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• 301. [Article] Europe – Can It Keep Up With Creativity & Innovation?

  Innovation in Europe is of great interest to the world since a major portion of the world GDP relies on its goods and services which in turn are dependent on technology and innovation to stay competitive ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Europe – Can It Keep Up With Creativity & Innovation? Author: Sheikh, Nasir, Villanueva, Maribel, Schwarz, Justus, Wolfangel, Nadja, Devadoss, Durai, Algain, Mosaab Year: 2009 Innovation in Europe is of great interest to the world since a major portion of the world GDP relies on its goods and services which in turn are dependent on technology and innovation to stay competitive and remain relevant. This paper addresses Europe’s position in the world innovation and creativity stage by analyzing its trends—barriers and drivers—and compares its innovation-related performance metrics to those of the United States and Japan. The drivers indicate that the top European countries have motivated employees. A quantitative analysis indicates that countries like Sweden, Switzerland, and Finland, Europe are still ranked highest on the Global Innovation Scoreboard (GIS). A qualitative analysis indicates that EU is well-positioned in innovation because it’s simplified and standardized laws that help commercialization and strong support for local students to excel to graduate studies and R&D. Technology and industrial clusters provide a strong base for innovation and directed technological advances. Germany and Northern European countries (Sweden, Denmark, and Finland) have well-established diversified industrial clusters that are supported by both industries and government policies. In conclusion, Europe is still strong in innovation due to its diversified and established infrastructure and skilled and motivated talent. The authors recommend that Europe should focus on the strengths of each country, region, and technology cluster to continue to develop its innovation leadership. Title: Europe – Can It Keep Up With Creativity & Innovation? Author: Sheikh, Nasir, Villanueva, Maribel, Schwarz, Justus, Wolfangel, Nadja, Devadoss, Durai, Algain, Mosaab Year: 2009 Innovation in Europe is of great interest to the world since a major portion of the world GDP relies on its goods and services which in turn are dependent on technology and innovation to stay competitive and remain relevant. This paper addresses Europe’s position in the world innovation and creativity stage by analyzing its trends—barriers and drivers—and compares its innovation-related performance metrics to those of the United States and Japan. The drivers indicate that the top European countries have motivated employees. A quantitative analysis indicates that countries like Sweden, Switzerland, and Finland, Europe are still ranked highest on the Global Innovation Scoreboard (GIS). A qualitative analysis indicates that EU is well-positioned in innovation because it’s simplified and standardized laws that help commercialization and strong support for local students to excel to graduate studies and R&D. Technology and industrial clusters provide a strong base for innovation and directed technological advances. Germany and Northern European countries (Sweden, Denmark, and Finland) have well-established diversified industrial clusters that are supported by both industries and government policies. In conclusion, Europe is still strong in innovation due to its diversified and established infrastructure and skilled and motivated talent. The authors recommend that Europe should focus on the strengths of each country, region, and technology cluster to continue to develop its innovation leadership. Close

