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• 1. [Article] Clear and Foster Creek Watershed Assessment

  Abstract -- A watershed assessment was completed in the Clear and Foster Creek watersheds to evaluate existing conditions and make recommendations to protect or enhance watershed natural resources. Clear ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Clear and Foster Creek Watershed Assessment Abstract -- A watershed assessment was completed in the Clear and Foster Creek watersheds to evaluate existing conditions and make recommendations to protect or enhance watershed natural resources. Clear and Foster Creek are tributaries to the Clackamas River below any major dams on the system; consequently these tributaries are positioned favorably to contribute to recovery of important anadromous fish populations. Anadromous fish species in the Clackamas basin include spring and fall chinook, coho salmon, winter steelhead, summer steelhead (non-native), migratory cutthroat trout and lamprey. Clear and Foster Creeks are utilized by fall chinook, winter steelhead and coho salmon. The assessment generally followed the framework described in the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board’s Watershed Assessment Manual (WPN, 1999). The assessment focused on the following components: Channel habitat classification and modification; hydrology and water use; riparian/wetlands; sediment sources; water quality; fisheries; and wildlife and upland vegetation. Generally the approach builds on existing information, and enhances this information with aerial photo interpretation and limited field checking. Additional fieldwork was used to verify channel habitat types and to characterize fish habitat condition. GIS was used as a critical assessment tool and method of displaying results. Title: Clear and Foster Creek Watershed Assessment Abstract -- A watershed assessment was completed in the Clear and Foster Creek watersheds to evaluate existing conditions and make recommendations to protect or enhance watershed natural resources. Clear and Foster Creek are tributaries to the Clackamas River below any major dams on the system; consequently these tributaries are positioned favorably to contribute to recovery of important anadromous fish populations. Anadromous fish species in the Clackamas basin include spring and fall chinook, coho salmon, winter steelhead, summer steelhead (non-native), migratory cutthroat trout and lamprey. Clear and Foster Creeks are utilized by fall chinook, winter steelhead and coho salmon. The assessment generally followed the framework described in the Oregon Watershed Enhancement Board’s Watershed Assessment Manual (WPN, 1999). The assessment focused on the following components: Channel habitat classification and modification; hydrology and water use; riparian/wetlands; sediment sources; water quality; fisheries; and wildlife and upland vegetation. Generally the approach builds on existing information, and enhances this information with aerial photo interpretation and limited field checking. Additional fieldwork was used to verify channel habitat types and to characterize fish habitat condition. GIS was used as a critical assessment tool and method of displaying results. Close

• 2. [Article] Aquatic & Riparian Habitat Evaluation for the McKenzie-Willamette River Confluence (Project #99-101)

  Abstract -- These files contain reports, GIS maps, photos, and accompanying metadata and files developed for the McKenzie-Willamette Confluence Study and the McKenzie River Subbasin Assessment of 2000....

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aquatic & Riparian Habitat Evaluation for the McKenzie-Willamette River Confluence (Project #99-101) Abstract -- These files contain reports, GIS maps, photos, and accompanying metadata and files developed for the McKenzie-Willamette Confluence Study and the McKenzie River Subbasin Assessment of 2000. Title: Aquatic & Riparian Habitat Evaluation for the McKenzie-Willamette River Confluence (Project #99-101) Abstract -- These files contain reports, GIS maps, photos, and accompanying metadata and files developed for the McKenzie-Willamette Confluence Study and the McKenzie River Subbasin Assessment of 2000. Close

• 3. [Article] South Coast and Lower Rogue Watersheds - Road Storm-proofing Projects - Monitoring Report 2000-2001

  Abstract -- Road storm-proofing (sediment abatement) projects in the Lobster Creek watershed were monitored within 2 years of installation. Narrative descriptions of each project site and selected photos ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: South Coast and Lower Rogue Watersheds - Road Storm-proofing Projects - Monitoring Report 2000-2001 Abstract -- Road storm-proofing (sediment abatement) projects in the Lobster Creek watershed were monitored within 2 years of installation. Narrative descriptions of each project site and selected photos are presented. Title: South Coast and Lower Rogue Watersheds - Road Storm-proofing Projects - Monitoring Report 2000-2001 Abstract -- Road storm-proofing (sediment abatement) projects in the Lobster Creek watershed were monitored within 2 years of installation. Narrative descriptions of each project site and selected photos are presented. Close

• 4. [Article] South Coast and Lower Rogue Watersheds - Riparian Improvement Project - Monitoring Report 2000 - 2001

  Abstract -- 64.1 stream miles on 11 South Coast streams were planted with various conifers from 1996 to 2001 to restore degraded riparian habitat. The average stocking/survival rate was 40% overall. Narrative ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: South Coast and Lower Rogue Watersheds - Riparian Improvement Project - Monitoring Report 2000 - 2001 Abstract -- 64.1 stream miles on 11 South Coast streams were planted with various conifers from 1996 to 2001 to restore degraded riparian habitat. The average stocking/survival rate was 40% overall. Narrative details and some photos are given. Title: South Coast and Lower Rogue Watersheds - Riparian Improvement Project - Monitoring Report 2000 - 2001 Abstract -- 64.1 stream miles on 11 South Coast streams were planted with various conifers from 1996 to 2001 to restore degraded riparian habitat. The average stocking/survival rate was 40% overall. Narrative details and some photos are given. Close

• 5. [Article] End Creek - Rice Fish Habitat and Wetland Restoration Project, OWEB #204-434

  Abstract -- The summer of 2006 culminated in the successful implementation of three consecutive phases of the End Creek Restoration Project located in the northwest Grande Ronde Valley within the Grande ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: End Creek - Rice Fish Habitat and Wetland Restoration Project, OWEB #204-434 Abstract -- The summer of 2006 culminated in the successful implementation of three consecutive phases of the End Creek Restoration Project located in the northwest Grande Ronde Valley within the Grande Ronde Subbasin of eastern Oregon. The End Creek Project complex encompasses approximately 776 acres within three contiguous private land parcels, 1.13 miles of End Creek, 1.06 miles of the South Fork Willow Creek, 0.65 miles of McDonald Creek, and several spring-fed tributaries in the Willow Creek Watershed. This 39 page report details the many aspects of this project and includes photos, figures, and references. Title: End Creek - Rice Fish Habitat and Wetland Restoration Project, OWEB #204-434 Abstract -- The summer of 2006 culminated in the successful implementation of three consecutive phases of the End Creek Restoration Project located in the northwest Grande Ronde Valley within the Grande Ronde Subbasin of eastern Oregon. The End Creek Project complex encompasses approximately 776 acres within three contiguous private land parcels, 1.13 miles of End Creek, 1.06 miles of the South Fork Willow Creek, 0.65 miles of McDonald Creek, and several spring-fed tributaries in the Willow Creek Watershed. This 39 page report details the many aspects of this project and includes photos, figures, and references. Close

• 6. [Article] Dodge Canyon Culvert Replacement Project Completion Report (OWEB #205-162 & #206-284)

  Abstract -- In early 2004, teh Elk Creek Watershed Council identified an undersized steel culvert that was blocking fish passage to more than a mile of salmonid habitat on private land on Dodge Canyon ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Dodge Canyon Culvert Replacement Project Completion Report (OWEB #205-162 & #206-284) Abstract -- In early 2004, teh Elk Creek Watershed Council identified an undersized steel culvert that was blocking fish passage to more than a mile of salmonid habitat on private land on Dodge Canyon Creek. The Council approached the land owner and obtained permission to seek fudning to replace the culvert. Two additional culverts on a side tributary, blocking 1/2 mile of additional habitat, and a partial barrier on Thompson Creek, were also also identified for removal. All culverts were slated for removal at one time by a single contractor in hopes of saving money. Final removal and construction of the culverts was completed on August 28, 2006. The landowner will maintain the culverts for 10 years, with periodic inspection by the Elk River Watershed Council. The Elk Creek Watershed Council will take photos of the projects for at least two years, and ODFW will conduct fish presence and spawning surveys to document fish use for two years. Title: Dodge Canyon Culvert Replacement Project Completion Report (OWEB #205-162 & #206-284) Abstract -- In early 2004, teh Elk Creek Watershed Council identified an undersized steel culvert that was blocking fish passage to more than a mile of salmonid habitat on private land on Dodge Canyon Creek. The Council approached the land owner and obtained permission to seek fudning to replace the culvert. Two additional culverts on a side tributary, blocking 1/2 mile of additional habitat, and a partial barrier on Thompson Creek, were also also identified for removal. All culverts were slated for removal at one time by a single contractor in hopes of saving money. Final removal and construction of the culverts was completed on August 28, 2006. The landowner will maintain the culverts for 10 years, with periodic inspection by the Elk River Watershed Council. The Elk Creek Watershed Council will take photos of the projects for at least two years, and ODFW will conduct fish presence and spawning surveys to document fish use for two years. Close

• 7. [Article] Coos Bay Crabbing and Clamming detailed spatial data

  Abstract -- Coos Bay is Oregon's largest estuary with the most active shipping port between San Francisco and the Columbia River. Coos Bay affords robust shellfish harvesting opportunities important to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Coos Bay Crabbing and Clamming detailed spatial data Abstract -- Coos Bay is Oregon's largest estuary with the most active shipping port between San Francisco and the Columbia River. Coos Bay affords robust shellfish harvesting opportunities important to the area’s economy and identity. Proposed industrial development is likely to make direct and indirect changes to areas currently used for shellfish harvest. Appropriate mitigation for these changes can be aided by estimation of summarized use (this document and Ainsworth et al. (2012)) and in greater detail by using spatially explicit data for these activities. In this investigation, we obtained geospatial data on the activity of clammers (people actively clamming) and crabbers (locations of crab buoys). Other shellfish harvest is common (e.g., dock crabbing, bait shrimp, etc.) in Coos Bay, but not evaluated in this study. Methods ODFW performs low tide clam creel surveys which enumerate use by area, lumping counts in to one of eight areas within Coos Bay. In this study, we enhanced these counts by recording specific location data onto aerial photo maps. We matched landmarks on the aerial photos to best estimate position of each working clammer during these surveys. After these data were recorded onto paper maps, the points were transferred to ArcGIS manually. It is our expectation that by using these methods, these data are accurate to within 100 meters. Areas up-bay from the airport were not included as they are used far less frequently and could not be sampled due to time constraints. Those areas are primarily eastern softshell (Mya arenaria) beds within North Slough, Glasgow, Kentuck, and other areas. We captured geospatial data for crab buoys by recording position of individual buoys throughout the year. We selected survey times haphazardly, when timing was convenient for staff schedules. We used the 22’ boat R/V Ophiodon to drive along each side of the bay 87 searching for crab buoys. We drove within 50 meters of each pot and recorded a position using GPS, then later uploaded it to the dataset. Summarized recreational crab harvest data by area and year is available on a preceding study (Ainsworth et al. 2012). https://nrimp.dfw.state.or.us/CRL/Reports/Info/2012-04.pdf Title: Coos Bay Crabbing and Clamming detailed spatial data Abstract -- Coos Bay is Oregon's largest estuary with the most active shipping port between San Francisco and the Columbia River. Coos Bay affords robust shellfish harvesting opportunities important to the area’s economy and identity. Proposed industrial development is likely to make direct and indirect changes to areas currently used for shellfish harvest. Appropriate mitigation for these changes can be aided by estimation of summarized use (this document and Ainsworth et al. (2012)) and in greater detail by using spatially explicit data for these activities. In this investigation, we obtained geospatial data on the activity of clammers (people actively clamming) and crabbers (locations of crab buoys). Other shellfish harvest is common (e.g., dock crabbing, bait shrimp, etc.) in Coos Bay, but not evaluated in this study. Methods ODFW performs low tide clam creel surveys which enumerate use by area, lumping counts in to one of eight areas within Coos Bay. In this study, we enhanced these counts by recording specific location data onto aerial photo maps. We matched landmarks on the aerial photos to best estimate position of each working clammer during these surveys. After these data were recorded onto paper maps, the points were transferred to ArcGIS manually. It is our expectation that by using these methods, these data are accurate to within 100 meters. Areas up-bay from the airport were not included as they are used far less frequently and could not be sampled due to time constraints. Those areas are primarily eastern softshell (Mya arenaria) beds within North Slough, Glasgow, Kentuck, and other areas. We captured geospatial data for crab buoys by recording position of individual buoys throughout the year. We selected survey times haphazardly, when timing was convenient for staff schedules. We used the 22’ boat R/V Ophiodon to drive along each side of the bay 87 searching for crab buoys. We drove within 50 meters of each pot and recorded a position using GPS, then later uploaded it to the dataset. Summarized recreational crab harvest data by area and year is available on a preceding study (Ainsworth et al. 2012). https://nrimp.dfw.state.or.us/CRL/Reports/Info/2012-04.pdf Close

• 8. [Article] North and South Scappoose Creek Confluence Restoration

  Abstract -- This project applied standard monitoring methods to measure the results of an in-stream restoration project. The site is at the confluence of the North and South Scappoose Creeks, where the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: North and South Scappoose Creek Confluence Restoration Abstract -- This project applied standard monitoring methods to measure the results of an in-stream restoration project. The site is at the confluence of the North and South Scappoose Creeks, where the Council installed six large wood structures to provide long-term channel roughness and encourage additional recruitment of large wood. Monitoring methods included creek and vegetation cross-sections, photo points, and creek profiles. The original project called for monitoring to occur prior to construction in 2011, within the first year following construction, at year three, and at year five. The first two of these occurred as scheduled, however, due to both the dynamic site conditions, and Council staff turnover, it was determined the monitoring activities should be suspended after year three (early 2015). Project results are mixed; a significant amount of information was gathered, but follow up was difficult due to the nature of the site and staff turnover. Photo points clearly show results, but final metrics on vegetation and pooling was unable to be attained. Title: North and South Scappoose Creek Confluence Restoration Abstract -- This project applied standard monitoring methods to measure the results of an in-stream restoration project. The site is at the confluence of the North and South Scappoose Creeks, where the Council installed six large wood structures to provide long-term channel roughness and encourage additional recruitment of large wood. Monitoring methods included creek and vegetation cross-sections, photo points, and creek profiles. The original project called for monitoring to occur prior to construction in 2011, within the first year following construction, at year three, and at year five. The first two of these occurred as scheduled, however, due to both the dynamic site conditions, and Council staff turnover, it was determined the monitoring activities should be suspended after year three (early 2015). Project results are mixed; a significant amount of information was gathered, but follow up was difficult due to the nature of the site and staff turnover. Photo points clearly show results, but final metrics on vegetation and pooling was unable to be attained. Close

• 9. [Article] Coos - Coquille Basin Estuarine Wetland Protection and Restoration Project, OWEB#99-803, 99-420

  Abstract -- This document describes a large and complex restoration project, beginning with an executive summary, and moving into site descriptions and background on the problems that instigated the project. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Coos - Coquille Basin Estuarine Wetland Protection and Restoration Project, OWEB#99-803, 99-420 Abstract -- This document describes a large and complex restoration project, beginning with an executive summary, and moving into site descriptions and background on the problems that instigated the project. Further chapters cover a list of volunteers and participants, materials and methods used, results, evaluation of results, and final accounting. The 14 appendices, in a separate document, contain aerial photos and topo maps of each site. 37 pp. Title: Coos - Coquille Basin Estuarine Wetland Protection and Restoration Project, OWEB#99-803, 99-420 Abstract -- This document describes a large and complex restoration project, beginning with an executive summary, and moving into site descriptions and background on the problems that instigated the project. Further chapters cover a list of volunteers and participants, materials and methods used, results, evaluation of results, and final accounting. The 14 appendices, in a separate document, contain aerial photos and topo maps of each site. 37 pp. Close

• 10. [Article] Oregon South Coast Estuaries: Hunter Creek, Pistol River, Chetco River, & Winchuck River Tidal Wetlands Assessment (2012-2015)

  Abstract -- Although tidal wetlands on the Oregon South Coast are limited in extent, they may be particularly valuable for a variety of wetland functions. This assessment combines the Brophy (2007) and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon South Coast Estuaries: Hunter Creek, Pistol River, Chetco River, & Winchuck River Tidal Wetlands Assessment (2012-2015) Abstract -- Although tidal wetlands on the Oregon South Coast are limited in extent, they may be particularly valuable for a variety of wetland functions. This assessment combines the Brophy (2007) and Adamus (2005) approaches to quantify the extent and causes of habitat loss and hydrogeomorphic changes in tidal wetlands of four Oregon South Coast Estuaries. The potential for restoring critical habitat and wetland functions is ranked using Ecological Prioritization Criteria (Brophy, 2007), while indicators of function, risk, and integrity are evaluated using scoring models from the Adamus (2005) Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Rapid Assessment Method. The extent of inundation (head of tide) during King Tide conditions was observed and documented by staff and volunteers. Field measurements of salinity concentrations and stratification during high and low flow were tabulated. The historic aerial photo record was examined to detect channel migration, floodplain re-vegetation, and human-caused alterations. Related studies were combined with these observations to provide a summary of estuary hydrology, sedimentation, and channel stability related to wetland establishment and loss in each of the four estuaries. Ecological priority scores (Brophy, 2007) varied with wetland size, tidal channel condition, connectivity, and diversity of vegetation classes. Wetlands were categorized as restoration or conservation types, and priority ranks for wetlands were depicted on orthophoto base maps. Tidal wetlands and nearby floodplain wetlands in a variety of geomorphic settings were surveyed using the HGM protocol, including one “reference” and one restoration site . The HGM survey scores 55 indicators, including botanical transects, used to rank wetland functions (calculated by indicator scoring models). Risks to wetlands include human disturbances in close proximity to the wetlands and floodplains, resulting from the narrow valley floors in this tectonically active region. Wetland integrity is threatened by a surprising large proportion of non-native species in the botanical transects, 40%. Wetland indicators that scored low, and could be restored or enhanced, are discussed in a restoration considerations narrative. Wetland descriptions include lists of plant species, grouped by wetland status, native/non-native, and perennial/annual persistence. In addition to the HGM scores, an analysis of cover and diversity of all plant species in plots, off-transect species diversity, and waterfowl food distribution was completed using a wetland vegetation database developed for the Oregon South Coast. Title: Oregon South Coast Estuaries: Hunter Creek, Pistol River, Chetco River, & Winchuck River Tidal Wetlands Assessment (2012-2015) Abstract -- Although tidal wetlands on the Oregon South Coast are limited in extent, they may be particularly valuable for a variety of wetland functions. This assessment combines the Brophy (2007) and Adamus (2005) approaches to quantify the extent and causes of habitat loss and hydrogeomorphic changes in tidal wetlands of four Oregon South Coast Estuaries. The potential for restoring critical habitat and wetland functions is ranked using Ecological Prioritization Criteria (Brophy, 2007), while indicators of function, risk, and integrity are evaluated using scoring models from the Adamus (2005) Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) Rapid Assessment Method. The extent of inundation (head of tide) during King Tide conditions was observed and documented by staff and volunteers. Field measurements of salinity concentrations and stratification during high and low flow were tabulated. The historic aerial photo record was examined to detect channel migration, floodplain re-vegetation, and human-caused alterations. Related studies were combined with these observations to provide a summary of estuary hydrology, sedimentation, and channel stability related to wetland establishment and loss in each of the four estuaries. Ecological priority scores (Brophy, 2007) varied with wetland size, tidal channel condition, connectivity, and diversity of vegetation classes. Wetlands were categorized as restoration or conservation types, and priority ranks for wetlands were depicted on orthophoto base maps. Tidal wetlands and nearby floodplain wetlands in a variety of geomorphic settings were surveyed using the HGM protocol, including one “reference” and one restoration site . The HGM survey scores 55 indicators, including botanical transects, used to rank wetland functions (calculated by indicator scoring models). Risks to wetlands include human disturbances in close proximity to the wetlands and floodplains, resulting from the narrow valley floors in this tectonically active region. Wetland integrity is threatened by a surprising large proportion of non-native species in the botanical transects, 40%. Wetland indicators that scored low, and could be restored or enhanced, are discussed in a restoration considerations narrative. Wetland descriptions include lists of plant species, grouped by wetland status, native/non-native, and perennial/annual persistence. In addition to the HGM scores, an analysis of cover and diversity of all plant species in plots, off-transect species diversity, and waterfowl food distribution was completed using a wetland vegetation database developed for the Oregon South Coast. Close

• 11. [Article] The Impact of Humanitarian Photography on the Generation of Sympathy and on Donation Behavior

  This paper presents findings of an exploratory study to evaluate the impact of humanitarian photography on the generation of sympathy and donation behavior. Considering the large amount of money spent ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Impact of Humanitarian Photography on the Generation of Sympathy and on Donation Behavior Author: Barberini, Marta Year: 2010 This paper presents findings of an exploratory study to evaluate the impact of humanitarian photography on the generation of sympathy and donation behavior. Considering the large amount of money spent each year by charity organizations on marketing strategies, it seems crucial to shed light on the persuasive impact of images in this context. The overarching purpose of this study was to discern what impact, if any, a number of features in a photograph have on sympathetic reactions. Specifically the author examined facial expressions (sad vs. happy), eye contact vs. no eye contact and total number of subjects portrayed. Findings supported the hypothesis that sad expressions in photos would have greater sympathetic responses than happy expressions. The author hypothesized that direct eye contact would be more persuasive than indirect eye contact, but the data supported the inverse result: indirect eye contact elicited more sympathy than direct gaze. The third hypothesis, that single subject images would be more persuasive than multiple subjects, was not supported. The author concluded that results draw attention to sympathy-generating attributes of charity appeals that have been overlooked. Title: The Impact of Humanitarian Photography on the Generation of Sympathy and on Donation Behavior Author: Barberini, Marta Year: 2010 This paper presents findings of an exploratory study to evaluate the impact of humanitarian photography on the generation of sympathy and donation behavior. Considering the large amount of money spent each year by charity organizations on marketing strategies, it seems crucial to shed light on the persuasive impact of images in this context. The overarching purpose of this study was to discern what impact, if any, a number of features in a photograph have on sympathetic reactions. Specifically the author examined facial expressions (sad vs. happy), eye contact vs. no eye contact and total number of subjects portrayed. Findings supported the hypothesis that sad expressions in photos would have greater sympathetic responses than happy expressions. The author hypothesized that direct eye contact would be more persuasive than indirect eye contact, but the data supported the inverse result: indirect eye contact elicited more sympathy than direct gaze. The third hypothesis, that single subject images would be more persuasive than multiple subjects, was not supported. The author concluded that results draw attention to sympathy-generating attributes of charity appeals that have been overlooked. Close

• 12. [Article] Exploring Sense of Place of Community Gardens in Portland

  The study examines social and physical connections and images that define the sense of place of three community gardens managed by the City of Portland. Most research on community gardens focuses on social ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Exploring Sense of Place of Community Gardens in Portland Author: Shields, Barbara E. Year: 2011 The study examines social and physical connections and images that define the sense of place of three community gardens managed by the City of Portland. Most research on community gardens focuses on social group connections and their impact on community revitalization and empowerment. Few studies consider the impact of physical and social connections to community gardens from the perspective of individual gardeners in constructing their sense of place. No studies have yet examined the relationship between spatial images, space connections, and empowerment feelings related to community gardens. This study is intended to initiate a discussion on the empowerment experience of individual gardeners and their images associated with community gardens in the context of sense of place. Thirty gardeners participated in the study. The use of the narrative photo storytelling method applied through de Certeau's practice of everyday life and narrative city approach enabled gardeners to express in their own terms connections to space and experience of empowerment achieved through community gardening. The study proposes the concept of the Natural Realm as the context for sense of place of Portland Community gardens. Natural Realm deemphasizes the human-centric view of nature. Community gardeners most commonly experience empowerment by perceiving community gardens as sacred places where people feel well because they can grow healthy food, practice green domesticity, and learn from nature in a beautiful setting. The study applies Rocha's ladder of empowerment to examine the relevance of individual and group action in fulfilling empowerment goals in the context of sense of place. Gardeners accomplish most of their empowerment goals through solitary efforts to maximize pleasurable activities and increase personal efficacy and satisfaction by optimizing physical and social connections in community gardens. Title: Exploring Sense of Place of Community Gardens in Portland Author: Shields, Barbara E. Year: 2011 The study examines social and physical connections and images that define the sense of place of three community gardens managed by the City of Portland. Most research on community gardens focuses on social group connections and their impact on community revitalization and empowerment. Few studies consider the impact of physical and social connections to community gardens from the perspective of individual gardeners in constructing their sense of place. No studies have yet examined the relationship between spatial images, space connections, and empowerment feelings related to community gardens. This study is intended to initiate a discussion on the empowerment experience of individual gardeners and their images associated with community gardens in the context of sense of place. Thirty gardeners participated in the study. The use of the narrative photo storytelling method applied through de Certeau's practice of everyday life and narrative city approach enabled gardeners to express in their own terms connections to space and experience of empowerment achieved through community gardening. The study proposes the concept of the Natural Realm as the context for sense of place of Portland Community gardens. Natural Realm deemphasizes the human-centric view of nature. Community gardeners most commonly experience empowerment by perceiving community gardens as sacred places where people feel well because they can grow healthy food, practice green domesticity, and learn from nature in a beautiful setting. The study applies Rocha's ladder of empowerment to examine the relevance of individual and group action in fulfilling empowerment goals in the context of sense of place. Gardeners accomplish most of their empowerment goals through solitary efforts to maximize pleasurable activities and increase personal efficacy and satisfaction by optimizing physical and social connections in community gardens. Close

• 13. [Article] Fundamental Properties of Functional Zinc Oxide Nanowires Obtained by Electrochemical Method and Their Device Applications

