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• 71. [Article] Aging in place : a contemporary social phenomenon

  Most aging individuals prefer to remain in a self-determined home environment, and generally aging adults want to remain in the same home or same community. The benefits of remaining in a self-determined ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Aging in place : a contemporary social phenomenon Author: Lee, Megan (Megan Elizabeth) Most aging individuals prefer to remain in a self-determined home environment, and generally aging adults want to remain in the same home or same community. The benefits of remaining in a self-determined private home environment while aging have been established. Because individuals present a diversity of needs, it takes interdisciplinary and multifaceted approaches with options to keep older adults in their communities. Aging in place (AIP) represents an interdisciplinary approach to creating options that facilitate remaining in a self-determine environment. The purpose of this research was to examine the current state of the interdisciplinary concept aging in place (AIP). The need to understand AIP is more globally relevant as the U.S. becomes an aging society facing rapid change due to technology, globalization, and mobility. Guided by the tenants of theory development, and the ecological model of housing choice, two manuscripts were developed focusing on the current state of AIP. The first research study titled, An Evolutionary Concept Analysis: Aging in Place, used the content analysis method to examine the concept across diverse disciplines. A derived definition was developed that includes research, practice, policy, and those individuals involved in the aging process. The definition reflects the contemporary state of AIP and can be used for theory development and to unify all users of the AIP concept. The second research study titled, The Current State of Older Women Aging in Place in Oregon, used qualitative case study methods to examine seven cases of aging in place. The aim of the project was to examine seven women’s current and past experiences, and the dynamic process of aging in place in a self-determined private home environment. Two common themes were identified (1) The AIP reflects the woman’s process of self-preserving actions that maintain current AIP independence, and (2) AIP situational independence suggests that the participants’ pathways to their current AIP began after they each experienced an individualized trigger event. The findings have theoretical and practice implications that provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to identifying the current status of AIP and the development of options that facilitate the AIP process. Title: Aging in place : a contemporary social phenomenon Author: Lee, Megan (Megan Elizabeth) Most aging individuals prefer to remain in a self-determined home environment, and generally aging adults want to remain in the same home or same community. The benefits of remaining in a self-determined private home environment while aging have been established. Because individuals present a diversity of needs, it takes interdisciplinary and multifaceted approaches with options to keep older adults in their communities. Aging in place (AIP) represents an interdisciplinary approach to creating options that facilitate remaining in a self-determine environment. The purpose of this research was to examine the current state of the interdisciplinary concept aging in place (AIP). The need to understand AIP is more globally relevant as the U.S. becomes an aging society facing rapid change due to technology, globalization, and mobility. Guided by the tenants of theory development, and the ecological model of housing choice, two manuscripts were developed focusing on the current state of AIP. The first research study titled, An Evolutionary Concept Analysis: Aging in Place, used the content analysis method to examine the concept across diverse disciplines. A derived definition was developed that includes research, practice, policy, and those individuals involved in the aging process. The definition reflects the contemporary state of AIP and can be used for theory development and to unify all users of the AIP concept. The second research study titled, The Current State of Older Women Aging in Place in Oregon, used qualitative case study methods to examine seven cases of aging in place. The aim of the project was to examine seven women’s current and past experiences, and the dynamic process of aging in place in a self-determined private home environment. Two common themes were identified (1) The AIP reflects the woman’s process of self-preserving actions that maintain current AIP independence, and (2) AIP situational independence suggests that the participants’ pathways to their current AIP began after they each experienced an individualized trigger event. The findings have theoretical and practice implications that provide a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to identifying the current status of AIP and the development of options that facilitate the AIP process. Close

• 72. [Article] A heuristic causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement

