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• 71. [Image] Diesel Heat Pump for District Heating Plants and for the Heating of Large Housing Blocks

  	The aim of this project is to investigate technical, economic, and environmental aspects of large diesel driven heat pump plants for district heating and for central heating of large buildings
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Diesel Heat Pump for District Heating Plants and for the Heating of Large Housing Blocks Author: Petersen, B. Year: 1980 The aim of this project is to investigate technical, economic, and environmental aspects of large diesel driven heat pump plants for district heating and for central heating of large buildings Title: Diesel Heat Pump for District Heating Plants and for the Heating of Large Housing Blocks Author: Petersen, B. Year: 1980 The aim of this project is to investigate technical, economic, and environmental aspects of large diesel driven heat pump plants for district heating and for central heating of large buildings Close

• 72. [Image] Low-Temperature Geothermal Potential of the Ojo Caliente Warm Springs Area, Northern New Mexico

  	A detailed geochemical investigation of 17 waters (thermal and cold, mineralized and dilute) was performed in the Ojo Caliente-La Madera area. Two types of thermomineral waters have separate and distinctive ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Potential of the Ojo Caliente Warm Springs Area, Northern New Mexico Author: Vuataz, F.D. Year: 1984 A detailed geochemical investigation of 17 waters (thermal and cold, mineralized and dilute) was performed in the Ojo Caliente-La Madera area. Two types of thermomineral waters have separate and distinctive geologic, geochemical, and geothermal characteristics. The water from Ojo Caliente Resort emerges with temperatures less than or equal to 54/sup 0/C from a Precambrian metarhyolite. Its chemistry, typically Na-HCO/sub 3/, has a total mineralization of 3600 mg/l. Isotopic studies have shown that the thermal water emerges from the springs and a hot well without significant mixing with the cold shallow aquifer of the valley alluvium. However, the cold aquifer adjacent to the resort does contain varying amounts of thermal water that originates from the warm spring system. Geothermometry calculations indicate that the thermal water may be as hot as 85/sup 0/C at depth before its ascent toward surface. Thermodynamic computations on the reaction states of numerous mineral phases suggest that the thermal water will not cause major scaling problems if the hot water is utilized for direct-use geothermal applications. By means of a network of very shallow holes, temperature and electrical conductivity anomalies have been found elsewhere in the valley around Ojo Caliente, and resistivity soundings have confirmed the presence of a plume of thermal water entering the shallow aquifer. The group of lukewarm springs around La Madera, with temperatures less than or equal to 29/sup 0/C, chemical type of NaCaMg-HCO/sub 3/Cl and with a total mineralization less than or equal to 1500 mg/l behaves as a different system without any Apparent relation to the Ojo Caliente system. Its temperature at depth is not believed to exceed 35 to 40/sup 0/C Title: Low-Temperature Geothermal Potential of the Ojo Caliente Warm Springs Area, Northern New Mexico Author: Vuataz, F.D. Year: 1984 A detailed geochemical investigation of 17 waters (thermal and cold, mineralized and dilute) was performed in the Ojo Caliente-La Madera area. Two types of thermomineral waters have separate and distinctive geologic, geochemical, and geothermal characteristics. The water from Ojo Caliente Resort emerges with temperatures less than or equal to 54/sup 0/C from a Precambrian metarhyolite. Its chemistry, typically Na-HCO/sub 3/, has a total mineralization of 3600 mg/l. Isotopic studies have shown that the thermal water emerges from the springs and a hot well without significant mixing with the cold shallow aquifer of the valley alluvium. However, the cold aquifer adjacent to the resort does contain varying amounts of thermal water that originates from the warm spring system. Geothermometry calculations indicate that the thermal water may be as hot as 85/sup 0/C at depth before its ascent toward surface. Thermodynamic computations on the reaction states of numerous mineral phases suggest that the thermal water will not cause major scaling problems if the hot water is utilized for direct-use geothermal applications. By means of a network of very shallow holes, temperature and electrical conductivity anomalies have been found elsewhere in the valley around Ojo Caliente, and resistivity soundings have confirmed the presence of a plume of thermal water entering the shallow aquifer. The group of lukewarm springs around La Madera, with temperatures less than or equal to 29/sup 0/C, chemical type of NaCaMg-HCO/sub 3/Cl and with a total mineralization less than or equal to 1500 mg/l behaves as a different system without any Apparent relation to the Ojo Caliente system. Its temperature at depth is not believed to exceed 35 to 40/sup 0/C Close

• 73. [Image] Low Temperature Geothermal Assessment of the Jordan Valley: Salt Lake County, Utah

