aquatic surveys was that it not only was an efficient use of resources, but more importantly, provided information using a statistically rigorous survey design across a broad geographic area. The Native Fish Investigations Project began a six year study in 2007 to document the distribution and abundance of redband trout in the Great Basin region of Eastern Oregon. The site selection procedure is comparable to the statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design. Amphibian data are also collected during three other survey projects, and although the site selection procedure does not conform to the same statistical standards as the Oregon Plan survey design, the projects offer a number of opportunities to collect amphibian occurrence information over a wide variety of habitats. The amphibian observations from these three projects are also included in this report. The three projects are as follows: AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys on selected streams throughout the state. AIP conducts aquatic habitat surveys at stream habitat restoration projects in Western Oregon. Native Fish Project conducts surveys of pond and slough sites for Oregon chub in the Willamette Valley. Due to the success of the 2007 and 2008 field studies, we continued our research during the summer of 2009 and 2010 to improve our knowledge of distribution and community structure of amphibians. The summer 2009 and 2010 surveys took place in 9 of Oregon’s 10 ecoregions (Figure 1) (Thorson et al. 2003). Ecoregions provide a framework for discussing amphibian distribution across the state because they are relatively large areas defined by distinctive geographic and ecological (flora and fauna) characteristics. The goals of our 2009-2010 work were to: Increase the consistency, efficiency and ability of habitat crews in identifying amphibians through improved training. Increase knowledge of distribution, community structure, and habitat associations of amphibians in streams in: Western Oregon coastal and lower Columbia drainages. Ponds, sloughs and other off-channel aquatic habitats in the Willamette Valley. Great Basin of eastern Oregon and selected streams in central Oregon. Combine the 2009-2010 observations with the 2007-2008 results. Close

• 4. [Article] Willamette BiOp - Evaluation of the Trap and Transport of Adult Steelhead Above USACE Project Dams in the Upper Willamette Basin

  Abstract -- Wild, winter-run steelhead are trapped and transported above US Army Corps dams in the Willamette River basin in an effort to reintroduce these fish into historical habitats as part of federal ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette BiOp - Evaluation of the Trap and Transport of Adult Steelhead Above USACE Project Dams in the Upper Willamette Basin Abstract -- Wild, winter-run steelhead are trapped and transported above US Army Corps dams in the Willamette River basin in an effort to reintroduce these fish into historical habitats as part of federal mitigation obligations. The goal of this project was to provide information on spawning distribution of winter steelhead above and below Foster Dam considering the influence of upstream fish passage and outplanting procedures. Data were collected by conducting spawning ground surveys throughout the South Santiam subbasin using a spatially-balanced design during the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 spawning seasons. During the 2016/2017 season additional surveys were conducted explicitly to determine the amount of overlap between winter-run and non-native, hatchery summer-run steelhead on the spawning grounds. Generally, both summer- and winter-run steelhead spawned in the upper reaches of streams and near Foster Dam. There was a six-week separation between the end of summer-run spawning and the onset of winter-run spawning. Outplanting methods for both runs have been consistent since at least 2006 and we found no evidence of negative impacts of the program on prespawn mortality. The spatiallybalanced survey design resulted in a threefold increase in miles surveyed compared to traditional index surveys and provided information regarding the distribution of spawning activity in the South Santiam subbasin that was lacking. The South Santiam River does not have any fish counting stations and, other than fish volitionally entering the trap at Foster Dam, there is no way to know how many fish enter the subbasin. Continued spawning ground surveys, a video monitoring system at Lebanon Dam, or both are needed to monitor these ESA-listed fish in the subbasin and evaluate the possible negative effects of the hatchery program and outplanting procedures. Title: Willamette BiOp - Evaluation of the Trap and Transport of Adult Steelhead Above USACE Project Dams in the Upper Willamette Basin Abstract -- Wild, winter-run steelhead are trapped and transported above US Army Corps dams in the Willamette River basin in an effort to reintroduce these fish into historical habitats as part of federal mitigation obligations. The goal of this project was to provide information on spawning distribution of winter steelhead above and below Foster Dam considering the influence of upstream fish passage and outplanting procedures. Data were collected by conducting spawning ground surveys throughout the South Santiam subbasin using a spatially-balanced design during the 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 spawning seasons. During the 2016/2017 season additional surveys were conducted explicitly to determine the amount of overlap between winter-run and non-native, hatchery summer-run steelhead on the spawning grounds. Generally, both summer- and winter-run steelhead spawned in the upper reaches of streams and near Foster Dam. There was a six-week separation between the end of summer-run spawning and the onset of winter-run spawning. Outplanting methods for both runs have been consistent since at least 2006 and we found no evidence of negative impacts of the program on prespawn mortality. The spatiallybalanced survey design resulted in a threefold increase in miles surveyed compared to traditional index surveys and provided information regarding the distribution of spawning activity in the South Santiam subbasin that was lacking. The South Santiam River does not have any fish counting stations and, other than fish volitionally entering the trap at Foster Dam, there is no way to know how many fish enter the subbasin. Continued spawning ground surveys, a video monitoring system at Lebanon Dam, or both are needed to monitor these ESA-listed fish in the subbasin and evaluate the possible negative effects of the hatchery program and outplanting procedures. Close

• 5. [Article] Luckiamute Rapid Bio-Assessment

  Abstract -- The 2011 Rapid Bio-Assessment inventory of the Luckiamute Watershed was a replicate inventory that attempted to target the most productive salmonid habitats in the basin. This was the fourth ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Luckiamute Rapid Bio-Assessment Abstract -- The 2011 Rapid Bio-Assessment inventory of the Luckiamute Watershed was a replicate inventory that attempted to target the most productive salmonid habitats in the basin. This was the fourth consecutive inventory in the basin designed to describe the distribution and relative abundance of coho, cutthroat trout and winter steelhead. The entire basin (214 stream miles) was inventoried in 2008 utilizing the RBA protocol which included many miles of dysfunctional aquatic habitats that currently exhibit deep channel entrenchment, elevated summer temperature profiles and provided limited summer production potential. Survey efforts were reduced to 96.6 stream miles in 2009 and covered only the highest quality habitat reaches. Surveys were further refined in 2010 to a subset of the highest quality habitats (90.2 stream miles) and reduced again in 2011 to 84.6 stream miles. Some streams in the basin were also surveyed in 2002 and 2003 in a separate effort funded by Boise Cascade, the previous owner of the current Forest Capital holdings. These included Beaver, Boulder, Clayton, Cougar, Miller, Pedee, Ritner, Sheythe, West Fork Luckiamute, Wolf, and approximately 7 miles of the upper Luckiamute mainstem. Results and comparisons to those surveys are included below in the Site Specific observations. The intent of the RBA inventory was to gather information on the status of juvenile salmonid summer distributions and summer rearing densities. The inventory consisted of extensive snorkel surveys that began at the mouth of each stream and continued to the end of significant salmonid rearing potential (not to the end of cutthroat distribution). These surveys will be used to develop a base line for understanding how juvenile salmonids are currently utilizing habitats within the basin during summer flow regimes. Replicates of this inventory in high priority stream reaches (streams exhibiting residual system function) will be critical for identifying trends in the distribution and abundance of juvenile coho, steelhead and cutthroat in response to watershed restoration and management. The Rapid Bio-Assessment (RBA) survey method was designed to sub-sample 20 percent of the pool habitats using a Rapid Assay technique that could cover large distances and succeed in describing the current distribution of juvenile salmonids in all of the surveyed streams and their tributaries. Beaver dam frequency was also recorded. Title: Luckiamute Rapid Bio-Assessment Abstract -- The 2011 Rapid Bio-Assessment inventory of the Luckiamute Watershed was a replicate inventory that attempted to target the most productive salmonid habitats in the basin. This was the fourth consecutive inventory in the basin designed to describe the distribution and relative abundance of coho, cutthroat trout and winter steelhead. The entire basin (214 stream miles) was inventoried in 2008 utilizing the RBA protocol which included many miles of dysfunctional aquatic habitats that currently exhibit deep channel entrenchment, elevated summer temperature profiles and provided limited summer production potential. Survey efforts were reduced to 96.6 stream miles in 2009 and covered only the highest quality habitat reaches. Surveys were further refined in 2010 to a subset of the highest quality habitats (90.2 stream miles) and reduced again in 2011 to 84.6 stream miles. Some streams in the basin were also surveyed in 2002 and 2003 in a separate effort funded by Boise Cascade, the previous owner of the current Forest Capital holdings. These included Beaver, Boulder, Clayton, Cougar, Miller, Pedee, Ritner, Sheythe, West Fork Luckiamute, Wolf, and approximately 7 miles of the upper Luckiamute mainstem. Results and comparisons to those surveys are included below in the Site Specific observations. The intent of the RBA inventory was to gather information on the status of juvenile salmonid summer distributions and summer rearing densities. The inventory consisted of extensive snorkel surveys that began at the mouth of each stream and continued to the end of significant salmonid rearing potential (not to the end of cutthroat distribution). These surveys will be used to develop a base line for understanding how juvenile salmonids are currently utilizing habitats within the basin during summer flow regimes. Replicates of this inventory in high priority stream reaches (streams exhibiting residual system function) will be critical for identifying trends in the distribution and abundance of juvenile coho, steelhead and cutthroat in response to watershed restoration and management. The Rapid Bio-Assessment (RBA) survey method was designed to sub-sample 20 percent of the pool habitats using a Rapid Assay technique that could cover large distances and succeed in describing the current distribution of juvenile salmonids in all of the surveyed streams and their tributaries. Beaver dam frequency was also recorded. Close

• 6. [Article] Lake Survey of the Willamette National Forest, 1937

  Abstract -- This is the third and concluding report of the Willamette National Forest Lake Survey which was started in 1936. The survey was conducted under the joint cooperative agreement between U.S. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lake Survey of the Willamette National Forest, 1937 Abstract -- This is the third and concluding report of the Willamette National Forest Lake Survey which was started in 1936. The survey was conducted under the joint cooperative agreement between U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, Department of Commerce, and the U.S. Forest Service, Department of Agriculture, signed March 18, 1935. This survey is a part of the tentative cooperative program of the U.S. Forest Service and U.S. Bureau of Fisheries for stream and lake surveys, stream and lake improvements, and detailed fresh water investigations in the National Forests of Region 6, approved June 25, 1937. Title: Lake Survey of the Willamette National Forest, 1937 Abstract -- This is the third and concluding report of the Willamette National Forest Lake Survey which was started in 1936. The survey was conducted under the joint cooperative agreement between U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, Department of Commerce, and the U.S. Forest Service, Department of Agriculture, signed March 18, 1935. This survey is a part of the tentative cooperative program of the U.S. Forest Service and U.S. Bureau of Fisheries for stream and lake surveys, stream and lake improvements, and detailed fresh water investigations in the National Forests of Region 6, approved June 25, 1937. Close

• 7. [Article] Upper Nehelam Habitat Assessments 2005

  Abstract -- Project staff utilized the ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol to assess habitat in selected small, medium, and large sized streams in the Upper Nehalem basin. In addition, the project personnel ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Upper Nehelam Habitat Assessments 2005 Abstract -- Project staff utilized the ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol to assess habitat in selected small, medium, and large sized streams in the Upper Nehalem basin. In addition, the project personnel conducted a snorkeling survey to estimate juvenile salmonid distribution in these streams. The 2005 surveys completed a portion of the Coho freshwater habitat found within the Upper Nehalem. During the 2005 season we surveyed 84 stream reaches in 38 streams totaling 96.89 kilometers of habitat, (60.206 miles) of habitat. In addition, the project staff snorkeled 130 pools within the surveyed areas. Title: Upper Nehelam Habitat Assessments 2005 Abstract -- Project staff utilized the ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol to assess habitat in selected small, medium, and large sized streams in the Upper Nehalem basin. In addition, the project personnel conducted a snorkeling survey to estimate juvenile salmonid distribution in these streams. The 2005 surveys completed a portion of the Coho freshwater habitat found within the Upper Nehalem. During the 2005 season we surveyed 84 stream reaches in 38 streams totaling 96.89 kilometers of habitat, (60.206 miles) of habitat. In addition, the project staff snorkeled 130 pools within the surveyed areas. Close

• 8. [Article] Habrate: A Limiting Factors Model for Accessing Stream Habitat Quality for Salmon and Steelhead in the Deschutes River Basin, 2010. Information Reports Number 2010-03

  Abstract -- Fishery managers are commonly tasked with the basic question "Will the contemporary habitat above a barrier support the fish populations that historically resided in the watershed?" Managers ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Habrate: A Limiting Factors Model for Accessing Stream Habitat Quality for Salmon and Steelhead in the Deschutes River Basin, 2010. Information Reports Number 2010-03 Abstract -- Fishery managers are commonly tasked with the basic question "Will the contemporary habitat above a barrier support the fish populations that historically resided in the watershed?" Managers in central Oregon were confronted with that question in an effort to reestablish fish populations in 375 kilometers of stream above the Round Butte-Pelton Dam complex (Rkm 161) on the Deschutes River. Stream surveys had been conducted in most of the available stream habitat, but had not been synthesized in a form that allowed managers to view the quality and complexity of stream habitat in an easily-understandable fashion. In response, we developed a limiting factors model (HabRate) that assessed the potential quality of stream habitat using stream survey data for each juvenile life stage of salmon and steelhead. The model was developed for a specific application to the middle Deschutes River basin in Oregon, but was intended for general application to Pacific Northwest basins. To paramatize the model, we summarized available literature on salmonid habitat requirements. Habitat criteria were developed for discrete life history stages (i.e. spawning, egg survival, emergence, summer rearing, and winter rearing) and used to rate the quality of stream reaches as poor, fair, or good, based on attributes relating to stream substrate, habitat unit type, cover, gradient, temperature, and flow. Reach level summaries of stream habitat data were entered into MS Excel, and interpreted by a series of algorithms to provide a limiting factor assessment of potential egg-to-fry and fry-to-parr survival for each reach. Model output lists habitat quality by species and life stage for each reach of stream. The model is a decision making tool that is intended to provide a qualitative assessment of the habitat potential of stream reaches within a basin context. Design criteria for the model were simplicity, flexibility, and transparency. While HabRate was based on our interpretations of the published literature, specific criteria for habitat quality were structured to be easily adjusted where interpretations differ from ours. Information not common to standard stream survey designs, such as seasonal flow or temperature extremes can be included as input from professional judgment. The results were integrated into a GIS coverage coupled with the stream network and habitat data to provide a comprehensive map-based perspective of habitat quality in a watershed. Title: Habrate: A Limiting Factors Model for Accessing Stream Habitat Quality for Salmon and Steelhead in the Deschutes River Basin, 2010. Information Reports Number 2010-03 Abstract -- Fishery managers are commonly tasked with the basic question "Will the contemporary habitat above a barrier support the fish populations that historically resided in the watershed?" Managers in central Oregon were confronted with that question in an effort to reestablish fish populations in 375 kilometers of stream above the Round Butte-Pelton Dam complex (Rkm 161) on the Deschutes River. Stream surveys had been conducted in most of the available stream habitat, but had not been synthesized in a form that allowed managers to view the quality and complexity of stream habitat in an easily-understandable fashion. In response, we developed a limiting factors model (HabRate) that assessed the potential quality of stream habitat using stream survey data for each juvenile life stage of salmon and steelhead. The model was developed for a specific application to the middle Deschutes River basin in Oregon, but was intended for general application to Pacific Northwest basins. To paramatize the model, we summarized available literature on salmonid habitat requirements. Habitat criteria were developed for discrete life history stages (i.e. spawning, egg survival, emergence, summer rearing, and winter rearing) and used to rate the quality of stream reaches as poor, fair, or good, based on attributes relating to stream substrate, habitat unit type, cover, gradient, temperature, and flow. Reach level summaries of stream habitat data were entered into MS Excel, and interpreted by a series of algorithms to provide a limiting factor assessment of potential egg-to-fry and fry-to-parr survival for each reach. Model output lists habitat quality by species and life stage for each reach of stream. The model is a decision making tool that is intended to provide a qualitative assessment of the habitat potential of stream reaches within a basin context. Design criteria for the model were simplicity, flexibility, and transparency. While HabRate was based on our interpretations of the published literature, specific criteria for habitat quality were structured to be easily adjusted where interpretations differ from ours. Information not common to standard stream survey designs, such as seasonal flow or temperature extremes can be included as input from professional judgment. The results were integrated into a GIS coverage coupled with the stream network and habitat data to provide a comprehensive map-based perspective of habitat quality in a watershed. Close

• 9. [Article] Upper Nehelam Habitat Assessments - Winter 2006 & 2007

  Abstract -- Project staff utilized the ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol to assess habitat in selected small, medium, and large sized streams in the Upper Nehalem basin. In addition, the project personnel ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Upper Nehelam Habitat Assessments - Winter 2006 & 2007 Abstract -- Project staff utilized the ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol to assess habitat in selected small, medium, and large sized streams in the Upper Nehalem basin. In addition, the project personnel conducted a snorkeling survey to estimate juvenile salmonid distribution in these streams. The 2006 and 2007 habitat surveys completed the remaining non-surveyed Coho freshwater habitat streams found within the Upper Nehalem. During the 2006 and 2007 seasons we surveyed 218 stream reaches in 87 streams totaling 242.82 kilometers (150.54 miles) of habitat. In addition, the project staff snorkeled 445 pools within the surveyed areas. Title: Upper Nehelam Habitat Assessments - Winter 2006 & 2007 Abstract -- Project staff utilized the ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol to assess habitat in selected small, medium, and large sized streams in the Upper Nehalem basin. In addition, the project personnel conducted a snorkeling survey to estimate juvenile salmonid distribution in these streams. The 2006 and 2007 habitat surveys completed the remaining non-surveyed Coho freshwater habitat streams found within the Upper Nehalem. During the 2006 and 2007 seasons we surveyed 218 stream reaches in 87 streams totaling 242.82 kilometers (150.54 miles) of habitat. In addition, the project staff snorkeled 445 pools within the surveyed areas. Close

• 10. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2010 Annual Report

  Abstract -- Task 1.1: Distribution, Abundance, and Proportion of Hatchery and Natural-Origin Chinook Salmon: Counts of spring Chinook redds were similar in 2010 compared to the 2002–2009 averages for the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2010 Annual Report Abstract -- Task 1.1: Distribution, Abundance, and Proportion of Hatchery and Natural-Origin Chinook Salmon: Counts of spring Chinook redds were similar in 2010 compared to the 2002–2009 averages for the Middle Fork Willamette, McKenzie and the North Santiam rivers and significantly higher in the South Santiam River Preliminary analyses indicate that the proportions of hatchery fish recovered as carcasses from the spawning grounds varied significantly among all four surveyed sub-basins (South Santiam > M. Fork Willamette > North Santiam > McKenzie) Task 1.2: Monitor fin-clipped & unclipped fish passing Leaburg and Upper Bennett dams. Adult fish passage at Leaburg and Upper Bennett dams was continuously monitored in 2010. We estimated that 2,696 spring Chinook (52% unclipped) passed above Leaburg Dam and 5,956 passed above upper Bennett Dam (14% unclipped). Passage at Leaburg Dam of fin-clipped fish was strongly bimodal with peaks in June (coincident with passage of the majority of unclipped fish) and September (coincident with a smaller proportion of unclipped fish). This bimodal peak suggests that hatchery fish might be removed in September to reduce the proportion of hatchery origin spawners while simultaneously reducing the impacts of handling wild fish. Task 2.1: Collection, spawn timing, and Hatchery/Wild (H/W ) composition for broodstock management. Collection, spawn timing, and H/W composition for broodstock management were successfully monitored at all facilities in 2010. Task 2.2: Determine Survival of Outplanted Fish and Abundance of Spawners. Patterns of pre-spawning mortality were similar to results in 2009 with mortality below project dams significantly higher than that above project dams. We did not detect significant differences in mortality between clipped and unclipped spring Chinook. In comparisons of pre-spawning mortality among sub-basins above project dams, pre-spawning mortality was uniformly low in the Breitenbush and N. Santiam above Detroit, S. Santiam above Foster, and in the S. Fork McKenzie. Pre-spawning mortality was uniformly higher above project dams in the N. Fork Mid. Fork Willamette, Fall Creek and the Little N. Fork Santiam. No comprehensive surveys were conducted in the Middle Fork Willamette. Task 3.1: Determine the extent of summer steelhead reproduction in the wild: We developed a formal study plan to analyze and interpret genetic results from a collection of 299 tissue samples from unclipped juvenile steelhead at Willamette Falls, five from the mainstem Willamette River, and two from the South Santiam River in 2010 in addition to a single sample from an unclipped adult steelhead at the Minto fish collection facility. Samples were preserved 7 and cataloged and then shipped to the NOAA Fisheries Manchester, Washington (WA) laboratory for analysis. Task 3.2: Evaluate release strategies for summer steelhead to increase migration and reduce impacts on wild fish. Study plans to evaluate advantages and disadvantages of volitional release strategies were completed and presented in the 2009 annual report to USACE (Cannon et al. 2010). Funding to process the tissue samples was not available in 2010, and no progress was made in executing the proposed work. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2010 Annual Report Abstract -- Task 1.1: Distribution, Abundance, and Proportion of Hatchery and Natural-Origin Chinook Salmon: Counts of spring Chinook redds were similar in 2010 compared to the 2002–2009 averages for the Middle Fork Willamette, McKenzie and the North Santiam rivers and significantly higher in the South Santiam River Preliminary analyses indicate that the proportions of hatchery fish recovered as carcasses from the spawning grounds varied significantly among all four surveyed sub-basins (South Santiam > M. Fork Willamette > North Santiam > McKenzie) Task 1.2: Monitor fin-clipped & unclipped fish passing Leaburg and Upper Bennett dams. Adult fish passage at Leaburg and Upper Bennett dams was continuously monitored in 2010. We estimated that 2,696 spring Chinook (52% unclipped) passed above Leaburg Dam and 5,956 passed above upper Bennett Dam (14% unclipped). Passage at Leaburg Dam of fin-clipped fish was strongly bimodal with peaks in June (coincident with passage of the majority of unclipped fish) and September (coincident with a smaller proportion of unclipped fish). This bimodal peak suggests that hatchery fish might be removed in September to reduce the proportion of hatchery origin spawners while simultaneously reducing the impacts of handling wild fish. Task 2.1: Collection, spawn timing, and Hatchery/Wild (H/W ) composition for broodstock management. Collection, spawn timing, and H/W composition for broodstock management were successfully monitored at all facilities in 2010. Task 2.2: Determine Survival of Outplanted Fish and Abundance of Spawners. Patterns of pre-spawning mortality were similar to results in 2009 with mortality below project dams significantly higher than that above project dams. We did not detect significant differences in mortality between clipped and unclipped spring Chinook. In comparisons of pre-spawning mortality among sub-basins above project dams, pre-spawning mortality was uniformly low in the Breitenbush and N. Santiam above Detroit, S. Santiam above Foster, and in the S. Fork McKenzie. Pre-spawning mortality was uniformly higher above project dams in the N. Fork Mid. Fork Willamette, Fall Creek and the Little N. Fork Santiam. No comprehensive surveys were conducted in the Middle Fork Willamette. Task 3.1: Determine the extent of summer steelhead reproduction in the wild: We developed a formal study plan to analyze and interpret genetic results from a collection of 299 tissue samples from unclipped juvenile steelhead at Willamette Falls, five from the mainstem Willamette River, and two from the South Santiam River in 2010 in addition to a single sample from an unclipped adult steelhead at the Minto fish collection facility. Samples were preserved 7 and cataloged and then shipped to the NOAA Fisheries Manchester, Washington (WA) laboratory for analysis. Task 3.2: Evaluate release strategies for summer steelhead to increase migration and reduce impacts on wild fish. Study plans to evaluate advantages and disadvantages of volitional release strategies were completed and presented in the 2009 annual report to USACE (Cannon et al. 2010). Funding to process the tissue samples was not available in 2010, and no progress was made in executing the proposed work. Close

• 11. [Article] Work Completed for Compliance with the Biological Opinion for Hatchery Programs in the Willamette Basin USACE funding: 2004 Annual Report

  Abstract -- The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has listed spring chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and winter steelhead (O. mykiss) in the Upper Willamette River Evolutionarily Significant ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Work Completed for Compliance with the Biological Opinion for Hatchery Programs in the Willamette Basin USACE funding: 2004 Annual Report Abstract -- The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has listed spring chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and winter steelhead (O. mykiss) in the Upper Willamette River Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA; 64 FRN 14308; 64 FRN 14517). Concomitant with this listing, any actions taken or funded by a federal agency must be evaluated to assess whether these actions are likely to jeopardize the continued existence of threatened and endangered species, or result in the destruction or impairment of critical habitat. Several fish hatcheries operate within the ESU and may impact wild populations of listed species. Although all of the artificial propagation programs that potentially affect listed salmonids in the Upper Willamette River ESUs are operated by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife(ODFW), 90% of the funding for these operations comes from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE). Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation,increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, providing a genetic reserve in the case of extirpation, and providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring chinook and winter steelhead within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs four types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, creels to assess fisheries, monitoring of adult and juvenile migration through the use of traps and video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Title: Work Completed for Compliance with the Biological Opinion for Hatchery Programs in the Willamette Basin USACE funding: 2004 Annual Report Abstract -- The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has listed spring chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and winter steelhead (O. mykiss) in the Upper Willamette River Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA; 64 FRN 14308; 64 FRN 14517). Concomitant with this listing, any actions taken or funded by a federal agency must be evaluated to assess whether these actions are likely to jeopardize the continued existence of threatened and endangered species, or result in the destruction or impairment of critical habitat. Several fish hatcheries operate within the ESU and may impact wild populations of listed species. Although all of the artificial propagation programs that potentially affect listed salmonids in the Upper Willamette River ESUs are operated by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife(ODFW), 90% of the funding for these operations comes from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE). Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation,increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, providing a genetic reserve in the case of extirpation, and providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring chinook and winter steelhead within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs four types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, creels to assess fisheries, monitoring of adult and juvenile migration through the use of traps and video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Close

• 12. [Article] AI - Reference Site Selection and Survey Results 2000

  Abstract -- The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Aquatic Inventories Project conducts stream habitat surveys as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Reference Site Selection and Survey Results 2000 Abstract -- The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Aquatic Inventories Project conducts stream habitat surveys as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys is to document the status and trends of stream conditions that exist in coastal drainages of western Oregon. To better interpret landscape patterns in aquatic habitat character, the Aquatic Inventories Project has sought to improve the definition of a set of reference conditions from which to compare habitat survey sites. Over the past three years, the set of reference conditions used in analyses was selected from basin-wide habitat surveys conducted between 1992 and 1997. These conditions did not adequately represent the variety of stream sizes, geologic types, or ecoregions present in all coastal streams. The Aquatic Inventories Project selected a set of new reference survey locations that better represent reference conditions in coastal streams for a variety of ecoregions, geologic types, and basins. The reference sites selected for the year 2000 represented watershed areas with low impact from human activities such as roads, development, and forest management. Ideally, areas would have been selected that were completely free from human disturbance, but we concluded it was more important to represent a larger geographic range of conditions across the landscape. Title: AI - Reference Site Selection and Survey Results 2000 Abstract -- The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Aquatic Inventories Project conducts stream habitat surveys as part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys is to document the status and trends of stream conditions that exist in coastal drainages of western Oregon. To better interpret landscape patterns in aquatic habitat character, the Aquatic Inventories Project has sought to improve the definition of a set of reference conditions from which to compare habitat survey sites. Over the past three years, the set of reference conditions used in analyses was selected from basin-wide habitat surveys conducted between 1992 and 1997. These conditions did not adequately represent the variety of stream sizes, geologic types, or ecoregions present in all coastal streams. The Aquatic Inventories Project selected a set of new reference survey locations that better represent reference conditions in coastal streams for a variety of ecoregions, geologic types, and basins. The reference sites selected for the year 2000 represented watershed areas with low impact from human activities such as roads, development, and forest management. Ideally, areas would have been selected that were completely free from human disturbance, but we concluded it was more important to represent a larger geographic range of conditions across the landscape. Close

• 13. [Article] Lower Coast Fork Willamette River Watershed Assessment

  Abstract -- This watershed assessment of the lower Coast Fork Willamette (from the confluence with the Row River downstream to the confluence with the Middle Fork Willamette River) includes chapters on ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lower Coast Fork Willamette River Watershed Assessment Abstract -- This watershed assessment of the lower Coast Fork Willamette (from the confluence with the Row River downstream to the confluence with the Middle Fork Willamette River) includes chapters on land ownership; history and geology; hydrology and water use; channel habitat types; riparian zone conditions; wetland types, distribution and functions; sediment sources; water quality; stream channel modifications; fish populations and habitat; references; and numerous tables and charts. Existing information was supplemented by a Council-sponsored stream habitat inventory in some areas. The associated maps are in a separate pdf file. 87 pp. Title: Lower Coast Fork Willamette River Watershed Assessment Abstract -- This watershed assessment of the lower Coast Fork Willamette (from the confluence with the Row River downstream to the confluence with the Middle Fork Willamette River) includes chapters on land ownership; history and geology; hydrology and water use; channel habitat types; riparian zone conditions; wetland types, distribution and functions; sediment sources; water quality; stream channel modifications; fish populations and habitat; references; and numerous tables and charts. Existing information was supplemented by a Council-sponsored stream habitat inventory in some areas. The associated maps are in a separate pdf file. 87 pp. Close

• 14. [Article] Remote Sensing Survey of the Walla Walla River Basin, Thermal Infrared and Color Videography

