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• 81. [Article] Evaluation of Juvenile Salmonid Outmigration and Survival in the Lower Umatilla River Basin; Annual Report 2009

  Abstract -- In 2009, 3,745 natural and 28,880 hatchery smolts were collected in the juvenile bypass facility at Three Mile Falls Dam (TMFD). A total of 2,876 PIT tagged juvenile salmon and steelhead and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of Juvenile Salmonid Outmigration and Survival in the Lower Umatilla River Basin; Annual Report 2009 Abstract -- In 2009, 3,745 natural and 28,880 hatchery smolts were collected in the juvenile bypass facility at Three Mile Falls Dam (TMFD). A total of 2,876 PIT tagged juvenile salmon and steelhead and 104 adults were detected. Mean fork length at emigration for natural summer steelhead was 168 mm. Age at emigration was 29.9% age-1 and 70.1% age-2. Condition factor for steelhead smolts was poor (< 1.00) throughout the season and Neascus sp. (black spot), continued to be prevalent. Median emigration time to TMFD and John Day Dam (JDD) for natural summer steelhead occurred in the middle of May (5/14-5/20) compared to late May (5/21-5/27) at Bonneville Dam (BON) and early June (5/28-6/3) at the Columbia River Estuary. Abundance for natural origin summer steelhead was 33,883 ± 4,262 smolts. Survival from Meacham Creek to TMFD, TMFD to JDD, and JDD to BON for the 2009 outmigration year was 47%, 60%, and 38%; respectively. For brood year 2007, we estimated the production of 16 smolts-per-female for summer steelhead. Egg-to-smolt survival for summer steelhead in brood year 2007 was 0.3% and smolt-to-adult return for outmigration year 2007 was 5.4%. The number of spawning females and egg deposition appeared to be associated with the growth, age composition, and production of summer steelhead smolts, thus providing evidence for density dependent effects. Growth appeared to be better during the first rearing season when fish densities were low, leading to a higher composition of age-1 smolts and more smolts produced per spawning female. The downward trend observed in egg-to-smolt survival and correlation between summer low flows and egg-to-smolt survival suggest that smolt production and freshwater productivity of summer steelhead is limited by the quantity and quality of available freshwater habitat. Title: Evaluation of Juvenile Salmonid Outmigration and Survival in the Lower Umatilla River Basin; Annual Report 2009 Abstract -- In 2009, 3,745 natural and 28,880 hatchery smolts were collected in the juvenile bypass facility at Three Mile Falls Dam (TMFD). A total of 2,876 PIT tagged juvenile salmon and steelhead and 104 adults were detected. Mean fork length at emigration for natural summer steelhead was 168 mm. Age at emigration was 29.9% age-1 and 70.1% age-2. Condition factor for steelhead smolts was poor (< 1.00) throughout the season and Neascus sp. (black spot), continued to be prevalent. Median emigration time to TMFD and John Day Dam (JDD) for natural summer steelhead occurred in the middle of May (5/14-5/20) compared to late May (5/21-5/27) at Bonneville Dam (BON) and early June (5/28-6/3) at the Columbia River Estuary. Abundance for natural origin summer steelhead was 33,883 ± 4,262 smolts. Survival from Meacham Creek to TMFD, TMFD to JDD, and JDD to BON for the 2009 outmigration year was 47%, 60%, and 38%; respectively. For brood year 2007, we estimated the production of 16 smolts-per-female for summer steelhead. Egg-to-smolt survival for summer steelhead in brood year 2007 was 0.3% and smolt-to-adult return for outmigration year 2007 was 5.4%. The number of spawning females and egg deposition appeared to be associated with the growth, age composition, and production of summer steelhead smolts, thus providing evidence for density dependent effects. Growth appeared to be better during the first rearing season when fish densities were low, leading to a higher composition of age-1 smolts and more smolts produced per spawning female. The downward trend observed in egg-to-smolt survival and correlation between summer low flows and egg-to-smolt survival suggest that smolt production and freshwater productivity of summer steelhead is limited by the quantity and quality of available freshwater habitat. Close

• 82. [Article] Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2008

  Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2008 Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River DPS for summer steelhead and are listed as threatened by the ESA. Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project will evaluate summer steelhead population abundance for the upper Grande Ronde River summer steelhead population by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys will provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. We monitored steelhead using a probabilistic sampling approach by incorporating a sample-site selection procedure similar to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP or Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) approach to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the Upper Grande Ronde River watershed. This steelhead monitoring follows the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by NOAA. Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2008 Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River DPS for summer steelhead and are listed as threatened by the ESA. Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project will evaluate summer steelhead population abundance for the upper Grande Ronde River summer steelhead population by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys will provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. We monitored steelhead using a probabilistic sampling approach by incorporating a sample-site selection procedure similar to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP or Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) approach to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the Upper Grande Ronde River watershed. This steelhead monitoring follows the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by NOAA. Close