  	The Utah Geological and Mineral Survey (UGMS) has been conducting research to identify low-temperature geothermal resources in Utah as per U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Contract OE-AS07-77ET28393. This ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Low Temperature Geothermal Assessment of the Jordan Valley: Salt Lake County, Utah Author: Klauk, R.H. Year: 1984 The Utah Geological and Mineral Survey (UGMS) has been conducting research to identify low-temperature geothermal resources in Utah as per U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Contract OE-AS07-77ET28393. This report, which is part of an area-wide geothermal research program along the Wasatch Front, is the culmination of the study conducted in the Jordan Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah Title: Low Temperature Geothermal Assessment of the Jordan Valley: Salt Lake County, Utah Author: Klauk, R.H. Year: 1984 The Utah Geological and Mineral Survey (UGMS) has been conducting research to identify low-temperature geothermal resources in Utah as per U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Contract OE-AS07-77ET28393. This report, which is part of an area-wide geothermal research program along the Wasatch Front, is the culmination of the study conducted in the Jordan Valley, Salt Lake County, Utah Close

• 74. [Image] Drilling fluid/formation interaction at simulated in situ geothermal conditions. Final report

  	Interaction of drilling fluids with a geothermal reservoir formation can result in significant permeability impairment and therefore reduced well productivity. This interaction is studied under simulated ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Drilling fluid/formation interaction at simulated in situ geothermal conditions. Final report Author: Enniss, D.O Year: 1980 Interaction of drilling fluids with a geothermal reservoir formation can result in significant permeability impairment and therefore reduced well productivity. This interaction is studied under simulated in situ geothermal conditions of overburden stress, pore fluid pressure, temperature, and pore fluid chemistry. Permeability impairment of an East Mesa KGRA reservoir material is evaluated as a function of stagnation time, drilling fluid, and temperature. Results indicate that all of these parameters contribute significantly to the magnitude and the reversibility of the impairment. Title: Drilling fluid/formation interaction at simulated in situ geothermal conditions. Final report Author: Enniss, D.O Year: 1980 Interaction of drilling fluids with a geothermal reservoir formation can result in significant permeability impairment and therefore reduced well productivity. This interaction is studied under simulated in situ geothermal conditions of overburden stress, pore fluid pressure, temperature, and pore fluid chemistry. Permeability impairment of an East Mesa KGRA reservoir material is evaluated as a function of stagnation time, drilling fluid, and temperature. Results indicate that all of these parameters contribute significantly to the magnitude and the reversibility of the impairment. Close

• 75. [Image] Annual Report on the Project to Design and Experimentally Test an Improved Geothermal Drill Bit

  	Progress is reported in a research and development program to design, build, and test an improved geothermal drill bit. The major tasks of the Phase I effort are entitled: failure mechanisms of existing ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Annual Report on the Project to Design and Experimentally Test an Improved Geothermal Drill Bit Author: Barker, L.M. Year: 1976 Progress is reported in a research and development program to design, build, and test an improved geothermal drill bit. The major tasks of the Phase I effort are entitled: failure mechanisms of existing bits; new steels and new bearing design; and new seals and lubricants. It appears that a significant gain in drill-bit life can be attained by the use of higher-temperature steels which retain more hardness at temperatures above 260/sup 0/C (500/sup 0/F). Such steels are available, and two research bits of high-temperature steels were made and will shortly be tested in a laboratory-simulated full-scale geothermal drilling environment. Two control bits of the same design, but made with conventional drill bit steels, were also obtained for identical laboratory test runs, so that the performance of the research bits can be meaningfully assessed. Base-line properties of the steels, such as hardness and fracture toughness as functions of temperature, are being measured to further assess the value of the high-temperature steels selected for the research bits. A geothermal test vessel was designed and fabricated in which the full-scale drill bits will be tested. The vessel is capable of temperature to 427/sup 0/C (800/sup 0/F) and pressures to 35 MPa (5,000 psi). Seal and lubrication designs were studied, and the state of the art in high-temperature seals and lubricants was assessed. Some candidate seals and lubricants have been obtained for testing, and others are being procured. In addition, a seal test vessel has been designed and will soon be completed which can simulate the geothermal drilling environment in full-scale testing of seal and lubricant designs and materials. (JGB) Title: Annual Report on the Project to Design and Experimentally Test an Improved Geothermal Drill Bit Author: Barker, L.M. Year: 1976 Progress is reported in a research and development program to design, build, and test an improved geothermal drill bit. The major tasks of the Phase I effort are entitled: failure mechanisms of existing bits; new steels and new bearing design; and new seals and lubricants. It appears that a significant gain in drill-bit life can be attained by the use of higher-temperature steels which retain more hardness at temperatures above 260/sup 0/C (500/sup 0/F). Such steels are available, and two research bits of high-temperature steels were made and will shortly be tested in a laboratory-simulated full-scale geothermal drilling environment. Two control bits of the same design, but made with conventional drill bit steels, were also obtained for identical laboratory test runs, so that the performance of the research bits can be meaningfully assessed. Base-line properties of the steels, such as hardness and fracture toughness as functions of temperature, are being measured to further assess the value of the high-temperature steels selected for the research bits. A geothermal test vessel was designed and fabricated in which the full-scale drill bits will be tested. The vessel is capable of temperature to 427/sup 0/C (800/sup 0/F) and pressures to 35 MPa (5,000 psi). Seal and lubrication designs were studied, and the state of the art in high-temperature seals and lubricants was assessed. Some candidate seals and lubricants have been obtained for testing, and others are being procured. In addition, a seal test vessel has been designed and will soon be completed which can simulate the geothermal drilling environment in full-scale testing of seal and lubricant designs and materials. (JGB) Close

