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• 51. [Article] THE EFFECT OF A PATENT FORAMEN OVALE ON THERMOREGULATORY AND VENTILATORY RESPONSES DURING PASSIVE HEATING AND COOLING

  41 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: THE EFFECT OF A PATENT FORAMEN OVALE ON THERMOREGULATORY AND VENTILATORY RESPONSES DURING PASSIVE HEATING AND COOLING Author: Hay, Madeline Year: 2016 41 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2016. Title: THE EFFECT OF A PATENT FORAMEN OVALE ON THERMOREGULATORY AND VENTILATORY RESPONSES DURING PASSIVE HEATING AND COOLING Author: Hay, Madeline Year: 2016 41 pages. A thesis presented to the Department of Human Physiology and the Clark Honors College of the University of Oregon in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Bachelor of Science, Spring 2016. Close

• 52. [Article] Pre-spawning migration of adult Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, in the Willamette River, Oregon, U.S.A.

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by [publisher] and can be found at: http://www.springerlink.com/publications/e/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Pre-spawning migration of adult Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, in the Willamette River, Oregon, U.S.A. Author: Schreck, Carl B., Clemens, Benjamin J., Mesa, Matthew G., Young, Douglas A., Magie, Robert J. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by [publisher] and can be found at: http://www.springerlink.com/publications/e/. Title: Pre-spawning migration of adult Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, in the Willamette River, Oregon, U.S.A. Author: Schreck, Carl B., Clemens, Benjamin J., Mesa, Matthew G., Young, Douglas A., Magie, Robert J. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by [publisher] and can be found at: http://www.springerlink.com/publications/e/. Close

• 53. [Article] Dormancy and Germination Pre-treatments in Willamette Valley Native Plants

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Northwest Scientific Association and can be found at: http://www.northwestscience.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Dormancy and Germination Pre-treatments in Willamette Valley Native Plants Author: Russell, Michael This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Northwest Scientific Association and can be found at: http://www.northwestscience.org/. Title: Dormancy and Germination Pre-treatments in Willamette Valley Native Plants Author: Russell, Michael This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Northwest Scientific Association and can be found at: http://www.northwestscience.org/. Close

• 54. [Article] Specific consensus statement on the likely impacts of climate change on the Pacific Northwest

  The signatories of this statement seek to describe the state of scientific knowledge regarding likely impacts of climate change to the Pacific Northwest region. The intent is to assist Governor Kulongoski’s ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Specific consensus statement on the likely impacts of climate change on the Pacific Northwest The signatories of this statement seek to describe the state of scientific knowledge regarding likely impacts of climate change to the Pacific Northwest region. The intent is to assist Governor Kulongoski’s Advisory Group on Global Warming in its task of developing a greenhouse gas emission reduction strategy for Oregon. The signatories agree that climate change is underway and that it is having global effects as well as impacts in the Pacific Northwest region. Title: Specific consensus statement on the likely impacts of climate change on the Pacific Northwest The signatories of this statement seek to describe the state of scientific knowledge regarding likely impacts of climate change to the Pacific Northwest region. The intent is to assist Governor Kulongoski’s Advisory Group on Global Warming in its task of developing a greenhouse gas emission reduction strategy for Oregon. The signatories agree that climate change is underway and that it is having global effects as well as impacts in the Pacific Northwest region. Close

• 55. [Article] Glacier changes and climate trends derived from multiple sources in the data scarce Cordillera Vilcanota region, southern Peruvian Andes

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union and can be found at: http://www.the-cryosphere.net/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Glacier changes and climate trends derived from multiple sources in the data scarce Cordillera Vilcanota region, southern Peruvian Andes Author: Silverio, W., Burns, Patrick J. (Patrick Joseph), Salzmann, N., Portocarrero, C., Huggel, C., Mark, B. G., Rohrer, M. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union and can be found at: http://www.the-cryosphere.net/. Title: Glacier changes and climate trends derived from multiple sources in the data scarce Cordillera Vilcanota region, southern Peruvian Andes Author: Silverio, W., Burns, Patrick J. (Patrick Joseph), Salzmann, N., Portocarrero, C., Huggel, C., Mark, B. G., Rohrer, M. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union and can be found at: http://www.the-cryosphere.net/. Close

