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• 11. [Image] George C. Ruhle to O.L. Wallis in reference to fish planting and populations

  	Date of letter: February 19, 1951
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: George C. Ruhle to O.L. Wallis in reference to fish planting and populations Author: Ruhle, George Cornelius, 1900- Year: 1951, 2010 Date of letter: February 19, 1951 Title: George C. Ruhle to O.L. Wallis in reference to fish planting and populations Author: Ruhle, George Cornelius, 1900- Year: 1951, 2010 Date of letter: February 19, 1951 Close

• 12. [Image] Fish planted in Crater Lake

  	Stocking dates include 1888, 1910, 1914, 1922-1939
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish planted in Crater Lake Author: United States. National Park Service Year: 1939, 2010 Stocking dates include 1888, 1910, 1914, 1922-1939 Title: Fish planted in Crater Lake Author: United States. National Park Service Year: 1939, 2010 Stocking dates include 1888, 1910, 1914, 1922-1939 Close

• 13. [Image] Memorandum to park naturalist Ruhle : summary of project work for 1941

  	Date of memorandum: September 3, 1941; "Donald S. Farner, Ranger-Naturalist."; Includes the following sections: Memorandum on Fishing, 1941; Creel Census; Recommendations for Fish and Limnological studies ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Memorandum to park naturalist Ruhle : summary of project work for 1941 Author: Farner, Donald S. Year: 1941, 2008, 2009 Date of memorandum: September 3, 1941; "Donald S. Farner, Ranger-Naturalist."; Includes the following sections: Memorandum on Fishing, 1941; Creel Census; Recommendations for Fish and Limnological studies in Crater Lake; and Net for Collecting Fish for Scientific Investigations. Title: Memorandum to park naturalist Ruhle : summary of project work for 1941 Author: Farner, Donald S. Year: 1941, 2008, 2009 Date of memorandum: September 3, 1941; "Donald S. Farner, Ranger-Naturalist."; Includes the following sections: Memorandum on Fishing, 1941; Creel Census; Recommendations for Fish and Limnological studies in Crater Lake; and Net for Collecting Fish for Scientific Investigations. Close

• 14. [Image] Evaluation of instream fish habitat restoration structures in Klamath River tributaries, 1988/1989