• 76. [Image] Geothermal District Heating Projects

  	The geothermal energy stored within the interior of the earth amounts to a significant quantity which, if fully exploited, could supply the energy needs of man for a millennia. Low temperature hydrothermal ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal District Heating Projects Author: Lineau, P. J. The geothermal energy stored within the interior of the earth amounts to a significant quantity which, if fully exploited, could supply the energy needs of man for a millennia. Low temperature hydrothermal resources underlie vast areas of the United States as illustrated on Figure 1, particularly in the western half of the country. The U.S. Geological Survey has identified 1,346 hydrothermal convection systems of which 1,294 have temperatures less than 300°F and are considered suitable for direct heat applications (Reed, '1983). Resource temperatures greater than 300°F are considered economic for electrical generation. Quantitative estimates of identified low and intermediate temperature (less than 300°F) geothermal systems contain 68.3 million billion Btu's of beneficial heat for 30 years Title: Geothermal District Heating Projects Author: Lineau, P. J. The geothermal energy stored within the interior of the earth amounts to a significant quantity which, if fully exploited, could supply the energy needs of man for a millennia. Low temperature hydrothermal resources underlie vast areas of the United States as illustrated on Figure 1, particularly in the western half of the country. The U.S. Geological Survey has identified 1,346 hydrothermal convection systems of which 1,294 have temperatures less than 300°F and are considered suitable for direct heat applications (Reed, '1983). Resource temperatures greater than 300°F are considered economic for electrical generation. Quantitative estimates of identified low and intermediate temperature (less than 300°F) geothermal systems contain 68.3 million billion Btu's of beneficial heat for 30 years Close

• 77. [Image] Idaho Geothermal Commercialization Planning, Semi-Annual Progress Report, January 1, 1979 - June 30, 1979

  	This report is a summary of the task accomplished during the first six months of the cooperative agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Idaho Office of Energy. The report concentrates ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Idaho Geothermal Commercialization Planning, Semi-Annual Progress Report, January 1, 1979 - June 30, 1979 Author: McClain, D.W. Year: 1979 This report is a summary of the task accomplished during the first six months of the cooperative agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Idaho Office of Energy. The report concentrates on geothermal resource data, regional and local development plans, energy, and economic factors and institutional factors Title: Idaho Geothermal Commercialization Planning, Semi-Annual Progress Report, January 1, 1979 - June 30, 1979 Author: McClain, D.W. Year: 1979 This report is a summary of the task accomplished during the first six months of the cooperative agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Idaho Office of Energy. The report concentrates on geothermal resource data, regional and local development plans, energy, and economic factors and institutional factors Close

• 78. [Image] Geotechnical Studies of Geothermal Reservoirs

  	Maximum temperatures found in the reservoir were approximately 700°F in the Imperial Valley, California, but drill bit temperatures may be considerably higher in the Geysers geothermal area. Temperatures ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geotechnical Studies of Geothermal Reservoirs Author: Pratt, H. R. Year: 1976 Maximum temperatures found in the reservoir were approximately 700°F in the Imperial Valley, California, but drill bit temperatures may be considerably higher in the Geysers geothermal area. Temperatures reached up to 900°F because of frictional heating and possibly inefficient cooling. Rock types found in the high temperature environments range from hard abrasive granites and metamorphosed sandstones to unconsolidated sediments and friable sandstones. The rocks are highly fractured at reservoir depths Title: Geotechnical Studies of Geothermal Reservoirs Author: Pratt, H. R. Year: 1976 Maximum temperatures found in the reservoir were approximately 700°F in the Imperial Valley, California, but drill bit temperatures may be considerably higher in the Geysers geothermal area. Temperatures reached up to 900°F because of frictional heating and possibly inefficient cooling. Rock types found in the high temperature environments range from hard abrasive granites and metamorphosed sandstones to unconsolidated sediments and friable sandstones. The rocks are highly fractured at reservoir depths Close

• 79. [Image] September 2002 Klamath River fish-kill : final analysis of contributing factors and impacts

  	"July 2004"
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: September 2002 Klamath River fish-kill : final analysis of contributing factors and impacts Author: California. Dept. of Fish and Game Year: 2004, 2005 "July 2004" Title: September 2002 Klamath River fish-kill : final analysis of contributing factors and impacts Author: California. Dept. of Fish and Game Year: 2004, 2005 "July 2004" Close

• 80. [Image] Ground-Source Heat Pump System near Helena, Montana: Loop Temperature Analysis

  	This document looks closely into many aspects of a specific Heat Pump in Montana that is being used to heat a house
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Ground-Source Heat Pump System near Helena, Montana: Loop Temperature Analysis Author: Van Voast, W. Year: 1996 This document looks closely into many aspects of a specific Heat Pump in Montana that is being used to heat a house Title: Ground-Source Heat Pump System near Helena, Montana: Loop Temperature Analysis Author: Van Voast, W. Year: 1996 This document looks closely into many aspects of a specific Heat Pump in Montana that is being used to heat a house Close