  Abstract -- In August 2000, Oregon DEQ contracted with Watershed Sciences, LLC to use Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) techniques to map and assess stream temperatures in portions of the Walla Walla River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Remote Sensing Survey of the Walla Walla River Basin, Thermal Infrared and Color Videography Abstract -- In August 2000, Oregon DEQ contracted with Watershed Sciences, LLC to use Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) techniques to map and assess stream temperatures in portions of the Walla Walla River basin. This report contains images and analysis of that effort. Title: Remote Sensing Survey of the Walla Walla River Basin, Thermal Infrared and Color Videography Abstract -- In August 2000, Oregon DEQ contracted with Watershed Sciences, LLC to use Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) techniques to map and assess stream temperatures in portions of the Walla Walla River basin. This report contains images and analysis of that effort. Close

• 15. [Article] NF - Sand Roller Investigations in the Willamette River Drainage, Annual Progress Report

  Abstract -- The purpose of this investigation was to determine the status and distribution of sand roller Percopsis transmontana populations in the Willamette River basin. Sand rollers are rare and endemic ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: NF - Sand Roller Investigations in the Willamette River Drainage, Annual Progress Report Abstract -- The purpose of this investigation was to determine the status and distribution of sand roller Percopsis transmontana populations in the Willamette River basin. Sand rollers are rare and endemic to the lower Columbia River drainage, including the Willamette River and its tributaries. Historical records are scarce. In 1945, R.E. Dimick and F. Merryfield found sand rollers to be localized in the Willamette River from Albany to Springfield, Santiam River, Rickreall Creek, Mary’s River, and the Coast Fork Willamette River. The Oregon State University museum collection has samples from the following Willamette River drainages: Coast and Middle Forks of the Willamette River, Mary’s River, Luckiamute River, Molalla River, Mill Creek, Long Tom River, and Santiam River. Their preferred habitat is quiet backwaters and pool margins of small to large rivers, usually near vegetation and woody debris over sand. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife surveyed historic and recently documented locations in 2005 to determine the current status and distribution of sandrollers in the Willamette River basin. Sand rollers were collected from at least one location in most of the major Willamette River subbasins sampled. Title: NF - Sand Roller Investigations in the Willamette River Drainage, Annual Progress Report Abstract -- The purpose of this investigation was to determine the status and distribution of sand roller Percopsis transmontana populations in the Willamette River basin. Sand rollers are rare and endemic to the lower Columbia River drainage, including the Willamette River and its tributaries. Historical records are scarce. In 1945, R.E. Dimick and F. Merryfield found sand rollers to be localized in the Willamette River from Albany to Springfield, Santiam River, Rickreall Creek, Mary’s River, and the Coast Fork Willamette River. The Oregon State University museum collection has samples from the following Willamette River drainages: Coast and Middle Forks of the Willamette River, Mary’s River, Luckiamute River, Molalla River, Mill Creek, Long Tom River, and Santiam River. Their preferred habitat is quiet backwaters and pool margins of small to large rivers, usually near vegetation and woody debris over sand. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife surveyed historic and recently documented locations in 2005 to determine the current status and distribution of sandrollers in the Willamette River basin. Sand rollers were collected from at least one location in most of the major Willamette River subbasins sampled. Close

• 16. [Article] AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Tillamook Study Area

  Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Tillamook Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Tillamook drainage to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Tillamook Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Tillamook drainage to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Close

• 17. [Article] AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry North Cascade Study Area

  Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry North Cascade Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the North Cascade management areas to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry North Cascade Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the North Cascade management areas to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Close

• 18. [Article] AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Lower Nehalem and Necanicum Study Area

  Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Lower Nehalem and Necanicum Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Lower Nehalem and Necanicum River drainages to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Lower Nehalem and Necanicum Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Lower Nehalem and Necanicum River drainages to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Close

• 19. [Article] AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Elliot Study Area

  Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synt hesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Elliot Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synt hesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Elliott State Forest study area, which includes portions of the Coos, Umpqua, and Tenmile Lake drainages, to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish abundance, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Elliot Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synt hesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Elliott State Forest study area, which includes portions of the Coos, Umpqua, and Tenmile Lake drainages, to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish abundance, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Close

• 20. [Article] AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Upper Nehalem and Clatskanie Study Area

  Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Upper Nehalem and Clatskanie Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the upper Nehalem and Clatskanie River drainages to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department of Forestry Upper Nehalem and Clatskanie Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the upper Nehalem and Clatskanie River drainages to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities form the basis of the analyses. Close

• 21. [Article] AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department Of Forestry Miamii Study Area

  Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department Of Forestry Miamii Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Miami River drainage to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities will be the basis of the analyses. Title: AI - Fish Habitat Assessment in The Oregon Department Of Forestry Miamii Study Area Abstract -- A collaborative project between the Oregon Department of Forestry (ODF) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) was initiated to synthesize aquatic habitat and fisheries information for the Miami River drainage to assist in the development of operational management plans, stream habitat restoration projects, habitat conservation planning, and watershed analysis. The project summarizes the condition of stream habitat, the distribution and abundance of salmonid fishes, and the potential for restoration. The ODFW Aquatic Inventories Project has conducted stream habitat surveys as part of its basin survey project and habitat assessment project under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. The goal of these surveys was to document the status and trends of stream conditions in coastal drainages. These surveys in conjunction with fish distribution, fish presence, potential barriers to passage, and past restoration activities will be the basis of the analyses. Close

• 22. [Article] ODFW Rogue Adult Fish Presence Survey Final Report

  Abstract -- The report contains field season information for 2001-2003. The specific objectives of this project are 1) to determine the upper limits of fish distribution in previously unsurveyed streams ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: ODFW Rogue Adult Fish Presence Survey Final Report Abstract -- The report contains field season information for 2001-2003. The specific objectives of this project are 1) to determine the upper limits of fish distribution in previously unsurveyed streams in the Rogue Basin and 2) to locate and describe artificial barriers to fish passage. The report contains methods, results, discussion, and summary tables. Title: ODFW Rogue Adult Fish Presence Survey Final Report Abstract -- The report contains field season information for 2001-2003. The specific objectives of this project are 1) to determine the upper limits of fish distribution in previously unsurveyed streams in the Rogue Basin and 2) to locate and describe artificial barriers to fish passage. The report contains methods, results, discussion, and summary tables. Close

• 23. [Article] MWBTRP - Middle Fork Willamette Basin Bull Trout Rehabilitation and Monitoring Project, Annual Progress Report 2005

  Abstract -- Bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette Basin once moved uninhibited back and forth from spawning and rearing habitats near Diamond Peak to foraging and overwintering habitats lower in the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MWBTRP - Middle Fork Willamette Basin Bull Trout Rehabilitation and Monitoring Project, Annual Progress Report 2005 Abstract -- Bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette Basin once moved uninhibited back and forth from spawning and rearing habitats near Diamond Peak to foraging and overwintering habitats lower in the basin. Construction of Dexter, Lookout Point and Hills Creek dams in the 1950s and 1960s without fish passage fragmented the habitat and limited the range of the population to above Hills Creek Dam. This population declined and the last confirmed bull trout sighting above Hills Creek dam was a photograph taken by an angler in 1990. Buchanan et al. (1997) described bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette River as “probably extinct” after extensive surveys from 1993 through 1997 failed to observe any bull trout. In 1997 the US Forest Service and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife began a program to reestablish bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette. More than 10,000 bull trout fry have been transferred from the relatively healthy McKenzie population to the Middle Fork Willamette River. Adult bull trout are once again present in the Middle Fork Willamette, although natural reproduction has not been documented. Title: MWBTRP - Middle Fork Willamette Basin Bull Trout Rehabilitation and Monitoring Project, Annual Progress Report 2005 Abstract -- Bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette Basin once moved uninhibited back and forth from spawning and rearing habitats near Diamond Peak to foraging and overwintering habitats lower in the basin. Construction of Dexter, Lookout Point and Hills Creek dams in the 1950s and 1960s without fish passage fragmented the habitat and limited the range of the population to above Hills Creek Dam. This population declined and the last confirmed bull trout sighting above Hills Creek dam was a photograph taken by an angler in 1990. Buchanan et al. (1997) described bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette River as “probably extinct” after extensive surveys from 1993 through 1997 failed to observe any bull trout. In 1997 the US Forest Service and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife began a program to reestablish bull trout in the Middle Fork Willamette. More than 10,000 bull trout fry have been transferred from the relatively healthy McKenzie population to the Middle Fork Willamette River. Adult bull trout are once again present in the Middle Fork Willamette, although natural reproduction has not been documented. Close

• 24. [Article] Methods for Stream Habitat Surveys: Aquatic Inventories Project Information Reports 2007-01

  Abstract -- The Aquatic Inventories Project is designed to provide quantitative information on habitat condition for streams throughout Oregon. This information is used to provide basic information for ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Methods for Stream Habitat Surveys: Aquatic Inventories Project Information Reports 2007-01 Abstract -- The Aquatic Inventories Project is designed to provide quantitative information on habitat condition for streams throughout Oregon. This information is used to provide basic information for biologists and land managers, to establish monitoring programs, and to direct or focus habitat restoration efforts. Development of an Aquatic Inventories Project began within the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1989 with sponsorship by the Restoration and Enhancement Program. Drafting of stream survey methods and implementation of field work began in 1990. The conceptual background for this work came from the experience of project staff and from interactions with Oregon State University, forest industry, and USFS PNW research scientists (Bisson et al. 1982, Grant 1986, Everest et al. 1987, Hankin and Reeves 1988, Moore and Gregory 1989, and Gregory et al. 1991). Significant contributions and review of these methods were provided by ODFW research staff, and from consultation with ODFW and United States Forest Service (USFS) biologists working on similar programs. Members of the Umpqua Basin Fisheries Restoration Initiative and the Oregon Forest Industry Council have provided additional review and consultation. This methodology was designed to be compatible with other stream habitat inventories and classification systems (i.e., Rosgen 1985, Frissell et al. 1986, Cupp 1989, Ralph 1989, USFS Region 6 Level II Inventory 1992, and Hawkins et al. 1993). This compatibility is achieved by systematically identifying and quantifying valley and stream geomorphic features. The resulting matrix of measurements and spatial relationships can then be generalized into frequently occurring valley and channel types or translated into the nomenclature of a particular system. For example, information summarized at the reach level (valley width, channel type, slope, terrace height and width, sinuosity, width, depth, substrate, eroding banks, etc.) can be used to characterize the stream into one of the types described by Rosgen (1985) or to match the parameters collected in other quantitative (USFS) or historic (U.S. Bureau of Fisheries) surveys. The process of conducting a stream survey involves collection of general information from maps and other sources and the direct observation of stream characteristics in the field. This information is both collected and analyzed based on a hierarchical system of regions, basins, streams, reaches, and habitat units. Supervisors are responsible for collecting the general information on regions and basins and for directing the activities of the survey crews. Survey teams will collect field data based on stream, reach and channel unit characteristics. Region and basin data will primarily come from ODFW-EPA region and sub region classifications, and from map analysis. The following instructions and definitions provide the outline for these activities and a description of the tasks involved in conducting ODFW’s stream habitat inventory. Each field crew is comprised of two people with each member responsible for specific tasks. The "Estimator" will focus on the identification of channel unit characteristics. The "Numerator" will focus on the counts and relative distribution of several unit attributes and will verify the length and width estimates for a subset of units. The "Estimator" and "Numerator" share the responsibility for describing reach characteristics, riparian conditions, identifying habitat unit types, and for quantifying the amount of large woody debris. Crew members may switch responsibility for estimator or numerator when they start a new stream. They will not, however, switch estimator and numerator jobs on the same stream. Title: Methods for Stream Habitat Surveys: Aquatic Inventories Project Information Reports 2007-01 Abstract -- The Aquatic Inventories Project is designed to provide quantitative information on habitat condition for streams throughout Oregon. This information is used to provide basic information for biologists and land managers, to establish monitoring programs, and to direct or focus habitat restoration efforts. Development of an Aquatic Inventories Project began within the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1989 with sponsorship by the Restoration and Enhancement Program. Drafting of stream survey methods and implementation of field work began in 1990. The conceptual background for this work came from the experience of project staff and from interactions with Oregon State University, forest industry, and USFS PNW research scientists (Bisson et al. 1982, Grant 1986, Everest et al. 1987, Hankin and Reeves 1988, Moore and Gregory 1989, and Gregory et al. 1991). Significant contributions and review of these methods were provided by ODFW research staff, and from consultation with ODFW and United States Forest Service (USFS) biologists working on similar programs. Members of the Umpqua Basin Fisheries Restoration Initiative and the Oregon Forest Industry Council have provided additional review and consultation. This methodology was designed to be compatible with other stream habitat inventories and classification systems (i.e., Rosgen 1985, Frissell et al. 1986, Cupp 1989, Ralph 1989, USFS Region 6 Level II Inventory 1992, and Hawkins et al. 1993). This compatibility is achieved by systematically identifying and quantifying valley and stream geomorphic features. The resulting matrix of measurements and spatial relationships can then be generalized into frequently occurring valley and channel types or translated into the nomenclature of a particular system. For example, information summarized at the reach level (valley width, channel type, slope, terrace height and width, sinuosity, width, depth, substrate, eroding banks, etc.) can be used to characterize the stream into one of the types described by Rosgen (1985) or to match the parameters collected in other quantitative (USFS) or historic (U.S. Bureau of Fisheries) surveys. The process of conducting a stream survey involves collection of general information from maps and other sources and the direct observation of stream characteristics in the field. This information is both collected and analyzed based on a hierarchical system of regions, basins, streams, reaches, and habitat units. Supervisors are responsible for collecting the general information on regions and basins and for directing the activities of the survey crews. Survey teams will collect field data based on stream, reach and channel unit characteristics. Region and basin data will primarily come from ODFW-EPA region and sub region classifications, and from map analysis. The following instructions and definitions provide the outline for these activities and a description of the tasks involved in conducting ODFW’s stream habitat inventory. Each field crew is comprised of two people with each member responsible for specific tasks. The "Estimator" will focus on the identification of channel unit characteristics. The "Numerator" will focus on the counts and relative distribution of several unit attributes and will verify the length and width estimates for a subset of units. The "Estimator" and "Numerator" share the responsibility for describing reach characteristics, riparian conditions, identifying habitat unit types, and for quantifying the amount of large woody debris. Crew members may switch responsibility for estimator or numerator when they start a new stream. They will not, however, switch estimator and numerator jobs on the same stream. Close

• 25. [Article] Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification study, 2004

  Abstract -- Monitoring the status of salmonids in Oregon coastal streams is an important component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW’s) contribution to the Oregon Plan for Salmon and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification study, 2004 Abstract -- Monitoring the status of salmonids in Oregon coastal streams is an important component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW’s) contribution to the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. Since 1998, ODFW has implemented a probabilistic sampling design (Stevens 2002) to monitor adult and juvenile coho in Oregon coastal streams, and in 2002, ODFW expanded its monitoring program to include juvenile steelhead. Title: Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification study, 2004 Abstract -- Monitoring the status of salmonids in Oregon coastal streams is an important component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW’s) contribution to the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. Since 1998, ODFW has implemented a probabilistic sampling design (Stevens 2002) to monitor adult and juvenile coho in Oregon coastal streams, and in 2002, ODFW expanded its monitoring program to include juvenile steelhead. Close

• 26. [Article] 2002 Lower Nehelam Habitat Assessment Project

  Abstract -- ODFW's Aquatic Inventory protocol was used in 2003 to assess habitat in selected streams (40km total) in the Nehalem basin. Snorkel surveys were also conducted to estimate juvenile salmonid ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 2002 Lower Nehelam Habitat Assessment Project Abstract -- ODFW's Aquatic Inventory protocol was used in 2003 to assess habitat in selected streams (40km total) in the Nehalem basin. Snorkel surveys were also conducted to estimate juvenile salmonid abundance in these streams. This report identifies locations in the survey area where large wood placements would enhance fish habitat. Existing wood placements were evaluated for effectiveness. Title: 2002 Lower Nehelam Habitat Assessment Project Abstract -- ODFW's Aquatic Inventory protocol was used in 2003 to assess habitat in selected streams (40km total) in the Nehalem basin. Snorkel surveys were also conducted to estimate juvenile salmonid abundance in these streams. This report identifies locations in the survey area where large wood placements would enhance fish habitat. Existing wood placements were evaluated for effectiveness. Close

• 27. [Article] Effectiveness Monitoring Report for the Western Oregon Stream Restoration Program, 1999-2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2010-6

  Abstract -- State and federal agencies have invested millions of dollars to restore streams and watersheds in the Pacific Northwest over the past two decades. In Oregon alone, over 500 million dollars ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effectiveness Monitoring Report for the Western Oregon Stream Restoration Program, 1999-2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2010-6 Abstract -- State and federal agencies have invested millions of dollars to restore streams and watersheds in the Pacific Northwest over the past two decades. In Oregon alone, over 500 million dollars has been spent on completed projects from 1995 to 2007 (Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board 2009). Restoration practitioners have distributed the investment among watershed scale activities such as road repair, dam removal, and upland management, and stream scale activities such as passage, instream complexity, and riparian plantings. The Western Oregon Stream Restoration Program (WOSRP) was established to work in cooperation with private and corporate landowners to restore stream habitat for juvenile and adult salmonids. In addition to the WOSRP, the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB) funds restoration projects with local watershed councils, who commonly partner with state and federal agencies. Eight WOSRP restoration biologists in Tillamook, Newport, Charleston, Gold Beach, Roseburg, Clackamas, and Salem select sites and implement projects consistent with the criteria described in Thom et al (2001). A monitoring component is integrated in the program, with surveys coordinated and reported by a biologist in Corvallis. The goal of the monitoring program is to assess the long term effectiveness of instream restoration projects implemented by WOSRP, and to evaluate progress towards salmon conservation and recovery goals in Oregon’s coastal basins. The WOSRP restoration sites are distributed throughout the Willamette, Lower Columbia, and coastal drainage's. Restoration treatments added large wood and/or boulders, improved fish passage, planted trees in riparian areas, or were a combination of the three. Large wood was placed in complex jams at intervals throughout the stream to increase stream roughness and complexity. Boulders were sometimes used in conjunction with wood jams to provide stability to the structures, and prevent large wood from moving downstream and posing a hazard to culverts and bridges. Bedrock dominated streams were often treated with boulders to collect gravel and cobble, intended to aggrade the streambed. In the future, large wood may be added to these streams. Fish passage projects opened previously inaccessible habitat to juvenile and/or adult salmonids while riparian plantings and fencing were designed to improve riparian vegetation and bank structure. The project length varied from site to site. Fish passage sites were quite short, but provided access to kilometers of fish habitat, and large wood sites were up to several kilometers in length. Large wood and boulder placement projects have become commonplace in the Pacific Northwest to restore complex stream habitat for juvenile coho and other salmonids (Katz et al. 2007, Roni et al. 2008). Detailed assessments have been published for individual projects or experiments (e.g. Moore and Gregory, 1988, Nickelson et al. 1992, Cederholm et al.1997). More extensive evaluations have used a post treatment design (Hicks et al 1991, Roni and Quinn 2001), but none have used a pre- and post treatment design. In this paper we evaluate habitat changes at 103 restoration projects in western Oregon from pre-treatment to one year post treatment to 6 years following treatment. Projects commonly treated 0.5 – 1 km of stream, but some extended up to 6 km. The projects we evaluated in this paper were treated with large logs, usually arranged in jams, and were not cabled or driven into banks or bottom. As of 2008, the OWEB and WOSRP projects have treated approximately 750 km of stream with large wood (Figure 1), 120 km with boulders, and over 4,000 km of stream have been made accessible by replacing and/or removing culverts. Each year, OWEB receives 210 grant applications for restoration projects. These projects generally adhere to a similar selection process and design, so the results of this study can be expected to apply more broadly within the Pacific Northwest. Roni et al (2008), in a synthesis paper, summarized many of the potential physical benefits of restoration; these include pool depth and frequency, habitat complexity, woody debris, and sediment retention and quality of spawning gravel. Some projects in deeply incised channels have reduced the incision and increased bed elevation. Evaluations of biological responses have been confounded by natural variability of populations, duration of study, or length of stream examined. For example, determination of success based on spawning ground counts is problematic because of variation in ocean survival. However, longer duration and watershed scale studies have shown positive responses of juvenile and adult salmon (Johnson et al 2005). Burnett et al. (2008) conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles to examine the effects of large wood placement on salmonid abundance, growth, or survival, or on overall stream habitat complexity. Few publications were both relevant and met the rigorous standards outlined in their review. Although the review supported short term improvements in habitat complexity, the relationship to salmonid productivity was less definitive. Notable exceptions included Johnson et al. (2005) cited above, and Solazzi et al. (2000). An alternative approach to directly assessing biological response is to model potential changes in abundance or productivity. The Habitat Limiting Factors Model (Reeves et al. 1989, Nickelson et al.1992a, Nickelson 1998) was developed to quantify the carrying capacity of coastal streams for juvenile coho during the summer and winter. Use of this model is appropriate because most of the instream restoration projects in western Oregon were intended to improve habitat for juvenile coho. In this paper, we evaluated the physical response directly, and quantified the potential response of juvenile coho salmon by application of the Habitat Limiting Factors Model. Project effectiveness monitoring requires linking the restoration treatment to improved physical conditions for and biological response of salmon (Katz et al. 2007) and defining desired outcomes (Rumps et al. 2007). Because the WOSRP projects were designed to improve ecological and hydrologic stream function specifically for salmonids, we evaluated 1) retention of wood structures, 2) natural recruitment of additional wood, 3) increase in pool number, area, and depth, 4) retention of gravels and sorting of finer substrates, and 5) increase in channel complexity – secondary channels and off-channel habitats. Biological evaluation was based on estimates of the potential carrying capacity for juvenile coho during the overwinter life stage. The primary objectives of this evaluation are to test for these changes one year following treatment and 6 years following treatment. Secondarily, we evaluated the response of the projects by geographic location and position along the stream network. Previous WOSRP monitoring reports (e.g. Jacobsen and Jones 2003, Jacobsen et al. 2007) have focused on conditions one year following treatment, with relatively few sites assessed 2-3 years following restoration. Since 2003, the restoration projects have increased in complexity – more and larger pieces and jams, and treated more kilometers of stream length per site. The WOSRP program has provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effects of restoration projects over longer times and broader geographic scales than previously feasible. We have been surveying the restoration sites in both summer and winter to monitor changes in stream habitat and evaluate the success of treatments, such as the placement of wood and/or boulders and fish passage. Surveys are logistically easier to manage in the summer, but surveys conducted during the winter provide a more timely and accurate assessment of over-winter rearing potential for juvenile coho. Because we have paired surveys, we are able to assess the added value of revisits across seasons. We test the hypothesis that habitat characteristics at the restoration sites do not change from summer to winter. The findings permit us to modify the survey program if the information is duplicative, and use the resources in another fashion. Title: Effectiveness Monitoring Report for the Western Oregon Stream Restoration Program, 1999-2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2010-6 Abstract -- State and federal agencies have invested millions of dollars to restore streams and watersheds in the Pacific Northwest over the past two decades. In Oregon alone, over 500 million dollars has been spent on completed projects from 1995 to 2007 (Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board 2009). Restoration practitioners have distributed the investment among watershed scale activities such as road repair, dam removal, and upland management, and stream scale activities such as passage, instream complexity, and riparian plantings. The Western Oregon Stream Restoration Program (WOSRP) was established to work in cooperation with private and corporate landowners to restore stream habitat for juvenile and adult salmonids. In addition to the WOSRP, the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB) funds restoration projects with local watershed councils, who commonly partner with state and federal agencies. Eight WOSRP restoration biologists in Tillamook, Newport, Charleston, Gold Beach, Roseburg, Clackamas, and Salem select sites and implement projects consistent with the criteria described in Thom et al (2001). A monitoring component is integrated in the program, with surveys coordinated and reported by a biologist in Corvallis. The goal of the monitoring program is to assess the long term effectiveness of instream restoration projects implemented by WOSRP, and to evaluate progress towards salmon conservation and recovery goals in Oregon’s coastal basins. The WOSRP restoration sites are distributed throughout the Willamette, Lower Columbia, and coastal drainage's. Restoration treatments added large wood and/or boulders, improved fish passage, planted trees in riparian areas, or were a combination of the three. Large wood was placed in complex jams at intervals throughout the stream to increase stream roughness and complexity. Boulders were sometimes used in conjunction with wood jams to provide stability to the structures, and prevent large wood from moving downstream and posing a hazard to culverts and bridges. Bedrock dominated streams were often treated with boulders to collect gravel and cobble, intended to aggrade the streambed. In the future, large wood may be added to these streams. Fish passage projects opened previously inaccessible habitat to juvenile and/or adult salmonids while riparian plantings and fencing were designed to improve riparian vegetation and bank structure. The project length varied from site to site. Fish passage sites were quite short, but provided access to kilometers of fish habitat, and large wood sites were up to several kilometers in length. Large wood and boulder placement projects have become commonplace in the Pacific Northwest to restore complex stream habitat for juvenile coho and other salmonids (Katz et al. 2007, Roni et al. 2008). Detailed assessments have been published for individual projects or experiments (e.g. Moore and Gregory, 1988, Nickelson et al. 1992, Cederholm et al.1997). More extensive evaluations have used a post treatment design (Hicks et al 1991, Roni and Quinn 2001), but none have used a pre- and post treatment design. In this paper we evaluate habitat changes at 103 restoration projects in western Oregon from pre-treatment to one year post treatment to 6 years following treatment. Projects commonly treated 0.5 – 1 km of stream, but some extended up to 6 km. The projects we evaluated in this paper were treated with large logs, usually arranged in jams, and were not cabled or driven into banks or bottom. As of 2008, the OWEB and WOSRP projects have treated approximately 750 km of stream with large wood (Figure 1), 120 km with boulders, and over 4,000 km of stream have been made accessible by replacing and/or removing culverts. Each year, OWEB receives 210 grant applications for restoration projects. These projects generally adhere to a similar selection process and design, so the results of this study can be expected to apply more broadly within the Pacific Northwest. Roni et al (2008), in a synthesis paper, summarized many of the potential physical benefits of restoration; these include pool depth and frequency, habitat complexity, woody debris, and sediment retention and quality of spawning gravel. Some projects in deeply incised channels have reduced the incision and increased bed elevation. Evaluations of biological responses have been confounded by natural variability of populations, duration of study, or length of stream examined. For example, determination of success based on spawning ground counts is problematic because of variation in ocean survival. However, longer duration and watershed scale studies have shown positive responses of juvenile and adult salmon (Johnson et al 2005). Burnett et al. (2008) conducted a systematic review of peer-reviewed articles to examine the effects of large wood placement on salmonid abundance, growth, or survival, or on overall stream habitat complexity. Few publications were both relevant and met the rigorous standards outlined in their review. Although the review supported short term improvements in habitat complexity, the relationship to salmonid productivity was less definitive. Notable exceptions included Johnson et al. (2005) cited above, and Solazzi et al. (2000). An alternative approach to directly assessing biological response is to model potential changes in abundance or productivity. The Habitat Limiting Factors Model (Reeves et al. 1989, Nickelson et al.1992a, Nickelson 1998) was developed to quantify the carrying capacity of coastal streams for juvenile coho during the summer and winter. Use of this model is appropriate because most of the instream restoration projects in western Oregon were intended to improve habitat for juvenile coho. In this paper, we evaluated the physical response directly, and quantified the potential response of juvenile coho salmon by application of the Habitat Limiting Factors Model. Project effectiveness monitoring requires linking the restoration treatment to improved physical conditions for and biological response of salmon (Katz et al. 2007) and defining desired outcomes (Rumps et al. 2007). Because the WOSRP projects were designed to improve ecological and hydrologic stream function specifically for salmonids, we evaluated 1) retention of wood structures, 2) natural recruitment of additional wood, 3) increase in pool number, area, and depth, 4) retention of gravels and sorting of finer substrates, and 5) increase in channel complexity – secondary channels and off-channel habitats. Biological evaluation was based on estimates of the potential carrying capacity for juvenile coho during the overwinter life stage. The primary objectives of this evaluation are to test for these changes one year following treatment and 6 years following treatment. Secondarily, we evaluated the response of the projects by geographic location and position along the stream network. Previous WOSRP monitoring reports (e.g. Jacobsen and Jones 2003, Jacobsen et al. 2007) have focused on conditions one year following treatment, with relatively few sites assessed 2-3 years following restoration. Since 2003, the restoration projects have increased in complexity – more and larger pieces and jams, and treated more kilometers of stream length per site. The WOSRP program has provided a unique opportunity to evaluate the effects of restoration projects over longer times and broader geographic scales than previously feasible. We have been surveying the restoration sites in both summer and winter to monitor changes in stream habitat and evaluate the success of treatments, such as the placement of wood and/or boulders and fish passage. Surveys are logistically easier to manage in the summer, but surveys conducted during the winter provide a more timely and accurate assessment of over-winter rearing potential for juvenile coho. Because we have paired surveys, we are able to assess the added value of revisits across seasons. We test the hypothesis that habitat characteristics at the restoration sites do not change from summer to winter. The findings permit us to modify the survey program if the information is duplicative, and use the resources in another fashion. Close

• 28. [Article] Stream Habitat Conditions in Western Oregon 2005 Monitoring Report Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2007-5

