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• 1. [Image] Upper Klamath Basin bull trout conservation strategy : part 1, a conceptual framework for recovery, final

  	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document presents the framework of a plan to reverse the decline of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) populations in the Klamath Basin. If successful, we expect bull trout ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Upper Klamath Basin bull trout conservation strategy : part 1, a conceptual framework for recovery, final Author: Light, Jeffrey Year: 1996, 2008, 2005 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document presents the framework of a plan to reverse the decline of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) populations in the Klamath Basin. If successful, we expect bull trout to recover to a level where they will have a reasonable chance of long-term viability. The work is the collective effort of fish biologists, foresters, other natural resource management professionals, and local landowners representing a diverse array of interests and organizations. Together, these individuals have worked for several years to gather information pertaining to the distribution and status of Klamath bull trout populations and threats to their persistence. The members of the Bull Trout Working Group share the common desire to restore bull trout populations while at the same time sustaining their respective land use interests in the Klamath Basin. This approach provides incentives to all the interested parties to seek agreement on solutions, encouraging cooperative work on an otherwise ambitious and daunting task. The following few pages summarize the plan. Each area is covered again in greater detail in the body of the document. The goals established by the Bull Trout Working Group for this recovery plan are to (1) Secure existing bull trout populations, and (2) Expand the populations to some of their former range and numbers. We pursue these goals with a three step approach of assessment, implementation, and evaluation. We begin with a review of the distribution and status of bull trout generally, then specifically within the Klamath Basin. Next we present available data and interpretations supporting our conclusions regarding the type, magnitude, and extent of physical and biological factors or concerns that may hamper bull trout persistence. Land and fish management activities that contribute to these problem situations are then identified. This is followed by a blueprint for stepwise development and implementation of practical solutions. Finally, a monitoring plan is proposed to measure the success of the recovery efforts. The Klamath Basin Bull trout populations represent a valuable biological resource. These populations exist at the southern edge of the species' distribution, and have distinctive genetic character. In the Upper Klamath River Basin, bull trout are presently found as resident forms in eight isolated headwater streams within six small drainages. (4Headwater streams' in this document refers to very small streams, rather than rivers which are the headwaters for larger rivers). These streams occur in three general locations: they are tributaries of the Sprague River, of the Sycan River and of Upper Klamath Lake. Together, the known populations occupy approximately 23 miles (37 km) of perennial streams. Formerly, bull trout may have occurred in the mainstems of these systems (Gilbert 1897. Dambacher et al. 1992, Roger Smith, ODFW, pers. coram. 1994). In addition to existing populations, other populations are known to have recently occupied nearby streams (Cherry and Coyote creeks, the Upper Sycan River). Estimated current population sizes in each drainage range between 133 and 1,293, indicating that populations are low enough to warrant concern. These population sizes are smaller than the minimum viable population sizes predicted by conservation biology theory. A substantial risk of extirpation via natural disturbance cycles and stochastic events exists for such small populations. Streams that are presently inhabited by bull trout are typically small and spring-fed with steep gradients. They originate in the higher elevations of mountains within the Upper Klamath Basin and flow through forests where land uses range from wilderness and national parkland to commercial forestry and grazing. Eventually, these tributaries or their mainstem receiving waters leave the forest and flow through broad sagebrush-covered valleys or marshes where they widen and flatten. Here livestock grazing and agriculture are the dominant land uses. An assessment of the current situation regarding Klamath Basin bull trout was performed using existing and new information on life history, distribution, habitat requirements by lifestage, environmental requirements, exotic species interactions, angling pressure, land use interactions, habitat fragmentation, population fragmentation and many other factors. Basin-specific information on each of these factors was collected and analyzed, complemented by a thorough review of the literature. Past, present and possible future distributions of bull trout were examined. Particular emphasis was placed on determining the nature and extent of biotic interactions, because this potential agent of bull trout decline has not been thoroughly addressed in other works. Analysis of the assembled information resulted in the identification of several specific natural and anthropogenic factors which are thought to limit the distribution and persistence of bull trout. Habitat quality and quantity are affected by land use to some degree in all currently inhabited bull trout streams except upper Sun Creek. Generally, habitat conditions vary from fair to good in existing bull trout streams. We identified several land uses that have reduced habitat quality. Principal among the abiotic factors of concern is fine sediment loading from (1) road erosion, (2) stream bank and adjacent ground disturbance by livestock, and (3) Bull Trout Document - Final - - 6 - 26-Jan-96 stream-adjacent hillslope erosion from logging. Second among the abiotic factors of concern is elevated temperature. Other concerns include diminished large woody debris (LWD) recruitment, declining bank integrity, low flows, changes in stream morphology, and blocked or hindered fish passage. The relative importance of each of these factors or concerns differs by watershed, or by location within a watershed. In most cases, information on specific issues and their locations is available with sufficient resolution to allow land managers to develop action plans to address them. Possible exceptions may include Deming Creek, where Watershed Analysis has not yet been performed. Based on the assessment results to date, the following strategy was developed to address limiting factors and concerns. Competitive and genetic interactions with non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) were found to be important biotic factors currently threatening the persistence of bull trout in the Klamath Basin. This conclusion was based on the almost pervasive presence of these exotic competitors and the significance of their negative interactions as determined from the literature and from local observations in headwater streams. Temperature may be a significant issue, especially for juvenile rearing, although the temperature tolerances of bull trout are not well understood. Habitat fragmentation and alteration appear to have been major issues in the past, resulting in population fragmentation, particularly at lower elevations and in larger streams where bull trout may have ranged historically. These final two factors appear less important than exotic competitors or temperature for bull trout in the current limited ranges in headwater streams, though they are important in mainstems and larger tributaries. They will need to be addressed if large scale restoration is undertaken. With the exceptions of temperature and fine sediment, brook trout have habitat requirements and environmental tolerances similar to bull trout, and they thrive in many Klamath Basin headwater streams while bull trout do not. Brown trout pose a competitive threat similar to that posed by brook trout, but the mechanisms of displacement and the areas where they occur differ. Even in environments unaltered by land management, such as Sun Creek within Crater Lake National Park, exotic trout are displacing bull trout. This conclusion is consistent with findings throughout the west, where competition with exotic species has clearly had a major effect on bull trout range, resulting in widespread declines in bull trout distribution. Changes in habitat may have altered competitive interactions between bull trout and other salmonids, both directly and indirectly. Since changes in environmental factors can exacerbate competition issues in sensitive populations, habitat condition remains a concern. Near-term, mid-term, and long-term strategy for Recovery of Bull Trout Populations Our approach to recovery of the Klamath basin's bull trout populations is a two-phase effort corresponding to near- and mid-term objectives, and an examination of possible long-term recovery objectives. It entails securing and maintaining existing populations followed by expansion into former headwater and downstream habitats, and ultimately the possibility of connecting tributaries with mainstem linkages. Assessment, research and monitoring needs associated with each phase were identified (see main body of text). Specific project details such as funding, work schedules, participant responsibilities, specific actions, implementation methods and costs are not presented but are to be developed collectively by the Bull Trout Working Group. Phase 1: Securing existing populations This phase of the recovery plan focuses on the six small drainages where bull trout populations are known to exist today. Here we wish to prevent further decline of individual populations as a step toward securing the viability of the Klamath Basin metapopulation(s).1 This is accomplished by addressing biotic and abiotic factors that threaten the persistence of these populations. The most immediate threat is the continued presence of non-native salmonids. Localized areas of habitat degradation or alteration from sediment inputs and shade removal are an additional serious concern. It may be feasible to isolate bull trout populations above barriers, followed by eradication of brook and brown trout within each isolated stream reach. This approach will be tested early in Phase 7, with particular attention to unforeseen consequences on the ecology of the test streams. Assuming it is viable, this approach will become the focus of Phases 1 & 2, in parallel with habitat enhancement efforts. Habitat enhancement is generally feasible, particularly in areas where roads or livestock are the issues. Where needed, such habitat enhancement efforts are expected to be completed as part of Phases 1&2. It will be necessary to understand the distribution of genetic variation among existing sub-populations of bull trout in order to embark on a well 1 For an understanding of metapopulation considerations, see the body of the text, in particular the section on 'Metapopulations and sub-populations' on page 60. Bull Trout Document - Final - - 7 - 26-Jan-96 directed range expansion program. Baseline data would be essential for genetic monitoring activities and for the development of stocks for establishing new sub-populations in subsequent phases. If successful, the actions taken in Phase 1 are expected to eliminate the direct threats to existing bull trout sub-populations posed by non-native salmonids. Parallel efforts to improve the in-stream physical environment to ensure habitat is suitable for bull trout are expected to eliminate proximate environmental threats to existing bull trout sub-populations. This effort will require that abiotic limiting factors and concerns be addressed via land management activities, most of which fall within the realm of forest land management. Timber harvest and regeneration, roads (construction, use, and maintenance), and livestock grazing programs are considered. Immediate actions may take the form of road erosion abatement, including road abandonment and revegetation. Some of these actions can be accomplished when a particular unit is harvested, while others may be pursued as independent restoration activities (e.g., livestock management plans, culvert replacements). Presently, no in-stream fish habitat improvement projects have been proposed, and none are foreseen for stream reaches affected by this phase of the recovery plan. Most of the concerns related to livestock are focused within the riparian zone. Some riparian locations are much more sensitive than others, for example the large meadow in Long Creek. Actions to address these concerns will vary by landowner and location, and may range from complete riparian exclosure to short-term grazing to continuous but moderate access. The preferred actions will depend on the success of these various strategies in bringing about the desired response of the channel and fish habitat, and can be expected to change as recovery of riparian areas progresses. Effectiveness monitoring will be invaluable for measuring the success of these efforts, and in adapting our management strategy during the implementation. No water diversion concerns have been identified for this phase of the plan, except for Deming Creek, where screening of irrigation ditches may be warranted. Some additional fish management actions may also be applicable in Phase 7, for example to continue to monitor compliance with existing no kill regulations in bull trout streams. Other pertinent fish management issues have been addressed already, for example the cessation of exotic trout stocking (brook, brown or non-native rainbow) in bull trout streams. Phase 2: Expanding the range of bull trout within headwater streams In Phase 2, bull trout populations are refounded in headwater streams which now support brook trout, e.g. Calahan and Cherry creeks, or possibly in creeks without fish, e.g. Sheep Creek on the North Fork Sprague. This serves to expand the number of sub-populations, increases the number of refugia, and increases the overall size of the Klamath metapopulation(s). This is a major step in the establishment of viable metapopulations; by increasing the number of sub-populations, the effect of the loss or decline of any particular sub-population is reduced, making the metapopulation(s) more resilient to natural disturbance, variations in breeding success, disease outbreaks and other stochastic factors. Phase 2 consists of two parts: Phase 2a, in which sub-populations are founded in streams which only recently lost bull trout (e.g. Cherry Creek, Coyote Creek and the upper Sycan River) and Phase 2b, in which sub-populations are founded in other suitable headwater habitat, as indicated by the presence of thriving brook trout sub-populations (e.g. Sevenmile Creek, Calahan Creek, Annie Creek, Camp Creek, Jackson Creek, Deep Creek and Corral Creek). Both parts of Phase 2 are accomplished in much the same way as Phase 7: Barriers are constructed to exclude brook trout and brown trout, then the exotic species are eradicated above the barriers. Bull trout populations are then founded with human-introduced bull trout, whether via transplantation from wild sources or from a hatchery. Care must be exercised to maintain adequate genetic diversity in the founded sub-populations as establishment of genetically healthy populations is a non-trivial task. An inherent risk in newly created sub-populations is the loss of genetic variation (founder effect), which if great enough can reduce the vigor of the population and its long-term viability. As in Phase 7, stresses from abiotic factors, such as excessive delivery of fine sediment, low flows, or warm water temperatures, need to be reduced in parallel with the removal of exotics. Streamside roads, road crossings, low flows in upper reaches, and livestock are situations of concern in many of the streams, and warm temperatures are in some. Also as in phase 7, monitoring for the presence of exotics, bull trout population parameters, and abiotic factors is an important follow-up activity to track and ensure long-term success. In addition, genetic monitoring of newly founded populations is indicated. Bull Trout Document - Final - -8- 26-Jan-96 A possible future direction after Phase 2 Once Phase 2 is complete, the Bull Trout Working Group will pause to assess the efforts completed and plan future efforts. If phases 1 and 2 are successful, there will be significant numbers of bull trout in various tributaries, but possibly little genetic exchange between them. Bull trout range may still be restricted to headwater streams. During the evaluation and reassessment of the recovery effort, the group will re-consider the long-term recovery objectives. Based on what we know now, two possible recovery objectives are likely to be considered. The first such possible objective is the establishment of natural movement corridors between adjacent headwater streams, thereby establishing complete and viable metapopulation(s) of bull trout within the Upper Klamath Basin. Connectivity between headwater streams would allow volitional movement of bull trout. Movement would allow dispersal, founding of new sub-populations, and interbreeding between sub-populations, within the local sub-basin. Establishing natural movement corridors between headwater streams may require that selected reaches of larger tributaries or even portions of mainstem rivers be restored to suitable habitat for bull trout. This would be an ambitious undertaking, which may be infeasible. It might require the elimination or exclusion of exotics, the removal of man-made barriers which prevent movement between streams, or alterations in current land use to reduce anthropogenically induced fine sediment loads, low flows, warm stream temperatures, or changes in channel morphology. The change in focus from headwater streams to larger tributaries represents an escalation in the scale and complexity of the restoration effort. Exclusion of exotics is much more difficult. Land use effects, whether from water diversions or livestock grazing are often more significant. The second possible objective of future efforts after Phase 2 is to attemp to re-establish fluvial populations of bull trout in selected mainstem rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, in such a way as to connect the sub-populations of each metapopulation. Fluvial bull trout are far larger than stream resident bull trout, and have much higher fecundity as a result. This gives them a tremendous advantage in breeding, whether in founding new sub-populations, or augmenting existing sub-populations. By establishing a fluvial form of bull trout in the Upper Klamath Basin, overall viability of the metapopulation(s) should be greatly increased. Timeline for implementation A prototype Phase 1 implementation is likely to be completed within 2-5 years. Full implementation of Phase 1 may take many years, but the bulk of the work could be completed in 10-20 years. Further assessment work and some aspects of Phase 2 will be accomplished concurrent with Phase 1 efforts over the next several years, but may require 5-10 years before being well underway. Specific timelines for individual projects in phases 1 and 2 and the overall recovery effort will be developed by the Bull Trout Working Group. Summary and prognosis for bull trout populations in the Upper Klamath River Basin If our analysis is accurate, the Klamath Basin's native bull trout populations are imperiled, yet their future need not be bleak. They persist today as a handful of isolated sub-populations in small, headwater streams. If a fluvial life history form existed, as it may have at one time in the Wood River2, no longer occurs or is a very small (i.e., undetectable) component of the current Klamath River Basin population. Gene flow between these sub-populations has apparently ceased. Individual population sizes are small enough to be near or below minimum viable levels as defined by current theorists in conservation biology. Competition from introduced brook and brown trout is widespread, with severe long-term consequences. Habitat conditions vary from stream to stream, depending on the nature and extent of land uses around and downstream of the bull trout tributaries. Fine sediment inputs and elevated stream temperatures are the principal habitat issue. Water withdrawals, altered channels and flood plains, and other anthropogenic influences have contributed to loss of mainstem fluvial habitat, and may have ultimately resulted in habitat fragmentation, followed by isolation of the remaining populations. Together, these conditions do not bode well for the longevity of native bull trout populations. We believe concerted efforts to resolve the identified problems can achieve the goals of maintaining, and possibly restoring, Klamath bull trout populations. Further, we believe that without attention, one or more of the identified limiting factors will almost certainly spell an end to most or all of the sub-populations in the basin. 2 A 330 mm specimen was collected from Fort Creek, a tributary to the Wood River, in 1876. Cited in Cavendar 1978; Smithsonian Accession Number 16793. Bull Trout Document - Final - -9 - 26-Jan-96 Title: Upper Klamath Basin bull trout conservation strategy : part 1, a conceptual framework for recovery, final Author: Light, Jeffrey Year: 1996, 2008, 2005 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document presents the framework of a plan to reverse the decline of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) populations in the Klamath Basin. If successful, we expect bull trout to recover to a level where they will have a reasonable chance of long-term viability. The work is the collective effort of fish biologists, foresters, other natural resource management professionals, and local landowners representing a diverse array of interests and organizations. Together, these individuals have worked for several years to gather information pertaining to the distribution and status of Klamath bull trout populations and threats to their persistence. The members of the Bull Trout Working Group share the common desire to restore bull trout populations while at the same time sustaining their respective land use interests in the Klamath Basin. This approach provides incentives to all the interested parties to seek agreement on solutions, encouraging cooperative work on an otherwise ambitious and daunting task. The following few pages summarize the plan. Each area is covered again in greater detail in the body of the document. The goals established by the Bull Trout Working Group for this recovery plan are to (1) Secure existing bull trout populations, and (2) Expand the populations to some of their former range and numbers. We pursue these goals with a three step approach of assessment, implementation, and evaluation. We begin with a review of the distribution and status of bull trout generally, then specifically within the Klamath Basin. Next we present available data and interpretations supporting our conclusions regarding the type, magnitude, and extent of physical and biological factors or concerns that may hamper bull trout persistence. Land and fish management activities that contribute to these problem situations are then identified. This is followed by a blueprint for stepwise development and implementation of practical solutions. Finally, a monitoring plan is proposed to measure the success of the recovery efforts. The Klamath Basin Bull trout populations represent a valuable biological resource. These populations exist at the southern edge of the species' distribution, and have distinctive genetic character. In the Upper Klamath River Basin, bull trout are presently found as resident forms in eight isolated headwater streams within six small drainages. (4Headwater streams' in this document refers to very small streams, rather than rivers which are the headwaters for larger rivers). These streams occur in three general locations: they are tributaries of the Sprague River, of the Sycan River and of Upper Klamath Lake. Together, the known populations occupy approximately 23 miles (37 km) of perennial streams. Formerly, bull trout may have occurred in the mainstems of these systems (Gilbert 1897. Dambacher et al. 1992, Roger Smith, ODFW, pers. coram. 1994). In addition to existing populations, other populations are known to have recently occupied nearby streams (Cherry and Coyote creeks, the Upper Sycan River). Estimated current population sizes in each drainage range between 133 and 1,293, indicating that populations are low enough to warrant concern. These population sizes are smaller than the minimum viable population sizes predicted by conservation biology theory. A substantial risk of extirpation via natural disturbance cycles and stochastic events exists for such small populations. Streams that are presently inhabited by bull trout are typically small and spring-fed with steep gradients. They originate in the higher elevations of mountains within the Upper Klamath Basin and flow through forests where land uses range from wilderness and national parkland to commercial forestry and grazing. Eventually, these tributaries or their mainstem receiving waters leave the forest and flow through broad sagebrush-covered valleys or marshes where they widen and flatten. Here livestock grazing and agriculture are the dominant land uses. An assessment of the current situation regarding Klamath Basin bull trout was performed using existing and new information on life history, distribution, habitat requirements by lifestage, environmental requirements, exotic species interactions, angling pressure, land use interactions, habitat fragmentation, population fragmentation and many other factors. Basin-specific information on each of these factors was collected and analyzed, complemented by a thorough review of the literature. Past, present and possible future distributions of bull trout were examined. Particular emphasis was placed on determining the nature and extent of biotic interactions, because this potential agent of bull trout decline has not been thoroughly addressed in other works. Analysis of the assembled information resulted in the identification of several specific natural and anthropogenic factors which are thought to limit the distribution and persistence of bull trout. Habitat quality and quantity are affected by land use to some degree in all currently inhabited bull trout streams except upper Sun Creek. Generally, habitat conditions vary from fair to good in existing bull trout streams. We identified several land uses that have reduced habitat quality. Principal among the abiotic factors of concern is fine sediment loading from (1) road erosion, (2) stream bank and adjacent ground disturbance by livestock, and (3) Bull Trout Document - Final - - 6 - 26-Jan-96 stream-adjacent hillslope erosion from logging. Second among the abiotic factors of concern is elevated temperature. Other concerns include diminished large woody debris (LWD) recruitment, declining bank integrity, low flows, changes in stream morphology, and blocked or hindered fish passage. The relative importance of each of these factors or concerns differs by watershed, or by location within a watershed. In most cases, information on specific issues and their locations is available with sufficient resolution to allow land managers to develop action plans to address them. Possible exceptions may include Deming Creek, where Watershed Analysis has not yet been performed. Based on the assessment results to date, the following strategy was developed to address limiting factors and concerns. Competitive and genetic interactions with non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) were found to be important biotic factors currently threatening the persistence of bull trout in the Klamath Basin. This conclusion was based on the almost pervasive presence of these exotic competitors and the significance of their negative interactions as determined from the literature and from local observations in headwater streams. Temperature may be a significant issue, especially for juvenile rearing, although the temperature tolerances of bull trout are not well understood. Habitat fragmentation and alteration appear to have been major issues in the past, resulting in population fragmentation, particularly at lower elevations and in larger streams where bull trout may have ranged historically. These final two factors appear less important than exotic competitors or temperature for bull trout in the current limited ranges in headwater streams, though they are important in mainstems and larger tributaries. They will need to be addressed if large scale restoration is undertaken. With the exceptions of temperature and fine sediment, brook trout have habitat requirements and environmental tolerances similar to bull trout, and they thrive in many Klamath Basin headwater streams while bull trout do not. Brown trout pose a competitive threat similar to that posed by brook trout, but the mechanisms of displacement and the areas where they occur differ. Even in environments unaltered by land management, such as Sun Creek within Crater Lake National Park, exotic trout are displacing bull trout. This conclusion is consistent with findings throughout the west, where competition with exotic species has clearly had a major effect on bull trout range, resulting in widespread declines in bull trout distribution. Changes in habitat may have altered competitive interactions between bull trout and other salmonids, both directly and indirectly. Since changes in environmental factors can exacerbate competition issues in sensitive populations, habitat condition remains a concern. Near-term, mid-term, and long-term strategy for Recovery of Bull Trout Populations Our approach to recovery of the Klamath basin's bull trout populations is a two-phase effort corresponding to near- and mid-term objectives, and an examination of possible long-term recovery objectives. It entails securing and maintaining existing populations followed by expansion into former headwater and downstream habitats, and ultimately the possibility of connecting tributaries with mainstem linkages. Assessment, research and monitoring needs associated with each phase were identified (see main body of text). Specific project details such as funding, work schedules, participant responsibilities, specific actions, implementation methods and costs are not presented but are to be developed collectively by the Bull Trout Working Group. Phase 1: Securing existing populations This phase of the recovery plan focuses on the six small drainages where bull trout populations are known to exist today. Here we wish to prevent further decline of individual populations as a step toward securing the viability of the Klamath Basin metapopulation(s).1 This is accomplished by addressing biotic and abiotic factors that threaten the persistence of these populations. The most immediate threat is the continued presence of non-native salmonids. Localized areas of habitat degradation or alteration from sediment inputs and shade removal are an additional serious concern. It may be feasible to isolate bull trout populations above barriers, followed by eradication of brook and brown trout within each isolated stream reach. This approach will be tested early in Phase 7, with particular attention to unforeseen consequences on the ecology of the test streams. Assuming it is viable, this approach will become the focus of Phases 1 & 2, in parallel with habitat enhancement efforts. Habitat enhancement is generally feasible, particularly in areas where roads or livestock are the issues. Where needed, such habitat enhancement efforts are expected to be completed as part of Phases 1&2. It will be necessary to understand the distribution of genetic variation among existing sub-populations of bull trout in order to embark on a well 1 For an understanding of metapopulation considerations, see the body of the text, in particular the section on 'Metapopulations and sub-populations' on page 60. Bull Trout Document - Final - - 7 - 26-Jan-96 directed range expansion program. Baseline data would be essential for genetic monitoring activities and for the development of stocks for establishing new sub-populations in subsequent phases. If successful, the actions taken in Phase 1 are expected to eliminate the direct threats to existing bull trout sub-populations posed by non-native salmonids. Parallel efforts to improve the in-stream physical environment to ensure habitat is suitable for bull trout are expected to eliminate proximate environmental threats to existing bull trout sub-populations. This effort will require that abiotic limiting factors and concerns be addressed via land management activities, most of which fall within the realm of forest land management. Timber harvest and regeneration, roads (construction, use, and maintenance), and livestock grazing programs are considered. Immediate actions may take the form of road erosion abatement, including road abandonment and revegetation. Some of these actions can be accomplished when a particular unit is harvested, while others may be pursued as independent restoration activities (e.g., livestock management plans, culvert replacements). Presently, no in-stream fish habitat improvement projects have been proposed, and none are foreseen for stream reaches affected by this phase of the recovery plan. Most of the concerns related to livestock are focused within the riparian zone. Some riparian locations are much more sensitive than others, for example the large meadow in Long Creek. Actions to address these concerns will vary by landowner and location, and may range from complete riparian exclosure to short-term grazing to continuous but moderate access. The preferred actions will depend on the success of these various strategies in bringing about the desired response of the channel and fish habitat, and can be expected to change as recovery of riparian areas progresses. Effectiveness monitoring will be invaluable for measuring the success of these efforts, and in adapting our management strategy during the implementation. No water diversion concerns have been identified for this phase of the plan, except for Deming Creek, where screening of irrigation ditches may be warranted. Some additional fish management actions may also be applicable in Phase 7, for example to continue to monitor compliance with existing no kill regulations in bull trout streams. Other pertinent fish management issues have been addressed already, for example the cessation of exotic trout stocking (brook, brown or non-native rainbow) in bull trout streams. Phase 2: Expanding the range of bull trout within headwater streams In Phase 2, bull trout populations are refounded in headwater streams which now support brook trout, e.g. Calahan and Cherry creeks, or possibly in creeks without fish, e.g. Sheep Creek on the North Fork Sprague. This serves to expand the number of sub-populations, increases the number of refugia, and increases the overall size of the Klamath metapopulation(s). This is a major step in the establishment of viable metapopulations; by increasing the number of sub-populations, the effect of the loss or decline of any particular sub-population is reduced, making the metapopulation(s) more resilient to natural disturbance, variations in breeding success, disease outbreaks and other stochastic factors. Phase 2 consists of two parts: Phase 2a, in which sub-populations are founded in streams which only recently lost bull trout (e.g. Cherry Creek, Coyote Creek and the upper Sycan River) and Phase 2b, in which sub-populations are founded in other suitable headwater habitat, as indicated by the presence of thriving brook trout sub-populations (e.g. Sevenmile Creek, Calahan Creek, Annie Creek, Camp Creek, Jackson Creek, Deep Creek and Corral Creek). Both parts of Phase 2 are accomplished in much the same way as Phase 7: Barriers are constructed to exclude brook trout and brown trout, then the exotic species are eradicated above the barriers. Bull trout populations are then founded with human-introduced bull trout, whether via transplantation from wild sources or from a hatchery. Care must be exercised to maintain adequate genetic diversity in the founded sub-populations as establishment of genetically healthy populations is a non-trivial task. An inherent risk in newly created sub-populations is the loss of genetic variation (founder effect), which if great enough can reduce the vigor of the population and its long-term viability. As in Phase 7, stresses from abiotic factors, such as excessive delivery of fine sediment, low flows, or warm water temperatures, need to be reduced in parallel with the removal of exotics. Streamside roads, road crossings, low flows in upper reaches, and livestock are situations of concern in many of the streams, and warm temperatures are in some. Also as in phase 7, monitoring for the presence of exotics, bull trout population parameters, and abiotic factors is an important follow-up activity to track and ensure long-term success. In addition, genetic monitoring of newly founded populations is indicated. Bull Trout Document - Final - -8- 26-Jan-96 A possible future direction after Phase 2 Once Phase 2 is complete, the Bull Trout Working Group will pause to assess the efforts completed and plan future efforts. If phases 1 and 2 are successful, there will be significant numbers of bull trout in various tributaries, but possibly little genetic exchange between them. Bull trout range may still be restricted to headwater streams. During the evaluation and reassessment of the recovery effort, the group will re-consider the long-term recovery objectives. Based on what we know now, two possible recovery objectives are likely to be considered. The first such possible objective is the establishment of natural movement corridors between adjacent headwater streams, thereby establishing complete and viable metapopulation(s) of bull trout within the Upper Klamath Basin. Connectivity between headwater streams would allow volitional movement of bull trout. Movement would allow dispersal, founding of new sub-populations, and interbreeding between sub-populations, within the local sub-basin. Establishing natural movement corridors between headwater streams may require that selected reaches of larger tributaries or even portions of mainstem rivers be restored to suitable habitat for bull trout. This would be an ambitious undertaking, which may be infeasible. It might require the elimination or exclusion of exotics, the removal of man-made barriers which prevent movement between streams, or alterations in current land use to reduce anthropogenically induced fine sediment loads, low flows, warm stream temperatures, or changes in channel morphology. The change in focus from headwater streams to larger tributaries represents an escalation in the scale and complexity of the restoration effort. Exclusion of exotics is much more difficult. Land use effects, whether from water diversions or livestock grazing are often more significant. The second possible objective of future efforts after Phase 2 is to attemp to re-establish fluvial populations of bull trout in selected mainstem rivers of the Upper Klamath Basin, in such a way as to connect the sub-populations of each metapopulation. Fluvial bull trout are far larger than stream resident bull trout, and have much higher fecundity as a result. This gives them a tremendous advantage in breeding, whether in founding new sub-populations, or augmenting existing sub-populations. By establishing a fluvial form of bull trout in the Upper Klamath Basin, overall viability of the metapopulation(s) should be greatly increased. Timeline for implementation A prototype Phase 1 implementation is likely to be completed within 2-5 years. Full implementation of Phase 1 may take many years, but the bulk of the work could be completed in 10-20 years. Further assessment work and some aspects of Phase 2 will be accomplished concurrent with Phase 1 efforts over the next several years, but may require 5-10 years before being well underway. Specific timelines for individual projects in phases 1 and 2 and the overall recovery effort will be developed by the Bull Trout Working Group. Summary and prognosis for bull trout populations in the Upper Klamath River Basin If our analysis is accurate, the Klamath Basin's native bull trout populations are imperiled, yet their future need not be bleak. They persist today as a handful of isolated sub-populations in small, headwater streams. If a fluvial life history form existed, as it may have at one time in the Wood River2, no longer occurs or is a very small (i.e., undetectable) component of the current Klamath River Basin population. Gene flow between these sub-populations has apparently ceased. Individual population sizes are small enough to be near or below minimum viable levels as defined by current theorists in conservation biology. Competition from introduced brook and brown trout is widespread, with severe long-term consequences. Habitat conditions vary from stream to stream, depending on the nature and extent of land uses around and downstream of the bull trout tributaries. Fine sediment inputs and elevated stream temperatures are the principal habitat issue. Water withdrawals, altered channels and flood plains, and other anthropogenic influences have contributed to loss of mainstem fluvial habitat, and may have ultimately resulted in habitat fragmentation, followed by isolation of the remaining populations. Together, these conditions do not bode well for the longevity of native bull trout populations. We believe concerted efforts to resolve the identified problems can achieve the goals of maintaining, and possibly restoring, Klamath bull trout populations. Further, we believe that without attention, one or more of the identified limiting factors will almost certainly spell an end to most or all of the sub-populations in the basin. 2 A 330 mm specimen was collected from Fort Creek, a tributary to the Wood River, in 1876. Cited in Cavendar 1978; Smithsonian Accession Number 16793. Bull Trout Document - Final - -9 - 26-Jan-96 Close