  The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A heuristic causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement Author: Malroutu, Yamini Lakshmi The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four states: Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Utah, collected in a mail survey in 1990 by the Western Regional Agricultural Experiment Station Committee (W-176). Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods during the first ten years of retirement was directly influenced by tenure preference (p=.00, B=.210). Those who preferred homeownership during retirement chose age integrated neighborhoods during their first ten years of retirement. Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods after ten years of retirement was significantly influenced by family income (P=.03, B=.096), suitability of home size (p=.02, B=.094), and tenure preference (p=.00, B=.155). Those who were economically well off indicated a predisposition for age integrated neighborhoods as did those who preferred homeownership and those who felt they had the right size homes for retirement. Indirect effects were also observed among the exogenous and intervening variables and age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during the first ten years and after ten years of retirement. Older preretirees preferred to retire in the community (p=.00, B= .125) and this preference for the present community influenced the choice of preferred homeownership during retirement (p=.00, B=.205). Those who favored homeownership indicated a preference for age integrated neighborhoods both during the first ten years (p=.00, B=.210) and after ten years of retirement (p=.00, B=.155). These interrelationships lead to the assumption that older respondents prefer to age in place as they showed a preference to retire in the present community and for homeownership. The findings of this research will be beneficial and of interest to retirees who are trying to create a suitable and affordable environment for themselves and communities will be enriched by their participation in economic and service functions. Community developers who are striving to boost their local economies can attract retirees by providing to the needs of the elderly consumers. Title: A heuristic causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement Author: Malroutu, Yamini Lakshmi The purpose of this research was to determine a causal model of factors affecting age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during retirement. Data were anaLzed for 1299 preretirers in four states: Idaho, Michigan, Oregon, and Utah, collected in a mail survey in 1990 by the Western Regional Agricultural Experiment Station Committee (W-176). Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods during the first ten years of retirement was directly influenced by tenure preference (p=.00, B=.210). Those who preferred homeownership during retirement chose age integrated neighborhoods during their first ten years of retirement. Preference for age integrated/age segregated neighborhoods after ten years of retirement was significantly influenced by family income (P=.03, B=.096), suitability of home size (p=.02, B=.094), and tenure preference (p=.00, B=.155). Those who were economically well off indicated a predisposition for age integrated neighborhoods as did those who preferred homeownership and those who felt they had the right size homes for retirement. Indirect effects were also observed among the exogenous and intervening variables and age integrated/age segregated neighborhood preference during the first ten years and after ten years of retirement. Older preretirees preferred to retire in the community (p=.00, B= .125) and this preference for the present community influenced the choice of preferred homeownership during retirement (p=.00, B=.205). Those who favored homeownership indicated a preference for age integrated neighborhoods both during the first ten years (p=.00, B=.210) and after ten years of retirement (p=.00, B=.155). These interrelationships lead to the assumption that older respondents prefer to age in place as they showed a preference to retire in the present community and for homeownership. The findings of this research will be beneficial and of interest to retirees who are trying to create a suitable and affordable environment for themselves and communities will be enriched by their participation in economic and service functions. Community developers who are striving to boost their local economies can attract retirees by providing to the needs of the elderly consumers. Close

• 73. [Article] Influence of aging and behavioral experience on expression of GluN1 splice variants of the NMDA receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice brain