  Abstract -- Monitoring programs under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds were designed to assess the status and trend in fish populations and aquatic habitat in Oregon’s coastal basins. Although ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stream Habitat Conditions in Western Oregon 2005 Monitoring Report Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2007-5 Abstract -- Monitoring programs under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds were designed to assess the status and trend in fish populations and aquatic habitat in Oregon’s coastal basins. Although the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds was initiated in response to the petition to list Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), monitoring was subsequently expanded to include other salmonids. Through coordinated surveys we are able to evaluate freshwater habitat, fish distribution, and abundance of juvenile and adult coho salmon and steelhead trout. The habitat survey project has the broadest geographic scope of inference and ties to other program components as well – basin surveys, surveys at habitat restoration sites, adult and juvenile coho surveys, and life cycle watersheds (Flitcroft et al. 2002). The Oregon Plan facilitated cooperation and partnerships to study the contemporary life history dynamics of coho salmon in the Oregon coastal ESU (Evolutionary Significant Unit). A viability and status assessment of Oregon coastal Coho (Chilcote 2005) and the Conservation Plan for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionary Significant Unit (Nicholas 2006) evaluated the relationship of aquatic habitat to the productivity of coho salmon populations and recommended actions to promote recovery. The habitat portion of the viability assessment was based on a review of aquatic and riparian habitat collected by the Aquatic Inventories Project (ODFW) from 1990 to 2004 (Rodgers et al. 2005). The authors of the habitat assessment (Rodgers et al 2005) and viability assessment (Chilcote 2005) concluded that coho productivity in 22 coastal coho populations was limited by the complexity of stream habitat used by juvenile coho during their first winter of freshwater residence. The term “stream complexity” integrates geomorphic and structural characteristics of streams and associated aquatic habitat. Complex geomorphic features may be observed in low gradient streams flowing through wide valley floors with multiple channels and off-channel habitats. Structural complexity refers to the size and configuration of pools, large wood pieces and jams, substrate, and undercut banks. The combination of geomorphic and structural features provides cover and refugia during high winter flows for juvenile coho. Stream reaches that can or have the potential to create these conditions are commonly located in lower reaches of moderate size streams in areas with wide valley floors and are considered to contain high quality habitat for juvenile coho. Burnett et al. (2007) developed spatial models to estimate high-quality habitat rearing potential, termed intrinsic potential, in coastal streams. A stream’s intrinsic potential was modeled using valley width, gradient, and stream flow. Historically, streams identified as having high intrinsic potential may have been the most productive for juvenile coho salmon; restoration of these reaches may be the key to recovery of coho salmon. The viability assessment and Coho Plan recommend that we monitor the trends in total amount and spatial distribution of these habitats in coastal drainages. This report discusses the findings from aquatic habitat surveys conducted in summer 2005 in coastal drainages. Our objectives are to describe and compare channel morphology, instream habitat and complexity, and riparian conditions in all wadeable streams in five monitoring areas. The sample design permitted us to post stratify the sample sites into three additional frames: sites within coho and steelhead distribution, sites outside coho distribution, and sites within high intrinsic potential for coho. We also used two habitat models to integrate habitat attributes to describe the habitat quality and capacity for different life stages of juvenile coho and steelhead. Title: Stream Habitat Conditions in Western Oregon 2005 Monitoring Report Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2007-5 Abstract -- Monitoring programs under the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds were designed to assess the status and trend in fish populations and aquatic habitat in Oregon’s coastal basins. Although the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds was initiated in response to the petition to list Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), monitoring was subsequently expanded to include other salmonids. Through coordinated surveys we are able to evaluate freshwater habitat, fish distribution, and abundance of juvenile and adult coho salmon and steelhead trout. The habitat survey project has the broadest geographic scope of inference and ties to other program components as well – basin surveys, surveys at habitat restoration sites, adult and juvenile coho surveys, and life cycle watersheds (Flitcroft et al. 2002). The Oregon Plan facilitated cooperation and partnerships to study the contemporary life history dynamics of coho salmon in the Oregon coastal ESU (Evolutionary Significant Unit). A viability and status assessment of Oregon coastal Coho (Chilcote 2005) and the Conservation Plan for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionary Significant Unit (Nicholas 2006) evaluated the relationship of aquatic habitat to the productivity of coho salmon populations and recommended actions to promote recovery. The habitat portion of the viability assessment was based on a review of aquatic and riparian habitat collected by the Aquatic Inventories Project (ODFW) from 1990 to 2004 (Rodgers et al. 2005). The authors of the habitat assessment (Rodgers et al 2005) and viability assessment (Chilcote 2005) concluded that coho productivity in 22 coastal coho populations was limited by the complexity of stream habitat used by juvenile coho during their first winter of freshwater residence. The term “stream complexity” integrates geomorphic and structural characteristics of streams and associated aquatic habitat. Complex geomorphic features may be observed in low gradient streams flowing through wide valley floors with multiple channels and off-channel habitats. Structural complexity refers to the size and configuration of pools, large wood pieces and jams, substrate, and undercut banks. The combination of geomorphic and structural features provides cover and refugia during high winter flows for juvenile coho. Stream reaches that can or have the potential to create these conditions are commonly located in lower reaches of moderate size streams in areas with wide valley floors and are considered to contain high quality habitat for juvenile coho. Burnett et al. (2007) developed spatial models to estimate high-quality habitat rearing potential, termed intrinsic potential, in coastal streams. A stream’s intrinsic potential was modeled using valley width, gradient, and stream flow. Historically, streams identified as having high intrinsic potential may have been the most productive for juvenile coho salmon; restoration of these reaches may be the key to recovery of coho salmon. The viability assessment and Coho Plan recommend that we monitor the trends in total amount and spatial distribution of these habitats in coastal drainages. This report discusses the findings from aquatic habitat surveys conducted in summer 2005 in coastal drainages. Our objectives are to describe and compare channel morphology, instream habitat and complexity, and riparian conditions in all wadeable streams in five monitoring areas. The sample design permitted us to post stratify the sample sites into three additional frames: sites within coho and steelhead distribution, sites outside coho distribution, and sites within high intrinsic potential for coho. We also used two habitat models to integrate habitat attributes to describe the habitat quality and capacity for different life stages of juvenile coho and steelhead. Close

• 29. [Article] OASIS - Calibration of Estimates of Coho Spawner Abundance in Smith River Basin, 2001

  Abstract -- Estimates of coho spawner abundance derived from spawning surveys are a fundamental component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW) Oregon Plan Monitoring (Jacobs et al. 2001). ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: OASIS - Calibration of Estimates of Coho Spawner Abundance in Smith River Basin, 2001 Abstract -- Estimates of coho spawner abundance derived from spawning surveys are a fundamental component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW) Oregon Plan Monitoring (Jacobs et al. 2001). The basis of these estimates are visual counts of adult spawners in randomly selected stream reaches. To date, survey-derived estimates have not been validated against known spawner abundances. Beginning in 1999, we initiated a study at Smith River (Umpqua Basin) to calibrate survey-based spawner estimates. Smith River provides an ideal location for this type of study because it is typical of many other coastal streams that support coho salmon, contains large quantities of habitat and spawners, and provides the ability to efficiently trap and tag adequate portions of the coho run. Title: OASIS - Calibration of Estimates of Coho Spawner Abundance in Smith River Basin, 2001 Abstract -- Estimates of coho spawner abundance derived from spawning surveys are a fundamental component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW) Oregon Plan Monitoring (Jacobs et al. 2001). The basis of these estimates are visual counts of adult spawners in randomly selected stream reaches. To date, survey-derived estimates have not been validated against known spawner abundances. Beginning in 1999, we initiated a study at Smith River (Umpqua Basin) to calibrate survey-based spawner estimates. Smith River provides an ideal location for this type of study because it is typical of many other coastal streams that support coho salmon, contains large quantities of habitat and spawners, and provides the ability to efficiently trap and tag adequate portions of the coho run. Close

• 30. [Article] Aquatic Monitoring Program 2002-2003 Report

  Abstract -- The Applegate River Watershed Council (ARWC), a non-profit, 501(c)3 organization located in southern Oregon has been monitoring water quality, temperature, biological and physical aspects in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aquatic Monitoring Program 2002-2003 Report Abstract -- The Applegate River Watershed Council (ARWC), a non-profit, 501(c)3 organization located in southern Oregon has been monitoring water quality, temperature, biological and physical aspects in the Applegate since 1997. The data collected by ARWC staff has established baseline conditions and allowed for water quality trend analysis in the 493,000-acre Applegate watershed located in the Rogue River Basin. Topics include Water Quality Monitoring, Water Temperature, Water Chemistry, Stream Flow Monitoring, Biological Monitoring, Little Applegate Stream Habitat And Enhancement Program, Snorkel Surveys, Steelhead Spawning Surveys, Lamprey Study, Physical Monitoring, Slate And Waters Creeks Cross Sections, Sediment And Heat Source Study In The Upper Applegate Watershed, Thompson Creek Habitat Survey, and Monitoring Program Summary. Title: Aquatic Monitoring Program 2002-2003 Report Abstract -- The Applegate River Watershed Council (ARWC), a non-profit, 501(c)3 organization located in southern Oregon has been monitoring water quality, temperature, biological and physical aspects in the Applegate since 1997. The data collected by ARWC staff has established baseline conditions and allowed for water quality trend analysis in the 493,000-acre Applegate watershed located in the Rogue River Basin. Topics include Water Quality Monitoring, Water Temperature, Water Chemistry, Stream Flow Monitoring, Biological Monitoring, Little Applegate Stream Habitat And Enhancement Program, Snorkel Surveys, Steelhead Spawning Surveys, Lamprey Study, Physical Monitoring, Slate And Waters Creeks Cross Sections, Sediment And Heat Source Study In The Upper Applegate Watershed, Thompson Creek Habitat Survey, and Monitoring Program Summary. Close

• 31. [Article] MidCoast A - Rapid Bio-assessment 1998 Midcoast

  Abstract -- Snorkel surveys were conducted in five midcoast watersheds that included the Yachats, Alsea, Yaquina, Siletz, and Salmon Rivers. These surveys were commissioned by the Midcoast Watershed Council, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: MidCoast A - Rapid Bio-assessment 1998 Midcoast Abstract -- Snorkel surveys were conducted in five midcoast watersheds that included the Yachats, Alsea, Yaquina, Siletz, and Salmon Rivers. These surveys were commissioned by the Midcoast Watershed Council, using funds granted by GWEB. The intent of these surveys was to begin to develop a base line for monitoring trends in the distribution and abundance of juvenile Coho, Steelhead and Cutthroat in Midcoast watersheds. Adult Coho escapement for many of these basins has hovered near all time low levels for multiple brood cycles. These surveys intend to identify the core areas within these basins that, at low spawner densities, provide suitable spawning habitats. They also intend to identify areas important for juvenile salmonid rearing such that restoration activities can focus on recovering reaches that adult salmonids are returning to. Title: MidCoast A - Rapid Bio-assessment 1998 Midcoast Abstract -- Snorkel surveys were conducted in five midcoast watersheds that included the Yachats, Alsea, Yaquina, Siletz, and Salmon Rivers. These surveys were commissioned by the Midcoast Watershed Council, using funds granted by GWEB. The intent of these surveys was to begin to develop a base line for monitoring trends in the distribution and abundance of juvenile Coho, Steelhead and Cutthroat in Midcoast watersheds. Adult Coho escapement for many of these basins has hovered near all time low levels for multiple brood cycles. These surveys intend to identify the core areas within these basins that, at low spawner densities, provide suitable spawning habitats. They also intend to identify areas important for juvenile salmonid rearing such that restoration activities can focus on recovering reaches that adult salmonids are returning to. Close

• 32. [Article] Spring Chinook in the Willamette and Sandy Basins, Progress Reports 2006-2007

  Abstract -- The Willamette and Sandy rivers support intense recreational fisheries for spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Fisheries in these basins rely primarily on annual hatchery releases ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Spring Chinook in the Willamette and Sandy Basins, Progress Reports 2006-2007 Abstract -- The Willamette and Sandy rivers support intense recreational fisheries for spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Fisheries in these basins rely primarily on annual hatchery releases of 5–8 million juveniles. Hatchery programs exist in the McKenzie, Middle Fork Willamette, North and South Santiam, Clackamas, and Sandy rivers mainly as mitigation for dams that blocked natural production areas. Some natural spawning occurs in most of the major basins and a few smaller tributaries upstream of Willamette Falls. The Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted the Native Fish Conservation Policy (ODFW 2003a) and the Hatchery Management Policy (ODFW 2003b) in part to reduce adverse impacts of hatchery programs on wild native stocks. The Native Fish Conservation Policy recognizes that naturally produced native fish are the foundation for long-term sustainability of native species and hatchery programs, and the fisheries they support. Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, by providing a genetic reserve as well as providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). In the past, hatchery programs and fish passage issues were the focus of spring Chinook salmon management in the Willamette and Sandy basins. Limited information was collected on the genetic structure among basin populations, on abundance and distribution of natural spawning, on rearing and migrating of juvenile salmon, or on strategies for reducing risks that large hatchery programs pose for wild salmon populations. This study is being implemented to gather this information. A schematic of the study plan is shown in APPENDIX A. We conducted work in the main-stem Willamette River above Willamette Falls, and in the Middle Fork Willamette, McKenzie, North Santiam, South Santiam, Clackamas, and Sandy rivers in 2006 and 2007. Basin descriptions and background information on management and fish runs can be found in subbasin plans developed by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW 1988, ODFW 1992a, ODFW 1992b, and ODFW 1996). Task headings below cross reference the study plan outlined in APPENDIX A. This report covers tasks that were worked on in late 2005 through early fall 2007. Title: Spring Chinook in the Willamette and Sandy Basins, Progress Reports 2006-2007 Abstract -- The Willamette and Sandy rivers support intense recreational fisheries for spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Fisheries in these basins rely primarily on annual hatchery releases of 5–8 million juveniles. Hatchery programs exist in the McKenzie, Middle Fork Willamette, North and South Santiam, Clackamas, and Sandy rivers mainly as mitigation for dams that blocked natural production areas. Some natural spawning occurs in most of the major basins and a few smaller tributaries upstream of Willamette Falls. The Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted the Native Fish Conservation Policy (ODFW 2003a) and the Hatchery Management Policy (ODFW 2003b) in part to reduce adverse impacts of hatchery programs on wild native stocks. The Native Fish Conservation Policy recognizes that naturally produced native fish are the foundation for long-term sustainability of native species and hatchery programs, and the fisheries they support. Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, by providing a genetic reserve as well as providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). In the past, hatchery programs and fish passage issues were the focus of spring Chinook salmon management in the Willamette and Sandy basins. Limited information was collected on the genetic structure among basin populations, on abundance and distribution of natural spawning, on rearing and migrating of juvenile salmon, or on strategies for reducing risks that large hatchery programs pose for wild salmon populations. This study is being implemented to gather this information. A schematic of the study plan is shown in APPENDIX A. We conducted work in the main-stem Willamette River above Willamette Falls, and in the Middle Fork Willamette, McKenzie, North Santiam, South Santiam, Clackamas, and Sandy rivers in 2006 and 2007. Basin descriptions and background information on management and fish runs can be found in subbasin plans developed by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW 1988, ODFW 1992a, ODFW 1992b, and ODFW 1996). Task headings below cross reference the study plan outlined in APPENDIX A. This report covers tasks that were worked on in late 2005 through early fall 2007. Close

• 33. [Article] Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification Study, 2007 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-11

  Abstract -- Monitoring the status of salmonids in Oregon coastal streams is an important component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW) contribution to the Oregon Plan for Salmon and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification Study, 2007 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-11 Abstract -- Monitoring the status of salmonids in Oregon coastal streams is an important component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW) contribution to the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. Since 1998, ODFW has implemented a probabilistic sampling design (Stevens 2002) to monitor adult and juvenile coho in Oregon coastal streams. In 2002, ODFW expanded its monitoring program to include steelhead. Monitoring is occurring coast wide and relies on the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP, Stevens and Olsen 1999) for site selection and to produce fish abundance metrics at large spatial scales. Juvenile monitoring is conducted using snorkel survey protocols. The Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification Study is an effort to evaluate how well visual counts compare with removal estimates as a monitoring tool at the basin scale and to provide information on the relationship of monitoring data collected coast wide to actual populations. This report will summarize juvenile salmonid data collected by snorkeling and electrofishing in the Smith River basin during the summer of 2007 and provide a comparative analysis of several years’ data of how the estimates from the two methods correspond to each other and to the spawning survey estimates of adult fish above Smith River Falls. Information on the relationship of coast wide snorkel counts on the basin scale to actual population status will be presented in a synthesis report covering all years of this study. Title: Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification Study, 2007 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-11 Abstract -- Monitoring the status of salmonids in Oregon coastal streams is an important component of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW) contribution to the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. Since 1998, ODFW has implemented a probabilistic sampling design (Stevens 2002) to monitor adult and juvenile coho in Oregon coastal streams. In 2002, ODFW expanded its monitoring program to include steelhead. Monitoring is occurring coast wide and relies on the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP, Stevens and Olsen 1999) for site selection and to produce fish abundance metrics at large spatial scales. Juvenile monitoring is conducted using snorkel survey protocols. The Smith River Steelhead and Coho Monitoring Verification Study is an effort to evaluate how well visual counts compare with removal estimates as a monitoring tool at the basin scale and to provide information on the relationship of monitoring data collected coast wide to actual populations. This report will summarize juvenile salmonid data collected by snorkeling and electrofishing in the Smith River basin during the summer of 2007 and provide a comparative analysis of several years’ data of how the estimates from the two methods correspond to each other and to the spawning survey estimates of adult fish above Smith River Falls. Information on the relationship of coast wide snorkel counts on the basin scale to actual population status will be presented in a synthesis report covering all years of this study. Close

• 34. [Article] Necanicum Habitat Assessment Project: Juvenile Coho Winter Habitat Priorities for Large Wood Placement and Fish Passage Barriers

  Abstract -- ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol was used to assess habitat in selected streams (57 km total) in the Necanicum River basin. Snorkel surveys were conducted to assess juvenile salmonid distribution ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Necanicum Habitat Assessment Project: Juvenile Coho Winter Habitat Priorities for Large Wood Placement and Fish Passage Barriers Abstract -- ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol was used to assess habitat in selected streams (57 km total) in the Necanicum River basin. Snorkel surveys were conducted to assess juvenile salmonid distribution and abundance in these streams. Non-natural fish passage barriers were located. Locations where large wood placements would enhance fish habitat were identified. Title: Necanicum Habitat Assessment Project: Juvenile Coho Winter Habitat Priorities for Large Wood Placement and Fish Passage Barriers Abstract -- ODFW Aquatic Inventory protocol was used to assess habitat in selected streams (57 km total) in the Necanicum River basin. Snorkel surveys were conducted to assess juvenile salmonid distribution and abundance in these streams. Non-natural fish passage barriers were located. Locations where large wood placements would enhance fish habitat were identified. Close

• 35. [Article] Grande Ronde Basin Spring Chinook Salmon Captive Broodstock Program 1995-2002 project status report

  Abstract -- The Grande Ronde Basin once supported large runs of chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and estimated peak escapements in excess of 10,000 occurred as recently as the late 1950’s (U.S. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Grande Ronde Basin Spring Chinook Salmon Captive Broodstock Program 1995-2002 project status report Abstract -- The Grande Ronde Basin once supported large runs of chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and estimated peak escapements in excess of 10,000 occurred as recently as the late 1950’s (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1975). Natural escapement declines in the Grande Ronde Basin have been severe and parallel those of other Snake River populations. Reduced productivity has primarily been attributed to increased mortality associated with downstream and upstream migration past eight dams and reservoirs in the Snake and Columbia rivers. Reduced spawner numbers, combined with human manipulation of previously important spawning and rearing habitat in the Grande Ronde Basin, have resulted in decreased spawning distribution and population fragmentation of chinook salmon in the Grande Ronde Basin (Figure 1; Table 1). Escapement of spring/summer chinook salmon in the Snake River basin included 1,799 adults in 1995, less than half of the previous record low of 3,913 adults in 1994. Catherine Creek, Grande Ronde River and Lostine River were historically three of the most productive populations in the Grande Ronde Basin (Carmichael and Boyce 1986). However, productivity of these populations has been poor for recent brood years. Escapement (based on total redd counts) in Catherine Creek and Grande Ronde and Lostine rivers dropped to alarmingly low levels in 1994 and 1995. A total of 11, 3 and 16 redds were observed in 1994 in Catherine Creek, upper Grande Ronde River and Lostine River, respectively, and 14, 6 and 11 redds were observed in those same streams in 1995. In contrast, the maximum number of redds observed in the past was 505 in Catherine Creek (1971), 304 in the Grande Ronde River (1968) and 261 in 1956 in the Lostine River (Tranquilli et al 2003). Redd counts for index count areas (a standardized portion of the total stream) have also decreased dramatically for most Grande Ronde Basin streams from 1964 - 2002, dropping to as low as 37 redds in the 119.5 km in the index survey areas in 1995 from as high as 1,205 redds in the same area in 1969 (Table 1). All streams reached low points (0-6 redds in the index areas) in the 1990's, except those in which no redds were found for several years and surveys were discontinued, such as Spring, Sheep and Indian creeks which had a total of 109 redds in 1969. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Grande Ronde Basin Spring Chinook Salmon Captive Broodstock Program 1995-2002 project status report Abstract -- The Grande Ronde Basin once supported large runs of chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and estimated peak escapements in excess of 10,000 occurred as recently as the late 1950’s (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1975). Natural escapement declines in the Grande Ronde Basin have been severe and parallel those of other Snake River populations. Reduced productivity has primarily been attributed to increased mortality associated with downstream and upstream migration past eight dams and reservoirs in the Snake and Columbia rivers. Reduced spawner numbers, combined with human manipulation of previously important spawning and rearing habitat in the Grande Ronde Basin, have resulted in decreased spawning distribution and population fragmentation of chinook salmon in the Grande Ronde Basin (Figure 1; Table 1). Escapement of spring/summer chinook salmon in the Snake River basin included 1,799 adults in 1995, less than half of the previous record low of 3,913 adults in 1994. Catherine Creek, Grande Ronde River and Lostine River were historically three of the most productive populations in the Grande Ronde Basin (Carmichael and Boyce 1986). However, productivity of these populations has been poor for recent brood years. Escapement (based on total redd counts) in Catherine Creek and Grande Ronde and Lostine rivers dropped to alarmingly low levels in 1994 and 1995. A total of 11, 3 and 16 redds were observed in 1994 in Catherine Creek, upper Grande Ronde River and Lostine River, respectively, and 14, 6 and 11 redds were observed in those same streams in 1995. In contrast, the maximum number of redds observed in the past was 505 in Catherine Creek (1971), 304 in the Grande Ronde River (1968) and 261 in 1956 in the Lostine River (Tranquilli et al 2003). Redd counts for index count areas (a standardized portion of the total stream) have also decreased dramatically for most Grande Ronde Basin streams from 1964 - 2002, dropping to as low as 37 redds in the 119.5 km in the index survey areas in 1995 from as high as 1,205 redds in the same area in 1969 (Table 1). All streams reached low points (0-6 redds in the index areas) in the 1990's, except those in which no redds were found for several years and surveys were discontinued, such as Spring, Sheep and Indian creeks which had a total of 109 redds in 1969. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 36. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2008-09 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2008-09 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (midColumbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock which increased smolt-to-adult survival, and a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2008-09 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (midColumbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock which increased smolt-to-adult survival, and a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 37. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2009-10 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2009-10 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which is expected to increase smolt-to-adult survival, and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Bag limits for hatchery steelhead were increased to five fish in the 2009-10 run year because of a strong anticipated return of hatchery origin adults. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2009-10 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which is expected to increase smolt-to-adult survival, and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Bag limits for hatchery steelhead were increased to five fish in the 2009-10 run year because of a strong anticipated return of hatchery origin adults. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 38. [Article] Upper Calapooia River Fish Monitoring

  Abstract -- The project will occur on the Upper Calapooia River, between the Holley Bridge (USGS RM 45.5) and the perceived end of anadromy for salmonids (USGS RM 72.9). Historically the Calapooia River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Upper Calapooia River Fish Monitoring Abstract -- The project will occur on the Upper Calapooia River, between the Holley Bridge (USGS RM 45.5) and the perceived end of anadromy for salmonids (USGS RM 72.9). Historically the Calapooia River marked the upper end of winter steelhead distribution in the Willamette Basin, and a spawning tributary for spring chinook. These are both DPS/ESU listed species, and little is known about their distribution and life history in the Calapooia River. A Rapid Bioassessment was completed in 2015 as well as winter steelhead redd survey in 2017 to try and establish baseline data including spawning gravel abundance/seeding availability, adult escapement, a foundation for long term trend analysis, as well as identify anchor habitats. The survey was also intended to inform ODFW with vital information regarding the possibility of jump-start seeding the Calapooia with Chinook, as well as guide the Calapooia WC’s restoration approach in this vital area. The 2017 return of Winter steelhead over the Willamette Falls (pinch point for all anadromy in the Willamette Valley) was the lowest on record, and the CWC and partners do not feel a proper baseline was established. The CWC proposes to complete 2 years of STW redd Surveys to create a baseline of adult escapement from 2 different cohorts, as well as collect summer water temperature data through the deployment of Hobo temperature loggers. This data can be used to create a reach wide restoration plan that will focus CWC restoration efforts in areas where they will be the most efficient and effective. Partners include ODFW, Weyerhaeuser, US Forest Service, Miners Association, and private residents. Title: Upper Calapooia River Fish Monitoring Abstract -- The project will occur on the Upper Calapooia River, between the Holley Bridge (USGS RM 45.5) and the perceived end of anadromy for salmonids (USGS RM 72.9). Historically the Calapooia River marked the upper end of winter steelhead distribution in the Willamette Basin, and a spawning tributary for spring chinook. These are both DPS/ESU listed species, and little is known about their distribution and life history in the Calapooia River. A Rapid Bioassessment was completed in 2015 as well as winter steelhead redd survey in 2017 to try and establish baseline data including spawning gravel abundance/seeding availability, adult escapement, a foundation for long term trend analysis, as well as identify anchor habitats. The survey was also intended to inform ODFW with vital information regarding the possibility of jump-start seeding the Calapooia with Chinook, as well as guide the Calapooia WC’s restoration approach in this vital area. The 2017 return of Winter steelhead over the Willamette Falls (pinch point for all anadromy in the Willamette Valley) was the lowest on record, and the CWC and partners do not feel a proper baseline was established. The CWC proposes to complete 2 years of STW redd Surveys to create a baseline of adult escapement from 2 different cohorts, as well as collect summer water temperature data through the deployment of Hobo temperature loggers. This data can be used to create a reach wide restoration plan that will focus CWC restoration efforts in areas where they will be the most efficient and effective. Partners include ODFW, Weyerhaeuser, US Forest Service, Miners Association, and private residents. Close

• 39. [Article] Yaquina and Alsea River Basins Estuarine Wetland Site Prioritization Project Final Report

  Abstract -- The project surveyed estuarine wetland sites in the Alsea and Yaquina basins. Sites surveyed were tidal wetlands falling within Jefferson’s (1975) plant community categories of low silt marsh, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Yaquina and Alsea River Basins Estuarine Wetland Site Prioritization Project Final Report Abstract -- The project surveyed estuarine wetland sites in the Alsea and Yaquina basins. Sites surveyed were tidal wetlands falling within Jefferson’s (1975) plant community categories of low silt marsh, low sand marsh, sedge marsh, immature high marsh, and mature high marsh. (Mud flats, algal flats and eelgrass beds were not included.) The goal was to prioritize these tidal wetland sites for protection and restoration activity. The information provided by this study provides a basis for working with interested landowners to develop site-specific action plans. Development of these action plans will require landowner contact, field work, and other steps outlined elsewhere in this report. Title: Yaquina and Alsea River Basins Estuarine Wetland Site Prioritization Project Final Report Abstract -- The project surveyed estuarine wetland sites in the Alsea and Yaquina basins. Sites surveyed were tidal wetlands falling within Jefferson’s (1975) plant community categories of low silt marsh, low sand marsh, sedge marsh, immature high marsh, and mature high marsh. (Mud flats, algal flats and eelgrass beds were not included.) The goal was to prioritize these tidal wetland sites for protection and restoration activity. The information provided by this study provides a basis for working with interested landowners to develop site-specific action plans. Development of these action plans will require landowner contact, field work, and other steps outlined elsewhere in this report. Close

• 40. [Article] Large wood restoration Cedar Creek Siletz River Basin 2009

  Abstract -- A large wood restoration project was completed along approximately seven miles of Cedar Cr (tributary to the lower Siletz River). 460 pieces of wood were placed in the stream. Wood was placed ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Large wood restoration Cedar Creek Siletz River Basin 2009 Abstract -- A large wood restoration project was completed along approximately seven miles of Cedar Cr (tributary to the lower Siletz River). 460 pieces of wood were placed in the stream. Wood was placed at 26 sites (with multiple jams at some sites) with an average of 66 pieces/mile or 18 pieces/site. Pre-restoration habitat surveys were completed during summer 2008 and consisted of standard ODFW AHI inventories. Post-restoration habitat surveys were completed summer 2011. A post-restoration evaluation report was completed February 2012 and is located in OWEB's files. Title: Large wood restoration Cedar Creek Siletz River Basin 2009 Abstract -- A large wood restoration project was completed along approximately seven miles of Cedar Cr (tributary to the lower Siletz River). 460 pieces of wood were placed in the stream. Wood was placed at 26 sites (with multiple jams at some sites) with an average of 66 pieces/mile or 18 pieces/site. Pre-restoration habitat surveys were completed during summer 2008 and consisted of standard ODFW AHI inventories. Post-restoration habitat surveys were completed summer 2011. A post-restoration evaluation report was completed February 2012 and is located in OWEB's files. Close

• 41. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2000-01 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2000-01 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of the four lowest dams on the Snake River. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts have been released in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins until 2000, when we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts. This reduction was implemented due to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries’ recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2000-01 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of the four lowest dams on the Snake River. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts have been released in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins until 2000, when we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts. This reduction was implemented due to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries’ recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 42. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2001-02 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2001-02 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of the four lowest dams on the Snake River. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts have been released in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins until 2000, when we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts. This reduction was implemented due to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries’ recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2001-02 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of the four lowest dams on the Snake River. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts have been released in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins until 2000, when we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts. This reduction was implemented due to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries’ recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 43. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2006-07 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2006-07 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (midColumbia tributary). In 2006, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock which increased smolt-to-adult survival, and a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2006-07 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (midColumbia tributary). In 2006, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock which increased smolt-to-adult survival, and a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 44. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2007-08 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2007-08 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (midColumbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock which increased smolt-to-adult survival, and a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2007-08 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (midColumbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock which increased smolt-to-adult survival, and a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 45. [Article] OWEB Grant Number 208-2084 Project Completion Report - PUR Monitoring