• 2. [Image] Recovery of wild salmonids in western Oregon forests : Oregon Forest Practices Act rules and the measures in the Oregon plan for salmon and watersheds

  	"September 8, 1999."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Recovery of wild salmonids in western Oregon forests : Oregon Forest Practices Act rules and the measures in the Oregon plan for salmon and watersheds Author: Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team (Or.) Year: 1999, 2005 "September 8, 1999." Title: Recovery of wild salmonids in western Oregon forests : Oregon Forest Practices Act rules and the measures in the Oregon plan for salmon and watersheds Author: Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team (Or.) Year: 1999, 2005 "September 8, 1999." Close

• 3. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1931

  	Information Of Interest Source of water supply: Upper Klamath Lake, Lost River and Clear Lake. Area of drainage basin: 3,700 square miles. Length of irrigation season: From April 15 to September ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1931 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1931, 2008, 2006 Information Of Interest Source of water supply: Upper Klamath Lake, Lost River and Clear Lake. Area of drainage basin: 3,700 square miles. Length of irrigation season: From April 15 to September 30 - 168 days. Average elevation of irrigable area: 4,100 feet above sea level. Average annual rainfall on irrigable area: 12.7 inches. Average of recorded temperatures, 12 years: highest 97, lowest -4 F Character of soil of irragable area: Disintegrated basalt, volcanic ash, and diatomaceous eart, being largely classifid as Yakima sandy loam. Principal products: Alfalfa, hay, grain and vegetables; stock,poultry, and dairy products. Principa; markets: Portland Oregon; Sacramento and San Francisco, Ca. Limit of area of farm units: 160 acres. The irrigation plan of the Klamath Project provides for the storage of water in Upper Klamath Lake, lying just North of Klamath Falls, Oregon, and in Clear Lake Reservoir, California, at the head of Lost River. Water for lands in Langell Valley and in the vicinity of Bonanza will be supplied from Clear Lake Reservoir and from Gerber Reservoir. Water for all other lands will be supplied from Klamath Lake. Water is diverted from the outlet of Upper Klamath Lake just above the Link River Dam, into the "A" Canal which extends nine miles in a southeasterly direction, and supplies the canals on both sides of Lost River. Water for the Tule Lake lands, which are served by the "J" Canal, is discharged into Lost River from the C-G Canal and from this point to the diversion dam two miles southeast of Merrill; Lost River being used as a carrier. At the diversion dam, the water is diverted into the "J" Canal. One of the principal features of the Klamath Project is the reclamation of the lands in the bed of Tule Lake. These lands are being reclaimed in a double sense: first, by causing the waater recede and, second, by constructing irrigation works to irrigate the lands uncovered. The lowering of the water surface in Tule Lake is being brought about by evaporation from the lake itself and by preventing inflow. The works designed to prevent inflow consists of Clear Lake Reservaoir, and the Lost River diversion canal. Clear Lake Reservoir is located at the head of Lost River and stops the flood waters coming in from abouve. Flood waters coming in Lost River below Clear Lake are diverted from Lost River int the Klamath River through the diversion canal. The works designed to provede irrigation service for the uncovered lands consist of a diversion dam on Lost River tow miles southeast of Merrill, the "J" Canal and lateral system. The Keno Canal has been constructed on the West side of Link River and extends from the Link River Dam to a point about one mile below; the river in this distance makes a drop of about 50 feet. The Keno Canal was designed to develop power and to supply water for irrigation to lands on the west of Klamath River, also, to the marsh lands around Lower Klamath Lake. Irrigation from the Keno Canal has now been abandoned and the United States has installed no power plant. The Keno Canal has been leased to the California-Oregon Power Company. The Pricipal features of the project are the Clear Lake Reservoir, the Gerber Reservoir, the Link River Dam, the Main "A" Canal with a tunnel 3300 feet long, the precast concrete flume 4300 feet long on the "C" Canal, the di2 diversion dams on the Lost River, the Lost River pipe lines on the C-G Canal and the main canals and laterals and 128 miles of open drains. Irrigation service may now be provided for about 101,000 acres or irrigable land. Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1931 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1931, 2008, 2006 Information Of Interest Source of water supply: Upper Klamath Lake, Lost River and Clear Lake. Area of drainage basin: 3,700 square miles. Length of irrigation season: From April 15 to September 30 - 168 days. Average elevation of irrigable area: 4,100 feet above sea level. Average annual rainfall on irrigable area: 12.7 inches. Average of recorded temperatures, 12 years: highest 97, lowest -4 F Character of soil of irragable area: Disintegrated basalt, volcanic ash, and diatomaceous eart, being largely classifid as Yakima sandy loam. Principal products: Alfalfa, hay, grain and vegetables; stock,poultry, and dairy products. Principa; markets: Portland Oregon; Sacramento and San Francisco, Ca. Limit of area of farm units: 160 acres. The irrigation plan of the Klamath Project provides for the storage of water in Upper Klamath Lake, lying just North of Klamath Falls, Oregon, and in Clear Lake Reservoir, California, at the head of Lost River. Water for lands in Langell Valley and in the vicinity of Bonanza will be supplied from Clear Lake Reservoir and from Gerber Reservoir. Water for all other lands will be supplied from Klamath Lake. Water is diverted from the outlet of Upper Klamath Lake just above the Link River Dam, into the "A" Canal which extends nine miles in a southeasterly direction, and supplies the canals on both sides of Lost River. Water for the Tule Lake lands, which are served by the "J" Canal, is discharged into Lost River from the C-G Canal and from this point to the diversion dam two miles southeast of Merrill; Lost River being used as a carrier. At the diversion dam, the water is diverted into the "J" Canal. One of the principal features of the Klamath Project is the reclamation of the lands in the bed of Tule Lake. These lands are being reclaimed in a double sense: first, by causing the waater recede and, second, by constructing irrigation works to irrigate the lands uncovered. The lowering of the water surface in Tule Lake is being brought about by evaporation from the lake itself and by preventing inflow. The works designed to prevent inflow consists of Clear Lake Reservaoir, and the Lost River diversion canal. Clear Lake Reservoir is located at the head of Lost River and stops the flood waters coming in from abouve. Flood waters coming in Lost River below Clear Lake are diverted from Lost River int the Klamath River through the diversion canal. The works designed to provede irrigation service for the uncovered lands consist of a diversion dam on Lost River tow miles southeast of Merrill, the "J" Canal and lateral system. The Keno Canal has been constructed on the West side of Link River and extends from the Link River Dam to a point about one mile below; the river in this distance makes a drop of about 50 feet. The Keno Canal was designed to develop power and to supply water for irrigation to lands on the west of Klamath River, also, to the marsh lands around Lower Klamath Lake. Irrigation from the Keno Canal has now been abandoned and the United States has installed no power plant. The Keno Canal has been leased to the California-Oregon Power Company. The Pricipal features of the project are the Clear Lake Reservoir, the Gerber Reservoir, the Link River Dam, the Main "A" Canal with a tunnel 3300 feet long, the precast concrete flume 4300 feet long on the "C" Canal, the di2 diversion dams on the Lost River, the Lost River pipe lines on the C-G Canal and the main canals and laterals and 128 miles of open drains. Irrigation service may now be provided for about 101,000 acres or irrigable land. Close

• 4. [Image] Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1916

  	Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1916 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1916, 2008, 2005 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1916 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1916, 2008, 2005 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 5. [Image] Klamath Project annual history, 1949

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1949 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1949, 2008 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1949 - 1952; Description is based on: Klamath Project annual history for 1949; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1949 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1949, 2008 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1949 - 1952; Description is based on: Klamath Project annual history for 1949; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 6. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1932

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1932 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1932, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1932 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1932, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 7. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1935

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1935 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1935, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1935 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1935, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 8. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1941

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1941 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1941, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1941 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1941, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 9. [Image] Project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1964

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes financial documents, organization chart, photographs, maps, water quality reports, and agricultural economics; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1964 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1964, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes financial documents, organization chart, photographs, maps, water quality reports, and agricultural economics; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1963-; Some issues are missing.; Description is based on: Project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1963; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1964 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1964, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes financial documents, organization chart, photographs, maps, water quality reports, and agricultural economics; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1963-; Some issues are missing.; Description is based on: Project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1963; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 10. [Image] Reclaiming Tule Lake land

  	KP-1113-R2; Looking out across NW1/4. Section 2, T.46 N., R.4 E. Area near pumps used in draining the land; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Reclaiming Tule Lake land Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1113-R2; Looking out across NW1/4. Section 2, T.46 N., R.4 E. Area near pumps used in draining the land; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Title: Reclaiming Tule Lake land Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1113-R2; Looking out across NW1/4. Section 2, T.46 N., R.4 E. Area near pumps used in draining the land; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Close

• 11. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1926

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1926 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1926, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1926 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1926, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 12. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1918

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1918 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1918, 2008, 2004 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1918 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1918, 2008, 2004 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 13. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1919