• 83. [Article] Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2009

  Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2009 Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River DPS for summer steelhead and are listed as threatened by the ESA. Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project evaluates summer steelhead population abundance for the upper Grande Ronde River summer steelhead population by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. We monitored steelhead using a probabilistic sampling approach by incorporating a sample-site selection procedure similar to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP or Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) approach to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the Upper Grande Ronde River watershed. This steelhead monitoring follows the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by NOAA Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2009 Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River DPS for summer steelhead and are listed as threatened by the ESA. Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project evaluates summer steelhead population abundance for the upper Grande Ronde River summer steelhead population by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. We monitored steelhead using a probabilistic sampling approach by incorporating a sample-site selection procedure similar to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP or Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) approach to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the Upper Grande Ronde River watershed. This steelhead monitoring follows the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by NOAA Close

• 84. [Article] Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2010

  Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2010 Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River DPS for summer steelhead and are listed as threatened by the ESA. Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project will evaluate summer steelhead population abundance for the upper Grande Ronde River summer steelhead population by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys will provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. We monitored steelhead using a probabilistic sampling approach by incorporating a sample-site selection procedure similar to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP or Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) approach to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the Upper Grande Ronde River watershed. This steelhead monitoring follows the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by NOAA Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2010 Abstract -- The Upper Grande Ronde River basin supports a population of summer steelhead O. mykiss that has been defined by segregating it from the other three populations inhabiting the Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River DPS for summer steelhead and are listed as threatened by the ESA. Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project will evaluate summer steelhead population abundance for the upper Grande Ronde River summer steelhead population by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys will provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. We monitored steelhead using a probabilistic sampling approach by incorporating a sample-site selection procedure similar to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP or Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified design (GRTS) approach to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the Upper Grande Ronde River watershed. This steelhead monitoring follows the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach. ODFW, Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). Funded by NOAA Close

• 85. [Article] Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2011

  Abstract -- The UGRR basin supports a population of summer steelhead that has been segregated from three other populations in the entire Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2011 Abstract -- The UGRR basin supports a population of summer steelhead that has been segregated from three other populations in the entire Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River Distinct Population Segment (DPS) and are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (62 FR 43937; August 18,1997). Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project annually evaluates summer steelhead population abundance for the UGRR by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. Steelhead were monitored using a probabilistic sampling approach that incorporates a sample-site selection procedure created for the Environmental Protection Agency’s environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP design to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the UGRR watershed. This method allowed us to sample spatially balanced survey sites distributed within the basin, and followed the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach (Stevens 2002). ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). BPA contract # IGC 51891 Title: Steelhead Escapement Monitoring In the Upper Grande Ronde River - Annual Technical Report 2011 Abstract -- The UGRR basin supports a population of summer steelhead that has been segregated from three other populations in the entire Grande Ronde River basin based on topographic, genetic, observational, and other evidence of interactions. Historically, the Grande Ronde River was one of the more significant anadromous fish producing rivers in the Columbia River Basin. Summer steelhead in the Grande Ronde River basin compose part of the Snake River Distinct Population Segment (DPS) and are listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (62 FR 43937; August 18,1997). Despite recovery efforts, these populations remain depressed relative to historic levels. This project annually evaluates summer steelhead population abundance for the UGRR by conducting surveys of redds and spawning activity. These surveys provide the data needed to estimate adult steelhead escapement, improve our understanding of habitat utilization, and contribute to productivity and survival estimates for this population. Steelhead were monitored using a probabilistic sampling approach that incorporates a sample-site selection procedure created for the Environmental Protection Agency’s environmental monitoring and assessment program (EMAP). We used this EMAP design to select sample sites for status and trend monitoring of steelhead redds within the UGRR watershed. This method allowed us to sample spatially balanced survey sites distributed within the basin, and followed the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds Monitoring Program approach (Stevens 2002). ODFW- Eastern Oregon Fish Research (EOFR). BPA contract # IGC 51891 Close

• 86. [Article] Evaluation of a Sampling Approach to Monitor the Status of Great Basin Redband Trout in Southeastern Oregon (2007 – 2009) Information Reports number 2010-02