  	Annual Report For Interagency Agreement 14-16-0001-89508 EVALUATION OF INSTREAM FISH HABITAT RESTORATION STRUCTURES IN KLAMATH RIVER TRIBUTARIES 1988/1989 by A.D.Olson and J.R. West USDA-Forest Service, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of instream fish habitat restoration structures in Klamath River tributaries, 1988/1989 Author: Olson, A. D. Year: 1989, 2008, 2006 Annual Report For Interagency Agreement 14-16-0001-89508 EVALUATION OF INSTREAM FISH HABITAT RESTORATION STRUCTURES IN KLAMATH RIVER TRIBUTARIES 1988/1989 by A.D.Olson and J.R. West USDA-Forest Service, Klamath National Forest 1312 Fairlane Road, Yreka, CA 96097 ABSTRACT Ten instream fish habitat techniques were evaluated to determine which most effectively restored salmonid spawning and/or rearing conditions. Structure stability was estimated based on how intact each structure remained (by percent) and its age, we then projected useful life for each structure type. Cost in 1989 dollars was used to determine cost per unit habitat area provided. Observed use by spawners was used to estimate total number of redds per structure (over its life). Cost of providing spawning habitat (cost per redd) was calculated by dividing estimated total redds by structure cost. Habitats resulting from instream structures were classified using the modified Bisson method and we determined the influence zone of each structure using physical variables to define habitat area. Structures were biologically sampled using direct underwater observation techniques described by Hankin and Reeves1 (1989). Two person dive teams used a "two-pass" method to enumerate and classify salmonids by species and age-class (0+, 1+ or older juveniles, and adults), noting the presence of other species. Fish use of structure affected habitat (post-modification) was compared to use of habitats like those present prior to structure placement (pre-modification). Comparison of "pre-modification" and "post-modification" fish standing crops resulted in a "net fish difference" which was divided by structure cost, yielding "cost per fish reared11. Boulder weirs, the most expensive structures investigated, did not affect enough surface area to make cost per unit of affected habitat reasonable. Cabled cover logs and digger logs (lowest cost structures) were very cost effective at altering physical habitat condition. We believe cost of physically modifying habitat area is only one factor that is important enough to effect success or failure of a large scale habitat restoration program. Assuming all other factors are of equal weight, lowest cost structures can provide the "best value". Modification prescribed to restore stable spawning habitat needs close scrutiny. We believe it is essential to know how the existing habitat is used by spawners by conducting spawning area use surveys which identify redd location and quantify habitat available during each spawning period. Boulder deflectors were best utilized by Chinook salmon spawners, however chinook spawner use of "traditional" structures (weirs backfilled with gravel) was disappointing. Backfilling of instream structures with suitable gravel is a practice that should be discontinued. Steelhead spawner use of structures which result in "pocket water" type spawning areas were heavily used. This habitat configuration proved most desirable when woody object cover was readily available to the spawners. The highest steelhead spawner use was associated with boulder groups with wood and boulder/rootwad groups. We found rearing structures which provided high habitat and cover diversity received the best response from juvenile fish. We observed fish use over one summer and saw dramatic unpredictable use changes even through this short time period. Fish rearing needs during other seasons may differ substantially from summer needs, therefore, suitability of modified habitat probably also changes. Digger logs, one of the least costly and simplest structures, provided the best increase in fish standing crop (fish/m2) for the lowest cost. We believe digger logs were well used by rearing fish because they are one of the most natural restoration structures investigated. Other structures which were well used (small weirs, deflectors, and boulder groups with attached wood) also seem to closely duplicate naturally productive habitats. Higher velocity habitat types associated with boulder groups with wood, boulder rootwad groups, and boulder deflectors were selected by juvenile steelhead and chinook salmon. Providing overhead cover, especially if it extends into the water where it may also be used as object cover, seemed most valuable for juvenile steelhead and salmon if it was placed in a habitat type which would normally receive high fish use. Placement of object cover in slow velocity areas (pool and glide edges) had questionable value for summer rearing habitat restoration, however we do not know what value these structures may have during colder water high flow periods when fish seek slow velocity, densely-covered habitats. We defined the most cost effective method as one meeting restoration objectives, providing the greatest increase in fish use (per surface area or volume), over the longest time period, for the lowest cost. We rank structures evaluated in this study (from most cost-effective to least cost effective) as follows: Digger Logs, Boulder deflectors, Small Boulder Weirs, Boulder Groups with Woody Cover, Free Boulder Weirs, Large Boulder Weirs, Boulder Groups, Boulder/Rootwad Groups, Boulder/Rootwad Deflectors, Small Boulder Weirs, and Cabled Cover Logs. Title: Evaluation of instream fish habitat restoration structures in Klamath River tributaries, 1988/1989 Author: Olson, A. D. Year: 1989, 2008, 2006 Annual Report For Interagency Agreement 14-16-0001-89508 EVALUATION OF INSTREAM FISH HABITAT RESTORATION STRUCTURES IN KLAMATH RIVER TRIBUTARIES 1988/1989 by A.D.Olson and J.R. West USDA-Forest Service, Klamath National Forest 1312 Fairlane Road, Yreka, CA 96097 ABSTRACT Ten instream fish habitat techniques were evaluated to determine which most effectively restored salmonid spawning and/or rearing conditions. Structure stability was estimated based on how intact each structure remained (by percent) and its age, we then projected useful life for each structure type. Cost in 1989 dollars was used to determine cost per unit habitat area provided. Observed use by spawners was used to estimate total number of redds per structure (over its life). Cost of providing spawning habitat (cost per redd) was calculated by dividing estimated total redds by structure cost. Habitats resulting from instream structures were classified using the modified Bisson method and we determined the influence zone of each structure using physical variables to define habitat area. Structures were biologically sampled using direct underwater observation techniques described by Hankin and Reeves1 (1989). Two person dive teams used a "two-pass" method to enumerate and classify salmonids by species and age-class (0+, 1+ or older juveniles, and adults), noting the presence of other species. Fish use of structure affected habitat (post-modification) was compared to use of habitats like those present prior to structure placement (pre-modification). Comparison of "pre-modification" and "post-modification" fish standing crops resulted in a "net fish difference" which was divided by structure cost, yielding "cost per fish reared11. Boulder weirs, the most expensive structures investigated, did not affect enough surface area to make cost per unit of affected habitat reasonable. Cabled cover logs and digger logs (lowest cost structures) were very cost effective at altering physical habitat condition. We believe cost of physically modifying habitat area is only one factor that is important enough to effect success or failure of a large scale habitat restoration program. Assuming all other factors are of equal weight, lowest cost structures can provide the "best value". Modification prescribed to restore stable spawning habitat needs close scrutiny. We believe it is essential to know how the existing habitat is used by spawners by conducting spawning area use surveys which identify redd location and quantify habitat available during each spawning period. Boulder deflectors were best utilized by Chinook salmon spawners, however chinook spawner use of "traditional" structures (weirs backfilled with gravel) was disappointing. Backfilling of instream structures with suitable gravel is a practice that should be discontinued. Steelhead spawner use of structures which result in "pocket water" type spawning areas were heavily used. This habitat configuration proved most desirable when woody object cover was readily available to the spawners. The highest steelhead spawner use was associated with boulder groups with wood and boulder/rootwad groups. We found rearing structures which provided high habitat and cover diversity received the best response from juvenile fish. We observed fish use over one summer and saw dramatic unpredictable use changes even through this short time period. Fish rearing needs during other seasons may differ substantially from summer needs, therefore, suitability of modified habitat probably also changes. Digger logs, one of the least costly and simplest structures, provided the best increase in fish standing crop (fish/m2) for the lowest cost. We believe digger logs were well used by rearing fish because they are one of the most natural restoration structures investigated. Other structures which were well used (small weirs, deflectors, and boulder groups with attached wood) also seem to closely duplicate naturally productive habitats. Higher velocity habitat types associated with boulder groups with wood, boulder rootwad groups, and boulder deflectors were selected by juvenile steelhead and chinook salmon. Providing overhead cover, especially if it extends into the water where it may also be used as object cover, seemed most valuable for juvenile steelhead and salmon if it was placed in a habitat type which would normally receive high fish use. Placement of object cover in slow velocity areas (pool and glide edges) had questionable value for summer rearing habitat restoration, however we do not know what value these structures may have during colder water high flow periods when fish seek slow velocity, densely-covered habitats. We defined the most cost effective method as one meeting restoration objectives, providing the greatest increase in fish use (per surface area or volume), over the longest time period, for the lowest cost. We rank structures evaluated in this study (from most cost-effective to least cost effective) as follows: Digger Logs, Boulder deflectors, Small Boulder Weirs, Boulder Groups with Woody Cover, Free Boulder Weirs, Large Boulder Weirs, Boulder Groups, Boulder/Rootwad Groups, Boulder/Rootwad Deflectors, Small Boulder Weirs, and Cabled Cover Logs. Close