  Abstract -- While it is assumed that habitat enhancement and fish passage improvements increase fish production, there is little empirical data to support that claim in the Umpqua Basin. The Umpqua District ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: OWEB Grant Number 208-2084 Project Completion Report - PUR Monitoring Abstract -- While it is assumed that habitat enhancement and fish passage improvements increase fish production, there is little empirical data to support that claim in the Umpqua Basin. The Umpqua District has used smolt traps in the past to both establish a baseline record and to attempt to determine any response to habitat enhancement (Brush, Hinkle, and Big Tom Folley Creeks). Brush Creek and Big Tom Folley were originally chosen as monitoring sites since they are similar in characteristics, and Brush was originally the treatment stream for restoration projects while Big Tom Folley was used as the control until later projects occurred. Currently, there are PUR habitat enhancement projects scheduled to take place within the Little Wolf Creek and Wolf Creek basins. In order to gain more insight as to whether restoration efforts improve fish populations and address limiting factors, baseline and post treatment surveys will be needed. Restoration that is planned in Wolf and Little Wolf Creeks in 2008 and 2009 provides a unique opportunity to examine stream and fish responses to log-only and boulder-only instream placements. Pre-treatment data exists on these streams for smolt outmigration, summer habitat, spawning adults, summer seeding, channel cross-sections and temperature. ODFW has been collecting smolt out-migration data at five sites in the Upper Umpqua and Elk Creek watersheds almost continuously for 15 years to monitor yearly trends and to calculate over-winter survival rates of coho and steelhead. This OWEB grant will add to this baseline data and provide funding to continue past monitoring and add new monitoring components. Continuous smolt trap data from Brush, Big Tom Folley, and Hinkle Creeks is important to future efforts to monitor watershed health. Extensive habitat enhancement and fish inventories have been completed within the Hinkle Creek, Brush Creek and Big Tom Folley Creek basins. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Umpqua Watershed District joined with the Partnership for the Umpqua Rivers (PUR) in an effort to continue ongoing juvenile monitoring within the Umpqua Basin. Since little is known about stream-specific limiting factors and fish production response to various habitat restoration treatments such as log or boulder placement, these long term data sets will help to understand the fish response aspect related to or resulting from habitat restoration projects. Title: OWEB Grant Number 208-2084 Project Completion Report - PUR Monitoring Abstract -- While it is assumed that habitat enhancement and fish passage improvements increase fish production, there is little empirical data to support that claim in the Umpqua Basin. The Umpqua District has used smolt traps in the past to both establish a baseline record and to attempt to determine any response to habitat enhancement (Brush, Hinkle, and Big Tom Folley Creeks). Brush Creek and Big Tom Folley were originally chosen as monitoring sites since they are similar in characteristics, and Brush was originally the treatment stream for restoration projects while Big Tom Folley was used as the control until later projects occurred. Currently, there are PUR habitat enhancement projects scheduled to take place within the Little Wolf Creek and Wolf Creek basins. In order to gain more insight as to whether restoration efforts improve fish populations and address limiting factors, baseline and post treatment surveys will be needed. Restoration that is planned in Wolf and Little Wolf Creeks in 2008 and 2009 provides a unique opportunity to examine stream and fish responses to log-only and boulder-only instream placements. Pre-treatment data exists on these streams for smolt outmigration, summer habitat, spawning adults, summer seeding, channel cross-sections and temperature. ODFW has been collecting smolt out-migration data at five sites in the Upper Umpqua and Elk Creek watersheds almost continuously for 15 years to monitor yearly trends and to calculate over-winter survival rates of coho and steelhead. This OWEB grant will add to this baseline data and provide funding to continue past monitoring and add new monitoring components. Continuous smolt trap data from Brush, Big Tom Folley, and Hinkle Creeks is important to future efforts to monitor watershed health. Extensive habitat enhancement and fish inventories have been completed within the Hinkle Creek, Brush Creek and Big Tom Folley Creek basins. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Umpqua Watershed District joined with the Partnership for the Umpqua Rivers (PUR) in an effort to continue ongoing juvenile monitoring within the Umpqua Basin. Since little is known about stream-specific limiting factors and fish production response to various habitat restoration treatments such as log or boulder placement, these long term data sets will help to understand the fish response aspect related to or resulting from habitat restoration projects. Close

• 46. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2010-11 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2010-11 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which is expected to increase smolt-to-adult survival, and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2010-11 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which is expected to increase smolt-to-adult survival, and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 47. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2011-12 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2011-12 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which is expected to increase smolt-to-adult survival, and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2011-12 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which is expected to increase smolt-to-adult survival, and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 48. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2012-13 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2012-13 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which increased smolt-to-adult survival (Clarke et al. 2014), and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2012-13 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which increased smolt-to-adult survival (Clarke et al. 2014), and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 49. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2013-14 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2013-14 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which increased smolt-to-adult survival (Clarke et al. 2014), and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2013-14 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which increased smolt-to-adult survival (Clarke et al. 2014), and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 50. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2014-15 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2014-15 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which increased smolt-to-adult survival (Clarke et al. 2014), and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2014-15 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (USACOE 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa Hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). In 2007, we further reduced smolt releases to approximately 1.065 million, partly due to an increased release size from five to four fish per pound (fpp) for Wallowa stock, which increased smolt-to-adult survival (Clarke et al. 2014), and due to a reduction of Imnaha stock Big Sheep direct stream releases. In 2009, smolt releases were reduced again to approximately 1.015 million, due to reductions in releases of Imnaha stock into Big Sheep Creek. Released smolts provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 51. [Article] A Compendium of Grande Ronde River and Imnaha River Basins Spring Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Surveys Conducted from 1948 through 2003

  Abstract -- A variety of methods have been used to estimate the number of spring/summer Chinook salmon returning to spawn in Northeast Oregon streams. However, little quantitative information has been ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Compendium of Grande Ronde River and Imnaha River Basins Spring Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Surveys Conducted from 1948 through 2003 Abstract -- A variety of methods have been used to estimate the number of spring/summer Chinook salmon returning to spawn in Northeast Oregon streams. However, little quantitative information has been available to fisheries biologists and studies to quantify total annual escapement have not been conducted. Techniques used to estimate spawning escapement were often not documented (Van Cleave and Ting 1960, Oregon Fish Commission, unpublished data; Smith 1975). While other estimates have formed the basis for compensating losses due to the construction of the lower Snake River dams and setting subbasin supplementation goals, the accuracy of these estimates is unknown (USACE 1975, Carmichael and Boyce 1987, ODFW 1990). As populations continue to decline, accurate historic and current escapement estimates are needed to set management goals for conservation, recovery, supplementation, harvest, and to monitor population health. Spawning populations of spring/summer Chinook salmon have been monitored in Northeast Oregon streams since 1948 by visually counting redds. The Oregon Fish Commission established early surveys and in 1961 the Oregon Game Commission also began surveys. The two agencies were merged into the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife in 1975. In the past, time and budget limitations prevented fishery biologists from surveying entire streams. Redd counts, therefore, were limited to only a portion of the available spawning habitat on each stream termed the “index” area. The index area was chosen as the area most likely to provide a good sample (represent majority of spawning) of spawning escapement for a given stream. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: A Compendium of Grande Ronde River and Imnaha River Basins Spring Chinook Salmon Spawning Ground Surveys Conducted from 1948 through 2003 Abstract -- A variety of methods have been used to estimate the number of spring/summer Chinook salmon returning to spawn in Northeast Oregon streams. However, little quantitative information has been available to fisheries biologists and studies to quantify total annual escapement have not been conducted. Techniques used to estimate spawning escapement were often not documented (Van Cleave and Ting 1960, Oregon Fish Commission, unpublished data; Smith 1975). While other estimates have formed the basis for compensating losses due to the construction of the lower Snake River dams and setting subbasin supplementation goals, the accuracy of these estimates is unknown (USACE 1975, Carmichael and Boyce 1987, ODFW 1990). As populations continue to decline, accurate historic and current escapement estimates are needed to set management goals for conservation, recovery, supplementation, harvest, and to monitor population health. Spawning populations of spring/summer Chinook salmon have been monitored in Northeast Oregon streams since 1948 by visually counting redds. The Oregon Fish Commission established early surveys and in 1961 the Oregon Game Commission also began surveys. The two agencies were merged into the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife in 1975. In the past, time and budget limitations prevented fishery biologists from surveying entire streams. Redd counts, therefore, were limited to only a portion of the available spawning habitat on each stream termed the “index” area. The index area was chosen as the area most likely to provide a good sample (represent majority of spawning) of spawning escapement for a given stream. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 52. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002-03 Addendum

  Abstract -- This report is an addendum to the report on activities in 2002 that was generated in December of that year. This report also presents results of spawning surveys and stomach content analysis ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002-03 Addendum Abstract -- This report is an addendum to the report on activities in 2002 that was generated in December of that year. This report also presents results of spawning surveys and stomach content analysis that were completed in 2003. A complete report for the 2003 survey season will be prepared after the seasons trapping and angler surveys have ended. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002-03 Addendum Abstract -- This report is an addendum to the report on activities in 2002 that was generated in December of that year. This report also presents results of spawning surveys and stomach content analysis that were completed in 2003. A complete report for the 2003 survey season will be prepared after the seasons trapping and angler surveys have ended. Close

• 53. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 1999-2000 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 1999-2000 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of the four lowest dams on the Snake River. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts have been released in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins until 2000, when we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts. This reduction was implemented due to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries’ recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 1999-2000 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of the four lowest dams on the Snake River. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts have been released in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins until 2000, when we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts. This reduction was implemented due to a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries’ recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 54. [Article] Aquatic Habitat in Oregon Coastal Streams: Winter, 1999-2001

  Abstract -- We compared summer and winter aquatic habitat conditions to determine patterns of seasonal habitat dynamics for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Winter sites corresponded to summer sites, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aquatic Habitat in Oregon Coastal Streams: Winter, 1999-2001 Abstract -- We compared summer and winter aquatic habitat conditions to determine patterns of seasonal habitat dynamics for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Winter sites corresponded to summer sites, facilitating a direct comparison between seasons on a site specific and regional scale. The data sets included 128 sites selected from the Oregon Plan habitat sites (OPHS) surveyed in the summers of 1999 and 2000 and surveyed again in the winters of 2000 and 2001. We found significant differences among geomorphic, hydrologic, and physical habitat variables measured along identical reaches in streams between winter and summer. Increases in water volume corresponded with increased deep pool density, secondary channel habitats, and wood density. These differences highlight the importance of high winter flows in terms of their contribution towards essential habitat for coho survival and reproduction. Differences among habitat variables from consecutive winters were minimal, indicating that any differences in habitat variables may be a result of variation in annual precipitation. Moreover, minimal differences in habitat variables were observed between Basin and OPHS surveys, also leading to the suggestion that OPHS surveys, conducted during the summer may provide important baseline information on habitat variables within and among watersheds. Habitat quality, as measured by benchmarks, was shown to be independent of land ownership but not independent of monitoring area. This investigation allowed us to quantify seasonal changes in summer-to-winter habitat dynamics in coastal Oregon streams. Future research could involve the addition of juvenile salmon surveys with habitat surveys to determine any significant associations between fish density and habitat quality. Furthermore, habitat variables measured during the summer might be used to determine winter habitat conditions (i.e. and thus quality), after accounting for variation in annual precipitation. Attribute means and estimates of variation, measured at identical sites in summer and winter over the long-term, may be beneficial when linking summer to winter habitat variables and ultimately to fish density estimates, thereby increasing sample size and predictability. Title: Aquatic Habitat in Oregon Coastal Streams: Winter, 1999-2001 Abstract -- We compared summer and winter aquatic habitat conditions to determine patterns of seasonal habitat dynamics for coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Winter sites corresponded to summer sites, facilitating a direct comparison between seasons on a site specific and regional scale. The data sets included 128 sites selected from the Oregon Plan habitat sites (OPHS) surveyed in the summers of 1999 and 2000 and surveyed again in the winters of 2000 and 2001. We found significant differences among geomorphic, hydrologic, and physical habitat variables measured along identical reaches in streams between winter and summer. Increases in water volume corresponded with increased deep pool density, secondary channel habitats, and wood density. These differences highlight the importance of high winter flows in terms of their contribution towards essential habitat for coho survival and reproduction. Differences among habitat variables from consecutive winters were minimal, indicating that any differences in habitat variables may be a result of variation in annual precipitation. Moreover, minimal differences in habitat variables were observed between Basin and OPHS surveys, also leading to the suggestion that OPHS surveys, conducted during the summer may provide important baseline information on habitat variables within and among watersheds. Habitat quality, as measured by benchmarks, was shown to be independent of land ownership but not independent of monitoring area. This investigation allowed us to quantify seasonal changes in summer-to-winter habitat dynamics in coastal Oregon streams. Future research could involve the addition of juvenile salmon surveys with habitat surveys to determine any significant associations between fish density and habitat quality. Furthermore, habitat variables measured during the summer might be used to determine winter habitat conditions (i.e. and thus quality), after accounting for variation in annual precipitation. Attribute means and estimates of variation, measured at identical sites in summer and winter over the long-term, may be beneficial when linking summer to winter habitat variables and ultimately to fish density estimates, thereby increasing sample size and predictability. Close

• 55. [Article] Lake Survey of some Lakes in the Willamette and Mt Hood National Forests, 1957

  Abstract -- This report is the data obtained from a survey of 108 High Cascade Lakes by the Oregon State Game Commission in the northwest region during the summer of 1957. Twenty of these lakes were located ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lake Survey of some Lakes in the Willamette and Mt Hood National Forests, 1957 Abstract -- This report is the data obtained from a survey of 108 High Cascade Lakes by the Oregon State Game Commission in the northwest region during the summer of 1957. Twenty of these lakes were located and named by the survey crew. Of this group of 20, four had fish present, although there was no recorded name or stocking record. An additional 27 potholes and shallow lakes were explored and followed to be unsuitable for fish. These factors are listed in the Appendix. Data collected on the lakes included water and air temperatures, the approximate depth and bottom types, presence of natural reproduction, angling pressure and the general condition of the fish population. Special attention was paid to the accessibility of the lakes. A sample of the fish was taken by angling or gill net sets. The female fish were weighed, measured and examined for sexual maturity. The degree of sexual maturity was classed as mature, maturing and immature. The lakes, in general, are so widely separated in this section of the Cascade that it is difficult to group them in specific basins, therefore, these lakes have been grouped in the Willamette National Forest and the Mt. Hood National Forest watershed 2 and Watershed 3, respectively. Title: Lake Survey of some Lakes in the Willamette and Mt Hood National Forests, 1957 Abstract -- This report is the data obtained from a survey of 108 High Cascade Lakes by the Oregon State Game Commission in the northwest region during the summer of 1957. Twenty of these lakes were located and named by the survey crew. Of this group of 20, four had fish present, although there was no recorded name or stocking record. An additional 27 potholes and shallow lakes were explored and followed to be unsuitable for fish. These factors are listed in the Appendix. Data collected on the lakes included water and air temperatures, the approximate depth and bottom types, presence of natural reproduction, angling pressure and the general condition of the fish population. Special attention was paid to the accessibility of the lakes. A sample of the fish was taken by angling or gill net sets. The female fish were weighed, measured and examined for sexual maturity. The degree of sexual maturity was classed as mature, maturing and immature. The lakes, in general, are so widely separated in this section of the Cascade that it is difficult to group them in specific basins, therefore, these lakes have been grouped in the Willamette National Forest and the Mt. Hood National Forest watershed 2 and Watershed 3, respectively. Close

• 56. [Article] The Distribution and Abundance of Great Basin Redband Trout: An Application of Variable Probability Sampling in a 1999 Status Review

  Abstract -- Using a variable probability sampling design, streams throughout the entire range of Great Basin redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp.) were randomly sampled use the EMAP sampling protocol, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Distribution and Abundance of Great Basin Redband Trout: An Application of Variable Probability Sampling in a 1999 Status Review Abstract -- Using a variable probability sampling design, streams throughout the entire range of Great Basin redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp.) were randomly sampled use the EMAP sampling protocol, such that 35 sample sites were apportioned to each of six subbasins (Silver Lake, Lake Abert, Goose Lake, Warner Valley, Catlow Valley, and Malheur Lakes). A total of 185 sites (out of a target of 210) were visited by three-person crews that conducted habitat surveys and population estimates in sample reaches whose length were nearly 20 times their channel width. A minimal sampling intensity was based on previously encountered levels of between site variance in abundance estimates for the species. The population estimate for age 1+ redband trout was 948,852 fish (+/– 21%), with confidence limits ranging from 26% to 43% of individual subbasin estimates. Age 1+ fish abundance in terms of density (fish m-2) showed no significant differences between any subbasin, while there were significant differences in biomass (g m-2), where one subbasin had significantly higher (Catlow Valley) biomasses, and one significantly lower (Goose Lake). These comparisons were supported by like differences in mean weight (g fish-2). Analysis of stream habitat characteristics and fish abundance revealed no relationship, or model, that was generally consistent throughout the Great Basin, though interpretable patterns were evident within some stream systems where sampling intensity happened to be sufficiently high. Thus while a landscape level sampling design was well suited to address a regional estimate of abundance, useful interpretation of fish and habitat relationships appeared to be embedded within the stream level of organization, and could not be addressed by the variable probability sampling design set for a minimal sampling intensity. Title: The Distribution and Abundance of Great Basin Redband Trout: An Application of Variable Probability Sampling in a 1999 Status Review Abstract -- Using a variable probability sampling design, streams throughout the entire range of Great Basin redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp.) were randomly sampled use the EMAP sampling protocol, such that 35 sample sites were apportioned to each of six subbasins (Silver Lake, Lake Abert, Goose Lake, Warner Valley, Catlow Valley, and Malheur Lakes). A total of 185 sites (out of a target of 210) were visited by three-person crews that conducted habitat surveys and population estimates in sample reaches whose length were nearly 20 times their channel width. A minimal sampling intensity was based on previously encountered levels of between site variance in abundance estimates for the species. The population estimate for age 1+ redband trout was 948,852 fish (+/– 21%), with confidence limits ranging from 26% to 43% of individual subbasin estimates. Age 1+ fish abundance in terms of density (fish m-2) showed no significant differences between any subbasin, while there were significant differences in biomass (g m-2), where one subbasin had significantly higher (Catlow Valley) biomasses, and one significantly lower (Goose Lake). These comparisons were supported by like differences in mean weight (g fish-2). Analysis of stream habitat characteristics and fish abundance revealed no relationship, or model, that was generally consistent throughout the Great Basin, though interpretable patterns were evident within some stream systems where sampling intensity happened to be sufficiently high. Thus while a landscape level sampling design was well suited to address a regional estimate of abundance, useful interpretation of fish and habitat relationships appeared to be embedded within the stream level of organization, and could not be addressed by the variable probability sampling design set for a minimal sampling intensity. Close

• 57. [Article] Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan: Rock Creek Tributary to Devil's Lake Lincoln County

  Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Rock Creek / Devils Lake basin in Lincoln County, Oregon. The report contains ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan: Rock Creek Tributary to Devil's Lake Lincoln County Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Rock Creek / Devils Lake basin in Lincoln County, Oregon. The report contains information on the physical setting, current status of Coho, resources used in developing the plan, general questions that guided the assessment, pre-survey mapping/location of habitat subdivisons, secondary branch habitats, critical contributing areas, lowland area, summer and winter habitat assessment, lake habitat, location of other resources, juvenile Coho, evaluation of habitat quality and Coho production, Field Assessment, location of potential migration barriers, potential sites for restoration work, morphology, rank of restoration efforts, riparian corridor, and core area. Title: Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan: Rock Creek Tributary to Devil's Lake Lincoln County Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Rock Creek / Devils Lake basin in Lincoln County, Oregon. The report contains information on the physical setting, current status of Coho, resources used in developing the plan, general questions that guided the assessment, pre-survey mapping/location of habitat subdivisons, secondary branch habitats, critical contributing areas, lowland area, summer and winter habitat assessment, lake habitat, location of other resources, juvenile Coho, evaluation of habitat quality and Coho production, Field Assessment, location of potential migration barriers, potential sites for restoration work, morphology, rank of restoration efforts, riparian corridor, and core area. Close

• 58. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2002-03 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2002-03 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 M steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins between 1984 and 1999. Beginning in 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 M smolts in response to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2002-03 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996) and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 M steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha basins between 1984 and 1999. Beginning in 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 M smolts in response to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 59. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2003-04 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2003-04 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River Basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 M steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins between 1984 and 1999. Beginning in 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 M smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2003-04 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River Basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 M steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha River basins between 1984 and 1999. Beginning in 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 M smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 60. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2004-05 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2004-05 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River Basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2004-05 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River Basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 61. [Article] Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2005-06 Run Year

  Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2005-06 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River Basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Summer Steelhead Creel Surveys on the Grande Ronde, Wallowa, and Imnaha Rivers for the 2005-06 Run Year Abstract -- Summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fisheries in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins were closed in 1974. This closure was prompted by declining adult returns, as indicated by adult counts at Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 1996), and low steelhead redd counts on index streams in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife District Annual Reports 1949-1974). The Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP), initiated by Congress in 1976, was developed to compensate for losses of anadromous salmonids in the Snake River Basin from construction of the four lower Snake River Dams built between 1962 and 1976. Thus, the focus of the LSRCP is the Snake River above Lower Granite Dam (Rkm 173), the uppermost of these four dams. One of the primary objectives of the LSRCP in Oregon is to restore historic recreational and tribal fisheries for summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins (Carmichael 1989). Approximately 1.68 million steelhead smolts were targeted for release in Oregon each year during April and May in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins between 1984 and 1999. In 2000, we reduced releases to approximately 1.2 million smolts in response to the National Marine Fisheries Service’s recommendation to help reduce straying of Wallowa hatchery stock steelhead, primarily into the Deschutes River (mid-Columbia tributary). These fish provide hatchery adult returns that contribute to recreational fisheries and may supplement natural spawning populations in northeast Oregon. Consumptive recreational fisheries for summer steelhead re-opened in 1986, in part as a result of increases in hatchery adult returns. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 62. [Article] Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2007

  Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2007 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program were extended to the John Day basin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. EMAP objectives specific to the John Day basin are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, hatchery to wild steelhead stray ratios, juvenile steelhead and other salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources (e.g. life-stage specific survival) not targeted under the EMAP program. This project provides information as directed under two measures of the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. Measure 4.3C specifies that key indicator naturally spawning populations should be monitored to provide detailed stock status information. In addition, measure 7.1C identifies the need for collection of population status, life history, and other data on wild and naturally spawning populations. This project was developed in direct response to the recommendations and needs of regional modeling efforts, the ISRP, the Fish and Wildlife Program, the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, and the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority Multi-Year Implementation Plan. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2007 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program were extended to the John Day basin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. EMAP objectives specific to the John Day basin are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, hatchery to wild steelhead stray ratios, juvenile steelhead and other salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources (e.g. life-stage specific survival) not targeted under the EMAP program. This project provides information as directed under two measures of the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. Measure 4.3C specifies that key indicator naturally spawning populations should be monitored to provide detailed stock status information. In addition, measure 7.1C identifies the need for collection of population status, life history, and other data on wild and naturally spawning populations. This project was developed in direct response to the recommendations and needs of regional modeling efforts, the ISRP, the Fish and Wildlife Program, the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, and the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority Multi-Year Implementation Plan. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 63. [Article] AI - Year 2000 Stream Habitat Conditions in Western Oregon

  Abstract -- The goals of the habitat monitoring portion of the Oregon Plan program are to develop baseline statistics, describe current conditions and track trends in habitat condition over time. This ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: AI - Year 2000 Stream Habitat Conditions in Western Oregon Abstract -- The goals of the habitat monitoring portion of the Oregon Plan program are to develop baseline statistics, describe current conditions and track trends in habitat condition over time. This program functions as the landscape link in the overall Oregon Plan monitoring program. Field work for the habitat monitoring program began in 1998 with coordinated site visitations conducted with the two other Oregon Plan monitoring programs; juvenile rearing survey and adult salmon spawning survey programs. The Oregon Plan Habitat Survey program is nested within the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP). The AIP was begun by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1990 and has expanded to include a wide variety of inventory, modeling and monitoring efforts. The central purpose of these diverse projects is the inventory of physical aspects of the environment that are important for aquatic life and the habitat needs of salmonids and other fishes during the freshwater stages of their life history. Some of the significant ongoing or recently completed projects that are part of the AIP are: Basinwide cesus surveys, Oregon plan Habitat surveys, Restoration Project Monitoring, Salmonid Habitat and Diversity Watersheds Project, Fish Inventories, Great Basin Redband Trout, Oregon Chub Status and Recovery Project, Salmon River Estuary, and Columbia River Estuary Project. Title: AI - Year 2000 Stream Habitat Conditions in Western Oregon Abstract -- The goals of the habitat monitoring portion of the Oregon Plan program are to develop baseline statistics, describe current conditions and track trends in habitat condition over time. This program functions as the landscape link in the overall Oregon Plan monitoring program. Field work for the habitat monitoring program began in 1998 with coordinated site visitations conducted with the two other Oregon Plan monitoring programs; juvenile rearing survey and adult salmon spawning survey programs. The Oregon Plan Habitat Survey program is nested within the Aquatic Inventories Project (AIP). The AIP was begun by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1990 and has expanded to include a wide variety of inventory, modeling and monitoring efforts. The central purpose of these diverse projects is the inventory of physical aspects of the environment that are important for aquatic life and the habitat needs of salmonids and other fishes during the freshwater stages of their life history. Some of the significant ongoing or recently completed projects that are part of the AIP are: Basinwide cesus surveys, Oregon plan Habitat surveys, Restoration Project Monitoring, Salmonid Habitat and Diversity Watersheds Project, Fish Inventories, Great Basin Redband Trout, Oregon Chub Status and Recovery Project, Salmon River Estuary, and Columbia River Estuary Project. Close

• 64. [Article] Bottom Creek GRAIP Road Surveys

  Abstract -- Shape files containing the data needed to run the U.S. Forest Service Geomorphic Road Assessment and Inventory Protocol for forest roads in the Bottom Creek sub-basin of the S.F. Coos River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bottom Creek GRAIP Road Surveys Abstract -- Shape files containing the data needed to run the U.S. Forest Service Geomorphic Road Assessment and Inventory Protocol for forest roads in the Bottom Creek sub-basin of the S.F. Coos River watershed. Title: Bottom Creek GRAIP Road Surveys Abstract -- Shape files containing the data needed to run the U.S. Forest Service Geomorphic Road Assessment and Inventory Protocol for forest roads in the Bottom Creek sub-basin of the S.F. Coos River watershed. Close

• 65. [Article] Progress Reports 2004: 2004 Oregon Chub Investigations

  Abstract -- Oregon chub are endemic to the Willamette River drainage of western Oregon (Markle et al. 1991). This species was formerly distributed throughout the Willamette River Valley (Snyder 1908) in ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Progress Reports 2004: 2004 Oregon Chub Investigations Abstract -- Oregon chub are endemic to the Willamette River drainage of western Oregon (Markle et al. 1991). This species was formerly distributed throughout the Willamette River Valley (Snyder 1908) in off-channel habitats such as beaver ponds, oxbows, stable backwater sloughs, and flooded marshes. These habitats usually have little or no water flow, have silty and organic substrate, and have an abundance of aquatic vegetation and cover for hiding and spawning. In the last 100 years, off-channel habitats have disappeared because of changes in seasonal flows resulting from the construction of dams throughout the basin, channelization of the Willamette River and its tributaries, and agricultural practices. This loss of habitat combined with the introduction of non-native species to the Willamette Valley resulted in a sharp decline in Oregon chub abundance. The reduction of habitat and the restricted distribution of the Oregon chub resulted in a determination of "endangered" status under the federal endangered species act (Markle and Pearsons 1990; Rhew 1993). To evaluate Oregon chub population abundance and distribution, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife conducted surveys in April-October 2004. We conducted similar surveys in 1991-2003 (Scheerer et. al. 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995; 1996; 1998; 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; Scheerer and Jones 1997). The survey objectives were to collect information on the status, distribution, and abundance of Oregon chub, the presence of non-native and native species, the characteristics of Oregon chub habitats, the characteristics of potential introduction sites, and to evaluate the success of Oregon chub introductions. In addition, we reviewed and evaluated projects and activities with the potential to impact Oregon chub and their habitats and provided summaries to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Title: Progress Reports 2004: 2004 Oregon Chub Investigations Abstract -- Oregon chub are endemic to the Willamette River drainage of western Oregon (Markle et al. 1991). This species was formerly distributed throughout the Willamette River Valley (Snyder 1908) in off-channel habitats such as beaver ponds, oxbows, stable backwater sloughs, and flooded marshes. These habitats usually have little or no water flow, have silty and organic substrate, and have an abundance of aquatic vegetation and cover for hiding and spawning. In the last 100 years, off-channel habitats have disappeared because of changes in seasonal flows resulting from the construction of dams throughout the basin, channelization of the Willamette River and its tributaries, and agricultural practices. This loss of habitat combined with the introduction of non-native species to the Willamette Valley resulted in a sharp decline in Oregon chub abundance. The reduction of habitat and the restricted distribution of the Oregon chub resulted in a determination of "endangered" status under the federal endangered species act (Markle and Pearsons 1990; Rhew 1993). To evaluate Oregon chub population abundance and distribution, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife conducted surveys in April-October 2004. We conducted similar surveys in 1991-2003 (Scheerer et. al. 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995; 1996; 1998; 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; Scheerer and Jones 1997). The survey objectives were to collect information on the status, distribution, and abundance of Oregon chub, the presence of non-native and native species, the characteristics of Oregon chub habitats, the characteristics of potential introduction sites, and to evaluate the success of Oregon chub introductions. In addition, we reviewed and evaluated projects and activities with the potential to impact Oregon chub and their habitats and provided summaries to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Close