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1919 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1919, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1919 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1919, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 14. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1921

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1921 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1921, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1921 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1921, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 15. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1927

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1927 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1927, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1927 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1927, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 16. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1928

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1928 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1928, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1928 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1928, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 17. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1929

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1929 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1929, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1929 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1929, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 18. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1930

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1930 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1930, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1930 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1930, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 19. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1934

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1934 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1934, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1934 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1934, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 20. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1936

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1936 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1936, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1936 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1936, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 21. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1937

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1937 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1937, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1937 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1937, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 22. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1938

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1938 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1938, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1938 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1938, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 23. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1939

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1939 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1939, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1939 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1939, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 24. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1940

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1940 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1940, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1940 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1940, 2008, 2005 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 25. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1942

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1942 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1942, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1942 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1942, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 26. [Image] Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1943

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1943 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1943, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history and O. & M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1943 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1943, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials and contracts, land acquired, land leased, project organization chart, litigations, photographs, maps, hydrographs, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1918 – 1943; Description based on Annual project history and O.M. report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California Annual for calendar year 1918; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 27. [Image] Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1955

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1955 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1955, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for irrigation and drainage and water storage and distributions, list of steam gaging stations, weather conditions, list of evaporation stations, quality of irrigation water at pumping plants, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1954-1962; Description is based on: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1955 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1955, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for irrigation and drainage and water storage and distributions, list of steam gaging stations, weather conditions, list of evaporation stations, quality of irrigation water at pumping plants, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1954-1962; Description is based on: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 28. [Image] Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1956

  	Klamath Project (United States); Water use -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Water resources development -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Irrigation --Klamath River ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1956 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1956, 2008, 2006 Klamath Project (United States); Water use -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Water resources development -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Irrigation --Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Klamath River (Oregon and California); Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California) -- History Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1956 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1956, 2008, 2006 Klamath Project (United States); Water use -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Water resources development -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Irrigation --Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Klamath River (Oregon and California); Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California) -- History Close

• 29. [Image] Klamath Project annual history, 1950

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1950 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1950, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1949 - 1952; Description is based on: Klamath Project annual history for 1949; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1950 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1950, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1949 - 1952; Description is based on: Klamath Project annual history for 1949; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 30. [Image] Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1948

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1948 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1948, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1948 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1948, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 31. [Image] History of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1912

  	Title covers: May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912 in a single issue; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: History of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1912 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1912, 2008, 2004 Title covers: May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912 in a single issue; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated March 1, 1946 Title: History of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1912 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1912, 2008, 2004 Title covers: May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912 in a single issue; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated March 1, 1946 Close

• 32. [Image] Geothermal Power Development in Hawaii. Volume I. Review and Analysis

  	The history of geothermal exploration in Hawaii is reviewed briefly. The nature and occurrences of geothermal resources are presented island by island. An overview of geothermal markets is presented. Other ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Power Development in Hawaii. Volume I. Review and Analysis Author: Department of Planning and Economic Development Year: 1982 The history of geothermal exploration in Hawaii is reviewed briefly. The nature and occurrences of geothermal resources are presented island by island. An overview of geothermal markets is presented. Other topics covered are: potential markets of the identified geothermal areas, well drilling technology, hydrothermal fluid transport, overland and submarine electrical transmission, community aspects of geothermal development, legal and policy issues associated with mineral and land ownership, logistics and infrastructure, legislation and permitting, land use controls, Regulation 8, Public Utilities Commission, political climate and environment, state plans, county plans, geothermal development risks, and business planning guidelines Title: Geothermal Power Development in Hawaii. Volume I. Review and Analysis Author: Department of Planning and Economic Development Year: 1982 The history of geothermal exploration in Hawaii is reviewed briefly. The nature and occurrences of geothermal resources are presented island by island. An overview of geothermal markets is presented. Other topics covered are: potential markets of the identified geothermal areas, well drilling technology, hydrothermal fluid transport, overland and submarine electrical transmission, community aspects of geothermal development, legal and policy issues associated with mineral and land ownership, logistics and infrastructure, legislation and permitting, land use controls, Regulation 8, Public Utilities Commission, political climate and environment, state plans, county plans, geothermal development risks, and business planning guidelines Close

• 33. [Image] Klamath Project annual history, 1951

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1951 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1951, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1949 - 1952; Description is based on: Klamath Project annual history for 1949; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1951 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1951, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, crop and livestock yields, irrigation and drainage and irrigation pumping plant operations, WPA camp maintenance, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1949 - 1952; Description is based on: Klamath Project annual history for 1949; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 34. [Image] Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1962

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1962 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1962, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for irrigation and drainage and water storage and distributions, list of steam gaging stations, weather conditions, list of evaporation stations, quality of irrigation water at pumping plants, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1954-1962; Description is based on: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1962 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1962, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for irrigation and drainage and water storage and distributions, list of steam gaging stations, weather conditions, list of evaporation stations, quality of irrigation water at pumping plants, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1954-1962; Description is based on: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 35. [Image] Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1957

  	INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL General Description of the Project Location. The Klamath Project is in the Upper Klamath River Basin, east of the Cascade Range. It is located in Klamath County, Oregon, and ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1957 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1957, 2008, 2006 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL General Description of the Project Location. The Klamath Project is in the Upper Klamath River Basin, east of the Cascade Range. It is located in Klamath County, Oregon, and in Modoc and Siskiyou Counties of California. Project headquarters is located at the principal city of Klamath Falls, Oregon, which has a population of about 35>700, including suburbs. Smaller towns on the project in Oregon are Merrill, Malin, and Bonanza. The town of Tulelake, California, was established in 1931 near the center of the Tule Lake Division. Climate. The mean temperature for the wannest month is 630 F. The coldest month has mean temperature of 29? F. Summer nights are cool. The annual rainfall is about 13 inches, of which about 3?-inches fall during the growing season of 90 to 130 days. Topography, soils, and crops. The project area is about ^-,100 feet elevation above sea level. The surface topography is generally smooth and flat for the large areas of lake bottom, and gently sloping on the higher lands. Peat and muck soils are common in the recent lake bottoms. Soils vary from sandy loam to clay on other parts of the project. The principal crops grown are alfalfa, malting and feed barley, potatoes, clover seed, and irrigated pasture and other forage. Stock raising is an important enterprise. Industry and transportation. Farming and lumbering each provide the major portion of the economy of the Basin. Three major railroad lines, one major highway and many secondary highways, and two airlines serve the project area. Plan and purpose. The project serves 211,000 acres. The water supply is provided by two main water courses, Klamath River and Lost River and their tributaries. Besides storing, diverting, and distributing water for irrigation, project facilities have reclaimed by drainage large areas formerly inundated by Lower Klamath and Tule Lakes* Flood waters of Lost River, which terminates in Tule Lake, are diverted to the Klamath River through the Lost River Diversion Channel. This channel is also used to carry irrigation water in the opposite direction in the summertime. Another principal function of the project is water-level control for the Tule Lake and Lower Klamath Lake National Wildlife Refuges. Upper Klamath Lake on the Klamath River is the principal storage reservoir, having an active capacity of 52U,800 acre-feet. It is controlled by Link River Dam constructed, maintained, and operated INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL (Continued) General Description of the Project (Cont.) by The California Oregon Power Company under an agreement with the project whereby irrigation requirements and rights are protected. The Main, Lower Klamath, and Tule Lake Divisions are served from this source, Gerber Reservoir on Miller Creek and Clear Lake Reservoir on Lost River provide flood control for the Tule Lake Division and an irrigation supply for the Langell Valley Division. Their active storage capacities are 9*^300 acre-feet and 513*300 acre-feet, respectively. Federally-financed project works also include the diversion, distribution, and drainage systems for the Main and Tule Lake Divisions; the diversion dam and main canals for the Langell Valley Division; and drainage outlets for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake Divisions. Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1957 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1957, 2008, 2006 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL General Description of the Project Location. The Klamath Project is in the Upper Klamath River Basin, east of the Cascade Range. It is located in Klamath County, Oregon, and in Modoc and Siskiyou Counties of California. Project headquarters is located at the principal city of Klamath Falls, Oregon, which has a population of about 35>700, including suburbs. Smaller towns on the project in Oregon are Merrill, Malin, and Bonanza. The town of Tulelake, California, was established in 1931 near the center of the Tule Lake Division. Climate. The mean temperature for the wannest month is 630 F. The coldest month has mean temperature of 29? F. Summer nights are cool. The annual rainfall is about 13 inches, of which about 3?-inches fall during the growing season of 90 to 130 days. Topography, soils, and crops. The project area is about ^-,100 feet elevation above sea level. The surface topography is generally smooth and flat for the large areas of lake bottom, and gently sloping on the higher lands. Peat and muck soils are common in the recent lake bottoms. Soils vary from sandy loam to clay on other parts of the project. The principal crops grown are alfalfa, malting and feed barley, potatoes, clover seed, and irrigated pasture and other forage. Stock raising is an important enterprise. Industry and transportation. Farming and lumbering each provide the major portion of the economy of the Basin. Three major railroad lines, one major highway and many secondary highways, and two airlines serve the project area. Plan and purpose. The project serves 211,000 acres. The water supply is provided by two main water courses, Klamath River and Lost River and their tributaries. Besides storing, diverting, and distributing water for irrigation, project facilities have reclaimed by drainage large areas formerly inundated by Lower Klamath and Tule Lakes* Flood waters of Lost River, which terminates in Tule Lake, are diverted to the Klamath River through the Lost River Diversion Channel. This channel is also used to carry irrigation water in the opposite direction in the summertime. Another principal function of the project is water-level control for the Tule Lake and Lower Klamath Lake National Wildlife Refuges. Upper Klamath Lake on the Klamath River is the principal storage reservoir, having an active capacity of 52U,800 acre-feet. It is controlled by Link River Dam constructed, maintained, and operated INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL (Continued) General Description of the Project (Cont.) by The California Oregon Power Company under an agreement with the project whereby irrigation requirements and rights are protected. The Main, Lower Klamath, and Tule Lake Divisions are served from this source, Gerber Reservoir on Miller Creek and Clear Lake Reservoir on Lost River provide flood control for the Tule Lake Division and an irrigation supply for the Langell Valley Division. Their active storage capacities are 9*^300 acre-feet and 513*300 acre-feet, respectively. Federally-financed project works also include the diversion, distribution, and drainage systems for the Main and Tule Lake Divisions; the diversion dam and main canals for the Langell Valley Division; and drainage outlets for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake Divisions. Close

• 36. [Image] Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1954, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for irrigation and drainage and water storage and distributions, list of steam gaging stations, weather conditions, list of evaporation stations, quality of irrigation water at pumping plants, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1954-1962; Description is based on: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1954, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, maps, photographs, agricultural economics and crop yield, some grazing financial information with cost of water usage, tables for irrigation and drainage and water storage and distributions, list of steam gaging stations, weather conditions, list of evaporation stations, quality of irrigation water at pumping plants, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1954-1962; Description is based on: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1954; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 37. [Image] Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1946

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1946 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1946, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1946 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1946, 2008, 2006 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 38. [Image] Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1913

  	Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual report of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1913 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1913, 2008, 2004 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual report of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946. Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California 1913 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1913, 2008, 2004 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual report of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946. Close

• 39. [Image] Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1947

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1947 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1947, 2008, 2004 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Klamath District and Klamath Project annual history, 1947 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1947, 2008, 2004 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes organization of Klamath District with official correspondence and description of the Klamath project, an organization chart, fiscal year financials, photographs, maps, charts and tables of crop and livestock yields and water storage and distribution, etc.; Includes index; Title covers: calendar years for 1946-1948; Description is based on: Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual History for 1946; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 40. [Image] Region II Klamath Project annual history, 1945

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, crop and livestock yields, water storage and distribution, hydrography report, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Region II Klamath Project annual history, 1945 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1945, 2008 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, crop and livestock yields, water storage and distribution, hydrography report, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1944 – 1945; Description is based on: Region II Klamath Project annual history 1944. Contains three parts and three table of contents.; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Region II Klamath Project annual history, 1945 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1945, 2008 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, crop and livestock yields, water storage and distribution, hydrography report, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1944 – 1945; Description is based on: Region II Klamath Project annual history 1944. Contains three parts and three table of contents.; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 41. [Image] Nevada Fact Book and Energy Reference

  	The purpose of this working document is to serve Nevada Operations Office management authorities and other DOE officials as a quick and convenient general reference. It also may be useful as a starting ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Nevada Fact Book and Energy Reference Author: Nevada Operation Office, USDOE Year: 1978 The purpose of this working document is to serve Nevada Operations Office management authorities and other DOE officials as a quick and convenient general reference. It also may be useful as a starting point for in-depth analyses of the current energy situation within the state Title: Nevada Fact Book and Energy Reference Author: Nevada Operation Office, USDOE Year: 1978 The purpose of this working document is to serve Nevada Operations Office management authorities and other DOE officials as a quick and convenient general reference. It also may be useful as a starting point for in-depth analyses of the current energy situation within the state Close

• 42. [Image] Klamath Project annual history, 1952

  	Klamath Project (United States); Water use -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Water resources development -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Irrigation --Klamath River ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1952 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1952, 2008, 2007 Klamath Project (United States); Water use -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Water resources development -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Irrigation --Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Klamath River (Oregon and California); Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California) -- History Title: Klamath Project annual history, 1952 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1952, 2008, 2007 Klamath Project (United States); Water use -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Water resources development -- Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Irrigation --Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California); Klamath River (Oregon and California); Klamath River Watershed (Oregon and California) -- History Close

• 43. [Image] Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1958

  	INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL Genex*al Description of the Project Location. The Klamath Project is in the Upper Klamath River Basin, east of the Cascade Range. It is located in Klamath Comity, Oregon, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1958 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1958, 2008, 2006 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL Genex*al Description of the Project Location. The Klamath Project is in the Upper Klamath River Basin, east of the Cascade Range. It is located in Klamath Comity, Oregon, and in Modoc and Siskiyou Counties of California. Project headquarters is located at the principal city of Klamath Falls, Oregon, which has a population of about 3&>^00, including suburbs. Smaller towns on the project in Oregon are Merrill, Malin, and Bonanza. The town of Tulelake, California, was established in 1931 near the center of the Tule Lake Division. Climate ? The mean temperature for the warmest month is 630 F. The coldest month has raez.n temperature of 29? F. Summer nights are cool. The annual rainfall is about 13 inches, of which about 3^ inches fall during the growing season of 90 to 130 days. Topography, soils, and crops. The project area is about U,100 feet elevation above sea level. The surface topography is generally smooth and flat for the large areas of lake bottom, and gently sloping on the higher lands? Peat and muck soils are common in the recent lake bottoms. Soils vary from sandy loam to clay on other parts of the project. The principal crops grown are alfalfa, malting and feed barley, potatoes, clover seed, and irrigated pasture and other forage. Stock raising is an important enterprise. Industry and transportation. Farming and lumbering each provide the major portion of the economy of the Basin. Three major railroad lines, one major highway and many secondary highways, and two airlines serve the project area. Plan and purpose. In 1958 the project provided irrigation service to 21^,500 acres. The water supply is provided by two main water courses, Klamath River and Lost River and their tributaries. Besides storing, diverting, and distributing water for irrigation, project facilities have reclaimed by drainage large areas formerly inundated by Lower Klamath and Tule Lakes. Flood waters of Lost River, which terminates In Tule Lake, are diverted to the Klamath River through the Lost River Diversion Channel. This channel is also used to carry irrigation water in the opposite direction in the summertime. Another principal function of the project is water-level control for the Tule Lake and Lower Klamath Lake National Wildlife Refuges. DTERODUCTIOH AND GBNKRAL (Continued) General Description of the Project (Cont.) Upper Klamath Lake on the Klamath River is the principal storage reservoir, having an active capacity of 52^,800 acre-feet. It is controlled by Link River Dam constructed, maintained, and operated by The California Oregon Power Company under an agreement with the project whereby irrigation requirements and rights are protected. The Main, Lower Klamath, and Tule Lake Divisions are served from this source. Gerber Reservoir on Miller Creel; and Clear Lake Reservoir on Lost River provide flood control for the Tule Lake Division and an irrigation supply for the Langell Valley Division. Their active storage capacities are 9*b3OO acre-feet and 513*300 acre-feet, respectively. Federally-financed project works also include the diversion, distribution, and drainage systems for the Main and Tule Lake Divisions; the diversion darn and main canals for the Langell Valley Division; and drainage outlets for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake Divisions? Title: Annual project history: Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1958 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1958, 2008, 2006 INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL Genex*al Description of the Project Location. The Klamath Project is in the Upper Klamath River Basin, east of the Cascade Range. It is located in Klamath Comity, Oregon, and in Modoc and Siskiyou Counties of California. Project headquarters is located at the principal city of Klamath Falls, Oregon, which has a population of about 3&>^00, including suburbs. Smaller towns on the project in Oregon are Merrill, Malin, and Bonanza. The town of Tulelake, California, was established in 1931 near the center of the Tule Lake Division. Climate ? The mean temperature for the warmest month is 630 F. The coldest month has raez.n temperature of 29? F. Summer nights are cool. The annual rainfall is about 13 inches, of which about 3^ inches fall during the growing season of 90 to 130 days. Topography, soils, and crops. The project area is about U,100 feet elevation above sea level. The surface topography is generally smooth and flat for the large areas of lake bottom, and gently sloping on the higher lands? Peat and muck soils are common in the recent lake bottoms. Soils vary from sandy loam to clay on other parts of the project. The principal crops grown are alfalfa, malting and feed barley, potatoes, clover seed, and irrigated pasture and other forage. Stock raising is an important enterprise. Industry and transportation. Farming and lumbering each provide the major portion of the economy of the Basin. Three major railroad lines, one major highway and many secondary highways, and two airlines serve the project area. Plan and purpose. In 1958 the project provided irrigation service to 21^,500 acres. The water supply is provided by two main water courses, Klamath River and Lost River and their tributaries. Besides storing, diverting, and distributing water for irrigation, project facilities have reclaimed by drainage large areas formerly inundated by Lower Klamath and Tule Lakes. Flood waters of Lost River, which terminates In Tule Lake, are diverted to the Klamath River through the Lost River Diversion Channel. This channel is also used to carry irrigation water in the opposite direction in the summertime. Another principal function of the project is water-level control for the Tule Lake and Lower Klamath Lake National Wildlife Refuges. DTERODUCTIOH AND GBNKRAL (Continued) General Description of the Project (Cont.) Upper Klamath Lake on the Klamath River is the principal storage reservoir, having an active capacity of 52^,800 acre-feet. It is controlled by Link River Dam constructed, maintained, and operated by The California Oregon Power Company under an agreement with the project whereby irrigation requirements and rights are protected. The Main, Lower Klamath, and Tule Lake Divisions are served from this source. Gerber Reservoir on Miller Creel; and Clear Lake Reservoir on Lost River provide flood control for the Tule Lake Division and an irrigation supply for the Langell Valley Division. Their active storage capacities are 9*b3OO acre-feet and 513*300 acre-feet, respectively. Federally-financed project works also include the diversion, distribution, and drainage systems for the Main and Tule Lake Divisions; the diversion darn and main canals for the Langell Valley Division; and drainage outlets for the Lower Klamath and Tule Lake Divisions? Close

• 44. [Image] Draft upper Klamath River management plan environmental impact statement and resource management plan amendments. Volume 2 - Appendices

  	"BLM/OR/WA/PL-02/038+1792"--P. [2] of cover; Cover title; Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 219-228) and index
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Draft upper Klamath River management plan environmental impact statement and resource management plan amendments. Volume 2 - Appendices Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 2003, 2004 "BLM/OR/WA/PL-02/038+1792"--P. [2] of cover; Cover title; Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 219-228) and index Title: Draft upper Klamath River management plan environmental impact statement and resource management plan amendments. Volume 2 - Appendices Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 2003, 2004 "BLM/OR/WA/PL-02/038+1792"--P. [2] of cover; Cover title; Includes bibliographical references (v. 2, p. 219-228) and index Close

• 45. [Image] Land use and vegetation community changes at Beswick Ranch, Klamath River Canyon, California from 1955 to 2003 : focus on relationship between the irrigation and the vegetation and the land use cover