• 15. [Image] Federal Register - Notice of Policy for Conserving Species Listed or Proposed for Listing Under the Endangered Species Act While Providing and Enhancing Recreational Fisheries Opportunities; Notice

  	The Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service (Services) have adopted a policy that will address the conservation needs of species listed, or proposed to be listed, under the ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Federal Register - Notice of Policy for Conserving Species Listed or Proposed for Listing Under the Endangered Species Act While Providing and Enhancing Recreational Fisheries Opportunities; Notice Year: 1996, 2008, 2005 The Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service (Services) have adopted a policy that will address the conservation needs of species listed, or proposed to be listed, under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA) while providing for the continuation and enhancement of recreational fisheries. This policy identifies measures the Services will take to ensure consistency in the administration of the ESA between and within the two agencies, promote collaboration with other Federal, State, and Tribal fisheries managers, and improve and increase efforts to inform nonfederal entities of the requirements of the ESA while enhancing recreational fisheries. This policy meets the requirements set forth in Section 4 of Executive Order 12962, Recreational Fisheries Title: Federal Register - Notice of Policy for Conserving Species Listed or Proposed for Listing Under the Endangered Species Act While Providing and Enhancing Recreational Fisheries Opportunities; Notice Year: 1996, 2008, 2005 The Fish and Wildlife Service and the National Marine Fisheries Service (Services) have adopted a policy that will address the conservation needs of species listed, or proposed to be listed, under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA) while providing for the continuation and enhancement of recreational fisheries. This policy identifies measures the Services will take to ensure consistency in the administration of the ESA between and within the two agencies, promote collaboration with other Federal, State, and Tribal fisheries managers, and improve and increase efforts to inform nonfederal entities of the requirements of the ESA while enhancing recreational fisheries. This policy meets the requirements set forth in Section 4 of Executive Order 12962, Recreational Fisheries Close