• 66. [Article] Fish Research Project Oregon; John Day Basin Chinook Salmon Escapement and Productivity Monitoring - Annual Progress Report 2002

  Abstract -- Spring (stream-type) chinook spawning ground surveys were conducted in four main spawning areas (Mainstem, Middle Fork, North Fork, and Granite Creek System) and three minor spawning areas ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; John Day Basin Chinook Salmon Escapement and Productivity Monitoring - Annual Progress Report 2002 Abstract -- Spring (stream-type) chinook spawning ground surveys were conducted in four main spawning areas (Mainstem, Middle Fork, North Fork, and Granite Creek System) and three minor spawning areas (South Fork, Camas Creek, Desolation Creek) of the John Day River during September 2001. Included in these surveys were 254.3 river kilometers (rkm; 87.6 rkm index, 91.9 rkm extensive, and 74.8 rkm exploratory) of spawning habitat. Chinook smolts were captured by beach seining while wading and with the aid of a jet boat in the Mainstem John Day River between river kilometers (rkm) 274 and 296 from February 21 to May 15, 2002. Riffles, eddies and river margins were sampled with a seine constructed of 12.7 mm mesh netting that measured 30.5 m long by 2.4 m deep with a 1.2 m x 1.2 m bag constructed of 9.5 mm mesh netting in the middle. Our sampling strategy did not include the use of standard seining sites. Instead, locations for sampling within our river kilometer reaches varied on a daily basis depending on daily discharge and success during previous sampling days. Appendix Table C-1 lists our sampling sites. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; John Day Basin Chinook Salmon Escapement and Productivity Monitoring - Annual Progress Report 2002 Abstract -- Spring (stream-type) chinook spawning ground surveys were conducted in four main spawning areas (Mainstem, Middle Fork, North Fork, and Granite Creek System) and three minor spawning areas (South Fork, Camas Creek, Desolation Creek) of the John Day River during September 2001. Included in these surveys were 254.3 river kilometers (rkm; 87.6 rkm index, 91.9 rkm extensive, and 74.8 rkm exploratory) of spawning habitat. Chinook smolts were captured by beach seining while wading and with the aid of a jet boat in the Mainstem John Day River between river kilometers (rkm) 274 and 296 from February 21 to May 15, 2002. Riffles, eddies and river margins were sampled with a seine constructed of 12.7 mm mesh netting that measured 30.5 m long by 2.4 m deep with a 1.2 m x 1.2 m bag constructed of 9.5 mm mesh netting in the middle. Our sampling strategy did not include the use of standard seining sites. Instead, locations for sampling within our river kilometer reaches varied on a daily basis depending on daily discharge and success during previous sampling days. Appendix Table C-1 lists our sampling sites. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 67. [Article] Progress Reports 2017, Distribution and Abundance of Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp Creeks, Oregon

  Abstract -- Pit Sculpin Cottus pitensis are endemic to Goose Lake basin, south-central Oregon. The species was listed as sensitive by the U.S. Forest Service Region 6 and Bureau of Land Management and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Progress Reports 2017, Distribution and Abundance of Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp Creeks, Oregon Abstract -- Pit Sculpin Cottus pitensis are endemic to Goose Lake basin, south-central Oregon. The species was listed as sensitive by the U.S. Forest Service Region 6 and Bureau of Land Management and by the State of Oregon. Recent surveys suggested Pit Sculpin have a restricted range in Oregon. The objectives of our surveys were to: 1) describe the current distribution and estimate the abundance of Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp creeks, 2) describe the fish assemblages in Drews and Camp creeks, and 3) describe stream habitat conditions and collect habitat covariate data at each sampling location for modelling capture probabilities and abundance. We found Pit Sculpin distribution was limited to approximately 5.2 km of Drews Creek and 0.8 km of Camp Creek. Pit Sculpin primarily occupied riffles with gravel substrate. We estimated 12,331 and 1,518 Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp creeks, respectively. Title: Progress Reports 2017, Distribution and Abundance of Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp Creeks, Oregon Abstract -- Pit Sculpin Cottus pitensis are endemic to Goose Lake basin, south-central Oregon. The species was listed as sensitive by the U.S. Forest Service Region 6 and Bureau of Land Management and by the State of Oregon. Recent surveys suggested Pit Sculpin have a restricted range in Oregon. The objectives of our surveys were to: 1) describe the current distribution and estimate the abundance of Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp creeks, 2) describe the fish assemblages in Drews and Camp creeks, and 3) describe stream habitat conditions and collect habitat covariate data at each sampling location for modelling capture probabilities and abundance. We found Pit Sculpin distribution was limited to approximately 5.2 km of Drews Creek and 0.8 km of Camp Creek. Pit Sculpin primarily occupied riffles with gravel substrate. We estimated 12,331 and 1,518 Pit Sculpin in Drews and Camp creeks, respectively. Close

• 68. [Article] Status of Winter Rearing Habitat in Four Coho Population Units_ODFW AQI Winter Report Final 2008

  Abstract -- We described the status of habitat in four Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population units (Nehalem, Siuslaw, Coquille, South Umpqua) during winter 2007, estimated the potential ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Status of Winter Rearing Habitat in Four Coho Population Units_ODFW AQI Winter Report Final 2008 Abstract -- We described the status of habitat in four Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population units (Nehalem, Siuslaw, Coquille, South Umpqua) during winter 2007, estimated the potential winter rearing capacity of streams within those population units, and described the differences observed in stream habitat between winter and summer with emphasis on slow water and secondary channel habitats. Sample sites were randomly selected and spatially balanced within the distribution of coho salmon (juvenile and adult) in Oregon coastal watersheds south of the Columbia River. Twenty five sites were targeted within each of the four population units. Each survey was approximately 1000 m in length and adhered to protocols in Moore et al (2007). The Habitat Limiting Factors Model (HLFM) was used to estimate habitat capacity and quality for rearing juvenile coho. The HLFM predicted that the Nehalem and Siuslaw basins could support the highest density of juvenile coho, and the South Umpqua the least. Seasonal changes in habitat were similar to that reported in a previous study. Winter surveys facilitated the assessment of habitat status and estimating capacity because the surveys were conducted at the time when habitat is most limiting to survival of juvenile coho. Winter surveys were particularly valuable in capturing secondary channel and slow water habitat units such as beaver ponds and alcoves. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the number of survey sites necessary to represent each population unit within the desired confidence range of 30% recommended in the Coho Conservation Plan. Twenty five target sites were not adequate to describe the winter parr capacity within a 95% confidence interval of +30% in each population unit. Confidence intervals of estimates of parr per km ranged from 34 to 60% and mean parr per m2 ranged from 20 to 45%. Title: Status of Winter Rearing Habitat in Four Coho Population Units_ODFW AQI Winter Report Final 2008 Abstract -- We described the status of habitat in four Oregon coastal coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) population units (Nehalem, Siuslaw, Coquille, South Umpqua) during winter 2007, estimated the potential winter rearing capacity of streams within those population units, and described the differences observed in stream habitat between winter and summer with emphasis on slow water and secondary channel habitats. Sample sites were randomly selected and spatially balanced within the distribution of coho salmon (juvenile and adult) in Oregon coastal watersheds south of the Columbia River. Twenty five sites were targeted within each of the four population units. Each survey was approximately 1000 m in length and adhered to protocols in Moore et al (2007). The Habitat Limiting Factors Model (HLFM) was used to estimate habitat capacity and quality for rearing juvenile coho. The HLFM predicted that the Nehalem and Siuslaw basins could support the highest density of juvenile coho, and the South Umpqua the least. Seasonal changes in habitat were similar to that reported in a previous study. Winter surveys facilitated the assessment of habitat status and estimating capacity because the surveys were conducted at the time when habitat is most limiting to survival of juvenile coho. Winter surveys were particularly valuable in capturing secondary channel and slow water habitat units such as beaver ponds and alcoves. We also performed a sensitivity analysis to determine the number of survey sites necessary to represent each population unit within the desired confidence range of 30% recommended in the Coho Conservation Plan. Twenty five target sites were not adequate to describe the winter parr capacity within a 95% confidence interval of +30% in each population unit. Confidence intervals of estimates of parr per km ranged from 34 to 60% and mean parr per m2 ranged from 20 to 45%. Close

• 69. [Article] Angler Surveyor Procedures Manual 2004; Willamette Salmonid Inventory Project

  Abstract -- The Willamette Salmonid Inventory Project is charged with the task of monitoring the status of naturally produced and hatchery produced salmonid stocks. One important aspect of this monitoring ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Angler Surveyor Procedures Manual 2004; Willamette Salmonid Inventory Project Abstract -- The Willamette Salmonid Inventory Project is charged with the task of monitoring the status of naturally produced and hatchery produced salmonid stocks. One important aspect of this monitoring effort is an estimate of fish that are caught in recreational fisheries. State and Federal fishery managers use the results of these surveys to manage Oregon's fisheries resources. The goal of the river creels is to estimate effort and catch of marked and unmarked spring chinook, steelhead, and young salmonids, including catchable rainbow, cutthroat and juvenile chinook and steelhead. The basic approach is a roving creel in which the sampler travels up and down the river interviewing bank anglers and boat anglers as they are encountered. The sampler queries anglers about catch numbers, catch composition, time spent fishing and other auxiliary information. At assigned times during the sampled day; the sampler travels the length of the river counting boat trailers (without boats), individual bank anglers at some locations, and cars at other locations. The goal of these counts is to estimate the number of people fishing at a given time. The goal of the Foster Reservoir creel survey is to estimate angler effort and catch of juvenile winter steelhead and trout throughout the year. The fishery has been surveyed at a reduced level of sampling effort during the winter and is now ramped up to a full time sampler. The basic approach is similar to that for the river creels. The results of these surveys are used in a variety of ways: 1. They allow us to assess how well the hatchery programs are serving the public by giving an estimate of how many hatchery-produced fish are caught. 2. By combining creel data with counts at fish ladders and hatchery traps, we can construct a more reliable estimate of how many fish return to sub-basins of the Upper Willamette. 3. Creel data help us to evaluate the effectiveness of the hatcheries’ recycling programs. 4. Data on how many naturally-produced (unmarked) fish are caught and released allow us to estimate mortality for naturally-produced fish. 5. Coded wire tag data are also used in making estimates of run size, and give information on the origin and stray rates of hatchery fish in the fishery. Title: Angler Surveyor Procedures Manual 2004; Willamette Salmonid Inventory Project Abstract -- The Willamette Salmonid Inventory Project is charged with the task of monitoring the status of naturally produced and hatchery produced salmonid stocks. One important aspect of this monitoring effort is an estimate of fish that are caught in recreational fisheries. State and Federal fishery managers use the results of these surveys to manage Oregon's fisheries resources. The goal of the river creels is to estimate effort and catch of marked and unmarked spring chinook, steelhead, and young salmonids, including catchable rainbow, cutthroat and juvenile chinook and steelhead. The basic approach is a roving creel in which the sampler travels up and down the river interviewing bank anglers and boat anglers as they are encountered. The sampler queries anglers about catch numbers, catch composition, time spent fishing and other auxiliary information. At assigned times during the sampled day; the sampler travels the length of the river counting boat trailers (without boats), individual bank anglers at some locations, and cars at other locations. The goal of these counts is to estimate the number of people fishing at a given time. The goal of the Foster Reservoir creel survey is to estimate angler effort and catch of juvenile winter steelhead and trout throughout the year. The fishery has been surveyed at a reduced level of sampling effort during the winter and is now ramped up to a full time sampler. The basic approach is similar to that for the river creels. The results of these surveys are used in a variety of ways: 1. They allow us to assess how well the hatchery programs are serving the public by giving an estimate of how many hatchery-produced fish are caught. 2. By combining creel data with counts at fish ladders and hatchery traps, we can construct a more reliable estimate of how many fish return to sub-basins of the Upper Willamette. 3. Creel data help us to evaluate the effectiveness of the hatcheries’ recycling programs. 4. Data on how many naturally-produced (unmarked) fish are caught and released allow us to estimate mortality for naturally-produced fish. 5. Coded wire tag data are also used in making estimates of run size, and give information on the origin and stray rates of hatchery fish in the fishery. Close

• 70. [Article] Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan for Steer Creek Tributary of Rock Cr Siletz

  Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Steer Cr. 6th field in Lincoln County, Oregon. This stream is a 4th order contributor ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan for Steer Creek Tributary of Rock Cr Siletz Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Steer Cr. 6th field in Lincoln County, Oregon. This stream is a 4th order contributor to Rock Creek, which joins the Siletz River near Logsden, Oregon. The stream has been prioritized for restoration by the Midcoast Watershed Council because it appears to provide the best remaining spawning and rearing potential within the Rock Cr. basin. The report contains information on the physical setting, current status of Coho, resources used in developing the plan, general questions that guided the assessment, pre-survey mapping/location of habitat subdivisions, secondary branch habitats, critical contributing areas, lowland area, summer and winter habitat assessment, lake habitat, location of other resources, juvenile Coho, evaluation of habitat quality and Coho production, Field Assessment, location of potential migration barriers, potential sites for restoration work, morphology, rank of restoration efforts, riparian corridor, and core area. Title: Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan for Steer Creek Tributary of Rock Cr Siletz Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Steer Cr. 6th field in Lincoln County, Oregon. This stream is a 4th order contributor to Rock Creek, which joins the Siletz River near Logsden, Oregon. The stream has been prioritized for restoration by the Midcoast Watershed Council because it appears to provide the best remaining spawning and rearing potential within the Rock Cr. basin. The report contains information on the physical setting, current status of Coho, resources used in developing the plan, general questions that guided the assessment, pre-survey mapping/location of habitat subdivisions, secondary branch habitats, critical contributing areas, lowland area, summer and winter habitat assessment, lake habitat, location of other resources, juvenile Coho, evaluation of habitat quality and Coho production, Field Assessment, location of potential migration barriers, potential sites for restoration work, morphology, rank of restoration efforts, riparian corridor, and core area. Close

• 71. [Article] Status, Distribution, and Life History Investigations of Warner Suckers, 2006-2010 Information Reports number 2011-02

  Abstract -- The Warner sucker Catostomus warnerensis is endemic to the Warner Valley, a subbasin of the Great Basin in southeastern Oregon and northwestern Nevada. This species was historically abundant ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Status, Distribution, and Life History Investigations of Warner Suckers, 2006-2010 Information Reports number 2011-02 Abstract -- The Warner sucker Catostomus warnerensis is endemic to the Warner Valley, a subbasin of the Great Basin in southeastern Oregon and northwestern Nevada. This species was historically abundant (Snyder 1908) and its historical range includes three permanent lakes (Hart, Crump, and Pelican), several ephemeral lakes, a network of sloughs and diversion canals, and three major tributary drainages (Honey, Deep, and Twentymile creeks). Warner sucker abundance and distribution has declined over the past century and it was federally listed as threatened in 1985 due to habitat fragmentation and threats posed by the proliferation of piscivorous non-native game fishes (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1985). The Warner Valley is a northeast-southwest trending endorheic basin that extends approximately 90 km (Figure 1). The elevation of the valley floor is approximately 1,370 m and the basin is bound by fault block escarpments, the Warner Rim on the west and Hart Mountain and Poker Jim Ridge on the east. The Warner basin was formed during the middle Tertiary and late Quaternary geologic periods as a result of volcanic and tectonic activity (Baldwin 1974). Abundant precipitation during the Pleistocene Epoch resulted in the formation of Pluvial Lake Warner (Hubbs and Miller 1948). At its maximum extent approximately 11,000 years ago, the lake reached approximately 100 m in depth and 1,300 km2 in area (Snyder et al. 1964; Weide 1975). The Warner sucker inhabits the lakes and low gradient stream reaches of the Warner Valley. The metapopulation of Warner suckers is comprised of two life history forms: lake and stream morphs. The lake suckers display a lacustrine-adfluvial pattern in which they spend most of the year in the lake and spawn in the streams. However, when upstream migration is hindered by low stream flows during drought years or by irrigation diversion dams, lake suckers may spawn in nearshore areas of the lakes (White et al. 1990). Large lake-dwelling populations of introduced fishes in the lakes likely reduce sucker recruitment by predation on young suckers (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998). Periodic lake desiccation also threatens the lake suckers. The stream suckers display a fluvial life-history pattern and spawn in the three major tributary drainages (Honey, Deep, and Twentymile Creeks). Threats specific to the stream form include water withdrawals for irrigation and impacts from grazing. Stream suckers recolonized the lakes after past drying events (mid-1930’s and early-1990’s). The Recovery Plan for the Threatened and Rare Native Fishes of the Warner Basin and Alkali Subbasin (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998) sets three recovery criteria for delisting the species. These criteria require that: (1) a self-sustaining metapopulation is distributed throughout the drainages of Twentymile Creek, Honey Creek, and below the falls on Deep Creek, and in Pelican, Crump, and Hart Lakes; (2) passage is restored within and among these drainages so that individual populations of Warner suckers can function as a metapopulation; and (3) no threats exist that would likely threaten the survival of the species over a significant portion of its range. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW’s) Native Fish Investigations Project conducted investigations from 2006 through 2010 to describe the conservation (recovery) status of Warner suckers. The objectives of our investigations were to: 1) describe the current distribution of suckers in the Warner subbasin, 2) estimate their abundance in the lakes and streams, 3) collect life history information, and 4) describe the primary factors that currently limit the sucker’s ability to maintain a functioning metapopulation, including connectivity/fragmentation of habitats and factors affecting successful recruitment in the lake and stream environments. Previous similar studies were conducted in 1990, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, and 2001 (White et al. 1990; White et al. 1991; Allen et al. 1994; Allen et al. 1995; Allen et al. 1996; Bosse et al. 1997; Hartzell et al. 2001). We addressed these objectives by implementing the following tasks: 1) conducting surveys in Hart and Crump Lakes to describe the distribution and quantify the abundance of Warner suckers, search for evidence of recent recruitment, estimate sucker abundance relative to nonnative fish abundance, and describe certain life history characteristics, 2) tagging suckers with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags in the lakes and tributaries to estimate growth rates and describe seasonal movements, 3) radio tracking suckers in the lakes and tributaries to describe seasonal movements, 4) fishing screw traps in Warner basin tributaries to monitor downstream movements, 5) operating a trap at a fish ladder on a Warner tributary to assess upstream passage success, 6) conducting surveys in Warner basin tributaries to describe the current distribution of stream resident populations of Warner suckers and to quantify their abundance, 7) describing associations between the distribution of suckers and habitat variables in Twentymile Creek, 8) trapping larval suckers in the tributaries to describe the relative abundance and timing of larval movements, 9) describing life history parameters including growth rates, length frequency distributions, length at maturity, and weight-length relationships, 10) evaluating a nonlethal ageing technique, 11) describing the distribution and abundance of the Warner suckers at Summer Lake Wildlife Management area, where a self-sustaining population became established after fish salvage from Hart Lake during the 1992 drought, and 12) collecting tissue samples for future genetic analyses. This report compiles the results of this work, synthesizes and interprets findings relative to the conservation status of the species, and recommends future studies. Title: Status, Distribution, and Life History Investigations of Warner Suckers, 2006-2010 Information Reports number 2011-02 Abstract -- The Warner sucker Catostomus warnerensis is endemic to the Warner Valley, a subbasin of the Great Basin in southeastern Oregon and northwestern Nevada. This species was historically abundant (Snyder 1908) and its historical range includes three permanent lakes (Hart, Crump, and Pelican), several ephemeral lakes, a network of sloughs and diversion canals, and three major tributary drainages (Honey, Deep, and Twentymile creeks). Warner sucker abundance and distribution has declined over the past century and it was federally listed as threatened in 1985 due to habitat fragmentation and threats posed by the proliferation of piscivorous non-native game fishes (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1985). The Warner Valley is a northeast-southwest trending endorheic basin that extends approximately 90 km (Figure 1). The elevation of the valley floor is approximately 1,370 m and the basin is bound by fault block escarpments, the Warner Rim on the west and Hart Mountain and Poker Jim Ridge on the east. The Warner basin was formed during the middle Tertiary and late Quaternary geologic periods as a result of volcanic and tectonic activity (Baldwin 1974). Abundant precipitation during the Pleistocene Epoch resulted in the formation of Pluvial Lake Warner (Hubbs and Miller 1948). At its maximum extent approximately 11,000 years ago, the lake reached approximately 100 m in depth and 1,300 km2 in area (Snyder et al. 1964; Weide 1975). The Warner sucker inhabits the lakes and low gradient stream reaches of the Warner Valley. The metapopulation of Warner suckers is comprised of two life history forms: lake and stream morphs. The lake suckers display a lacustrine-adfluvial pattern in which they spend most of the year in the lake and spawn in the streams. However, when upstream migration is hindered by low stream flows during drought years or by irrigation diversion dams, lake suckers may spawn in nearshore areas of the lakes (White et al. 1990). Large lake-dwelling populations of introduced fishes in the lakes likely reduce sucker recruitment by predation on young suckers (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998). Periodic lake desiccation also threatens the lake suckers. The stream suckers display a fluvial life-history pattern and spawn in the three major tributary drainages (Honey, Deep, and Twentymile Creeks). Threats specific to the stream form include water withdrawals for irrigation and impacts from grazing. Stream suckers recolonized the lakes after past drying events (mid-1930’s and early-1990’s). The Recovery Plan for the Threatened and Rare Native Fishes of the Warner Basin and Alkali Subbasin (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998) sets three recovery criteria for delisting the species. These criteria require that: (1) a self-sustaining metapopulation is distributed throughout the drainages of Twentymile Creek, Honey Creek, and below the falls on Deep Creek, and in Pelican, Crump, and Hart Lakes; (2) passage is restored within and among these drainages so that individual populations of Warner suckers can function as a metapopulation; and (3) no threats exist that would likely threaten the survival of the species over a significant portion of its range. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife’s (ODFW’s) Native Fish Investigations Project conducted investigations from 2006 through 2010 to describe the conservation (recovery) status of Warner suckers. The objectives of our investigations were to: 1) describe the current distribution of suckers in the Warner subbasin, 2) estimate their abundance in the lakes and streams, 3) collect life history information, and 4) describe the primary factors that currently limit the sucker’s ability to maintain a functioning metapopulation, including connectivity/fragmentation of habitats and factors affecting successful recruitment in the lake and stream environments. Previous similar studies were conducted in 1990, 1991, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, and 2001 (White et al. 1990; White et al. 1991; Allen et al. 1994; Allen et al. 1995; Allen et al. 1996; Bosse et al. 1997; Hartzell et al. 2001). We addressed these objectives by implementing the following tasks: 1) conducting surveys in Hart and Crump Lakes to describe the distribution and quantify the abundance of Warner suckers, search for evidence of recent recruitment, estimate sucker abundance relative to nonnative fish abundance, and describe certain life history characteristics, 2) tagging suckers with Passive Integrated Transponder (PIT) tags in the lakes and tributaries to estimate growth rates and describe seasonal movements, 3) radio tracking suckers in the lakes and tributaries to describe seasonal movements, 4) fishing screw traps in Warner basin tributaries to monitor downstream movements, 5) operating a trap at a fish ladder on a Warner tributary to assess upstream passage success, 6) conducting surveys in Warner basin tributaries to describe the current distribution of stream resident populations of Warner suckers and to quantify their abundance, 7) describing associations between the distribution of suckers and habitat variables in Twentymile Creek, 8) trapping larval suckers in the tributaries to describe the relative abundance and timing of larval movements, 9) describing life history parameters including growth rates, length frequency distributions, length at maturity, and weight-length relationships, 10) evaluating a nonlethal ageing technique, 11) describing the distribution and abundance of the Warner suckers at Summer Lake Wildlife Management area, where a self-sustaining population became established after fish salvage from Hart Lake during the 1992 drought, and 12) collecting tissue samples for future genetic analyses. This report compiles the results of this work, synthesizes and interprets findings relative to the conservation status of the species, and recommends future studies. Close

• 72. [Article] Status and Distribution of Native Fishes in the Goose Lake Basin Information Reports number 2008-02

  Abstract -- This study describes the current distribution of the nine native fish species in the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake basin (Lake County): Goose Lake redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp., ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Status and Distribution of Native Fishes in the Goose Lake Basin Information Reports number 2008-02 Abstract -- This study describes the current distribution of the nine native fish species in the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake basin (Lake County): Goose Lake redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp., Goose Lake lamprey Entosphenus sp., Goose Lake tui chub Siphateles bicolor thalassinus, Goose Lake sucker Catostomus occidentalis lacusanserinus, Modoc sucker Catostomus microps, Pit-Klamath brook lamprey Entosphenus lethophagus, speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus, Pit roach Lavinia symmetricus mitrulus, and Pit sculpin Cottus pitensis. The Goose Lake basin is an endorheic, or topographically closed basin located in south central Oregon and northeastern California. The basin is within the usually closed northeastern extremity of the adjoining Sacramento River basin, astride the Oregon-California boundary. Although most of the lake lies in California, most of its valley and nearly two-thirds of the total drainage area (~722 sq. mi.) are in Oregon. The largest streams in the basin are Drews, Cottonwood, and Thomas Creeks. Annual precipitation averages about 36 cm per year (Phillips and van Denburgh 1971). Goose Lake overflowed briefly into the North Fork Pit River in 1868 and 1881, but storage and diversion of irrigation water has substantially reduced the inflow and future overflow is unlikely (USGS 1971). The lakebed was dry in the summers of 1926, 1929- 1934, and 1992. About half the basin is forestland, 20% is hay fields and pastureland, and 16% is shrub and rangeland. Currently, almost 35% of the inflow is diverted for irrigation (OWRD 1989). The Goose Lake basin is home to four endemic fish taxa: the Goose Lake redband trout, lamprey, sucker, and tui chub. Endemic fishes of the Goose Lake basin split their life histories between Goose Lake and its tributaries, as opposed to the five native but non-endemic species that primarily occupy stream habitats. Pit roach and all endemic fishes except Goose Lake tui chub are listed as a “species of concern” by the USFWS, a designation that implies there is concern about species viability, but not enough information is known to initiate a listing review for threatened or endangered status. The Modoc sucker was listed as a federally endangered species in 1985 (USFWS 1985). No formal recovery plan was required due to an existing “Action Plan for the Recovery of the Modoc Sucker” (USFWS 1984). Most of the recovery actions outlined in the action plan were either completed or are no longer relevant (Stewart Reid, Western Fishes, personal communication). However, actions 26 and 27 pertaining to range expansion remain incomplete. Action 26 suggests reclassification to threatened upon establishment of safe populations (for 3-5 years) throughout the Rush and Turner Creek watersheds in the Pit River basin. Action 27 suggests delisting upon establishing safe populations in two other historic streams. At the time of listing, the historic range of Modoc sucker was thought to have included only two small tributaries of the Pit River in Modoc and Lassen Counties, Ash and Turner Creeks (USFWS 1985). Therefore, a major recovery goal was to expand the species’ range with additional populations (USFWS 1984). In 2001, reexamination of historical documents and museum specimens established that Modoc suckers had also historically occupied Thomas Creek in the Goose Lake basin. Field collections in 2001, with subsequent morphological and genetic analysis, confirmed that the population was still present in Thomas Creek (Stewart Reid, Western Fishes, personal communication); however, the broader range of Modoc sucker in the Goose Lake watershed was not known. In 1995, the Goose Lake Fishes Working Group drafted a conservation plan for “prelisting” recovery of all native fish in response to severe drought and habitat degradation (GLFWG 1995). The Aquatic Inventories Project of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) conducted habitat and fish distribution surveys (1991-1995) to obtain baseline information to help inform recovery efforts (ODFW, unpublished data). Since then, field work to monitor the distribution and abundance of Goose Lake fishes has been limited and sporadic, targeting only Goose Lake redband trout and Modoc sucker (Dambacher 2001; Reid 2007). No comprehensive follow up work has been conducted to evaluate fish response to climatic conditions, habitat restoration projects, and continued irrigation activities. ODFW recently drafted a status review of native fish of Oregon (ODFW 2005). Except for redband trout, Goose Lake fishes were not included in the status review due to a lack of new information since the previous status review in 1995 (Kostow et al. 1995). Further, the review of Goose Lake redband trout was limited by a lack of long-term data series. The first objective of this study was to document the current distribution of native fishes in Oregon’s portion of the Goose Lake basin and assess changes in distribution that may have occurred since the last surveys were conducted 12 years ago. The second objective was to provide new information about the distribution of Modoc suckers within the basin. The third objective was to determine relative abundance and age-class diversity of native fishes at randomly selected sample sites. All objectives were addressed throughout the potential riverine distribution of fish in the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake basin. Information gathered in this study is critical to effective conservation and management of each species and its habitat. In addition, this report describes the distribution and relative abundance of nonnative fishes (fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), white crappie (Pomoxis annularis), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)) in the basin. Unlike prior efforts, this study used a statisticallybased design to select sample points with the aim of achieving a representative sample across the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake watershed. Additionally, a wide array of fish sampling gear was employed to maximize our ability to capture all fish species present across the diversity of habitat types encountered. Title: Status and Distribution of Native Fishes in the Goose Lake Basin Information Reports number 2008-02 Abstract -- This study describes the current distribution of the nine native fish species in the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake basin (Lake County): Goose Lake redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss ssp., Goose Lake lamprey Entosphenus sp., Goose Lake tui chub Siphateles bicolor thalassinus, Goose Lake sucker Catostomus occidentalis lacusanserinus, Modoc sucker Catostomus microps, Pit-Klamath brook lamprey Entosphenus lethophagus, speckled dace Rhinichthys osculus, Pit roach Lavinia symmetricus mitrulus, and Pit sculpin Cottus pitensis. The Goose Lake basin is an endorheic, or topographically closed basin located in south central Oregon and northeastern California. The basin is within the usually closed northeastern extremity of the adjoining Sacramento River basin, astride the Oregon-California boundary. Although most of the lake lies in California, most of its valley and nearly two-thirds of the total drainage area (~722 sq. mi.) are in Oregon. The largest streams in the basin are Drews, Cottonwood, and Thomas Creeks. Annual precipitation averages about 36 cm per year (Phillips and van Denburgh 1971). Goose Lake overflowed briefly into the North Fork Pit River in 1868 and 1881, but storage and diversion of irrigation water has substantially reduced the inflow and future overflow is unlikely (USGS 1971). The lakebed was dry in the summers of 1926, 1929- 1934, and 1992. About half the basin is forestland, 20% is hay fields and pastureland, and 16% is shrub and rangeland. Currently, almost 35% of the inflow is diverted for irrigation (OWRD 1989). The Goose Lake basin is home to four endemic fish taxa: the Goose Lake redband trout, lamprey, sucker, and tui chub. Endemic fishes of the Goose Lake basin split their life histories between Goose Lake and its tributaries, as opposed to the five native but non-endemic species that primarily occupy stream habitats. Pit roach and all endemic fishes except Goose Lake tui chub are listed as a “species of concern” by the USFWS, a designation that implies there is concern about species viability, but not enough information is known to initiate a listing review for threatened or endangered status. The Modoc sucker was listed as a federally endangered species in 1985 (USFWS 1985). No formal recovery plan was required due to an existing “Action Plan for the Recovery of the Modoc Sucker” (USFWS 1984). Most of the recovery actions outlined in the action plan were either completed or are no longer relevant (Stewart Reid, Western Fishes, personal communication). However, actions 26 and 27 pertaining to range expansion remain incomplete. Action 26 suggests reclassification to threatened upon establishment of safe populations (for 3-5 years) throughout the Rush and Turner Creek watersheds in the Pit River basin. Action 27 suggests delisting upon establishing safe populations in two other historic streams. At the time of listing, the historic range of Modoc sucker was thought to have included only two small tributaries of the Pit River in Modoc and Lassen Counties, Ash and Turner Creeks (USFWS 1985). Therefore, a major recovery goal was to expand the species’ range with additional populations (USFWS 1984). In 2001, reexamination of historical documents and museum specimens established that Modoc suckers had also historically occupied Thomas Creek in the Goose Lake basin. Field collections in 2001, with subsequent morphological and genetic analysis, confirmed that the population was still present in Thomas Creek (Stewart Reid, Western Fishes, personal communication); however, the broader range of Modoc sucker in the Goose Lake watershed was not known. In 1995, the Goose Lake Fishes Working Group drafted a conservation plan for “prelisting” recovery of all native fish in response to severe drought and habitat degradation (GLFWG 1995). The Aquatic Inventories Project of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) conducted habitat and fish distribution surveys (1991-1995) to obtain baseline information to help inform recovery efforts (ODFW, unpublished data). Since then, field work to monitor the distribution and abundance of Goose Lake fishes has been limited and sporadic, targeting only Goose Lake redband trout and Modoc sucker (Dambacher 2001; Reid 2007). No comprehensive follow up work has been conducted to evaluate fish response to climatic conditions, habitat restoration projects, and continued irrigation activities. ODFW recently drafted a status review of native fish of Oregon (ODFW 2005). Except for redband trout, Goose Lake fishes were not included in the status review due to a lack of new information since the previous status review in 1995 (Kostow et al. 1995). Further, the review of Goose Lake redband trout was limited by a lack of long-term data series. The first objective of this study was to document the current distribution of native fishes in Oregon’s portion of the Goose Lake basin and assess changes in distribution that may have occurred since the last surveys were conducted 12 years ago. The second objective was to provide new information about the distribution of Modoc suckers within the basin. The third objective was to determine relative abundance and age-class diversity of native fishes at randomly selected sample sites. All objectives were addressed throughout the potential riverine distribution of fish in the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake basin. Information gathered in this study is critical to effective conservation and management of each species and its habitat. In addition, this report describes the distribution and relative abundance of nonnative fishes (fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas), brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), white crappie (Pomoxis annularis), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), pumpkinseed (Lepomis gibbosus), and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)) in the basin. Unlike prior efforts, this study used a statisticallybased design to select sample points with the aim of achieving a representative sample across the Oregon portion of the Goose Lake watershed. Additionally, a wide array of fish sampling gear was employed to maximize our ability to capture all fish species present across the diversity of habitat types encountered. Close