  Abstract -- The summer 2009 field season marked the completion of the third of a six year sampling effort to assess the distribution and abundance of redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss newberrii) in the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of a Sampling Approach to Monitor the Status of Great Basin Redband Trout in Southeastern Oregon (2007 – 2009) Information Reports number 2010-02 Abstract -- The summer 2009 field season marked the completion of the third of a six year sampling effort to assess the distribution and abundance of redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss newberrii) in the six interior basins of Oregon’s high desert: Catlow Valley, Chewaucan, Fort Rock, Goose Lake, Malheur Lakes, and Warner Valley Species Management Units (SMUs). Across all sampling years, sites were randomly selected using Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified (GRTS) design, which provides a random spatially balanced sample allowing for statistically rigorous evaluation of status, trend and distribution at multiple spatial scales. A total of 700 site surveys were conducted over the course of the study covering nearly 2% of the entire 2,420 km sampling frame. Abundance of age-1+ redband trout at the SMU level has remained relatively stable throughout the course of this study but has decreased since intensively sampled in 1999. Estimates of landscape-wide abundance of age-1+ redband trout were of similar magnitude and had comparable precision across all three study years, averaging 878,000 + 16%. However, abundance at the SMU and population (stratum) level showed substantial variation, both spatially and inter-annually. Fish densities (fish/m) sampled at sites visited annually (2007-2009) showed significant differences between years, specifically between 2007 and 2009 in the Chewaucan and Fort Rock SMUs. Target levels of relative precision were achieved twice at the SMU level, and in approximately half of the strata. Increasing the number of sites sampled to increase precision is not likely, given limited funding. Yet, the current study design falls short of providing precise information to develop conservation management plans. Alternative sampling designs that would maximize data acquisition at the population level, while allowing for estimates of yearly variation were explored and suggested. Title: Evaluation of a Sampling Approach to Monitor the Status of Great Basin Redband Trout in Southeastern Oregon (2007 – 2009) Information Reports number 2010-02 Abstract -- The summer 2009 field season marked the completion of the third of a six year sampling effort to assess the distribution and abundance of redband trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss newberrii) in the six interior basins of Oregon’s high desert: Catlow Valley, Chewaucan, Fort Rock, Goose Lake, Malheur Lakes, and Warner Valley Species Management Units (SMUs). Across all sampling years, sites were randomly selected using Generalized Random Tessellation Stratified (GRTS) design, which provides a random spatially balanced sample allowing for statistically rigorous evaluation of status, trend and distribution at multiple spatial scales. A total of 700 site surveys were conducted over the course of the study covering nearly 2% of the entire 2,420 km sampling frame. Abundance of age-1+ redband trout at the SMU level has remained relatively stable throughout the course of this study but has decreased since intensively sampled in 1999. Estimates of landscape-wide abundance of age-1+ redband trout were of similar magnitude and had comparable precision across all three study years, averaging 878,000 + 16%. However, abundance at the SMU and population (stratum) level showed substantial variation, both spatially and inter-annually. Fish densities (fish/m) sampled at sites visited annually (2007-2009) showed significant differences between years, specifically between 2007 and 2009 in the Chewaucan and Fort Rock SMUs. Target levels of relative precision were achieved twice at the SMU level, and in approximately half of the strata. Increasing the number of sites sampled to increase precision is not likely, given limited funding. Yet, the current study design falls short of providing precise information to develop conservation management plans. Alternative sampling designs that would maximize data acquisition at the population level, while allowing for estimates of yearly variation were explored and suggested. Close

• 87. [Article] Information Report 2018-04, Smolt Abundance Estimates for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit

  Abstract -- Analysis of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt abundance can provide insight on freshwater habitat capacity and factors affecting salmonid persistence. To explore these relationships ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Information Report 2018-04, Smolt Abundance Estimates for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit Abstract -- Analysis of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt abundance can provide insight on freshwater habitat capacity and factors affecting salmonid persistence. To explore these relationships we linked multi-year data sets of overwinter survival rates from three streams within the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit (OCC) to summer parr abundance estimates from calibrated OCC-wide snorkel survey counts to estimate annual Coho Salmon smolt abundance from 2000-2017. Smolt abundance estimates ranged from a low of 0.9 million in 2000 to a high of 4.1 million in 2013 within the OCC. Accuracy of the smolt abundance estimates was tested using two datasets: (i) adult abundance modeled from the corresponding smolt abundance estimate was compared with adult abundance derived empirically from spawning ground surveys and (ii) our smolt abundance estimates were compared with smolt abundance estimates from trapping efforts in select basins within the OCC. Adult abundance modeled from smolt abundance estimates was highly correlated with adult abundance from spawning ground surveys (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and smolt abundance estimates correlated with abundance from smolt trapping efforts (r = 0.81, p <0.001). Graphical relationships between smolt abundance and parental abundance suggest that freshwater productivity may be limited in the OCC by density dependent processes at spawner levels observed since 1998. Additionally, smolt abundance estimates have potential use as a variable in adult forecast models and could be used to assess trends in freshwater productivity and to probe factors of density dependence. Title: Information Report 2018-04, Smolt Abundance Estimates for the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit Abstract -- Analysis of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) smolt abundance can provide insight on freshwater habitat capacity and factors affecting salmonid persistence. To explore these relationships we linked multi-year data sets of overwinter survival rates from three streams within the Oregon Coast Coho Evolutionarily Significant Unit (OCC) to summer parr abundance estimates from calibrated OCC-wide snorkel survey counts to estimate annual Coho Salmon smolt abundance from 2000-2017. Smolt abundance estimates ranged from a low of 0.9 million in 2000 to a high of 4.1 million in 2013 within the OCC. Accuracy of the smolt abundance estimates was tested using two datasets: (i) adult abundance modeled from the corresponding smolt abundance estimate was compared with adult abundance derived empirically from spawning ground surveys and (ii) our smolt abundance estimates were compared with smolt abundance estimates from trapping efforts in select basins within the OCC. Adult abundance modeled from smolt abundance estimates was highly correlated with adult abundance from spawning ground surveys (r = 0.88, p < 0.001) and smolt abundance estimates correlated with abundance from smolt trapping efforts (r = 0.81, p <0.001). Graphical relationships between smolt abundance and parental abundance suggest that freshwater productivity may be limited in the OCC by density dependent processes at spawner levels observed since 1998. Additionally, smolt abundance estimates have potential use as a variable in adult forecast models and could be used to assess trends in freshwater productivity and to probe factors of density dependence. Close

• 88. [Article] Status of the Pacific Coast Coastal Pelagic Species Fishery and Recommended Acceptable Biological Catches

  Abstract -- The Guidelines for Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) published by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) require that a stock assessment and fishery evaluation (SAFE) report be prepared ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Status of the Pacific Coast Coastal Pelagic Species Fishery and Recommended Acceptable Biological Catches Abstract -- The Guidelines for Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) published by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) require that a stock assessment and fishery evaluation (SAFE) report be prepared and reviewed annually for each FMP. SAFE reports are intended to summarize the best available scientific information concerning the past, present, and possible future condition of the stocks, marine ecosystems, and fisheries being managed under federal regulation. Regional Fishery Management Councils use this information to determine annual harvest levels for each stock; document significant trends or changes in the resources, marine ecosystems, and fishery over time; and assess the relative success of existing state and federal fishery management programs. This is the eight Status of the Pacific Coast Coastal Pelagic Species Fishery SAFE document prepared for the Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council). Following NMFS guidelines, the purpose of this report is to briefly summarize aspects of the coastal pelagic species (CPS) FMP and to describe the history of the fishery and its management. Species managed under this FMP include: Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax), Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus), northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), jack mackerel (Trachurus symmetricus), and market squid (Loligo opalescens). The SAFE report for Pacific Coast CPS fisheries was developed by the Council’s Coastal Pelagic Species Management Team (CPSMT) from information contributed by scientists at NMFS, Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW). Included in this report are descriptions of landings, fishing patterns, estimates of the status of stocks (including stock assessments for Pacific sardine and Pacific mackerel, Appendix 1 and Appendix 2), and acceptable biological catches (ABCs). The ABC recommendations, together with social and economic factors, are considered by the Council in determining annual harvest guidelines and other measures for actively managed fisheries (i.e., Pacific mackerel and Pacific sardine). Title: Status of the Pacific Coast Coastal Pelagic Species Fishery and Recommended Acceptable Biological Catches Abstract -- The Guidelines for Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) published by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) require that a stock assessment and fishery evaluation (SAFE) report be prepared and reviewed annually for each FMP. SAFE reports are intended to summarize the best available scientific information concerning the past, present, and possible future condition of the stocks, marine ecosystems, and fisheries being managed under federal regulation. Regional Fishery Management Councils use this information to determine annual harvest levels for each stock; document significant trends or changes in the resources, marine ecosystems, and fishery over time; and assess the relative success of existing state and federal fishery management programs. This is the eight Status of the Pacific Coast Coastal Pelagic Species Fishery SAFE document prepared for the Pacific Fishery Management Council (Council). Following NMFS guidelines, the purpose of this report is to briefly summarize aspects of the coastal pelagic species (CPS) FMP and to describe the history of the fishery and its management. Species managed under this FMP include: Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax), Pacific mackerel (Scomber japonicus), northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax), jack mackerel (Trachurus symmetricus), and market squid (Loligo opalescens). The SAFE report for Pacific Coast CPS fisheries was developed by the Council’s Coastal Pelagic Species Management Team (CPSMT) from information contributed by scientists at NMFS, Southwest Fisheries Science Center (SWFSC), California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG), Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW). Included in this report are descriptions of landings, fishing patterns, estimates of the status of stocks (including stock assessments for Pacific sardine and Pacific mackerel, Appendix 1 and Appendix 2), and acceptable biological catches (ABCs). The ABC recommendations, together with social and economic factors, are considered by the Council in determining annual harvest guidelines and other measures for actively managed fisheries (i.e., Pacific mackerel and Pacific sardine). Close