  	Humans have altered the Klamath River Canyon in many ways. This study focuses on the years from 1955 to 2003. One substantial alteration is the conversion of terraces into irrigated pastures for agriculture ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Land use and vegetation community changes at Beswick Ranch, Klamath River Canyon, California from 1955 to 2003 : focus on relationship between the irrigation and the vegetation and the land use cover Author: Bilka, Monika N. Year: 2002, 2005 Humans have altered the Klamath River Canyon in many ways. This study focuses on the years from 1955 to 2003. One substantial alteration is the conversion of terraces into irrigated pastures for agriculture and cattle ranching. This research project explains the relationships between the irrigation network and the vegetation and land use cover patterns that existed in the past and that exist today at Beswick Ranch. Data sources such as aerial photographs, maps, and other historical information are used to create Geographic Information System (GIS) maps and models of the area. Due to time constraints, the final maps and models are not complete at this time. However, the completed models were synthesized with observational data to come to preliminary conclusions. While the ditches of Shovel Creek Pasture have undergone little to no change at all since 1955, ranchers have added ditches to Faye Pasture. Ranch workers have also increased the amount of agricultural land use cover and decreased in tree cover of Faye Pasture. Conversely, ranchers increased the tree cover and non-agricultural land cover, and they have decreased the agricultural cover. The GIS coverages of Shovel Pasture remain in the preliminary stage, and further analyses of the calculated areas of land use cover and ditch lengths are needed to complete this study. In partnership with PacifiCorp and the BLM, this project aims to provide information about the impacts of the current and historical irrigation systems used on the pastures and riparian zones within this reach of the Klamath River Canyon from 1955 to 2003. Even at this stage, the preliminary coverages provide insight into the relationships between irrigation, vegetation communities, and land use cover that have occurred during the study period. Title: Land use and vegetation community changes at Beswick Ranch, Klamath River Canyon, California from 1955 to 2003 : focus on relationship between the irrigation and the vegetation and the land use cover Author: Bilka, Monika N. Year: 2002, 2005 Humans have altered the Klamath River Canyon in many ways. This study focuses on the years from 1955 to 2003. One substantial alteration is the conversion of terraces into irrigated pastures for agriculture and cattle ranching. This research project explains the relationships between the irrigation network and the vegetation and land use cover patterns that existed in the past and that exist today at Beswick Ranch. Data sources such as aerial photographs, maps, and other historical information are used to create Geographic Information System (GIS) maps and models of the area. Due to time constraints, the final maps and models are not complete at this time. However, the completed models were synthesized with observational data to come to preliminary conclusions. While the ditches of Shovel Creek Pasture have undergone little to no change at all since 1955, ranchers have added ditches to Faye Pasture. Ranch workers have also increased the amount of agricultural land use cover and decreased in tree cover of Faye Pasture. Conversely, ranchers increased the tree cover and non-agricultural land cover, and they have decreased the agricultural cover. The GIS coverages of Shovel Pasture remain in the preliminary stage, and further analyses of the calculated areas of land use cover and ditch lengths are needed to complete this study. In partnership with PacifiCorp and the BLM, this project aims to provide information about the impacts of the current and historical irrigation systems used on the pastures and riparian zones within this reach of the Klamath River Canyon from 1955 to 2003. Even at this stage, the preliminary coverages provide insight into the relationships between irrigation, vegetation communities, and land use cover that have occurred during the study period. Close

• 46. [Image] The doctrine of prior appropriation : effects upon water rights in the Upper Klamath Basin

  	Undergraduate student project, Geomatics 466, Boundary Law II
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The doctrine of prior appropriation : effects upon water rights in the Upper Klamath Basin Author: Hellebust, Kane Year: 2004, 2005 Undergraduate student project, Geomatics 466, Boundary Law II Title: The doctrine of prior appropriation : effects upon water rights in the Upper Klamath Basin Author: Hellebust, Kane Year: 2004, 2005 Undergraduate student project, Geomatics 466, Boundary Law II Close

• 47. [Image] A Bucyrus-Erie dragline dumping soil in Tulelake

  	KP-1194-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. Another yard and a half of soil in Tulelake is dumped from a Bucyrus Erie dragline that is being used to construct a new drain to take care of the expanding agricultural ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Bucyrus-Erie dragline dumping soil in Tulelake Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1946, 2006, 2005 KP-1194-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. Another yard and a half of soil in Tulelake is dumped from a Bucyrus Erie dragline that is being used to construct a new drain to take care of the expanding agricultural development in the West. This drain will service lands that are needed to produce crops that will feed the expanding population of the western United States; June 25, 1946; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Title: A Bucyrus-Erie dragline dumping soil in Tulelake Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1946, 2006, 2005 KP-1194-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. Another yard and a half of soil in Tulelake is dumped from a Bucyrus Erie dragline that is being used to construct a new drain to take care of the expanding agricultural development in the West. This drain will service lands that are needed to produce crops that will feed the expanding population of the western United States; June 25, 1946; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Close

• 48. [Image] Kl. Str. Drain Enlargement, Phase II, Specs. 200C-954- RHC Constr., Inc., Contractor

  	P12-201-4309 NA Klamath Project, OR-CA. Break in earth dike holding farm land flood water. Dike located on west side of KSD. Approx. 8 man hours and 2 hrs. of Case 580 time was used; January 17, 1977; ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Kl. Str. Drain Enlargement, Phase II, Specs. 200C-954- RHC Constr., Inc., Contractor Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Kline, D.J. Year: 1977, 2009, 2007 P12-201-4309 NA Klamath Project, OR-CA. Break in earth dike holding farm land flood water. Dike located on west side of KSD. Approx. 8 man hours and 2 hrs. of Case 580 time was used; January 17, 1977; USBR photo by D. J. Kline Title: Kl. Str. Drain Enlargement, Phase II, Specs. 200C-954- RHC Constr., Inc., Contractor Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Kline, D.J. Year: 1977, 2009, 2007 P12-201-4309 NA Klamath Project, OR-CA. Break in earth dike holding farm land flood water. Dike located on west side of KSD. Approx. 8 man hours and 2 hrs. of Case 580 time was used; January 17, 1977; USBR photo by D. J. Kline Close

• 49. [Image] Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan and environmental impact statement : final : Volume 2

  	Proposed resource management plan/final environmental impact statement for the Klamath Falls Resource Area
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan and environmental impact statement : final : Volume 2 Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 1994, 2005, 2004 Proposed resource management plan/final environmental impact statement for the Klamath Falls Resource Area Title: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan and environmental impact statement : final : Volume 2 Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 1994, 2005, 2004 Proposed resource management plan/final environmental impact statement for the Klamath Falls Resource Area Close

• 50. [Image] Administrative history: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon [volume 2]

  	2 v.: ill., maps; "NPS D-71 March 1988" - [end of both volumes]; Includes bibliographical references.
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Administrative history: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon [volume 2] Author: Harlan D. Unrau Year: 1988, 2009, 2010 2 v.: ill., maps; "NPS D-71 March 1988" - [end of both volumes]; Includes bibliographical references. Title: Administrative history: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon [volume 2] Author: Harlan D. Unrau Year: 1988, 2009, 2010 2 v.: ill., maps; "NPS D-71 March 1988" - [end of both volumes]; Includes bibliographical references. Close

• 51. [Image] Aerial view of alkali patterns

  	KP-1724 - Klamath Project. Alkali patterns similar to those shown in this picture present an obstacle to the cultivation of certain lands on the Klamath Project. With proper land management over a period ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aerial view of alkali patterns Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Burrows, A.J. Year: 1948, 2007, 2005 KP-1724 - Klamath Project. Alkali patterns similar to those shown in this picture present an obstacle to the cultivation of certain lands on the Klamath Project. With proper land management over a period of years these lands can in all probability become productive; June 17, 1948; Photo by A. J. Burrows Title: Aerial view of alkali patterns Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Burrows, A.J. Year: 1948, 2007, 2005 KP-1724 - Klamath Project. Alkali patterns similar to those shown in this picture present an obstacle to the cultivation of certain lands on the Klamath Project. With proper land management over a period of years these lands can in all probability become productive; June 17, 1948; Photo by A. J. Burrows Close

• 52. [Image] Integrated land management on Tule Lake Wildlife Refuge: an alternative management strategy developed by the Integrated Land Management Working Group: promoting productive wetland habitats and sustainable agriculture on Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge

  	EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document describes the rationale for and implementation of an Integrated Land Management (ILM) Plan for the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). The proposal is the recommendation ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Integrated land management on Tule Lake Wildlife Refuge: an alternative management strategy developed by the Integrated Land Management Working Group: promoting productive wetland habitats and sustainable agriculture on Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge Author: Integrated Land Management Working Group (Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Calif.) Year: 2000, 2006, 2005 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document describes the rationale for and implementation of an Integrated Land Management (ILM) Plan for the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). The proposal is the recommendation of 5 representative stakeholders in the Tule Lake area. During the 1950fs, 1960fs, and early 1970's, Tule Lake NWR was considered the single most important waterfowl refuge in North America when peak populations exceeded 2.5 million ducks and 1.0 million geese. The Kuchel Act of 1964 was enacted to preserve these waterfowl values as well as the local agricultural economy dependent on Refuge lands. However, restrictive management of wetlands and water levels under the Kuchel Act has eliminated the ecological processes critical to the Refuge's sustained wetland diversity and productivity. Currently, Tule Lake NWR supports a fraction of its past waterfowl use, species diversity has declined, and its value to endangered species has diminished. Agricultural sustainability is also thre Title: Integrated land management on Tule Lake Wildlife Refuge: an alternative management strategy developed by the Integrated Land Management Working Group: promoting productive wetland habitats and sustainable agriculture on Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge Author: Integrated Land Management Working Group (Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Calif.) Year: 2000, 2006, 2005 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This document describes the rationale for and implementation of an Integrated Land Management (ILM) Plan for the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (NWR). The proposal is the recommendation of 5 representative stakeholders in the Tule Lake area. During the 1950fs, 1960fs, and early 1970's, Tule Lake NWR was considered the single most important waterfowl refuge in North America when peak populations exceeded 2.5 million ducks and 1.0 million geese. The Kuchel Act of 1964 was enacted to preserve these waterfowl values as well as the local agricultural economy dependent on Refuge lands. However, restrictive management of wetlands and water levels under the Kuchel Act has eliminated the ecological processes critical to the Refuge's sustained wetland diversity and productivity. Currently, Tule Lake NWR supports a fraction of its past waterfowl use, species diversity has declined, and its value to endangered species has diminished. Agricultural sustainability is also thre Close

• 53. [Image] Agricultural information on Klamath County irrigation

  	Pamphlet, compiled by the Klamath County Agricultural Agent, describing the history and status of the Klamath Project
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Agricultural information on Klamath County irrigation Author: Henderson, C.A. Year: 1930, 2005 Pamphlet, compiled by the Klamath County Agricultural Agent, describing the history and status of the Klamath Project Title: Agricultural information on Klamath County irrigation Author: Henderson, C.A. Year: 1930, 2005 Pamphlet, compiled by the Klamath County Agricultural Agent, describing the history and status of the Klamath Project Close

• 54. [Image] Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1917

  	Photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographs, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual Report of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1914; Title covers: calendar ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1917 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1917, 2008, 2005 Photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographs, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual Report of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1914; Title covers: calendar years for 1913 - 1917; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1917 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1917, 2008, 2005 Photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographs, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual Report of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1914; Title covers: calendar years for 1913 - 1917; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Close

• 55. [Image] Seeking refuge: making space for migratory waterfowl and wetlands along the Pacific Flyway

  	Abstract "Seeking Refuge" examines the history of migratory waterfowl management along the Pacific Flyway, the westernmost of four main migration routes in North America. Drawing on approaches from historical ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seeking refuge: making space for migratory waterfowl and wetlands along the Pacific Flyway Author: Wilson, Robert Michael Year: 2003, 2005, 2004 Abstract "Seeking Refuge" examines the history of migratory waterfowl management along the Pacific Flyway, the westernmost of four main migration routes in North America. Drawing on approaches from historical geography and environmental history, this study shows how wildlife officials developed migratory bird refuges in Oregon and California, where over 60 percent of Pacific Flyway waterfowl winter. During the early-twentieth century, reclamation and river diking eliminated most of the wetlands in the birds' wintering range. Bird enthusiasts such as bird watchers and duck hunters successfully lobbied for the creation of wildlife refuges in a few areas along the flyway. These early refuges failed to protect waterfowl habitat and they were severely degraded by reclamation. In the 1930s and 1940s, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and its predecessor, the Bureau of Biological Survey, undertook an ambitious program to resurrect these sanctuaries and to create new ones. Many farmers opposed these refuges out of fear that waterfowl would damage crops. To respond to these concerns and to ensure an adequate food supply for the birds, the FWS raised rice, barley, and other grains. The agency adopted many of the technologies of modern, industrial agriculture including synthetic herbicides and insecticides such as 2, 4-D and DDT. By the 1960s, the refuges had become largely mirrors of the surrounding irrigated farmlands, the main difference being that the FWS raised grain for waterfowl rather than for market. Refuges could not escape the agricultural settings in which they were embedded. As units within the irrigated countryside, Pacific Flyway refuges were often at the mercy of nearby farmers and federal reclamation agencies. Poor water quality and insufficient supplies of water often hampered FWS efforts to manage refuges. In the late-twentieth century, reduced water supply due to diversions to California municipalities and to sustain endangered fish species affected the amount of water reaching refuges. This dissertation has other goals. First, it critiques the anthropocentrism of most historical geography by focusing on how political, cultural, and ecological factors affected wildlife. Second, it contributes to the literature on the state's role in environmental protection by investigating the overlapping, and often contradictory, spaces within which wildlife managers implemented environmental regulations. Title: Seeking refuge: making space for migratory waterfowl and wetlands along the Pacific Flyway Author: Wilson, Robert Michael Year: 2003, 2005, 2004 Abstract "Seeking Refuge" examines the history of migratory waterfowl management along the Pacific Flyway, the westernmost of four main migration routes in North America. Drawing on approaches from historical geography and environmental history, this study shows how wildlife officials developed migratory bird refuges in Oregon and California, where over 60 percent of Pacific Flyway waterfowl winter. During the early-twentieth century, reclamation and river diking eliminated most of the wetlands in the birds' wintering range. Bird enthusiasts such as bird watchers and duck hunters successfully lobbied for the creation of wildlife refuges in a few areas along the flyway. These early refuges failed to protect waterfowl habitat and they were severely degraded by reclamation. In the 1930s and 1940s, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and its predecessor, the Bureau of Biological Survey, undertook an ambitious program to resurrect these sanctuaries and to create new ones. Many farmers opposed these refuges out of fear that waterfowl would damage crops. To respond to these concerns and to ensure an adequate food supply for the birds, the FWS raised rice, barley, and other grains. The agency adopted many of the technologies of modern, industrial agriculture including synthetic herbicides and insecticides such as 2, 4-D and DDT. By the 1960s, the refuges had become largely mirrors of the surrounding irrigated farmlands, the main difference being that the FWS raised grain for waterfowl rather than for market. Refuges could not escape the agricultural settings in which they were embedded. As units within the irrigated countryside, Pacific Flyway refuges were often at the mercy of nearby farmers and federal reclamation agencies. Poor water quality and insufficient supplies of water often hampered FWS efforts to manage refuges. In the late-twentieth century, reduced water supply due to diversions to California municipalities and to sustain endangered fish species affected the amount of water reaching refuges. This dissertation has other goals. First, it critiques the anthropocentrism of most historical geography by focusing on how political, cultural, and ecological factors affected wildlife. Second, it contributes to the literature on the state's role in environmental protection by investigating the overlapping, and often contradictory, spaces within which wildlife managers implemented environmental regulations. Close

• 56. [Image] Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1914

  	Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1914 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1914, 2008, 2004 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946. Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1914 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1914, 2008, 2004 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946. Close

• 57. [Image] Lakeview proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement [volume 3]

  	4 v.; maps (some col.); "August 2002"; "January 2003" -- cover
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lakeview proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement [volume 3] Author: U.S. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Land Management; Lakeview Resource Area Office. Lakeview District Year: 2002, 2008, 2006 4 v.; maps (some col.); "August 2002"; "January 2003" -- cover Title: Lakeview proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement [volume 3] Author: U.S. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Land Management; Lakeview Resource Area Office. Lakeview District Year: 2002, 2008, 2006 4 v.; maps (some col.); "August 2002"; "January 2003" -- cover Close

• 58. [Image] The Klamath Project

  	"Seventh draft"; Includes bibliographical references and index
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Klamath Project Author: Stene, Eric A. Year: 1994, 2004 "Seventh draft"; Includes bibliographical references and index Title: The Klamath Project Author: Stene, Eric A. Year: 1994, 2004 "Seventh draft"; Includes bibliographical references and index Close

• 59. [Image] An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins [volume 1]

  	Quigley, Thomas M.; Arbelbide, Sylvia J., tech. eds. 1997. An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins: volume 1. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-405. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins [volume 1] Author: Quigley, Thomas Milton; Arbelbide, S. J. (Sylvia J.) Year: 1997, 2008, 2005 Quigley, Thomas M.; Arbelbide, Sylvia J., tech. eds. 1997. An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins: volume 1. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-405. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 4 vol. (Quigley, Thomas M., tech. ed.; The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment). The Assessment of Ecosystem Components in the Interior Columbia Basin and Portions of the Klamath and Great Basins provides detailed information about current conditions and trends for the biophysical and social systems within the Basin. This information can be used by land managers to develop broad land management goals and priorities and provides the context for decisions specific to smaller geographic areas. The Assessment area covers about 8 percent of the U.S. land area, 24 percent of the Nation's National Forest System lands, 10 percent of the Nation's BLM-administered lands, and contains about 1.2 percent of the Nation's population. This results in a population density that is less than one-sixth of the U.S. average. The area has experienced recent, rapid population growth and generally has a robust, diverse economy. As compared to historic conditions, the terrestrial, aquatic, forest, and rangeland systems have undergone dramatic changes. Forested landscapes are more susceptible to fire, insect, and disease than under historic conditions. Rangelands are highly susceptible to noxious weed invasion. The disturbance regimes that operate on forest and rangeland have changed substantially, with lethal fires dominating many areas where non-lethal fires were the norm historically. Terrestrial habitats that have experienced the greatest decline include the native grassland, native shrubland, and old forest structures. There are areas within the Assessment area that have higher diversity than others. Aquatic systems are now more fragmented and isolated than historically and the introduction of non-native fish species has complicated current status of native fishes. Core habitat and population centers do remain as building blocks for restoration. Social and economic conditions within the Assessment area vary considerably, depending to a great extent on population, diversity of employment opportunities, and changing demographics. Those counties with the higher population densities and greater diversity of employment opportunities are generally more resilient to economic downturns. This Assessment provides a rich information base, including over 170 mapped themes with associated models and databases, from which future decisions can benefit. Keywords: Columbia basin, biophysical systems, social systems, ecosystem. Title: An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins [volume 1] Author: Quigley, Thomas Milton; Arbelbide, S. J. (Sylvia J.) Year: 1997, 2008, 2005 Quigley, Thomas M.; Arbelbide, Sylvia J., tech. eds. 1997. An assessment of ecosystem components in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins: volume 1. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-405. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 4 vol. (Quigley, Thomas M., tech. ed.; The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment). The Assessment of Ecosystem Components in the Interior Columbia Basin and Portions of the Klamath and Great Basins provides detailed information about current conditions and trends for the biophysical and social systems within the Basin. This information can be used by land managers to develop broad land management goals and priorities and provides the context for decisions specific to smaller geographic areas. The Assessment area covers about 8 percent of the U.S. land area, 24 percent of the Nation's National Forest System lands, 10 percent of the Nation's BLM-administered lands, and contains about 1.2 percent of the Nation's population. This results in a population density that is less than one-sixth of the U.S. average. The area has experienced recent, rapid population growth and generally has a robust, diverse economy. As compared to historic conditions, the terrestrial, aquatic, forest, and rangeland systems have undergone dramatic changes. Forested landscapes are more susceptible to fire, insect, and disease than under historic conditions. Rangelands are highly susceptible to noxious weed invasion. The disturbance regimes that operate on forest and rangeland have changed substantially, with lethal fires dominating many areas where non-lethal fires were the norm historically. Terrestrial habitats that have experienced the greatest decline include the native grassland, native shrubland, and old forest structures. There are areas within the Assessment area that have higher diversity than others. Aquatic systems are now more fragmented and isolated than historically and the introduction of non-native fish species has complicated current status of native fishes. Core habitat and population centers do remain as building blocks for restoration. Social and economic conditions within the Assessment area vary considerably, depending to a great extent on population, diversity of employment opportunities, and changing demographics. Those counties with the higher population densities and greater diversity of employment opportunities are generally more resilient to economic downturns. This Assessment provides a rich information base, including over 170 mapped themes with associated models and databases, from which future decisions can benefit. Keywords: Columbia basin, biophysical systems, social systems, ecosystem. Close