  As the aging population continues to grow the world over, age related complications become more and more apparent among the elderly population. One such complication is age associated memory impairment, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Influence of aging and behavioral experience on expression of GluN1 splice variants of the NMDA receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice brain Author: Das, Siba Ranjan As the aging population continues to grow the world over, age related complications become more and more apparent among the elderly population. One such complication is age associated memory impairment, which makes the elderly more dependent on caregivers early on. NMDA receptors in the brain are important for memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. Expression of NMDA receptors declines with age, which is associated with declines in memory observed during aging. Age-related changes in the protein and mRNA expression of some of the splice forms of the GluN1 (GluN1, NR1) subunit of the NMDA receptor have been seen in mice and rats. The present study was designed to determine whether individual splice forms of the GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor within prefrontal / frontal cortical regions contribute to memory deficits during aging and whether experience in learning tasks can influence the expression of the splice forms. mRNA expression of 4 splice forms GluN1[subscript X11], GluN1[subscript X10], GluN1[subscript 0XX] and GluN1[subscript 1XX] (GluN1-1, GluN1-3, GluN1-a and GluN1-b, respectively) and mRNA for all known splice forms (GluN1-pan) were examined by in situ hybridization. mRNA for the C-terminal splice forms, GluN1[subscript X11] (GluN1-1; +C1 and +C2 cassettes) and GluN1[subscript X10] (GluN1-3; +C1 and +C2'), showed significant declines during aging in several brain regions even though overall GluN1-pan mRNA expression was not significantly affected by aging. This work provides evidence that these splice forms are more influenced by aging than the subunit as a whole. There was an increase in the expression of GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a; -N1 cassette) splice form in the behaviorally-experienced old mice relative to the younger groups. Old mice with the highest levels of mRNA expression for the GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a) splice form in orbital cortex showed the best performances in spatial working and reference memory tasks, but the poorest performances in a cued, associative learning task. These results suggest that the GluN1[subscript 0XX] subunit splice variant may be important for spatial memory performance in the old animals. Protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C-terminal cassettes C2 or C2' were observed to decline with increasing age, regardless of experience. In middle-age animals, higher expressions of the GluN1 subunit and C2' cassette proteins were associated with good reference memory on initial search. In the aged animals, higher protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C1 cassettes and the whole population of GluN1 subunits were found to be associated with better performance in the final phase of probe trials but this appeared to be due to perseveration or delays in applying an accurate search. These results provide support for the theory that there is heterogeneity in the effect of aging on the expression of the GluN1 subunits containing different splice cassettes. It also suggests that the GluN1 subunit might be most important for good reference memory during middle age. The next study was undertaken to determine if the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form is required for good performance in reference memory tasks in young mice. Mice were injected with 5µl of either siRNA specific to GluN1[subscript 0XX], control siRNA or vehicle alone into ventro-lateral orbital regions of both sides of the brain using a stereotaxic apparatus. A fourth group of mice did not receive any injections. Five days post-injection, mice were tested for their performance in a spatial reference memory task for 4 days using the Morris water maze. There was a 10 -19% reduction in GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant expression for mice after siRNA treatment in ventro-lateral orbital regions of the brain. Decline in performance in the first half of reference memory were observed in the mice receiving siRNA specific for GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form, as compared to the mice injected with control siRNA and/or vehicle. These results suggest an important role of the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant in orbital regions for spatial reference memory acquisition and/or consolidation in the early stages of memory training. These results suggest that there is a complex interaction between GluN1 splice form expression and performance of memory tasks during aging. Future studies designed to differentiate between involvement of splice variants in particular stages of memory formation would be helpful. Title: Influence of aging and behavioral experience on expression of GluN1 splice variants of the NMDA receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice brain Author: Das, Siba Ranjan As the aging population continues to grow the world over, age related complications become more and more apparent among the elderly population. One such complication is age associated memory impairment, which makes the elderly more dependent on caregivers early on. NMDA receptors in the brain are important for memory formation, consolidation and retrieval. Expression of NMDA receptors declines with age, which is associated with declines in memory observed during aging. Age-related changes in the protein and mRNA expression of some of the splice forms of the GluN1 (GluN1, NR1) subunit of the NMDA receptor have been seen in mice and rats. The present study was designed to determine whether individual splice forms of the GluN1 subunit of the NMDA receptor within prefrontal / frontal cortical regions contribute to memory deficits during aging and whether experience in learning tasks can influence the expression of the splice forms. mRNA expression of 4 splice forms GluN1[subscript X11], GluN1[subscript X10], GluN1[subscript 0XX] and GluN1[subscript 1XX] (GluN1-1, GluN1-3, GluN1-a and GluN1-b, respectively) and mRNA for all known splice forms (GluN1-pan) were examined by in situ hybridization. mRNA for the C-terminal splice forms, GluN1[subscript X11] (GluN1-1; +C1 and +C2 cassettes) and GluN1[subscript X10] (GluN1-3; +C1 and +C2'), showed significant declines during aging in several brain regions even though overall GluN1-pan mRNA expression was not significantly affected by aging. This work provides evidence that these splice forms are more influenced by aging than the subunit as a whole. There was an increase in the expression of GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a; -N1 cassette) splice form in the behaviorally-experienced old mice relative to the younger groups. Old mice with the highest levels of mRNA expression for the GluN1[subscript 0XX] (GluN1-a) splice form in orbital cortex showed the best performances in spatial working and reference memory tasks, but the poorest performances in a cued, associative learning task. These results suggest that the GluN1[subscript 0XX] subunit splice variant may be important for spatial memory performance in the old animals. Protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C-terminal cassettes C2 or C2' were observed to decline with increasing age, regardless of experience. In middle-age animals, higher expressions of the GluN1 subunit and C2' cassette proteins were associated with good reference memory on initial search. In the aged animals, higher protein expression of GluN1 subunits containing C1 cassettes and the whole population of GluN1 subunits were found to be associated with better performance in the final phase of probe trials but this appeared to be due to perseveration or delays in applying an accurate search. These results provide support for the theory that there is heterogeneity in the effect of aging on the expression of the GluN1 subunits containing different splice cassettes. It also suggests that the GluN1 subunit might be most important for good reference memory during middle age. The next study was undertaken to determine if the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form is required for good performance in reference memory tasks in young mice. Mice were injected with 5µl of either siRNA specific to GluN1[subscript 0XX], control siRNA or vehicle alone into ventro-lateral orbital regions of both sides of the brain using a stereotaxic apparatus. A fourth group of mice did not receive any injections. Five days post-injection, mice were tested for their performance in a spatial reference memory task for 4 days using the Morris water maze. There was a 10 -19% reduction in GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant expression for mice after siRNA treatment in ventro-lateral orbital regions of the brain. Decline in performance in the first half of reference memory were observed in the mice receiving siRNA specific for GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice form, as compared to the mice injected with control siRNA and/or vehicle. These results suggest an important role of the GluN1[subscript 0XX] splice variant in orbital regions for spatial reference memory acquisition and/or consolidation in the early stages of memory training. These results suggest that there is a complex interaction between GluN1 splice form expression and performance of memory tasks during aging. Future studies designed to differentiate between involvement of splice variants in particular stages of memory formation would be helpful. Close