• 89. [Article] Abundance, Life History, and Distribution of Bull Trout in the Hood River Basin: A Summary of Findings from 2006 to 2009 Information Reports number 2010-01

  Abstract -- Bull trout have been adversely affected by many land, water, and fisheries management activities throughout the range of the species. Degraded and fragmented habitat and negative interactions with ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Abundance, Life History, and Distribution of Bull Trout in the Hood River Basin: A Summary of Findings from 2006 to 2009 Information Reports number 2010-01 Abstract -- Bull trout have been adversely affected by many land, water, and fisheries management activities throughout the range of the species. Degraded and fragmented habitat and negative interactions with nonnative fishes have led to a decline in bull trout distribution and abundance, several local extirpations, and a federal listing in 1998 as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (USFWS 2002). Distribution and abundance of bull trout also have declined in Oregon, and most management units in the state are considered to be threatened by conservation risks (ODFW 2005). One of these at-risk management units exists in the Hood River basin (ODFW 2005). Bull trout in Hood River basin currently are thought to exist as two independent reproductive units (USFWS 2002), known as local populations (Rieman and McIntyre 1995). The Clear Branch local population was isolated from the rest of the basin by the construction of Clear Branch Dam in 1968. This dam provides limited downstream fish passage during periods of spill and no voluntary upstream passage. Bull trout in this population inhabit Laurance Lake reservoir and the tributaries Pinnacle Creek and upper Clear Branch, which flow into the reservoir. The Hood River local population is distributed in the mainstem Hood River, Middle Fork Hood River (Middle Fork), and a few Middle Fork tributaries. Fluvial migrants from Hood River basin also forage and winter in the Columbia River (Pribyl et al. 1996, Buchanan et al. 1997). Bull trout have been observed in the East and West Fork basins of the Hood River, but these sightings have been rare. Presently, there is little evidence to suggest local populations exist in these tributary basins (USFWS 2002, Reagan and Olsen 2008). The status of both local populations is extremely precarious. Threats that put the Clear Branch population at risk of extirpation include low abundance, negative interactions with illegally introduced smallmouth bass, isolation from upstream migration and immigration, and diminished spawning and rearing habitat (USFW 1998). The Hood River population also appears to be small and is affected by passage barriers, unscreened irrigation diversions, impaired water quality, and periodic debris flows during glacial outbursts (USFWS 1998). As mandated by their federally designated threatened status, recovery plans were drafted by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for each distinct population segment, including for Hood River bull trout in 2002. This draft plan listed four goals for recovery in this basin: 1) establish at least one more local population in addition to the two existing populations, 2) increase the estimated adult population in the basin to at least 500 individuals, 3) achieve a stable or increasing trend at the population recovery level for at least two generations (=10 years), and 4) improve habitat connectivity by addressing problems with passage and screening at diversions and seasonal water quality barriers (USFWS 2002). The recovery plan also sets out research and monitoring needs critical to the recovery of these populations. Needed are accurate adult abundance estimates; a standardized monitoring program; more life history information for each local population, including how Hood River bull trout use of the Columbia River and the effects of potential passage obstructions on movement; and more information on the threat posed to the Clear Branch population by the illegal introduction of smallmouth bass in Lake Laurance reservoir. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), with the help of the USDA Forest Service (USFS), initiated a four-year study in 2006 seeking to address these needs by synthesizing available data and conducting further studies to improve our understanding of the abundance, life history, and potential limiting factors of bull trout in the Hood River recovery unit. This report describes our findings, summarizes previous studies in the context of new information, and recommends a standardized monitoring protocol and future research. Our specific study objectives were as follows: 1. Assess adult abundance of the Clear Branch local population and develop a monitoring protocol to track abundance trends that is statistically reliable, cost-effective, and that minimizes potential adverse effects on this small isolated population. 2. Describe the juvenile and adult life history patterns of the Clear Branch local population. 3. Assess the potential impact of smallmouth bass on bull trout in Laurance Lake reservoir. 4. Determine current distribution of bull trout reproduction and early rearing in potential bull trout streams in the Hood River basin. 