• 302. [Article] Optimizing the Number of WiMAX Antennas

  Emergency communications, voice communications, electronic mail and other internet based communications are becoming vital for communities to function in today’s modern world. When these are lost due to ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Optimizing the Number of WiMAX Antennas Author: Letts, Matthew, Krampits, Mark, Khamis, Rabah, Aldhaban, Fahad Year: 2010 Emergency communications, voice communications, electronic mail and other internet based communications are becoming vital for communities to function in today’s modern world. When these are lost due to natural or man-made disasters, relief efforts face tremendous difficulties in coordinating the lifesaving services that respond to the disaster. Expediting the restoration of these communications is essential to saving lives. For communities in developing nations with have no existing communication infrastructure, low cost wireless based communications are essential to bring these services to those communities. Today, WiMAX, a communication technology invented by Intel Corporation et al, is meeting those challenges. In this paper we discuss the deployment of WiMAX in those situations and we will focus how can we minimize the number of antennas or transceivers (by sector) one WiMAX tower should have while meeting the needed coverage. In this paper, we will discuss the technology, the possibilities of deploying WiMAX in emerging markets and the benefits of its deployment to help restore communications after natural or man-made disasters. The paper will discuss an operational model that can be used to determine how many antennas will be needed for single pole or tower deployment in these areas. The model will take into consideration the number of anticipated users, the range for the signal, the bandwidth requirements. Title: Optimizing the Number of WiMAX Antennas Author: Letts, Matthew, Krampits, Mark, Khamis, Rabah, Aldhaban, Fahad Year: 2010 Emergency communications, voice communications, electronic mail and other internet based communications are becoming vital for communities to function in today’s modern world. When these are lost due to natural or man-made disasters, relief efforts face tremendous difficulties in coordinating the lifesaving services that respond to the disaster. Expediting the restoration of these communications is essential to saving lives. For communities in developing nations with have no existing communication infrastructure, low cost wireless based communications are essential to bring these services to those communities. Today, WiMAX, a communication technology invented by Intel Corporation et al, is meeting those challenges. In this paper we discuss the deployment of WiMAX in those situations and we will focus how can we minimize the number of antennas or transceivers (by sector) one WiMAX tower should have while meeting the needed coverage. In this paper, we will discuss the technology, the possibilities of deploying WiMAX in emerging markets and the benefits of its deployment to help restore communications after natural or man-made disasters. The paper will discuss an operational model that can be used to determine how many antennas will be needed for single pole or tower deployment in these areas. The model will take into consideration the number of anticipated users, the range for the signal, the bandwidth requirements. Close

• 303. [Article] SpaceX Satellite Constellations

  As of June 2017, only 51% of people worldwide have access to the internet. The goal of this project is to deploy the world's first global satellite internet service capable of servicing both internet backbone ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: SpaceX Satellite Constellations Author: Babu, Anju, Camp, Kevin, Price, Wray Year: 2017 As of June 2017, only 51% of people worldwide have access to the internet. The goal of this project is to deploy the world's first global satellite internet service capable of servicing both internet backbone infrastructure and end consumers across the globe. Founded in 2002 SpaceX has revolutionized the space launch industry, with the end goal of making Humans a multi planetary species. This effort requires significant funding resources, which has led to the pursuit of business opportunities beyond the launch market where SpaceX currently does the majority of its business. By providing global internet coverage, SpaceX stands to make a profit of $15 Billion by 2025, proving the funding necessary to further the company's long term goals. The FCC has approved the proposal to deploy 4,425 satellites into 83 different low earth orbital planes. It is stipulated in this approval is that 50% of the constellation must be deployed within 6 years, with the remaining deployed within 9 years. These deployment timelines imposed by the FCC are critical to the success of the full constellation. Failure to meet these deadlines could result in the revocation of the operating license, and a loss of all investments made in the development, production and deployment of the constellation. The objective of this project is to launch and successfully deploy the prototype satellites into orbit. The project team headed by the Project Manager has prepared a baseline schedule and budget for the project. The project start date is Monday, January 1st, 2018 and takes 109 working days to finish. Any delay in the baseline schedule results in the extension of the extended project. This affects the regulatory compliance, revenues, competitive advantage and reputation of the firm. Thus, it is a mission and time-critical project which needs constant monitoring and evaluation. Title: SpaceX Satellite Constellations Author: Babu, Anju, Camp, Kevin, Price, Wray Year: 2017 As of June 2017, only 51% of people worldwide have access to the internet. The goal of this project is to deploy the world's first global satellite internet service capable of servicing both internet backbone infrastructure and end consumers across the globe. Founded in 2002 SpaceX has revolutionized the space launch industry, with the end goal of making Humans a multi planetary species. This effort requires significant funding resources, which has led to the pursuit of business opportunities beyond the launch market where SpaceX currently does the majority of its business. By providing global internet coverage, SpaceX stands to make a profit of $15 Billion by 2025, proving the funding necessary to further the company's long term goals. The FCC has approved the proposal to deploy 4,425 satellites into 83 different low earth orbital planes. It is stipulated in this approval is that 50% of the constellation must be deployed within 6 years, with the remaining deployed within 9 years. These deployment timelines imposed by the FCC are critical to the success of the full constellation. Failure to meet these deadlines could result in the revocation of the operating license, and a loss of all investments made in the development, production and deployment of the constellation. The objective of this project is to launch and successfully deploy the prototype satellites into orbit. The project team headed by the Project Manager has prepared a baseline schedule and budget for the project. The project start date is Monday, January 1st, 2018 and takes 109 working days to finish. Any delay in the baseline schedule results in the extension of the extended project. This affects the regulatory compliance, revenues, competitive advantage and reputation of the firm. Thus, it is a mission and time-critical project which needs constant monitoring and evaluation. Close