• 56. [Article] Dynamics of a long-lived magmatic system as indicated by variations in amphibole composition and textures in dacites erupted over 11 M.y. at the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster, Central Andes, Chile

  The Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster (AVC) is the erupted part of a magmatic system with a complex and long-lived history. The AVC lies at 21°S in the high Andes and is built on thick continental crust. The ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Dynamics of a long-lived magmatic system as indicated by variations in amphibole composition and textures in dacites erupted over 11 M.y. at the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster, Central Andes, Chile Author: Giles, Denise E. L. The Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster (AVC) is the erupted part of a magmatic system with a complex and long-lived history. The AVC lies at 21°S in the high Andes and is built on thick continental crust. The thick crust in the area combined with the prolonged magmatic activity make it an excellent natural laboratory for examining long-term evolution of a continental arc volcanic system. The eruptive products deposited over the last 11 million years of volcanic activity preserve snapshots of the developing, dominantly dacitic, magmatic system and gives indications of the processes occurring at depth. In this study, the textural and compositional diversity of amphiboles from selected dacites inform the development of the intensive magmatic parameters including pressure, temperature and volatile content, during the protracted magmatism observed at the AVC. There are 4 dominant amphibole compositions erupted at the AVC, higher aluminum magnesiohastingsite, pargasite, and tschermakite and the relatively low aluminum magnesiohornblende, using the nomenclature of Leake et al., 1997. Amphiboles in early erupted dacites (11-8 Ma) occur in two compositionally distinct aluminum populations and have diverse textures. During voluminous dacite volcanism between 6 and 2 Ma, amphiboles are most strongly compositionally zoned, and while still displaying textural diversity, some equilibrium textures common in the early and late stages are rare. In the youngest stage (1-0.24 Ma), amphiboles in many dacites have two compositional populations distinguished by alunimum; equilibrium crystals with thin or no reaction rim are most common in the amphiboles from this stage. Changes in Cl, F and S and stable isotopes of the system were used as indicators of the evolution of the magmatic system. Fluorine increases in amphiboles over the 11 million year magmatic history independent of amphibole composition, implying a system-wide increase in F. Sulfur and chlorine in amphiboles correlate well with aluminum in amphibole: low aluminum amphiboles have low S (up to 40 ppm), whereas higher aluminum amphiboles had sulfur contents from 70-160 ppm. Amphiboles with lower aluminum have lower Cl contents than amphiboles with higher aluminum. Coupled amphibole geothermometry and geobarometry are utilized in this study to investigate pressure and temperature of the magmas at the AVC. Amphiboles from the early group are consistent with eruption of dacite from discrete magma batches: some residing at shallow levels of ~1-2 kbar and ~700-800 °C and some deeper at ~4-6.5 kbar and ~750-850 °C. It is interpreted that with time, the dacitic magma reservoir becomes integrated at relatively shallow levels (1.8-3.5 kbar and ~800-900°C). In waning, increasingly silicic stage of volcanism (~1-0.24 Ma), dacite magma is erupted from a shallow and cooler system of ~0.5-1.8kbar and ~700-800 °C. Title: Dynamics of a long-lived magmatic system as indicated by variations in amphibole composition and textures in dacites erupted over 11 M.y. at the Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster, Central Andes, Chile Author: Giles, Denise E. L. The Aucanquilcha Volcanic Cluster (AVC) is the erupted part of a magmatic system with a complex and long-lived history. The AVC lies at 21°S in the high Andes and is built on thick continental crust. The thick crust in the area combined with the prolonged magmatic activity make it an excellent natural laboratory for examining long-term evolution of a continental arc volcanic system. The eruptive products deposited over the last 11 million years of volcanic activity preserve snapshots of the developing, dominantly dacitic, magmatic system and gives indications of the processes occurring at depth. In this study, the textural and compositional diversity of amphiboles from selected dacites inform the development of the intensive magmatic parameters including pressure, temperature and volatile content, during the protracted magmatism observed at the AVC. There are 4 dominant amphibole compositions erupted at the AVC, higher aluminum magnesiohastingsite, pargasite, and tschermakite and the relatively low aluminum magnesiohornblende, using the nomenclature of Leake et al., 1997. Amphiboles in early erupted dacites (11-8 Ma) occur in two compositionally distinct aluminum populations and have diverse textures. During voluminous dacite volcanism between 6 and 2 Ma, amphiboles are most strongly compositionally zoned, and while still displaying textural diversity, some equilibrium textures common in the early and late stages are rare. In the youngest stage (1-0.24 Ma), amphiboles in many dacites have two compositional populations distinguished by alunimum; equilibrium crystals with thin or no reaction rim are most common in the amphiboles from this stage. Changes in Cl, F and S and stable isotopes of the system were used as indicators of the evolution of the magmatic system. Fluorine increases in amphiboles over the 11 million year magmatic history independent of amphibole composition, implying a system-wide increase in F. Sulfur and chlorine in amphiboles correlate well with aluminum in amphibole: low aluminum amphiboles have low S (up to 40 ppm), whereas higher aluminum amphiboles had sulfur contents from 70-160 ppm. Amphiboles with lower aluminum have lower Cl contents than amphiboles with higher aluminum. Coupled amphibole geothermometry and geobarometry are utilized in this study to investigate pressure and temperature of the magmas at the AVC. Amphiboles from the early group are consistent with eruption of dacite from discrete magma batches: some residing at shallow levels of ~1-2 kbar and ~700-800 °C and some deeper at ~4-6.5 kbar and ~750-850 °C. It is interpreted that with time, the dacitic magma reservoir becomes integrated at relatively shallow levels (1.8-3.5 kbar and ~800-900°C). In waning, increasingly silicic stage of volcanism (~1-0.24 Ma), dacite magma is erupted from a shallow and cooler system of ~0.5-1.8kbar and ~700-800 °C. Close