• 74. [Article] Social Job Characteristics and Older Workers: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Tension

  The workforce in most industrialized countries is aging and becoming more age diverse, but few studies have examined the implications of age differences in the design of jobs. This study examined the role ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Social Job Characteristics and Older Workers: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Tension Author: Rineer, Jennifer Rae Year: 2012 The workforce in most industrialized countries is aging and becoming more age diverse, but few studies have examined the implications of age differences in the design of jobs. This study examined the role of age as a moderator in the relationship between job characteristics and two individual outcomes, job satisfaction and job tension. Specifically, the study focused on the relationship between social characteristics of the job (given social support, [received] social support, interdependence, interaction outside the organization, and feedback from others) and job tension and job satisfaction among Portland Water Bureau employees. Based in Socioemotional Selectivity (SES) theory (Carstensen, 1991), I hypothesized that these job characteristics would have a differential relationship with these outcomes for older and younger workers. Results showed that four of the eight hypothesized interactions were significant, providing support for age as a moderating variable. Differential interaction effects were demonstrated on job satisfaction and job tension. Further, this study incorporated a new conceptualization and measurement of the social support job characteristic (given social support), which demonstrated utility in predicting outcomes. Subjective age was also found to moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and job attitudes, but in a pattern similar to that found for chronological age. This study contributes to the existing literature by answering the call to examine the role of individual differences in the relationship between job design features and outcomes, and by increasing knowledge of the types of job characteristics that increase job satisfaction and reduce job tension for older and younger employees. Implications for the aging workforce are discussed along with future research to better understand the mediating mechanisms. Title: Social Job Characteristics and Older Workers: Effects on Job Satisfaction and Job Tension Author: Rineer, Jennifer Rae Year: 2012 The workforce in most industrialized countries is aging and becoming more age diverse, but few studies have examined the implications of age differences in the design of jobs. This study examined the role of age as a moderator in the relationship between job characteristics and two individual outcomes, job satisfaction and job tension. Specifically, the study focused on the relationship between social characteristics of the job (given social support, [received] social support, interdependence, interaction outside the organization, and feedback from others) and job tension and job satisfaction among Portland Water Bureau employees. Based in Socioemotional Selectivity (SES) theory (Carstensen, 1991), I hypothesized that these job characteristics would have a differential relationship with these outcomes for older and younger workers. Results showed that four of the eight hypothesized interactions were significant, providing support for age as a moderating variable. Differential interaction effects were demonstrated on job satisfaction and job tension. Further, this study incorporated a new conceptualization and measurement of the social support job characteristic (given social support), which demonstrated utility in predicting outcomes. Subjective age was also found to moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and job attitudes, but in a pattern similar to that found for chronological age. This study contributes to the existing literature by answering the call to examine the role of individual differences in the relationship between job design features and outcomes, and by increasing knowledge of the types of job characteristics that increase job satisfaction and reduce job tension for older and younger employees. Implications for the aging workforce are discussed along with future research to better understand the mediating mechanisms. Close