• 304. [Article] Diamond Nanoprobe Tips Demonstrate Succcess in Nanomanufacturing

  Nano manufacturing changed the way things are and opened new resolutions to long lasting issues. However, in Nano world of Fabrication, there are several problems since the start of working at the Nano ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Diamond Nanoprobe Tips Demonstrate Succcess in Nanomanufacturing Author: Alharbi, Mousa R. Year: 2011 Nano manufacturing changed the way things are and opened new resolutions to long lasting issues. However, in Nano world of Fabrication, there are several problems since the start of working at the Nano scale such as accuracy and reproducibility. These problems limited the expansion of MEMS/NEMS applications (1). Therefore, most MEMS/NEMS devices currently under development are mainly based on silicon because of the available surface machining technology adapted from the silicon-­‐based microelectronics and microcircuits batch fabrication technology. However, due to the relatively poor mechanical and tribological properties of silicon, it limited its application to only areas simple devices involving bending and flexural motion such as cantilever beams, vibration sensors, accelerometers (3). Moreover, probes applications such as sensing, multiple probing, arraying and actuations have been also limited due to the short lifetime of probes due to the repetitive mechanical failure in operation and handling, pickup of sample material and particles from the samples, and wear (2). Other attractive futuristic applications might be those involving more mechanical rolling or sliding operating environments and more complex shaped components such as gears, wheels, micromotors and geartrains requiring high mechanical and tribological properties, and the reliable performance in such environments. Methods of lubrications as in the macro machines and gears are not considered viable due to minute scale and difficulties of maintenance (1). The problem being investigated is regarding the materials of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) probe tips having minimal durability and low wear and friction resistance subjecting them to experience wear, flattening and fouling, or picking up the substrate materials at severe environment. Nano-­‐scale wear have been considered to be the main limiting factor for conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes and other nanolithography probes that results in decreased resolution, accuracy, and reproducibility in probe-­‐ based imaging, writing, imprinting measuring, nanofabrication and nanomanufacturing applications (4) Diamond is considered the solution to the above addressed problems for its high mechanical strength, incomparable chemical inertness, and great thermal stability. For instance, the brittle fracture strength of diamond is 23 times that of Si, and the wear resistance is 1000 times higher than that of Si (1) Furthermore, earlier trials of using diamond were not practical since diamond grain size is large and hard to fabricate (1). Other methods of using relatively small grain size diamond such as diamond films and diamond-­‐like coatings were considered impractical due to the low bonding energy because of the columnar inter-­‐granular formation and high surface roughness (1). Also, the other disadvantage of this technique is the additional thickness it adds to the initial tip radius of the probes (10–20 nm) (2) Moreover, other attempts of using boron-­‐doped diamond layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) showed the feasibility of employing conductive diamond in probe manufacturing, but found not suitable for integration such that cantilevers had adhesion and stiction phenomena (2). On contrary, UNCD is the ideal probe material due to its unparalleled hardness and stiffness, its low friction and wear, and its chemical inertness. However, the nanomanufacturing of such probe tips dimensions, shape consistency and reproducibility has not been previously achieved (5). Title: Diamond Nanoprobe Tips Demonstrate Succcess in Nanomanufacturing Author: Alharbi, Mousa R. Year: 2011 Nano manufacturing changed the way things are and opened new resolutions to long lasting issues. However, in Nano world of Fabrication, there are several problems since the start of working at the Nano scale such as accuracy and reproducibility. These problems limited the expansion of MEMS/NEMS applications (1). Therefore, most MEMS/NEMS devices currently under development are mainly based on silicon because of the available surface machining technology adapted from the silicon-­‐based microelectronics and microcircuits batch fabrication technology. However, due to the relatively poor mechanical and tribological properties of silicon, it limited its application to only areas simple devices involving bending and flexural motion such as cantilever beams, vibration sensors, accelerometers (3). Moreover, probes applications such as sensing, multiple probing, arraying and actuations have been also limited due to the short lifetime of probes due to the repetitive mechanical failure in operation and handling, pickup of sample material and particles from the samples, and wear (2). Other attractive futuristic applications might be those involving more mechanical rolling or sliding operating environments and more complex shaped components such as gears, wheels, micromotors and geartrains requiring high mechanical and tribological properties, and the reliable performance in such environments. Methods of lubrications as in the macro machines and gears are not considered viable due to minute scale and difficulties of maintenance (1). The problem being investigated is regarding the materials of the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) probe tips having minimal durability and low wear and friction resistance subjecting them to experience wear, flattening and fouling, or picking up the substrate materials at severe environment. Nano-­‐scale wear have been considered to be the main limiting factor for conventional atomic force microscopy (AFM) probes and other nanolithography probes that results in decreased resolution, accuracy, and reproducibility in probe-­‐ based imaging, writing, imprinting measuring, nanofabrication and nanomanufacturing applications (4) Diamond is considered the solution to the above addressed problems for its high mechanical strength, incomparable chemical inertness, and great thermal stability. For instance, the brittle fracture strength of diamond is 23 times that of Si, and the wear resistance is 1000 times higher than that of Si (1) Furthermore, earlier trials of using diamond were not practical since diamond grain size is large and hard to fabricate (1). Other methods of using relatively small grain size diamond such as diamond films and diamond-­‐like coatings were considered impractical due to the low bonding energy because of the columnar inter-­‐granular formation and high surface roughness (1). Also, the other disadvantage of this technique is the additional thickness it adds to the initial tip radius of the probes (10–20 nm) (2) Moreover, other attempts of using boron-­‐doped diamond layers grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) showed the feasibility of employing conductive diamond in probe manufacturing, but found not suitable for integration such that cantilevers had adhesion and stiction phenomena (2). On contrary, UNCD is the ideal probe material due to its unparalleled hardness and stiffness, its low friction and wear, and its chemical inertness. However, the nanomanufacturing of such probe tips dimensions, shape consistency and reproducibility has not been previously achieved (5). Close