• 73. [Article] Fall Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Coos River: Spawner Escapement, Run Reconstruction and Survey Calibration, 1998 - 2000, Information Reports 2003-02

  Abstract -- The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) has conducted a three year study designed to develop methods that provide reliable estimates of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fall Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Coos River: Spawner Escapement, Run Reconstruction and Survey Calibration, 1998 - 2000, Information Reports 2003-02 Abstract -- The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) has conducted a three year study designed to develop methods that provide reliable estimates of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner escapements for the South Fork Coos River. This study is part of a larger effort to develop similar high-quality escapement estimates for fall chinook in Oregon coastal basins in order to meet Oregon’s Pacific Salmon Treaty monitoring responsibilities. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Section of the Chinook Technical Committee (CTC) of the Pacific Salmon Commission (PSC) pursuant to the 1999 Letter of Agreement (LOA). Three stock aggregates have been identified that originate from Oregon coastal basins. These aggregates are thought to represent distinct genetic and behavioral characteristics and are managed separately. The North Oregon Coast (NOC) and Mid Oregon Coast (MOC) are the two stock aggregates that are north migrating, and are subjected to the PSC’s abundance-based management program (USCTC 1997). The South Fork Coos River is one component of the MOC aggregate. Current monitoring programs for Oregon coastal fall chinook do not supply the CTC with adequate information that is required for the management and rebuilding of Oregon’s coastal chinook stocks. ODFW has conducted standard surveys for more than 50 years to monitor the status of chinook stocks along coastal Oregon (Jacobs et al. 2000). A total of 56 standard index spawner surveys (45.8 miles) are monitored throughout 1,500 stream miles on an annual basis to estimate peak escapement levels and track trends of northmigrating stocks. Although counts in these standard surveys may be sufficient to index long-term trends of spawner abundance, they are considered inadequate for deriving reliable annual estimates of spawner escapement for several reasons. These surveys were not selected randomly and cannot be considered representative of coast-wide spawning habitat. Also, fall chinook are known to spawn extensively in mainstem reaches and large tributaries, which are not conducive to the foot surveys. To provide estimates of escapements, index counts must be calibrated to known population levels. Obtaining accurate estimates of fall chinook spawner density in mainstem reaches is extremely difficult. Typically, these areas exhibit wide variations in stream flow and turbidity that create difficult and sometimes dangerous survey conditions resulting in unreliable visual counts. The goal of this project is to develop precise estimates of adult spawner escapement in the South Fork Coos River and to identify survey methods that can be used to reliably index spawner abundance for the South Fork Coos River and MOC stock aggregate. ODFW conducted mark-recapture experiments to estimate fall chinook spawning escapement in the South Fork Coos River from 1998 through 2000. We conducted foot and float surveys to obtain counts of live fish, carcasses, and redds. These indices are assessed against the mark-recapture estimates to determine whether any of them track fall chinook spawner abundance with sufficient precision to form the basis for long-term monitoring and the incorporation of resulting escapement estimates into PSC harvest modeling efforts. We used radio-telemetry as an independent method to estimate the distribution of fall chinook spawners between mainstem and tributary strata. Title: Fall Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Coos River: Spawner Escapement, Run Reconstruction and Survey Calibration, 1998 - 2000, Information Reports 2003-02 Abstract -- The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) has conducted a three year study designed to develop methods that provide reliable estimates of fall chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner escapements for the South Fork Coos River. This study is part of a larger effort to develop similar high-quality escapement estimates for fall chinook in Oregon coastal basins in order to meet Oregon’s Pacific Salmon Treaty monitoring responsibilities. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Section of the Chinook Technical Committee (CTC) of the Pacific Salmon Commission (PSC) pursuant to the 1999 Letter of Agreement (LOA). Three stock aggregates have been identified that originate from Oregon coastal basins. These aggregates are thought to represent distinct genetic and behavioral characteristics and are managed separately. The North Oregon Coast (NOC) and Mid Oregon Coast (MOC) are the two stock aggregates that are north migrating, and are subjected to the PSC’s abundance-based management program (USCTC 1997). The South Fork Coos River is one component of the MOC aggregate. Current monitoring programs for Oregon coastal fall chinook do not supply the CTC with adequate information that is required for the management and rebuilding of Oregon’s coastal chinook stocks. ODFW has conducted standard surveys for more than 50 years to monitor the status of chinook stocks along coastal Oregon (Jacobs et al. 2000). A total of 56 standard index spawner surveys (45.8 miles) are monitored throughout 1,500 stream miles on an annual basis to estimate peak escapement levels and track trends of northmigrating stocks. Although counts in these standard surveys may be sufficient to index long-term trends of spawner abundance, they are considered inadequate for deriving reliable annual estimates of spawner escapement for several reasons. These surveys were not selected randomly and cannot be considered representative of coast-wide spawning habitat. Also, fall chinook are known to spawn extensively in mainstem reaches and large tributaries, which are not conducive to the foot surveys. To provide estimates of escapements, index counts must be calibrated to known population levels. Obtaining accurate estimates of fall chinook spawner density in mainstem reaches is extremely difficult. Typically, these areas exhibit wide variations in stream flow and turbidity that create difficult and sometimes dangerous survey conditions resulting in unreliable visual counts. The goal of this project is to develop precise estimates of adult spawner escapement in the South Fork Coos River and to identify survey methods that can be used to reliably index spawner abundance for the South Fork Coos River and MOC stock aggregate. ODFW conducted mark-recapture experiments to estimate fall chinook spawning escapement in the South Fork Coos River from 1998 through 2000. We conducted foot and float surveys to obtain counts of live fish, carcasses, and redds. These indices are assessed against the mark-recapture estimates to determine whether any of them track fall chinook spawner abundance with sufficient precision to form the basis for long-term monitoring and the incorporation of resulting escapement estimates into PSC harvest modeling efforts. We used radio-telemetry as an independent method to estimate the distribution of fall chinook spawners between mainstem and tributary strata. Close

• 74. [Article] Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2005

  Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2005 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, we extended the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program to the John Day subbasin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program, successfully implemented in Oregon’s coastal watersheds, applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The objectives of this project are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, juvenile salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, smolt-to-adult survival rates (SAR), and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. We began to meet these objectives in 2004 through spawning ground surveys initiated in spring and juvenile salmonid and habitat surveys during summer. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt and adult monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources and life-stage specific survival not targeted under the EMAP program. We believe this project will be the vehicle to synthesize all related fish population and habitat monitoring data at the provincial and subbasin scales. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2005 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, we extended the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program to the John Day subbasin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program, successfully implemented in Oregon’s coastal watersheds, applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The objectives of this project are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, juvenile salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, smolt-to-adult survival rates (SAR), and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. We began to meet these objectives in 2004 through spawning ground surveys initiated in spring and juvenile salmonid and habitat surveys during summer. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt and adult monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources and life-stage specific survival not targeted under the EMAP program. We believe this project will be the vehicle to synthesize all related fish population and habitat monitoring data at the provincial and subbasin scales. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 75. [Article] Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2006

  Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2006 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, we extended the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program to the John Day subbasin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program, successfully implemented in Oregon’s coastal watersheds, applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The objectives of this project are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, juvenile salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, smolt-to-adult survival rates (SAR), and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. We began to meet these objectives in 2004 through spawning ground surveys initiated in spring and juvenile salmonid and habitat surveys during summer. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt and adult monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources and life-stage specific survival not targeted under the EMAP program. We believe this project will be the vehicle to synthesize all related fish population and habitat monitoring data at the provincial and subbasin scales. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Fish Research Project Oregon; Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Annual Progress Report 2006 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, we extended the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program to the John Day subbasin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program, successfully implemented in Oregon’s coastal watersheds, applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The objectives of this project are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, juvenile salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, smolt-to-adult survival rates (SAR), and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. We began to meet these objectives in 2004 through spawning ground surveys initiated in spring and juvenile salmonid and habitat surveys during summer. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt and adult monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources and life-stage specific survival not targeted under the EMAP program. We believe this project will be the vehicle to synthesize all related fish population and habitat monitoring data at the provincial and subbasin scales. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 76. [Article] Escapement and Productivity of Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Salmon in the John Day River; Annual Report 2017

  Abstract -- The John Day River, located in northeastern Oregon, supports five wild populations of summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and three populations of wild spring chinook (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Escapement and Productivity of Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Salmon in the John Day River; Annual Report 2017 Abstract -- The John Day River, located in northeastern Oregon, supports five wild populations of summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and three populations of wild spring chinook (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) with no hatchery supplementation. However, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. In 1999, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) listed the Middle Columbia River summer steelhead Distinct Population Segment (DPS), which includes the John Day River Major Population Group (MPG), as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Although numerous habitat protection and rehabilitation projects have been implemented within the John Day River basin to improve steelhead and other salmonid freshwater production and survival, it has been difficult to estimate the effectiveness of these projects without a systematic program in place to collect information on the status, trends, and distribution of spawning activity, juvenile salmonids, and aquatic habitat conditions within the basin. Prior to the inception of this project, population and environmental monitoring of steelhead in the basin consisted of a combination of index spawning surveys and periodic monitoring of some status and trend indicators. While index spawning data is useful for drawing inference about long-term trends in adult steelhead abundance, they are limited for determining the status of steelhead escapement or distribution at the population or MPG scale because survey sites are not randomly selected and are likely biased towards streams with higher fish abundance. A broader approach to the monitoring and evaluation of status and trends in anadromous and resident salmonid populations and their habitats was needed to provide data to effectively support restoration efforts and guide alternative future management actions in the basin. The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP) recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP recommendation, the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program were extended to the John Day basin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). This research effort employs a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The current program seeks to integrate project objectives focused on summer steelhead spawning metrics, juvenile salmonid metrics, and aquatic habitat conditions. Title: Escapement and Productivity of Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Salmon in the John Day River; Annual Report 2017 Abstract -- The John Day River, located in northeastern Oregon, supports five wild populations of summer steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and three populations of wild spring chinook (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) with no hatchery supplementation. However, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. In 1999, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) listed the Middle Columbia River summer steelhead Distinct Population Segment (DPS), which includes the John Day River Major Population Group (MPG), as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). Although numerous habitat protection and rehabilitation projects have been implemented within the John Day River basin to improve steelhead and other salmonid freshwater production and survival, it has been difficult to estimate the effectiveness of these projects without a systematic program in place to collect information on the status, trends, and distribution of spawning activity, juvenile salmonids, and aquatic habitat conditions within the basin. Prior to the inception of this project, population and environmental monitoring of steelhead in the basin consisted of a combination of index spawning surveys and periodic monitoring of some status and trend indicators. While index spawning data is useful for drawing inference about long-term trends in adult steelhead abundance, they are limited for determining the status of steelhead escapement or distribution at the population or MPG scale because survey sites are not randomly selected and are likely biased towards streams with higher fish abundance. A broader approach to the monitoring and evaluation of status and trends in anadromous and resident salmonid populations and their habitats was needed to provide data to effectively support restoration efforts and guide alternative future management actions in the basin. The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP) recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP recommendation, the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program were extended to the John Day basin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). This research effort employs a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The current program seeks to integrate project objectives focused on summer steelhead spawning metrics, juvenile salmonid metrics, and aquatic habitat conditions. Close

• 77. [Article] Oregon Chub Investigations, Progress Report 2001

  Abstract -- Populations of Oregon chub Oregonichthys crameri, endemic to the Willamette Valley, have been drastically reduced. Factors in the decline of this fish include changes in flow regimes and habitat ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon Chub Investigations, Progress Report 2001 Abstract -- Populations of Oregon chub Oregonichthys crameri, endemic to the Willamette Valley, have been drastically reduced. Factors in the decline of this fish include changes in flow regimes and habitat characteristics resulting from the construction of flood control dams, revetments, channelization, diking, and the drainage of wetlands. The Oregon chub is further threatened by predation and competition by non-native species such as largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, small mouth bass M. dolomieui, crappies Pomoxis sp., sunfishes Lepomis sp., bullheads Ameiurus sp., and western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. We surveyed in the Willamette River drainage in April-October 2000 to quantify existing Oregon chub populations, search for unknown populations, evaluate potential introduction sites, and monitor introduced populations. We sampled a total of 77 sites in 2000. We collected Oregon chub for the first time from Barnard Slough in the Middle Fork Willamette drainage. Oregon chub were last collected from this location in 1983 (Bond 1984). Thirty-one of the 77 sites were new sites that were sampled for the first time in 2000. Forty-six sites, sampled in 1991-1999, were revisited. Three sites were sampled twice. We confirmed the continued existence of Oregon chub at 20 locations. These include naturally occurring populations in the Santiam drainage (Geren Island, Santiam Conservation Easement, Gray Slough, Santiam 1-5 backwaters, Pioneer Park backwater, Santiam Public Works Pond), Mid-Willamette drainage (Finley Gray Creek Swamp) and Middle Fork Willamette drainage (Dexter Reservoir Alcoves, East Fork Minnow Creek Pond, Shady Dell Pond, Buckhead Creek, Oakridge Slough, Elijah Bristow State Park, Rattlesnake Creek, and Hospital Pond) and introduced populations in the Middle Fork Willamette (Wicopee Pond, Fall Creek Spillway Ponds), Santiam (Foster Pullout Pond), and Mid-Willamette drainages (Dunn Wetland, Finley Display Pond). Oregon chub were not found at several locations (Jasper Park Slough, Wallace Slough, East Ferrin Pond, Dexter East Alcove, Hospital lmpoundment Pond, Logan Slough, Green's Bridge Backwater, Camas Swale) where they were collected on at least one occasion between 1991-1999 (Scheerer et. al. 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995; 1996; 1998; 1999; 2000; Scheerer and Jones 1997). Non-native fish were common in off-channel habitats that were surveyed in the Willamette River drainage. Non-native fish were collected from 23 of the 31 new sites sampled in 1999 (74%); no fish were collected at three locations (10%). Western mosquitofish and centrarchids (largemouth bass and bluegill) were the most common non-native fish collected. Oregon chub were introduced into Menear's Bend Pond in the Santiam River drainage in the October 2000. Additional Oregon chub were introduced into Foster Pullout Pond in October 2000, to supplement the 85 fish introduced in 1999. In the summer of 2000, a habitat enhancement project creating new habitat to benefit Oregon chub was completed in the Long Tom drainage (Mid-Willamette River). Seven potential Oregon chub reintroduction sites were monitored and evaluated. These included four sites in the Mid-Willamette River drainage (Finley National Wildlife Refuge Beaver and Cattail Ponds, Ankeny National Wildlife Refuge Dunlin-Woodduck Pond, Long Tom Ranch Pond), one site in the Santiam River drainage (Menear's Bend Pond), one site in the McKenzie River drainage (Russell Pond), and one site in the Coast Fork Willamette drainage (Layng Pond). Estimates of abundance were obtained for naturally occurring populations of Oregon chub in East Fork Minnow Creek Pond, Shady Dell Pond, Elijah Bristow State Park Sloughs, Hospital Pond, Dexter Reservoir Alcoves, Buckhead Creek, Oakridge Slough, Santiam Conservation Easement Sloughs, Geren Island Ponds, and Finley Gray Creek Swamp. Five of these populations showed an increase in abundance in 2000 (East Fork Minnow Creek Pond, Shady Dell Pond, Middle Buckhead Creek, Dexter Reservoir Alcoves, Finley Gray Creek Swamp). Four populations decreased in abundance (or remain depressed) in 2000 (Geren Island, Santiam Conservation Easement, Elijah Bristow Sloughs, Oakridge Slough) (Table 1 ). Abundance estimates for introduced populations of Oregon chub were also obtained. The Oregon chub population in East Ferrin Pond declined from 7,200 fish in 1997 to O fish in 2000, and is presumed extinct. The Oregon chub population in the Fall Creek Spillway Pond totaled 5,030 fish in 2000, compared to 6,300 fish in 1999. The Oregon chub population in Wicopee Pond expanded dramatically from ~50 fish in 1999 to 4,580 fish in 2000. The Oregon chub population in the Dunn Wetland Ponds increased from 4,860 fish in 1999 to 14,090 fish in 2000. The Oregon chub population in Finley Display Pond increased from 360 fish in 1999 to 1,750 fish in 2000. Three of the four largest populations in 2000 were introduced populations. The Middle Fork Willamette River drainage supported the largest number of Oregon chub populations (n=12), followed by the Santiam drainage (n=B), and the Mid-Willamette drainage (n=5). The most abundant Oregon chub populations were found in the Middle Fork Willamette and Mid-Willamette drainages. The Oregon Chub Recovery Plan (U .S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998) set a recovery goal for downlisting the species to "threatened" and for delisting the species. The criteria for downlisting the species was to establish and manage ten populations of at least 500 adult fish. All populations must exhibit a stable or increasing trend for five years. At least three populations must be located in each of the three sub-basins (Middle Fork Willamette River, Santiam River, Mid-Willamette River tributaries). In 2000, there were 11 populations totaling 500 or more individuals and six of these populations exhibited a stable or increasing trend for the past five years (Table 1 ). Five of these six populations were located in the Middle Fork Willamette drainage. In summary, Oregon chub remain at risk due to their limited distribution compared with their historic geographic range in the Willamette Valley, the loss of suitable habitat and the continued threats posed by the proliferation of non-native fishes, illegal water withdrawals, unauthorized fill and removal operations, and potential chemical spills or careless pesticide applications. Title: Oregon Chub Investigations, Progress Report 2001 Abstract -- Populations of Oregon chub Oregonichthys crameri, endemic to the Willamette Valley, have been drastically reduced. Factors in the decline of this fish include changes in flow regimes and habitat characteristics resulting from the construction of flood control dams, revetments, channelization, diking, and the drainage of wetlands. The Oregon chub is further threatened by predation and competition by non-native species such as largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides, small mouth bass M. dolomieui, crappies Pomoxis sp., sunfishes Lepomis sp., bullheads Ameiurus sp., and western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. We surveyed in the Willamette River drainage in April-October 2000 to quantify existing Oregon chub populations, search for unknown populations, evaluate potential introduction sites, and monitor introduced populations. We sampled a total of 77 sites in 2000. We collected Oregon chub for the first time from Barnard Slough in the Middle Fork Willamette drainage. Oregon chub were last collected from this location in 1983 (Bond 1984). Thirty-one of the 77 sites were new sites that were sampled for the first time in 2000. Forty-six sites, sampled in 1991-1999, were revisited. Three sites were sampled twice. We confirmed the continued existence of Oregon chub at 20 locations. These include naturally occurring populations in the Santiam drainage (Geren Island, Santiam Conservation Easement, Gray Slough, Santiam 1-5 backwaters, Pioneer Park backwater, Santiam Public Works Pond), Mid-Willamette drainage (Finley Gray Creek Swamp) and Middle Fork Willamette drainage (Dexter Reservoir Alcoves, East Fork Minnow Creek Pond, Shady Dell Pond, Buckhead Creek, Oakridge Slough, Elijah Bristow State Park, Rattlesnake Creek, and Hospital Pond) and introduced populations in the Middle Fork Willamette (Wicopee Pond, Fall Creek Spillway Ponds), Santiam (Foster Pullout Pond), and Mid-Willamette drainages (Dunn Wetland, Finley Display Pond). Oregon chub were not found at several locations (Jasper Park Slough, Wallace Slough, East Ferrin Pond, Dexter East Alcove, Hospital lmpoundment Pond, Logan Slough, Green's Bridge Backwater, Camas Swale) where they were collected on at least one occasion between 1991-1999 (Scheerer et. al. 1992; 1993; 1994; 1995; 1996; 1998; 1999; 2000; Scheerer and Jones 1997). Non-native fish were common in off-channel habitats that were surveyed in the Willamette River drainage. Non-native fish were collected from 23 of the 31 new sites sampled in 1999 (74%); no fish were collected at three locations (10%). Western mosquitofish and centrarchids (largemouth bass and bluegill) were the most common non-native fish collected. Oregon chub were introduced into Menear's Bend Pond in the Santiam River drainage in the October 2000. Additional Oregon chub were introduced into Foster Pullout Pond in October 2000, to supplement the 85 fish introduced in 1999. In the summer of 2000, a habitat enhancement project creating new habitat to benefit Oregon chub was completed in the Long Tom drainage (Mid-Willamette River). Seven potential Oregon chub reintroduction sites were monitored and evaluated. These included four sites in the Mid-Willamette River drainage (Finley National Wildlife Refuge Beaver and Cattail Ponds, Ankeny National Wildlife Refuge Dunlin-Woodduck Pond, Long Tom Ranch Pond), one site in the Santiam River drainage (Menear's Bend Pond), one site in the McKenzie River drainage (Russell Pond), and one site in the Coast Fork Willamette drainage (Layng Pond). Estimates of abundance were obtained for naturally occurring populations of Oregon chub in East Fork Minnow Creek Pond, Shady Dell Pond, Elijah Bristow State Park Sloughs, Hospital Pond, Dexter Reservoir Alcoves, Buckhead Creek, Oakridge Slough, Santiam Conservation Easement Sloughs, Geren Island Ponds, and Finley Gray Creek Swamp. Five of these populations showed an increase in abundance in 2000 (East Fork Minnow Creek Pond, Shady Dell Pond, Middle Buckhead Creek, Dexter Reservoir Alcoves, Finley Gray Creek Swamp). Four populations decreased in abundance (or remain depressed) in 2000 (Geren Island, Santiam Conservation Easement, Elijah Bristow Sloughs, Oakridge Slough) (Table 1 ). Abundance estimates for introduced populations of Oregon chub were also obtained. The Oregon chub population in East Ferrin Pond declined from 7,200 fish in 1997 to O fish in 2000, and is presumed extinct. The Oregon chub population in the Fall Creek Spillway Pond totaled 5,030 fish in 2000, compared to 6,300 fish in 1999. The Oregon chub population in Wicopee Pond expanded dramatically from ~50 fish in 1999 to 4,580 fish in 2000. The Oregon chub population in the Dunn Wetland Ponds increased from 4,860 fish in 1999 to 14,090 fish in 2000. The Oregon chub population in Finley Display Pond increased from 360 fish in 1999 to 1,750 fish in 2000. Three of the four largest populations in 2000 were introduced populations. The Middle Fork Willamette River drainage supported the largest number of Oregon chub populations (n=12), followed by the Santiam drainage (n=B), and the Mid-Willamette drainage (n=5). The most abundant Oregon chub populations were found in the Middle Fork Willamette and Mid-Willamette drainages. The Oregon Chub Recovery Plan (U .S. Fish and Wildlife Service 1998) set a recovery goal for downlisting the species to "threatened" and for delisting the species. The criteria for downlisting the species was to establish and manage ten populations of at least 500 adult fish. All populations must exhibit a stable or increasing trend for five years. At least three populations must be located in each of the three sub-basins (Middle Fork Willamette River, Santiam River, Mid-Willamette River tributaries). In 2000, there were 11 populations totaling 500 or more individuals and six of these populations exhibited a stable or increasing trend for the past five years (Table 1 ). Five of these six populations were located in the Middle Fork Willamette drainage. In summary, Oregon chub remain at risk due to their limited distribution compared with their historic geographic range in the Willamette Valley, the loss of suitable habitat and the continued threats posed by the proliferation of non-native fishes, illegal water withdrawals, unauthorized fill and removal operations, and potential chemical spills or careless pesticide applications. Close