• 75. [Article] Constraints on past plate and mantle motion from new ages for the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291525-2027.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Constraints on past plate and mantle motion from new ages for the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain Author: Jokat, Wilfried, O'Connor, John M., Haase, Karsten M., Stoffers, Peter, Steinberger, Bernhard, Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter, Wijbrans, Jan R., Regelous, Marcel, Koppers, Anthony A. P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291525-2027. Title: Constraints on past plate and mantle motion from new ages for the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain Author: Jokat, Wilfried, O'Connor, John M., Haase, Karsten M., Stoffers, Peter, Steinberger, Bernhard, Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter, Wijbrans, Jan R., Regelous, Marcel, Koppers, Anthony A. P. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by the American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291525-2027. Close

• 76. [Article] Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults

  This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults Author: Mejía, Shannon T., Allen, Pamela M., Hooker, Karen This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record. Title: Personality, Self-Perceptions, and Daily Variability in Perceived Usefulness Among Older Adults Author: Mejía, Shannon T., Allen, Pamela M., Hooker, Karen This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record. Close

• 77. [Article] Evaluation of Three Aging Techniques and Back-calculated Growth for Introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Eagle Hill ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Evaluation of Three Aging Techniques and Back-calculated Growth for Introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia Author: Jennings, Cecil A., Homer, Michael D. Jr, Peterson, James T. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Eagle Hill Institute and can be found at: http://www.eaglehill.us/programs/journals/sena/southeastern-naturalist.shtml Title: Evaluation of Three Aging Techniques and Back-calculated Growth for Introduced Blue Catfish from Lake Oconee, Georgia Author: Jennings, Cecil A., Homer, Michael D. Jr, Peterson, James T. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Eagle Hill Institute and can be found at: http://www.eaglehill.us/programs/journals/sena/southeastern-naturalist.shtml Close

• 78. [Article] Determining the cost of old-growth set-asides on the OSU college forest