5. Describe the migratory life history of Hood River bull trout and assess the potential impacts of Coe Diversion and two new falls on the Middle Fork Hood River (scoured by the November 2006 glacial outburst) on bull trout migrations. Title: Abundance, Life History, and Distribution of Bull Trout in the Hood River Basin: A Summary of Findings from 2006 to 2009 Information Reports number 2010-01 Abstract -- Bull trout have been adversely affected by many land, water, and fisheries management activities throughout the range of the species. Degraded and fragmented habitat and negative interactions with nonnative fishes have led to a decline in bull trout distribution and abundance, several local extirpations, and a federal listing in 1998 as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act (USFWS 2002). Distribution and abundance of bull trout also have declined in Oregon, and most management units in the state are considered to be threatened by conservation risks (ODFW 2005). One of these at-risk management units exists in the Hood River basin (ODFW 2005). Bull trout in Hood River basin currently are thought to exist as two independent reproductive units (USFWS 2002), known as local populations (Rieman and McIntyre 1995). The Clear Branch local population was isolated from the rest of the basin by the construction of Clear Branch Dam in 1968. This dam provides limited downstream fish passage during periods of spill and no voluntary upstream passage. Bull trout in this population inhabit Laurance Lake reservoir and the tributaries Pinnacle Creek and upper Clear Branch, which flow into the reservoir. The Hood River local population is distributed in the mainstem Hood River, Middle Fork Hood River (Middle Fork), and a few Middle Fork tributaries. Fluvial migrants from Hood River basin also forage and winter in the Columbia River (Pribyl et al. 1996, Buchanan et al. 1997). Bull trout have been observed in the East and West Fork basins of the Hood River, but these sightings have been rare. Presently, there is little evidence to suggest local populations exist in these tributary basins (USFWS 2002, Reagan and Olsen 2008). The status of both local populations is extremely precarious. Threats that put the Clear Branch population at risk of extirpation include low abundance, negative interactions with illegally introduced smallmouth bass, isolation from upstream migration and immigration, and diminished spawning and rearing habitat (USFW 1998). The Hood River population also appears to be small and is affected by passage barriers, unscreened irrigation diversions, impaired water quality, and periodic debris flows during glacial outbursts (USFWS 1998). As mandated by their federally designated threatened status, recovery plans were drafted by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for each distinct population segment, including for Hood River bull trout in 2002. This draft plan listed four goals for recovery in this basin: 1) establish at least one more local population in addition to the two existing populations, 2) increase the estimated adult population in the basin to at least 500 individuals, 3) achieve a stable or increasing trend at the population recovery level for at least two generations (=10 years), and 4) improve habitat connectivity by addressing problems with passage and screening at diversions and seasonal water quality barriers (USFWS 2002). The recovery plan also sets out research and monitoring needs critical to the recovery of these populations. Needed are accurate adult abundance estimates; a standardized monitoring program; more life history information for each local population, including how Hood River bull trout use of the Columbia River and the effects of potential passage obstructions on movement; and more information on the threat posed to the Clear Branch population by the illegal introduction of smallmouth bass in Lake Laurance reservoir. The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW), with the help of the USDA Forest Service (USFS), initiated a four-year study in 2006 seeking to address these needs by synthesizing available data and conducting further studies to improve our understanding of the abundance, life history, and potential limiting factors of bull trout in the Hood River recovery unit. This report describes our findings, summarizes previous studies in the context of new information, and recommends a standardized monitoring protocol and future research. Our specific study objectives were as follows: 1. Assess adult abundance of the Clear Branch local population and develop a monitoring protocol to track abundance trends that is statistically reliable, cost-effective, and that minimizes potential adverse effects on this small isolated population. 2. Describe the juvenile and adult life history patterns of the Clear Branch local population. 3. Assess the potential impact of smallmouth bass on bull trout in Laurance Lake reservoir. 4. Determine current distribution of bull trout reproduction and early rearing in potential bull trout streams in the Hood River basin. 5. Describe the migratory life history of Hood River bull trout and assess the potential impacts of Coe Diversion and two new falls on the Middle Fork Hood River (scoured by the November 2006 glacial outburst) on bull trout migrations. Close