• 60. [Image] Tule Lake, Lower Klamath, and Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuges : hearing before the Subcommittee on Irrigation and Reclamation of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate, Eighty-seventh Congress, second session, on S. 1988 ... February 23, 1962

  	CONTENTS Page S. 1988 1 Committee Print of S. 1988 2 Departmental reports: Agriculture 9 Budget 10 Interior 4 STATEMENT Brown, Edmund G., Governor, State of California 26 Butcher, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tule Lake, Lower Klamath, and Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuges : hearing before the Subcommittee on Irrigation and Reclamation of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate, Eighty-seventh Congress, second session, on S. 1988 ... February 23, 1962 Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs Year: 1962, 2005 CONTENTS Page S. 1988 1 Committee Print of S. 1988 2 Departmental reports: Agriculture 9 Budget 10 Interior 4 STATEMENT Brown, Edmund G., Governor, State of California 26 Butcher, Deveraux, editor, National Wildlands News 158 Cushman, Lester M., vice president; Alvin Landis, counsel; Howard Stoddard, consulting engineer; Edwin Lance, engineer and manager; and Ivan Rose, director, Tulelake Irrigation District 116, 132 Douglas, Philip A., executive secretary, Sport Fishing Institute 144 Dugan, Harold P., regional director, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, Calif., Department of the Interior 60 Elser, William P., president, California Fish and Game Association 137 Gordon, Seth, California Duck Hunters Association 138 Gutermuth, C. R., vice president, Wildlife Management Institute, Wash ington, D.C 148 Henzel, Richard, president, board of supervisors, Klamath Drainage Dis trict 84 Horn, Everett E., California Duck Hunters Association 142 Janzen, Daniel H., Director, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Fish and Wildlife Service; accompanied by Richard Dittman, engineer; Richard Griffith, chief, Regional Wildlife Division, Portland, Oreg.; Robert Russell, refuge manager, Klamath and Tule Lake Wildlife Refuges; and Jean Branson, staff assistant, regional office, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior 40 Johnson, Hon. Harold T., a Representative in Congress from the State of California 114 Kimball, Thomas L., executive director, National Wildlife Federation 146 Kuchel, Hon. Thomas, a U.S. Senator from the State of California 27 Landis, Alvin, counsel, Tulelake Irrigation District 116 Langslet, Chester L., representing the Klamath Basin Water Users' Protective Association, Klamath Sportsmen's Association, and Oregon Wildlife Federation 64, 83 Metcalf, Hon. Lee, a U.S. Senator from the State of Montana 25 Penfold, Joe, Izaak Walton League of America 152 Proctor, George H., counsel, Klamath Drainage District 90 Smith, Dr. Spencer M., Jr., secretary, Citizens Committee on Natural Resources 158 Stearns, James G., supervisor, Modoc County, Calif 110 Stoddard, Howard, consulting engineer, Tulelake Irrigation District 129 Udall, Hon. Stewart L., Secretary of the Interior, accompanied by Robert M. Paul, Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife 18 Title: Tule Lake, Lower Klamath, and Upper Klamath National Wildlife Refuges : hearing before the Subcommittee on Irrigation and Reclamation of the Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs, United States Senate, Eighty-seventh Congress, second session, on S. 1988 ... February 23, 1962 Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Interior and Insular Affairs Year: 1962, 2005 CONTENTS Page S. 1988 1 Committee Print of S. 1988 2 Departmental reports: Agriculture 9 Budget 10 Interior 4 STATEMENT Brown, Edmund G., Governor, State of California 26 Butcher, Deveraux, editor, National Wildlands News 158 Cushman, Lester M., vice president; Alvin Landis, counsel; Howard Stoddard, consulting engineer; Edwin Lance, engineer and manager; and Ivan Rose, director, Tulelake Irrigation District 116, 132 Douglas, Philip A., executive secretary, Sport Fishing Institute 144 Dugan, Harold P., regional director, Bureau of Reclamation, Sacramento, Calif., Department of the Interior 60 Elser, William P., president, California Fish and Game Association 137 Gordon, Seth, California Duck Hunters Association 138 Gutermuth, C. R., vice president, Wildlife Management Institute, Wash ington, D.C 148 Henzel, Richard, president, board of supervisors, Klamath Drainage Dis trict 84 Horn, Everett E., California Duck Hunters Association 142 Janzen, Daniel H., Director, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Fish and Wildlife Service; accompanied by Richard Dittman, engineer; Richard Griffith, chief, Regional Wildlife Division, Portland, Oreg.; Robert Russell, refuge manager, Klamath and Tule Lake Wildlife Refuges; and Jean Branson, staff assistant, regional office, Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior 40 Johnson, Hon. Harold T., a Representative in Congress from the State of California 114 Kimball, Thomas L., executive director, National Wildlife Federation 146 Kuchel, Hon. Thomas, a U.S. Senator from the State of California 27 Landis, Alvin, counsel, Tulelake Irrigation District 116 Langslet, Chester L., representing the Klamath Basin Water Users' Protective Association, Klamath Sportsmen's Association, and Oregon Wildlife Federation 64, 83 Metcalf, Hon. Lee, a U.S. Senator from the State of Montana 25 Penfold, Joe, Izaak Walton League of America 152 Proctor, George H., counsel, Klamath Drainage District 90 Smith, Dr. Spencer M., Jr., secretary, Citizens Committee on Natural Resources 158 Stearns, James G., supervisor, Modoc County, Calif 110 Stoddard, Howard, consulting engineer, Tulelake Irrigation District 129 Udall, Hon. Stewart L., Secretary of the Interior, accompanied by Robert M. Paul, Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Fish and Wildlife 18 Close

• 61. [Image] Lakeview proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement [volume 1]

  	4 v.; maps (some col.); "August 2002"; "January 2003" -- cover
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lakeview proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement [volume 1] Author: U.S. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Land Management; Lakeview Resource Area Office. Lakeview District Year: 2002, 2006, 2005 4 v.; maps (some col.); "August 2002"; "January 2003" -- cover Title: Lakeview proposed resource management plan and final environmental impact statement [volume 1] Author: U.S. Department of the Interior. Bureau of Land Management; Lakeview Resource Area Office. Lakeview District Year: 2002, 2006, 2005 4 v.; maps (some col.); "August 2002"; "January 2003" -- cover Close

• 62. [Image] Administrative history: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon [volume 1]

  	2 v.: ill., maps; "NPS D-71 March 1988" - [end of both volumes]; Includes bibliographical references
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Administrative history: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon [volume 1] Author: Harlan D. Unrau Year: 1988, 2009, 2010 2 v.: ill., maps; "NPS D-71 March 1988" - [end of both volumes]; Includes bibliographical references Title: Administrative history: Crater Lake National Park, Oregon [volume 1] Author: Harlan D. Unrau Year: 1988, 2009, 2010 2 v.: ill., maps; "NPS D-71 March 1988" - [end of both volumes]; Includes bibliographical references Close

• 63. [Image] Mountain pine beetle damage in the Pacific Northwest, 1955-1966

  	illus., maps (part col.);
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mountain pine beetle damage in the Pacific Northwest, 1955-1966 Author: Dolph, Robert E. Year: 1968, 2010 illus., maps (part col.); Title: Mountain pine beetle damage in the Pacific Northwest, 1955-1966 Author: Dolph, Robert E. Year: 1968, 2010 illus., maps (part col.); Close

• 64. [Image] A guide to Oregon permits issued by state & federal agencies with a focus on permits for watershed restoration activities Watersheds and the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board

  	"Spring 2000."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A guide to Oregon permits issued by state & federal agencies with a focus on permits for watershed restoration activities Watersheds and the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Year: 2000, 2005 "Spring 2000." Title: A guide to Oregon permits issued by state & federal agencies with a focus on permits for watershed restoration activities Watersheds and the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board Year: 2000, 2005 "Spring 2000." Close

• 65. [Image] Klamath wild and scenic river eligibility report and environmental assessment : Klamath River, Oregon : draft

  	"February 1994." ; "Much of this document was taken directly from, or based on, the Bureau of Land Management's earlier studies of the Klamath River: the Final eligibility and suitability report for the ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath wild and scenic river eligibility report and environmental assessment : Klamath River, Oregon : draft Author: United States. National Park Service. Pacific Northwest Region Year: 1994, 2004 "February 1994." ; "Much of this document was taken directly from, or based on, the Bureau of Land Management's earlier studies of the Klamath River: the Final eligibility and suitability report for the Upper Klamath wild and scenic river study and the Draft Klamath Falls area resource management plan and environmental impact statement. This assessment also borrowed heavily from the Final environmental impact statement for the Salt Caves hydroelectric project prepared by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission."-p.i ; "State of Oregon application, Section 2(a)(ii) National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act." Title: Klamath wild and scenic river eligibility report and environmental assessment : Klamath River, Oregon : draft Author: United States. National Park Service. Pacific Northwest Region Year: 1994, 2004 "February 1994." ; "Much of this document was taken directly from, or based on, the Bureau of Land Management's earlier studies of the Klamath River: the Final eligibility and suitability report for the Upper Klamath wild and scenic river study and the Draft Klamath Falls area resource management plan and environmental impact statement. This assessment also borrowed heavily from the Final environmental impact statement for the Salt Caves hydroelectric project prepared by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission."-p.i ; "State of Oregon application, Section 2(a)(ii) National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act." Close

• 66. [Image] Report on payment capacity for Tule Lake irrigation district, Klamath Project

  	SUMMARY To provide a basis for negotiations of a repayment contract with an irrigation district representing the water users of the Tule Lake Division of the Klamath Project, this report has been prepared. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Report on payment capacity for Tule Lake irrigation district, Klamath Project Author: Best, R.R. Year: 1948, 2004 SUMMARY To provide a basis for negotiations of a repayment contract with an irrigation district representing the water users of the Tule Lake Division of the Klamath Project, this report has been prepared. It covers past, present, and anticipated future agricultural and economic conditions and substantiates the proposed district's capacity to repay construction costs for irrigation water as well as to meet operation and maintenance charges It has been prepared according to procedures and policies established pursuant to the Federal Reclamation laws (Act of June 17, 1902, 32 Stat. 388, and acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto.) In general, a representative farm budget method of analysis was employed to determine the payment capacity* Gross income of the land was based upon average per acre yields in the area and 1939-44 prices received. Prices of certain crops were adjusted further in accordance with long term outlook for these crops. From the gross income, all farm operating and retention expenses, including cultural and harvesting costs, taxes, insurance, depreciation and replacement, interest on investment, and a reasonable allowance for family living predicated upon the same base period (1939-44) have been subtracted to arrive at payment capacity. Individual consideration has been given to the block of land entered prior to 1948 (the major portion of the area), the lands of the Coppock Bay Area which are principally Class 2, and the undeveloped lands of the area just south of Malin, Oregon, Area C, Plate 1. The annual payment capacity of the irrigable lands entered prior to 1914-8, is determined to be approximately $50 per acre. The Class 2 lands of the Coppock Bay Area are shown to have a payment capacity of $21 per acre, as a result of slightly higher operating costs and probable lower yield or quality of certain crops. For the undeveloped area just south of Malin, Area C of Plate 1, the payment capacity is determined at $18 per acre after development to the extent expected under settlement and development plans currently being formulated The weighted average payment capacity for these areas is calculated to be $26.25 per acre. There is no need for a development period for the lands of the Tule Lake Division, except for the latter area as indicated above. Furthermore, after liberal allowance for farming costs and a reasonable family living, the resulting payment capacities appear to be well in excess of any annual installments likely to be considered necessary for repayment of the District's construction obligation and operation and maintenance charges. Title: Report on payment capacity for Tule Lake irrigation district, Klamath Project Author: Best, R.R. Year: 1948, 2004 SUMMARY To provide a basis for negotiations of a repayment contract with an irrigation district representing the water users of the Tule Lake Division of the Klamath Project, this report has been prepared. It covers past, present, and anticipated future agricultural and economic conditions and substantiates the proposed district's capacity to repay construction costs for irrigation water as well as to meet operation and maintenance charges It has been prepared according to procedures and policies established pursuant to the Federal Reclamation laws (Act of June 17, 1902, 32 Stat. 388, and acts amendatory thereof and supplementary thereto.) In general, a representative farm budget method of analysis was employed to determine the payment capacity* Gross income of the land was based upon average per acre yields in the area and 1939-44 prices received. Prices of certain crops were adjusted further in accordance with long term outlook for these crops. From the gross income, all farm operating and retention expenses, including cultural and harvesting costs, taxes, insurance, depreciation and replacement, interest on investment, and a reasonable allowance for family living predicated upon the same base period (1939-44) have been subtracted to arrive at payment capacity. Individual consideration has been given to the block of land entered prior to 1948 (the major portion of the area), the lands of the Coppock Bay Area which are principally Class 2, and the undeveloped lands of the area just south of Malin, Oregon, Area C, Plate 1. The annual payment capacity of the irrigable lands entered prior to 1914-8, is determined to be approximately $50 per acre. The Class 2 lands of the Coppock Bay Area are shown to have a payment capacity of $21 per acre, as a result of slightly higher operating costs and probable lower yield or quality of certain crops. For the undeveloped area just south of Malin, Area C of Plate 1, the payment capacity is determined at $18 per acre after development to the extent expected under settlement and development plans currently being formulated The weighted average payment capacity for these areas is calculated to be $26.25 per acre. There is no need for a development period for the lands of the Tule Lake Division, except for the latter area as indicated above. Furthermore, after liberal allowance for farming costs and a reasonable family living, the resulting payment capacities appear to be well in excess of any annual installments likely to be considered necessary for repayment of the District's construction obligation and operation and maintenance charges. Close

• 67. [Image] Dear concerned citizen

  	"Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) proposed decision and finding of no significant impact for the Lost River Management Framework Plan amendments."-- P. [1]; August 19, 1988."; "BLM-OR-PT-88-12-1792"--P. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Dear concerned citizen Year: 1988, 2005 "Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) proposed decision and finding of no significant impact for the Lost River Management Framework Plan amendments."-- P. [1]; August 19, 1988."; "BLM-OR-PT-88-12-1792"--P. 8 Title: Dear concerned citizen Year: 1988, 2005 "Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) proposed decision and finding of no significant impact for the Lost River Management Framework Plan amendments."-- P. [1]; August 19, 1988."; "BLM-OR-PT-88-12-1792"--P. 8 Close

• 68. [Image] A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest

  	Abstract Everest, Fred H.; Stouder, Deanna J.; Kakoyannis, Christina; Houston, Laurie; Stankey, George; Kline, Jeffery; Alig, Ralph. 2004. A review of scientific information ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest Year: 2004 Abstract Everest, Fred H.; Stouder, Deanna J.; Kakoyannis, Christina; Houston, Laurie; Stankey, George; Kline, Jeffery; Alig, Ralph. 2004. A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-595. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 128 p. Fresh water is a valuable and essential commodity in the Pacific Northwest States, specifically Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and one provided abundantly by forested watersheds in the region. The maintenance and growth of industrial, municipal, agricultural, and recreational activities in the region are dependent on adequate and sustainable supplies of fresh water from surface and ground-water sources. Future development, especially in the semiarid intermountain area, depends on the conservation and expansion of the region's water resource. This synthesis reviews the state of our knowledge and condition of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Keywords: Water distribution, flow regimes, water demand, conflicts, tools, water use. Title: A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest Year: 2004 Abstract Everest, Fred H.; Stouder, Deanna J.; Kakoyannis, Christina; Houston, Laurie; Stankey, George; Kline, Jeffery; Alig, Ralph. 2004. A review of scientific information on issues related to the use and management of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-595. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 128 p. Fresh water is a valuable and essential commodity in the Pacific Northwest States, specifically Oregon, Washington, and Idaho, and one provided abundantly by forested watersheds in the region. The maintenance and growth of industrial, municipal, agricultural, and recreational activities in the region are dependent on adequate and sustainable supplies of fresh water from surface and ground-water sources. Future development, especially in the semiarid intermountain area, depends on the conservation and expansion of the region's water resource. This synthesis reviews the state of our knowledge and condition of water resources in the Pacific Northwest. Keywords: Water distribution, flow regimes, water demand, conflicts, tools, water use. Close

• 69. [Image] Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1915

  	Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1915 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1915, 2008, 2005 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946. Title: Annual report of the Klamath Project, Oregon-California, 1915 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1915, 2008, 2005 Some issues include, photographs, maps, and tables for land acquired, hydrographies, contracts, etc.; Description based on Annual rept. of the Klamath project: Oregon and California for calendar year 1913. Title covers: calendar years for 1913-1917. Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from the 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946. Close

• 70. [Image] Forestry program for Oregon

  	This document sets forth the Board of Forestry's strategic vision for Oregon's forests for the next eight years
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forestry program for Oregon Author: Oregon State Board of Forestry Year: 2003, 2005 This document sets forth the Board of Forestry's strategic vision for Oregon's forests for the next eight years Title: Forestry program for Oregon Author: Oregon State Board of Forestry Year: 2003, 2005 This document sets forth the Board of Forestry's strategic vision for Oregon's forests for the next eight years Close

• 71. [Image] Undepleted natural flow of the upper Klamath River : natural inflow to, natural losses from, and natural outfall of Upper Klamath Lake to the Link River and of Lower Klamath Lake to the Klamath River at Keno

  	A monthly natural flow history was determined for the 1949 to 2000 period at the Keno gage of the Upper Klamath River basin in south-central Oregon. Included within the evaluation is an assessment of natural ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Undepleted natural flow of the upper Klamath River : natural inflow to, natural losses from, and natural outfall of Upper Klamath Lake to the Link River and of Lower Klamath Lake to the Klamath River at Keno Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation. Denver Office. Technical Service Center Year: 2005, 2004 A monthly natural flow history was determined for the 1949 to 2000 period at the Keno gage of the Upper Klamath River basin in south-central Oregon. Included within the evaluation is an assessment of natural flows for the same period at the outfall of Upper Klamath Lake, which forms the head of the Link River at Klamath Falls, Oregon. Flow past the Link River gage is tributary to the Klamath River above Lower Klamath Lake. These natural flows were determined using standard and accepted methods. Records used in developing this analysis were derived from stream-gaging records and from climatic records for stations within and adjacent to the study area. Information was also obtained from published maps and reports, and file documents of the Klamath Area Office. Currently, received comments are being addressed and evaluation of elements related to these comments is in progress. The objective of this report is to provide a representative estimate of the monthly natural flow of the Upper Klamath River. Such an estimate is of the natural flow that would typically have occurred without the water-resources developments in the Upper Klamath Basin. A water-budget assessment was used in the determination of the natural flows. The assessment includes results from an evaluation of present-day irrigation depletions, and losses from reclaimed marshland, that have changed the natural inflow to, and resulting natural outfall from, Upper Klamath Lake. Also evaluated were losses to the natural inflow that would have been incurred due to pre-development marshland and evaporation associated with Upper Klamath Lake. The natural outfall from the lake comprised the natural flow of the Link River at Klamath Falls and also the consequent natural inflow to Lower Klamath Lake. Therefore, a similar evaluation was also completed for Lower Klamath Lake to estimate the natural flow of the Klamath River at Keno. The water-budget assessment was designed to simulate each lake as a natural water body within a stream-connected two-lake system. Much of the assessment was completed using Excel. Title: Undepleted natural flow of the upper Klamath River : natural inflow to, natural losses from, and natural outfall of Upper Klamath Lake to the Link River and of Lower Klamath Lake to the Klamath River at Keno Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation. Denver Office. Technical Service Center Year: 2005, 2004 A monthly natural flow history was determined for the 1949 to 2000 period at the Keno gage of the Upper Klamath River basin in south-central Oregon. Included within the evaluation is an assessment of natural flows for the same period at the outfall of Upper Klamath Lake, which forms the head of the Link River at Klamath Falls, Oregon. Flow past the Link River gage is tributary to the Klamath River above Lower Klamath Lake. These natural flows were determined using standard and accepted methods. Records used in developing this analysis were derived from stream-gaging records and from climatic records for stations within and adjacent to the study area. Information was also obtained from published maps and reports, and file documents of the Klamath Area Office. Currently, received comments are being addressed and evaluation of elements related to these comments is in progress. The objective of this report is to provide a representative estimate of the monthly natural flow of the Upper Klamath River. Such an estimate is of the natural flow that would typically have occurred without the water-resources developments in the Upper Klamath Basin. A water-budget assessment was used in the determination of the natural flows. The assessment includes results from an evaluation of present-day irrigation depletions, and losses from reclaimed marshland, that have changed the natural inflow to, and resulting natural outfall from, Upper Klamath Lake. Also evaluated were losses to the natural inflow that would have been incurred due to pre-development marshland and evaporation associated with Upper Klamath Lake. The natural outfall from the lake comprised the natural flow of the Link River at Klamath Falls and also the consequent natural inflow to Lower Klamath Lake. Therefore, a similar evaluation was also completed for Lower Klamath Lake to estimate the natural flow of the Klamath River at Keno. The water-budget assessment was designed to simulate each lake as a natural water body within a stream-connected two-lake system. Much of the assessment was completed using Excel. Close