  The objectives for the use of the Oregon State University college forest include providing both facilities for research and teaching, and providing funding through timber harvest. The older age-classes ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Determining the cost of old-growth set-asides on the OSU college forest Author: Birch, Kevin R. The objectives for the use of the Oregon State University college forest include providing both facilities for research and teaching, and providing funding through timber harvest. The older age-classes of the forest are valuable for attaining both objectives. The opportunities and costs of removing acreage in the older age classes from the timber harvest base were examined. Harvest schedules were developed using a model II linear programming formulation with the OSU Forestry Model. The harvest schedules used the current management policies of the forest managers and different levels of set-asides with a non-declining even flow of volume constraining the harvest level. The current rotation age of 90 years was found to be constraining the harvest level in the first four decades, therefore a set of harvest scheduling runs using a 60 year rotation age were done. Using the existing management policies and a rotation age of 90 years, the managers of the college forest can set-aside the oldest 686 acres of the forest without reducing the current harvest level. The cost of the set-sides (calculated as the difference between present net values of 100 year harvest schedules with and without the acreage removed) was between $5500 and $4500 per acre depending on the amount of acreage removed. The change in rotation age produced only slight changes in the cost of set-asides. The current harvest level could be increased immediately to a level near long-term sustained yield by using a rotation age of 60 years. This would increase the present net value of the harvest schedule by about $5 million. By using a rotation age of 90, more age classes can be represented on the forest over time. After four decades the harvest volume can be increased to the long-term sustained yield level. At that time the harvest would be obtained from fewer acres than if the forest was on a 60 year rotation. Title: Determining the cost of old-growth set-asides on the OSU college forest Author: Birch, Kevin R. The objectives for the use of the Oregon State University college forest include providing both facilities for research and teaching, and providing funding through timber harvest. The older age-classes of the forest are valuable for attaining both objectives. The opportunities and costs of removing acreage in the older age classes from the timber harvest base were examined. Harvest schedules were developed using a model II linear programming formulation with the OSU Forestry Model. The harvest schedules used the current management policies of the forest managers and different levels of set-asides with a non-declining even flow of volume constraining the harvest level. The current rotation age of 90 years was found to be constraining the harvest level in the first four decades, therefore a set of harvest scheduling runs using a 60 year rotation age were done. Using the existing management policies and a rotation age of 90 years, the managers of the college forest can set-aside the oldest 686 acres of the forest without reducing the current harvest level. The cost of the set-sides (calculated as the difference between present net values of 100 year harvest schedules with and without the acreage removed) was between $5500 and $4500 per acre depending on the amount of acreage removed. The change in rotation age produced only slight changes in the cost of set-asides. The current harvest level could be increased immediately to a level near long-term sustained yield by using a rotation age of 60 years. This would increase the present net value of the harvest schedule by about $5 million. By using a rotation age of 90, more age classes can be represented on the forest over time. After four decades the harvest volume can be increased to the long-term sustained yield level. At that time the harvest would be obtained from fewer acres than if the forest was on a 60 year rotation. Close

• 79. [Article] Effects of maternal age on reproductive success in black rockfish, Sebastes melanops

  From 1996 through 1998 I collected mature female black rockfish off Oregon and examined ovaries and otoliths to estimate weekly, age-specific larval production. In all reproductive seasons, older black ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effects of maternal age on reproductive success in black rockfish, Sebastes melanops Author: Bobko, Stephen J. From 1996 through 1998 I collected mature female black rockfish off Oregon and examined ovaries and otoliths to estimate weekly, age-specific larval production. In all reproductive seasons, older black rockfish extruded larvae earlier in the season, followed by progressively younger fish. Each year, beginning in May, I collected young-of-the-year (YOY) benthic juveniles that settled out in nearshore waters and determined their birthdates from counts of daily rings of lapillar otoliths. I compared the birthdate distribution of juvenile survivors to the age-specific temporal distribution of larval production to estimate the contribution of each adult female age group, ages 6-8, 9-11, 12-14, and 15+ to juvenile recruitment. The results from 1996 show a disproportionately greater contribution to benthic YOY recruitment by older fish. 1997 results show a relatively even contribution among maternal age groups. In 1998 most of the YOY recruits came from younger fish extruding larvae late in the season. I then examined larvae per recruit (LPR) models to evaluate the effects of fishing mortality on spawning potential of black rockfish, incorporating my estimates of age-specific maternal reproductive success. When it is evident that certain age groups are more successful at reproducing, as observed in black rockfish, changes in that population's age composition must be considered beyond simply reducing the estimate of total larval production. Title: Effects of maternal age on reproductive success in black rockfish, Sebastes melanops Author: Bobko, Stephen J. From 1996 through 1998 I collected mature female black rockfish off Oregon and examined ovaries and otoliths to estimate weekly, age-specific larval production. In all reproductive seasons, older black rockfish extruded larvae earlier in the season, followed by progressively younger fish. Each year, beginning in May, I collected young-of-the-year (YOY) benthic juveniles that settled out in nearshore waters and determined their birthdates from counts of daily rings of lapillar otoliths. I compared the birthdate distribution of juvenile survivors to the age-specific temporal distribution of larval production to estimate the contribution of each adult female age group, ages 6-8, 9-11, 12-14, and 15+ to juvenile recruitment. The results from 1996 show a disproportionately greater contribution to benthic YOY recruitment by older fish. 1997 results show a relatively even contribution among maternal age groups. In 1998 most of the YOY recruits came from younger fish extruding larvae late in the season. I then examined larvae per recruit (LPR) models to evaluate the effects of fishing mortality on spawning potential of black rockfish, incorporating my estimates of age-specific maternal reproductive success. When it is evident that certain age groups are more successful at reproducing, as observed in black rockfish, changes in that population's age composition must be considered beyond simply reducing the estimate of total larval production. Close