• 16. [Image] Fact and fancy about Crater Lake fish

  	ill.; Report title; Fishing period between July 24, 1933 and September 4, 1933.
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fact and fancy about Crater Lake fish Author: Hubbard, C. Andresen Year: 1933, 2009 ill.; Report title; Fishing period between July 24, 1933 and September 4, 1933. Title: Fact and fancy about Crater Lake fish Author: Hubbard, C. Andresen Year: 1933, 2009 ill.; Report title; Fishing period between July 24, 1933 and September 4, 1933. Close

• 17. [Image] Fish liberations in Crater Lake

  	"No fish have been planted in the lake since 1941. (1967)"; Stocking dates include 1910, 1914, 1922-1941
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fish liberations in Crater Lake Author: United States. National Park Service. Year: 1967, 2010 "No fish have been planted in the lake since 1941. (1967)"; Stocking dates include 1910, 1914, 1922-1941 Title: Fish liberations in Crater Lake Author: United States. National Park Service. Year: 1967, 2010 "No fish have been planted in the lake since 1941. (1967)"; Stocking dates include 1910, 1914, 1922-1941 Close

• 18. [Image] Memorandum of understanding between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of the Interior and the National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce regarding jurisdictional responsibilities and listing procedures under the Endangered Species Act of 1973