• 90. [Article] Tenmile Lake Basin Partnership - OWEB Final Report: Grant 217-2051

  Abstract -- Pacific Lamprey are native to the Tenmile Watershed and culturally important to the local Native American Tribes. Likewise, Salmon and Steelhead have both an economic and cultural significance ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tenmile Lake Basin Partnership - OWEB Final Report: Grant 217-2051 Abstract -- Pacific Lamprey are native to the Tenmile Watershed and culturally important to the local Native American Tribes. Likewise, Salmon and Steelhead have both an economic and cultural significance to the local citizens and Tribes. Pacific Lamprey were historically harvested by the people of the Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians (CTCLUSI), but it was unknown if Pacific Lamprey were still present in the Tenmile Watershed. A fish trap was built on Eel Lake by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1989 for the purpose of fish capture and rearing. The trap is effective in capturing Salmon and Steelhead but may act as a barrier to the passage of Pacific Lamprey. This monitoring effort was designed to assess the presence/absence of Pacific Lamprey in the Tenmile Watershed, identify migration timing, potential lamprey passage barriers and rearing/spawning habitats, and collect and organize data from Eel Lake Trap on native Coho, Cutthroat, and native/hatchery Steelhead returns and trends. Lamprey larvae (ammocoete) monitoring was conducted in the summer of 2017 using electro-shockers. Shocking occurred on 3 tributaries of Tenmile Lakes (Big Creek, Johnson Creek, and Shutter Creek), and 3 creeks within the Eel Lake basin (Eel Creek, Clear Creek, and Winters Arm Creek). Two species of lamprey were identified, Western Brook (Lampetra richardsoni) and Pacific (Entosphenus tridentatus). Western Brook were found in all sampled Tenmile Lakes Basin streams, but only in the streams above Eel Lake Trap in the Eel Lake Basin. No Western Brook were identified in Eel Creek below the Trap. Pacific Lamprey were found in Johnson Creek and Big Creek in the Tenmile Lakes Basin, and in Eel Creek in the Eel Lake Basin. No Pacific Lamprey were identified above the Eel Lake Trap, suggesting that it may act as a complete passage barrier to that species. In addition, over 200 adult Pacific Lamprey were salvaged from an ODOT culvert enhancement project on Eel Creek near Hwy 101. Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified upstream of this project, but it is likely that it was a partial barrier. Two other ODOT culverts were identified as potential partial lamprey barriers on Eel Cr. Spawning areas for Pacific and Western Brook Lamprey are similar to spawning areas for salmon. Upper reaches of all the Tenmile Lake tributaries have appropriate spawning gravel. Lower stream areas are often high in sediment which is conducive to rearing lamprey larvae. This was confirmed in Johnson creek with high numbers of Pacific Lamprey larvae found at the mouth as it enters South Tenmile Lake. Farther upstream in the Johnson Creek system, larvae were abundant, but much smaller with many being too small to identify (<65mm). Western Brook larvae were found, but no Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified, perhaps amongst those unidentified specimens. Western Brook ammocoetes were also found at the lower site on Johnson Creek, and in Big Creek and Shutter Creek. Pacific Lamprey migration into the watershed is difficult to determine due to the elusive nature of the species and their life cycle trait of migrating in from the ocean in the spring of one year, then holding over until the next spring before spawning. When specimens are captured, it is difficult to determine whether it is a fresh migrant or last year’s holdover. Even if it can be determined which year it is from, it is still difficult to know how long it has been in the system before it was captured. In Phase 2 of this project, we will capture Pacific Lamprey either in traps near the mouth of Eel Cr, or at the lower culverts. This should give us a better sense of migration timing. Native Coho salmon counts at Eel Lake Trap were down significantly from the recorded high at the Trap of 441 in 2012, with only 66 native Coho returning in 2018 (the winter of 2017-2018). The previous 2 years were also low with 2016 and 2017 showing returns of only 53 and 118 respectively. The Coho numbers for most of the Oregon Coast also showed low returns. Hatchery Winter Steelhead counts were 502 for 2018. This compares to a record high of 828 in 2007, 595 in 2016, and 226 in 2017. Returning native Steelhead only numbered 10 for the 2018 season. The average return for Native Steelhead is 24. In 2018, 60 Steelhead were spawned including 2 native males, but no native females. 