  We report on the fundamental properties and device applications of semiconductor nanoparticles. ZnO nanowires and CdSe quantum dots were used, prepared, characterized, and assembled into novel light-emitting ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fundamental Properties of Functional Zinc Oxide Nanowires Obtained by Electrochemical Method and Their Device Applications Author: Nadarajah, Athavan Year: 2012 We report on the fundamental properties and device applications of semiconductor nanoparticles. ZnO nanowires and CdSe quantum dots were used, prepared, characterized, and assembled into novel light-emitting diodes and solar cells. ZnO nanowire films were grown electrochemically using aqueous soluble chloride-based electrolytes as precursors at temperatures below 90° C. Dopants were added to the electrolyte in the form of chloride compounds, which are AlCl3, CoCl2, CuCl2, and MnCl2. The optical, magnetic, and structural properties of undoped and transition-metal-ion doped ZnO nanowires were explored. Our results indicate that the as-grown nanowire structures have considerable internal strain, resulting in clearly visible lattice distortions in bright and dark-field transmission electron micrographs. Photo and electroluminescence studies indicate that the strain-induced defects strongly dominate any dopant-related effects. However, annealing at moderate temperature as well as laser annealing induces strain relaxation and leads to dopant activation. Hence, the optical and electrical properties of the nanowires significantly improve, allowing these nanowires to become feasible for use in the fabrication of solar cell and LED devices. In addition, the magnetic impurities incorporated into our ZnO nanowires show superparamagnetic behavior at room-temperature, while Al-doped and undoped ZnO nanowires show no magnetic behavior. The electroluminescence (EL) is achieved from a vertical hybrid p-n junction LED arrangement consisting of a hole-conducting polymer and n-type ZnO nanowires, our group was the first to report this vertical nanowire-based LED in Könenkamp et al., 2004 [12]. The observed EL spectra show an ultraviolet excitonic emission peak and a broad defect-related emission band in the visible range. After annealing at 380° C, the defect related EL peak exhibits a characteristic shift to higher wavelengths, where the magnitude of the shift is dependent on the dopant type. Aluminum incorporation exhibited the most improved exciton related-emission, leading to the emergence of a narrow excitonic luminescence peak around 390 nm, which is close to the bandgap of ZnO. The comparison of spectra obtained from temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements, before and after thermal annealing, also indicates that the optical activity of impurities changes noticeably upon annealing. The internal quantum efficiency for PL is measured to be as high as 16 percent for Al-doped samples annealed at 380° C. The PL measurements also show that the excitonic luminescence is preferentially guided, while the defect related emission is more isotropically emitted. The nanostructured heterojunction solar cell is designed such that thin CdSe quantum dot films are embedded between a ZnO nanowire film and a hole-conducting polymer layer. This arrangement allows for enhanced light absorption and an efficient collection of photogenerated carriers. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the pyridine solution and 1,2- ethanedithiol ligand exchange processes of the quantum dots, deposition processes of this quantum dot layer, the conformality of this layer on deeply nanostructured samples, and the effect of a surfactant-aided thermal annealing process. Annealing creates a structural conversion of the quantum dot layers into an extremely thin continuous poly-crystalline film, with typical grain diameters of 30-50 nm. This transition is accompanied by a loss of quantum confinement and a significant improvement of the charge transport in the CdSe layer. The combination of the solution and ligand exchange of CdSe quantum dots, as well as the deposition and optimized annealing processes of this quantum dot layer, resulted in solar cells with an open-circuit voltage up to 0.6 V, a short circuit current of ~15 mA/cm2, an external quantum efficiency of 70 percent, and an energy conversion efficiency of 3.4 percent. This 3.4 percent efficiency is presently one of the best efficiencies obtained for this type of device. Title: Fundamental Properties of Functional Zinc Oxide Nanowires Obtained by Electrochemical Method and Their Device Applications Author: Nadarajah, Athavan Year: 2012 We report on the fundamental properties and device applications of semiconductor nanoparticles. ZnO nanowires and CdSe quantum dots were used, prepared, characterized, and assembled into novel light-emitting diodes and solar cells. ZnO nanowire films were grown electrochemically using aqueous soluble chloride-based electrolytes as precursors at temperatures below 90° C. Dopants were added to the electrolyte in the form of chloride compounds, which are AlCl3, CoCl2, CuCl2, and MnCl2. The optical, magnetic, and structural properties of undoped and transition-metal-ion doped ZnO nanowires were explored. Our results indicate that the as-grown nanowire structures have considerable internal strain, resulting in clearly visible lattice distortions in bright and dark-field transmission electron micrographs. Photo and electroluminescence studies indicate that the strain-induced defects strongly dominate any dopant-related effects. However, annealing at moderate temperature as well as laser annealing induces strain relaxation and leads to dopant activation. Hence, the optical and electrical properties of the nanowires significantly improve, allowing these nanowires to become feasible for use in the fabrication of solar cell and LED devices. In addition, the magnetic impurities incorporated into our ZnO nanowires show superparamagnetic behavior at room-temperature, while Al-doped and undoped ZnO nanowires show no magnetic behavior. The electroluminescence (EL) is achieved from a vertical hybrid p-n junction LED arrangement consisting of a hole-conducting polymer and n-type ZnO nanowires, our group was the first to report this vertical nanowire-based LED in Könenkamp et al., 2004 [12]. The observed EL spectra show an ultraviolet excitonic emission peak and a broad defect-related emission band in the visible range. After annealing at 380° C, the defect related EL peak exhibits a characteristic shift to higher wavelengths, where the magnitude of the shift is dependent on the dopant type. Aluminum incorporation exhibited the most improved exciton related-emission, leading to the emergence of a narrow excitonic luminescence peak around 390 nm, which is close to the bandgap of ZnO. The comparison of spectra obtained from temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) measurements, before and after thermal annealing, also indicates that the optical activity of impurities changes noticeably upon annealing. The internal quantum efficiency for PL is measured to be as high as 16 percent for Al-doped samples annealed at 380° C. The PL measurements also show that the excitonic luminescence is preferentially guided, while the defect related emission is more isotropically emitted. The nanostructured heterojunction solar cell is designed such that thin CdSe quantum dot films are embedded between a ZnO nanowire film and a hole-conducting polymer layer. This arrangement allows for enhanced light absorption and an efficient collection of photogenerated carriers. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the pyridine solution and 1,2- ethanedithiol ligand exchange processes of the quantum dots, deposition processes of this quantum dot layer, the conformality of this layer on deeply nanostructured samples, and the effect of a surfactant-aided thermal annealing process. Annealing creates a structural conversion of the quantum dot layers into an extremely thin continuous poly-crystalline film, with typical grain diameters of 30-50 nm. This transition is accompanied by a loss of quantum confinement and a significant improvement of the charge transport in the CdSe layer. The combination of the solution and ligand exchange of CdSe quantum dots, as well as the deposition and optimized annealing processes of this quantum dot layer, resulted in solar cells with an open-circuit voltage up to 0.6 V, a short circuit current of ~15 mA/cm2, an external quantum efficiency of 70 percent, and an energy conversion efficiency of 3.4 percent. This 3.4 percent efficiency is presently one of the best efficiencies obtained for this type of device. Close

• 14. [Article] Drug Delivery with Microsecond Laser Pulses into Gelatin

  Photo acoustic drug delivery is a technique for localized drug delivery by laser-induced hydrodynamic pressure following cavitation bubble expansion and collapse. Photoacoustic drug delivery was investigated ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Drug Delivery with Microsecond Laser Pulses into Gelatin Author: Shangguan, HanQun, Casperson, Lee W., Shearin, Alan, Gregory, Kenton W., Prahl, Scott A. Year: 1996 Photo acoustic drug delivery is a technique for localized drug delivery by laser-induced hydrodynamic pressure following cavitation bubble expansion and collapse. Photoacoustic drug delivery was investigated on gelatin-based thrombus models with planar and cylindrical geometries by use of one microsecond laser pulses. Solutions of a hydrophobic dye in mineral oil permitted monitoring of delivered colored oil into clear gelatin-based thrombus models. Cavitation bubble development and photoacoustic drug delivery were visualized with flash photography. This study demonstrated that cavitation is the governing mechanism for photoacoustic drug delivery, and the deepest penetration of colored oil in gels followed the bubble collapse. Spatial distribution measurements revealed that colored oil could be driven a few millimeters into the gels in both axial and radial directions, and the penetration was less than 500 µm when the gelatin structure was not fractured. Title: Drug Delivery with Microsecond Laser Pulses into Gelatin Author: Shangguan, HanQun, Casperson, Lee W., Shearin, Alan, Gregory, Kenton W., Prahl, Scott A. Year: 1996 Photo acoustic drug delivery is a technique for localized drug delivery by laser-induced hydrodynamic pressure following cavitation bubble expansion and collapse. Photoacoustic drug delivery was investigated on gelatin-based thrombus models with planar and cylindrical geometries by use of one microsecond laser pulses. Solutions of a hydrophobic dye in mineral oil permitted monitoring of delivered colored oil into clear gelatin-based thrombus models. Cavitation bubble development and photoacoustic drug delivery were visualized with flash photography. This study demonstrated that cavitation is the governing mechanism for photoacoustic drug delivery, and the deepest penetration of colored oil in gels followed the bubble collapse. Spatial distribution measurements revealed that colored oil could be driven a few millimeters into the gels in both axial and radial directions, and the penetration was less than 500 µm when the gelatin structure was not fractured. Close

• 15. [Article] Liking and disliking to be touched by staff as reported by female nursing and retirement home residents

  Touch--both touching another and being touched--is a primary form of communication. By old age, both the need and the desire for specific amounts and kinds of touching are well established for the individual. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Liking and disliking to be touched by staff as reported by female nursing and retirement home residents Author: Pintarich, Mary Beth Year: 1987 Touch--both touching another and being touched--is a primary form of communication. By old age, both the need and the desire for specific amounts and kinds of touching are well established for the individual. The present study was designed to obtain information about what elderly women in nursing and retirement homes report to be liked and disliked types of touching. Participants who volunteered for this study were 32 ambulatory females 65 years of age or older who were living in nursing or retirement homes. Each participant was shown a set of 20 photos and sketches depicting a staff person touching an elderly woman in various ways, and asked to rate their liking for the particular type of touching on a one to five scale ranging from "like very much" to "dislike very much." The set of photos and sketches included ten comparable scenes with one-half showing a male staff member and the other half showing a female staff member touching an elderly woman. Scenes included: foot massage, helping to stand, back rub, brushing hair, arm around shoulder, holding hand, helping to dress, stroking cheek, helping with toileting, and helping with a shower. Title: Liking and disliking to be touched by staff as reported by female nursing and retirement home residents Author: Pintarich, Mary Beth Year: 1987 Touch--both touching another and being touched--is a primary form of communication. By old age, both the need and the desire for specific amounts and kinds of touching are well established for the individual. The present study was designed to obtain information about what elderly women in nursing and retirement homes report to be liked and disliked types of touching. Participants who volunteered for this study were 32 ambulatory females 65 years of age or older who were living in nursing or retirement homes. Each participant was shown a set of 20 photos and sketches depicting a staff person touching an elderly woman in various ways, and asked to rate their liking for the particular type of touching on a one to five scale ranging from "like very much" to "dislike very much." The set of photos and sketches included ten comparable scenes with one-half showing a male staff member and the other half showing a female staff member touching an elderly woman. Scenes included: foot massage, helping to stand, back rub, brushing hair, arm around shoulder, holding hand, helping to dress, stroking cheek, helping with toileting, and helping with a shower. Close

• 16. [Article] A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: a Content Analysis of Self-Inflicted Face-ism on Instagram

  The purpose of this study was to explore potential gendered stereotypes by examining the facial prominence of male and female celebrities’ social media images. The face-ism theory evaluates the facial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: a Content Analysis of Self-Inflicted Face-ism on Instagram Author: Powell, Madeline Year: 2016 The purpose of this study was to explore potential gendered stereotypes by examining the facial prominence of male and female celebrities’ social media images. The face-ism theory evaluates the facial prominence of a depiction; higher facial prominence prompts viewers of media to assume the person they are observing is more intelligent and more likeable in general. In previous research men had higher facial prominence than women, which calls in to question the perpetuation of gendered stereotypes in media. This research is a content analysis of 300 self-selected Instagram photos, posted by the top 30 followed men and women celebrities on Instagram. The images were analyzed to test differences in facial prominence using the face-ism index to measure the head-body ratio of the men and women. The popularity of the images and the occupation of the celebrity were also coded. The results of this study found no difference in facial prominence between men and women, suggesting that celebrities' self-selected images do not replicate the gender-biased facial prominence seen in images that are selected for the celebrity in marketing, advertising, and film. However, facial prominence for both female and male celebrities was very low compared to other studies. This study also found that occupation and popularity have no relationship to the level of facial prominence. The implications for new media in regard to the face-ism theory should be explored further in additional research. Title: A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words: a Content Analysis of Self-Inflicted Face-ism on Instagram Author: Powell, Madeline Year: 2016 The purpose of this study was to explore potential gendered stereotypes by examining the facial prominence of male and female celebrities’ social media images. The face-ism theory evaluates the facial prominence of a depiction; higher facial prominence prompts viewers of media to assume the person they are observing is more intelligent and more likeable in general. In previous research men had higher facial prominence than women, which calls in to question the perpetuation of gendered stereotypes in media. This research is a content analysis of 300 self-selected Instagram photos, posted by the top 30 followed men and women celebrities on Instagram. The images were analyzed to test differences in facial prominence using the face-ism index to measure the head-body ratio of the men and women. The popularity of the images and the occupation of the celebrity were also coded. The results of this study found no difference in facial prominence between men and women, suggesting that celebrities' self-selected images do not replicate the gender-biased facial prominence seen in images that are selected for the celebrity in marketing, advertising, and film. However, facial prominence for both female and male celebrities was very low compared to other studies. This study also found that occupation and popularity have no relationship to the level of facial prominence. The implications for new media in regard to the face-ism theory should be explored further in additional research. Close

• 17. [Article] Constraining the Holocene Extent of the Northwest Meers Fault, Oklahoma Using High-Resolution Topography and Paleoseismic Trenching

  The Meers Fault (Oklahoma) is one of few seismogenic structures with Holocene surface expression in the stable continental region of North America. Only the ~37 km-long southeastern section of the ~55 ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Constraining the Holocene Extent of the Northwest Meers Fault, Oklahoma Using High-Resolution Topography and Paleoseismic Trenching Author: Hornsby, Kristofer Tyler Year: 2017 The Meers Fault (Oklahoma) is one of few seismogenic structures with Holocene surface expression in the stable continental region of North America. Only the ~37 km-long southeastern section of the ~55 km long Meers Fault is interpreted to be Holocene-active. The ~17 km-long northwestern section is considered to be Quaternary-active (pre-Holocene); however, its low-relief geomorphic expression and anthropogenic alteration have presented difficulties in evaluating the fault length and style of Holocene deformation. We reevaluate surface expression and earthquake timing of the northwestern portion of the Meers Fault to improve fault characterization, earthquake rupture models, and seismic hazard evaluations based on fault length. We use a combination of airborne lidar (0.5--2 m-resolution), historical aerial photos, and new balloon-based photogrammetric (Structure from Motion) topography (0.25--0.5 m-resolution) collected in this study to analyze and characterize the fault scarp and local fault zone geomorphology. In the northwest, complex surface deformation includes fault splays, a left step, subtle monoclinal warping, and a minor change in fault strike The fault is evident in the landscape as linear escarpments, incised channels on the up-thrown side of the scarp, and closed depressions on the downthrown side. I use topographic profiles, measured perpendicular to the fault scarp to show that the northwest scarp is characterized by decimeter surface offsets. Where the fault traverses the Post Oak Conglomerate the fault zone width rarely exceeds 25 m, in the Hennessey Shale I document an increase in fault zone width with deformation occurring over 20 m to 115 m. I further examined the northwest section of the fault in a paleoseismic excavation where weathered Permian Hennessey Shale and a ~1--2 m-thick veneer of Holocene alluvial deposits have been folded and warped during three surface-folding earthquakes. In an adjacent stream exposure these units are also faulted near the ground surface. Paleoearthquake age modeling (Oxcal) constrained by accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of detrital charcoal and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sandy alluvial beds indicates two earthquakes occurred since ~6152-5550 cal. years BP and one possibly older event along the erosional unconformity along the Hennessey Shale bedrock. This analysis lengthens the Holocene extent of the Meers Fault by ~6 km, to ~43 km, and extends the paleoseismic record of the Meers Fault to ~9598 cal. years BP. These data will improve fault-rupture and earthquake recurrence models used for seismic hazard analysis of the Meers Fault. Title: Constraining the Holocene Extent of the Northwest Meers Fault, Oklahoma Using High-Resolution Topography and Paleoseismic Trenching Author: Hornsby, Kristofer Tyler Year: 2017 The Meers Fault (Oklahoma) is one of few seismogenic structures with Holocene surface expression in the stable continental region of North America. Only the ~37 km-long southeastern section of the ~55 km long Meers Fault is interpreted to be Holocene-active. The ~17 km-long northwestern section is considered to be Quaternary-active (pre-Holocene); however, its low-relief geomorphic expression and anthropogenic alteration have presented difficulties in evaluating the fault length and style of Holocene deformation. We reevaluate surface expression and earthquake timing of the northwestern portion of the Meers Fault to improve fault characterization, earthquake rupture models, and seismic hazard evaluations based on fault length. We use a combination of airborne lidar (0.5--2 m-resolution), historical aerial photos, and new balloon-based photogrammetric (Structure from Motion) topography (0.25--0.5 m-resolution) collected in this study to analyze and characterize the fault scarp and local fault zone geomorphology. In the northwest, complex surface deformation includes fault splays, a left step, subtle monoclinal warping, and a minor change in fault strike The fault is evident in the landscape as linear escarpments, incised channels on the up-thrown side of the scarp, and closed depressions on the downthrown side. I use topographic profiles, measured perpendicular to the fault scarp to show that the northwest scarp is characterized by decimeter surface offsets. Where the fault traverses the Post Oak Conglomerate the fault zone width rarely exceeds 25 m, in the Hennessey Shale I document an increase in fault zone width with deformation occurring over 20 m to 115 m. I further examined the northwest section of the fault in a paleoseismic excavation where weathered Permian Hennessey Shale and a ~1--2 m-thick veneer of Holocene alluvial deposits have been folded and warped during three surface-folding earthquakes. In an adjacent stream exposure these units are also faulted near the ground surface. Paleoearthquake age modeling (Oxcal) constrained by accelerated mass spectrometry (AMS) dating of detrital charcoal and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sandy alluvial beds indicates two earthquakes occurred since ~6152-5550 cal. years BP and one possibly older event along the erosional unconformity along the Hennessey Shale bedrock. This analysis lengthens the Holocene extent of the Meers Fault by ~6 km, to ~43 km, and extends the paleoseismic record of the Meers Fault to ~9598 cal. years BP. These data will improve fault-rupture and earthquake recurrence models used for seismic hazard analysis of the Meers Fault. Close

• 18. [Article] Marketing Plan for the DJI Phantom 4 Follow-Me Drone Camera System

  Dajiang Innovation Technology Co. (DJI) was founded in 2006 as a hobbyist venture, but soon transformed into the world’s largest drone manufacturer. The company’s main aim is to develop a flying - camera ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Marketing Plan for the DJI Phantom 4 Follow-Me Drone Camera System Author: Deshpande, Tejas, Nigg, Donavon, Wehner, Nicole, Jirage, Rushikesh, Alkharboosh, Haitham Year: 2017 Dajiang Innovation Technology Co. (DJI) was founded in 2006 as a hobbyist venture, but soon transformed into the world’s largest drone manufacturer. The company’s main aim is to develop a flying - camera stabilization system - to capture amazing photos and video. DJI technology does more than simply enable creators. They push visionaries to go beyond the limits of what is thought possible, motivating them to inspire the world, a culture of constant innovation and curiosity, and a focus on transforming complex technology into easy-to-use devices. Building on the ethos of “form follows function,” DJI’s products combine advanced technology with dynamic designs. Title: Marketing Plan for the DJI Phantom 4 Follow-Me Drone Camera System Author: Deshpande, Tejas, Nigg, Donavon, Wehner, Nicole, Jirage, Rushikesh, Alkharboosh, Haitham Year: 2017 Dajiang Innovation Technology Co. (DJI) was founded in 2006 as a hobbyist venture, but soon transformed into the world’s largest drone manufacturer. The company’s main aim is to develop a flying - camera stabilization system - to capture amazing photos and video. DJI technology does more than simply enable creators. They push visionaries to go beyond the limits of what is thought possible, motivating them to inspire the world, a culture of constant innovation and curiosity, and a focus on transforming complex technology into easy-to-use devices. Building on the ethos of “form follows function,” DJI’s products combine advanced technology with dynamic designs. Close

• 19. [Article] HP Sprocket Marketing Plan

  HP Sprocket is a pocket-size photo printer, released in the market in September 2016. About the size of a smartphone, this Bluetooth printer goes anywhere. The Sprocket gives customers the ability to use ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: HP Sprocket Marketing Plan Author: Melendez, Alex Tacco, Singh, Anchal, Rosenthal, Janet, Vrushabhendra, Lipishree, Alzahrani, Saeed, Purwar, Shivani Year: 2017 HP Sprocket is a pocket-size photo printer, released in the market in September 2016. About the size of a smartphone, this Bluetooth printer goes anywhere. The Sprocket gives customers the ability to use their smartphone to take photos, with the added benefit of having a physical picture to keep forever. The Sprocket works with an App on a smartphone or a tablet. It instantly prints photos that are 2 X 3 inches and waterproof. With a peel able back, photos can turn into fun stickers. The Sprocket works with social media feeds, so you can incorporate text, emojis, filters and frames before you print. The Sprocket retails for $129.99 and replacement paper is $10 for 20 photo papers. The Sprocket is unique in that it does not require replacement ink. Instead, it uses Zink technology, and only requires the HP replacement photo paper. HP is counting on the Sprocket to boost their lagging printer sales. Currently, the printer market is stagnant. The introduction of the Sprocket boosted sales over the 2016 holidays season. So unexpectedly, that the Sprocket sold out. Although the competition is fierce, the Sprocket has edged out competitors to hold a slight market share lead. Based on App downloads, current market share is 38%. After implementation of the marketing plan, the Sprocket is projected to increase market share to 51% by the end of 2018. The Sprocket was originally marketed to the teenage girl demographic. There is a real opportunity for growth by pivoting to additional segments. The Sprocket will be promoted heavily in the category of women with children. This demographic holds the most opportunity, as they are making the majority of buying decisions as well as making gift purchases. The gifting opportunity will be promoted heavily during graduation season and Mother’s Day. To a lesser extent, the Sprocket will continue to be promoted to teenage girls, and additionally to the active senior population. Those seniors who are retired, use a smartphone, but would like to retain physical pictures. The Sprocket will be promoted through social media, with a separate campaign for each segment, as well as through tech fairs, SEO, and traditional advertising channels. The team will monitor these campaigns through a newly created marketing dashboard. In addition to an increase in sales, the marketing department will monitor customer satisfaction and customer engagement through on line reviews and online community engagement. The key success factors will be growth in sales, market share growth, and holiday sales growth. Title: HP Sprocket Marketing Plan Author: Melendez, Alex Tacco, Singh, Anchal, Rosenthal, Janet, Vrushabhendra, Lipishree, Alzahrani, Saeed, Purwar, Shivani Year: 2017 HP Sprocket is a pocket-size photo printer, released in the market in September 2016. About the size of a smartphone, this Bluetooth printer goes anywhere. The Sprocket gives customers the ability to use their smartphone to take photos, with the added benefit of having a physical picture to keep forever. The Sprocket works with an App on a smartphone or a tablet. It instantly prints photos that are 2 X 3 inches and waterproof. With a peel able back, photos can turn into fun stickers. The Sprocket works with social media feeds, so you can incorporate text, emojis, filters and frames before you print. The Sprocket retails for $129.99 and replacement paper is $10 for 20 photo papers. The Sprocket is unique in that it does not require replacement ink. Instead, it uses Zink technology, and only requires the HP replacement photo paper. HP is counting on the Sprocket to boost their lagging printer sales. Currently, the printer market is stagnant. The introduction of the Sprocket boosted sales over the 2016 holidays season. So unexpectedly, that the Sprocket sold out. Although the competition is fierce, the Sprocket has edged out competitors to hold a slight market share lead. Based on App downloads, current market share is 38%. After implementation of the marketing plan, the Sprocket is projected to increase market share to 51% by the end of 2018. The Sprocket was originally marketed to the teenage girl demographic. There is a real opportunity for growth by pivoting to additional segments. The Sprocket will be promoted heavily in the category of women with children. This demographic holds the most opportunity, as they are making the majority of buying decisions as well as making gift purchases. The gifting opportunity will be promoted heavily during graduation season and Mother’s Day. To a lesser extent, the Sprocket will continue to be promoted to teenage girls, and additionally to the active senior population. Those seniors who are retired, use a smartphone, but would like to retain physical pictures. The Sprocket will be promoted through social media, with a separate campaign for each segment, as well as through tech fairs, SEO, and traditional advertising channels. The team will monitor these campaigns through a newly created marketing dashboard. In addition to an increase in sales, the marketing department will monitor customer satisfaction and customer engagement through on line reviews and online community engagement. The key success factors will be growth in sales, market share growth, and holiday sales growth. Close

• 20. [Article] Opportunity Identification: Data Privacy of US Individuals

  In the fuzzy front end it is very important to assess thoroughly whether an opportunity for a new product exists. In order to perform such an analysis a good understanding of the voice of the customer ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Opportunity Identification: Data Privacy of US Individuals Author: Slevin-Vegdahl, Timothy, Zarrin, Soheil, Kain, Lisa, Schmidt, Joshua Year: 2015 In the fuzzy front end it is very important to assess thoroughly whether an opportunity for a new product exists. In order to perform such an analysis a good understanding of the voice of the customer and future trends is required. The Scope of this project is to explore the existence of an opportunity for a product that will provide data privacy for the individuals. In recent years the amount of data generated by an individuals has substantially increased[18], whether it be photos or check-in’s in Facebook, email correspondence, online purchases etc.; all this data could be available for anyone to use. Companies have been data mining in order to better advertise products that an individual is more likely to buy. The government has had the ability to monitor anyone’s data, from email correspondence to bank details. With all this data readily available for anyone, the issue of individual privacy needs to be considered. There have been laws that protect the security of sensitive data (ssn and bank account numbers), but other forms of data of an individual does not seem to have as much protection. In this paper we are going to try to understand the public perception of their data privacy and perceive whether customers are willing to pay for a product that will protect their privacy. The voice of customer technique was used by conducting Interviews and surveys; and analyzing the data obtained through Qualtrics. The Data was then put through the Opportunity Algorithm in order to find a quantifiable opportunity present in this area. Title: Opportunity Identification: Data Privacy of US Individuals Author: Slevin-Vegdahl, Timothy, Zarrin, Soheil, Kain, Lisa, Schmidt, Joshua Year: 2015 In the fuzzy front end it is very important to assess thoroughly whether an opportunity for a new product exists. In order to perform such an analysis a good understanding of the voice of the customer and future trends is required. The Scope of this project is to explore the existence of an opportunity for a product that will provide data privacy for the individuals. In recent years the amount of data generated by an individuals has substantially increased[18], whether it be photos or check-in’s in Facebook, email correspondence, online purchases etc.; all this data could be available for anyone to use. Companies have been data mining in order to better advertise products that an individual is more likely to buy. The government has had the ability to monitor anyone’s data, from email correspondence to bank details. With all this data readily available for anyone, the issue of individual privacy needs to be considered. There have been laws that protect the security of sensitive data (ssn and bank account numbers), but other forms of data of an individual does not seem to have as much protection. In this paper we are going to try to understand the public perception of their data privacy and perceive whether customers are willing to pay for a product that will protect their privacy. The voice of customer technique was used by conducting Interviews and surveys; and analyzing the data obtained through Qualtrics. The Data was then put through the Opportunity Algorithm in order to find a quantifiable opportunity present in this area. Close