  	MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND THE NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION UNITED ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Memorandum of understanding between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of the Interior and the National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce regarding jurisdictional responsibilities and listing procedures under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; United States. National Marine Fisheries Service Year: 1974, 2005 MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND THE NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGARDING JURISDICTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES AND LISTING PROCEDURES UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT OF 1973 WHEREAS, under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, ( 16 U. S. C. § § 1531- 43) ( the " Act"), the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce share, among other things, the responsi-bility to determine species of fauna and flora to be endangered species and threatened species; WHEREAS, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce have delegated those responsibilities to the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, respectively; WHEREAS, the Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1970, which under the Act, governs the responsibilities of each Secretary, does not adequately set forth those species of fauna and flora under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior and those under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Commerce; - 2 - WHEREAS, the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, wish to establish procedures for the implementation of the Act and for the amend-ment of the United States Lists of Endangered Species and Threatened Species; WHEREAS, the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, consider it desirable to define their respective jurisdictions with respect to the Act; NOW THEREFORE, the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, hereby agree as follows with respect to their responsibilities for species of fauna subject to the Act and for the addition of species of fauna to the United States Lists of Endangered Species and Threatened Species, and for other revisions of those Lists: 1. ( a) The Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, shall have jurisdiction over and shall determine whether species in the following classes, orders, or groups of animals shall be added to the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from threatened to endangered: - 3 - All species of the order Cetacea; all species of the order Pinnipedia, other than walruses; all commercially harvested species of the phylum Mollusca and the class Crustacea which spend all of their lifetimes in estuarine waters; and all other nonmammalian species ( except members of the classes Aves, Amphibian, and Reptilia), which either ( i) reside the major portion of their lifetimes in marine waters; or ( ii) are species which spend part of their lifetimes in estuarine waters, if the major portion of the remaining time ( the time which is not spent in estuarine waters) is spent in marine waters. For the purposes of this Memorandum of Understanding: ( i) " commercially harvested species" is defined to mean species which are commercially harvested from the estuary at the time this Memorandum is signed; and ( ii) " lists of endangered species and threatened species" is defined to mean the endangered species and threatened species listed pursuant to section 4 of the Act. ( b) The proposed determination of the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, that such a species should be added to the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from threatened to endangered, and the corres-ponding listing by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal - 4 - Register, signed by both Directors. Comments on the proposed listing shall be directed to the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, who shall conduct all appropriate or required status reviews, consultations, and notifications and who may, in his discretion, hold any appropriate hearings. The final determination of the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, that such a species should be added to the lists of endangered species or threatened species or changed in status from threatened to endangered, and the corresponding listing by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. ( c) Both Directors must jointly agree whether such a species shall be removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from endangered to threatened. ( d) The proposed action by the Directors with respect to whether such a species should be removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from endangered to threatened, and the corresponding proposed revision of those lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. Comments on the proposed revision of those lists shall be directed to both - 5 - Directors, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Directors. If both Directors desire hearings on the proposed revision, joint hearings shall be held, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Directors. The Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, shall conduct all appropriate or required status reviews, consultations, and notifications. The final action by the Directors with respect to whether such a species should be removed from the lists of endangered and threatened species or changed in status from endangered to threatened, and the corres-ponding revision of those lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. 2. The Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall have jurisdiction over, and shall determine whether species in the following classes, orders, or groups of animals shall be added to or removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from either category to the other, and shall list such species in his discretion. All members of the classes Mammalia ( except members of the order Cetacea, and members of the order Pinnepedia, other than Walruses), Aves, Reptilia ( except marine turtles of the families Cheloniidae and Dermochelidae), Amphibia, and all other species ( except species of the orders Cetacea and Pinnipedia, other than Walruses) which either ( i) spend the major portion of their lifetimes on land and/ or in fresh water; or ( ii) are species - 6 - which spend part of their lifetimes in estuarine waters, if the major portion of the remaining time ( the time which is not spent in estuarine waters) is spent on land and/ or in fresh water. 3. ( a) The Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, shall have joint jurisdiction over, and shall jointly determine whether species of fauna not specifically assigned in paragraphs 1 and 2 above shall be added to or removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from one category to the other. In the case of addition, removal, or change in status of one of these species, the procedure set forth in paragraph 3( b) shall be followed with all of the appropriate actions to be done jointly, with the concurrence of both Directors, including any notices of review, proposed determin-ations, notifications, hearings, consultations, receipt of comments, and final determinations; provided, that, the Directors may agree in writing that hearings and the receipt of comments may be the responsibility of either Director. ( b) The proposed joint determination by the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, and the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the corresponding proposed revision of the lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, - 7 - signed by both Directors. Where both Directors concur in the determination that a final revision of the lists should be made, the final determination by the Directors and the corresponding final revision of the lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. 4. Final allocation of responsibilities under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, with respect to marine turtles of the families Cheloniidae and Dermochelidae must be resolved at some future time. For this reason, it is agreed that until this particular issue is resolved, all actions respecting such turtles will be undertaken jointly, using the same joint actions, requirements, and procedures contained in paragraph 3( b). 5. In emergency situations, regulations promulgated with respect to listing pursuant to the provisions of section ( 4)( f)( 2)( B)( ii) of the Act shall be undertaken using the jurisdictional assign-ments and the joint procedures, to the extent appropriate, described in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, and 4. 6. Neither agency will unilaterally act on the listing of any plant species until the jurisdictional issue, with respect to plants, is resolved. - 8 - 7. Each Director agrees that he and his staff will, at all stages, consult with and consider the recommendations of the other Director and his staff with respect to all actions proposed to be taken under the authority of the Memorandum of Understanding. 