• 80. [Article] An analysis of the attitudes of traditional-aged and non-traditional-aged females about computers in word processing classes at Oregon's community colleges

  Today's office worker is being expected to operate computers in order to increase office productivity. While learning the new technology is a positive challenge for most people, some students experience ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An analysis of the attitudes of traditional-aged and non-traditional-aged females about computers in word processing classes at Oregon's community colleges Author: Fletcher, Judith Ann Today's office worker is being expected to operate computers in order to increase office productivity. While learning the new technology is a positive challenge for most people, some students experience a negative computer attitude when faced with computer training. This study sought to determine if there were significant differences about computer attitudes among females enrolled in introductory computer word processing classes in Oregon's community colleges. A sample of 125 traditional-aged females and 125 non-traditional-aged females was surveyed using the Computer Attitude Scale (CAS) developed by Brenda Loyd and Clarice Gressard. A t-test was used to compare groups on the CAS total scale and four subscales. No significant difference at the .05 level was found between the two groups on the total scores in the CAS. No significant differences were found on the two subscales: Computer Confidence and Computer Usefulness. However, on the Computer Anxiety Subscale, the non-traditional-aged group scored significantly lower than the traditional-aged group. There was also a significant difference on the Computer Liking subscale with the traditional-aged group scoring lower than the non-traditional-aged group. The implications of the study resulted in the recommendations that the instructors be alert to students' attitudes about computers as they are exposed to new office technology and that those instructors who gather, design, and scientifically test successful strategies in relieving negative attitudes share their methods with other teachers. It was also recommended that a correlation study between computer attitudes and word processing performance be made. Further recommendations for scientific studies included students' attitudes about technology other than word processing, the affect of age difference on students' attitudes, the affect of the amount of time of previous employment of students' attitudes, and the affect of previous computer experience on students' attitudes. Title: An analysis of the attitudes of traditional-aged and non-traditional-aged females about computers in word processing classes at Oregon's community colleges Author: Fletcher, Judith Ann Today's office worker is being expected to operate computers in order to increase office productivity. While learning the new technology is a positive challenge for most people, some students experience a negative computer attitude when faced with computer training. This study sought to determine if there were significant differences about computer attitudes among females enrolled in introductory computer word processing classes in Oregon's community colleges. A sample of 125 traditional-aged females and 125 non-traditional-aged females was surveyed using the Computer Attitude Scale (CAS) developed by Brenda Loyd and Clarice Gressard. A t-test was used to compare groups on the CAS total scale and four subscales. No significant difference at the .05 level was found between the two groups on the total scores in the CAS. No significant differences were found on the two subscales: Computer Confidence and Computer Usefulness. However, on the Computer Anxiety Subscale, the non-traditional-aged group scored significantly lower than the traditional-aged group. There was also a significant difference on the Computer Liking subscale with the traditional-aged group scoring lower than the non-traditional-aged group. The implications of the study resulted in the recommendations that the instructors be alert to students' attitudes about computers as they are exposed to new office technology and that those instructors who gather, design, and scientifically test successful strategies in relieving negative attitudes share their methods with other teachers. It was also recommended that a correlation study between computer attitudes and word processing performance be made. Further recommendations for scientific studies included students' attitudes about technology other than word processing, the affect of age difference on students' attitudes, the affect of the amount of time of previous employment of students' attitudes, and the affect of previous computer experience on students' attitudes. Close