• 21. [Article] Analyzing Experimental Data and Model Parameters: Implications for Predictions of SOA Using Chemical Transport Models

  Despite critical importance for air quality and climate predictions, accurate representation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation remains elusive. An essential addition to the ongoing discussion ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Analyzing Experimental Data and Model Parameters: Implications for Predictions of SOA Using Chemical Transport Models Author: Barsanti, Kelley, Carlton, Annmarie G., Chung, Serena H. Year: 2013 Despite critical importance for air quality and climate predictions, accurate representation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation remains elusive. An essential addition to the ongoing discussion of improving model predictions is an acknowledgement of the linkages between experimental conditions, parameter optimization and model output, as well as the linkage between empirically-derived partitioning parameters and the physicochemical properties of SOA they represent in models. In this work, a "best available" set of SOA modeling parameters is selected by comparing predicted SOA yields and mass concentrations with observed yields and mass concentrations from a comprehensive list of published smog chamber studies. Evaluated SOA model parameters include existing parameters for two product (2p) and volatility basis set (VBS) modeling frameworks, and new 2p-VBS parameters; 2p-VBS parameters are developed to exploit advantages of the VBS approach within the computationally-economical and widely-used 2p framework. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and SOA mass concentrations are simulated for the continental United States using CMAQv.4.7.1; results are compared for a base case (with default CMAQ parameters) and two best available parameter cases to illustrate the high- and low-NOx limits of biogenic SOA formation from monoterpenes. Results are discussed in terms of implications for current chemical transport model simulations and recommendations are provided for future modeling and measurement efforts. The comparisons of SOA yield predictions with data from 22 published chamber studies illustrate that: (1) SOA yields for naphthalene, and cyclic and > C5 straight-chain/branched alkanes are not well represented using either the newly developed or existing parameters for low-yield aromatics and lumped alkanes, respectively; and (2) for four of seven volatile organic compound+oxidant systems, the 2p-VBS parameters better represent chamber data than do the default CMAQ v.4.7.1 parameters. Using the "best available" parameters (combination of published 2p and newly derived 2p-VBS), predicted SOA mass and PM2.5 concentrations increase by up to 15% and 7%, respectively, for the high-NOxcase and up to 215% (~3 μg m−3) and 55%, respectively, for the low-NOx case. Percent bias between model-based and observationally-based secondary organic carbon (SOC) improved from −63% for the base case to −15% for the low-NOx case. The ability to robustly assign "best available" parameters in all volatile organic compound+oxidant systems, however, is critically limited due to insufficient data; particularly for photo-oxidation of diverse monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and alkanes under a range of atmospherically relevant conditions. Title: Analyzing Experimental Data and Model Parameters: Implications for Predictions of SOA Using Chemical Transport Models Author: Barsanti, Kelley, Carlton, Annmarie G., Chung, Serena H. Year: 2013 Despite critical importance for air quality and climate predictions, accurate representation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation remains elusive. An essential addition to the ongoing discussion of improving model predictions is an acknowledgement of the linkages between experimental conditions, parameter optimization and model output, as well as the linkage between empirically-derived partitioning parameters and the physicochemical properties of SOA they represent in models. In this work, a "best available" set of SOA modeling parameters is selected by comparing predicted SOA yields and mass concentrations with observed yields and mass concentrations from a comprehensive list of published smog chamber studies. Evaluated SOA model parameters include existing parameters for two product (2p) and volatility basis set (VBS) modeling frameworks, and new 2p-VBS parameters; 2p-VBS parameters are developed to exploit advantages of the VBS approach within the computationally-economical and widely-used 2p framework. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and SOA mass concentrations are simulated for the continental United States using CMAQv.4.7.1; results are compared for a base case (with default CMAQ parameters) and two best available parameter cases to illustrate the high- and low-NOx limits of biogenic SOA formation from monoterpenes. Results are discussed in terms of implications for current chemical transport model simulations and recommendations are provided for future modeling and measurement efforts. The comparisons of SOA yield predictions with data from 22 published chamber studies illustrate that: (1) SOA yields for naphthalene, and cyclic and > C5 straight-chain/branched alkanes are not well represented using either the newly developed or existing parameters for low-yield aromatics and lumped alkanes, respectively; and (2) for four of seven volatile organic compound+oxidant systems, the 2p-VBS parameters better represent chamber data than do the default CMAQ v.4.7.1 parameters. Using the "best available" parameters (combination of published 2p and newly derived 2p-VBS), predicted SOA mass and PM2.5 concentrations increase by up to 15% and 7%, respectively, for the high-NOxcase and up to 215% (~3 μg m−3) and 55%, respectively, for the low-NOx case. Percent bias between model-based and observationally-based secondary organic carbon (SOC) improved from −63% for the base case to −15% for the low-NOx case. The ability to robustly assign "best available" parameters in all volatile organic compound+oxidant systems, however, is critically limited due to insufficient data; particularly for photo-oxidation of diverse monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and alkanes under a range of atmospherically relevant conditions. Close

• 22. [Article] Resolution and Reconstitution of the Photosystem I Reaction Center: Structure and Function of the Terminal Electron Acceptor FA/FB Polypeptide

  The Photosystem I core protein containing P700, A₀, A₁, and Fx has been isolated from Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 and spinach Photosystem I complexes with 6.8 M urea followed by sucrose density ultracentrifugtion. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Resolution and Reconstitution of the Photosystem I Reaction Center: Structure and Function of the Terminal Electron Acceptor FA/FB Polypeptide Author: Mehari, Tetemke Year: 1990 The Photosystem I core protein containing P700, A₀, A₁, and Fx has been isolated from Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 and spinach Photosystem I complexes with 6.8 M urea followed by sucrose density ultracentrifugtion. The Photosystem I core protein has retained > 90% of Fx and 100% of P700 (determined by optical spectroscopy) but is totally devoid of iron-sulfur centers Fᴀ and Fв (determined by optical and ESR spectroscopy). SDS-PAGE indicates the retention of the 82-and 83-kDa reaction center polypeptides. The loss of Fᴀ and Fв is further reflected in the decline of acid labile sulfide from 11.8 ± 0.4 S²-/P700 in the Photosystem I complex to 4.6 ± 0.3 S²-/P700 in the Photosystem I core.protein. This preparation represents the first isolation of an intact reaction center core incorporating the redox centers P700 through Fx but totally lacking Fᴀ and Fʙ. Complete restoration of electron flow from P700 to Fᴀ/Fв was achieved by incubating a P700 and Fx-containing Photosystem I core protein with a freshly isolated 8.9-kDa, Fᴀ/Fв polypeptide. When illuminated during freezing, both Fᴀ and Fв become quantitatively reduced, and the ESR spectrum is nearly indistinguishable from Fᴀ and Fв in the control Photosystem I complex. In the reconstituted Photosystem I complex Fx is photochemically reduced only in the presence of Fᴀ- and Fв- and the broad high field resonance of Fx in the core protein appears upon reconstitution to be indistinguishable from Fx in the control Photosystem I complex. Optical flash photolysis after extensive washing confirms the complete restoration of the P700+ [Fᴀ/Fв]- backreaction, indicating quantitative rebinding of the 8.9-kOa polypeptide. This procedure.represents the first reconstitution of the Photosystem I complex from a purified Photosystem I core protein and a freshly isolated 8.9 kDa Fᴀ/Fв holoprotein, and makes possible independent manipulation of the two subunits that carry the entire electron acceptor system of Photosystem I. The Fᴀ/Fв iron-sulfur clusters in the 8.9 kDa polypeptide are easily degraded to the level of zero-valence sulfur during isolation from the Photosystem I complex. The level of degradation is minimized by working under anaerobic conditions and low temperature. It has been found that incubation of the purified Photosystem I core protein and the low molecular mass polypeptides (which includes the 8.9-kDa Fᴀ/Fв apoprotein) with a solution of FeCI₃, Na₂S and B-mercaptoethanol restores the light induced charge separation between P700 and Fᴀ/Fв. The optical and spectroscopic properties are indistinguishable from the control Photosystem one I complex. When a rebuilt spinach or Synechococcus sp. PeC 6301 Fᴀ/Fв polypeptide is rebound to a Photosystem I core protein from the same species, the reconstituted complexes show light-induced ESR spectra of Fᴀ/Fв with g-values identical to their respective controls. However, when the rebuilt spinach Fᴀ/Fв polypeptide is rebound to a Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 Photosystem I core protein, the hybrid spinach Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 Photo system complex shows a light-induced ESR spectrum of Fᴀ/Fв with g- values that differ slightly, but characteristically, from those of both spinach and Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 control complexes. The hybrid spinach-Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 Photosystem I complex was completely functional in light-induced charge separation between P700 and Fᴀ/Fв and showed a normal 30-ms room temperature charge recombination between P700+ and [Fᴀ/Fв]-. Accordingly, rebuilding of the Fᴀ and Fв iron-sulfur clusters is now possible and reconstitution of the Fᴀ/Fв holoprotein after chemical modification of the Fᴀ/Fв apoprotein or genetic modification of the psaC gene should reveal new findings about Photosystem I structure and function. Title: Resolution and Reconstitution of the Photosystem I Reaction Center: Structure and Function of the Terminal Electron Acceptor FA/FB Polypeptide Author: Mehari, Tetemke Year: 1990 The Photosystem I core protein containing P700, A₀, A₁, and Fx has been isolated from Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 and spinach Photosystem I complexes with 6.8 M urea followed by sucrose density ultracentrifugtion. The Photosystem I core protein has retained > 90% of Fx and 100% of P700 (determined by optical spectroscopy) but is totally devoid of iron-sulfur centers Fᴀ and Fв (determined by optical and ESR spectroscopy). SDS-PAGE indicates the retention of the 82-and 83-kDa reaction center polypeptides. The loss of Fᴀ and Fв is further reflected in the decline of acid labile sulfide from 11.8 ± 0.4 S²-/P700 in the Photosystem I complex to 4.6 ± 0.3 S²-/P700 in the Photosystem I core.protein. This preparation represents the first isolation of an intact reaction center core incorporating the redox centers P700 through Fx but totally lacking Fᴀ and Fʙ. Complete restoration of electron flow from P700 to Fᴀ/Fв was achieved by incubating a P700 and Fx-containing Photosystem I core protein with a freshly isolated 8.9-kDa, Fᴀ/Fв polypeptide. When illuminated during freezing, both Fᴀ and Fв become quantitatively reduced, and the ESR spectrum is nearly indistinguishable from Fᴀ and Fв in the control Photosystem I complex. In the reconstituted Photosystem I complex Fx is photochemically reduced only in the presence of Fᴀ- and Fв- and the broad high field resonance of Fx in the core protein appears upon reconstitution to be indistinguishable from Fx in the control Photosystem I complex. Optical flash photolysis after extensive washing confirms the complete restoration of the P700+ [Fᴀ/Fв]- backreaction, indicating quantitative rebinding of the 8.9-kOa polypeptide. This procedure.represents the first reconstitution of the Photosystem I complex from a purified Photosystem I core protein and a freshly isolated 8.9 kDa Fᴀ/Fв holoprotein, and makes possible independent manipulation of the two subunits that carry the entire electron acceptor system of Photosystem I. The Fᴀ/Fв iron-sulfur clusters in the 8.9 kDa polypeptide are easily degraded to the level of zero-valence sulfur during isolation from the Photosystem I complex. The level of degradation is minimized by working under anaerobic conditions and low temperature. It has been found that incubation of the purified Photosystem I core protein and the low molecular mass polypeptides (which includes the 8.9-kDa Fᴀ/Fв apoprotein) with a solution of FeCI₃, Na₂S and B-mercaptoethanol restores the light induced charge separation between P700 and Fᴀ/Fв. The optical and spectroscopic properties are indistinguishable from the control Photosystem one I complex. When a rebuilt spinach or Synechococcus sp. PeC 6301 Fᴀ/Fв polypeptide is rebound to a Photosystem I core protein from the same species, the reconstituted complexes show light-induced ESR spectra of Fᴀ/Fв with g-values identical to their respective controls. However, when the rebuilt spinach Fᴀ/Fв polypeptide is rebound to a Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 Photosystem I core protein, the hybrid spinach Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 Photo system complex shows a light-induced ESR spectrum of Fᴀ/Fв with g- values that differ slightly, but characteristically, from those of both spinach and Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 control complexes. The hybrid spinach-Synechococcus sp. PCC 6301 Photosystem I complex was completely functional in light-induced charge separation between P700 and Fᴀ/Fв and showed a normal 30-ms room temperature charge recombination between P700+ and [Fᴀ/Fв]-. Accordingly, rebuilding of the Fᴀ and Fв iron-sulfur clusters is now possible and reconstitution of the Fᴀ/Fв holoprotein after chemical modification of the Fᴀ/Fв apoprotein or genetic modification of the psaC gene should reveal new findings about Photosystem I structure and function. Close

• 23. [Article] Netarts Bay, Oregon: an assessment of human impact on an estuarine system

  Problems associated with planning the future use of estuarine areas stem from: A lack of knowledge on the critical aspects of the system. Inability to predict the future changes which will occur within ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Netarts Bay, Oregon: an assessment of human impact on an estuarine system Author: McCallum, Larry D. Year: 1977 Problems associated with planning the future use of estuarine areas stem from: A lack of knowledge on the critical aspects of the system. Inability to predict the future changes which will occur within the system in order to effectively manage the resource base. These difficulties lie in the fact that changes within the system occur because of both "natural" and "cultural" conditions. The thesis hypothesis and subsequent research is to describe the physical changes that have occurred within the Netarts system, primarily due to man's impact. Types of data gathered for the analysis includes that on historical and current land use activities, current research findings on system characteristics, and independent research on shoreline changes and vegetation composition. Much of the historical data were taken from early manuscripts and publications. Current research data were obtained from several engineering studies of the bay, as well as a baseline study of Netarts funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation and Oregon State University. This study included an inventory of man's utilization of the resource base. Methods utilized in data analysis included aerial photo-interpretation, planimetric measurement of shoreline and vegetative alterations, and on-site inventory of current shoreline and vegetation changes. Results of the research have shown that it is possible to measure and describe changes within the Netarts Bay system. Specific findings include: A decrease in sandspit volume of nine percent between 1942 and 1974 due to construction of a boat basin and fill. Occurrence of marsh progradation in all marsh areas with sedge and low sand type showing the greatest increases between 1939-1962. A decrease in rate of marsh progradation from 1962-1974. A total decrease in tidal prism of the bay between 1957-1969 as measured by cross sectional areas. The rate of decrease is occurring at a faster rate south of the mouth of Whiskey Creek. Destruction of Chum salmon fisheries and native oyster populations due to over-harvesting and siltation. Destruction of Gaper clam beds along the eastern shore of the bay and increased erosion of the shore, due to road fill and road construction. The results of the research and subsequent findings show that it is possible to describe an estuary as a "system" that has applicability for future development of a land and water use model for an estuary. Title: Netarts Bay, Oregon: an assessment of human impact on an estuarine system Author: McCallum, Larry D. Year: 1977 Problems associated with planning the future use of estuarine areas stem from: A lack of knowledge on the critical aspects of the system. Inability to predict the future changes which will occur within the system in order to effectively manage the resource base. These difficulties lie in the fact that changes within the system occur because of both "natural" and "cultural" conditions. The thesis hypothesis and subsequent research is to describe the physical changes that have occurred within the Netarts system, primarily due to man's impact. Types of data gathered for the analysis includes that on historical and current land use activities, current research findings on system characteristics, and independent research on shoreline changes and vegetation composition. Much of the historical data were taken from early manuscripts and publications. Current research data were obtained from several engineering studies of the bay, as well as a baseline study of Netarts funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation and Oregon State University. This study included an inventory of man's utilization of the resource base. Methods utilized in data analysis included aerial photo-interpretation, planimetric measurement of shoreline and vegetative alterations, and on-site inventory of current shoreline and vegetation changes. Results of the research have shown that it is possible to measure and describe changes within the Netarts Bay system. Specific findings include: A decrease in sandspit volume of nine percent between 1942 and 1974 due to construction of a boat basin and fill. Occurrence of marsh progradation in all marsh areas with sedge and low sand type showing the greatest increases between 1939-1962. A decrease in rate of marsh progradation from 1962-1974. A total decrease in tidal prism of the bay between 1957-1969 as measured by cross sectional areas. The rate of decrease is occurring at a faster rate south of the mouth of Whiskey Creek. Destruction of Chum salmon fisheries and native oyster populations due to over-harvesting and siltation. Destruction of Gaper clam beds along the eastern shore of the bay and increased erosion of the shore, due to road fill and road construction. The results of the research and subsequent findings show that it is possible to describe an estuary as a "system" that has applicability for future development of a land and water use model for an estuary. Close

• 24. [Article] Development of a Direct, Low Pressure, Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurement Technique for NO2., Ambient Measurements and Urban NOx Chemistry

  Nitrogen oxides control the global formation of ozone in the lower atmosphere and influence the much higher levels of ozone formed in areas subjected to photochemical air pollution. As an important member ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Development of a Direct, Low Pressure, Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurement Technique for NO2., Ambient Measurements and Urban NOx Chemistry Author: George, Linda Acha Year: 1991 Nitrogen oxides control the global formation of ozone in the lower atmosphere and influence the much higher levels of ozone formed in areas subjected to photochemical air pollution. As an important member of the nitrogen oxide family, N02 plays a significant role in serving as the only known source of ozone (through photolysis) in the lower atmosphere and as sink for HO via the formation of nitric acid. Ozone can be destroyed by reaction with another member of the nitrogen oxide family, nitric oxide (NO), to reform N02. This cycle between NO, N02 and 03 is known as the NOx-03 photostationary state (PSS). Imbalances in this cycle have been used to calculate ambient levels of oxidants (such as R02 and H02) responsible for ozone production. Consequently, accurate N02 measurements are critical to making meaningful measurements of the imbalances in the NOx-03 photostationary states (PSS). A low pressure laser-excited fluorescence technique (FAGE) for the direct determination of atmospheric N02 has been developed. This technique has been explored with both a Nd-YAG laser (1.4 W, 532nm, 30Hz) and a Cu-vapor (1.2 W, 511nm, 5.6kHz) laser. The detection limits for these instruments, under laboratory conditions and a signal collection time of 20s (lOs each signal and background), have been determined to be 450 and 350pptv N02, respectively. In these systems, the background was measured by chemically reducing N02 with FeS04°7H20. Ambient measurements of the NOx-03 photostationary state (PSS) were undertaken on a rooftop monitoring site in downtown Portland, Oregon. N02 was monitored with the Cu-vapor system. Nitric oxide and ozone were monitored with standard instruments. Data for three days in 1990 are presented. Overall these data sets clearly show that despite daily changes in concentration of NO, N02 and 0 3 of factors of 4-10 each, the PSS remains relatively constant to within -50%. This is in itself strong confIrmation of the primary importance of the NOx-03 photo stationary state in controlling the concentrations of these species at these levels. In addition, these experiments also serve to demonstrate that the monitoring instruments, including FAGE-N02, are not subject to serious interferences or artifacts at these concentration levels. Title: Development of a Direct, Low Pressure, Laser-Induced Fluorescence Measurement Technique for NO2., Ambient Measurements and Urban NOx Chemistry Author: George, Linda Acha Year: 1991 Nitrogen oxides control the global formation of ozone in the lower atmosphere and influence the much higher levels of ozone formed in areas subjected to photochemical air pollution. As an important member of the nitrogen oxide family, N02 plays a significant role in serving as the only known source of ozone (through photolysis) in the lower atmosphere and as sink for HO via the formation of nitric acid. Ozone can be destroyed by reaction with another member of the nitrogen oxide family, nitric oxide (NO), to reform N02. This cycle between NO, N02 and 03 is known as the NOx-03 photostationary state (PSS). Imbalances in this cycle have been used to calculate ambient levels of oxidants (such as R02 and H02) responsible for ozone production. Consequently, accurate N02 measurements are critical to making meaningful measurements of the imbalances in the NOx-03 photostationary states (PSS). A low pressure laser-excited fluorescence technique (FAGE) for the direct determination of atmospheric N02 has been developed. This technique has been explored with both a Nd-YAG laser (1.4 W, 532nm, 30Hz) and a Cu-vapor (1.2 W, 511nm, 5.6kHz) laser. The detection limits for these instruments, under laboratory conditions and a signal collection time of 20s (lOs each signal and background), have been determined to be 450 and 350pptv N02, respectively. In these systems, the background was measured by chemically reducing N02 with FeS04°7H20. Ambient measurements of the NOx-03 photostationary state (PSS) were undertaken on a rooftop monitoring site in downtown Portland, Oregon. N02 was monitored with the Cu-vapor system. Nitric oxide and ozone were monitored with standard instruments. Data for three days in 1990 are presented. Overall these data sets clearly show that despite daily changes in concentration of NO, N02 and 0 3 of factors of 4-10 each, the PSS remains relatively constant to within -50%. This is in itself strong confIrmation of the primary importance of the NOx-03 photo stationary state in controlling the concentrations of these species at these levels. In addition, these experiments also serve to demonstrate that the monitoring instruments, including FAGE-N02, are not subject to serious interferences or artifacts at these concentration levels. Close

• 25. [Article] Behavioral Temperature Regulation in the Turtle Pseudemys Scripta Elegans

  A group of red-eared turtles (Pseudemys scripta elegans) was acclimated to 18-20˚C and artificial photo-period for 21 days. The animals were then individually placed in a thermal gradient and their selected ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Behavioral Temperature Regulation in the Turtle Pseudemys Scripta Elegans Author: Johnston, Michael H. Year: 1977 A group of red-eared turtles (Pseudemys scripta elegans) was acclimated to 18-20˚C and artificial photo-period for 21 days. The animals were then individually placed in a thermal gradient and their selected temperatures were continuously recorded for 24 hours. A second group of turtles was acclimatized to 7.5-11.0˚C and natural photoperiods for 28 days, and subsequently tested in the same manner as the first group. Lastly, the turtles in the first group, after being acclimated to 3.0˚C and the previous artificial photoperiod for 14 days, were retested in the gradient. Title: Behavioral Temperature Regulation in the Turtle Pseudemys Scripta Elegans Author: Johnston, Michael H. Year: 1977 A group of red-eared turtles (Pseudemys scripta elegans) was acclimated to 18-20˚C and artificial photo-period for 21 days. The animals were then individually placed in a thermal gradient and their selected temperatures were continuously recorded for 24 hours. A second group of turtles was acclimatized to 7.5-11.0˚C and natural photoperiods for 28 days, and subsequently tested in the same manner as the first group. Lastly, the turtles in the first group, after being acclimated to 3.0˚C and the previous artificial photoperiod for 14 days, were retested in the gradient. Close

• 26. [Article] The electronic instrumentation for atmospheric laser propagation studies