• 72. [Image] A framework for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins

  	Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T.; Quigley, Thomas M., tech. eds. 1996. A framework for ecosystem management in the Interior Columbia Basin including portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A framework for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins Year: 1996, 2005 Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T.; Quigley, Thomas M., tech. eds. 1996. A framework for ecosystem management in the Interior Columbia Basin including portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-374. Portland, OR; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 66 p. A framework for ecosystem management is proposed. This framework assumes the purpose of ecosystem management is to maintain the integrity of ecosystems over time and space. It is based on four ecosystem principles: ecosystems are dynamic, can be viewed as hierarchies with temporal and spatial dimensions, have limits, and are relatively unpredictable. This approach recognizes that people are part of ecosystems and that stewardship must be able to resolve tough challenges including how to meet multiple demands with finite resources. The framework describes a general planning model for ecosystem management that has four iterative steps: monitoring, assessment, decision-making, and implementation. Since ecosystems cross jurisdictional lines, the implementation of the framework depends on partnerships among land managers, the scientific community, and stakeholders. It proposes that decision-making be based on information provided by the best available science and the most appropriate technologies for land management. Keywords: Ecosystem assessment, ecosystem principles, ecosystem management, planning models, management goals, risk analysis. Title: A framework for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins Year: 1996, 2005 Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T.; Quigley, Thomas M., tech. eds. 1996. A framework for ecosystem management in the Interior Columbia Basin including portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-374. Portland, OR; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 66 p. A framework for ecosystem management is proposed. This framework assumes the purpose of ecosystem management is to maintain the integrity of ecosystems over time and space. It is based on four ecosystem principles: ecosystems are dynamic, can be viewed as hierarchies with temporal and spatial dimensions, have limits, and are relatively unpredictable. This approach recognizes that people are part of ecosystems and that stewardship must be able to resolve tough challenges including how to meet multiple demands with finite resources. The framework describes a general planning model for ecosystem management that has four iterative steps: monitoring, assessment, decision-making, and implementation. Since ecosystems cross jurisdictional lines, the implementation of the framework depends on partnerships among land managers, the scientific community, and stakeholders. It proposes that decision-making be based on information provided by the best available science and the most appropriate technologies for land management. Keywords: Ecosystem assessment, ecosystem principles, ecosystem management, planning models, management goals, risk analysis. Close

• 73. [Image] Botrychium summit: 16 March 1993

  	Cover title; Includes draft: Species conservation strategy: pumice grape fern, 1992, botrychium pumicola cov. in underw, Deschutes National Forest sensitive plant program
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Botrychium summit: 16 March 1993 Author: Christine O. Hopkins Year: 1940, 2009, 2010 Cover title; Includes draft: Species conservation strategy: pumice grape fern, 1992, botrychium pumicola cov. in underw, Deschutes National Forest sensitive plant program Title: Botrychium summit: 16 March 1993 Author: Christine O. Hopkins Year: 1940, 2009, 2010 Cover title; Includes draft: Species conservation strategy: pumice grape fern, 1992, botrychium pumicola cov. in underw, Deschutes National Forest sensitive plant program Close

• 74. [Image] An examination of the Klamath Basin crisis : restructuring the discourse within an identity-based framework

  	Thesis (B.A.) -- Whitman College, 2002; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-83)
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An examination of the Klamath Basin crisis : restructuring the discourse within an identity-based framework Author: Dornsife, Alison M. Year: 2002, 2005, 2004 Thesis (B.A.) -- Whitman College, 2002; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-83) Title: An examination of the Klamath Basin crisis : restructuring the discourse within an identity-based framework Author: Dornsife, Alison M. Year: 2002, 2005, 2004 Thesis (B.A.) -- Whitman College, 2002; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-83) Close

• 75. [Image] 1946 Land Opening - View of drained lands of Tule Lake, California

  	KP-1382-R2 - Klamath Project. 1946 Land Opening. View of drained lands of Tule Lake, California, taken from approximately the same spot as KP-1381-R2 to show the contrast of the development of the years. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 1946 Land Opening - View of drained lands of Tule Lake, California Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1947, 2006, 2005 KP-1382-R2 - Klamath Project. 1946 Land Opening. View of drained lands of Tule Lake, California, taken from approximately the same spot as KP-1381-R2 to show the contrast of the development of the years. Note Bloody Point on the left and the same peninsula in the background; March 12, 1947; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Title: 1946 Land Opening - View of drained lands of Tule Lake, California Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1947, 2006, 2005 KP-1382-R2 - Klamath Project. 1946 Land Opening. View of drained lands of Tule Lake, California, taken from approximately the same spot as KP-1381-R2 to show the contrast of the development of the years. Note Bloody Point on the left and the same peninsula in the background; March 12, 1947; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Close

• 76. [Image] Panorama view of the head of Poe Valley, Ore.

  	June 11, 1905 ; Showing a glimpse of Lost River with irrigable lands on both sides of the river, proposed lands to be irrigated under the Klamath River Project. (Also a part of private companies cana...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Panorama view of the head of Poe Valley, Ore. Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1905, 2005, 2004 June 11, 1905 ; Showing a glimpse of Lost River with irrigable lands on both sides of the river, proposed lands to be irrigated under the Klamath River Project. (Also a part of private companies canal) Title: Panorama view of the head of Poe Valley, Ore. Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1905, 2005, 2004 June 11, 1905 ; Showing a glimpse of Lost River with irrigable lands on both sides of the river, proposed lands to be irrigated under the Klamath River Project. (Also a part of private companies canal) Close

• 77. [Image] State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality Rulemaking Proposal and Rulemaking Statements - Revisions to underground Injection Control Rules (OAR 340-044)

  	This document contains the following information, mostly regarding a proposed rule change about Underground Injection Control: description of the fiscal and economic impact of the proposed rule, assurance ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality Rulemaking Proposal and Rulemaking Statements - Revisions to underground Injection Control Rules (OAR 340-044) Author: Department of Environmental Quality Year: 2000 This document contains the following information, mostly regarding a proposed rule change about Underground Injection Control: description of the fiscal and economic impact of the proposed rule, assurance that the proposed rules are consistent with statewide land use goals and compatible with local land use plans, questions to be answered regarding the rule change, and then finally a proposed rule revision and a list of the advisory committee members Title: State of Oregon, Department of Environmental Quality Rulemaking Proposal and Rulemaking Statements - Revisions to underground Injection Control Rules (OAR 340-044) Author: Department of Environmental Quality Year: 2000 This document contains the following information, mostly regarding a proposed rule change about Underground Injection Control: description of the fiscal and economic impact of the proposed rule, assurance that the proposed rules are consistent with statewide land use goals and compatible with local land use plans, questions to be answered regarding the rule change, and then finally a proposed rule revision and a list of the advisory committee members Close

• 78. [Image] Preparation plan for the Klamath River management plan and environmental impact statement

  	"October 2001"; "This planning effort is being undertaken because the current recreation plan is outdated, almost 20 years old . . . At the conclusion of this planning effort there will be one [Environmental ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Preparation plan for the Klamath River management plan and environmental impact statement Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 2001, 2005 "October 2001"; "This planning effort is being undertaken because the current recreation plan is outdated, almost 20 years old . . . At the conclusion of this planning effort there will be one [Environmental Impact Statement] and management plan that will guide and coordinate all land management activities along the river. This EIS could amend both the BLM Redding (Califonia) and the Klamath Falls (Oregon) Resource Management Plans."- Introduction.; This document appears to be a planning document to organize the process of completing later documents, including the Draft Upper Klamath River management plan environmental impact statement and resource management plan amendments (2003) which can be found at http://klamathwaterlib.oit.edu/cgi-bin/viewer.exe?CISOROOT=/WaterLibContent&CISOPTR=110 Title: Preparation plan for the Klamath River management plan and environmental impact statement Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 2001, 2005 "October 2001"; "This planning effort is being undertaken because the current recreation plan is outdated, almost 20 years old . . . At the conclusion of this planning effort there will be one [Environmental Impact Statement] and management plan that will guide and coordinate all land management activities along the river. This EIS could amend both the BLM Redding (Califonia) and the Klamath Falls (Oregon) Resource Management Plans."- Introduction.; This document appears to be a planning document to organize the process of completing later documents, including the Draft Upper Klamath River management plan environmental impact statement and resource management plan amendments (2003) which can be found at http://klamathwaterlib.oit.edu/cgi-bin/viewer.exe?CISOROOT=/WaterLibContent&CISOPTR=110 Close

• 79. [Image] Klamath irrigation district suit bill. Hearings, sixty-ninth Congress, first session

  	CONTENTS Page. Bill S. 3189 2 Bill H. R. 9493 3 Letter from Secretary of the Interior 3 Statement of- Lawrence A. Liljeqvist, assistant attorney general of Oregon 7, 87,101 Herman Phleger, counsel ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath irrigation district suit bill. Hearings, sixty-ninth Congress, first session Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation Year: 1926, 2004 CONTENTS Page. Bill S. 3189 2 Bill H. R. 9493 3 Letter from Secretary of the Interior 3 Statement of- Lawrence A. Liljeqvist, assistant attorney general of Oregon 7, 87,101 Herman Phleger, counsel for California-Oregon Power Co 19 Fred D. Fletcher, attorney at law, 16 Loomis Building, Klamath Falls, Oreg 50 R. E. Bradbury, director Klamath irrigation district, Klamath Falls, Oreg 65 P. W. Dent, assistant commissioner, Bureau of Reclamation, Depart ment of Interior 82 Documents and telegrams in favor of bill 106 Telegrams opposed to bill 123 Telegrams and documents opposed to interference with present contracts- 126 Letter and opinion of attorney general of Oregon to Hon. N. J. Sinnott 29 Section 5791, Oregon Laws 33 Chapter 5, Laws of Oregon, 1905, ceding act 34 Contract between United States and California-Oregon Power Co. of February 24, 1917 35 Letter of attorney of Klamath irrigation district to Hon. N. J. Sinnott 39 Statement of Klamath irrigation district 66 Title: Klamath irrigation district suit bill. Hearings, sixty-ninth Congress, first session Author: United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation Year: 1926, 2004 CONTENTS Page. Bill S. 3189 2 Bill H. R. 9493 3 Letter from Secretary of the Interior 3 Statement of- Lawrence A. Liljeqvist, assistant attorney general of Oregon 7, 87,101 Herman Phleger, counsel for California-Oregon Power Co 19 Fred D. Fletcher, attorney at law, 16 Loomis Building, Klamath Falls, Oreg 50 R. E. Bradbury, director Klamath irrigation district, Klamath Falls, Oreg 65 P. W. Dent, assistant commissioner, Bureau of Reclamation, Depart ment of Interior 82 Documents and telegrams in favor of bill 106 Telegrams opposed to bill 123 Telegrams and documents opposed to interference with present contracts- 126 Letter and opinion of attorney general of Oregon to Hon. N. J. Sinnott 29 Section 5791, Oregon Laws 33 Chapter 5, Laws of Oregon, 1905, ceding act 34 Contract between United States and California-Oregon Power Co. of February 24, 1917 35 Letter of attorney of Klamath irrigation district to Hon. N. J. Sinnott 39 Statement of Klamath irrigation district 66 Close

• 80. [Image] Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins

  	Abstract Quigley, Thomas M.; Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T., tech. eds. 1996. Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins Year: 1996, 2005, 2000 Abstract Quigley, Thomas M.; Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T., tech. eds. 1996. Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-382. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 303 p. (Quigley, Thomas M., tech. ed. The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment.) The Integrated Scientific Assessment for Ecosystem Management for the Interior Columbia Basin links landscape, aquatic, terrestrial, social, and economic characterizations to describe biophysical and social systems. Integration was achieved through a framework built around six goals for ecosystem management and three different views of the future. These goals are: maintain evolutionary and ecological processes; manage for multiple ecological domains and evolutionary timeframes; maintain viable populations of native and desired non-native species; encourage social and economic resiliency; manage for places with definable values; and, manage to maintain a variety of ecosystem goods, services, and conditions that society wants. Ratings of relative ecological integrity and socioeconomic resiliency were used to make broad statements about ecosystem conditions in the Basin. Currently in the Basin high integrity and resiliency are found on 16 and 20 percent of the area, respectively. Low integrity and resiliency are found on 60 and 68 percent of the area. Different approaches to management can alter the risks to the assets of people living in the Basin and to the ecosystem itself. Continuation of current management leads to increasing risks while management approaches focusing on reserves or restoration result in trends that mostly stabilize or reduce risks. Even where ecological integrity is projected to improve with the application of active management, population increases and the pressures of expanding demands on resources may cause increasing trends in risk. Keywords: Ecosystem assessment, management and goals; ecological integrity; socio-economic resiliency; risk management Title: Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia Basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins Year: 1996, 2005, 2000 Abstract Quigley, Thomas M.; Haynes, Richard W.; Graham, Russell T., tech. eds. 1996. Integrated scientific assessment for ecosystem management in the interior Columbia basin and portions of the Klamath and Great Basins. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-382. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 303 p. (Quigley, Thomas M., tech. ed. The Interior Columbia Basin Ecosystem Management Project: Scientific Assessment.) The Integrated Scientific Assessment for Ecosystem Management for the Interior Columbia Basin links landscape, aquatic, terrestrial, social, and economic characterizations to describe biophysical and social systems. Integration was achieved through a framework built around six goals for ecosystem management and three different views of the future. These goals are: maintain evolutionary and ecological processes; manage for multiple ecological domains and evolutionary timeframes; maintain viable populations of native and desired non-native species; encourage social and economic resiliency; manage for places with definable values; and, manage to maintain a variety of ecosystem goods, services, and conditions that society wants. Ratings of relative ecological integrity and socioeconomic resiliency were used to make broad statements about ecosystem conditions in the Basin. Currently in the Basin high integrity and resiliency are found on 16 and 20 percent of the area, respectively. Low integrity and resiliency are found on 60 and 68 percent of the area. Different approaches to management can alter the risks to the assets of people living in the Basin and to the ecosystem itself. Continuation of current management leads to increasing risks while management approaches focusing on reserves or restoration result in trends that mostly stabilize or reduce risks. Even where ecological integrity is projected to improve with the application of active management, population increases and the pressures of expanding demands on resources may cause increasing trends in risk. Keywords: Ecosystem assessment, management and goals; ecological integrity; socio-economic resiliency; risk management Close

• 81. [Image] Geothermal Progress Monitor Report No. 5. Progress Report, June 1981

  	Updated information is presented on activities and progress in the areas of electric power plants, direct heat applications, deep well drilling, leasing of federal lands, legislative and regulatory actions, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Progress Monitor Report No. 5. Progress Report, June 1981 Author: Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Renewable Energy, Division of Geothermal Energy Year: 1981 Updated information is presented on activities and progress in the areas of electric power plants, direct heat applications, deep well drilling, leasing of federal lands, legislative and regulatory actions, research and development, and others. Special attention is given in this report to 1980 highlights, particularly in the areas of electric and direct heat uses, drilling, and the Federal lands leasing program. This report also includes a summary of the DOE FY 1982 geothermal budget request to Congress Title: Geothermal Progress Monitor Report No. 5. Progress Report, June 1981 Author: Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Renewable Energy, Division of Geothermal Energy Year: 1981 Updated information is presented on activities and progress in the areas of electric power plants, direct heat applications, deep well drilling, leasing of federal lands, legislative and regulatory actions, research and development, and others. Special attention is given in this report to 1980 highlights, particularly in the areas of electric and direct heat uses, drilling, and the Federal lands leasing program. This report also includes a summary of the DOE FY 1982 geothermal budget request to Congress Close

• 82. [Image] Resolving the Klamath

  	"October 1999"; Cover title
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Resolving the Klamath Year: 1999, 2004 "October 1999"; Cover title Title: Resolving the Klamath Year: 1999, 2004 "October 1999"; Cover title Close

• 83. [Image] Bull Trout, Salvelinus Confluentus... Draft Recovery Plan, Chapter 2, Klamath River Recovery Unit...U.S. Department Of The Interior