• 305. [Article] Surfboard Industry Forecast

  Surfboard design has always been a very personal thing. Shapers tend to be surfers themselves, and board design is as much an engineering feat as it is a love for surfing. Professional surfers work closely ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Surfboard Industry Forecast Author: Bidasaria, Ritu, Gilliland, Garrett, Zehr, Wilson, Saatchi, Bahareh Year: 2013 Surfboard design has always been a very personal thing. Shapers tend to be surfers themselves, and board design is as much an engineering feat as it is a love for surfing. Professional surfers work closely with shapers, as each surfer rides waves differently, and they know better than anyone how their surfboard needs to perform. The design process of a surfboard has always been a case of trial and error. A template is designed, and then experimented with in the water, then feedback is considered and alterations are made accordingly [1]. From surfboards carved from trees, weighing 100 pounds, and having the maneuverability of a log, the history of the surfboard has shown a great evolution in surfboard design and manufacturing [2]. There are many theories behind the practice of surfboard design. The surfboard has seen multiple generations of design enhancements since the movement started gathering momentum in the 1950's. However, new innovation peaked in the 1960’s and continues to evolve at a much slower pace. In fact, the industry has seen the return of balsa wood, long boards, and traditional shapes – a retro revival of sorts. The design of a surfboard still remains a fusion of ideas and instincts shared by the surfer and his or her shaper [3]. The surfboard design process begins with identifying the desires, needs, or goals of the surfer and his/her environment; identifying the variables (dimensions, rockers, bottom contours, deck contours, foils, templates, rails, fins, and more) in a specific technology (surfboard shaping and construction); hypothesizing arrangements of these variables (6' 2" x 18 1/2" x 2 3/8", squash single to double concave, soft crown deck, moderate foil, soft thin round rail) through intuition and reasoning; testing the results of these arrangements (surfing and observation); and bringing new hypothesis into the process based on these tests and any new ideas that may develop. Surfboards may be grouped into several primary classes: Short boards, Specialty Short boards, Big Wave Guns, Hybrids, and Long boards [3]. This paper will explore the history and evolution of the surfboard, the composition and primary decision elements used in surfboard design, the major technology enhancements and branches of evolution, and provide a foundation that can be used to predict future technological enhancements in the surfboard industry. Title: Surfboard Industry Forecast Author: Bidasaria, Ritu, Gilliland, Garrett, Zehr, Wilson, Saatchi, Bahareh Year: 2013 Surfboard design has always been a very personal thing. Shapers tend to be surfers themselves, and board design is as much an engineering feat as it is a love for surfing. Professional surfers work closely with shapers, as each surfer rides waves differently, and they know better than anyone how their surfboard needs to perform. The design process of a surfboard has always been a case of trial and error. A template is designed, and then experimented with in the water, then feedback is considered and alterations are made accordingly [1]. From surfboards carved from trees, weighing 100 pounds, and having the maneuverability of a log, the history of the surfboard has shown a great evolution in surfboard design and manufacturing [2]. There are many theories behind the practice of surfboard design. The surfboard has seen multiple generations of design enhancements since the movement started gathering momentum in the 1950's. However, new innovation peaked in the 1960’s and continues to evolve at a much slower pace. In fact, the industry has seen the return of balsa wood, long boards, and traditional shapes – a retro revival of sorts. The design of a surfboard still remains a fusion of ideas and instincts shared by the surfer and his or her shaper [3]. The surfboard design process begins with identifying the desires, needs, or goals of the surfer and his/her environment; identifying the variables (dimensions, rockers, bottom contours, deck contours, foils, templates, rails, fins, and more) in a specific technology (surfboard shaping and construction); hypothesizing arrangements of these variables (6' 2" x 18 1/2" x 2 3/8", squash single to double concave, soft crown deck, moderate foil, soft thin round rail) through intuition and reasoning; testing the results of these arrangements (surfing and observation); and bringing new hypothesis into the process based on these tests and any new ideas that may develop. Surfboards may be grouped into several primary classes: Short boards, Specialty Short boards, Big Wave Guns, Hybrids, and Long boards [3]. This paper will explore the history and evolution of the surfboard, the composition and primary decision elements used in surfboard design, the major technology enhancements and branches of evolution, and provide a foundation that can be used to predict future technological enhancements in the surfboard industry. Close

• 306. [Article] Comparative Analysis of Project Management and Decision Making Structures of Two Mega-Projects