  The use of laser radiation in atmospheric communication systems is revealing new forms of signal degradation not previously encountered with lower frequency transmitting sources. The coherence and directivity ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The electronic instrumentation for atmospheric laser propagation studies Author: Brown, Clyde Manford Year: 1968 The use of laser radiation in atmospheric communication systems is revealing new forms of signal degradation not previously encountered with lower frequency transmitting sources. The coherence and directivity of the laser which is responsible for its increased signal capacity is degraded by the effect of atmospheric distortion. Random fluctuations in the index of refraction (turbulence), Rayleigh scattering, aerosol scattering and other atmospheric effects create fluctuations (boiling, breathing, dancing, attenuation, transit-time dispersion, etc.) within the beam cross section, which when received produce random fluctuations in the receiver output signal. The two systems which are described, are designed to investigate the effect of atmospheric distortions on the amplitude and phase (or transit time) of the laser beam. The Scintillation System was designed for real-time determination of amplitude scintillation statistics. The system will be incorporated into a multi-wavelength, multi-range experiment for comparison of theoretical and experimental meteorological and optical data. The system includes a laser transmitter, an atmospheric path over which the beam is allowed to diverge to a three-foot cross section, a pair of photomultipliers with variable spacing and small sampling apertures, an analog "scintillation computer," and a recording device. The scintillation computer is a real time, special purpose, analog computer designed to compute the variance and covariance of log amplitude, the probability distribution of log amplitude, and the frequency spectrum of the amplitude scintillation. The system permits the recording of these data as a function of transmitter and receiver aperture, and time. The Short Pulse Distortion System is designed to detect pulse distortion due to transit-time dispersion of the laser beam. The system includes a mode-locked laser (i.e., the optical short pulse generator), a large transmitting aperture (a Cassegrainian telescope), the atmospheric path, a wideband receiver, a sampling oscilloscope, the "Pulse Distortion Analyzer," and a high-quality tape recorder. The Pulse Distortion Analyzer is designed to compare the transmitted pulses to recorded reference pulses and to detect differential area due to time dispersion. The analyzer includes a novel, feed forward, automatic gain control circuit which utilizes a linear photo detector and an analog divider to smooth a 300Hz signal with a 100 microsecond response time. This is necessary to smooth out the signal amplitude fluctuations due to atmospheric turbulence effects. Both systems have been set up and tested on a one-mile path between the Oregon Graduate Center and Skyline Drive in Portland Oregon, using a 6328Å He-Ne Laser. The ultimate use of the scintillation computer will be in a multi-wave-length experiment conducted for the Office of Naval Research, and will utilize a uniform, meteorologically instrumented path for comparison with theoretical predictions. The Pulse Distortion System will be incorporated into a joint experiment with the Electro-optic Organization of Sylvania Electronic Systems, Inc., Mountain View, California, to be conducted over a seven-mile path. Title: The electronic instrumentation for atmospheric laser propagation studies Author: Brown, Clyde Manford Year: 1968 The use of laser radiation in atmospheric communication systems is revealing new forms of signal degradation not previously encountered with lower frequency transmitting sources. The coherence and directivity of the laser which is responsible for its increased signal capacity is degraded by the effect of atmospheric distortion. Random fluctuations in the index of refraction (turbulence), Rayleigh scattering, aerosol scattering and other atmospheric effects create fluctuations (boiling, breathing, dancing, attenuation, transit-time dispersion, etc.) within the beam cross section, which when received produce random fluctuations in the receiver output signal. The two systems which are described, are designed to investigate the effect of atmospheric distortions on the amplitude and phase (or transit time) of the laser beam. The Scintillation System was designed for real-time determination of amplitude scintillation statistics. The system will be incorporated into a multi-wavelength, multi-range experiment for comparison of theoretical and experimental meteorological and optical data. The system includes a laser transmitter, an atmospheric path over which the beam is allowed to diverge to a three-foot cross section, a pair of photomultipliers with variable spacing and small sampling apertures, an analog "scintillation computer," and a recording device. The scintillation computer is a real time, special purpose, analog computer designed to compute the variance and covariance of log amplitude, the probability distribution of log amplitude, and the frequency spectrum of the amplitude scintillation. The system permits the recording of these data as a function of transmitter and receiver aperture, and time. The Short Pulse Distortion System is designed to detect pulse distortion due to transit-time dispersion of the laser beam. The system includes a mode-locked laser (i.e., the optical short pulse generator), a large transmitting aperture (a Cassegrainian telescope), the atmospheric path, a wideband receiver, a sampling oscilloscope, the "Pulse Distortion Analyzer," and a high-quality tape recorder. The Pulse Distortion Analyzer is designed to compare the transmitted pulses to recorded reference pulses and to detect differential area due to time dispersion. The analyzer includes a novel, feed forward, automatic gain control circuit which utilizes a linear photo detector and an analog divider to smooth a 300Hz signal with a 100 microsecond response time. This is necessary to smooth out the signal amplitude fluctuations due to atmospheric turbulence effects. Both systems have been set up and tested on a one-mile path between the Oregon Graduate Center and Skyline Drive in Portland Oregon, using a 6328Å He-Ne Laser. The ultimate use of the scintillation computer will be in a multi-wave-length experiment conducted for the Office of Naval Research, and will utilize a uniform, meteorologically instrumented path for comparison with theoretical predictions. The Pulse Distortion System will be incorporated into a joint experiment with the Electro-optic Organization of Sylvania Electronic Systems, Inc., Mountain View, California, to be conducted over a seven-mile path. Close

• 27. [Article] Site Fidelity, Associations and Long-Term Bonds of Short-Finned Pilot Whales off the Island of Hawai`i

  Short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) are the most frequently sighted odontocete in a long-term study in Hawaiʹi (representing 23.8% of all odontocete sightings from directed research ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Site Fidelity, Associations and Long-Term Bonds of Short-Finned Pilot Whales off the Island of Hawai`i Author: Mahaffy, Sabre D. Year: 2012 Short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) are the most frequently sighted odontocete in a long-term study in Hawaiʹi (representing 23.8% of all odontocete sightings from directed research efforts), yet little has been published on this species in Hawaiian waters. Studies elsewhere have suggested that short-finned pilot whales travel in stable mixed-sex groups composed of strongly associated individuals; however temporal analyses of social structure are lacking. To examine site fidelity, association patterns and temporal relationships, I analyzed data from 267 directed research and opportunistic encounters of short-finned pilot whales off the island of Hawai`i from 2003 through 2007. Sightings occurred year-round. Analysis of sighting depths in relation to effort indicated short-finned pilot whales are strongly associated with the island slope, with no sightings in water >2,700m deep despite effort to ~5,000m. Using only good quality photos, I identified 448 distinctive individuals; of these, 305 (68.1%) were seen more than once and 250 (55.8%) were seen in >1 year. Sighting histories varied from 1-29 sightings per individual (median=3) over the course of the study, suggesting only some individuals exhibit high site-fidelity. Degree of residency was assessed using multi-year site fidelity to the study area; individuals seen ≥5 times in ≥3 years were considered core residents (154 individuals) while individuals who fell below these criteria but that were seen more than once were termed residents (150 individuals) and those seen on a single occasion were termed visitors (142 individuals). Only 71.9% of the whales were linked by association into a single social network, suggesting the possibility of multiple populations using the study area. Individuals demonstrated preferential associations and community division was strongly supported by average-linkage hierarchical cluster analysis of the association data. Nine longitudinally-stable social units composed of key individuals (seen together ≥8 times in ≥4 years) and their constant companions (seen together ≥5 times in ≥3 years) were identified (unit membership 5-16, median=10.5; mean unit association index: 0.62-0.90). Qualitative assignment of age and sex classes to unit members indicated some segregation between adult males and female/calf pairs may occur. Temporal analysis using standardized lagged association rates of individuals grouped in the same encounter produced a best-fit model where dyads gradually disassociated over time while individuals grouped in the same day produced a model where dyads remained in association, suggesting companions not documented during an encounter are likely still present in the study area. Differential patterns of residency and site fidelity were unexpected and may be indicative of multiple populations around the main Hawaiian Islands. Additionally, the presence of a core resident population demonstrating strong, long-term site-fidelity and associations off the island of Hawaiʹi may warrant special management considerations. Evidence of fisheries-related injuries in addition to anthropogenic threats such as high levels of commercial and recreational vessel traffic, targeted tourist activities, and commercial and sports troll fisheries indicate that additional research is needed to evaluate potential threats to this island-associated population. Title: Site Fidelity, Associations and Long-Term Bonds of Short-Finned Pilot Whales off the Island of Hawai`i Author: Mahaffy, Sabre D. Year: 2012 Short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus) are the most frequently sighted odontocete in a long-term study in Hawaiʹi (representing 23.8% of all odontocete sightings from directed research efforts), yet little has been published on this species in Hawaiian waters. Studies elsewhere have suggested that short-finned pilot whales travel in stable mixed-sex groups composed of strongly associated individuals; however temporal analyses of social structure are lacking. To examine site fidelity, association patterns and temporal relationships, I analyzed data from 267 directed research and opportunistic encounters of short-finned pilot whales off the island of Hawai`i from 2003 through 2007. Sightings occurred year-round. Analysis of sighting depths in relation to effort indicated short-finned pilot whales are strongly associated with the island slope, with no sightings in water >2,700m deep despite effort to ~5,000m. Using only good quality photos, I identified 448 distinctive individuals; of these, 305 (68.1%) were seen more than once and 250 (55.8%) were seen in >1 year. Sighting histories varied from 1-29 sightings per individual (median=3) over the course of the study, suggesting only some individuals exhibit high site-fidelity. Degree of residency was assessed using multi-year site fidelity to the study area; individuals seen ≥5 times in ≥3 years were considered core residents (154 individuals) while individuals who fell below these criteria but that were seen more than once were termed residents (150 individuals) and those seen on a single occasion were termed visitors (142 individuals). Only 71.9% of the whales were linked by association into a single social network, suggesting the possibility of multiple populations using the study area. Individuals demonstrated preferential associations and community division was strongly supported by average-linkage hierarchical cluster analysis of the association data. Nine longitudinally-stable social units composed of key individuals (seen together ≥8 times in ≥4 years) and their constant companions (seen together ≥5 times in ≥3 years) were identified (unit membership 5-16, median=10.5; mean unit association index: 0.62-0.90). Qualitative assignment of age and sex classes to unit members indicated some segregation between adult males and female/calf pairs may occur. Temporal analysis using standardized lagged association rates of individuals grouped in the same encounter produced a best-fit model where dyads gradually disassociated over time while individuals grouped in the same day produced a model where dyads remained in association, suggesting companions not documented during an encounter are likely still present in the study area. Differential patterns of residency and site fidelity were unexpected and may be indicative of multiple populations around the main Hawaiian Islands. Additionally, the presence of a core resident population demonstrating strong, long-term site-fidelity and associations off the island of Hawaiʹi may warrant special management considerations. Evidence of fisheries-related injuries in addition to anthropogenic threats such as high levels of commercial and recreational vessel traffic, targeted tourist activities, and commercial and sports troll fisheries indicate that additional research is needed to evaluate potential threats to this island-associated population. Close

• 28. [Article] Oxygen Demand Trends, Land Cover Change, and Water Quality Management for an Urbanizing Oregon Watershed

  In-stream aquatic habitat depends on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen. Human alteration of the landscape has an extensive influence on the biogeochemical processes that drive oxygen cycling in streams. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oxygen Demand Trends, Land Cover Change, and Water Quality Management for an Urbanizing Oregon Watershed Author: Boeder, Michael Karl Year: 2006 In-stream aquatic habitat depends on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen. Human alteration of the landscape has an extensive influence on the biogeochemical processes that drive oxygen cycling in streams. Historic datasets allow researchers to track trends in chemical parameters concomitant with urbanization, while land cover change analysis allows researchers to identify linkages between water quality trends and landscape change. Using the Seasonal Kendall's test, I examined water quality trends in oxygen demand variables during the mid-1990s to 2003, for twelve sites in the Rock Creek sub-watershed of the Tualatin River, northwest Oregon. Significant trends occurred in each parameter. Dissolved oxygen (DO (%sat)) increased at five sites. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased at seven sites. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) decreased at five sites and increased at one site. Ammonium (NH3-N) decreased at one site and increased at one site. Multiple linear regression indicates that nitrogenous oxygen demand accounts for a significant amount of variance in COD at ten of the twelve sites (adjusted R2values from 0.14 to 0.73). Aerial photo interpretation revealed significant land cover change in agricultural land cover (-8% for the entire basin area) and residential land cover (+10% for the entire basin area). Correlation results between seasonal oxygen demand data and land cover values at multiple scales indicated that: (I) forest cover negatively influences COD at the full sub-basin scale and positively influences NH3-N at local scales, (2) residential land cover positively influences DO (%sat) values at local scales, (3) agricultural land cover does not influence oxygen demand at any land cover assessment scale, ( 4) local topography negatively influences TKN and NH3-N, and (5) urban runoff management infrastructure correlates positively with COD. Study results indicate that, with the exception of forested land, local scale land cover and landscape variables dominate influence on oxygen demand in the Rock Creek basin. Since DO conditions have improved in these streams, watershed management efforts should emphasize local influences in order to continue to maintain stream health. Title: Oxygen Demand Trends, Land Cover Change, and Water Quality Management for an Urbanizing Oregon Watershed Author: Boeder, Michael Karl Year: 2006 In-stream aquatic habitat depends on adequate levels of dissolved oxygen. Human alteration of the landscape has an extensive influence on the biogeochemical processes that drive oxygen cycling in streams. Historic datasets allow researchers to track trends in chemical parameters concomitant with urbanization, while land cover change analysis allows researchers to identify linkages between water quality trends and landscape change. Using the Seasonal Kendall's test, I examined water quality trends in oxygen demand variables during the mid-1990s to 2003, for twelve sites in the Rock Creek sub-watershed of the Tualatin River, northwest Oregon. Significant trends occurred in each parameter. Dissolved oxygen (DO (%sat)) increased at five sites. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) decreased at seven sites. Total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) decreased at five sites and increased at one site. Ammonium (NH3-N) decreased at one site and increased at one site. Multiple linear regression indicates that nitrogenous oxygen demand accounts for a significant amount of variance in COD at ten of the twelve sites (adjusted R2values from 0.14 to 0.73). Aerial photo interpretation revealed significant land cover change in agricultural land cover (-8% for the entire basin area) and residential land cover (+10% for the entire basin area). Correlation results between seasonal oxygen demand data and land cover values at multiple scales indicated that: (I) forest cover negatively influences COD at the full sub-basin scale and positively influences NH3-N at local scales, (2) residential land cover positively influences DO (%sat) values at local scales, (3) agricultural land cover does not influence oxygen demand at any land cover assessment scale, ( 4) local topography negatively influences TKN and NH3-N, and (5) urban runoff management infrastructure correlates positively with COD. Study results indicate that, with the exception of forested land, local scale land cover and landscape variables dominate influence on oxygen demand in the Rock Creek basin. Since DO conditions have improved in these streams, watershed management efforts should emphasize local influences in order to continue to maintain stream health. Close

• 29. [Article] A translation of Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov's Opisanie zemli Kamchatki (The description of the land of Kamchatka) by E.A.P. Crownhart Vaughan

  This thesis is the only complete and unabridged English translation of Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov’s Opisanie Zemli Kamchatki (The Description of the Land of Kamchatka), first published in 1755 by ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A translation of Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov's Opisanie zemli Kamchatki (The description of the land of Kamchatka) by E.A.P. Crownhart Vaughan Author: Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich Year: 1970 This thesis is the only complete and unabridged English translation of Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov’s Opisanie Zemli Kamchatki (The Description of the Land of Kamchatka), first published in 1755 by the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Krasheninnikov (1711-1755) was a member of the Second Bering Expedition (1733-1741), one of the most ambitious scientific expeditions of any age. Its purpose was sixfold: 1) to explore and map Siberia; 2) to establish whether Asia and America were separated by water; 3) to explore Kamchatka; 4) to chart all waters between Kamchatka, America and Japan; 5) to map the entire Arctic coast from the White Sea around to the mouth of the Kamchatka River; 6) to explore the northwest coast of America. Krasheninnikov, a young Russian student when the explorations began, was assigned to assist the distinguished expedition scientists from the Academy of Sciences. As the years went by and his abilities became manifest he was assigned the responsibility of exploring and describing Kamchatka. Still in his mid-twenties, he walked, worked and recorded three and a half years of scientific notes about this still forbidding land. He included detailed descriptions of the geography and natural history of Kamchatka, ethnographic studies of the native tribes and their language, customs, appearance, beliefs and way of life, and the history of Kamchatka from the first Russian penetration late in the seventeenth century. His work is a great scientific tour de force which remains the classic treatise on Kamchatka. Although Opisanie Zemli Kamchatki has been published several times in Russia and has been translated into German and French, the only previous English translation is an interesting but very free and drastically abridged version by James Grieve, a Scottish physician in Russian service, which was published in London in 1764 and reissued by photo offset in Chicago in 1962. The present annotated translation includes an introduction which gives some background on Russian eastward expansion, the fur trade, and the two Bering expeditions. A bibliography is appended. Title: A translation of Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov's Opisanie zemli Kamchatki (The description of the land of Kamchatka) by E.A.P. Crownhart Vaughan Author: Krasheninnikov, Stepan Petrovich Year: 1970 This thesis is the only complete and unabridged English translation of Stepan Petrovich Krasheninnikov’s Opisanie Zemli Kamchatki (The Description of the Land of Kamchatka), first published in 1755 by the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg. Krasheninnikov (1711-1755) was a member of the Second Bering Expedition (1733-1741), one of the most ambitious scientific expeditions of any age. Its purpose was sixfold: 1) to explore and map Siberia; 2) to establish whether Asia and America were separated by water; 3) to explore Kamchatka; 4) to chart all waters between Kamchatka, America and Japan; 5) to map the entire Arctic coast from the White Sea around to the mouth of the Kamchatka River; 6) to explore the northwest coast of America. Krasheninnikov, a young Russian student when the explorations began, was assigned to assist the distinguished expedition scientists from the Academy of Sciences. As the years went by and his abilities became manifest he was assigned the responsibility of exploring and describing Kamchatka. Still in his mid-twenties, he walked, worked and recorded three and a half years of scientific notes about this still forbidding land. He included detailed descriptions of the geography and natural history of Kamchatka, ethnographic studies of the native tribes and their language, customs, appearance, beliefs and way of life, and the history of Kamchatka from the first Russian penetration late in the seventeenth century. His work is a great scientific tour de force which remains the classic treatise on Kamchatka. Although Opisanie Zemli Kamchatki has been published several times in Russia and has been translated into German and French, the only previous English translation is an interesting but very free and drastically abridged version by James Grieve, a Scottish physician in Russian service, which was published in London in 1764 and reissued by photo offset in Chicago in 1962. The present annotated translation includes an introduction which gives some background on Russian eastward expansion, the fur trade, and the two Bering expeditions. A bibliography is appended. Close

• 30. [Article] Improving Access to Food Systems Among Communities of Color: A Food Justice Issue

  Food insecurity and access among communities of color is a major social and health issue. Limited studies rooted in Oregon exist to assist practitioners, policy makers, and scholars in understanding food ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Improving Access to Food Systems Among Communities of Color: A Food Justice Issue Author: Trinidad, Alma M. O., Camden, Helen, Coleman, Anne Year: 2015 Food insecurity and access among communities of color is a major social and health issue. Limited studies rooted in Oregon exist to assist practitioners, policy makers, and scholars in understanding food insecurity and access among recent immigrants and refugees. Using a multiple qualitative methods approach, this study has three major aims: 1) to understand the food access issues, particularly barriers and opportunities, among refugees and immigrants; 2) to investigate the challenges and opportunities of immigrants and refugees in accessing systems that are culturally responsive to their needs and; and 3) to address the gaps of service delivery targeted for communities of color and explore potential opportunities for partnership and creating culturally responsive approaches. To address the first two aims, data was drawn from a photovoice with recorded dialog among youth-parent pairs and a “talking circle” with five refugee families. Additionally, to address the latter two aims, data was drawn from a service providers’ focus group, of five service providers in the Portland area and one individual interview with a city government worker. Content analyses were done with the photos and transcripts of the family dialogs and “talking circle,” service providers’ focus group, and the individual interview. Findings indicate emerging themes on the utilization of cultural resources in the community, stress and strain among refugee families, structural or organizational barriers or challenges to being culturally responsive, and opportunities for school and community-based partnerships. Implications and recommendations for culturally responsive approaches and ways to better serve communities of color pertaining to food security and access initiatives are provided. Title: Improving Access to Food Systems Among Communities of Color: A Food Justice Issue Author: Trinidad, Alma M. O., Camden, Helen, Coleman, Anne Year: 2015 Food insecurity and access among communities of color is a major social and health issue. Limited studies rooted in Oregon exist to assist practitioners, policy makers, and scholars in understanding food insecurity and access among recent immigrants and refugees. Using a multiple qualitative methods approach, this study has three major aims: 1) to understand the food access issues, particularly barriers and opportunities, among refugees and immigrants; 2) to investigate the challenges and opportunities of immigrants and refugees in accessing systems that are culturally responsive to their needs and; and 3) to address the gaps of service delivery targeted for communities of color and explore potential opportunities for partnership and creating culturally responsive approaches. To address the first two aims, data was drawn from a photovoice with recorded dialog among youth-parent pairs and a “talking circle” with five refugee families. Additionally, to address the latter two aims, data was drawn from a service providers’ focus group, of five service providers in the Portland area and one individual interview with a city government worker. Content analyses were done with the photos and transcripts of the family dialogs and “talking circle,” service providers’ focus group, and the individual interview. Findings indicate emerging themes on the utilization of cultural resources in the community, stress and strain among refugee families, structural or organizational barriers or challenges to being culturally responsive, and opportunities for school and community-based partnerships. Implications and recommendations for culturally responsive approaches and ways to better serve communities of color pertaining to food security and access initiatives are provided. Close

• 31. [Article] Assessing Sense of Place and Geo-literacy Indicators as Learning Outcomes of an International Teacher Professional Development Program

  This research explores the multifaceted benefits that accrue from learning within an international, experiential context. It uses a qualitative, case study approach employing pre and post surveys, in-situ ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessing Sense of Place and Geo-literacy Indicators as Learning Outcomes of an International Teacher Professional Development Program Author: Hunter, Nancee Year: 2016 This research explores the multifaceted benefits that accrue from learning within an international, experiential context. It uses a qualitative, case study approach employing pre and post surveys, in-situ observations, and semi-structured photo-elicitation interviews to analyze the Center for Geography Education in Oregon’s (C-GEO) 2013 Overseas Teacher Institute--a professional development program that took 11 teachers to Russia, Mongolia, and China for a total of 17 days (plus two additional travel days) to learn about the cultural and physical geography of each place. The focus of the research is two-fold and examines processes involved in gaining, synthesizing and applying 1) a sense of place (the emotional ties between people and place), and 2) geo-literacy. The results of this study provide evidence that intensive professional development programs can increase teachers personal and professional knowledge, change their instructional practices, and may lead to improved student learning outcomes. Title: Assessing Sense of Place and Geo-literacy Indicators as Learning Outcomes of an International Teacher Professional Development Program Author: Hunter, Nancee Year: 2016 This research explores the multifaceted benefits that accrue from learning within an international, experiential context. It uses a qualitative, case study approach employing pre and post surveys, in-situ observations, and semi-structured photo-elicitation interviews to analyze the Center for Geography Education in Oregon’s (C-GEO) 2013 Overseas Teacher Institute--a professional development program that took 11 teachers to Russia, Mongolia, and China for a total of 17 days (plus two additional travel days) to learn about the cultural and physical geography of each place. The focus of the research is two-fold and examines processes involved in gaining, synthesizing and applying 1) a sense of place (the emotional ties between people and place), and 2) geo-literacy. The results of this study provide evidence that intensive professional development programs can increase teachers personal and professional knowledge, change their instructional practices, and may lead to improved student learning outcomes. Close

• 32. [Article] Sex Work and Moral Conflict: Enhancing the Quality of Public Discourse Using Photovoice Method

  This thesis uses an advocacy/participatory framework and moral conflict theory to examine the opposing ideas: and interests of parties involved in the issue of prostitution on 82nd Avenue in Portland, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sex Work and Moral Conflict: Enhancing the Quality of Public Discourse Using Photovoice Method Author: Tenty, Crystal Renee Year: 2009 This thesis uses an advocacy/participatory framework and moral conflict theory to examine the opposing ideas: and interests of parties involved in the issue of prostitution on 82nd Avenue in Portland, Oregon. It locates areas of contention within the larger dominant feminist discourse, which views sex work as either a form of violence and exploitation or as a form of legitimate free-contract labor. The thesis shows how the intractable moral conflict between these differing feminist theories and values can be mediated using participatory data collection techniques. Ethnographic data was collected and analyzed from 11 women working in the sex industry in Portland, highlighting voices commonly left out of the conflict. Participants were given cameras and invited to photo-document their individual and community's needs and aspirations through the qualitative, arts-based research method, photovoice. An exhibit of these photographs was displayed as an art exhibit at several locations throughout the Portland area. Data collection methods also included a review of local media sources collected between September 2007 and April 2009, and field notes gathered from participatory and non-participatory observations at public town hall forums. Close analytic attention is given to the perspectives of those marginalized populations of sex workers excluded from the dialogue on issues that directly affect them. This thesis demonstrates ways in which community-based, participatory research, such as the use of photovoice method, can empower marginalized individuals to affect change within their community. The exhibit of photovoice data was used to enhance communication among individuals and groups involved in an intractable moral conflict about sex work in Portland. This thesis argues that photovoice method has potential for increasing the quality of public discourse to manage moral conflicts or to discover resolutions suitable to the needs and desires of multiple stakeholders. Title: Sex Work and Moral Conflict: Enhancing the Quality of Public Discourse Using Photovoice Method Author: Tenty, Crystal Renee Year: 2009 This thesis uses an advocacy/participatory framework and moral conflict theory to examine the opposing ideas: and interests of parties involved in the issue of prostitution on 82nd Avenue in Portland, Oregon. It locates areas of contention within the larger dominant feminist discourse, which views sex work as either a form of violence and exploitation or as a form of legitimate free-contract labor. The thesis shows how the intractable moral conflict between these differing feminist theories and values can be mediated using participatory data collection techniques. Ethnographic data was collected and analyzed from 11 women working in the sex industry in Portland, highlighting voices commonly left out of the conflict. Participants were given cameras and invited to photo-document their individual and community's needs and aspirations through the qualitative, arts-based research method, photovoice. An exhibit of these photographs was displayed as an art exhibit at several locations throughout the Portland area. Data collection methods also included a review of local media sources collected between September 2007 and April 2009, and field notes gathered from participatory and non-participatory observations at public town hall forums. Close analytic attention is given to the perspectives of those marginalized populations of sex workers excluded from the dialogue on issues that directly affect them. This thesis demonstrates ways in which community-based, participatory research, such as the use of photovoice method, can empower marginalized individuals to affect change within their community. The exhibit of photovoice data was used to enhance communication among individuals and groups involved in an intractable moral conflict about sex work in Portland. This thesis argues that photovoice method has potential for increasing the quality of public discourse to manage moral conflicts or to discover resolutions suitable to the needs and desires of multiple stakeholders. Close

• 33. [Article] Toolbox Talks to Prevent Construction Fatalities: Empirical Development and Evaluation

  Three studies were conducted to develop and evaluate safety toolbox talks about fatal construction incidents. Study 1 surveyed workers (n = 28) about existing pre-shift meetings. An evidence-based structure ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Toolbox Talks to Prevent Construction Fatalities: Empirical Development and Evaluation Author: Olson, Ryan, Varga, Alexandra, Cannon, Annie, Gilbert-Jones, Illa, Zoller, Erika Year: 2016 Three studies were conducted to develop and evaluate safety toolbox talks about fatal construction incidents. Study 1 surveyed workers (n = 28) about existing pre-shift meetings. An evidence-based structure for toolbox talks was developed, and study 2 evaluated our selected line drawing illustration format with workers (n = 30). Study 3 evaluated supervisors’ talks using: (1) new toolbox guides and (2) long-form investigation reports with workers from eight construction crews. In study 1, 25% of the sample reported never conducted safety meetings. In study 2, compared to photos, line drawings increased the distance workers’ could correctly identify hazards by over 1.5 m. In study 3, the new format was preferred by 82% of supervisors, saved them 15 min preparation/presentation time, and produced favorable impacts with workers. Brief scripted toolbox talks made it easier for supervisors to share fatal stories and prevention recommendations with their crews. When the format includes scripted text for the supervisors, prompts for discussion and action items, and line drawings worker understanding can be enhanced. Title: Toolbox Talks to Prevent Construction Fatalities: Empirical Development and Evaluation Author: Olson, Ryan, Varga, Alexandra, Cannon, Annie, Gilbert-Jones, Illa, Zoller, Erika Year: 2016 Three studies were conducted to develop and evaluate safety toolbox talks about fatal construction incidents. Study 1 surveyed workers (n = 28) about existing pre-shift meetings. An evidence-based structure for toolbox talks was developed, and study 2 evaluated our selected line drawing illustration format with workers (n = 30). Study 3 evaluated supervisors’ talks using: (1) new toolbox guides and (2) long-form investigation reports with workers from eight construction crews. In study 1, 25% of the sample reported never conducted safety meetings. In study 2, compared to photos, line drawings increased the distance workers’ could correctly identify hazards by over 1.5 m. In study 3, the new format was preferred by 82% of supervisors, saved them 15 min preparation/presentation time, and produced favorable impacts with workers. Brief scripted toolbox talks made it easier for supervisors to share fatal stories and prevention recommendations with their crews. When the format includes scripted text for the supervisors, prompts for discussion and action items, and line drawings worker understanding can be enhanced. Close

