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• 1. [Article] Multiobjective Optimization of Wetlands for Attaining Flood, Water Quality and Bird Habitat Benefits

  A significant number of historically existing wetlands that naturally stored rainwater and attenuated flood peaks have now been drained and employed as new farming areas. Beyond the water quality and flow ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Multiobjective Optimization of Wetlands for Attaining Flood, Water Quality and Bird Habitat Benefits Author: Noa-Yarasca, Efrain A significant number of historically existing wetlands that naturally stored rainwater and attenuated flood peaks have now been drained and employed as new farming areas. Beyond the water quality and flow problem, this has resulted in loss of natural habitats of diverse ecological species. Restoring wetlands have hence been proposed as a potential conservation strategy to help attenuate many of these problems. In this study a spatial, multi-objective optimization study of new potential wetlands was carried out to achieve biodiversity improvements in addition to flood reduction benefits and water quality improvements. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate flow and water quality, and the USGS GAP tool was used to estimate impacts on ecological habitats. Although this study is focused on four types of bird species, as a surrogate of biodiversity across the study site (Big Creek Watershed in southwestern Indiana), the methodology can be applied to other species and regions. The study helped assess redundancies as well as trade-offs between the flooding, water quality, and habitat objective functions. Additionally, the methodology helped assess critical locations that help improve multiple goals. Title: Multiobjective Optimization of Wetlands for Attaining Flood, Water Quality and Bird Habitat Benefits Author: Noa-Yarasca, Efrain A significant number of historically existing wetlands that naturally stored rainwater and attenuated flood peaks have now been drained and employed as new farming areas. Beyond the water quality and flow problem, this has resulted in loss of natural habitats of diverse ecological species. Restoring wetlands have hence been proposed as a potential conservation strategy to help attenuate many of these problems. In this study a spatial, multi-objective optimization study of new potential wetlands was carried out to achieve biodiversity improvements in addition to flood reduction benefits and water quality improvements. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to simulate flow and water quality, and the USGS GAP tool was used to estimate impacts on ecological habitats. Although this study is focused on four types of bird species, as a surrogate of biodiversity across the study site (Big Creek Watershed in southwestern Indiana), the methodology can be applied to other species and regions. The study helped assess redundancies as well as trade-offs between the flooding, water quality, and habitat objective functions. Additionally, the methodology helped assess critical locations that help improve multiple goals. Close

• 2. [Article] A Remotely Controlled Siphon System for Dynamic Water Storage Management

  This thesis presents an analytical, experimental and numerical study of the initiation of flows in a siphon for rapid and gradual openings of a downstream valve. Three initial water levels in the upstream ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Remotely Controlled Siphon System for Dynamic Water Storage Management Author: Alnahit, Ali This thesis presents an analytical, experimental and numerical study of the initiation of flows in a siphon for rapid and gradual openings of a downstream valve. Three initial water levels in the upstream tank and four final positions for the downstream valve were investigated. Two opening times of the downstream valve were also studied. Good agreement between analytical, experimental and numerical results were obtained. The proposed siphon system was found to initiate the flow regardless the downstream valve is opened gradually or rapidly. However, small leakages may lead to air at atmospheric pressure to rush into the top of the siphon and stop the flow. Overall, the proposed siphon system can be an effective and inexpensive method to dynamically manage the storage of ponds and wetlands for flood control. Title: A Remotely Controlled Siphon System for Dynamic Water Storage Management Author: Alnahit, Ali This thesis presents an analytical, experimental and numerical study of the initiation of flows in a siphon for rapid and gradual openings of a downstream valve. Three initial water levels in the upstream tank and four final positions for the downstream valve were investigated. Two opening times of the downstream valve were also studied. Good agreement between analytical, experimental and numerical results were obtained. The proposed siphon system was found to initiate the flow regardless the downstream valve is opened gradually or rapidly. However, small leakages may lead to air at atmospheric pressure to rush into the top of the siphon and stop the flow. Overall, the proposed siphon system can be an effective and inexpensive method to dynamically manage the storage of ponds and wetlands for flood control. Close

• 3. [Article] Are Watershed Management Plans Selected and Preferred by Stakeholders Considering Current Climate Conditions Robust against Climate Change Scenarios? A Sensitivity Study of Stakeholders Spatially-Explicit Preferences

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Are Watershed Management Plans Selected and Preferred by Stakeholders Considering Current Climate Conditions Robust against Climate Change Scenarios? A Sensitivity Study of Stakeholders Spatially-Explicit Preferences Author: Cannady-Shultz, Kenneth R. Title: Are Watershed Management Plans Selected and Preferred by Stakeholders Considering Current Climate Conditions Robust against Climate Change Scenarios? A Sensitivity Study of Stakeholders Spatially-Explicit Preferences Author: Cannady-Shultz, Kenneth R. Close