  The purpose of this paper is to comparatively analyze the project management and decision making (Governance) structures of two megaprojects. Building on this analysis we present findings regarding the ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Comparative Analysis of Project Management and Decision Making Structures of Two Mega-Projects Author: Bobek, Adam, Combs, Trevor, Torres, Thomas Year: 2011 The purpose of this paper is to comparatively analyze the project management and decision making (Governance) structures of two megaprojects. Building on this analysis we present findings regarding the future Project Management and Governance Structure for the Columbia River Crossing (CRC) Project as it proceeds through the remaining project phases. This report was completed as a Graduate Class Exercise in the EMGT 545 “Project Management” class at Portland State University during the Winter 2011 term. This intent of this report is to apply concepts and techniques learned in class to a real life application in order to demonstrate a working knowledge of the information learned in class. An in depth literature review was utilized as the primary research methodology for the report. The team also attended a public outreach meeting for the CRC project where additional information was gathered and multiple contacts were made. These contacts were able to provide helpful supplemental details and insight into the project. The paper begins by describing the general nature of megaprojects, their lifecycles, and the unique aspects to a megaproject. A mega project is different from other projects in that it is primarily funded with taxpayer’s money and must satisfy the affected community by reflecting their values, goals and objectives. The literature review of megaprojects focused on the CRC project and the Woodrow Wilson Bridge (WWB) project. The Woodrow Wilson Bridge project is another bi-state river crossing project that has similar characteristics to the CRC project and was used as an analogous project for the comparative analysis. The comparative analysis focused on some of the main criteria for any project: schedule, cost, and performance. The analysis shows the effect that the project organizational structure had on these criteria. In general, the project management and decision making structure of the CRC project was complex and convoluted. This caused confusion in the planning process, critical decisions to be delayed, costs to increase, and the LPA rejected soon after its adoption. The WWB project management structure, however, was much more organized, had a distinct top-down approach, and the roles of the parties involved were more clearly defined. This allowed the WWB project to stay on schedule and within budget throughout the different phases of the project. Finally, the paper concludes the analysis with findings regarding the nature of the existing Project Management and Governance Structure of the CRC project. A responsibility matrix is developed to identify gaps and opportunities in the future structures. From theses gaps and opportunities, a modified Project Management and Governance Structure is conceptualized to guide the project through the Construction Phase. Title: Comparative Analysis of Project Management and Decision Making Structures of Two Mega-Projects Author: Bobek, Adam, Combs, Trevor, Torres, Thomas Year: 2011 The purpose of this paper is to comparatively analyze the project management and decision making (Governance) structures of two megaprojects. Building on this analysis we present findings regarding the future Project Management and Governance Structure for the Columbia River Crossing (CRC) Project as it proceeds through the remaining project phases. This report was completed as a Graduate Class Exercise in the EMGT 545 “Project Management” class at Portland State University during the Winter 2011 term. This intent of this report is to apply concepts and techniques learned in class to a real life application in order to demonstrate a working knowledge of the information learned in class. An in depth literature review was utilized as the primary research methodology for the report. The team also attended a public outreach meeting for the CRC project where additional information was gathered and multiple contacts were made. These