• 34. [Article] Determination of the Goos-Hänchen Shift in Dielectric WaveGuides via Photo Emission Electron Microscopy in the Visible Spectrum

  Photoemission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) is a versatile tool that relies on the photoelectric effect to produce high-resolution images. Pulse lasers allow for multi-photon PEEM where multiple photons are ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Determination of the Goos-Hänchen Shift in Dielectric WaveGuides via Photo Emission Electron Microscopy in the Visible Spectrum Author: Stedmark, Theodore, Word, Robert Campbell, Kӧnenkamp, Rolf Year: 2016 Photoemission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) is a versatile tool that relies on the photoelectric effect to produce high-resolution images. Pulse lasers allow for multi-photon PEEM where multiple photons are required excite a single electron. This non-linear process can directly image the near field region of electromagnetic fields in materials. We use this ability here to analyze wave propagation in a linear dielectric waveguide with wavelengths of 410nm and 780nm. The propagation constant of the waveguide can be extracted from the interference pattern created by the coupled and incident light and shows distinct polarization dependence. The electromagnetic field interaction at the boundaries can then be deduced which is essential to understand power flow in wave guiding structures. These results match well with simulations using finite element techniques. Title: Determination of the Goos-Hänchen Shift in Dielectric WaveGuides via Photo Emission Electron Microscopy in the Visible Spectrum Author: Stedmark, Theodore, Word, Robert Campbell, Kӧnenkamp, Rolf Year: 2016 Photoemission Electron Microscopy (PEEM) is a versatile tool that relies on the photoelectric effect to produce high-resolution images. Pulse lasers allow for multi-photon PEEM where multiple photons are required excite a single electron. This non-linear process can directly image the near field region of electromagnetic fields in materials. We use this ability here to analyze wave propagation in a linear dielectric waveguide with wavelengths of 410nm and 780nm. The propagation constant of the waveguide can be extracted from the interference pattern created by the coupled and incident light and shows distinct polarization dependence. The electromagnetic field interaction at the boundaries can then be deduced which is essential to understand power flow in wave guiding structures. These results match well with simulations using finite element techniques. Close

• 35. [Article] Pine Creek Conservation Area: 2013 Mapping and Monitoring Report

  Pine Creek Conservation Area (PCCA), just northeast of the John Day River in Wheeler County, Oregon, was acquired in 1999-2001 by the Confederate Tribes of Warm Springs with support from the Bonneville ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Pine Creek Conservation Area: 2013 Mapping and Monitoring Report Author: Nielsen, Eric M., Noone, Matthew D., Kagan, James S., Lee, Matthew T. Year: 2013 Pine Creek Conservation Area (PCCA), just northeast of the John Day River in Wheeler County, Oregon, was acquired in 1999-2001 by the Confederate Tribes of Warm Springs with support from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), to mitigate for wildlife losses created by the large, hydropower Columbia River Dams, particularly the Bonneville, Dalles and John Day Dams. Many thousands of acres of grassland, shrub steppe and riparian habitats were lost due to inundation, and the objectives of the acquisition included restoration of similar habitats. As part of an interagency agreement created in 2002, the Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center established a baseline monitoring program in 2002. This effort included the establishment of permanent monitoring plots to allow for a detailed assessment of vegetation change in the plant communities occurring at the site. It also included the development of an existing vegetation map, hopefully to allow for an analysis of overall vegetation change across the conservation area. The map showed the distribution of western juniper, native grasslands, big sagebrush, and weed-dominated areas at the site. In the eight years since the original map was made, a series of management actions, including juniper clearing, prescribed fires, and riparian restoration activities have significantly changed the vegetation at PCCA. In the spring and summer of 2010, the Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, now the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center at Portland State University, visited the area to assist the land manager in developing a strategy for meeting the information needs of the Tribes and BPA in evaluating the success of the first decade of restoration. This report details that effort, which incorporated a combination of field inspection, photo-interpretation, and remote sensing-based mapping to assess change since the establishment of the conservation area, to lay a new baseline against which to measure future change, and most importantly to provide detailed information useful for land management decision making in the continuing restoration efforts. Title: Pine Creek Conservation Area: 2013 Mapping and Monitoring Report Author: Nielsen, Eric M., Noone, Matthew D., Kagan, James S., Lee, Matthew T. Year: 2013 Pine Creek Conservation Area (PCCA), just northeast of the John Day River in Wheeler County, Oregon, was acquired in 1999-2001 by the Confederate Tribes of Warm Springs with support from the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), to mitigate for wildlife losses created by the large, hydropower Columbia River Dams, particularly the Bonneville, Dalles and John Day Dams. Many thousands of acres of grassland, shrub steppe and riparian habitats were lost due to inundation, and the objectives of the acquisition included restoration of similar habitats. As part of an interagency agreement created in 2002, the Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center established a baseline monitoring program in 2002. This effort included the establishment of permanent monitoring plots to allow for a detailed assessment of vegetation change in the plant communities occurring at the site. It also included the development of an existing vegetation map, hopefully to allow for an analysis of overall vegetation change across the conservation area. The map showed the distribution of western juniper, native grasslands, big sagebrush, and weed-dominated areas at the site. In the eight years since the original map was made, a series of management actions, including juniper clearing, prescribed fires, and riparian restoration activities have significantly changed the vegetation at PCCA. In the spring and summer of 2010, the Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, now the Oregon Biodiversity Information Center at Portland State University, visited the area to assist the land manager in developing a strategy for meeting the information needs of the Tribes and BPA in evaluating the success of the first decade of restoration. This report details that effort, which incorporated a combination of field inspection, photo-interpretation, and remote sensing-based mapping to assess change since the establishment of the conservation area, to lay a new baseline against which to measure future change, and most importantly to provide detailed information useful for land management decision making in the continuing restoration efforts. Close

• 36. [Article] Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based Structure from Motion Biomass Inventory Estimates

  Riparian vegetation restoration efforts demand cost effective, accurate, and replicable impact assessments. In this thesis a method is presented using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) equipped with a GoPro ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based Structure from Motion Biomass Inventory Estimates Author: Bedell, Emily Jane Year: 2016 Riparian vegetation restoration efforts demand cost effective, accurate, and replicable impact assessments. In this thesis a method is presented using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) equipped with a GoPro digital camera to collect photogrammetric data of a 2.02-acre riparian restoration. A three-dimensional point cloud was created from the photos using Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques. The point cloud was analyzed and compared to traditional, ground-based monitoring techniques. Ground truth data collected using the status-quo approach was collected on 6.3% of the study site and averaged across the entire site to report stem heights in stems/acre in three height classes, 0-3 feet, 3-7 feet, and greater than 7 feet. The project site was divided into four analysis sections, one for derivation of parameters used in the UAV data analysis, and the remaining three sections reserved for method validation. The most conservative of several methods tested comparing the ground truth data to the UAV generated data produced an overall error of 21.6% and indicated an r2 value of 0.98. A Bland Altman analysis indicated a 99% probability that the UAV stems/plot result will be within 159 stems/plot of the ground truth data. The ground truth data is reported with an 80% confidence interval of +/- 844 stems/plot, thus the UAV was able to estimate stems well within this confidence interval. Further research is required to validate this method longitudinally at this same site and across varying ecologies. These results suggest that UAV derived environmental impact assessments at riparian restoration sites may offer competitive performance and value. Title: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Based Structure from Motion Biomass Inventory Estimates Author: Bedell, Emily Jane Year: 2016 Riparian vegetation restoration efforts demand cost effective, accurate, and replicable impact assessments. In this thesis a method is presented using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) equipped with a GoPro digital camera to collect photogrammetric data of a 2.02-acre riparian restoration. A three-dimensional point cloud was created from the photos using Structure from Motion (SfM) techniques. The point cloud was analyzed and compared to traditional, ground-based monitoring techniques. Ground truth data collected using the status-quo approach was collected on 6.3% of the study site and averaged across the entire site to report stem heights in stems/acre in three height classes, 0-3 feet, 3-7 feet, and greater than 7 feet. The project site was divided into four analysis sections, one for derivation of parameters used in the UAV data analysis, and the remaining three sections reserved for method validation. The most conservative of several methods tested comparing the ground truth data to the UAV generated data produced an overall error of 21.6% and indicated an r2 value of 0.98. A Bland Altman analysis indicated a 99% probability that the UAV stems/plot result will be within 159 stems/plot of the ground truth data. The ground truth data is reported with an 80% confidence interval of +/- 844 stems/plot, thus the UAV was able to estimate stems well within this confidence interval. Further research is required to validate this method longitudinally at this same site and across varying ecologies. These results suggest that UAV derived environmental impact assessments at riparian restoration sites may offer competitive performance and value. Close

• 37. [Article] Photo Quality Assessment: Predicting Crowd Opinions

  Existing methods for photo quality assessment typically formulate photo quality assessment as a binary classification problem that labels a photo as low- or high-quality. Photo quality assessment, however, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Photo Quality Assessment: Predicting Crowd Opinions Author: Mai, Uyen T. Year: 2016 Existing methods for photo quality assessment typically formulate photo quality assessment as a binary classification problem that labels a photo as low- or high-quality. Photo quality assessment, however, is subjective, and people often rate a photo differently. Therefore, the quality of a photo sometimes cannot be fully described by a low- or high-quality label. In this paper, we present a subjective photo quality assessment method that predicts how a group of users rates a photo. Specifically, our method predicts a quality score distribution that is likely produced by a group of people rating the photo. Our method models the score distribution using the mean and standard deviation. Our method uses a regression approach and integrates a wide spectrum of image features, including manually crafted features, generic image features, and deep learning features, to predict the mean score and standard deviation. We experiment our method on the large scale AVA dataset where each photo on average is rated by 200 users with score ranges from 1-10. Our experiment shows that our regression approach can predict the mean score and standard deviation with RMSE errors 0.67 and 0.19, respectively. Title: Photo Quality Assessment: Predicting Crowd Opinions Author: Mai, Uyen T. Year: 2016 Existing methods for photo quality assessment typically formulate photo quality assessment as a binary classification problem that labels a photo as low- or high-quality. Photo quality assessment, however, is subjective, and people often rate a photo differently. Therefore, the quality of a photo sometimes cannot be fully described by a low- or high-quality label. In this paper, we present a subjective photo quality assessment method that predicts how a group of users rates a photo. Specifically, our method predicts a quality score distribution that is likely produced by a group of people rating the photo. Our method models the score distribution using the mean and standard deviation. Our method uses a regression approach and integrates a wide spectrum of image features, including manually crafted features, generic image features, and deep learning features, to predict the mean score and standard deviation. We experiment our method on the large scale AVA dataset where each photo on average is rated by 200 users with score ranges from 1-10. Our experiment shows that our regression approach can predict the mean score and standard deviation with RMSE errors 0.67 and 0.19, respectively. Close

• 38. [Article] 6 students, 6 iPads, 60 photographs: A Qualitative Study of Undergraduate Information Practices in the Mobile Landscape

  We know students use mobile technologies. We expect they will want to use them more. The mobile landscape is changing fast. But what does this actually mean? How does having constant access affect the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 6 students, 6 iPads, 60 photographs: A Qualitative Study of Undergraduate Information Practices in the Mobile Landscape Author: Deitering, Ann-Marie, Mellinger, Margaret Year: 2012 We know students use mobile technologies. We expect they will want to use them more. The mobile landscape is changing fast. But what does this actually mean? How does having constant access affect the ways students use information? This is one of the questions librarians at Oregon State University are examining. In the summer of 2011, 2 OSU librarians recruited 6 undergraduate students engaged in research on many levels: in the library, in the lab and in the field. Each student was given an iPad tablet computer at the start of the 2011-2012 school year. In this exploratory study, we use a variety of qualitative methods to paint a picture that describes how the introduction of a tablet computer affects the academic (and non-academic) information practices of undergraduate students. This presentation will focus on the mobile part of this picture. Using a method called photo-elicitation, we are exploring how our students describe the places and spaces where they use their tablets and how they use information in those places. Each student enrolled in the study was asked to take a series of photographs that illustrate where they use their devices. The photographs are analyzed, and are also used as touchstones for further conversation in in-depth interviews. In this session we will share preliminary results from this study, and explore what they suggest for how libraries can become a part of our students’ increasingly mobile information landscape. Title: 6 students, 6 iPads, 60 photographs: A Qualitative Study of Undergraduate Information Practices in the Mobile Landscape Author: Deitering, Ann-Marie, Mellinger, Margaret Year: 2012 We know students use mobile technologies. We expect they will want to use them more. The mobile landscape is changing fast. But what does this actually mean? How does having constant access affect the ways students use information? This is one of the questions librarians at Oregon State University are examining. In the summer of 2011, 2 OSU librarians recruited 6 undergraduate students engaged in research on many levels: in the library, in the lab and in the field. Each student was given an iPad tablet computer at the start of the 2011-2012 school year. In this exploratory study, we use a variety of qualitative methods to paint a picture that describes how the introduction of a tablet computer affects the academic (and non-academic) information practices of undergraduate students. This presentation will focus on the mobile part of this picture. Using a method called photo-elicitation, we are exploring how our students describe the places and spaces where they use their tablets and how they use information in those places. Each student enrolled in the study was asked to take a series of photographs that illustrate where they use their devices. The photographs are analyzed, and are also used as touchstones for further conversation in in-depth interviews. In this session we will share preliminary results from this study, and explore what they suggest for how libraries can become a part of our students’ increasingly mobile information landscape. Close

• 39. [Article] Thumbnail Preserving Encryption for JPEG

  With more and more data being stored in the cloud, securing multimedia data is becoming increasingly important. Use of existing encryption methods with cloud services is possible, but makes many web-based ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Thumbnail Preserving Encryption for JPEG Author: Wright, Charles V., Feng, Wu-chi Year: 2015 With more and more data being stored in the cloud, securing multimedia data is becoming increasingly important. Use of existing encryption methods with cloud services is possible, but makes many web-based applications difficult or impossible to use. In this paper, we propose a new image encryption scheme specially designed for protecting JPEG images in cloud photo storage services. Our technique allows efficient reconstruction of an accurate low-resolution thumbnail from the ciphertext image, but aims to prevent the extraction of any more detailed information. This will allow efficient storage and retrieval of image data in the cloud but protect its contents from outside hackers or snooping cloud administrators. Experiments of the proposed approach using an online selfie database show that it can achieve a good balance of privacy, utility, image quality, and file size. Title: Thumbnail Preserving Encryption for JPEG Author: Wright, Charles V., Feng, Wu-chi Year: 2015 With more and more data being stored in the cloud, securing multimedia data is becoming increasingly important. Use of existing encryption methods with cloud services is possible, but makes many web-based applications difficult or impossible to use. In this paper, we propose a new image encryption scheme specially designed for protecting JPEG images in cloud photo storage services. Our technique allows efficient reconstruction of an accurate low-resolution thumbnail from the ciphertext image, but aims to prevent the extraction of any more detailed information. This will allow efficient storage and retrieval of image data in the cloud but protect its contents from outside hackers or snooping cloud administrators. Experiments of the proposed approach using an online selfie database show that it can achieve a good balance of privacy, utility, image quality, and file size. Close

• 40. [Article] A multidimensional analysis of physical attractiveness in the formation of first impressions

  Before any words are spoken, an individual's appearance is his or her first line of nonverbal communication with the rest of the world. Prior research conducted on physical attractiveness has been vague ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A multidimensional analysis of physical attractiveness in the formation of first impressions Author: Smith Hunter, Jewel Marianna Year: 1986 Before any words are spoken, an individual's appearance is his or her first line of nonverbal communication with the rest of the world. Prior research conducted on physical attractiveness has been vague and contradictory and has not assessed its many components. Rather, past investigators have perceived physical attractiveness as a "unidimensional" concept. Several phases were involved in the task of proving or disproving the hypotheses of the study. The first general phase began with the selection of photographic subjects, progressed into the creation of a set of photographs which were to become the stimuli, and proceeded to the selection of the photo judges, whose evaluations would determine the final select group of 18 photographs and their physical attractiveness intensity levels. Title: A multidimensional analysis of physical attractiveness in the formation of first impressions Author: Smith Hunter, Jewel Marianna Year: 1986 Before any words are spoken, an individual's appearance is his or her first line of nonverbal communication with the rest of the world. Prior research conducted on physical attractiveness has been vague and contradictory and has not assessed its many components. Rather, past investigators have perceived physical attractiveness as a "unidimensional" concept. Several phases were involved in the task of proving or disproving the hypotheses of the study. The first general phase began with the selection of photographic subjects, progressed into the creation of a set of photographs which were to become the stimuli, and proceeded to the selection of the photo judges, whose evaluations would determine the final select group of 18 photographs and their physical attractiveness intensity levels. Close

• 41. [Article] Riparian Shade Assessment and Restoration Priorities Analysis in the Damascus Urban Growth Boundary Expansion Area

  An important component of progressive urban planning is the protection and restoration of riparian environments, particularly in the Pacific Northwest where increasing stream temperatures threaten the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Riparian Shade Assessment and Restoration Priorities Analysis in the Damascus Urban Growth Boundary Expansion Area Author: Leferink, Robin K. Year: 2007 An important component of progressive urban planning is the protection and restoration of riparian environments, particularly in the Pacific Northwest where increasing stream temperatures threaten the survival of endangered salmonids and other cold-water biota. Restoration projects are often led by watershed councils or other grassroots organizations with limited resources, and it is essential that these groups have an efficient and effective approach to determine priority areas where their efforts can be directed to achieve the greatest ecological benefit. The purpose of this project was to quantify existing riparian shade levels and identify priority reaches for shade restoration on Clackamas River basin streams in the Damascus area expansion of the Portland, Oregon urban growth boundary. Additionally, potential errors in the Metro Regional Land Information System (RLIS) Lite geographic information system (GIS) coverage of the area’s streams were identified and corrected where possible. Riparian shade levels were quantified through interpretation of digital aerial photographs using GIS. At the start of the shade analysis six 50 m reaches in the study area were surveyed using a spherical densiometer to calibrate the aerial photo interpretation. Following the analysis, the method accuracy was assessed by comparing GIS-derived shade classes with field data from 25 sites in the study area that were surveyed in 2003. Stream reaches were identified and prioritized for restoration based on riparian shade level, presence or absence of late-summer flow (as determined through field investigations), and GISevaluated stream aspect (i.e. the direction of stream flow). Generally, the headwaters were found to have less shade than the downstream areas and many of the headwater reaches were identified as the highest restoration priority. Of the 60.5 km of streams assessed in the riparian shade analysis, 24.7 km were identified as potential restoration reaches based on shade levels and late-summer flow conditions. These 24.7 km were further broken into five priority ranks, with 4.1 km of stream reaches assigned to the highest shade restoration priority class. Potential errors in the GIS stream coverage were identified in conjunction with the riparian shade assessment. Where possible, these errors were corrected based on the aerial photographs. Although in many cases access was limited, a total of 18 site visits were made to verify stream locations. The results of this watershed-scale restoration priorities analysis are being used by Clackamas River Basin Council and others to guide restoration planning in the new urban area. While focusing on the high priority stream reaches identified, restoration managers will also need to consider reach-scale factors including land use plans, riparian continuity, parcel size, and landowner cooperation in the final selection of restoration sites. The GIS stream layer corrections were provided to Metro and to the City of Damascus for use in their 2007 natural resource inventory. Title: Riparian Shade Assessment and Restoration Priorities Analysis in the Damascus Urban Growth Boundary Expansion Area Author: Leferink, Robin K. Year: 2007 An important component of progressive urban planning is the protection and restoration of riparian environments, particularly in the Pacific Northwest where increasing stream temperatures threaten the survival of endangered salmonids and other cold-water biota. Restoration projects are often led by watershed councils or other grassroots organizations with limited resources, and it is essential that these groups have an efficient and effective approach to determine priority areas where their efforts can be directed to achieve the greatest ecological benefit. The purpose of this project was to quantify existing riparian shade levels and identify priority reaches for shade restoration on Clackamas River basin streams in the Damascus area expansion of the Portland, Oregon urban growth boundary. Additionally, potential errors in the Metro Regional Land Information System (RLIS) Lite geographic information system (GIS) coverage of the area’s streams were identified and corrected where possible. Riparian shade levels were quantified through interpretation of digital aerial photographs using GIS. At the start of the shade analysis six 50 m reaches in the study area were surveyed using a spherical densiometer to calibrate the aerial photo interpretation. Following the analysis, the method accuracy was assessed by comparing GIS-derived shade classes with field data from 25 sites in the study area that were surveyed in 2003. Stream reaches were identified and prioritized for restoration based on riparian shade level, presence or absence of late-summer flow (as determined through field investigations), and GISevaluated stream aspect (i.e. the direction of stream flow). Generally, the headwaters were found to have less shade than the downstream areas and many of the headwater reaches were identified as the highest restoration priority. Of the 60.5 km of streams assessed in the riparian shade analysis, 24.7 km were identified as potential restoration reaches based on shade levels and late-summer flow conditions. These 24.7 km were further broken into five priority ranks, with 4.1 km of stream reaches assigned to the highest shade restoration priority class. Potential errors in the GIS stream coverage were identified in conjunction with the riparian shade assessment. Where possible, these errors were corrected based on the aerial photographs. Although in many cases access was limited, a total of 18 site visits were made to verify stream locations. The results of this watershed-scale restoration priorities analysis are being used by Clackamas River Basin Council and others to guide restoration planning in the new urban area. While focusing on the high priority stream reaches identified, restoration managers will also need to consider reach-scale factors including land use plans, riparian continuity, parcel size, and landowner cooperation in the final selection of restoration sites. The GIS stream layer corrections were provided to Metro and to the City of Damascus for use in their 2007 natural resource inventory. Close

• 42. [Article] 4 Inches of Living Soil: Teaching Biodiversity in the Learning Gardens–A photo-essay

  In Learning Gardens and Sustainability Education: Bringing Life to Schools and Schools to Life, Williams and Brown (2011) place living soil at the center of the discourse on sustainability education. One ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: 4 Inches of Living Soil: Teaching Biodiversity in the Learning Gardens–A photo-essay Author: Williams, Dilafruz R. Year: 2012 In Learning Gardens and Sustainability Education: Bringing Life to Schools and Schools to Life, Williams and Brown (2011) place living soil at the center of the discourse on sustainability education. One of the seven principles that guides their pedagogy of learning gardens is: valuing biocultural diversity. This photo-essay of elementary students in K-8 schools, explores how 4 inches of soil in the learning gardens can teach about life’s diversity. The author urges humble attentiveness to that which is below our feet seemingly hidden and unnoticed yet teeming with life. Title: 4 Inches of Living Soil: Teaching Biodiversity in the Learning Gardens–A photo-essay Author: Williams, Dilafruz R. Year: 2012 In Learning Gardens and Sustainability Education: Bringing Life to Schools and Schools to Life, Williams and Brown (2011) place living soil at the center of the discourse on sustainability education. One of the seven principles that guides their pedagogy of learning gardens is: valuing biocultural diversity. This photo-essay of elementary students in K-8 schools, explores how 4 inches of soil in the learning gardens can teach about life’s diversity. The author urges humble attentiveness to that which is below our feet seemingly hidden and unnoticed yet teeming with life. Close

• 43. [Article] New Objective Classification System for Nuclear Opacification

  We have developed an autonomous objective classification scheme for degree of nuclear opacification. The algorithm was developed by using a series of color 35-mm slides acquired with a Topcon photo slit-lamp ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: New Objective Classification System for Nuclear Opacification Author: Duncan, Donald D., Shukla, O. B., West, Sheila, Schein, Oliver D. Year: 1997 We have developed an autonomous objective classification scheme for degree of nuclear opacification. The algorithm was developed by using a series of color 35-mm slides acquired with a Topcon photo slit-lamp microscope and use of standard camera settings. The photographs were digitized, and first, and second-order gray-level statistics were extracted from within circular regions of the nucleus. Classifications of severity were performed by using these features as input to a neural network. Training versus classification performance was tested by using photographs of different eyes, and test/retest classification reproducibility was evaluated by using paired photographs of the same eyes. We demonstrate good performance of the classifier against subjective assessments rendered by the Wilmer grading system [Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 29, 73 (1988)] and markedly better test/retest reproducibility. Title: New Objective Classification System for Nuclear Opacification Author: Duncan, Donald D., Shukla, O. B., West, Sheila, Schein, Oliver D. Year: 1997 We have developed an autonomous objective classification scheme for degree of nuclear opacification. The algorithm was developed by using a series of color 35-mm slides acquired with a Topcon photo slit-lamp microscope and use of standard camera settings. The photographs were digitized, and first, and second-order gray-level statistics were extracted from within circular regions of the nucleus. Classifications of severity were performed by using these features as input to a neural network. Training versus classification performance was tested by using photographs of different eyes, and test/retest classification reproducibility was evaluated by using paired photographs of the same eyes. We demonstrate good performance of the classifier against subjective assessments rendered by the Wilmer grading system [Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci. 29, 73 (1988)] and markedly better test/retest reproducibility. Close