• 4. [Article] Spatial identification and optimization of upland wetlands in agricultural watersheds

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Spatial identification and optimization of upland wetlands in agricultural watersheds Author: Barr, Robert C., Babbar-Sebens, Meghna, Anderson, Milo, Tedesco, Lenore P. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.elsevier.com/. Title: Spatial identification and optimization of upland wetlands in agricultural watersheds Author: Barr, Robert C., Babbar-Sebens, Meghna, Anderson, Milo, Tedesco, Lenore P. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.elsevier.com/. Close

• 5. [Article] Modeling phosphorus sequestration and release in an Upper Klamath Basin wetland

  Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) and Agency Lake (AL) in southern Oregon are both hypereutrophic, in large part due to natural and anthropogenic loading of phosphorus (P), resulting in annual blooms of blue-green ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Modeling phosphorus sequestration and release in an Upper Klamath Basin wetland Author: Mulford, Emily L. Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) and Agency Lake (AL) in southern Oregon are both hypereutrophic, in large part due to natural and anthropogenic loading of phosphorus (P), resulting in annual blooms of blue-green algae. Reduction of P loading to the lake is considered crucial to reduce the blue-green algae blooms, maintain water quality, and increase the fish populations within the lake. Restoration of fringe wetlands is one potential way to reduce external P loading to the lake. However, upon the initial period of flooding, restored wetlands have been found to also be a source of P into the lake, as a result of P resuspension due to years of soil disturbance. We adapted a mass balance model of the biological P uptake and release to examine how P wetland dynamics change over the course of a year in restored wetlands in the Upper Klamath Basin. Our analyses focused on 1) comparing the P release and sequestration processes over each season, 2) examining whether wetlands around the lakes act as a net source or sink of P to UKL, 3) investigating wetland management strategies to determine if there is any one that is most successful at sequestering P, and 4) if release and sequestration of P in restored wetlands contribute to the P dynamics of the broader ecosystem in the UKL. Results from this model indicate resuspension of P in the wetlands is high throughout the year, yet outflow only occurs during the first 16 days of the summer, and macrophyte uptake and sedimentation of P are most important in sequestering P. Additionally, our findings indicate that two of the modeled management strategies are successful at preventing P from reaching the lakes, and that wetlands around the lake act as a net sink of P to UKL over time. However, the reduction or termination of external loading is not likely to reduce the algal blooms in the lakes, as the amount of P recycled from the lake sediments each year far exceeds the capabilities of the current wetlands. Title: Modeling phosphorus sequestration and release in an Upper Klamath Basin wetland Author: Mulford, Emily L. Upper Klamath Lake (UKL) and Agency Lake (AL) in southern Oregon are both hypereutrophic, in large part due to natural and anthropogenic loading of phosphorus (P), resulting in annual blooms of blue-green algae. Reduction of P loading to the lake is considered crucial to reduce the blue-green algae blooms, maintain water quality, and increase the fish populations within the lake. Restoration of fringe wetlands is one potential way to reduce external P loading to the lake. However, upon the initial period of flooding, restored wetlands have been found to also be a source of P into the lake, as a result of P resuspension due to years of soil disturbance. We adapted a mass balance model of the biological P uptake and release to examine how P wetland dynamics change over the course of a year in restored wetlands in the Upper Klamath Basin. Our analyses focused on 1) comparing the P release and sequestration processes over each season, 2) examining whether wetlands around the lakes act as a net source or sink of P to UKL, 3) investigating wetland management strategies to determine if there is any one that is most successful at sequestering P, and 4) if release and sequestration of P in restored wetlands contribute to the P dynamics of the broader ecosystem in the UKL. Results from this model indicate resuspension of P in the wetlands is high throughout the year, yet outflow only occurs during the first 16 days of the summer, and macrophyte uptake and sedimentation of P are most important in sequestering P. Additionally, our findings indicate that two of the modeled management strategies are successful at preventing P from reaching the lakes, and that wetlands around the lake act as a net sink of P to UKL over time. However, the reduction or termination of external loading is not likely to reduce the algal blooms in the lakes, as the amount of P recycled from the lake sediments each year far exceeds the capabilities of the current wetlands. Close

• 6. [Article] History, Current Conditions, and Wetland Restoration at Killin Wetlands Natural Area, Washington County, Oregon

  Produced by The Wetlands Conservancy and Oregon Biodiversity Information Center, Institute for Natural Resources, Portland State University for Metro, August 2015.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: History, Current Conditions, and Wetland Restoration at Killin Wetlands Natural Area, Washington County, Oregon Author: Christy, John A. Produced by The Wetlands Conservancy and Oregon Biodiversity Information Center, Institute for Natural Resources, Portland State University for Metro, August 2015. Title: History, Current Conditions, and Wetland Restoration at Killin Wetlands Natural Area, Washington County, Oregon Author: Christy, John A. Produced by The Wetlands Conservancy and Oregon Biodiversity Information Center, Institute for Natural Resources, Portland State University for Metro, August 2015. Close