• 57. [Article] Vertebral elemental markers in elasmobranchs : potential for reconstructing environmental history and population structure

  Differences in the chemical composition of calcified structures can be used to reveal natal origins, connectivity, metapopulation structure, and reconstruct the environmental history or movement patterns ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Vertebral elemental markers in elasmobranchs : potential for reconstructing environmental history and population structure Author: Smith, Wade D. Differences in the chemical composition of calcified structures can be used to reveal natal origins, connectivity, metapopulation structure, and reconstruct the environmental history or movement patterns of many marine organisms. Sharks, skates, and rays (elasmobranchs) lack the calcified structures, known as otoliths, that are typically used for geochemical studies of dispersal and natal origin in fishes. If the incorporation of elements into shark and ray vertebrae is related to environmental conditions, the geochemical composition of cartilaginous vertebrae may also serve as natural tags and records of environmental history in elasmobranch populations. I used complementary laboratory and field studies to address several key assumptions regarding the incorporation of elements in elasmobranch vertebrae, providing the first detailed studies to assess relationships between water and vertebral chemical composition and the spatial and temporal variation of vertebral elemental signatures in this subclass of fishes. To validate the uptake and incorporation of elements from water to vertebrae, I conducted two laboratory studies using round stingrays, Urobatis halleri, as a model species. First, I examined the effects of temperature (16°, 18°, 24° C) on vertebral elemental incorporation (Li/Ca, Mg/Ca, Mn/Ca, Zn/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca) and found that temperature had strong, negative effects on the uptake (measured as a partition coefficient, D[subscript Element]) of magnesium and Ba and positively influenced manganese incorporation. Second, I tested the relationship between water and vertebral elemental composition by manipulating dissolved barium (Ba) concentrations (1x, 3x, 6x ambient concentrations) and found significant differences among rays from each treament. I also evaluated the influence of natural variation in somatic growth and vertebral precipitation rates on elemental incorporation. Finally, I examined the accuracy of classifying individuals to known environmental histories (temperature and barium treatments) using vertebral elemental composition. There were no significant relationships between elemental incorporation and somatic growth or vertebral precipitation rates for any elements with the exception of Zn. Relationships between somatic growth rate and D[subscript Zn] were, however, inconsistent and inconclusive. Elemental variation of vertebrae reliably distinguished U. halleri based on temperature (85%) and [Ba] (96%) history. These results support the assumption that vertebral elemental composition reflects the environmental conditions during deposition and validates the use of vertebral elemental signatures as natural markers in an elasmobranch. To evaluate the utility of vertebral geochemistry as intrinsic markers of natal origin, I collected vertebrae of young-of-the-year scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) from artisanal fishery landings at six sites along the Pacific coast of Mexico and Costa Rica between 2007-2009. A total of 386 vertebrae were used to assess patterns of spatial and temporal variation in elemental composition using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A protracted pupping period was confirmed for S. lewini, with newborn pups being recorded from May through mid-October. Natal elemental signatures detected in the vertebrae of the sharks varied significantly among sites and could be used to identify source populations. All element-to-calcium ratios included in these analyses (Li/Ca, Mg/Ca, V/Ca, Cr/Ca, Mn/Ca, Rb/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca, Pb/Ca) were useful for the discerning natal origins of sharks; however, Ba, Sr, Mn, and Mg ratios most consistently generated the greatest discriminatory power based on step-wise discriminant function analyses. Classification accuracy to putative nursery areas (natal signature) and location of capture (edge signature) based on step-wise discriminant function analysis ranged from low (30-60%) to high (80-100%) depending on the degree of spatial and temporal resolution by which the data were filtered for analysis (e.g. pooled across months, early season, late season). All classification accuracies exceeded chance expectations and assignment to putative nursery areas and sites of capture were accomplished with up to 100% accuracy in several models. I found significant intra-annual differences in natal elemental signatures within the three primary study sites, which likely contributed to the low assignment accuracies when data were grouped across months of collection. Significant differences in natal elemental signatures were also detected across years. However, pair-wise analyses revealed that site-specific inter-annual variation was driven by differences associated with samples collected in 2009. Natal elemental signatures were similar between 2007 and 2009, indicating some consistency in site-specific vertebral chemistry across years. These results confirmed that vertebral elemental signatures can be applied to distinguish individuals across small (5s km), moderate (100s km), and large spatial scales (>1000 km). The potential for intra-annual variation in natal signatures within a year-class highlights the importance of cohort-specific analyses and the development of a spatial atlas of natal vertebral elemental signatures for studies of natal origin and population connectivity. The findings of my laboratory validation experiments and field study establish that geochemical analyses of vertebrae can provide reliable information on the spatial ecology and