• 44. [Article] Listening to Lasers: Photoacoustic Gas Sensing

  Herein lies the makings of a sensor for gaseous materials due to the technique known as photo-acoustic spectroscopy. Whereby a gas filled metallic tube of known resonance has an impingement to its open ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Listening to Lasers: Photoacoustic Gas Sensing Author: Hopkins, Michael Year: 2016 Herein lies the makings of a sensor for gaseous materials due to the technique known as photo-acoustic spectroscopy. Whereby a gas filled metallic tube of known resonance has an impingement to its open aspect a beam of photons of known colour and at a specified rate such that the rate of incoming light corpuscles matches the natural standing wave frequency for the column of gas within said tube, to wit resonance. Through foresight of the molecular orbital theory and historic datums on the subject of infrared spectroscopy one naturally comes to the employment of absorbance transfiguring energy to kinetic motions within a known gas species as a mechanism for spectroscopic analysis. Many fortnights gone by a device of these humours was constructed and found not wanting in capability, this device shall henceforth be described in placard shewing and by the telling of its constructor. Title: Listening to Lasers: Photoacoustic Gas Sensing Author: Hopkins, Michael Year: 2016 Herein lies the makings of a sensor for gaseous materials due to the technique known as photo-acoustic spectroscopy. Whereby a gas filled metallic tube of known resonance has an impingement to its open aspect a beam of photons of known colour and at a specified rate such that the rate of incoming light corpuscles matches the natural standing wave frequency for the column of gas within said tube, to wit resonance. Through foresight of the molecular orbital theory and historic datums on the subject of infrared spectroscopy one naturally comes to the employment of absorbance transfiguring energy to kinetic motions within a known gas species as a mechanism for spectroscopic analysis. Many fortnights gone by a device of these humours was constructed and found not wanting in capability, this device shall henceforth be described in placard shewing and by the telling of its constructor. Close

• 45. [Article] Open structure ZnO/CdSe core/shell nanoneedle arrays for solar cells

  Open structure ZnO/CdSe core/shell nanoneedle arrays were prepared on a conducting glass (SnO2:F) substrate by solution deposition and electrochemical techniques. A uniform CdSe shell layer with a grain ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Open structure ZnO/CdSe core/shell nanoneedle arrays for solar cells Author: Chen, Yanxue, Wei, Lin, Zhang, Guanghua, Jiao, Jun Year: 2012 Open structure ZnO/CdSe core/shell nanoneedle arrays were prepared on a conducting glass (SnO2:F) substrate by solution deposition and electrochemical techniques. A uniform CdSe shell layer with a grain size of approximately several tens of nanometers was formed on the surface of ZnO nanoneedle cores after annealing at 400°C for 1.5 h. Fabricated solar cells based on these nanostructures exhibited a high short-circuit current density of about 10.5 mA/cm2 and an overall power conversion efficiency of 1.07% with solar illumination of 100 mW/cm2. Incident photo-to-current conversion efficiencies higher than 75% were also obtained. Title: Open structure ZnO/CdSe core/shell nanoneedle arrays for solar cells Author: Chen, Yanxue, Wei, Lin, Zhang, Guanghua, Jiao, Jun Year: 2012 Open structure ZnO/CdSe core/shell nanoneedle arrays were prepared on a conducting glass (SnO2:F) substrate by solution deposition and electrochemical techniques. A uniform CdSe shell layer with a grain size of approximately several tens of nanometers was formed on the surface of ZnO nanoneedle cores after annealing at 400°C for 1.5 h. Fabricated solar cells based on these nanostructures exhibited a high short-circuit current density of about 10.5 mA/cm2 and an overall power conversion efficiency of 1.07% with solar illumination of 100 mW/cm2. Incident photo-to-current conversion efficiencies higher than 75% were also obtained. Close

• 46. [Article] Seasonal and Sex Differences in the Effects of Melatonin on Brain Arginine Vasotocin in Green Treefrogs (Hyla cinerea): Relationship to Melatonin Receptor 1a

  Critical life history events such as breeding, migration and hibernation must take place in the correct environmental context to minimize deleterious consequences on survival and reproductive fitness. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Seasonal and Sex Differences in the Effects of Melatonin on Brain Arginine Vasotocin in Green Treefrogs (Hyla cinerea): Relationship to Melatonin Receptor 1a Author: Howard, Christina Marie Year: 2014 Critical life history events such as breeding, migration and hibernation must take place in the correct environmental context to minimize deleterious consequences on survival and reproductive fitness. Neuroendocrine mechanisms synchronizing internal physiological states with extrinsic environmental cues are vital to timing life history events appropriately. Secretion of the pineal hormone melatonin is sensitive to light and temperature cues, which provides a physiological indicator of time of day and time of year for organisms. Melatonin influences seasonal reproduction in a variety of vertebrates, likely by altering the synthesis and/or release of reproductive neuropeptides in the brain. The neuropeptides arginine vasotocin and its mammalian homologue, arginine vasopressin, are well-known modulators of reproductive and sociosexual behavior across vertebrate taxa, and are likely targets of melatonin in the context of seasonal reproduction. There is extensive evidence that vasotocin/vasopressin innervation in the brain is subject to seasonal variation, and that this variation is frequently sexually dimorphic. However, evidence that melatonin directly modulates this important neuropeptide system is lacking. Melatonin receptor 1a (MT1 in mammals) may be responsible for mediating melatonin's influence on brain vasotocin, as it is known to regulate seasonal reproduction in a variety of vertebrates. In the present study, I asked whether melatonin influences brain vasotocin in male green treefrogs (Hyla cinerea), and compared the distribution of melatonin receptor 1a in the brain of green treefrogs between sexes and seasons. Adult male and female green treefrogs were collected from field sites in Louisiana during the summer breeding season. Summer animals were acclimated to lab conditions for 3 weeks, then euthanized and their brains collected. Winter animals were maintained in the lab for four months under incrementally changing photo-, thermo-, and hygroperiod regimes that mimicked the transition to winter in their natural habitat, followed by euthanasia and brain collection. A subset of winter males (Experiment 1) were implanted with melatonin-filled or blank silastic capsules for a period of one month prior to euthanasia and brain collection. Brains of these males were processed for vasotocin immunohistochemistry. I quantified AVT-ir cell number in Experiment 1 males in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), amygdala and caudal striatum (AMG), preoptic area (POA), suprachaismatic nucleus (SCN), and ventral hypothalamus (VH). Melatonin did not influence brain vasotocin-ir cell number in any brain region. Brains from untreated summer and winter males and females were collected and processed for MT1 immunohistochemistry. MT1-ir cells were quantified in the NAcc, striatum (STR), AMG, POA, SCN, and VH. In all regions quantified, reproductively active males had significantly more MT1-ir cells than nonreproductive males. Within the summer breeding season, males had significantly more MT1-ir cells in the NAcc than did reproductively active females. In all other regions there was no significant difference in MT1-ir cell number between reproductively active males and females. Collectively, these data suggest that melatonin modulates vasotocin via MT1. These findings assist in elucidating the neuroendocrine mechanisms by which vertebrates integrate seasonal cues with physiology to correctly time critical life history events. Title: Seasonal and Sex Differences in the Effects of Melatonin on Brain Arginine Vasotocin in Green Treefrogs (Hyla cinerea): Relationship to Melatonin Receptor 1a Author: Howard, Christina Marie Year: 2014 Critical life history events such as breeding, migration and hibernation must take place in the correct environmental context to minimize deleterious consequences on survival and reproductive fitness. Neuroendocrine mechanisms synchronizing internal physiological states with extrinsic environmental cues are vital to timing life history events appropriately. Secretion of the pineal hormone melatonin is sensitive to light and temperature cues, which provides a physiological indicator of time of day and time of year for organisms. Melatonin influences seasonal reproduction in a variety of vertebrates, likely by altering the synthesis and/or release of reproductive neuropeptides in the brain. The neuropeptides arginine vasotocin and its mammalian homologue, arginine vasopressin, are well-known modulators of reproductive and sociosexual behavior across vertebrate taxa, and are likely targets of melatonin in the context of seasonal reproduction. There is extensive evidence that vasotocin/vasopressin innervation in the brain is subject to seasonal variation, and that this variation is frequently sexually dimorphic. However, evidence that melatonin directly modulates this important neuropeptide system is lacking. Melatonin receptor 1a (MT1 in mammals) may be responsible for mediating melatonin's influence on brain vasotocin, as it is known to regulate seasonal reproduction in a variety of vertebrates. In the present study, I asked whether melatonin influences brain vasotocin in male green treefrogs (Hyla cinerea), and compared the distribution of melatonin receptor 1a in the brain of green treefrogs between sexes and seasons. Adult male and female green treefrogs were collected from field sites in Louisiana during the summer breeding season. Summer animals were acclimated to lab conditions for 3 weeks, then euthanized and their brains collected. Winter animals were maintained in the lab for four months under incrementally changing photo-, thermo-, and hygroperiod regimes that mimicked the transition to winter in their natural habitat, followed by euthanasia and brain collection. A subset of winter males (Experiment 1) were implanted with melatonin-filled or blank silastic capsules for a period of one month prior to euthanasia and brain collection. Brains of these males were processed for vasotocin immunohistochemistry. I quantified AVT-ir cell number in Experiment 1 males in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), amygdala and caudal striatum (AMG), preoptic area (POA), suprachaismatic nucleus (SCN), and ventral hypothalamus (VH). Melatonin did not influence brain vasotocin-ir cell number in any brain region. Brains from untreated summer and winter males and females were collected and processed for MT1 immunohistochemistry. MT1-ir cells were quantified in the NAcc, striatum (STR), AMG, POA, SCN, and VH. In all regions quantified, reproductively active males had significantly more MT1-ir cells than nonreproductive males. Within the summer breeding season, males had significantly more MT1-ir cells in the NAcc than did reproductively active females. In all other regions there was no significant difference in MT1-ir cell number between reproductively active males and females. Collectively, these data suggest that melatonin modulates vasotocin via MT1. These findings assist in elucidating the neuroendocrine mechanisms by which vertebrates integrate seasonal cues with physiology to correctly time critical life history events. Close

• 47. [Article] Removing Textured Artifacts from Digital Photos Using Spatial Frequency Filtering

  An abstract of the thesis of Ben Huang for the Master of Science in Electric and Computer Science presented [August 12nd, 2010]. Title: Removing textured artifacts from digital photos by using spatial ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Removing Textured Artifacts from Digital Photos Using Spatial Frequency Filtering Author: Huang, Ben Year: 2010 An abstract of the thesis of Ben Huang for the Master of Science in Electric and Computer Science presented [August 12nd, 2010]. Title: Removing textured artifacts from digital photos by using spatial frequency filtering Virtually all image processing is now done with digital images. These images, captured with digital cameras, can be readily processed with various types of editing software to serve a multitude of personal and commercial purposes. But not all images are directly captured and even of those that are directly captured many are not of sufficiently high quality. Digital images are also acquired by scanning old paper images. The result is often a digital image of poor quality. Textured artifacts on some old paper pictures were designed to help protect pictures from discoloration. However, after scanning, these textured artifacts exhibit annoying textured noise in the digital image, highly degrading the visual definition of images on electronic screens. This kind of image noise is academically called global periodic noise. It is in a spurious and repetitive pattern that exists consistently throughout the image. There does not appear to be any commercial graphic software with a tool box to directly resolve this global periodic noise. Even Photoshop, considered to be the most powerful and authoritative graphic software, does not have an effective function to reduce textured noise. This thesis addresses this problem by proposing the use of an alternative graphic filter to what is currently available. To achieve the best image quality in photographic editing, spatial frequency domain filtering is utilized instead of spatial domain filtering. In frequency domain images, the consistent periodicity of the textured noise leads to well defined spikes in the frequency transform of the noisy image. When the noise spikes are at a sufficient distance from the image spectrum, they can be removed by reducing their frequency amplitudes. The filtered spectrum may then yield a noise reduced image through inverse frequency transforming. This thesis proposes a method to reduce periodic noise in the spatial frequency domain; summarizes the difference between DFT and DCT, FFT and fast DCT in image processing applications; uses fast DCT as the frequency transform to solve the problem in order to improve both computational load and filtered image quality; and develops software that can be implemented as a plug in for large graphic software to remove textured artifacts from digital images. Title: Removing Textured Artifacts from Digital Photos Using Spatial Frequency Filtering Author: Huang, Ben Year: 2010 An abstract of the thesis of Ben Huang for the Master of Science in Electric and Computer Science presented [August 12nd, 2010]. Title: Removing textured artifacts from digital photos by using spatial frequency filtering Virtually all image processing is now done with digital images. These images, captured with digital cameras, can be readily processed with various types of editing software to serve a multitude of personal and commercial purposes. But not all images are directly captured and even of those that are directly captured many are not of sufficiently high quality. Digital images are also acquired by scanning old paper images. The result is often a digital image of poor quality. Textured artifacts on some old paper pictures were designed to help protect pictures from discoloration. However, after scanning, these textured artifacts exhibit annoying textured noise in the digital image, highly degrading the visual definition of images on electronic screens. This kind of image noise is academically called global periodic noise. It is in a spurious and repetitive pattern that exists consistently throughout the image. There does not appear to be any commercial graphic software with a tool box to directly resolve this global periodic noise. Even Photoshop, considered to be the most powerful and authoritative graphic software, does not have an effective function to reduce textured noise. This thesis addresses this problem by proposing the use of an alternative graphic filter to what is currently available. To achieve the best image quality in photographic editing, spatial frequency domain filtering is utilized instead of spatial domain filtering. In frequency domain images, the consistent periodicity of the textured noise leads to well defined spikes in the frequency transform of the noisy image. When the noise spikes are at a sufficient distance from the image spectrum, they can be removed by reducing their frequency amplitudes. The filtered spectrum may then yield a noise reduced image through inverse frequency transforming. This thesis proposes a method to reduce periodic noise in the spatial frequency domain; summarizes the difference between DFT and DCT, FFT and fast DCT in image processing applications; uses fast DCT as the frequency transform to solve the problem in order to improve both computational load and filtered image quality; and develops software that can be implemented as a plug in for large graphic software to remove textured artifacts from digital images. Close

• 48. [Article] Portland State Library Update: News for Supporters and Friends; Spring 2015

  In this issue: What Students Love about the Library, New Collection of Historic Campus Photos, Special Collections Research Fellow, Book of Hours on Display, and Dark Horse Characters on Display

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Portland State Library Update: News for Supporters and Friends; Spring 2015 Author: Portland State University Library Year: 2015 In this issue: What Students Love about the Library, New Collection of Historic Campus Photos, Special Collections Research Fellow, Book of Hours on Display, and Dark Horse Characters on Display Title: Portland State Library Update: News for Supporters and Friends; Spring 2015 Author: Portland State University Library Year: 2015 In this issue: What Students Love about the Library, New Collection of Historic Campus Photos, Special Collections Research Fellow, Book of Hours on Display, and Dark Horse Characters on Display Close

• 49. [Article] Portland State Library Update: News for Supporters and Friends; Fall 2014

  In this issue: Oregon Public Speakers Collection; Donor spotlight: Bob Rawson; New Development Officer, Lauren Clark; Athletics Photos in Digital Gallery; and Digitizing Theses and Dissertations.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Portland State Library Update: News for Supporters and Friends; Fall 2014 Author: Portland State University Library Year: 2014 In this issue: Oregon Public Speakers Collection; Donor spotlight: Bob Rawson; New Development Officer, Lauren Clark; Athletics Photos in Digital Gallery; and Digitizing Theses and Dissertations. Title: Portland State Library Update: News for Supporters and Friends; Fall 2014 Author: Portland State University Library Year: 2014 In this issue: Oregon Public Speakers Collection; Donor spotlight: Bob Rawson; New Development Officer, Lauren Clark; Athletics Photos in Digital Gallery; and Digitizing Theses and Dissertations. Close

• 50. [Article] Match That Photo! Embracing Analog Methods to Enhance Digital Collections

  When creating digital collections, different methods and workflows may be considered depending on the size, amount of metadata, and who will be staffing parts of the digitization process. Feeling overwhelmed ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Match That Photo! Embracing Analog Methods to Enhance Digital Collections Author: Passehl-Stoddart, Erin Year: 2015 When creating digital collections, different methods and workflows may be considered depending on the size, amount of metadata, and who will be staffing parts of the digitization process. Feeling overwhelmed with 500+ photographs with minimal metadata, I employed an analog tactic: playing a card matching game with printed photographs. Through matching, metadata was enhanced and locations identified more efficiently than staring at a computer screen. The collection was recently published online and has received local and statewide attention, in part due to its enhanced metadata and researched storyline. This poster will present alternative ways to employ visual literacy tactics to provide a creative, fun way to involve students and staff in creating and enhancing large digital collections. Title: Match That Photo! Embracing Analog Methods to Enhance Digital Collections Author: Passehl-Stoddart, Erin Year: 2015 When creating digital collections, different methods and workflows may be considered depending on the size, amount of metadata, and who will be staffing parts of the digitization process. Feeling overwhelmed with 500+ photographs with minimal metadata, I employed an analog tactic: playing a card matching game with printed photographs. Through matching, metadata was enhanced and locations identified more efficiently than staring at a computer screen. The collection was recently published online and has received local and statewide attention, in part due to its enhanced metadata and researched storyline. This poster will present alternative ways to employ visual literacy tactics to provide a creative, fun way to involve students and staff in creating and enhancing large digital collections. Close

• 51. [Article] Structure from Motion Elevation Model for Adding Topographic Correction to Ground Penetrating Radar

  High resolution elevation models have become a standard tool in environmental, geological and archaeological investigations, however; the cost of acquiring Lidar in remote areas, on small project sites ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Structure from Motion Elevation Model for Adding Topographic Correction to Ground Penetrating Radar Author: Mowbray, Leslie A Year: 2015 High resolution elevation models have become a standard tool in environmental, geological and archaeological investigations, however; the cost of acquiring Lidar in remote areas, on small project sites or over repeated time intervals remains prohibitively expensive. Here, open-source software and GIS are used to create a digital elevation model (DEM) from aerial photos in a process known as Structure from Motion (SfM). This process is a fraction of the cost of Lidar acquisition, and is shown to produce a model with comparable resolution. The photos used here were taken from a camera hung from a balloon flown at Mickey Springs in the Alvord Desert, SE Oregon. The model was georeferenced by a combination of handheld GPS and total-station-surveyed ground control points (GCPs). As a proof-of-concept, DEM-derived elevation profiles are compared to total-station-surveyed elevation profiles (independent of the GCPs) and used to apply topographic correction to ground penetrating radar (GPR) transects. The results of this study show that SfM-derived DEMs can be used to topographically correct dense grids of GPR, or be used to add topography to other subsurface investigations such as resistivity or seismic surveys, saving time in the field. Title: Structure from Motion Elevation Model for Adding Topographic Correction to Ground Penetrating Radar Author: Mowbray, Leslie A Year: 2015 High resolution elevation models have become a standard tool in environmental, geological and archaeological investigations, however; the cost of acquiring Lidar in remote areas, on small project sites or over repeated time intervals remains prohibitively expensive. Here, open-source software and GIS are used to create a digital elevation model (DEM) from aerial photos in a process known as Structure from Motion (SfM). This process is a fraction of the cost of Lidar acquisition, and is shown to produce a model with comparable resolution. The photos used here were taken from a camera hung from a balloon flown at Mickey Springs in the Alvord Desert, SE Oregon. The model was georeferenced by a combination of handheld GPS and total-station-surveyed ground control points (GCPs). As a proof-of-concept, DEM-derived elevation profiles are compared to total-station-surveyed elevation profiles (independent of the GCPs) and used to apply topographic correction to ground penetrating radar (GPR) transects. The results of this study show that SfM-derived DEMs can be used to topographically correct dense grids of GPR, or be used to add topography to other subsurface investigations such as resistivity or seismic surveys, saving time in the field. Close

• 52. [Article] A Critical Race Analysis of Travel for Transformation: Pedagogy for the Privileged or Vehicle for Socio-Cultural Transformation?

  Transformative learning theory (TLT) describes the process of reframing discriminative, untenable worldviews with a more inclusive, permeable, and reflective epistemology. Although TLT has been around ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Critical Race Analysis of Travel for Transformation: Pedagogy for the Privileged or Vehicle for Socio-Cultural Transformation? Author: Gambrell, James Arthur Year: 2015 Transformative learning theory (TLT) describes the process of reframing discriminative, untenable worldviews with a more inclusive, permeable, and reflective epistemology. Although TLT has been around for more than 50 years, few studies empirically engage critical theoretical frameworks to move beyond personal learning to identify the impacts of transformation on society. Through a critical race theory (CRT) framework, this study analyzed how the participants' socio-cultural identities (race, class, gender, sexuality, and heritage language) impacted the transformative learning of eight study-abroad students from a medium-sized, rural Midwestern university. Focusing on the extent to which the participants experienced the elements of transformative learning during a month-long study-abroad experience in Spain, this project explored what the experience of traveling to an "other" place and experiencing "otherness" had on transformative learning. This qualitative study drew from extensive ethnographic observations, photo analysis, and informal, semi-formal, and focus-group interviews. During the study, the researcher analyzed data to construct codes and categories for further analysis, incorporating multiple member-checks to promote the narratives of the participants. Following data collection, the researcher used constructivist grounded theory to further scrutinize the data searching for salient themes and patterns connected to the research questions. Race and class privilege (or marginalization) had an impact on the study-abroad participants' worldviews and transformative learning. Participants from backgrounds of racial and class privilege experienced transformations that were deeply engaging on a personal level, but were not motivated toward more justified beliefs or action toward others. In contrast, participants from backgrounds of lesser socio-cultural privilege demonstrated increased critical social reflection and transformative outcomes, both personal and social. These findings led the researcher to question if there might be more effective avenues toward critical social transformation than the pedagogy of the privileged of travel for transformation. Title: A Critical Race Analysis of Travel for Transformation: Pedagogy for the Privileged or Vehicle for Socio-Cultural Transformation? Author: Gambrell, James Arthur Year: 2015 Transformative learning theory (TLT) describes the process of reframing discriminative, untenable worldviews with a more inclusive, permeable, and reflective epistemology. Although TLT has been around for more than 50 years, few studies empirically engage critical theoretical frameworks to move beyond personal learning to identify the impacts of transformation on society. Through a critical race theory (CRT) framework, this study analyzed how the participants' socio-cultural identities (race, class, gender, sexuality, and heritage language) impacted the transformative learning of eight study-abroad students from a medium-sized, rural Midwestern university. Focusing on the extent to which the participants experienced the elements of transformative learning during a month-long study-abroad experience in Spain, this project explored what the experience of traveling to an "other" place and experiencing "otherness" had on transformative learning. This qualitative study drew from extensive ethnographic observations, photo analysis, and informal, semi-formal, and focus-group interviews. During the study, the researcher analyzed data to construct codes and categories for further analysis, incorporating multiple member-checks to promote the narratives of the participants. Following data collection, the researcher used constructivist grounded theory to further scrutinize the data searching for salient themes and patterns connected to the research questions. Race and class privilege (or marginalization) had an impact on the study-abroad participants' worldviews and transformative learning. Participants from backgrounds of racial and class privilege experienced transformations that were deeply engaging on a personal level, but were not motivated toward more justified beliefs or action toward others. In contrast, participants from backgrounds of lesser socio-cultural privilege demonstrated increased critical social reflection and transformative outcomes, both personal and social. These findings led the researcher to question if there might be more effective avenues toward critical social transformation than the pedagogy of the privileged of travel for transformation. Close

• 53. [Article] Teacher Learning: Documentation, Collaboration, and Reflection

  Inspired by the Municipal preprimary schools of Reggio Emilia, Italy, two art studio teachers and a researcher have explored experiences and meaning in the atelier. When studio teachers document children's ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Teacher Learning: Documentation, Collaboration, and Reflection Author: Parnell, William A. Year: 2005 Inspired by the Municipal preprimary schools of Reggio Emilia, Italy, two art studio teachers and a researcher have explored experiences and meaning in the atelier. When studio teachers document children's thinking through digital photographs. transcribed audio tapes, quotations of a child's verbal thoughts, and copies of their work, an indescribable moment in teacher thinking interweaves with the child's learning, As teachers capture children's representations, investigate, interpret, and share their ideas with colleagues and community-an underlying question emerges. What are studio teachers' experiences o/teaching-learning in the atelier as they utilize documentation, collaboration, and reflection as a way to inform their practices? From this question, reader and researcher start a journey together into a six-month phenomenological study of studio teaching experiences. As a core member in the teaching team, the studio teacher resides in the atelier to bring teaching and learning together in a profound way, to bridge classroom experiences with representative arts, and to facilitate the community's learning about teaching-learning. The methods used to inform this study include observations, in-depth interviews, electronic journaling, description, photos, and interpretation of studio work. Overall, this study's methods inform the phenomenological research and construct an in-depth look at experiences in the artist's studio. The results of this research are retold through narratives focusing on experiences and meaning-making in the studios. Stories such as living with the cracked egg; isolation in the studio: gifts for others; rough stones polishing one another; and many others, utilize photographs to enhance meaning through picturesque artifacts. Essential themes, conclusions, and implications appear in the webbing of experiences and are explored in the final chapter. The themes include conceptual frameworks such as life eats entropy, serendipity and synergy and more. Conclusions are drawn and findings are made connecting studio experiences to participant voice, disequilibrium, listening, engaging, stepping back, and slowing time; demonstrating documentation as learning, revisiting, representation, and manageability; making meaning of collaboration as struggle, communication, and reconstruction; and reflecting back as purposeful and an act of teaching-learning. Overall, this research study exposes techniques, ideas, and wonderings from two studio teachers' and a researcher's experiences in the atelier. Title: Teacher Learning: Documentation, Collaboration, and Reflection Author: Parnell, William A. Year: 2005 Inspired by the Municipal preprimary schools of Reggio Emilia, Italy, two art studio teachers and a researcher have explored experiences and meaning in the atelier. When studio teachers document children's thinking through digital photographs. transcribed audio tapes, quotations of a child's verbal thoughts, and copies of their work, an indescribable moment in teacher thinking interweaves with the child's learning, As teachers capture children's representations, investigate, interpret, and share their ideas with colleagues and community-an underlying question emerges. What are studio teachers' experiences o/teaching-learning in the atelier as they utilize documentation, collaboration, and reflection as a way to inform their practices? From this question, reader and researcher start a journey together into a six-month phenomenological study of studio teaching experiences. As a core member in the teaching team, the studio teacher resides in the atelier to bring teaching and learning together in a profound way, to bridge classroom experiences with representative arts, and to facilitate the community's learning about teaching-learning. The methods used to inform this study include observations, in-depth interviews, electronic journaling, description, photos, and interpretation of studio work. Overall, this study's methods inform the phenomenological research and construct an in-depth look at experiences in the artist's studio. The results of this research are retold through narratives focusing on experiences and meaning-making in the studios. Stories such as living with the cracked egg; isolation in the studio: gifts for others; rough stones polishing one another; and many others, utilize photographs to enhance meaning through picturesque artifacts. Essential themes, conclusions, and implications appear in the webbing of experiences and are explored in the final chapter. The themes include conceptual frameworks such as life eats entropy, serendipity and synergy and more. Conclusions are drawn and findings are made connecting studio experiences to participant voice, disequilibrium, listening, engaging, stepping back, and slowing time; demonstrating documentation as learning, revisiting, representation, and manageability; making meaning of collaboration as struggle, communication, and reconstruction; and reflecting back as purposeful and an act of teaching-learning. Overall, this research study exposes techniques, ideas, and wonderings from two studio teachers' and a researcher's experiences in the atelier. Close