• 78. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002-2005 Final Report

  Abstract -- RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The number of hatchery Chinook spawning with wild fish upstream of Leaburg Dam should be reduced. The percentage of carcasses from hatchery fish in spawning areas upstream ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002-2005 Final Report Abstract -- RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The number of hatchery Chinook spawning with wild fish upstream of Leaburg Dam should be reduced. The percentage of carcasses from hatchery fish in spawning areas upstream of the dam averaged over 30% in 2001–2004, with percentages exceeding 60% in the South Fork McKenzie River and areas downstream. The number of hatchery adults could be reduced by reducing the number of hatchery smolts released in the McKenzie River, by excluding hatchery adults from passing Leaburg Dam, by increasing the percentage of returning hatchery fish that home to the hatchery, or by a combination of these actions. 2. The number of hatchery and naturally produced Chinook spawning naturally, the number and distribution of redds and age at return of naturally produced Chinook should be determined annually for each of the Chinook populations in the Upper Willamette ESU. 3. Video recording systems should be installed at Bennett dams on the North Santiam and at Lebanon Dam on the South Santiam to count adipose clipped and non fin-clipped Chinook, and winter steelhead. 4. The extent and causes of pre-spawning mortality of Chinook in the North Santiam, South Santiam and Middle Fork Willamette rivers should be determined. High pre-spawning mortality in these rivers could limit natural production. 5. Rearing and release methods for hatchery spring Chinook smolts should be evaluated and modified to reduce straying by returning adults to streams other than where they were released. Rearing and release strategies for hatchery Chinook should be evaluated (e.g., outmigration and use of rearing habitat) for potential effects on wild juvenile chinook. 6. The number of naturally produced Chinook incorporated into hatchery broodstocks should be monitored by collecting and analyzing otoliths of non fin-clipped fish. 7. The number of Chinook fry consumed by hatchery rainbow trout in the McKenzie River could be substantial and needs to be determined. 8. Restricting the trout season in Foster Reservoir to late April or late May through October and delaying releases of hatchery trout would better protect wild steelhead smolts, and would be consistent with regulations for North Fork Reservoir (Clackamas River) where there is a fishery for stocked trout and naturally produced steelhead smolts are also present. 9. Samples should be collected from wild steelhead smolts in the North Santiam and South Santiam to determine the extent of natural reproduction by summer steelhead and genetic introgression with native winter steelhead. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002-2005 Final Report Abstract -- RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The number of hatchery Chinook spawning with wild fish upstream of Leaburg Dam should be reduced. The percentage of carcasses from hatchery fish in spawning areas upstream of the dam averaged over 30% in 2001–2004, with percentages exceeding 60% in the South Fork McKenzie River and areas downstream. The number of hatchery adults could be reduced by reducing the number of hatchery smolts released in the McKenzie River, by excluding hatchery adults from passing Leaburg Dam, by increasing the percentage of returning hatchery fish that home to the hatchery, or by a combination of these actions. 2. The number of hatchery and naturally produced Chinook spawning naturally, the number and distribution of redds and age at return of naturally produced Chinook should be determined annually for each of the Chinook populations in the Upper Willamette ESU. 3. Video recording systems should be installed at Bennett dams on the North Santiam and at Lebanon Dam on the South Santiam to count adipose clipped and non fin-clipped Chinook, and winter steelhead. 4. The extent and causes of pre-spawning mortality of Chinook in the North Santiam, South Santiam and Middle Fork Willamette rivers should be determined. High pre-spawning mortality in these rivers could limit natural production. 5. Rearing and release methods for hatchery spring Chinook smolts should be evaluated and modified to reduce straying by returning adults to streams other than where they were released. Rearing and release strategies for hatchery Chinook should be evaluated (e.g., outmigration and use of rearing habitat) for potential effects on wild juvenile chinook. 6. The number of naturally produced Chinook incorporated into hatchery broodstocks should be monitored by collecting and analyzing otoliths of non fin-clipped fish. 7. The number of Chinook fry consumed by hatchery rainbow trout in the McKenzie River could be substantial and needs to be determined. 8. Restricting the trout season in Foster Reservoir to late April or late May through October and delaying releases of hatchery trout would better protect wild steelhead smolts, and would be consistent with regulations for North Fork Reservoir (Clackamas River) where there is a fishery for stocked trout and naturally produced steelhead smolts are also present. 9. Samples should be collected from wild steelhead smolts in the North Santiam and South Santiam to determine the extent of natural reproduction by summer steelhead and genetic introgression with native winter steelhead. Close

• 79. [Article] Chinook Salmon Recreational Fishery Creel Survey on Lookingglass Creek for the 2001 Run Year

  Abstract -- In 2001, a large number of hatchery origin Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, 1,717, were expected to return to Lookingglass Creek. Most of the projected returns were from the Rapid River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Chinook Salmon Recreational Fishery Creel Survey on Lookingglass Creek for the 2001 Run Year Abstract -- In 2001, a large number of hatchery origin Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, 1,717, were expected to return to Lookingglass Creek. Most of the projected returns were from the Rapid River stock, a non-native hatchery stock of salmon that was no longer in use in the basin due to its non-local origin and high stray rates. Concern over potential disease transmission to Endangered Species Act listed stocks of Chinook salmon being reared at Lookingglass Fish Hatchery led to a management decision to not allow Chinook salmon spawning above the hatchery and to limit spawning to a short section of stream below the hatchery water intake. Because most returning Chinook salmon were from a stock that was no longer in use in hatchery programs in the basin and co-managers had decided that it was undesirable that they spawn in the wild, co-managers decided to remove as many as possible from the stream by providing recreational and tribal fishing opportunities. Recreational angling for Chinook salmon was allowed on Lookingglass Creek from 26 May through 1 July 2001. An intensive creel survey was conducted to monitor angling effort, catch rates and impacts on nontarget stocks and species. We conducted 1,606 angler interviews during the 2001 season on Lookingglass Creek. We estimate that 741 Chinook salmon were caught and 541 were kept by anglers. Catch rates were good throughout the season with mean catch rates of 12.0 and 12.3 h/fish in May and June, respectively, and 8.7 h/fish on 1 July. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Chinook Salmon Recreational Fishery Creel Survey on Lookingglass Creek for the 2001 Run Year Abstract -- In 2001, a large number of hatchery origin Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, 1,717, were expected to return to Lookingglass Creek. Most of the projected returns were from the Rapid River stock, a non-native hatchery stock of salmon that was no longer in use in the basin due to its non-local origin and high stray rates. Concern over potential disease transmission to Endangered Species Act listed stocks of Chinook salmon being reared at Lookingglass Fish Hatchery led to a management decision to not allow Chinook salmon spawning above the hatchery and to limit spawning to a short section of stream below the hatchery water intake. Because most returning Chinook salmon were from a stock that was no longer in use in hatchery programs in the basin and co-managers had decided that it was undesirable that they spawn in the wild, co-managers decided to remove as many as possible from the stream by providing recreational and tribal fishing opportunities. Recreational angling for Chinook salmon was allowed on Lookingglass Creek from 26 May through 1 July 2001. An intensive creel survey was conducted to monitor angling effort, catch rates and impacts on nontarget stocks and species. We conducted 1,606 angler interviews during the 2001 season on Lookingglass Creek. We estimate that 741 Chinook salmon were caught and 541 were kept by anglers. Catch rates were good throughout the season with mean catch rates of 12.0 and 12.3 h/fish in May and June, respectively, and 8.7 h/fish on 1 July. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 80. [Article] Prevalence of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Natural vs. Hatchery-Reared Adult Chinook Salmon Spawned in a Hatchery and in Nature Information Reports number 2009-06

  Abstract -- Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a major health problem of cultured Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus sp. It has been particularly problematic in captive broodstock programs, where the interests ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Prevalence of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Natural vs. Hatchery-Reared Adult Chinook Salmon Spawned in a Hatchery and in Nature Information Reports number 2009-06 Abstract -- Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a major health problem of cultured Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus sp. It has been particularly problematic in captive broodstock programs, where the interests of gene conservation and fish health can conflict when spawning females with signs of BKD. Not rearing those fish reduces the genetic diversity of an already depleted population, while rearing those fish may increase the prevalence of BKD in the natural population. We used data collected during spawning at Lookingglass Fish hatchery and on spawning ground surveys to examine the prevalence of BKD, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density (ELISA OD) values, to monitor the prevalence of BKD in natural and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha from Grande Ronde and Imnaha basin streams in northeast Oregon. Mean ELISA OD levels differed among all sampled streams from 2004-2008 and was lowest in the Imnaha River salmon (0.0839) and highest in the Minam River (0.1750). Salmon spawned at LFH had a lower mean ELISA OD level (0.086) than those collected from carcasses on spawning ground surveys (0.118). Natural salmon mean ELISA OD level was 0.1058 and 97% were from salmon with ELISA OD level <0.2 and in hatchery salmon, 96% had an ELISA OD level <0.2 and mean ELISA OD level was 0.1138, with no difference between the groups. Over 17 years in the Imnaha River we see no difference in mean ELISA OD levels between natural and hatchery Chinook salmon. There was no difference in mean ELISA OD levels between adult Chinook salmon from wilderness (0.1663) vs. supplemented (0.1184) streams. However, when comparing mean ELISA OD for only natural Chinook salmon carcasses recovered in these streams, we found that mean ELISA OD level was higher in the wilderness streams (0.1676) than in the supplemented streams. Returning adults from the Captive Broodstock F1 generation had a higher mean ELISA OD level (0.1349) than those of Conventional Hatchery Program offspring (0.0957). Annual mean ELISA OD level decreased over time in the Lostine River stock but did not change for any of the other stocks. The data for BKD in Chinook salmon from northeast Oregon streams and hatcheries show that this disease is not prevalent and we found no evidence that the release of hatchery salmon is causing an increase in BKD prevalence in the monitored streams. However, we will continue to monitor this disease. Title: Prevalence of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Natural vs. Hatchery-Reared Adult Chinook Salmon Spawned in a Hatchery and in Nature Information Reports number 2009-06 Abstract -- Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a major health problem of cultured Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus sp. It has been particularly problematic in captive broodstock programs, where the interests of gene conservation and fish health can conflict when spawning females with signs of BKD. Not rearing those fish reduces the genetic diversity of an already depleted population, while rearing those fish may increase the prevalence of BKD in the natural population. We used data collected during spawning at Lookingglass Fish hatchery and on spawning ground surveys to examine the prevalence of BKD, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density (ELISA OD) values, to monitor the prevalence of BKD in natural and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha from Grande Ronde and Imnaha basin streams in northeast Oregon. Mean ELISA OD levels differed among all sampled streams from 2004-2008 and was lowest in the Imnaha River salmon (0.0839) and highest in the Minam River (0.1750). Salmon spawned at LFH had a lower mean ELISA OD level (0.086) than those collected from carcasses on spawning ground surveys (0.118). Natural salmon mean ELISA OD level was 0.1058 and 97% were from salmon with ELISA OD level <0.2 and in hatchery salmon, 96% had an ELISA OD level <0.2 and mean ELISA OD level was 0.1138, with no difference between the groups. Over 17 years in the Imnaha River we see no difference in mean ELISA OD levels between natural and hatchery Chinook salmon. There was no difference in mean ELISA OD levels between adult Chinook salmon from wilderness (0.1663) vs. supplemented (0.1184) streams. However, when comparing mean ELISA OD for only natural Chinook salmon carcasses recovered in these streams, we found that mean ELISA OD level was higher in the wilderness streams (0.1676) than in the supplemented streams. Returning adults from the Captive Broodstock F1 generation had a higher mean ELISA OD level (0.1349) than those of Conventional Hatchery Program offspring (0.0957). Annual mean ELISA OD level decreased over time in the Lostine River stock but did not change for any of the other stocks. The data for BKD in Chinook salmon from northeast Oregon streams and hatcheries show that this disease is not prevalent and we found no evidence that the release of hatchery salmon is causing an increase in BKD prevalence in the monitored streams. However, we will continue to monitor this disease. Close

• 81. [Article] Tenmile Lake Basin Partnership - OWEB Final Report: Grant 217-2051

  Abstract -- Pacific Lamprey are native to the Tenmile Watershed and culturally important to the local Native American Tribes. Likewise, Salmon and Steelhead have both an economic and cultural significance ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tenmile Lake Basin Partnership - OWEB Final Report: Grant 217-2051 Abstract -- Pacific Lamprey are native to the Tenmile Watershed and culturally important to the local Native American Tribes. Likewise, Salmon and Steelhead have both an economic and cultural significance to the local citizens and Tribes. Pacific Lamprey were historically harvested by the people of the Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians (CTCLUSI), but it was unknown if Pacific Lamprey were still present in the Tenmile Watershed. A fish trap was built on Eel Lake by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1989 for the purpose of fish capture and rearing. The trap is effective in capturing Salmon and Steelhead but may act as a barrier to the passage of Pacific Lamprey. This monitoring effort was designed to assess the presence/absence of Pacific Lamprey in the Tenmile Watershed, identify migration timing, potential lamprey passage barriers and rearing/spawning habitats, and collect and organize data from Eel Lake Trap on native Coho, Cutthroat, and native/hatchery Steelhead returns and trends. Lamprey larvae (ammocoete) monitoring was conducted in the summer of 2017 using electro-shockers. Shocking occurred on 3 tributaries of Tenmile Lakes (Big Creek, Johnson Creek, and Shutter Creek), and 3 creeks within the Eel Lake basin (Eel Creek, Clear Creek, and Winters Arm Creek). Two species of lamprey were identified, Western Brook (Lampetra richardsoni) and Pacific (Entosphenus tridentatus). Western Brook were found in all sampled Tenmile Lakes Basin streams, but only in the streams above Eel Lake Trap in the Eel Lake Basin. No Western Brook were identified in Eel Creek below the Trap. Pacific Lamprey were found in Johnson Creek and Big Creek in the Tenmile Lakes Basin, and in Eel Creek in the Eel Lake Basin. No Pacific Lamprey were identified above the Eel Lake Trap, suggesting that it may act as a complete passage barrier to that species. In addition, over 200 adult Pacific Lamprey were salvaged from an ODOT culvert enhancement project on Eel Creek near Hwy 101. Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified upstream of this project, but it is likely that it was a partial barrier. Two other ODOT culverts were identified as potential partial lamprey barriers on Eel Cr. Spawning areas for Pacific and Western Brook Lamprey are similar to spawning areas for salmon. Upper reaches of all the Tenmile Lake tributaries have appropriate spawning gravel. Lower stream areas are often high in sediment which is conducive to rearing lamprey larvae. This was confirmed in Johnson creek with high numbers of Pacific Lamprey larvae found at the mouth as it enters South Tenmile Lake. Farther upstream in the Johnson Creek system, larvae were abundant, but much smaller with many being too small to identify (<65mm). Western Brook larvae were found, but no Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified, perhaps amongst those unidentified specimens. Western Brook ammocoetes were also found at the lower site on Johnson Creek, and in Big Creek and Shutter Creek. Pacific Lamprey migration into the watershed is difficult to determine due to the elusive nature of the species and their life cycle trait of migrating in from the ocean in the spring of one year, then holding over until the next spring before spawning. When specimens are captured, it is difficult to determine whether it is a fresh migrant or last year’s holdover. Even if it can be determined which year it is from, it is still difficult to know how long it has been in the system before it was captured. In Phase 2 of this project, we will capture Pacific Lamprey either in traps near the mouth of Eel Cr, or at the lower culverts. This should give us a better sense of migration timing. Native Coho salmon counts at Eel Lake Trap were down significantly from the recorded high at the Trap of 441 in 2012, with only 66 native Coho returning in 2018 (the winter of 2017-2018). The previous 2 years were also low with 2016 and 2017 showing returns of only 53 and 118 respectively. The Coho numbers for most of the Oregon Coast also showed low returns. Hatchery Winter Steelhead counts were 502 for 2018. This compares to a record high of 828 in 2007, 595 in 2016, and 226 in 2017. Returning native Steelhead only numbered 10 for the 2018 season. The average return for Native Steelhead is 24. In 2018, 60 Steelhead were spawned including 2 native males, but no native females. 252 hatchery Steelhead were recycled into Saunders Lake, and 148 into Butterfield Lake. ODFW allocated 25,000 smolts for the Tenmile Watershed, which were acclimated and then released in April 2018. Title: Tenmile Lake Basin Partnership - OWEB Final Report: Grant 217-2051 Abstract -- Pacific Lamprey are native to the Tenmile Watershed and culturally important to the local Native American Tribes. Likewise, Salmon and Steelhead have both an economic and cultural significance to the local citizens and Tribes. Pacific Lamprey were historically harvested by the people of the Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians (CTCLUSI), but it was unknown if Pacific Lamprey were still present in the Tenmile Watershed. A fish trap was built on Eel Lake by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1989 for the purpose of fish capture and rearing. The trap is effective in capturing Salmon and Steelhead but may act as a barrier to the passage of Pacific Lamprey. This monitoring effort was designed to assess the presence/absence of Pacific Lamprey in the Tenmile Watershed, identify migration timing, potential lamprey passage barriers and rearing/spawning habitats, and collect and organize data from Eel Lake Trap on native Coho, Cutthroat, and native/hatchery Steelhead returns and trends. Lamprey larvae (ammocoete) monitoring was conducted in the summer of 2017 using electro-shockers. Shocking occurred on 3 tributaries of Tenmile Lakes (Big Creek, Johnson Creek, and Shutter Creek), and 3 creeks within the Eel Lake basin (Eel Creek, Clear Creek, and Winters Arm Creek). Two species of lamprey were identified, Western Brook (Lampetra richardsoni) and Pacific (Entosphenus tridentatus). Western Brook were found in all sampled Tenmile Lakes Basin streams, but only in the streams above Eel Lake Trap in the Eel Lake Basin. No Western Brook were identified in Eel Creek below the Trap. Pacific Lamprey were found in Johnson Creek and Big Creek in the Tenmile Lakes Basin, and in Eel Creek in the Eel Lake Basin. No Pacific Lamprey were identified above the Eel Lake Trap, suggesting that it may act as a complete passage barrier to that species. In addition, over 200 adult Pacific Lamprey were salvaged from an ODOT culvert enhancement project on Eel Creek near Hwy 101. Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified upstream of this project, but it is likely that it was a partial barrier. Two other ODOT culverts were identified as potential partial lamprey barriers on Eel Cr. Spawning areas for Pacific and Western Brook Lamprey are similar to spawning areas for salmon. Upper reaches of all the Tenmile Lake tributaries have appropriate spawning gravel. Lower stream areas are often high in sediment which is conducive to rearing lamprey larvae. This was confirmed in Johnson creek with high numbers of Pacific Lamprey larvae found at the mouth as it enters South Tenmile Lake. Farther upstream in the Johnson Creek system, larvae were abundant, but much smaller with many being too small to identify (<65mm). Western Brook larvae were found, but no Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified, perhaps amongst those unidentified specimens. Western Brook ammocoetes were also found at the lower site on Johnson Creek, and in Big Creek and Shutter Creek. Pacific Lamprey migration into the watershed is difficult to determine due to the elusive nature of the species and their life cycle trait of migrating in from the ocean in the spring of one year, then holding over until the next spring before spawning. When specimens are captured, it is difficult to determine whether it is a fresh migrant or last year’s holdover. Even if it can be determined which year it is from, it is still difficult to know how long it has been in the system before it was captured. In Phase 2 of this project, we will capture Pacific Lamprey either in traps near the mouth of Eel Cr, or at the lower culverts. This should give us a better sense of migration timing. Native Coho salmon counts at Eel Lake Trap were down significantly from the recorded high at the Trap of 441 in 2012, with only 66 native Coho returning in 2018 (the winter of 2017-2018). The previous 2 years were also low with 2016 and 2017 showing returns of only 53 and 118 respectively. The Coho numbers for most of the Oregon Coast also showed low returns. Hatchery Winter Steelhead counts were 502 for 2018. This compares to a record high of 828 in 2007, 595 in 2016, and 226 in 2017. Returning native Steelhead only numbered 10 for the 2018 season. The average return for Native Steelhead is 24. In 2018, 60 Steelhead were spawned including 2 native males, but no native females. 252 hatchery Steelhead were recycled into Saunders Lake, and 148 into Butterfield Lake. ODFW allocated 25,000 smolts for the Tenmile Watershed, which were acclimated and then released in April 2018. Close

• 82. [Article] Spring Chinook Salmon in the Willamette and Sandy Rivers, October 2003 through September 2004

  Abstract -- The Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted the Native Fish Conservation Policy (ODFW 2003a) and the Hatchery Management Policy (ODFW 2003b) in part to reduce adverse impacts of hatchery ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Spring Chinook Salmon in the Willamette and Sandy Rivers, October 2003 through September 2004 Abstract -- The Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted the Native Fish Conservation Policy (ODFW 2003a) and the Hatchery Management Policy (ODFW 2003b) in part to reduce adverse impacts of hatchery programs on wild native stocks. The Native Fish Conservation Policy recognizes that naturally produced native fish are the foundation for long-term sustainability of native species and hatchery programs, and the fisheries they support. In the past, hatchery programs and fish passage issues were the focus of spring Chinook salmon management in the Willamette and Sandy basins. Limited information was collected on the genetic structure among basin populations, on abundance and distribution of natural spawning, on rearing and migrating of juvenile salmon, or on strategies for reducing risks that large hatchery programs pose for wild salmon populations. This study was implemented to gather this information. Annual reports (available for 1996-2004 for this project) summarize data and are available at the above website. Title: Spring Chinook Salmon in the Willamette and Sandy Rivers, October 2003 through September 2004 Abstract -- The Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission adopted the Native Fish Conservation Policy (ODFW 2003a) and the Hatchery Management Policy (ODFW 2003b) in part to reduce adverse impacts of hatchery programs on wild native stocks. The Native Fish Conservation Policy recognizes that naturally produced native fish are the foundation for long-term sustainability of native species and hatchery programs, and the fisheries they support. In the past, hatchery programs and fish passage issues were the focus of spring Chinook salmon management in the Willamette and Sandy basins. Limited information was collected on the genetic structure among basin populations, on abundance and distribution of natural spawning, on rearing and migrating of juvenile salmon, or on strategies for reducing risks that large hatchery programs pose for wild salmon populations. This study was implemented to gather this information. Annual reports (available for 1996-2004 for this project) summarize data and are available at the above website. Close

• 83. [Article] Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan: Olalla Creek Tributary of the Yaquina Estuary

  Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Olalla Creek subbasin in Lincoln County, Oregon. The report contains information ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan: Olalla Creek Tributary of the Yaquina Estuary Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Olalla Creek subbasin in Lincoln County, Oregon. The report contains information on the physical setting, current status of Coho, resources used in developing the plan, general questions that guided the assessment, pre-survey mapping/location of habitat subdivisions, secondary branch habitats, critical contributing areas, lowland area, summer and winter habitat assessment, lake habitat, location of other resources, juvenile Coho, evaluation of habitat quality and Coho production, Field Assessment, location of potential migration barriers, potential sites for restoration work, morphology, rank of restoration efforts, riparian corridor, and core area. Title: Limiting Factors Assessment and Restoration Plan: Olalla Creek Tributary of the Yaquina Estuary Abstract -- This document provides watershed restoration actions proposed to enhance the Coho Salmon population within the Olalla Creek subbasin in Lincoln County, Oregon. The report contains information on the physical setting, current status of Coho, resources used in developing the plan, general questions that guided the assessment, pre-survey mapping/location of habitat subdivisions, secondary branch habitats, critical contributing areas, lowland area, summer and winter habitat assessment, lake habitat, location of other resources, juvenile Coho, evaluation of habitat quality and Coho production, Field Assessment, location of potential migration barriers, potential sites for restoration work, morphology, rank of restoration efforts, riparian corridor, and core area. Close

• 84. [Article] Prevalence of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Natural vs. Hatchery-Reared Adult Chinook Salmon Spawned in a Hatchery and in Nature - Information Report 2009

  Abstract -- Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a major health problem of cultured Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus sp. It has been particularly problematic in captive broodstock programs, where the interests ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Prevalence of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Natural vs. Hatchery-Reared Adult Chinook Salmon Spawned in a Hatchery and in Nature - Information Report 2009 Abstract -- Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a major health problem of cultured Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus sp. It has been particularly problematic in captive broodstock programs, where the interests of gene conservation and fish health can conflict when spawning females with signs of BKD. Not rearing those fish reduces the genetic diversity of an already depleted population, while rearing those fish may increase the prevalence of BKD in the natural population. We used data collected during spawning at Lookingglass Fish hatchery and on spawning ground surveys to examine the prevalence of BKD, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density (ELISA OD) values, to monitor the prevalence of BKD in natural and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha from Grande Ronde and Imnaha basin streams in northeast Oregon. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Prevalence of Bacterial Kidney Disease in Natural vs. Hatchery-Reared Adult Chinook Salmon Spawned in a Hatchery and in Nature - Information Report 2009 Abstract -- Bacterial kidney disease (BKD) is a major health problem of cultured Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus sp. It has been particularly problematic in captive broodstock programs, where the interests of gene conservation and fish health can conflict when spawning females with signs of BKD. Not rearing those fish reduces the genetic diversity of an already depleted population, while rearing those fish may increase the prevalence of BKD in the natural population. We used data collected during spawning at Lookingglass Fish hatchery and on spawning ground surveys to examine the prevalence of BKD, based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay optical density (ELISA OD) values, to monitor the prevalence of BKD in natural and hatchery-reared Chinook salmon O. tshawytscha from Grande Ronde and Imnaha basin streams in northeast Oregon. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 85. [Article] Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Evaluation Studies - 1995 and 1996 Annual Progress Report

  Abstract -- This report summarizes fish culture monitoring data for Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities for each species. These data should serve as the basis for the analysis of trends ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Evaluation Studies - 1995 and 1996 Annual Progress Report Abstract -- This report summarizes fish culture monitoring data for Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities for each species. These data should serve as the basis for the analysis of trends in culture performance. Generally speaking, the data in this report were derived from hatchery inventories and standard databases (i.e., PSMFC, Coded-wire tag) or through standard measuring techniques. As such, specific protocols are usually not described. In cases where expansions of data or unique methodologies were used, protocols are described in more detail. Additional descriptions of protocols can be found in the 1995 and 1996 work statements (Carmichael 1995, 1996). Coded-wire tag (CWT) data that were collected from 1995-1996 adult returns is used to evaluate smolt-to-adult survival rates in experimental rearing and release groups. In 1995-1996, experimental treatments from which fish returned included acclimated vs. direct stream for steelhead and size-at-release for both steelhead and Chinook. In 1995-1996, experimental treatments for which fish were released included size-at-release, exercise, acclimation, and low density treatments for Chinook, acclimated vs. direct stream for both steelhead and Chinook, and forced vs. volitional release for steelhead. Analysis of specific survival studies will be completed once all brood years have returned and CWT data are complete for a given experiment. In addition, much of the data that we discuss in this report will be used in separate and specific evaluations of ongoing supplementation programs for both steelhead and Chinook in the Imnaha River basin. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Evaluation Studies - 1995 and 1996 Annual Progress Report Abstract -- This report summarizes fish culture monitoring data for Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities for each species. These data should serve as the basis for the analysis of trends in culture performance. Generally speaking, the data in this report were derived from hatchery inventories and standard databases (i.e., PSMFC, Coded-wire tag) or through standard measuring techniques. As such, specific protocols are usually not described. In cases where expansions of data or unique methodologies were used, protocols are described in more detail. Additional descriptions of protocols can be found in the 1995 and 1996 work statements (Carmichael 1995, 1996). Coded-wire tag (CWT) data that were collected from 1995-1996 adult returns is used to evaluate smolt-to-adult survival rates in experimental rearing and release groups. In 1995-1996, experimental treatments from which fish returned included acclimated vs. direct stream for steelhead and size-at-release for both steelhead and Chinook. In 1995-1996, experimental treatments for which fish were released included size-at-release, exercise, acclimation, and low density treatments for Chinook, acclimated vs. direct stream for both steelhead and Chinook, and forced vs. volitional release for steelhead. Analysis of specific survival studies will be completed once all brood years have returned and CWT data are complete for a given experiment. In addition, much of the data that we discuss in this report will be used in separate and specific evaluations of ongoing supplementation programs for both steelhead and Chinook in the Imnaha River basin. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 86. [Article] Steelhead Escapement and Juvenile Production Monitoring in the John Day Basin - Annual Technical Report 2011

  Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Steelhead Escapement and Juvenile Production Monitoring in the John Day Basin - Annual Technical Report 2011 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program were extended to the John Day basin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. EMAP objectives specific to the John Day basin are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, hatchery to wild steelhead stray ratios, juvenile steelhead and other salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources (e.g. life-stage specific survival) not targeted under the EMAP program. This project provides information as directed under two measures of the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. Measure 4.3C specifies that key indicator naturally spawning populations should be monitored to provide detailed stock status information. In addition, measure 7.1C identifies the need for collection of population status, life history, and other data on wild and naturally spawning populations. This project was developed in direct response to the recommendations and needs of regional modeling efforts, the ISRP, the Fish and Wildlife Program, the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, and the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority Multi-Year Implementation Plan. Originator: ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Steelhead Escapement and Juvenile Production Monitoring in the John Day Basin - Annual Technical Report 2011 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program were extended to the John Day basin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. EMAP objectives specific to the John Day basin are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, hatchery to wild steelhead stray ratios, juvenile steelhead and other salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources (e.g. life-stage specific survival) not targeted under the EMAP program. This project provides information as directed under two measures of the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program. Measure 4.3C specifies that key indicator naturally spawning populations should be monitored to provide detailed stock status information. In addition, measure 7.1C identifies the need for collection of population status, life history, and other data on wild and naturally spawning populations. This project was developed in direct response to the recommendations and needs of regional modeling efforts, the ISRP, the Fish and Wildlife Program, the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, and the Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Authority Multi-Year Implementation Plan. Originator: ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 87. [Article] Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Spring Chinook Salmon Evaluation Studies - 1999 Annual Progress Report

  Abstract -- This report summarizes spring Chinook salmon monitoring data for the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities in 1999. The main objective of this report is to document and evaluate ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Spring Chinook Salmon Evaluation Studies - 1999 Annual Progress Report Abstract -- This report summarizes spring Chinook salmon monitoring data for the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities in 1999. The main objective of this report is to document and evaluate salmon culture performance for spring Chinook salmon hatchery programs and achievement of management objectives in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins. These data are used to design culture practices to optimize egg-to-smolt survival rate, smolt quality and smolt-to-adult survival rate. This report provides information on rearing and release operations for the 1997 and 1998 cohorts of juvenile Chinook salmon, the collection, spawning and adult characteristics for the 1999 return of adult Chinook salmon, and the collection of eggs for the 1999 cohort. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Spring Chinook Salmon Evaluation Studies - 1999 Annual Progress Report Abstract -- This report summarizes spring Chinook salmon monitoring data for the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities in 1999. The main objective of this report is to document and evaluate salmon culture performance for spring Chinook salmon hatchery programs and achievement of management objectives in the Grande Ronde and Imnaha river basins. These data are used to design culture practices to optimize egg-to-smolt survival rate, smolt quality and smolt-to-adult survival rate. This report provides information on rearing and release operations for the 1997 and 1998 cohorts of juvenile Chinook salmon, the collection, spawning and adult characteristics for the 1999 return of adult Chinook salmon, and the collection of eggs for the 1999 cohort. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 88. [Article] Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Spring Chinook Salmon Evaluation Studies - 2000 Annual Progress Report