• 7. [Article] Wet Meadow Plant Associations, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Harney County, Oregon

  Report by Portland State University's Oregon Biodiversity Information Center (ORBIC), part of the Oregon University System's Institute for Natural Resources

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Wet Meadow Plant Associations, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Harney County, Oregon Author: Christy, John A. Report by Portland State University's Oregon Biodiversity Information Center (ORBIC), part of the Oregon University System's Institute for Natural Resources Title: Wet Meadow Plant Associations, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Harney County, Oregon Author: Christy, John A. Report by Portland State University's Oregon Biodiversity Information Center (ORBIC), part of the Oregon University System's Institute for Natural Resources Close

• 8. [Article] Will wetlands restoration plans today still be effective tomorrow? Evaluation of performance of potential wetlands for peak flow reduction in future climate scenarios in the Eagle Creek Watershed, IN

  Global climate change is expected to exaggerate the severity of floods and droughts and increase the frequency of extreme streamflow events in the Midwestern United States. Managing these projected impacts ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Will wetlands restoration plans today still be effective tomorrow? Evaluation of performance of potential wetlands for peak flow reduction in future climate scenarios in the Eagle Creek Watershed, IN Author: Walters, Kelli M. Global climate change is expected to exaggerate the severity of floods and droughts and increase the frequency of extreme streamflow events in the Midwestern United States. Managing these projected impacts poses a major challenge for water resources, conservation, and land use management. Wetlands have been considered as a conservation strategy and work to increase the capacity of watersheds by storing runoff upstream. The implementation of wetlands, especially in tile-drained agricultural watersheds, can reduce peak flows and help mitigate the anticipated impacts of climate change. The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term performance of wetlands to reduce peak flows in future climate scenarios in the Eagle Creek Watershed in Indiana, as well as to establish a methodology to incorporate climate change into hydrological models to conduct better long-term land management studies and decisions. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was forced with bias corrected climate projections from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) to evaluate the impacts of climate change on watershed hydrology and the ability of wetlands to reduce peak flows. Long-term monthly streamflow results predicted a slight increase in streamflow in the winter and a slight decrease in the summer from the past (1971-2000) to future (2041-2070) time periods. About half of the climate realizations produced an increase in the Q05 (5% exceedance flow) value and half a decrease, but all predictions agreed that high flow events will increase in frequency in the winter and decrease in the spring and summer. No-flow events, although found to be over-predicted by the hydrological model, showed an increase from the past to the future for all climate realizations. Results from the wetland analysis showed that if all potential wetlands identified in a previous study are installed in the watershed, maximum peak flow reductions of around 20-50 m³/s for the past and future, as well as decreased frequency of extreme events, can be seen. Wetlands proved to be a robust solution for peak flow reduction, producing consistent reductions across all climate projections for both the past and future time periods. Title: Will wetlands restoration plans today still be effective tomorrow? Evaluation of performance of potential wetlands for peak flow reduction in future climate scenarios in the Eagle Creek Watershed, IN Author: Walters, Kelli M. Global climate change is expected to exaggerate the severity of floods and droughts and increase the frequency of extreme streamflow events in the Midwestern United States. Managing these projected impacts poses a major challenge for water resources, conservation, and land use management. Wetlands have been considered as a conservation strategy and work to increase the capacity of watersheds by storing runoff upstream. The implementation of wetlands, especially in tile-drained agricultural watersheds, can reduce peak flows and help mitigate the anticipated impacts of climate change. The goal of this study was to evaluate the long-term performance of wetlands to reduce peak flows in future climate scenarios in the Eagle Creek Watershed in Indiana, as well as to establish a methodology to incorporate climate change into hydrological models to conduct better long-term land management studies and decisions. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model was forced with bias corrected climate projections from the North American Regional Climate Change Assessment Program (NARCCAP) to evaluate the impacts of climate change on watershed hydrology and the ability of wetlands to reduce peak flows. Long-term monthly streamflow results predicted a slight increase in streamflow in the winter and a slight decrease in the summer from the past (1971-2000) to future (2041-2070) time periods. About half of the climate realizations produced an increase in the Q05 (5% exceedance flow) value and half a decrease, but all predictions agreed that high flow events will increase in frequency in the winter and decrease in the spring and summer. No-flow events, although found to be over-predicted by the hydrological model, showed an increase from the past to the future for all climate realizations. Results from the wetland analysis showed that if all potential wetlands identified in a previous study are installed in the watershed, maximum peak flow reductions of around 20-50 m³/s for the past and future, as well as decreased frequency of extreme events, can be seen. Wetlands proved to be a robust solution for peak flow reduction, producing consistent reductions across all climate projections for both the past and future time periods. Close