• 54. [Article] Album 15, Photo #29

  Will Rutherford, brother of Otto, aged 14 years

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #29 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1922 Will Rutherford, brother of Otto, aged 14 years Title: Album 15, Photo #29 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1922 Will Rutherford, brother of Otto, aged 14 years Close

• 55. [Article] Album 15, Photo #19

  From back of photo: "Billy Rutherford, Columbia, SC, age 12, grade 7, To Uncle Will"

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #19 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1953 From back of photo: "Billy Rutherford, Columbia, SC, age 12, grade 7, To Uncle Will" Title: Album 15, Photo #19 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1953 From back of photo: "Billy Rutherford, Columbia, SC, age 12, grade 7, To Uncle Will" Close

• 56. [Article] Album 15, Photo #06

  Rutherford home in Columbia, SC

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #06 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1897 Rutherford home in Columbia, SC Title: Album 15, Photo #06 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1897 Rutherford home in Columbia, SC Close

• 57. [Article] Album 15, Photo #03

  Lottie White Rutherford, mother to Otto Rutherford

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #03 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1898 Lottie White Rutherford, mother to Otto Rutherford Title: Album 15, Photo #03 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1898 Lottie White Rutherford, mother to Otto Rutherford Close

• 58. [Article] Album 15, Photo #22

  "George Hardin: Portland's First Black Policeman"

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #22 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1894 "George Hardin: Portland's First Black Policeman" Title: Album 15, Photo #22 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1894 "George Hardin: Portland's First Black Policeman" Close

• 59. [Article] Album 15, Photo #18

  Portrait

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #18 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1926 Portrait Title: Album 15, Photo #18 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1926 Portrait Close

• 60. [Article] Album 15, Photo #14

  W.H. Rutherford, Sr.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #14 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1898 W.H. Rutherford, Sr. Title: Album 15, Photo #14 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1898 W.H. Rutherford, Sr. Close

• 61. [Article] Album 15, Photo #13

  W.H. Rutherford, Sr, grandfather to Otto, Hot Springs, Arkansas. Born into slavery in 1852, Rutherford was educated and emancipated by his slave owner father. Married Cornelia Hunt (b. 1852). From back ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #13 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1895 W.H. Rutherford, Sr, grandfather to Otto, Hot Springs, Arkansas. Born into slavery in 1852, Rutherford was educated and emancipated by his slave owner father. Married Cornelia Hunt (b. 1852). From back of photo: "W. H. Rutherford: Oct 5, 1852-Sept 22, 1910. Earle Wayne Rutherford's great-great grandfather" Title: Album 15, Photo #13 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1895 W.H. Rutherford, Sr, grandfather to Otto, Hot Springs, Arkansas. Born into slavery in 1852, Rutherford was educated and emancipated by his slave owner father. Married Cornelia Hunt (b. 1852). From back of photo: "W. H. Rutherford: Oct 5, 1852-Sept 22, 1910. Earle Wayne Rutherford's great-great grandfather" Close

• 62. [Article] Album 15, Photo #08

  Otto Rutherford, 1931, age 21

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #08 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1931 Otto Rutherford, 1931, age 21 Title: Album 15, Photo #08 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1931 Otto Rutherford, 1931, age 21 Close

• 63. [Article] Album 15, Photo #01

  W.H. Rutherford at work in barbershop in Columbia, SC, 1899

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #01 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1899 W.H. Rutherford at work in barbershop in Columbia, SC, 1899 Title: Album 15, Photo #01 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1899 W.H. Rutherford at work in barbershop in Columbia, SC, 1899 Close

• 64. [Article] Album 2, Photo #33

  Children's portraits

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 2, Photo #33 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1914 Children's portraits Title: Album 2, Photo #33 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1914 Children's portraits Close

• 65. [Article] Album 15, Photo #30

  From back of photo: “Earl W. Burdine, shop in Oklahoma where he worked, 1910”

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #30 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1910 From back of photo: “Earl W. Burdine, shop in Oklahoma where he worked, 1910” Title: Album 15, Photo #30 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1910 From back of photo: “Earl W. Burdine, shop in Oklahoma where he worked, 1910” Close

• 66. [Article] Album 15, Photo #28

  Otto Rutherford portrait, c. 1930s

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #28 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1936 Otto Rutherford portrait, c. 1930s Title: Album 15, Photo #28 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1936 Otto Rutherford portrait, c. 1930s Close

• 67. [Article] Album 15, Photo #24

  Rutherford Brothers Gents Furnishings, 393 NW Flanders St. From back of photo: May 1, 1910, Portland Ore, Shop No 1".

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #24 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1910 Rutherford Brothers Gents Furnishings, 393 NW Flanders St. From back of photo: May 1, 1910, Portland Ore, Shop No 1". Title: Album 15, Photo #24 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1910 Rutherford Brothers Gents Furnishings, 393 NW Flanders St. From back of photo: May 1, 1910, Portland Ore, Shop No 1". Close

• 68. [Article] Album 15, Photo #20

  W.H. and Allen Rutherford, brothers to Otto. From back of photo: "W.H., 5 yrs 8 months, Allen Douglas, 3 yrs 2 months"

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #20 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1919 W.H. and Allen Rutherford, brothers to Otto. From back of photo: "W.H., 5 yrs 8 months, Allen Douglas, 3 yrs 2 months" Title: Album 15, Photo #20 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1919 W.H. and Allen Rutherford, brothers to Otto. From back of photo: "W.H., 5 yrs 8 months, Allen Douglas, 3 yrs 2 months" Close

• 69. [Article] Album 15, Photo #17

  Mamie Goodwin

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #17 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1930 Mamie Goodwin Title: Album 15, Photo #17 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1930 Mamie Goodwin Close

• 70. [Article] Album 15, Photo #10

  Duplicate of Page 9 with photography studio/location

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Album 15, Photo #10 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1891 Duplicate of Page 9 with photography studio/location Title: Album 15, Photo #10 Author: Rutherford Family Year: 1891 Duplicate of Page 9 with photography studio/location Close

• 71. [Article] Waiting for the Wisdom to Drop: A Photovoice Exploration of Menopause

  The purpose of this study was to create a women’s menopause discussion group based on the Photo Voice method, to use a narrative approach to learn what is currently relevant in the experience of menopausal ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Waiting for the Wisdom to Drop: A Photovoice Exploration of Menopause Author: Free, Delinda L. Year: 2017 The purpose of this study was to create a women’s menopause discussion group based on the Photo Voice method, to use a narrative approach to learn what is currently relevant in the experience of menopausal women, to reveal insights about menopause as a phase of psychological development, and to bring a visual representation together with narratives to tell a story about the collective psychological themes. Participants were asked to meet and reflect on what has changed in their values, attitudes, aspirations, goals, and outlook on life. Then participants were asked to take pictures over the course of a week, and bring them back to the group to share their stories of the meanings of the photos. Photos and recorded narratives were then sorted into themes, and categories were created with photos and narrative to represent the phases of the inner experience of the menopausal transition that the participants had expressed. The categories were found to reveal the arc of a journey representing a rapid change of self-identity with 9 phases: initiation, self-consciousness, effort, perspective, deconstruction, surrender, reorganization, integration and growth. Participants found value in community connection, with the opportunity to validate and normalize their internal experiences through communication. Title: Waiting for the Wisdom to Drop: A Photovoice Exploration of Menopause Author: Free, Delinda L. Year: 2017 The purpose of this study was to create a women’s menopause discussion group based on the Photo Voice method, to use a narrative approach to learn what is currently relevant in the experience of menopausal women, to reveal insights about menopause as a phase of psychological development, and to bring a visual representation together with narratives to tell a story about the collective psychological themes. Participants were asked to meet and reflect on what has changed in their values, attitudes, aspirations, goals, and outlook on life. Then participants were asked to take pictures over the course of a week, and bring them back to the group to share their stories of the meanings of the photos. Photos and recorded narratives were then sorted into themes, and categories were created with photos and narrative to represent the phases of the inner experience of the menopausal transition that the participants had expressed. The categories were found to reveal the arc of a journey representing a rapid change of self-identity with 9 phases: initiation, self-consciousness, effort, perspective, deconstruction, surrender, reorganization, integration and growth. Participants found value in community connection, with the opportunity to validate and normalize their internal experiences through communication. Close

• 72. [Article] Photo-realist portraiture

  A thesis report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in Painting.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Photo-realist portraiture Author: Fleskes, Elaine R. Year: 1984 A thesis report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in Painting. Title: Photo-realist portraiture Author: Fleskes, Elaine R. Year: 1984 A thesis report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Fine Arts in Painting. Close

• 73. [Article] Mapping the Library Collections

  Many libraries have digital map collections, but what about mapping the library? Creating interactive digital maps helps us locate resources and offers additional points of entry to library information. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mapping the Library Collections Author: Miller‐Francisco, Emily, Miller‐Francisco, Grant Year: 2012 Many libraries have digital map collections, but what about mapping the library? Creating interactive digital maps helps us locate resources and offers additional points of entry to library information. We will demonstrate opensource solutions for creating web maps, and show what we have learned in the process of creating two digital webbased maps: (1) an historical campus mapcombining historical photos of the campus with an interactive timeline; (2) a map of the library's collections. Title: Mapping the Library Collections Author: Miller‐Francisco, Emily, Miller‐Francisco, Grant Year: 2012 Many libraries have digital map collections, but what about mapping the library? Creating interactive digital maps helps us locate resources and offers additional points of entry to library information. We will demonstrate opensource solutions for creating web maps, and show what we have learned in the process of creating two digital webbased maps: (1) an historical campus mapcombining historical photos of the campus with an interactive timeline; (2) a map of the library's collections. Close

• 74. [Article] A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Parents of Young Children with Autism Receiving Special Education Services

  Over the past two decades reported rates of autism have steadily risen. The current incidence is 1 in 68 children. While autism can be reliably diagnosed at 18 months in most children with the condition, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Parents of Young Children with Autism Receiving Special Education Services Author: Barrow, Donna Marie Year: 2017 Over the past two decades reported rates of autism have steadily risen. The current incidence is 1 in 68 children. While autism can be reliably diagnosed at 18 months in most children with the condition, specialized autism treatment rarely begins before a child's third or fourth birthday. As screening and diagnosis procedures improve so does the need for effective early interventions for autism. Researchers and professionals have expressed a growing concern over the need for effective early interventions for infants and toddlers with autism. At the same time, there is a dearth of qualitative research exploring the needs and experiences of parents with a very young child with autism. Employing a phenomenological framework, the purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of parents of a young child with autism receiving early special education services. Unstructured interviews and photo elicitation were used to generate rich, detailed descriptions of the phenomenon. Data analysis from photographic images and narrative dialogues illuminated six essential themes across participants: (a) parents as pioneers: forging the way for future families; (b) making the journey as a family; (c) navigating uncharted service systems; (d) overcoming challenges and obstacles; (e) resilience, ingenuity and hope; and (f) reflecting on the first three years and looking forward. Participants expressed that they felt this study gave them a "voice" in the research literature. This study is one of the first to investigate the lived experiences of parents as they seek and secure autism services for their child under five with autism. Title: A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Parents of Young Children with Autism Receiving Special Education Services Author: Barrow, Donna Marie Year: 2017 Over the past two decades reported rates of autism have steadily risen. The current incidence is 1 in 68 children. While autism can be reliably diagnosed at 18 months in most children with the condition, specialized autism treatment rarely begins before a child's third or fourth birthday. As screening and diagnosis procedures improve so does the need for effective early interventions for autism. Researchers and professionals have expressed a growing concern over the need for effective early interventions for infants and toddlers with autism. At the same time, there is a dearth of qualitative research exploring the needs and experiences of parents with a very young child with autism. Employing a phenomenological framework, the purpose of this study was to investigate the lived experiences of parents of a young child with autism receiving early special education services. Unstructured interviews and photo elicitation were used to generate rich, detailed descriptions of the phenomenon. Data analysis from photographic images and narrative dialogues illuminated six essential themes across participants: (a) parents as pioneers: forging the way for future families; (b) making the journey as a family; (c) navigating uncharted service systems; (d) overcoming challenges and obstacles; (e) resilience, ingenuity and hope; and (f) reflecting on the first three years and looking forward. Participants expressed that they felt this study gave them a "voice" in the research literature. This study is one of the first to investigate the lived experiences of parents as they seek and secure autism services for their child under five with autism. Close

• 75. [Article] Formulation of Colloidal Suspensions of 3-mercaptopropionic acid capped PbS Quantum Dots as Solution Processable QD "Inks" for Optoelectronic Applications

  The use of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) for photovoltaic energy conversion is a nascent field that has been dominated for well over a decade by the use of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) capped PbS QDs. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Formulation of Colloidal Suspensions of 3-mercaptopropionic acid capped PbS Quantum Dots as Solution Processable QD "Inks" for Optoelectronic Applications Author: Reinhart, Chase Collier Year: 2016 The use of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) for photovoltaic energy conversion is a nascent field that has been dominated for well over a decade by the use of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) capped PbS QDs. These QDs are routinely deposited via an in situ solid state ligand exchange process that displaces the native oleate ligand on the PbS QD surface. This ligand exchange procedure is wasteful of material and has been demonstrated to leave numerous impurities that limit electronic performance of the as-deposited QD devices. Until the last few years there was very little understanding in chemical literature as to many important aspects of QD chemistry for this material pairing outside the framework of a QD solid. In this work, a colloidal suspension of 3-MPA capped PbS QDs in DMSO was formulated and investigated to probe ligand dynamics and optical properties of the suspended colloid. QD bound 3-MPA was found to be in dynamic exchange with "free" ligand in solution by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Optical properties and colloidal stability were found to be heavily dependent on the presence of a significant excess of free ligand. PbS QDs were also found to be highly photo-catalytic towards oxidative dimerization of 3-MPA to its dimer, dithiodipropionic acid (dTdPA). After an initial colloidal suspension was achieved, attempts were made to directly deposit the colloid as a QD "ink" to form optoelectronic devices. While photo-switchable devices were obtained, ultimately it was determined that DMSO was a largely incompatible solvent choice for solution processing methodologies. Subsequently, 3-MPA capped PbS QD colloids were obtained in volatile organic solvents amenable to solution processing by the addition of a stabilizing ammonium salt. These QD colloids maintained excellently resolved optical properties and were able to form conformal coatings from simple evaporative deposition. The ligand chemistry of this colloid was extensively investigated via NMR and optical spectroscopy. These QDs were also found to be highly photo-catalytic towards conversion of monomer 3-MPA to dTdPA. Title: Formulation of Colloidal Suspensions of 3-mercaptopropionic acid capped PbS Quantum Dots as Solution Processable QD "Inks" for Optoelectronic Applications Author: Reinhart, Chase Collier Year: 2016 The use of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) for photovoltaic energy conversion is a nascent field that has been dominated for well over a decade by the use of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) capped PbS QDs. These QDs are routinely deposited via an in situ solid state ligand exchange process that displaces the native oleate ligand on the PbS QD surface. This ligand exchange procedure is wasteful of material and has been demonstrated to leave numerous impurities that limit electronic performance of the as-deposited QD devices. Until the last few years there was very little understanding in chemical literature as to many important aspects of QD chemistry for this material pairing outside the framework of a QD solid. In this work, a colloidal suspension of 3-MPA capped PbS QDs in DMSO was formulated and investigated to probe ligand dynamics and optical properties of the suspended colloid. QD bound 3-MPA was found to be in dynamic exchange with "free" ligand in solution by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Optical properties and colloidal stability were found to be heavily dependent on the presence of a significant excess of free ligand. PbS QDs were also found to be highly photo-catalytic towards oxidative dimerization of 3-MPA to its dimer, dithiodipropionic acid (dTdPA). After an initial colloidal suspension was achieved, attempts were made to directly deposit the colloid as a QD "ink" to form optoelectronic devices. While photo-switchable devices were obtained, ultimately it was determined that DMSO was a largely incompatible solvent choice for solution processing methodologies. Subsequently, 3-MPA capped PbS QD colloids were obtained in volatile organic solvents amenable to solution processing by the addition of a stabilizing ammonium salt. These QD colloids maintained excellently resolved optical properties and were able to form conformal coatings from simple evaporative deposition. The ligand chemistry of this colloid was extensively investigated via NMR and optical spectroscopy. These QDs were also found to be highly photo-catalytic towards conversion of monomer 3-MPA to dTdPA. Close

• 76. [Article] Beyond the Angle of Repose: A Review and Synthesis of Landslide Processes in Response to Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California

  In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Beyond the Angle of Repose: A Review and Synthesis of Landslide Processes in Response to Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California Author: Roering, Joshua J., Mackey, Benjamin H., Handwerger, Alexander L., Booth, Adam M., Schmidt, David A., Bennett, Georgina L., Cerovski-Darriau, Corina Year: 2015 In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope angles approach a limiting value. For decades, the threshold slope model has been invoked to account for landslide-driven increases in sediment flux that limit topographic relief, but the manner by which slope failures organize themselves spatially and temporally in order for erosion to keep pace with rock uplift has not been well documented. Here, we review past work and present new findings from remote sensing, cosmogenic adionuclides, suspended sediment records, and airborne lidar data, to decipher patterns of landslide activity and geomorphic processes related to rapid uplift along the northward-migrating Mendocino Triple Junction in Northern California. From historical air photos and airborne lidar, we estimated the velocity and sediment flux associated with active, slow-moving landslides (or earthflows) in the mélange- and argillite-dominated Eel River watershed using the downslope displacement of surface markers such as trees and shrubs. Although active landslides that directly convey sediment into the channel network account for only 7% of the landscape surface, their sediment flux amounts to more than 50% of the suspended load recorded at downstream sediment gauging stations. These active slides tend to exhibit seasonal variations in velocity as satellite-based interferometry has demonstrated that rapid acceleration commences within 1 to 2 months of the onset of autumn rainfall events before slower deceleration ensues in the spring and summer months. Curiously, this seasonal velocity pattern does not appear to vary with landslide size, suggesting that complex hydrologic-mechanical feedbacks (rather than 1-D pore pressure diffusion) may govern slide dynamics. A new analysis of 14 years of discharge and sediment concentration data for the Eel River indicates that the characteristic mid-winter timing of earthflow acceleration corresponds with increased suspended concentration values, suggesting that the seasonal onset of landslide motion each year may be reflected in the export of sediments to the continental margin. The vast majority of active slides exhibit gullied surfaces and the gully networks, which are also seasonally active, may facilitate sediment export although the proportion of material produced by this pathway is poorly known. Along Kekawaka Creek, a prominent tributary to the Eel River, new analyses of catchment-averaged erosion rates derived from cosmogenic radionuclides reveal rapid erosion (0.76 mm/yr) below a prominent knickpoint and slower erosion (0.29 mm/yr) upstream. Such knickpoints are frequently observed in Eel tributaries and are usually comprised of massive (>10m) interlocking resistant boulders that likely persist in the landscape for long time periods (>105yr). Upstream of these knickpoints, active landslides tend to be less frequent and average slope angles are slightly gentler than in downstream areas, which indicates that landslide density and average slope angle appear to increase with erosion rate. Lastly, we synthesize evidence for the role of large, catastrophic landslides in regulating sediment flux and landscape form. The emergence of resistant blocks within the mélange bedrock has promoted large catastrophic slides that have dammed the Eel River and perhaps generated outburst events in the past. The frequency and impact of these landslide dams likely depend on the spatial and size distributions of resistant blocks relative to the width and drainage area of adjacent valley networks. Overall, our findings demonstrate that landslides within the Eel River catchment do not occur randomly, but instead exhibit spatial and temporal patterns related to baselevel lowering, climate forcing, and lithologic variations. Combined with recent landscape evolution models that incorporate landslides, these results provide predictive capability for estimating erosion rates and managing hazards in mountainous regions. Title: Beyond the Angle of Repose: A Review and Synthesis of Landslide Processes in Response to Rapid Uplift, Eel River, Northern Eel River, Northern California Author: Roering, Joshua J., Mackey, Benjamin H., Handwerger, Alexander L., Booth, Adam M., Schmidt, David A., Bennett, Georgina L., Cerovski-Darriau, Corina Year: 2015 In mountainous settings, increases in rock uplift are often followed by a commensurate uptick in denudation as rivers incise and steepen hillslopes, making them increasingly prone to landsliding as slope angles approach a limiting value. For decades, the threshold slope model has been invoked to account for landslide-driven increases in sediment flux that limit topographic relief, but the manner by which slope failures organize themselves spatially and temporally in order for erosion to keep pace with rock uplift has not been well documented. Here, we review past work and present new findings from remote sensing, cosmogenic adionuclides, suspended sediment records, and airborne lidar data, to decipher patterns of landslide activity and geomorphic processes related to rapid uplift along the northward-migrating Mendocino Triple Junction in Northern California. From historical air photos and airborne lidar, we estimated the velocity and sediment flux associated with active, slow-moving landslides (or earthflows) in the mélange- and argillite-dominated Eel River watershed using the downslope displacement of surface markers such as trees and shrubs. Although active landslides that directly convey sediment into the channel network account for only 7% of the landscape surface, their sediment flux amounts to more than 50% of the suspended load recorded at downstream sediment gauging stations. These active slides tend to exhibit seasonal variations in velocity as satellite-based interferometry has demonstrated that rapid acceleration commences within 1 to 2 months of the onset of autumn rainfall events before slower deceleration ensues in the spring and summer months. Curiously, this seasonal velocity pattern does not appear to vary with landslide size, suggesting that complex hydrologic-mechanical feedbacks (rather than 1-D pore pressure diffusion) may govern slide dynamics. A new analysis of 14 years of discharge and sediment concentration data for the Eel River indicates that the characteristic mid-winter timing of earthflow acceleration corresponds with increased suspended concentration values, suggesting that the seasonal onset of landslide motion each year may be reflected in the export of sediments to the continental margin. The vast majority of active slides exhibit gullied surfaces and the gully networks, which are also seasonally active, may facilitate sediment export although the proportion of material produced by this pathway is poorly known. Along Kekawaka Creek, a prominent tributary to the Eel River, new analyses of catchment-averaged erosion rates derived from cosmogenic radionuclides reveal rapid erosion (0.76 mm/yr) below a prominent knickpoint and slower erosion (0.29 mm/yr) upstream. Such knickpoints are frequently observed in Eel tributaries and are usually comprised of massive (>10m) interlocking resistant boulders that likely persist in the landscape for long time periods (>105yr). Upstream of these knickpoints, active landslides tend to be less frequent and average slope angles are slightly gentler than in downstream areas, which indicates that landslide density and average slope angle appear to increase with erosion rate. Lastly, we synthesize evidence for the role of large, catastrophic landslides in regulating sediment flux and landscape form. The emergence of resistant blocks within the mélange bedrock has promoted large catastrophic slides that have dammed the Eel River and perhaps generated outburst events in the past. The frequency and impact of these landslide dams likely depend on the spatial and size distributions of resistant blocks relative to the width and drainage area of adjacent valley networks. Overall, our findings demonstrate that landslides within the Eel River catchment do not occur randomly, but instead exhibit spatial and temporal patterns related to baselevel lowering, climate forcing, and lithologic variations. Combined with recent landscape evolution models that incorporate landslides, these results provide predictive capability for estimating erosion rates and managing hazards in mountainous regions. Close

• 77. [Article] Returning to Learn: Research and the Prodigal Student

  Returning students - those with a significant lapse in time during their formal education - make up a large and growing percentage of the student population at Portland State University (PSU). Over 40% ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Returning to Learn: Research and the Prodigal Student Author: Ford, Emily, Farkas, Meredith G, Blalock-Koral, Molly Year: 2013 Returning students - those with a significant lapse in time during their formal education - make up a large and growing percentage of the student population at Portland State University (PSU). Over 40% of PSU undergraduates are over 26 years of age and 21% of graduate students over 39. Given returning students’ experiences in the work force, motivations for learning, and the lapse of time since conducting academic research, returning students may approach research differently than traditional students. Despite the size of this student population at PSU and the growth of the returning student demographic in higher education, very little research has been conducted regarding this demographic’s research habits and skills. Over the course of two academic quarters, three librarians from Portland State University conducted an ethnographic study of returning students’ research habits. Librarians collected data using direct observation, research journals, photo diaries, focus groups, surveys and semi-structured interviews. The goals of this research were to describe returning students’ research habits and to identify potential improvements to library services and instruction for returning students at PSU. Returning to Learn: Research and the Prodigal Student will present the study’s initial findings, outline recommendations resulting from the research, and identify further research opportunities regarding this unique and growing student population. These findings will allow other academic libraries to learn about returning students’ research habits, and help them to identify potential changes in or additions to library services for this student population. Title: Returning to Learn: Research and the Prodigal Student Author: Ford, Emily, Farkas, Meredith G, Blalock-Koral, Molly Year: 2013 Returning students - those with a significant lapse in time during their formal education - make up a large and growing percentage of the student population at Portland State University (PSU). Over 40% of PSU undergraduates are over 26 years of age and 21% of graduate students over 39. Given returning students’ experiences in the work force, motivations for learning, and the lapse of time since conducting academic research, returning students may approach research differently than traditional students. Despite the size of this student population at PSU and the growth of the returning student demographic in higher education, very little research has been conducted regarding this demographic’s research habits and skills. Over the course of two academic quarters, three librarians from Portland State University conducted an ethnographic study of returning students’ research habits. Librarians collected data using direct observation, research journals, photo diaries, focus groups, surveys and semi-structured interviews. The goals of this research were to describe returning students’ research habits and to identify potential improvements to library services and instruction for returning students at PSU. Returning to Learn: Research and the Prodigal Student will present the study’s initial findings, outline recommendations resulting from the research, and identify further research opportunities regarding this unique and growing student population. These findings will allow other academic libraries to learn about returning students’ research habits, and help them to identify potential changes in or additions to library services for this student population. Close