  Abstract -- This report summarizes spring Chinook salmon monitoring data for the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities in 2000. The main objective of this report is to document and evaluate ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Spring Chinook Salmon Evaluation Studies - 2000 Annual Progress Report Abstract -- This report summarizes spring Chinook salmon monitoring data for the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities in 2000. The main objective of this report is to document and evaluate salmon culture performance and achievement of management objectives for spring Chinook salmon hatchery programs in the Imnaha and Grande Ronde river basins. These data are used to design culture practices to optimize egg-to-smolt survival rate, smolt quality and smolt-to-adult survival rate. This report provides information on rearing and release operations for the 1998 and 1999 cohorts of juvenile Chinook salmon, the collection, spawning and adult characteristics for the 2000 return of adult Chinook salmon, and the collection of eggs for the 2000 cohort. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Lower Snake River Compensation Plan; Oregon Spring Chinook Salmon Evaluation Studies - 2000 Annual Progress Report Abstract -- This report summarizes spring Chinook salmon monitoring data for the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) facilities in 2000. The main objective of this report is to document and evaluate salmon culture performance and achievement of management objectives for spring Chinook salmon hatchery programs in the Imnaha and Grande Ronde river basins. These data are used to design culture practices to optimize egg-to-smolt survival rate, smolt quality and smolt-to-adult survival rate. This report provides information on rearing and release operations for the 1998 and 1999 cohorts of juvenile Chinook salmon, the collection, spawning and adult characteristics for the 2000 return of adult Chinook salmon, and the collection of eggs for the 2000 cohort. Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 89. [Article] Abundance Monitoring of Juvenile Salmonids In Oregon Coastal and Lower Columbia Streams, 2007 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2008-1

  Abstract -- As part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated a project in 1998 to monitor the trend in abundance and distribution of juvenile ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Abundance Monitoring of Juvenile Salmonids In Oregon Coastal and Lower Columbia Streams, 2007 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2008-1 Abstract -- As part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated a project in 1998 to monitor the trend in abundance and distribution of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) rearing in Oregon coastal streams. Monitoring is currently designed to provide annual abundance and distribution information at the stratum-scale (described in Jepsen and Leader 2007) for each of several coho evolutionarily significant units (ESU’s) and steelhead distinct population segments (DPS’s), and to eventually use these annual data to provide longterm trend information. Ultimately these juvenile fish data will be used to investigate relationships between freshwater habitat characteristics, adult spawner abundance, and juvenile recruitment. This progress report summarizes abundance and distribution data collected in 2007 for each ESU and DPS, and for the Oregon Coast Coho ESU includes a time series for abundance data for all years of monitoring. A fuller description of the OCC, OCS, SONCC and KMPS sampling frames, study design and survey methods, is found in Jepsen and Rodgers (2004) and for the LCRC and LCRS frames in Jepsen and Leader (2007). The strata are diagramed in Figure 1 and organized in subsequent tables. At a subset of the OCC sites, this project also collects water temperature data and macroinvertebrate data in conjunction with Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. These data will be reported separately, and can be requested from project staff. In addition, the project re-initiated a snorkel and electrofishing verification study in the Smith River basin, which will be summarized in a separate report. Title: Abundance Monitoring of Juvenile Salmonids In Oregon Coastal and Lower Columbia Streams, 2007 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2008-1 Abstract -- As part of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated a project in 1998 to monitor the trend in abundance and distribution of juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) rearing in Oregon coastal streams. Monitoring is currently designed to provide annual abundance and distribution information at the stratum-scale (described in Jepsen and Leader 2007) for each of several coho evolutionarily significant units (ESU’s) and steelhead distinct population segments (DPS’s), and to eventually use these annual data to provide longterm trend information. Ultimately these juvenile fish data will be used to investigate relationships between freshwater habitat characteristics, adult spawner abundance, and juvenile recruitment. This progress report summarizes abundance and distribution data collected in 2007 for each ESU and DPS, and for the Oregon Coast Coho ESU includes a time series for abundance data for all years of monitoring. A fuller description of the OCC, OCS, SONCC and KMPS sampling frames, study design and survey methods, is found in Jepsen and Rodgers (2004) and for the LCRC and LCRS frames in Jepsen and Leader (2007). The strata are diagramed in Figure 1 and organized in subsequent tables. At a subset of the OCC sites, this project also collects water temperature data and macroinvertebrate data in conjunction with Oregon Department of Environmental Quality. These data will be reported separately, and can be requested from project staff. In addition, the project re-initiated a snorkel and electrofishing verification study in the Smith River basin, which will be summarized in a separate report. Close

• 90. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002 Annual Report

  Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002 Annual Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, providing a genetic reserve in the case of extirpation, and providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of Spring Chinook and winter Steelhead within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs four types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, creels to assess fisheries, monitoring of adult and juvenile migration through the use of traps and video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2002 Annual Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, providing a genetic reserve in the case of extirpation, and providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of Spring Chinook and winter Steelhead within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs four types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, creels to assess fisheries, monitoring of adult and juvenile migration through the use of traps and video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Close

• 91. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2003 Annual Report

  Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2003 Annual Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, providing a genetic reserve in the case of extirpation, and providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring chinook and winter steelhead within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs four types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, creels to assess fisheries, monitoring of adult and juvenile migration through the use of traps and video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2003 Annual Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, providing a genetic reserve in the case of extirpation, and providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring chinook and winter steelhead within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs four types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, creels to assess fisheries, monitoring of adult and juvenile migration through the use of traps and video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Close

• 92. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2007 Interim Activities Report

  Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2007 Interim Activities Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, by providing a genetic reserve as well as providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring Chinook within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs three types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, monitoring of adult migration through the use video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2007 Interim Activities Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; NRC 1996; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, by providing a genetic reserve as well as providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring Chinook within the Upper Willamette River ESU. The project employs three types of activities to achieve this goal: sampling of returns to hatcheries, monitoring of adult migration through the use video observations, and monitoring natural production through spawning ground surveys. Close

• 93. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2009 Annual Report

  Abstract -- This report fulfills a requirement under Task Order NWPPM-09-FH-05, covering activities of July 2009–May 2010 that were implemented by ODFW on behalf of the Corps to assist with meeting the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2009 Annual Report Abstract -- This report fulfills a requirement under Task Order NWPPM-09-FH-05, covering activities of July 2009–May 2010 that were implemented by ODFW on behalf of the Corps to assist with meeting the requirements of the reasonable and prudent alternatives (RPAs) and measures prescribed in the Willamette Project Biological Opinion (BiOp) of July 2008 (NOAA 2008). The Corps provided funding to continue ongoing monitoring activities and initiate long-term planning. Primary tasks by species included: Spring Chinook salmon Task 1.1: Determine abundance, distribution, and percent hatchery-origin fish on spawning grounds downstream of federal dams. Task 1.2: Monitor clipped & unclipped fish passing Leaburg and Upper Bennett dams. Task 2.1: Collection, spawn timing, and hatchery/wild composition for broodstock management. Task 2.2: Determine survival of outplanted fish (upstream of federal dams) and abundance of spawners. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2009 Annual Report Abstract -- This report fulfills a requirement under Task Order NWPPM-09-FH-05, covering activities of July 2009–May 2010 that were implemented by ODFW on behalf of the Corps to assist with meeting the requirements of the reasonable and prudent alternatives (RPAs) and measures prescribed in the Willamette Project Biological Opinion (BiOp) of July 2008 (NOAA 2008). The Corps provided funding to continue ongoing monitoring activities and initiate long-term planning. Primary tasks by species included: Spring Chinook salmon Task 1.1: Determine abundance, distribution, and percent hatchery-origin fish on spawning grounds downstream of federal dams. Task 1.2: Monitor clipped & unclipped fish passing Leaburg and Upper Bennett dams. Task 2.1: Collection, spawn timing, and hatchery/wild composition for broodstock management. Task 2.2: Determine survival of outplanted fish (upstream of federal dams) and abundance of spawners. Close

• 94. [Article] ODFW Access and Habitat Areas and Projects in Oregon (2017)

  Abstract -- To show access areas supported by, or associated with, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Access and Habitat Program. For more details see: https://myodfw.com/articles/hunting-private-lands-access-habitat-program; ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: ODFW Access and Habitat Areas and Projects in Oregon (2017) Abstract -- To show access areas supported by, or associated with, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Access and Habitat Program. For more details see: https://myodfw.com/articles/hunting-private-lands-access-habitat-program; http://www.dfw.state.or.us/lands/AH/; Title: ODFW Access and Habitat Areas and Projects in Oregon (2017) Abstract -- To show access areas supported by, or associated with, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) Access and Habitat Program. For more details see: https://myodfw.com/articles/hunting-private-lands-access-habitat-program; http://www.dfw.state.or.us/lands/AH/; Close

• 95. [Article] Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2008 Interim Activities Report

  Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2008 Interim Activities Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, by providing a genetic reserve as well as providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring Chinook within the Upper Willamette River ESU. ODFW submits this report in fulfillment of Task Order NWPOD-08-FH-05 (per Task 3). This report covers activities of July 2008–May 2009 that were implemented by ODFW on behalf of the Corps to assist with meeting the requirements of the reasonable and prudent alternatives and measures prescribed in the Willamette Project Biological Opinion (BiOp) of July 2008 (NOAA 2008). Although a strategy to implement actions identified on the BiOp has not yet been completed, the Corps provided interim funding to continue certain monitoring activities and initiate long-term planning as detailed below: Task 1 (a–f). Monitor straying of hatchery fish on natural spawning grounds in the North Santiam, South Santiam, McKenzie, and Middle Fork Willamette rivers to determine the distribution, abundance and proportion of hatchery and natural-origin fish spawning by: (1) conducting spawning ground surveys downstream of projects and upstream of Detroit and Foster reservoirs; (2) conducting re-surveys to assess variability in redd counts among crews; (3) estimating pre-spawning mortality; (4) estimating the percentage of hatchery-origin spawners using otolith analysis; (5) monitoring fin-clipped and unclipped fish passing Leaburg and upper Bennett dams. Task 2 (a–c). Monitor fin-clipped and unclipped fish entering hatcheries and collection facilities (i.e., record number, origin, length, date of return); determine origin using otolith analysis; collect tissue samples for genetic analysis. Task 4. Work with Corps and/or contractors to develop coordinated monitoring plan for Corps-funded hatchery programs based on requirements in the 2008 BiOp. Title: Willamette Biological Opinion Hatchery Research 2008 Interim Activities Report Abstract -- Possible risks of artificial propagation programs have been well documented. Hazards include disease transfer, competition for food and spawning sites, increased predation, increased incidental mortality from harvest, loss of genetic variability, genetic drift, and domestication (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Hard et al. 1992; Cuenco et al. 1993; Busack and Currens 1995; and Waples 1999). Hatcheries can also play a positive role for wild salmonids by bolstering populations, especially those on the verge of extirpation, by providing a genetic reserve as well as providing opportunities for nutrient enrichment of streams (Steward and Bjornn 1990; Cuenco et al. 1993). The objective of this project is to evaluate the potential effects of hatchery programs on naturally spawning populations of spring Chinook within the Upper Willamette River ESU. ODFW submits this report in fulfillment of Task Order NWPOD-08-FH-05 (per Task 3). This report covers activities of July 2008–May 2009 that were implemented by ODFW on behalf of the Corps to assist with meeting the requirements of the reasonable and prudent alternatives and measures prescribed in the Willamette Project Biological Opinion (BiOp) of July 2008 (NOAA 2008). Although a strategy to implement actions identified on the BiOp has not yet been completed, the Corps provided interim funding to continue certain monitoring activities and initiate long-term planning as detailed below: Task 1 (a–f). Monitor straying of hatchery fish on natural spawning grounds in the North Santiam, South Santiam, McKenzie, and Middle Fork Willamette rivers to determine the distribution, abundance and proportion of hatchery and natural-origin fish spawning by: (1) conducting spawning ground surveys downstream of projects and upstream of Detroit and Foster reservoirs; (2) conducting re-surveys to assess variability in redd counts among crews; (3) estimating pre-spawning mortality; (4) estimating the percentage of hatchery-origin spawners using otolith analysis; (5) monitoring fin-clipped and unclipped fish passing Leaburg and upper Bennett dams. Task 2 (a–c). Monitor fin-clipped and unclipped fish entering hatcheries and collection facilities (i.e., record number, origin, length, date of return); determine origin using otolith analysis; collect tissue samples for genetic analysis. Task 4. Work with Corps and/or contractors to develop coordinated monitoring plan for Corps-funded hatchery programs based on requirements in the 2008 BiOp. Close

• 96. [Article] Recovery of Wild Coho Salmon in Salmon River Basin, 2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-10

  Abstract -- Recovery and conservation of naturally self-sustaining salmon populations is a central goal of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. In 1998, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Recovery of Wild Coho Salmon in Salmon River Basin, 2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-10 Abstract -- Recovery and conservation of naturally self-sustaining salmon populations is a central goal of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. In 1998, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated a comprehensive program to monitor the status of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations and aquatic habitat in coastal drainages of Oregon (OWEB 2003). A 2005 assessment by ODFW concluded that Oregon coastal coho were viable at the scale of the Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) and demonstrated resilience in response to improving ocean conditions. Yet 7 of 21 (33%) individual populations within the ESU failed one or more of five criteria used to assess viability (Chilcote et al. 2005), and it is uncertain whether productivity levels across the ESU will recover sufficiently to withstand future periods of poor ocean conditions. The coho population in Salmon River was the only population in the ESU to fail all five viability criteria. Uncertainty remains about the response of Oregon coastal coho salmon to different combinations of freshwater and marine limiting factors, complicating recovery efforts (Lawson 1993; Lawson et al. 2004; IMST 2006). Such uncertainty cannot be resolved entirely by existing Oregon Plan monitoring programs, which target only a portion of the habitats and coho salmon life stages in large river basins, and with few exceptions (e.g., Johnson et al. 2005), were not designed to test population responses to individual management manipulations. In 2007, in response to the failure of viability criteria, ODFW managers discontinued releases of hatchery coho salmon into Salmon River as one of the primary management actions under the Oregon Conservation Plan for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit (hereafter “coho plan,” Nicholas 2006). This change affords the first opportunity in Oregon to monitor the results of a large scale experiment in removing hatchery coho salmon from a basin for at least four generations (twelve years). Hatchery production has been a centerpiece of salmon management for decades, but rarely has full recovery from hatchery influence been given a chance to succeed. Salmon River offers a test basin to explore whether an independent population of coho salmon can recover from a prolonged period of very low abundance following removal of the primary factor limiting productivity. Here we describe the first year of a study to monitor the dynamics of the coho salmon population in the Salmon River basin on the central Oregon coast and to determine whether management changes targeting both hatchery influence and stream habitat complexity improve population viability. This research will validate assumptions about factors limiting coho recovery and determine whether recovery measures proposed by the Coho Plan have been effective. Our research is designed to document changes in population abundance, distribution, and life history structure of coho salmon following the removal of hatchery coho salmon from the watershed. It integrates adult, juvenile, and habitat components to establish links and describe variability between juvenile performance and adult recovery. It also monitors the coho salmon population across habitat types and life history stages to identify population responses at a landscape scale. We will establish the link between productivity and survival at each salmon life stage and recovery of the adult population. From these indicators, we will determine the potential resiliency of coho salmon, detail the biological benefits/tradeoffs of returning the ecosystem to natural salmon production, and assess whether supplementation should remain an option in Salmon River. As a conceptual framework, our research design and analyses are guided by the “viable salmonid population” criteria identified by McElhany (2000) and modified by Chilcote et al. (2005) and Nicholas (2006), including abundance, productivity, distribution, diversity, and habitat quality. The results of our new research will be integrated with habitat survey and adult population data collected under the existing Oregon Plan monitoring program and coho salmon population and life history data available from previous Salmon River surveys (Mullen 1978, 1979; Cornwell et al. 2001; Bottom et al 2005; Volk et al. in review). Together these data will address four principal objectives: 1. Quantify viability of the coho salmon population before and after hatchery coho salmon are removed from Salmon River. 2. Assess whether viability of the Salmon River coho population is limited by quantity and complexity of stream habitat. 3. Describe the diversity of juvenile and adult life histories of coho salmon in the Salmon River basin and estimate the relative contributions of alternate juvenile life history to adult returns. 4. Determine salmonid use and benefits of restored tidal wetlands before and after hatchery coho salmon are removed from Salmon River. By synthesizing historic data with new information for the Salmon River basin, we will compare population structure during three distinct periods – pre-hatchery (1974-77), hatchery (1990-2008), and post-hatchery (2009-2013). This annual report discusses the activities and findings from 2008, the first year of the multi-year project, including coho salmon distribution and abundance on the Salmon River spawning grounds, juvenile abundance and distribution in the watershed and estuary, migration timing, and life history diversity. Title: Recovery of Wild Coho Salmon in Salmon River Basin, 2008 Report Number: OPSW-ODFW-2009-10 Abstract -- Recovery and conservation of naturally self-sustaining salmon populations is a central goal of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. In 1998, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) initiated a comprehensive program to monitor the status of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) populations and aquatic habitat in coastal drainages of Oregon (OWEB 2003). A 2005 assessment by ODFW concluded that Oregon coastal coho were viable at the scale of the Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) and demonstrated resilience in response to improving ocean conditions. Yet 7 of 21 (33%) individual populations within the ESU failed one or more of five criteria used to assess viability (Chilcote et al. 2005), and it is uncertain whether productivity levels across the ESU will recover sufficiently to withstand future periods of poor ocean conditions. The coho population in Salmon River was the only population in the ESU to fail all five viability criteria. Uncertainty remains about the response of Oregon coastal coho salmon to different combinations of freshwater and marine limiting factors, complicating recovery efforts (Lawson 1993; Lawson et al. 2004; IMST 2006). Such uncertainty cannot be resolved entirely by existing Oregon Plan monitoring programs, which target only a portion of the habitats and coho salmon life stages in large river basins, and with few exceptions (e.g., Johnson et al. 2005), were not designed to test population responses to individual management manipulations. In 2007, in response to the failure of viability criteria, ODFW managers discontinued releases of hatchery coho salmon into Salmon River as one of the primary management actions under the Oregon Conservation Plan for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit (hereafter “coho plan,” Nicholas 2006). This change affords the first opportunity in Oregon to monitor the results of a large scale experiment in removing hatchery coho salmon from a basin for at least four generations (twelve years). Hatchery production has been a centerpiece of salmon management for decades, but rarely has full recovery from hatchery influence been given a chance to succeed. Salmon River offers a test basin to explore whether an independent population of coho salmon can recover from a prolonged period of very low abundance following removal of the primary factor limiting productivity. Here we describe the first year of a study to monitor the dynamics of the coho salmon population in the Salmon River basin on the central Oregon coast and to determine whether management changes targeting both hatchery influence and stream habitat complexity improve population viability. This research will validate assumptions about factors limiting coho recovery and determine whether recovery measures proposed by the Coho Plan have been effective. Our research is designed to document changes in population abundance, distribution, and life history structure of coho salmon following the removal of hatchery coho salmon from the watershed. It integrates adult, juvenile, and habitat components to establish links and describe variability between juvenile performance and adult recovery. It also monitors the coho salmon population across habitat types and life history stages to identify population responses at a landscape scale. We will establish the link between productivity and survival at each salmon life stage and recovery of the adult population. From these indicators, we will determine the potential resiliency of coho salmon, detail the biological benefits/tradeoffs of returning the ecosystem to natural salmon production, and assess whether supplementation should remain an option in Salmon River. As a conceptual framework, our research design and analyses are guided by the “viable salmonid population” criteria identified by McElhany (2000) and modified by Chilcote et al. (2005) and Nicholas (2006), including abundance, productivity, distribution, diversity, and habitat quality. The results of our new research will be integrated with habitat survey and adult population data collected under the existing Oregon Plan monitoring program and coho salmon population and life history data available from previous Salmon River surveys (Mullen 1978, 1979; Cornwell et al. 2001; Bottom et al 2005; Volk et al. in review). Together these data will address four principal objectives: 1. Quantify viability of the coho salmon population before and after hatchery coho salmon are removed from Salmon River. 2. Assess whether viability of the Salmon River coho population is limited by quantity and complexity of stream habitat. 3. Describe the diversity of juvenile and adult life histories of coho salmon in the Salmon River basin and estimate the relative contributions of alternate juvenile life history to adult returns. 4. Determine salmonid use and benefits of restored tidal wetlands before and after hatchery coho salmon are removed from Salmon River. By synthesizing historic data with new information for the Salmon River basin, we will compare population structure during three distinct periods – pre-hatchery (1974-77), hatchery (1990-2008), and post-hatchery (2009-2013). This annual report discusses the activities and findings from 2008, the first year of the multi-year project, including coho salmon distribution and abundance on the Salmon River spawning grounds, juvenile abundance and distribution in the watershed and estuary, migration timing, and life history diversity. Close

• 97. [Article] Mosby Creek Limiting Factors Analysis and Restoration Plan

  Abstract -- The Mosby Creek Limiting Factors Analysis (Rapid Bio-Assessment) assessed stream conditions for native salmonids and prioritized projects of benefit to spring Chinook, cutthroat trout, rainbow ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mosby Creek Limiting Factors Analysis and Restoration Plan Abstract -- The Mosby Creek Limiting Factors Analysis (Rapid Bio-Assessment) assessed stream conditions for native salmonids and prioritized projects of benefit to spring Chinook, cutthroat trout, rainbow trout, and Pacific lamprey in this high-priority, free-flowing stream in the Coast Fork Willamette Watershed. To gain access to private properties adjacent to the 75 miles of surveyed streams, the applicant conducted landowner outreach and coordinated two years of continuous temperature data collection by volunteers. The contractor conducted a modified limiting factors analysis and a snorkel survey in the Mosby Creek main stem and tributaries up to 6 percent gradient. The resulting study results include a prioritized restoration plan that has been shared with local landowners and restoration partners and used for restoration planning. Title: Mosby Creek Limiting Factors Analysis and Restoration Plan Abstract -- The Mosby Creek Limiting Factors Analysis (Rapid Bio-Assessment) assessed stream conditions for native salmonids and prioritized projects of benefit to spring Chinook, cutthroat trout, rainbow trout, and Pacific lamprey in this high-priority, free-flowing stream in the Coast Fork Willamette Watershed. To gain access to private properties adjacent to the 75 miles of surveyed streams, the applicant conducted landowner outreach and coordinated two years of continuous temperature data collection by volunteers. The contractor conducted a modified limiting factors analysis and a snorkel survey in the Mosby Creek main stem and tributaries up to 6 percent gradient. The resulting study results include a prioritized restoration plan that has been shared with local landowners and restoration partners and used for restoration planning. Close

• 98. [Article] Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Technical Report 2004

  Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Technical Report 2004 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, we extended the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program to the John Day subbasin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program, successfully implemented in Oregon’s coastal watersheds, applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The objectives of this project are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, juvenile salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, smolt-to-adult survival rates (SAR), and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. We began to meet these objectives in 2004 through spawning ground surveys initiated in spring and juvenile salmonid and habitat surveys during summer. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt and adult monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources and life-stage specific survival not targeted under the EMAP program. We believe this project will be the vehicle to synthesize all related fish population and habitat monitoring data at the provincial and subbasin scales. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Title: Implementation of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) Protocol in the John Day Subbasin of the Columbia Plateau Province - Technical Report 2004 Abstract -- The Independent Scientific Review Panel (ISRP), in their guidance on monitoring, strongly recommended that the region move away from index surveys and embrace probabilistic sampling for most population and habitat monitoring. To meet the ISRP’s recommendation, we extended the structure and methods employed by the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program to the John Day subbasin. This approach incorporates the sampling strategy of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP). The EMAP is a long-term research effort with a statistically based and spatially explicit sampling design. This program, successfully implemented in Oregon’s coastal watersheds, applies a rigorous, Tier-2 sampling design to answer key monitoring questions, integrate on-going sampling efforts, and improve agency coordination. The objectives of this project are to determine annual estimates of steelhead spawner escapement, juvenile salmonid rearing distributions, physical habitat conditions, smolt-to-adult survival rates (SAR), and track changes in the status and trends of these estimates over time. We began to meet these objectives in 2004 through spawning ground surveys initiated in spring and juvenile salmonid and habitat surveys during summer. In addition, data from on-going projects in the basin, such as smolt and adult monitoring, will be incorporated in future years to develop a more complete picture of status and trends in resources and life-stage specific survival not targeted under the EMAP program. We believe this project will be the vehicle to synthesize all related fish population and habitat monitoring data at the provincial and subbasin scales. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR) Close

• 99. [Article] Information Report 2018-04, Smolt Abundance Estimates for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit

  Abstract -- Analysis of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt abundance can provide insight on freshwater habitat capacity and factors affecting salmonid persistence. To explore these relationships ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Information Report 2018-04, Smolt Abundance Estimates for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit Abstract -- Analysis of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt abundance can provide insight on freshwater habitat capacity and factors affecting salmonid persistence. To explore these relationships we linked multi-year data sets of overwinter survival rates from three streams within the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit (OCC) to summer parr abundance estimates from calibrated OCC-wide snorkel survey counts to estimate annual Coho Salmon smolt abundance from 2000-2017. Smolt abundance estimates ranged from a low of 0.9 million in 2000 to a high of 4.1 million in 2013 within the OCC. Accuracy of the smolt abundance estimates was tested using two datasets: (i) adult abundance modeled from the corresponding smolt abundance estimate was compared with adult abundance derived empirically from spawning ground surveys and (ii) our smolt abundance estimates were compared with smolt abundance estimates from trapping efforts in select basins within the OCC. Adult abundance modeled from smolt abundance estimates was highly correlated with adult abundance from spawning ground surveys (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and smolt abundance estimates correlated with abundance from smolt trapping efforts (r = 0.81, p <0.001). Graphical relationships between smolt abundance and parental abundance suggest that freshwater productivity may be limited in the OCC by density dependent processes at spawner levels observed since 1998. Additionally, smolt abundance estimates have potential use as a variable in adult forecast models and could be used to assess trends in freshwater productivity and to probe factors of density dependence. Title: Information Report 2018-04, Smolt Abundance Estimates for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit Abstract -- Analysis of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt abundance can provide insight on freshwater habitat capacity and factors affecting salmonid persistence. To explore these relationships we linked multi-year data sets of overwinter survival rates from three streams within the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit (OCC) to summer parr abundance estimates from calibrated OCC-wide snorkel survey counts to estimate annual Coho Salmon smolt abundance from 2000-2017. Smolt abundance estimates ranged from a low of 0.9 million in 2000 to a high of 4.1 million in 2013 within the OCC. Accuracy of the smolt abundance estimates was tested using two datasets: (i) adult abundance modeled from the corresponding smolt abundance estimate was compared with adult abundance derived empirically from spawning ground surveys and (ii) our smolt abundance estimates were compared with smolt abundance estimates from trapping efforts in select basins within the OCC. Adult abundance modeled from smolt abundance estimates was highly correlated with adult abundance from spawning ground surveys (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and smolt abundance estimates correlated with abundance from smolt trapping efforts (r = 0.81, p <0.001). Graphical relationships between smolt abundance and parental abundance suggest that freshwater productivity may be limited in the OCC by density dependent processes at spawner levels observed since 1998. Additionally, smolt abundance estimates have potential use as a variable in adult forecast models and could be used to assess trends in freshwater productivity and to probe factors of density dependence. Close

• 100. [Article] Chinook Salmon Productivity and Escapement Monitoring in the John Day River Basin - Annual Technical Report 2007

  Abstract -- Juvenile spring Chinook and steelhead migrants were captured at three rotary screw trap sites and while seining in the Mainstem John Day River to estimate abundance, smolt-to-adult survival ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Chinook Salmon Productivity and Escapement Monitoring in the John Day River Basin - Annual Technical Report 2007 Abstract -- Juvenile spring Chinook and steelhead migrants were captured at three rotary screw trap sites and while seining in the Mainstem John Day River to estimate abundance, smolt-to-adult survival (SAR), and to study the life history characteristics of steelhead in the John Day River subbasin. Two rotary screw traps were located in the Upper Mainstem fourth-level HUC. The Mainstem trap at rkm 326 of the Mainstem John Day River and the South Fork trap located at rkm 10 of the South Fork John Day River. The Mainstem trap is located downstream of the confluence of the Mainstem John Day River with the South Fork John Day River. The third rotary screw trap was located on the Middle Fork John Day River at rkm 24 and is hereafter referred to as the Middle Fork trap. Spawning ground surveys for spring (stream-type) Chinook salmon were conducted in four main spawning areas (Mainstem, Middle Fork, North Fork, and Granite Creek System) and seven minor spawning areas (South Fork, Camas Creek, Desolation Creek, Trail Creek, Deardorff Creek, Clear Creek, and Big Creek) in the John Day River basin. Originator: ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB) Title: Chinook Salmon Productivity and Escapement Monitoring in the John Day River Basin - Annual Technical Report 2007 Abstract -- Juvenile spring Chinook and steelhead migrants were captured at three rotary screw trap sites and while seining in the Mainstem John Day River to estimate abundance, smolt-to-adult survival (SAR), and to study the life history characteristics of steelhead in the John Day River subbasin. Two rotary screw traps were located in the Upper Mainstem fourth-level HUC. The Mainstem trap at rkm 326 of the Mainstem John Day River and the South Fork trap located at rkm 10 of the South Fork John Day River. The Mainstem trap is located downstream of the confluence of the Mainstem John Day River with the South Fork John Day River. The third rotary screw trap was located on the Middle Fork John Day River at rkm 24 and is hereafter referred to as the Middle Fork trap. Spawning ground surveys for spring (stream-type) Chinook salmon were conducted in four main spawning areas (Mainstem, Middle Fork, North Fork, and Granite Creek System) and seven minor spawning areas (South Fork, Camas Creek, Desolation Creek, Trail Creek, Deardorff Creek, Clear Creek, and Big Creek) in the John Day River basin. Originator: ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board (OWEB) Close