8. This Memorandum of Understanding has been executed in order to permit an orderly, efficient administration of the Act and should not be construed to govern the activities of either Secretary with respect to any other program administered by them. This Memorandum of Understanding will become effective when signed by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service. Either of the aforementioned Directors may cancel this Memorandum of Under-standing upon thirty days written notice to the other Director. Title: Memorandum of understanding between the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, United States Department of the Interior and the National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce regarding jurisdictional responsibilities and listing procedures under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 Author: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; United States. National Marine Fisheries Service Year: 1974, 2005 MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING BETWEEN THE U. S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND THE NATIONAL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE REGARDING JURISDICTIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES AND LISTING PROCEDURES UNDER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT OF 1973 WHEREAS, under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, ( 16 U. S. C. § § 1531- 43) ( the " Act"), the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce share, among other things, the responsi-bility to determine species of fauna and flora to be endangered species and threatened species; WHEREAS, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Commerce have delegated those responsibilities to the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, respectively; WHEREAS, the Reorganization Plan No. 4 of 1970, which under the Act, governs the responsibilities of each Secretary, does not adequately set forth those species of fauna and flora under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior and those under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Commerce; - 2 - WHEREAS, the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, wish to establish procedures for the implementation of the Act and for the amend-ment of the United States Lists of Endangered Species and Threatened Species; WHEREAS, the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, consider it desirable to define their respective jurisdictions with respect to the Act; NOW THEREFORE, the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, hereby agree as follows with respect to their responsibilities for species of fauna subject to the Act and for the addition of species of fauna to the United States Lists of Endangered Species and Threatened Species, and for other revisions of those Lists: 1. ( a) The Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, shall have jurisdiction over and shall determine whether species in the following classes, orders, or groups of animals shall be added to the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from threatened to endangered: - 3 - All species of the order Cetacea; all species of the order Pinnipedia, other than walruses; all commercially harvested species of the phylum Mollusca and the class Crustacea which spend all of their lifetimes in estuarine waters; and all other nonmammalian species ( except members of the classes Aves, Amphibian, and Reptilia), which either ( i) reside the major portion of their lifetimes in marine waters; or ( ii) are species which spend part of their lifetimes in estuarine waters, if the major portion of the remaining time ( the time which is not spent in estuarine waters) is spent in marine waters. For the purposes of this Memorandum of Understanding: ( i) " commercially harvested species" is defined to mean species which are commercially harvested from the estuary at the time this Memorandum is signed; and ( ii) " lists of endangered species and threatened species" is defined to mean the endangered species and threatened species listed pursuant to section 4 of the Act. ( b) The proposed determination of the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, that such a species should be added to the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from threatened to endangered, and the corres-ponding listing by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal - 4 - Register, signed by both Directors. Comments on the proposed listing shall be directed to the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, who shall conduct all appropriate or required status reviews, consultations, and notifications and who may, in his discretion, hold any appropriate hearings. The final determination of the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, that such a species should be added to the lists of endangered species or threatened species or changed in status from threatened to endangered, and the corresponding listing by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. ( c) Both Directors must jointly agree whether such a species shall be removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from endangered to threatened. ( d) The proposed action by the Directors with respect to whether such a species should be removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from endangered to threatened, and the corresponding proposed revision of those lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. Comments on the proposed revision of those lists shall be directed to both - 5 - Directors, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Directors. If both Directors desire hearings on the proposed revision, joint hearings shall be held, unless otherwise agreed in writing by the Directors. The Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, shall conduct all appropriate or required status reviews, consultations, and notifications. The final action by the Directors with respect to whether such a species should be removed from the lists of endangered and threatened species or changed in status from endangered to threatened, and the corres-ponding revision of those lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. 2. The Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall have jurisdiction over, and shall determine whether species in the following classes, orders, or groups of animals shall be added to or removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from either category to the other, and shall list such species in his discretion. All members of the classes Mammalia ( except members of the order Cetacea, and members of the order Pinnepedia, other than Walruses), Aves, Reptilia ( except marine turtles of the families Cheloniidae and Dermochelidae), Amphibia, and all other species ( except species of the orders Cetacea and Pinnipedia, other than Walruses) which either ( i) spend the major portion of their lifetimes on land and/ or in fresh water; or ( ii) are species - 6 - which spend part of their lifetimes in estuarine waters, if the major portion of the remaining time ( the time which is not spent in estuarine waters) is spent on land and/ or in fresh water. 3. ( a) The Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, shall have joint jurisdiction over, and shall jointly determine whether species of fauna not specifically assigned in paragraphs 1 and 2 above shall be added to or removed from the lists of endangered species and threatened species or changed in status from one category to the other. In the case of addition, removal, or change in status of one of these species, the procedure set forth in paragraph 3( b) shall be followed with all of the appropriate actions to be done jointly, with the concurrence of both Directors, including any notices of review, proposed determin-ations, notifications, hearings, consultations, receipt of comments, and final determinations; provided, that, the Directors may agree in writing that hearings and the receipt of comments may be the responsibility of either Director. ( b) The proposed joint determination by the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service, and the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the corresponding proposed revision of the lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, - 7 - signed by both Directors. Where both Directors concur in the determination that a final revision of the lists should be made, the final determination by the Directors and the corresponding final revision of the lists by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, shall be published in a single document in the Federal Register, signed by both Directors. 4. Final allocation of responsibilities under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, with respect to marine turtles of the families Cheloniidae and Dermochelidae must be resolved at some future time. For this reason, it is agreed that until this particular issue is resolved, all actions respecting such turtles will be undertaken jointly, using the same joint actions, requirements, and procedures contained in paragraph 3( b). 5. In emergency situations, regulations promulgated with respect to listing pursuant to the provisions of section ( 4)( f)( 2)( B)( ii) of the Act shall be undertaken using the jurisdictional assign-ments and the joint procedures, to the extent appropriate, described in paragraphs 1, 2, 3, and 4. 6. Neither agency will unilaterally act on the listing of any plant species until the jurisdictional issue, with respect to plants, is resolved. - 8 - 7. Each Director agrees that he and his staff will, at all stages, consult with and consider the recommendations of the other Director and his staff with respect to all actions proposed to be taken under the authority of the Memorandum of Understanding. 8. This Memorandum of Understanding has been executed in order to permit an orderly, efficient administration of the Act and should not be construed to govern the activities of either Secretary with respect to any other program administered by them. This Memorandum of Understanding will become effective when signed by the Director, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Director, National Marine Fisheries Service. Either of the aforementioned Directors may cancel this Memorandum of Under-standing upon thirty days written notice to the other Director. Close