  	KLAMATH RIVER RECOVERY UNIT CHAPTER OF THE BULL TROUT RECOVERY PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CURRENT SPECIES STATUS Klamath River bull trout were listed as a distinct population segment ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bull Trout, Salvelinus Confluentus... Draft Recovery Plan, Chapter 2, Klamath River Recovery Unit...U.S. Department Of The Interior Year: 2008, 2005 KLAMATH RIVER RECOVERY UNIT CHAPTER OF THE BULL TROUT RECOVERY PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CURRENT SPECIES STATUS Klamath River bull trout were listed as a distinct population segment in 1998 (63 FR 31647) because they are physically isolated from other bull trout by the Pacific Ocean and several small mountain ranges in central Oregon. Recovery of bull trout in the Klamath River Recovery Unit, which includes three core areas and nine currently identified local populations, will require cooperation from Federal, State, and local agencies, and Tribal and private entities. Within the Klamath River Recovery Unit, abundance has been severely reduced and remaining populations are fragmented. HABITAT REQUIREMENTS AND LIMITING FACTORS Watershed disruption has played a major role in the decline of bull trout in the Klamath River basin. The effects of historical land use on fish habitat in the larger tributaries and mainstem rivers of the Klamath River basin have been profound. Channelization, water withdrawals, removal of streamside vegetation, and other disturbances have altered the aquatic environment by elevating water temperatures, reducing water quantity and quality, and increasing sedimentation. Changes in or disruptions to watershed processes that influence characteristics of stream channels have also influenced the dynamics and persistence of bull trout populations. Klamath River basin bull trout are threatened by habitat degradation, past and present land use management practices, agricultural water diversions, and competition or hybridization from normative brown and brook trout. As a result of past land and resource management practices, bull trout populations in the Klamath River Recovery Unit are small, disjunct, and face a high risk of extirpation. IV RECOVERY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES The goal of the bull trout recovery plan is to ensure the long-term persistence of self-sustaining, complex interacting groups of bull trout distributed across the species range, so that the species can be delisted. In order to recover bull trout in the Klamath River, the following objectives need to be met: ? Maintain current distribution of bull trout and restore distribution in previously occupied areas within the Klamath River Recovery Unit, as noted in Appendix A. ? Maintain stable or increasing trends in abundance of bull trout within the Klamath River. This objective includes the expression of all life history strategies including resident, fluvial, and adfluvial forms in the Upper Klamath Lake core area and resident and fluvial forms in the Sycan River and Upper Sprague River core areas. ? Restore and maintain suitable habitat conditions for all bull trout life history stages and strategies. In core areas and migration corridors, stable or upward trends in habitat quality are achieved through landscape-level adjustments in land management strategies designed to maintain and/or enhance structural and functional attributes of upslope, riparian, and fluvial systems. ? Conserve genetic diversity and provide opportunity for interchange of genetic material among appropriate core populations. RECOVERY CRITERIA Recovery criteria for the Klamath River Recovery Unit reflect the stated objectives and consideration of population and habitat characteristics within the recovery unit. Using four population and habitat elements, the Klamath River Recovery Unit Team categorized bull trout into three groups of relative risk: diminished, intermediate, and increased. Team members evaluated bull trout under current and potential recovered conditions based on the number of local populations, adult abundance, population trends and variability, and connectivity of the system. These elements were derived from the best scientific information available concerning bull trout population and habitat requirements. Evaluation of these elements under a recovered condition assumed that actions identified within this chapter had been implemented. 1. Distribution criteria will be met when current distribution of bull trout in the 12 local populations is maintained and distribution is expanded by establishing bull trout in areas identified as suitable for potential local populations. The number of existing local populations by core area are as follows: Upper Klamath Lake, 3; Sycan River, 2; and Upper Sprague River, 7. Achieving criterion 1 entails maintaining existing local populations and establishing additional potential local populations in all core areas in the recovery unit to maintain current and recovered distribution. To achieve criterion 1 and to ensure a core area population of no fewer than 100 adult bull trout, establishing at least 5 to 7 local populations in the Klamath Lake core area among 15 potential local populations (2 to 5 new local populations), at least 5 to 7 local populations in the Sycan River core area from among 15 potential local populations (3 to 5 new local populations), and at least 10 to 12 local populations in the Upper Sprague River core area from among 25 potential local populations (3 to 5 new local populations) is necessary. 2. Abundance criteria will be met when the estimated number of adult bull trout is at least 8,250 individuals distributed among the Upper Klamath Lake, Sycan River, and Upper Sprague River core areas, based on 10 years of monitoring data. 3. Trend criteria will be met when adult bull trout exhibit stable or increasing trends in abundance in the Upper Klamath Lake, Sycan River, and Upper Sprague River core areas, based on 2 generations (10 years) of monitoring data. VI 4. Connectivity criteria will be met when specific barriers to bull trout migration in the Klamath River Recovery Unit have been addressed. In the Klamath River Recovery Unit, this objective means addressing passage: 1) existing culverts that impede passage should be replaced, including those on Threemile Creek at U.S. Forest Service Road 110 crossing, Brownsworth Creek at U.S. Forest Service Road 34 crossing, and Brownsworth Creek both 0.75 mile and 1.25 miles above U.S. Forest Service Road 34; the culvert 0.25 mile below U.S. Forest Service Road 34 (to prevent repeated washout); the large-diameter culvert at the Boulder Creek road crossing; culverts in the upper Sycan River watershed that are identified in the Fremont National Forest inventory; and several in the North Fork Sprague River drainage, namely, on North Fork Sprague River (2), Boulder Creek (1), Dead Cow Creek (1), and Sheepy Creek (1); 2) fish passage structures should be installed at water diversions on bull trout streams, and barriers should be removed, including on Cherry, Sevenmile, Sun, and Threemile Creeks; 3) fish screens should be installed to prevent fish from entering diversion canals or pipes, including on Long, Deming, Threemile, Sun, Sevenmile, and Cherry Creeks; 4) manmade barriers and entrainment should be evaluated and remedied to promote migratory bull trout; priority watersheds include Threemile, Long, Deming, Sevenmile, Cherry, Sun, and Long Creeks. The Klamath River Recovery Unit team expects that the recovery process will be dynamic and will be refined as more information becomes available. Future adaptive management will play a major role in recovery implementation and refinement of recovery criteria. The recovery unit criteria listed above will be used to determine when the Klamath River Recovery Unit is fully contributing to recovery of the Klamath River population segment. vn ACTIONS NEEDED Recovery for bull trout will entail reducing threats to the long-term persistence of populations and their habitats, ensuring the security of multiple interacting groups of bull trout, and providing habitat and access to conditions that allow for the expression of various life history forms. The seven categories are listed in Chapter 1; tasks specific to this recovery unit are provided in this chapter. ESTIMATED COST OF RECOVERY Total cost of bull trout recovery in the Klamath River Recovery Unit is estimated at about $26 million spread over a 25-year recovery period. Successful recovery of bull trout in the recovery unit is contingent on removing threats from nonnative species, eliminating barriers to fish movement, and improving habitat conditions within the Klamath River basin. Total cost includes estimates of expenditures by local, Tribal, State, and Federal governments and by private business and individuals. Cost estimates are not provided for tasks which are normal agency responsibilities under existing authorities. The estimated costs are attributed to bull trout conservation, but other aquatic species will also benefit. ESTIMATED DATE OF RECOVERY Time required to achieve recovery depends on bull trout status, factors affecting bull trout, implementation and effectiveness of recovery tasks, and responses to recovery tasks. A tremendous amount of work will be required to restore impaired habitat, reconnect habitat, and eliminate threats from nonnative species. Three to five bull trout generations (15 to 25 years), or possibly longer, may be necessary before identified threats to the species can be significantly reduced and bull trout can be considered eligible for delisting. vin Title: Bull Trout, Salvelinus Confluentus... Draft Recovery Plan, Chapter 2, Klamath River Recovery Unit...U.S. Department Of The Interior Year: 2008, 2005 KLAMATH RIVER RECOVERY UNIT CHAPTER OF THE BULL TROUT RECOVERY PLAN EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CURRENT SPECIES STATUS Klamath River bull trout were listed as a distinct population segment in 1998 (63 FR 31647) because they are physically isolated from other bull trout by the Pacific Ocean and several small mountain ranges in central Oregon. Recovery of bull trout in the Klamath River Recovery Unit, which includes three core areas and nine currently identified local populations, will require cooperation from Federal, State, and local agencies, and Tribal and private entities. Within the Klamath River Recovery Unit, abundance has been severely reduced and remaining populations are fragmented. HABITAT REQUIREMENTS AND LIMITING FACTORS Watershed disruption has played a major role in the decline of bull trout in the Klamath River basin. The effects of historical land use on fish habitat in the larger tributaries and mainstem rivers of the Klamath River basin have been profound. Channelization, water withdrawals, removal of streamside vegetation, and other disturbances have altered the aquatic environment by elevating water temperatures, reducing water quantity and quality, and increasing sedimentation. Changes in or disruptions to watershed processes that influence characteristics of stream channels have also influenced the dynamics and persistence of bull trout populations. Klamath River basin bull trout are threatened by habitat degradation, past and present land use management practices, agricultural water diversions, and competition or hybridization from normative brown and brook trout. As a result of past land and resource management practices, bull trout populations in the Klamath River Recovery Unit are small, disjunct, and face a high risk of extirpation. IV RECOVERY GOAL AND OBJECTIVES The goal of the bull trout recovery plan is to ensure the long-term persistence of self-sustaining, complex interacting groups of bull trout distributed across the species range, so that the species can be delisted. In order to recover bull trout in the Klamath River, the following objectives need to be met: ? Maintain current distribution of bull trout and restore distribution in previously occupied areas within the Klamath River Recovery Unit, as noted in Appendix A. ? Maintain stable or increasing trends in abundance of bull trout within the Klamath River. This objective includes the expression of all life history strategies including resident, fluvial, and adfluvial forms in the Upper Klamath Lake core area and resident and fluvial forms in the Sycan River and Upper Sprague River core areas. ? Restore and maintain suitable habitat conditions for all bull trout life history stages and strategies. In core areas and migration corridors, stable or upward trends in habitat quality are achieved through landscape-level adjustments in land management strategies designed to maintain and/or enhance structural and functional attributes of upslope, riparian, and fluvial systems. ? Conserve genetic diversity and provide opportunity for interchange of genetic material among appropriate core populations. RECOVERY CRITERIA Recovery criteria for the Klamath River Recovery Unit reflect the stated objectives and consideration of population and habitat characteristics within the recovery unit. Using four population and habitat elements, the Klamath River Recovery Unit Team categorized bull trout into three groups of relative risk: diminished, intermediate, and increased. Team members evaluated bull trout under current and potential recovered conditions based on the number of local populations, adult abundance, population trends and variability, and connectivity of the system. These elements were derived from the best scientific information available concerning bull trout population and habitat requirements. Evaluation of these elements under a recovered condition assumed that actions identified within this chapter had been implemented. 1. Distribution criteria will be met when current distribution of bull trout in the 12 local populations is maintained and distribution is expanded by establishing bull trout in areas identified as suitable for potential local populations. The number of existing local populations by core area are as follows: Upper Klamath Lake, 3; Sycan River, 2; and Upper Sprague River, 7. Achieving criterion 1 entails maintaining existing local populations and establishing additional potential local populations in all core areas in the recovery unit to maintain current and recovered distribution. To achieve criterion 1 and to ensure a core area population of no fewer than 100 adult bull trout, establishing at least 5 to 7 local populations in the Klamath Lake core area among 15 potential local populations (2 to 5 new local populations), at least 5 to 7 local populations in the Sycan River core area from among 15 potential local populations (3 to 5 new local populations), and at least 10 to 12 local populations in the Upper Sprague River core area from among 25 potential local populations (3 to 5 new local populations) is necessary. 2. Abundance criteria will be met when the estimated number of adult bull trout is at least 8,250 individuals distributed among the Upper Klamath Lake, Sycan River, and Upper Sprague River core areas, based on 10 years of monitoring data. 3. Trend criteria will be met when adult bull trout exhibit stable or increasing trends in abundance in the Upper Klamath Lake, Sycan River, and Upper Sprague River core areas, based on 2 generations (10 years) of monitoring data. VI 4. Connectivity criteria will be met when specific barriers to bull trout migration in the Klamath River Recovery Unit have been addressed. In the Klamath River Recovery Unit, this objective means addressing passage: 1) existing culverts that impede passage should be replaced, including those on Threemile Creek at U.S. Forest Service Road 110 crossing, Brownsworth Creek at U.S. Forest Service Road 34 crossing, and Brownsworth Creek both 0.75 mile and 1.25 miles above U.S. Forest Service Road 34; the culvert 0.25 mile below U.S. Forest Service Road 34 (to prevent repeated washout); the large-diameter culvert at the Boulder Creek road crossing; culverts in the upper Sycan River watershed that are identified in the Fremont National Forest inventory; and several in the North Fork Sprague River drainage, namely, on North Fork Sprague River (2), Boulder Creek (1), Dead Cow Creek (1), and Sheepy Creek (1); 2) fish passage structures should be installed at water diversions on bull trout streams, and barriers should be removed, including on Cherry, Sevenmile, Sun, and Threemile Creeks; 3) fish screens should be installed to prevent fish from entering diversion canals or pipes, including on Long, Deming, Threemile, Sun, Sevenmile, and Cherry Creeks; 4) manmade barriers and entrainment should be evaluated and remedied to promote migratory bull trout; priority watersheds include Threemile, Long, Deming, Sevenmile, Cherry, Sun, and Long Creeks. The Klamath River Recovery Unit team expects that the recovery process will be dynamic and will be refined as more information becomes available. Future adaptive management will play a major role in recovery implementation and refinement of recovery criteria. The recovery unit criteria listed above will be used to determine when the Klamath River Recovery Unit is fully contributing to recovery of the Klamath River population segment. vn ACTIONS NEEDED Recovery for bull trout will entail reducing threats to the long-term persistence of populations and their habitats, ensuring the security of multiple interacting groups of bull trout, and providing habitat and access to conditions that allow for the expression of various life history forms. The seven categories are listed in Chapter 1; tasks specific to this recovery unit are provided in this chapter. ESTIMATED COST OF RECOVERY Total cost of bull trout recovery in the Klamath River Recovery Unit is estimated at about $26 million spread over a 25-year recovery period. Successful recovery of bull trout in the recovery unit is contingent on removing threats from nonnative species, eliminating barriers to fish movement, and improving habitat conditions within the Klamath River basin. Total cost includes estimates of expenditures by local, Tribal, State, and Federal governments and by private business and individuals. Cost estimates are not provided for tasks which are normal agency responsibilities under existing authorities. The estimated costs are attributed to bull trout conservation, but other aquatic species will also benefit. ESTIMATED DATE OF RECOVERY Time required to achieve recovery depends on bull trout status, factors affecting bull trout, implementation and effectiveness of recovery tasks, and responses to recovery tasks. A tremendous amount of work will be required to restore impaired habitat, reconnect habitat, and eliminate threats from nonnative species. Three to five bull trout generations (15 to 25 years), or possibly longer, may be necessary before identified threats to the species can be significantly reduced and bull trout can be considered eligible for delisting. vin Close

• 84. [Image] A conservation strategy for the northern spotted owl

  	ill., maps; Shipping list no.: 90-263-P; "May 1990."; Includes bibliographical references
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A conservation strategy for the northern spotted owl Author: Thomas, Jack Ward Year: 1990, 2010 ill., maps; Shipping list no.: 90-263-P; "May 1990."; Includes bibliographical references Title: A conservation strategy for the northern spotted owl Author: Thomas, Jack Ward Year: 1990, 2010 ill., maps; Shipping list no.: 90-263-P; "May 1990."; Includes bibliographical references Close

• 85. [Image] Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan and environmental impact statement : final : Volume 1

  	Proposed resource management plan/final environmental impact statement for the Klamath Falls Resource Area
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan and environmental impact statement : final : Volume 1 Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 1994, 2005, 2004 Proposed resource management plan/final environmental impact statement for the Klamath Falls Resource Area Title: Klamath Falls Resource Area resource management plan and environmental impact statement : final : Volume 1 Author: United States. Bureau of Land Management. Klamath Falls Resource Area Office Year: 1994, 2005, 2004 Proposed resource management plan/final environmental impact statement for the Klamath Falls Resource Area Close

• 86. [Image] Environmental assessment draft visitor use and general development plans, parts III & IV of the general management plan, Crater Lake National Park

  	ill., maps; Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-185)
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Environmental assessment draft visitor use and general development plans, parts III & IV of the general management plan, Crater Lake National Park Author: United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center Year: 1977, 2010 ill., maps; Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-185) Title: Environmental assessment draft visitor use and general development plans, parts III & IV of the general management plan, Crater Lake National Park Author: United States. National Park Service. Denver Service Center Year: 1977, 2010 ill., maps; Includes bibliographical references (p. 183-185) Close

• 87. [Image] Region II Klamath Project annual history, 1944

  	Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, crop and livestock yields, water storage and distribution, hydrography report, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Region II Klamath Project annual history, 1944 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1944, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, crop and livestock yields, water storage and distribution, hydrography report, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1944 – 1945; Description is based on: Region II Klamath Project annual history 1944. Contains three parts and three table of contents.; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Title: Region II Klamath Project annual history, 1944 Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation Year: 1944, 2008, 2007 Ill., maps (some color), photographs; Includes fiscal year financials, photographs, crop and livestock yields, water storage and distribution, hydrography report, etc.; Title covers: calendar years for 1944 – 1945; Description is based on: Region II Klamath Project annual history 1944. Contains three parts and three table of contents.; Dates of the beginning year(s) of publication are derived from May 1, 1903 to December 31, 1912, History of the Klamath Project and from the volume information on later volumes (v. 35) Klamath District and Klamath Project Annual history for 1945, dated December 1, 1946 Close

• 88. [Image] Endangered Species Act : successes and challenges in agency collaboration and the use of scientific information in the decision making process : testimony before the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife and Water, Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate / statement of Robin M. Nazzaro

  	Summary In summary, we found that federal agencies have taken steps to improve collaboration as a way to reduce conflicts that often occur between species protections and other resource uses, but that ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Endangered Species Act : successes and challenges in agency collaboration and the use of scientific information in the decision making process : testimony before the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife and Water, Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate / statement of Robin M. Nazzaro Author: Nazzaro, Robin M Year: 2005, 2007 Summary In summary, we found that federal agencies have taken steps to improve collaboration as a way to reduce conflicts that often occur between species protections and other resource uses, but that more could be done to promote routine use of collaboration and clarify agencies' responsibilities under the Endangered Species Act. In September 2003, we reported on efforts taken by the Department of Defense (DOD) to coordinate with other federal land managers in order to reduce the impact of species protections on military activities. We found several cases where such efforts were successful. For example, at the Barry M. Goldwater range in Arizona, Air Force officials worked with officials at FWS and the National Park Service to enhance food sources for the endangered Sonoran pronghorn in locations away from military training areas. As a result, the Air Force was able to minimize the impact of restrictions on training missions due to the presence of the pronghorn. However, such cases were few and far between because, among other things, there were no procedures or centralized information sources for facilitating such collaboration. In March 2004, we reported on collaboration that takes place pursuant to section 7(a)(2) of the act?referred to as the consultation process?in the Pacific Northwest. In this area, large numbers of protected species and vast amounts of federal land conspire to make balancing species protection and resource use a contentious endeavor. We found that steps the Services and other federal agencies had taken made the consultation process run smoother and contributed to improved interagency relationships. However, some problems have persisted. For example, some agencies disagree with the Services about when consultation is necessary and how much analysis is required to determine potential impacts on protected species. In each of these reports, we made recommendations intended to further improve collaboration among federal agencies with regard to balancing species protections and other resource uses, and?in the March 2004 report?to resolve disagreements about the consultations process. DOD and FWS have begun discussing an implementation strategy to improve collaboration regarding species protection on military and other federal lands and development of a training program. With regard to the consultation process, while FWS and NMFS have continued to take steps to expand their collaboration processes, the agencies did not believe that disagreements about the consultation process require additional steps. They believe that current training and guidance is sufficient to address questions about the process. With regard to the use of science, we have found that FWS generally used the best available information in key Endangered Species Act decisions, although the agency was not always integrating new research into ongoing species management decisions. In addition, we identified concerns with the adequacy of the information available to make critical habitat decisions. In December 2002, we reported on many aspects of the decision making for species protections regarding the Mojave Desert tortoise. We found that the decision to list the tortoise as threatened, its critical habitat designation, and the recommended steps in the species' recovery plan, were based on the best available information. However, despite over $100 million in expenditures on recovery actions and research over the past 25 years, it is still unclear what the status of the tortoise is and what effect, if any, recovery actions are having on the species because research has not been coordinated in a way to provide essential management information. Such information is critically important as some of the protective actions, such as restrictions on grazing and off road vehicle use, are vigorously opposed by interest groups who question whether they are necessary for the tortoise's recovery. Accordingly, we recommended that FWS better link land management decisions with research results to ensure that conservation actions and land use restrictions actually benefit the tortoise. In response, FWS recently established a new office with a tortoise recovery coordinator and plans to create an advisory committee to ensure that monitoring and recovery actions are fed back into management decisions. In August 2003, we found that, similar to the decision making regarding the tortoise, FWS decisions about listing species for protection under the act were generally based on the best available information. However, while most critical habitat designations also appeared to be based on the best available information, there were concerns about the adequacy of the information available at the time these decisions are made. Specifically, critical habitat decisions require detailed information of a species' life history and habitat needs and the economic impacts of such decisions?information that is often not available and that FWS is unable to gather before it is obligated under the act to make the decision. As a result, we recommended that the Secretary of the Interior clarify how and when critical habitat should be designated and identify if any policy, regulatory, or legislative changes are required to enable the department to make better informed designations. FWS has not responded to our recommendation. Title: Endangered Species Act : successes and challenges in agency collaboration and the use of scientific information in the decision making process : testimony before the Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife and Water, Committee on Environment and Public Works, United States Senate / statement of Robin M. Nazzaro Author: Nazzaro, Robin M Year: 2005, 2007 Summary In summary, we found that federal agencies have taken steps to improve collaboration as a way to reduce conflicts that often occur between species protections and other resource uses, but that more could be done to promote routine use of collaboration and clarify agencies' responsibilities under the Endangered Species Act. In September 2003, we reported on efforts taken by the Department of Defense (DOD) to coordinate with other federal land managers in order to reduce the impact of species protections on military activities. We found several cases where such efforts were successful. For example, at the Barry M. Goldwater range in Arizona, Air Force officials worked with officials at FWS and the National Park Service to enhance food sources for the endangered Sonoran pronghorn in locations away from military training areas. As a result, the Air Force was able to minimize the impact of restrictions on training missions due to the presence of the pronghorn. However, such cases were few and far between because, among other things, there were no procedures or centralized information sources for facilitating such collaboration. In March 2004, we reported on collaboration that takes place pursuant to section 7(a)(2) of the act?referred to as the consultation process?in the Pacific Northwest. In this area, large numbers of protected species and vast amounts of federal land conspire to make balancing species protection and resource use a contentious endeavor. We found that steps the Services and other federal agencies had taken made the consultation process run smoother and contributed to improved interagency relationships. However, some problems have persisted. For example, some agencies disagree with the Services about when consultation is necessary and how much analysis is required to determine potential impacts on protected species. In each of these reports, we made recommendations intended to further improve collaboration among federal agencies with regard to balancing species protections and other resource uses, and?in the March 2004 report?to resolve disagreements about the consultations process. DOD and FWS have begun discussing an implementation strategy to improve collaboration regarding species protection on military and other federal lands and development of a training program. With regard to the consultation process, while FWS and NMFS have continued to take steps to expand their collaboration processes, the agencies did not believe that disagreements about the consultation process require additional steps. They believe that current training and guidance is sufficient to address questions about the process. With regard to the use of science, we have found that FWS generally used the best available information in key Endangered Species Act decisions, although the agency was not always integrating new research into ongoing species management decisions. In addition, we identified concerns with the adequacy of the information available to make critical habitat decisions. In December 2002, we reported on many aspects of the decision making for species protections regarding the Mojave Desert tortoise. We found that the decision to list the tortoise as threatened, its critical habitat designation, and the recommended steps in the species' recovery plan, were based on the best available information. However, despite over $100 million in expenditures on recovery actions and research over the past 25 years, it is still unclear what the status of the tortoise is and what effect, if any, recovery actions are having on the species because research has not been coordinated in a way to provide essential management information. Such information is critically important as some of the protective actions, such as restrictions on grazing and off road vehicle use, are vigorously opposed by interest groups who question whether they are necessary for the tortoise's recovery. Accordingly, we recommended that FWS better link land management decisions with research results to ensure that conservation actions and land use restrictions actually benefit the tortoise. In response, FWS recently established a new office with a tortoise recovery coordinator and plans to create an advisory committee to ensure that monitoring and recovery actions are fed back into management decisions. In August 2003, we found that, similar to the decision making regarding the tortoise, FWS decisions about listing species for protection under the act were generally based on the best available information. However, while most critical habitat designations also appeared to be based on the best available information, there were concerns about the adequacy of the information available at the time these decisions are made. Specifically, critical habitat decisions require detailed information of a species' life history and habitat needs and the economic impacts of such decisions?information that is often not available and that FWS is unable to gather before it is obligated under the act to make the decision. As a result, we recommended that the Secretary of the Interior clarify how and when critical habitat should be designated and identify if any policy, regulatory, or legislative changes are required to enable the department to make better informed designations. FWS has not responded to our recommendation. Close