environmental history of shark and ray populations. The use of elemental signatures offers a new approach for the study and conservation of this historically vulnerable group of fishes. Title: Vertebral elemental markers in elasmobranchs : potential for reconstructing environmental history and population structure Author: Smith, Wade D. Differences in the chemical composition of calcified structures can be used to reveal natal origins, connectivity, metapopulation structure, and reconstruct the environmental history or movement patterns of many marine organisms. Sharks, skates, and rays (elasmobranchs) lack the calcified structures, known as otoliths, that are typically used for geochemical studies of dispersal and natal origin in fishes. If the incorporation of elements into shark and ray vertebrae is related to environmental conditions, the geochemical composition of cartilaginous vertebrae may also serve as natural tags and records of environmental history in elasmobranch populations. I used complementary laboratory and field studies to address several key assumptions regarding the incorporation of elements in elasmobranch vertebrae, providing the first detailed studies to assess relationships between water and vertebral chemical composition and the spatial and temporal variation of vertebral elemental signatures in this subclass of fishes. To validate the uptake and incorporation of elements from water to vertebrae, I conducted two laboratory studies using round stingrays, Urobatis halleri, as a model species. First, I examined the effects of temperature (16°, 18°, 24° C) on vertebral elemental incorporation (Li/Ca, Mg/Ca, Mn/Ca, Zn/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca) and found that temperature had strong, negative effects on the uptake (measured as a partition coefficient, D[subscript Element]) of magnesium and Ba and positively influenced manganese incorporation. Second, I tested the relationship between water and vertebral elemental composition by manipulating dissolved barium (Ba) concentrations (1x, 3x, 6x ambient concentrations) and found significant differences among rays from each treament. I also evaluated the influence of natural variation in somatic growth and vertebral precipitation rates on elemental incorporation. Finally, I examined the accuracy of classifying individuals to known environmental histories (temperature and barium treatments) using vertebral elemental composition. There were no significant relationships between elemental incorporation and somatic growth or vertebral precipitation rates for any elements with the exception of Zn. Relationships between somatic growth rate and D[subscript Zn] were, however, inconsistent and inconclusive. Elemental variation of vertebrae reliably distinguished U. halleri based on temperature (85%) and [Ba] (96%) history. These results support the assumption that vertebral elemental composition reflects the environmental conditions during deposition and validates the use of vertebral elemental signatures as natural markers in an elasmobranch. To evaluate the utility of vertebral geochemistry as intrinsic markers of natal origin, I collected vertebrae of young-of-the-year scalloped hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna lewini) from artisanal fishery landings at six sites along the Pacific coast of Mexico and Costa Rica between 2007-2009. A total of 386 vertebrae were used to assess patterns of spatial and temporal variation in elemental composition using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. A protracted pupping period was confirmed for S. lewini, with newborn pups being recorded from May through mid-October. Natal elemental signatures detected in the vertebrae of the sharks varied significantly among sites and could be used to identify source populations. All element-to-calcium ratios included in these analyses (Li/Ca, Mg/Ca, V/Ca, Cr/Ca, Mn/Ca, Rb/Ca, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca, Pb/Ca) were useful for the discerning natal origins of sharks; however, Ba, Sr, Mn, and Mg ratios most consistently generated the greatest discriminatory power based on step-wise discriminant function analyses. Classification accuracy to putative nursery areas (natal signature) and location of capture (edge signature) based on step-wise discriminant function analysis ranged from low (30-60%) to high (80-100%) depending on the degree of spatial and temporal resolution by which the data were filtered for analysis (e.g. pooled across months, early season, late season). All classification accuracies exceeded chance expectations and assignment to putative nursery areas and sites of capture were accomplished with up to 100% accuracy in several models. I found significant intra-annual differences in natal elemental signatures within the three primary study sites, which likely contributed to the low assignment accuracies when data were grouped across months of collection. Significant differences in natal elemental signatures were also detected across years. However, pair-wise analyses revealed that site-specific inter-annual variation was driven by differences associated with samples collected in 2009. Natal elemental signatures were similar between 2007 and 2009, indicating some consistency in site-specific vertebral chemistry across years. These results confirmed that vertebral elemental signatures can be applied to distinguish individuals across small (5s km), moderate (100s km), and large spatial scales (>1000 km). The potential for intra-annual variation in natal signatures within a year-class highlights the importance of cohort-specific analyses and the development of a spatial atlas of natal vertebral elemental signatures for studies of natal origin and population connectivity. The findings of my laboratory validation experiments and field study establish that geochemical analyses of vertebrae can provide reliable information on the spatial ecology and environmental history of shark and ray populations. The use of elemental signatures offers a new approach for the study and conservation of this historically vulnerable group of fishes. Close