252 hatchery Steelhead were recycled into Saunders Lake, and 148 into Butterfield Lake. ODFW allocated 25,000 smolts for the Tenmile Watershed, which were acclimated and then released in April 2018. Title: Tenmile Lake Basin Partnership - OWEB Final Report: Grant 217-2051 Abstract -- Pacific Lamprey are native to the Tenmile Watershed and culturally important to the local Native American Tribes. Likewise, Salmon and Steelhead have both an economic and cultural significance to the local citizens and Tribes. Pacific Lamprey were historically harvested by the people of the Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians (CTCLUSI), but it was unknown if Pacific Lamprey were still present in the Tenmile Watershed. A fish trap was built on Eel Lake by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) in 1989 for the purpose of fish capture and rearing. The trap is effective in capturing Salmon and Steelhead but may act as a barrier to the passage of Pacific Lamprey. This monitoring effort was designed to assess the presence/absence of Pacific Lamprey in the Tenmile Watershed, identify migration timing, potential lamprey passage barriers and rearing/spawning habitats, and collect and organize data from Eel Lake Trap on native Coho, Cutthroat, and native/hatchery Steelhead returns and trends. Lamprey larvae (ammocoete) monitoring was conducted in the summer of 2017 using electro-shockers. Shocking occurred on 3 tributaries of Tenmile Lakes (Big Creek, Johnson Creek, and Shutter Creek), and 3 creeks within the Eel Lake basin (Eel Creek, Clear Creek, and Winters Arm Creek). Two species of lamprey were identified, Western Brook (Lampetra richardsoni) and Pacific (Entosphenus tridentatus). Western Brook were found in all sampled Tenmile Lakes Basin streams, but only in the streams above Eel Lake Trap in the Eel Lake Basin. No Western Brook were identified in Eel Creek below the Trap. Pacific Lamprey were found in Johnson Creek and Big Creek in the Tenmile Lakes Basin, and in Eel Creek in the Eel Lake Basin. No Pacific Lamprey were identified above the Eel Lake Trap, suggesting that it may act as a complete passage barrier to that species. In addition, over 200 adult Pacific Lamprey were salvaged from an ODOT culvert enhancement project on Eel Creek near Hwy 101. Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified upstream of this project, but it is likely that it was a partial barrier. Two other ODOT culverts were identified as potential partial lamprey barriers on Eel Cr. Spawning areas for Pacific and Western Brook Lamprey are similar to spawning areas for salmon. Upper reaches of all the Tenmile Lake tributaries have appropriate spawning gravel. Lower stream areas are often high in sediment which is conducive to rearing lamprey larvae. This was confirmed in Johnson creek with high numbers of Pacific Lamprey larvae found at the mouth as it enters South Tenmile Lake. Farther upstream in the Johnson Creek system, larvae were abundant, but much smaller with many being too small to identify (<65mm). Western Brook larvae were found, but no Pacific Lamprey larvae were identified, perhaps amongst those unidentified specimens. Western Brook ammocoetes were also found at the lower site on Johnson Creek, and in Big Creek and Shutter Creek. Pacific Lamprey migration into the watershed is difficult to determine due to the elusive nature of the species and their life cycle trait of migrating in from the ocean in the spring of one year, then holding over until the next spring before spawning. When specimens are captured, it is difficult to determine whether it is a fresh migrant or last year’s holdover. Even if it can be determined which year it is from, it is still difficult to know how long it has been in the system before it was captured. In Phase 2 of this project, we will capture Pacific Lamprey either in traps near the mouth of Eel Cr, or at the lower culverts. This should give us a better sense of migration timing. Native Coho salmon counts at Eel Lake Trap were down significantly from the recorded high at the Trap of 441 in 2012, with only 66 native Coho returning in 2018 (the winter of 2017-2018). The previous 2 years were also low with 2016 and 2017 showing returns of only 53 and 118 respectively. The Coho numbers for most of the Oregon Coast also showed low returns. Hatchery Winter Steelhead counts were 502 for 2018. This compares to a record high of 828 in 2007, 595 in 2016, and 226 in 2017. Returning native Steelhead only numbered 10 for the 2018 season. The average return for Native Steelhead is 24. In 2018, 60 Steelhead were spawned including 2 native males, but no native females. 252 hatchery Steelhead were recycled into Saunders Lake, and 148 into Butterfield Lake. ODFW allocated 25,000 smolts for the Tenmile Watershed, which were acclimated and then released in April 2018. Close