• 89. [Image] Klamath River basin : reclamation met its water bank obligations, but information provided to water bank stakeholders could be improved

  	"March 2005." ; "GAO-05-283."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath River basin : reclamation met its water bank obligations, but information provided to water bank stakeholders could be improved Author: United States. Government Accountability Office Year: 2005 "March 2005." ; "GAO-05-283." Title: Klamath River basin : reclamation met its water bank obligations, but information provided to water bank stakeholders could be improved Author: United States. Government Accountability Office Year: 2005 "March 2005." ; "GAO-05-283." Close

• 90. [Image] The Oregon conservation strategy

  	v, 419 p.; col.ill.; col.maps; "February 2006"; Foreword by Marla Rae, Chair, Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Oregon conservation strategy Year: 2006 v, 419 p.; col.ill.; col.maps; "February 2006"; Foreword by Marla Rae, Chair, Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission Title: The Oregon conservation strategy Year: 2006 v, 419 p.; col.ill.; col.maps; "February 2006"; Foreword by Marla Rae, Chair, Oregon Fish and Wildlife Commission Close

• 91. [Image] An Act to Authorize the Bureau of Reclamation to Conduct Certain Feasibility Studies to Augment Water Supplies for the Klamath Project, Oregon and California, and for Other Purposes

  	"Nov. 9, 2000, (S. 2882)."; "114 Stat. 2221."; "Public Law 106-498."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Act to Authorize the Bureau of Reclamation to Conduct Certain Feasibility Studies to Augment Water Supplies for the Klamath Project, Oregon and California, and for Other Purposes Author: United States Year: 2000, 2005 "Nov. 9, 2000, (S. 2882)."; "114 Stat. 2221."; "Public Law 106-498." Title: An Act to Authorize the Bureau of Reclamation to Conduct Certain Feasibility Studies to Augment Water Supplies for the Klamath Project, Oregon and California, and for Other Purposes Author: United States Year: 2000, 2005 "Nov. 9, 2000, (S. 2882)."; "114 Stat. 2221."; "Public Law 106-498." Close

• 92. [Image] Suggestions to homesteaders and persons desiring to make homestead entries

  	Cover title; At head of title: Department of the Interior, General Land Office
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Suggestions to homesteaders and persons desiring to make homestead entries Author: United States. General Land Office Year: 1926, 2008, 2005 Cover title; At head of title: Department of the Interior, General Land Office Title: Suggestions to homesteaders and persons desiring to make homestead entries Author: United States. General Land Office Year: 1926, 2008, 2005 Cover title; At head of title: Department of the Interior, General Land Office Close

• 93. [Image] Lower Klamath River instream flow study : scoping evaluation for the Yurok Indian Reservation

  	ABSTRACT The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lower Columbia River Fishery Resource Office was funded by Bureau of Indian Affairs to conduct an instream flow assessment for the lower Klamath River within ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Lower Klamath River instream flow study : scoping evaluation for the Yurok Indian Reservation Author: Anglin, Donald R Year: 1994, 2007, 2006 ABSTRACT The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lower Columbia River Fishery Resource Office was funded by Bureau of Indian Affairs to conduct an instream flow assessment for the lower Klamath River within the Yurok Indian Reservation in northern California using the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM). Specific study tasks consisted of developing an explicit statement of purpose, definition of the study area and target species, assembly and evaluation of hydrologic, water quality, and physical data as well as biological and fish habitat information. A reconnaissance survey of the proposed study area was also conducted. The purpose for conducting the proposed flow study was the Yurok Tribe's desire to protect the Klamath basin water supply for the production of anadromous fish. The ultimate goal was to protect, restore, and enhance the anadromous fishery resources on the Reservation and in the basin as a whole. The study area was defined as the lower Klamath River and tributaries from the confluence with the Trinity River downstream to the area of tidal influence. Although the mainstem Klamath only was proposed for flow studies, the tributaries were included in the study area as a result of their hydrologic and biological relevance. Target species were identified as chinook salmon {Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (0. kisutch), steelhead trout (0. mykiss) , green sturgeon {Acipenser medirostris) , eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) , and Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) . Assembly and evaluation of relevant information was accomplished from results of a public scoping meeting and the review of a large volume of both published and file reports as well as numerous personal communications. Hydrology of the lower Klamath River is affected by U.S. Bureau of Reclamation projects in both the upper Klamath and upper Trinity subbasins. Several hydroelectric projects in the upper Klamath subbasin affect flow patterns, and agricultural activities in the upper Klamath subbasin and tributaries and the Central Valley Project in the upper Trinity subbasin have reduced water yield from the basin. Water quality concerns were identified as elevated water temperatures and nutrient levels resulting from land use activities throughout the basin. Hydrologic and water quality impacts are partially mitigated in the lower Klamath by tributary inflow throughout the basin. The physical environment in the basin has been altered by land use practices and several major flood events. Alterations include loss of riparian vegetation and stream channel stability, loss of soil moisture storage capacity and infiltration potential, debris slides and logjams resulting in migration barriers, reduced supply of large woody debris for recruitment into the stream channel, and sedimentation of spawning and rearing habitat. Fish habitat in most lower Klamath tributaries has been surveyed and deficiencies as well as good quality habitat have been described. Significant production potential exists in most tributaries, however much restoration work needs to be completed to realize the potential. Habitat characteristics for the mainstem Klamath have not been described. Life history and production data are presented for target species and a brief review of sources for suitability criteria is presented. Harvest management and escapement for naturally spawning fall chinook salmon were reviewed from 1978 through 1993. Escapement has varied over the years but a general downward trend in naturally spawning fall chinook can be observed, particularly in recent years. Escapement goals for the Klamath basin varied from 115,000 in 1978 to an "emergency" floor of 27,000 in 1992. Actual escapement of naturally spawning adult fall chinook varied from a high of 113,000 in 1986 to a low of 11,600 in 1991. Escapement in 1978 totalled 58,500 and preliminary estimates of escapement in 1993 were 21,000 naturally spawning adults. Factors affecting production and subsequent stock size and escapement included variable ocean survival, degraded freshwater habitat conditions, the recent six-year drought, releases of large numbers of hatchery juveniles, and harvest management methodologies that have failed to adequately match harvest to predicted stock size. Differential harvest rates for Klamath and Trinity subbasin fall chinook have also complicated attempts to structure the harvest. Field reconnaisance surveys were conducted in spring and summer 1993 for the proposed mainstem Klamath study area. Two distinct river segments were identified based on macrohabitat characteristics. Microhabitat was classified within each river segment and mapped on USGS quadrangle maps. Cross section identification was postponed pending the decision to move forward with the flow study. Following the scoping tasks described above, conclusions and recommendations were developed. No information was reviewed that indicated the need for an instream flow study in the lower Klamath River. The two basic problems affecting anadromous fish production are degraded freshwater habitat and chronic underescapement. Coordination and planning for instream flow studies on a basin-wide scale was recommended. Biological data gaps were identified which need to be addressed before an instream flow study can be completed for the lower Klamath. Suitability criteria for habitat analysis also need to be identified. Habitat restoration and protection and proper management of anadromous fishery resources were identified as the highest priorities to begin restoration of anadromous stocks. Specific recommendations for habitat restoration included watershed and riparian zone restoration, barrier removal, instream habitat inventory, restoration, and monitoring, estuary studies, and description of streamflow characteristics for lower Klamath tributaries. Recommended fishery resource studies included collection of basic life history data, monitoring for adult escapement and juvenile production, description of estuary usage, effects of hatchery programs on both adult and juvenile wild fish, evaluation of the accelerated stocking program, and refinement of harvest management methodologies to achieve appropriate escapement of naturally spawning stocks into all subbasins. Title: Lower Klamath River instream flow study : scoping evaluation for the Yurok Indian Reservation Author: Anglin, Donald R Year: 1994, 2007, 2006 ABSTRACT The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lower Columbia River Fishery Resource Office was funded by Bureau of Indian Affairs to conduct an instream flow assessment for the lower Klamath River within the Yurok Indian Reservation in northern California using the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM). Specific study tasks consisted of developing an explicit statement of purpose, definition of the study area and target species, assembly and evaluation of hydrologic, water quality, and physical data as well as biological and fish habitat information. A reconnaissance survey of the proposed study area was also conducted. The purpose for conducting the proposed flow study was the Yurok Tribe's desire to protect the Klamath basin water supply for the production of anadromous fish. The ultimate goal was to protect, restore, and enhance the anadromous fishery resources on the Reservation and in the basin as a whole. The study area was defined as the lower Klamath River and tributaries from the confluence with the Trinity River downstream to the area of tidal influence. Although the mainstem Klamath only was proposed for flow studies, the tributaries were included in the study area as a result of their hydrologic and biological relevance. Target species were identified as chinook salmon {Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (0. kisutch), steelhead trout (0. mykiss) , green sturgeon {Acipenser medirostris) , eulachon (Thaleichthys pacificus) , and Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) . Assembly and evaluation of relevant information was accomplished from results of a public scoping meeting and the review of a large volume of both published and file reports as well as numerous personal communications. Hydrology of the lower Klamath River is affected by U.S. Bureau of Reclamation projects in both the upper Klamath and upper Trinity subbasins. Several hydroelectric projects in the upper Klamath subbasin affect flow patterns, and agricultural activities in the upper Klamath subbasin and tributaries and the Central Valley Project in the upper Trinity subbasin have reduced water yield from the basin. Water quality concerns were identified as elevated water temperatures and nutrient levels resulting from land use activities throughout the basin. Hydrologic and water quality impacts are partially mitigated in the lower Klamath by tributary inflow throughout the basin. The physical environment in the basin has been altered by land use practices and several major flood events. Alterations include loss of riparian vegetation and stream channel stability, loss of soil moisture storage capacity and infiltration potential, debris slides and logjams resulting in migration barriers, reduced supply of large woody debris for recruitment into the stream channel, and sedimentation of spawning and rearing habitat. Fish habitat in most lower Klamath tributaries has been surveyed and deficiencies as well as good quality habitat have been described. Significant production potential exists in most tributaries, however much restoration work needs to be completed to realize the potential. Habitat characteristics for the mainstem Klamath have not been described. Life history and production data are presented for target species and a brief review of sources for suitability criteria is presented. Harvest management and escapement for naturally spawning fall chinook salmon were reviewed from 1978 through 1993. Escapement has varied over the years but a general downward trend in naturally spawning fall chinook can be observed, particularly in recent years. Escapement goals for the Klamath basin varied from 115,000 in 1978 to an "emergency" floor of 27,000 in 1992. Actual escapement of naturally spawning adult fall chinook varied from a high of 113,000 in 1986 to a low of 11,600 in 1991. Escapement in 1978 totalled 58,500 and preliminary estimates of escapement in 1993 were 21,000 naturally spawning adults. Factors affecting production and subsequent stock size and escapement included variable ocean survival, degraded freshwater habitat conditions, the recent six-year drought, releases of large numbers of hatchery juveniles, and harvest management methodologies that have failed to adequately match harvest to predicted stock size. Differential harvest rates for Klamath and Trinity subbasin fall chinook have also complicated attempts to structure the harvest. Field reconnaisance surveys were conducted in spring and summer 1993 for the proposed mainstem Klamath study area. Two distinct river segments were identified based on macrohabitat characteristics. Microhabitat was classified within each river segment and mapped on USGS quadrangle maps. Cross section identification was postponed pending the decision to move forward with the flow study. Following the scoping tasks described above, conclusions and recommendations were developed. No information was reviewed that indicated the need for an instream flow study in the lower Klamath River. The two basic problems affecting anadromous fish production are degraded freshwater habitat and chronic underescapement. Coordination and planning for instream flow studies on a basin-wide scale was recommended. Biological data gaps were identified which need to be addressed before an instream flow study can be completed for the lower Klamath. Suitability criteria for habitat analysis also need to be identified. Habitat restoration and protection and proper management of anadromous fishery resources were identified as the highest priorities to begin restoration of anadromous stocks. Specific recommendations for habitat restoration included watershed and riparian zone restoration, barrier removal, instream habitat inventory, restoration, and monitoring, estuary studies, and description of streamflow characteristics for lower Klamath tributaries. Recommended fishery resource studies included collection of basic life history data, monitoring for adult escapement and juvenile production, description of estuary usage, effects of hatchery programs on both adult and juvenile wild fish, evaluation of the accelerated stocking program, and refinement of harvest management methodologies to achieve appropriate escapement of naturally spawning stocks into all subbasins. Close

• 94. [Image] Klamath Project : historic operation

  	"November 2000."
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Klamath Project : historic operation Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation. Klamath Basin Area Office Year: 2000, 2005 "November 2000." Title: Klamath Project : historic operation Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation. Klamath Basin Area Office Year: 2000, 2005 "November 2000." Close

• 95. [Image] Telephoto view of Tule Lake lease land before cultivation

  	KP-1112-R2; Tules have been burnt off. Looking southeast from north dike N-Canal, center of Section 11; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Telephoto view of Tule Lake lease land before cultivation Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1112-R2; Tules have been burnt off. Looking southeast from north dike N-Canal, center of Section 11; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Title: Telephoto view of Tule Lake lease land before cultivation Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1112-R2; Tules have been burnt off. Looking southeast from north dike N-Canal, center of Section 11; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Close

• 96. [Image] Tule Lake bottom lands being reclaimed

  	KP-1115-R2 - Klamath Project; The water is being drained off and the mud flats come into view. Section 35, T.47 N., R.4 E; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tule Lake bottom lands being reclaimed Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1115-R2 - Klamath Project; The water is being drained off and the mud flats come into view. Section 35, T.47 N., R.4 E; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Title: Tule Lake bottom lands being reclaimed Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1115-R2 - Klamath Project; The water is being drained off and the mud flats come into view. Section 35, T.47 N., R.4 E; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Close

• 97. [Image] History of geothermal exploration at Crater Lake National Park

  	Timeline covers July 1983 - April 17, 1987;
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: History of geothermal exploration at Crater Lake National Park Author: Crater Lake National Park (Agency: U.S.) Year: 1987, 2009 Timeline covers July 1983 - April 17, 1987; Title: History of geothermal exploration at Crater Lake National Park Author: Crater Lake National Park (Agency: U.S.) Year: 1987, 2009 Timeline covers July 1983 - April 17, 1987; Close

• 98. [Image] Tule Lake land in the rough

  	KP-1110-R2 - Klamath Project; Tulana Farms, the lessee of this land, has constructed a dike holding back Tule Lake waters and have burnt off the tules in preparation for cultivation. Looking south from ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tule Lake land in the rough Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1110-R2 - Klamath Project; Tulana Farms, the lessee of this land, has constructed a dike holding back Tule Lake waters and have burnt off the tules in preparation for cultivation. Looking south from north dike of N-Canal; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Title: Tule Lake land in the rough Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Hopkins, R.S. Year: 1945, 2006, 2005 KP-1110-R2 - Klamath Project; Tulana Farms, the lessee of this land, has constructed a dike holding back Tule Lake waters and have burnt off the tules in preparation for cultivation. Looking south from north dike of N-Canal; April 17, 1945; Photo by R. S. Hopkins Close

• 99. [Image] A caterpillar is leveling land on the Kelley Ranch near Malin, Oregon

  	KP-1196-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. Because of the great demand for food and consequent high prices that can be secured from the sale of produce, it is now possible to bring large areas of land into ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A caterpillar is leveling land on the Kelley Ranch near Malin, Oregon Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1946, 2006, 2005 KP-1196-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. Because of the great demand for food and consequent high prices that can be secured from the sale of produce, it is now possible to bring large areas of land into production by leveling this land for irrigated farming. In this case the D-8 caterpillar is pulling a 18-yard carryall that is leveling the sand dunes 10 feet high. This photograph was made on the Kelley Ranch near Malin, Oregon in the Klamath Project; June 25, 1946; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Title: A caterpillar is leveling land on the Kelley Ranch near Malin, Oregon Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Fluharty, J.E. Year: 1946, 2006, 2005 KP-1196-R2 - Klamath Project. Region II. Because of the great demand for food and consequent high prices that can be secured from the sale of produce, it is now possible to bring large areas of land into production by leveling this land for irrigated farming. In this case the D-8 caterpillar is pulling a 18-yard carryall that is leveling the sand dunes 10 feet high. This photograph was made on the Kelley Ranch near Malin, Oregon in the Klamath Project; June 25, 1946; Photo by J. E. Fluharty Close

• 100. [Image] Tule Lake Sump 2 - Flooded lease lands

  	P12-200-2804A Tule Lake Sump 2 - Klamath Project--Oregon-California. View northeast from point 1/2 mile south of Q-Canal headworks showing flooded lease lands. Water on lands at El. 4029.17; March 5, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tule Lake Sump 2 - Flooded lease lands Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Stein, D.W. Year: 1965, 2008, 2006 P12-200-2804A Tule Lake Sump 2 - Klamath Project--Oregon-California. View northeast from point 1/2 mile south of Q-Canal headworks showing flooded lease lands. Water on lands at El. 4029.17; March 5, 1965; Bureau of Reclamation photo by D. W. Stein Title: Tule Lake Sump 2 - Flooded lease lands Author: United States. Bureau of Reclamation, Stein, D.W. Year: 1965, 2008, 2006 P12-200-2804A Tule Lake Sump 2 - Klamath Project--Oregon-California. View northeast from point 1/2 mile south of Q-Canal headworks showing flooded lease lands. Water on lands at El. 4029.17; March 5, 1965; Bureau of Reclamation photo by D. W. Stein Close