• 58. [Article] Effects of mesoscale processes on phytoplankton chlorophyll off Baja California

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://sites.agu.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effects of mesoscale processes on phytoplankton chlorophyll off Baja California Author: Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto, Strub, P. Ted, T. Leticia Espinosa-Carreon, T. Leticia, Beier, Emilio, Kurczyn, J. A. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://sites.agu.org/. Title: Effects of mesoscale processes on phytoplankton chlorophyll off Baja California Author: Gaxiola-Castro, Gilberto, Strub, P. Ted, T. Leticia Espinosa-Carreon, T. Leticia, Beier, Emilio, Kurczyn, J. A. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Geophysical Union and can be found at: http://sites.agu.org/. Close

• 59. [Article] Density of the Waterborne Parasite Ceratomyxa shasta and Its Biological Effects on Salmon

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Society for Microbiology and can be found at: http://www.asm.org/.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Density of the Waterborne Parasite Ceratomyxa shasta and Its Biological Effects on Salmon Author: Bartholomew, Jerri L., Holt, Richard A., Ray, R. Adam, Atkinson, Stephen D., Buckles, Gerri R., Hallett, Sascha L., Hurst, Charlene N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Society for Microbiology and can be found at: http://www.asm.org/. Title: Density of the Waterborne Parasite Ceratomyxa shasta and Its Biological Effects on Salmon Author: Bartholomew, Jerri L., Holt, Richard A., Ray, R. Adam, Atkinson, Stephen D., Buckles, Gerri R., Hallett, Sascha L., Hurst, Charlene N. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by American Society for Microbiology and can be found at: http://www.asm.org/. Close