• 78. [Article] Bis Photobase Generator

  The extension of 193nm technology is desirable due to the magnitude of past investments. Since “optical” advancements are increasingly difficult, there is a strong demand for more sophisticated “smart” ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Bis Photobase Generator Author: Tran, Hoang, Rananavare, Shankar B. Year: 2011 The extension of 193nm technology is desirable due to the magnitude of past investments. Since “optical” advancements are increasingly difficult, there is a strong demand for more sophisticated “smart” resists to increase pattern density. Many studies have proven double pattering can be used for the extension of 193nm lithography. In this study, a new class of two stage photo base generators will be introduced along with the synthetic procedure and molecular characterization. The characterizations for exposure study by NMR have shown typical characteristics to stage decomposition under the exposure of 254nm light as well as promising pitch division. GCMS was utilized to indicate the formation of photo base and major products from secondary photo chemical reaction. Kinetic simulation was also taken into account to show the consistence of proposed mechanism. Title: Bis Photobase Generator Author: Tran, Hoang, Rananavare, Shankar B. Year: 2011 The extension of 193nm technology is desirable due to the magnitude of past investments. Since “optical” advancements are increasingly difficult, there is a strong demand for more sophisticated “smart” resists to increase pattern density. Many studies have proven double pattering can be used for the extension of 193nm lithography. In this study, a new class of two stage photo base generators will be introduced along with the synthetic procedure and molecular characterization. The characterizations for exposure study by NMR have shown typical characteristics to stage decomposition under the exposure of 254nm light as well as promising pitch division. GCMS was utilized to indicate the formation of photo base and major products from secondary photo chemical reaction. Kinetic simulation was also taken into account to show the consistence of proposed mechanism. Close

• 79. [Article] Detecting Rule of Balance in Photography

  Rule of Balance is one of the most important composition rules in photography, which can be used as a standard for photo quality assessment. The rule of balance states that images with evenly distributed ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Detecting Rule of Balance in Photography Author: Mai, Uyen T., Liu, Feng Year: 2014 Rule of Balance is one of the most important composition rules in photography, which can be used as a standard for photo quality assessment. The rule of balance states that images with evenly distributed visual elements are visually pleasing and thus are highly aesthetic. This work presents a method to automatically classify balanced and unbalanced images. Detecting the rule of balance requires a robust technique to locate and analyze important objects and visual elements, which involves understanding of the image content. Since semantic understanding is currently beyond the state of the art in computer vision, we employ the saliency maps as an alternative. We design a range of features according to the definition and effects of the rule of balance. Our experiments with a variety of machine learning techniques ([8-11]) and saliency analysis methods ([2-6]) demonstrate an encouraging performance in detecting vertical and horizontal balanced images. For future works, the balance detecting system can be developed into a subroutine for an automatic evaluation of professional photography. Title: Detecting Rule of Balance in Photography Author: Mai, Uyen T., Liu, Feng Year: 2014 Rule of Balance is one of the most important composition rules in photography, which can be used as a standard for photo quality assessment. The rule of balance states that images with evenly distributed visual elements are visually pleasing and thus are highly aesthetic. This work presents a method to automatically classify balanced and unbalanced images. Detecting the rule of balance requires a robust technique to locate and analyze important objects and visual elements, which involves understanding of the image content. Since semantic understanding is currently beyond the state of the art in computer vision, we employ the saliency maps as an alternative. We design a range of features according to the definition and effects of the rule of balance. Our experiments with a variety of machine learning techniques ([8-11]) and saliency analysis methods ([2-6]) demonstrate an encouraging performance in detecting vertical and horizontal balanced images. For future works, the balance detecting system can be developed into a subroutine for an automatic evaluation of professional photography. Close

• 80. [Article] Evaluation of 35mm vertical aerial photography for estimating tree mortality

  Evaluation of four 35 mm film:lens combinations for estimating conifer mortality showed that large-scale true color images obtained with Kodak High Speed Ektachrome and color infrared images obtained with Kodak ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of 35mm vertical aerial photography for estimating tree mortality Author: United States. Forest Service. Northern Region. State & Private Forestry, Williams, Ralph E. Evaluation of four 35 mm film:lens combinations for estimating conifer mortality showed that large-scale true color images obtained with Kodak High Speed Ektachrome and color infrared images obtained with Kodak Ektachrome Infrared, both exposed through a 135 mm lens were best. Higher correlation coefficients were found for the true color:135 combination than color IR:135 combination. Correlation between ground counts and photo counts of stereoscopically examined Kodacolor prints was no better and possibly not as good as correlations between ground counts and enlarged images of projected 35 mm transparencies. * This type and format of photography, as with other types and formats, has its advantages and disadvantages, and would be useful in determining 41 mortality rates or making mortality counts on areas where full coverage is not desired. Other innovations are discussed. Survey designs in which plot selection is based on probability proportional to size (numbers of trees) are apparently more efficient than methods employing simple random selection. An estimated mortality rate 41 of 1.5 trees per acre was indicated, and estimates of 9.8 dead goodtopped trees per acre plus an additional 9.5 green high-risk trees per acre were found. Most mortality and tree decline were associated with disease agents, and continuing or accelerated disease-caused decline is expected in the area. Western white pine,lodgepole pine, and Douglasfir accounted for over 90 percent of the recent and older mortality. The widespread occurrence of destructive root pathogens, including Armillariella me flea and Poria weirii (identified on high-risk trees during the survey), indicates that even though tested control measures are unavailable, best available alternatives discussed herein should be considered in management of the area. Title: Evaluation of 35mm vertical aerial photography for estimating tree mortality Author: United States. Forest Service. Northern Region. State & Private Forestry, Williams, Ralph E. Evaluation of four 35 mm film:lens combinations for estimating conifer mortality showed that large-scale true color images obtained with Kodak High Speed Ektachrome and color infrared images obtained with Kodak Ektachrome Infrared, both exposed through a 135 mm lens were best. Higher correlation coefficients were found for the true color:135 combination than color IR:135 combination. Correlation between ground counts and photo counts of stereoscopically examined Kodacolor prints was no better and possibly not as good as correlations between ground counts and enlarged images of projected 35 mm transparencies. * This type and format of photography, as with other types and formats, has its advantages and disadvantages, and would be useful in determining 41 mortality rates or making mortality counts on areas where full coverage is not desired. Other innovations are discussed. Survey designs in which plot selection is based on probability proportional to size (numbers of trees) are apparently more efficient than methods employing simple random selection. An estimated mortality rate 41 of 1.5 trees per acre was indicated, and estimates of 9.8 dead goodtopped trees per acre plus an additional 9.5 green high-risk trees per acre were found. Most mortality and tree decline were associated with disease agents, and continuing or accelerated disease-caused decline is expected in the area. Western white pine,lodgepole pine, and Douglasfir accounted for over 90 percent of the recent and older mortality. The widespread occurrence of destructive root pathogens, including Armillariella me flea and Poria weirii (identified on high-risk trees during the survey), indicates that even though tested control measures are unavailable, best available alternatives discussed herein should be considered in management of the area. Close

• 81. [Article] Evaluation of multistage sampling techniques to measure lodgepole pine mortality caused by mountain pine beetle in Montana, 1979

  A pilot survey was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using multistage sampling techniques to measure annual and cumulative mortality on a State-wide basis with acceptable statistical reliability, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of multistage sampling techniques to measure lodgepole pine mortality caused by mountain pine beetle in Montana, 1979 Author: United States. Forest Service. Northern Region. State & Private Forestry, Bennett, D. D. A pilot survey was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using multistage sampling techniques to measure annual and cumulative mortality on a State-wide basis with acceptable statistical reliability, timeliness, and cost. Within the State of Montana, aerial surveys showed about 986,000 acres of lodgepole pine infested with mountain pine beetle. This area was stratified into three intensity classes. Initial stratification, from 1979 aerial sketchmap surveys, was followed by large-scale (1:6000) aerial photography (on a sample basis), photo interpretation, and ground truth measurements. Photo plots were selected by a systematic random process for each stratum. Ground truth plots were chosen by probability proportional to size (pps). Estimates of 1978 attacked lodgepole pine (faders) were 11.6 million trees, representing a volume of 161.4 million cubic feet. Relative sampling errors were 9.8 and 16.5 percent for numbers of faders and volume, respectively. The total number of standing dead was 33.4 million trees, with a volume of 517 million cubic feet. The survey required 257 man-hours at a cost of $43,500. Title: Evaluation of multistage sampling techniques to measure lodgepole pine mortality caused by mountain pine beetle in Montana, 1979 Author: United States. Forest Service. Northern Region. State & Private Forestry, Bennett, D. D. A pilot survey was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of using multistage sampling techniques to measure annual and cumulative mortality on a State-wide basis with acceptable statistical reliability, timeliness, and cost. Within the State of Montana, aerial surveys showed about 986,000 acres of lodgepole pine infested with mountain pine beetle. This area was stratified into three intensity classes. Initial stratification, from 1979 aerial sketchmap surveys, was followed by large-scale (1:6000) aerial photography (on a sample basis), photo interpretation, and ground truth measurements. Photo plots were selected by a systematic random process for each stratum. Ground truth plots were chosen by probability proportional to size (pps). Estimates of 1978 attacked lodgepole pine (faders) were 11.6 million trees, representing a volume of 161.4 million cubic feet. Relative sampling errors were 9.8 and 16.5 percent for numbers of faders and volume, respectively. The total number of standing dead was 33.4 million trees, with a volume of 517 million cubic feet. The survey required 257 man-hours at a cost of $43,500. Close

• 82. [Article] An Exploratory Analysis of Influences of Forestland Characteristics and Urban Infrastructure on Forestland Management Treatments

  2010

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Exploratory Analysis of Influences of Forestland Characteristics and Urban Infrastructure on Forestland Management Treatments Author: Hamilton, Margaret 2010 Title: An Exploratory Analysis of Influences of Forestland Characteristics and Urban Infrastructure on Forestland Management Treatments Author: Hamilton, Margaret 2010 Close

• 83. [Article] Photo-induced spatial modulation of THz waves: opportunities and limitations

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Optical Society of America and can be found at: https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-23-25-32098

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Photo-induced spatial modulation of THz waves: opportunities and limitations Author: Kannegulla, Akash, Cheng, Li-Jing, Liu, Lei, Bin Shams, Md. Itrat This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Optical Society of America and can be found at: https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-23-25-32098 Title: Photo-induced spatial modulation of THz waves: opportunities and limitations Author: Kannegulla, Akash, Cheng, Li-Jing, Liu, Lei, Bin Shams, Md. Itrat This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the Optical Society of America and can be found at: https://www.osapublishing.org/oe/abstract.cfm?uri=oe-23-25-32098 Close

• 84. [Article] Kinetics of liquid-mediated crystallization of amorphous Ge from multi-frame dynamic transmission electron microscopy

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. Copyright 2015 American Institute of Physics. This ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Kinetics of liquid-mediated crystallization of amorphous Ge from multi-frame dynamic transmission electron microscopy Author: Campbell, G. H., Raoux, S., Santala, M. K. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. Copyright 2015 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Applied Physics Letters and may be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/apl Title: Kinetics of liquid-mediated crystallization of amorphous Ge from multi-frame dynamic transmission electron microscopy Author: Campbell, G. H., Raoux, S., Santala, M. K. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. Copyright 2015 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Applied Physics Letters and may be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/apl Close

• 85. [Article] The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps Author: Ackers, Steven H., Dugger, Katie M., Davis, Raymond J., Olsen, Keith A. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/remote-sensing-of-environment. Title: The evolution of mapping habitat for northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina): A comparison of photo-interpreted, Landsat-based, and lidar-based habitat maps Author: Ackers, Steven H., Dugger, Katie M., Davis, Raymond J., Olsen, Keith A. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/remote-sensing-of-environment. Close

• 86. [Article] Improving estimates of forest disturbance by combining observations from Landsat time series with U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Improving estimates of forest disturbance by combining observations from Landsat time series with U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data Author: Yang, Zhiqiang, Schroeder, Todd A., Healey, Sean P., et al., Moisen, Gretchen G. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/remote-sensing-of-environment/. Title: Improving estimates of forest disturbance by combining observations from Landsat time series with U.S. Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data Author: Yang, Zhiqiang, Schroeder, Todd A., Healey, Sean P., et al., Moisen, Gretchen G. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/remote-sensing-of-environment/. Close

• 87. [Article] Oregon State Forester ; January, 1955

  Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon State Forester ; January, 1955 Author: OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Title: Oregon State Forester ; January, 1955 Author: OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Close

• 88. [Article] Oregon State Forester; January, 1969

  Magazine of the OSU Oregon Forestry Alumni Association; Centennial Edition

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon State Forester; January, 1969 Author: OSU Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of the OSU Oregon Forestry Alumni Association; Centennial Edition Title: Oregon State Forester; January, 1969 Author: OSU Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of the OSU Oregon Forestry Alumni Association; Centennial Edition Close

• 89. [Article] Oregon State Forester ; January, 1954

  Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon State Forester ; January, 1954 Author: OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Title: Oregon State Forester ; January, 1954 Author: OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Close

• 90. [Article] Oregon State Forester; January 1952

  Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Oregon State Forester; January 1952 Author: OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Title: Oregon State Forester; January 1952 Author: OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Magazine of OSC Oregon Forestry Alumni Association Close

• 91. [Article] Mystery in Yellowstone! Solved: Wolves DO help trees survive in Yellowstone National Park, featuring Dr. William Ripple and Dr. Robert Beschta

  The mystery of how wolves effect the growth of cottonwood has been solved after comparing old and new photos.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mystery in Yellowstone! Solved: Wolves DO help trees survive in Yellowstone National Park, featuring Dr. William Ripple and Dr. Robert Beschta Author: Davis, Caryn The mystery of how wolves effect the growth of cottonwood has been solved after comparing old and new photos. Title: Mystery in Yellowstone! Solved: Wolves DO help trees survive in Yellowstone National Park, featuring Dr. William Ripple and Dr. Robert Beschta Author: Davis, Caryn The mystery of how wolves effect the growth of cottonwood has been solved after comparing old and new photos. Close

• 92. [Article] Report of HURL Cruise KOK0510: Submersible Dives and Multibeam Mapping to Investigate Benthic Habitats of Tutuila, American Samoa

  Available also from http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa/hurl/KOK0510cruise_report.pdf

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Report of HURL Cruise KOK0510: Submersible Dives and Multibeam Mapping to Investigate Benthic Habitats of Tutuila, American Samoa Author: Wright, Dawn Available also from http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa/hurl/KOK0510cruise_report.pdf Title: Report of HURL Cruise KOK0510: Submersible Dives and Multibeam Mapping to Investigate Benthic Habitats of Tutuila, American Samoa Author: Wright, Dawn Available also from http://dusk.geo.orst.edu/djl/samoa/hurl/KOK0510cruise_report.pdf Close

• 93. [Article] Small Prototype Gamma Spectrometer Using CsI(Tl) Scintillator Coupled to a Solid-State Photomultiplier

  This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by IEEE-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and can be found at: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=23. (c) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Small Prototype Gamma Spectrometer Using CsI(Tl) Scintillator Coupled to a Solid-State Photomultiplier Author: Alhawsawi, Abdulsalam M., Becker, Eric M., Farsoni, Abdollah T., Alemayehu, Bemnet This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by IEEE-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and can be found at: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=23. (c) 2013 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. Title: Small Prototype Gamma Spectrometer Using CsI(Tl) Scintillator Coupled to a Solid-State Photomultiplier Author: Alhawsawi, Abdulsalam M., Becker, Eric M., Farsoni, Abdollah T., Alemayehu, Bemnet This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by IEEE-Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and can be found at: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=23. (c) 2013 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. Close

• 94. [Article] Water and bottom properties of a coastal environment derived from Hyperion data measured from the EO-1 spacecraft platform

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Society ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Water and bottom properties of a coastal environment derived from Hyperion data measured from the EO-1 spacecraft platform Author: Parsons, Rost, Arnone, Robert, Gao, Bo-Cai, Davis, Curtiss O., Lee, ZhongPing, Dye, Julie, Casey, Brandon, Weidemann, Alan, Goode, Wesley, Montes, Marcos J. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers and can be found at: http://spie.org/. Title: Water and bottom properties of a coastal environment derived from Hyperion data measured from the EO-1 spacecraft platform Author: Parsons, Rost, Arnone, Robert, Gao, Bo-Cai, Davis, Curtiss O., Lee, ZhongPing, Dye, Julie, Casey, Brandon, Weidemann, Alan, Goode, Wesley, Montes, Marcos J. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers and can be found at: http://spie.org/. Close

• 95. [Article] WAVE pilot study: Creation of education tools to promote proper body composition analysis and body image awareness

  Background: The Wave~Ripples for Change: Obesity Prevention in High-School Soccer Players research project is a 5-Y USDA funded project focused on building healthy nutrition, physical activity and life ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: WAVE pilot study: Creation of education tools to promote proper body composition analysis and body image awareness Author: Skoog, Ingrid, Wong, Siew Sun, Chan, Lauren E. Background: The Wave~Ripples for Change: Obesity Prevention in High-School Soccer Players research project is a 5-Y USDA funded project focused on building healthy nutrition, physical activity and life skills for healthy weight maintenance. The intervention includes providing face-to-face sport nutrition, physical activity and life- skills lessons, assessments of body composition, physical activity, and nutrition, and on-line immersive learning to reinforce the lessons. Objective: Develop two lessons to educate youth soccer players (age=14-19y): 1) For males, the focus is body weight and composition, and factors related to building/retaining muscle mass to reduce risk of inappropriate diet and supplement use; 2) For females, the focus is body image and associated issues about body weight and performance to reduce the risk of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Method: Review the research literature and identify key body composition and body image issues unique to males and females, especially active high school youth. Then develop two different lessons that will encompass the needs of each gender utilizing photos, online capabilities and common misconceptions about food, exercise and body size. Results: Research shows that active males are more interested in gaining weight, specifically muscle mass, which increases the risk of using unhealthy diets and supplements promising increased in muscle mass. Active females are more interested in being thin and small stature, which can lead to disordered eating and body image issues. Two educational lessons were developed to address the different weight and body composition issues identified for each group. For the males, the lesson focuses on understanding body composition and how it is measured, the impact of body composition on health and performance, and factors that improve body composition, including appropriate diet and exercise recommendations. For the females, the lesson focuses on understanding body composition and image, and how inappropriate beliefs about body shape and size increases the risk of body dissatisfaction. Approaches to improve body image and satisfaction are presented and discussed. Conclusions: Lessons will be tested on the WAVE pilot study high school soccer players (n=26). Based on feedback from students, changes will be made to the lessons prior to program delivery to the larger intervention study beginning in fall 2015. Title: WAVE pilot study: Creation of education tools to promote proper body composition analysis and body image awareness Author: Skoog, Ingrid, Wong, Siew Sun, Chan, Lauren E. Background: The Wave~Ripples for Change: Obesity Prevention in High-School Soccer Players research project is a 5-Y USDA funded project focused on building healthy nutrition, physical activity and life skills for healthy weight maintenance. The intervention includes providing face-to-face sport nutrition, physical activity and life- skills lessons, assessments of body composition, physical activity, and nutrition, and on-line immersive learning to reinforce the lessons. Objective: Develop two lessons to educate youth soccer players (age=14-19y): 1) For males, the focus is body weight and composition, and factors related to building/retaining muscle mass to reduce risk of inappropriate diet and supplement use; 2) For females, the focus is body image and associated issues about body weight and performance to reduce the risk of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. Method: Review the research literature and identify key body composition and body image issues unique to males and females, especially active high school youth. Then develop two different lessons that will encompass the needs of each gender utilizing photos, online capabilities and common misconceptions about food, exercise and body size. Results: Research shows that active males are more interested in gaining weight, specifically muscle mass, which increases the risk of using unhealthy diets and supplements promising increased in muscle mass. Active females are more interested in being thin and small stature, which can lead to disordered eating and body image issues. Two educational lessons were developed to address the different weight and body composition issues identified for each group. For the males, the lesson focuses on understanding body composition and how it is measured, the impact of body composition on health and performance, and factors that improve body composition, including appropriate diet and exercise recommendations. For the females, the lesson focuses on understanding body composition and image, and how inappropriate beliefs about body shape and size increases the risk of body dissatisfaction. Approaches to improve body image and satisfaction are presented and discussed. Conclusions: Lessons will be tested on the WAVE pilot study high school soccer players (n=26). Based on feedback from students, changes will be made to the lessons prior to program delivery to the larger intervention study beginning in fall 2015. Close

• 96. [Article] Right choice for optical bus interconnect: metallic-hollow-core-waveguides or multimode polymer waveguides?

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)and can be found at: http://spie.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Right choice for optical bus interconnect: metallic-hollow-core-waveguides or multimode polymer waveguides? Author: Wang, Alan X. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)and can be found at: http://spie.org/. Title: Right choice for optical bus interconnect: metallic-hollow-core-waveguides or multimode polymer waveguides? Author: Wang, Alan X. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)and can be found at: http://spie.org/. Close

• 97. [Article] Healthy Eating and Active Living - Mapping Attributes Using Participatory Photographic Surveys: Building Leadership Capacity in the Latino Population

  Healthy Eating, Active Living - Mapping Attributes using Participatory Photographic Surveys (HEAL MAPPS) was used to engage Albany’s Latino community to explore the environmental conditions that support ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Healthy Eating and Active Living - Mapping Attributes Using Participatory Photographic Surveys: Building Leadership Capacity in the Latino Population Author: Nunez, Yanet, Vera, Tina D. Healthy Eating, Active Living - Mapping Attributes using Participatory Photographic Surveys (HEAL MAPPS) was used to engage Albany’s Latino community to explore the environmental conditions that support or hinder healthful eating and physical activity behaviors among youth and families. HEAL MAPPS is a community-based participatory research tool developed by OSU obesity prevention researchers. Latinos were mobilized to assess Albany’s HEAL-related issues, prioritize concerns, and further develop advocacy skills and action groups. This project engaged emerging Latino leaders and residents with the wider community and increased capacity for improving the local HEAL environment and health inequities that exist in Albany. The specific aims of research: (a) provide culturally and linguistically appropriate leadership training (b) increase leadership skills and confidence in civic engagement (c) increase participants’ civic engagement, i.e. Make policy and program recommendations; develop a policy action plan; and disseminate project findings to the community and local policy makers. Albany residents “Familias Activas” generated 18 maps representing routes traveled on foot or by motor vehicle to interact with the Albany food and physical activity environment. They photographed over 222 features of the community related to healthy eating and physical activity for children, youth, and adults in Albany. Twelve participated in a focus group meeting to organize the community’s HEAL MAPPS™ photo journal for the community conversation. At the end of HEAL MAPPS project timeline, a community report will be completed and will be available in Spanish and English. Familias Activas leadership group will develop an advocacy campaign around one identified priority. Title: Healthy Eating and Active Living - Mapping Attributes Using Participatory Photographic Surveys: Building Leadership Capacity in the Latino Population Author: Nunez, Yanet, Vera, Tina D. Healthy Eating, Active Living - Mapping Attributes using Participatory Photographic Surveys (HEAL MAPPS) was used to engage Albany’s Latino community to explore the environmental conditions that support or hinder healthful eating and physical activity behaviors among youth and families. HEAL MAPPS is a community-based participatory research tool developed by OSU obesity prevention researchers. Latinos were mobilized to assess Albany’s HEAL-related issues, prioritize concerns, and further develop advocacy skills and action groups. This project engaged emerging Latino leaders and residents with the wider community and increased capacity for improving the local HEAL environment and health inequities that exist in Albany. The specific aims of research: (a) provide culturally and linguistically appropriate leadership training (b) increase leadership skills and confidence in civic engagement (c) increase participants’ civic engagement, i.e. Make policy and program recommendations; develop a policy action plan; and disseminate project findings to the community and local policy makers. Albany residents “Familias Activas” generated 18 maps representing routes traveled on foot or by motor vehicle to interact with the Albany food and physical activity environment. They photographed over 222 features of the community related to healthy eating and physical activity for children, youth, and adults in Albany. Twelve participated in a focus group meeting to organize the community’s HEAL MAPPS™ photo journal for the community conversation. At the end of HEAL MAPPS project timeline, a community report will be completed and will be available in Spanish and English. Familias Activas leadership group will develop an advocacy campaign around one identified priority. Close

• 98. [Article] Long-term Colonization Of A Subarctic Artificial Reef System In Whittier, Alaska

  Presented at the American Academy of Underwater Science annual conference in Providence, RI

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Long-term Colonization Of A Subarctic Artificial Reef System In Whittier, Alaska Author: Levy, Charlotte Presented at the American Academy of Underwater Science annual conference in Providence, RI Title: Long-term Colonization Of A Subarctic Artificial Reef System In Whittier, Alaska Author: Levy, Charlotte Presented at the American Academy of Underwater Science annual conference in Providence, RI Close

• 99. [Article] Stop the spread of sudden oak death

  Revised January 2012. Revised March 2013. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stop the spread of sudden oak death Author: Shaw, David Carl, 1955-, Kanaskie, Alan, Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised January 2012. Revised March 2013. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Stop the spread of sudden oak death Author: Shaw, David Carl, 1955-, Kanaskie, Alan, Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised January 2012. Revised March 2013. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 100. [Article] Stop the spread of sudden oak death

  Revised December 2009. Revised January 2012. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Stop the spread of sudden oak death Author: Goheen, Ellen Michaels, Shaw, David Carl, 1955-, Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised December 2009. Revised January 2012. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Stop the spread of sudden oak death Author: Goheen, Ellen Michaels, Shaw, David Carl, 1955-, Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised December 2009. Revised January 2012. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close