• 19. [Image] Biological/conference opinion regarding the effects of operation of the Bureau of Reclamation's Klamath Project on the endangered Lost River sucker (Deltistes luxatus), endangered shortnose sucker (Chasmistes brevirostris), threatened bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and proposed critical habitat for the Lost River/shortnose suckers

  	Cover title; "April 2001."; Includes bibliographical references
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Biological/conference opinion regarding the effects of operation of the Bureau of Reclamation's Klamath Project on the endangered Lost River sucker (Deltistes luxatus), endangered shortnose sucker (Chasmistes brevirostris), threatened bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and proposed critical habitat for the Lost River/shortnose suckers Year: 2001, 2004 Cover title; "April 2001."; Includes bibliographical references Title: Biological/conference opinion regarding the effects of operation of the Bureau of Reclamation's Klamath Project on the endangered Lost River sucker (Deltistes luxatus), endangered shortnose sucker (Chasmistes brevirostris), threatened bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and proposed critical habitat for the Lost River/shortnose suckers Year: 2001, 2004 Cover title; "April 2001."; Includes bibliographical references Close

• 20. [Image] Improving salmon passage: draft, the Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility report/environmental impact statement

  	The purpose of this summary report is to provide an overview of the findings developed for the Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study. For more detailed information, the reader should ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Improving salmon passage: draft, the Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility report/environmental impact statement Year: 1999, 2004 The purpose of this summary report is to provide an overview of the findings developed for the Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study. For more detailed information, the reader should refer to the Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement and attached appendices. The genesis of this study is the National Marine Fisheries Service's 1995 Biological Opinion for the Reinitiation of Consultation on 1994-1998 Operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System and Juvenile Transportation Program in 1995 and Future Years (95 Biological Opinion). While the focus of this study is the relationship between the four dams on the lower Snake River and their effects on juvenile fish traveling toward the ocean, the implications of the study are broader. The Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement includes the best available information on the biological effectiveness, engineering, economic effects, and other environmental effects associated with the four specific alternatives. It does not, however, include a recommendation or identify a preferred alternative. This will give the public and other agencies an opportunity to review and understand this information and provide input before a preferred alternative is selected. At the same time, this will allow the region to consider the Habitat, Hatcheries, Harvest, and Hydropower Working Paper on salmon recovery by the Federal Caucus. Information from this process will be fully examined to determine how it may influence decisions on actions for the lower Snake River. Title: Improving salmon passage: draft, the Lower Snake River juvenile salmon migration feasibility report/environmental impact statement Year: 1999, 2004 The purpose of this summary report is to provide an overview of the findings developed for the Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Study. For more detailed information, the reader should refer to the Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement and attached appendices. The genesis of this study is the National Marine Fisheries Service's 1995 Biological Opinion for the Reinitiation of Consultation on 1994-1998 Operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System and Juvenile Transportation Program in 1995 and Future Years (95 Biological Opinion). While the focus of this study is the relationship between the four dams on the lower Snake River and their effects on juvenile fish traveling toward the ocean, the implications of the study are broader. The Draft Feasibility Report/Environmental Impact Statement includes the best available information on the biological effectiveness, engineering, economic effects, and other environmental effects associated with the four specific alternatives. It does not, however, include a recommendation or identify a preferred alternative. This will give the public and other agencies an opportunity to review and understand this information and provide input before a preferred alternative is selected. At the same time, this will allow the region to consider the Habitat, Hatcheries, Harvest, and Hydropower Working Paper on salmon recovery by the Federal Caucus. Information from this process will be fully examined to determine how it may influence decisions on actions for the lower Snake River. Close