contacts were able to provide helpful supplemental details and insight into the project. The paper begins by describing the general nature of megaprojects, their lifecycles, and the unique aspects to a megaproject. A mega project is different from other projects in that it is primarily funded with taxpayer’s money and must satisfy the affected community by reflecting their values, goals and objectives. The literature review of megaprojects focused on the CRC project and the Woodrow Wilson Bridge (WWB) project. The Woodrow Wilson Bridge project is another bi-state river crossing project that has similar characteristics to the CRC project and was used as an analogous project for the comparative analysis. The comparative analysis focused on some of the main criteria for any project: schedule, cost, and performance. The analysis shows the effect that the project organizational structure had on these criteria. In general, the project management and decision making structure of the CRC project was complex and convoluted. This caused confusion in the planning process, critical decisions to be delayed, costs to increase, and the LPA rejected soon after its adoption. The WWB project management structure, however, was much more organized, had a distinct top-down approach, and the roles of the parties involved were more clearly defined. This allowed the WWB project to stay on schedule and within budget throughout the different phases of the project. Finally, the paper concludes the analysis with findings regarding the nature of the existing Project Management and Governance Structure of the CRC project. A responsibility matrix is developed to identify gaps and opportunities in the future structures. From theses gaps and opportunities, a modified Project Management and Governance Structure is conceptualized to guide the project through the Construction Phase. Close

• 307. [Article] US Policies and Impacts on Stem Cells Advancements under NNI

  Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that has an impact on electronics, computing, data storage, communications, materials and manufacturing, energy, environment, transportation, health and medicine, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: US Policies and Impacts on Stem Cells Advancements under NNI Author: Bali, Akash, Ramesh, Bhavana Year: 2017 Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that has an impact on electronics, computing, data storage, communications, materials and manufacturing, energy, environment, transportation, health and medicine, national security and space exploration. This paper talks about efforts across the United States for reaping the benefits of Nano Technology by commercialization through participation of multinational corporations and government funding and policy making. It is important to understand that nanotechnology is not any one technology or a one-sector technology. Its reach is extremely broad and hence it becomes important to understand the governing and regulatory bodies that form policies for Nano technology. These governing bodies are bureaucratic and hierarchical organization set up by the US government to develop Science and Technology Policy in different areas of Nano technology, to which the nationwide research and commercialization efforts are to be focused. Generally these policies tend to favors the Nation interest to generate revenue by commercialization of new technology and /or find solutions to current societal problem leveraging the innovations in Nano science and Technology. Ways to foster innovations in a new technology is a highly relevant and intricate question in the arena of policymaking. Various studies have shown that technology-push and demand-pull policies induce innovation. However, there another phenomenon that affect the science and technology policy making and finding solutions to societal problems. Technology push-pull are basically market driven strategy approach to create significant country-level innovation spillovers, which could drive national policymakers to engage in domestic market creation for e.g. creating smaller and faster I.C chips and memory drives. This could also be in align with Government’s vision to emerge as world’s super power in global innovation race and attract investors resulting in growth in economy. Policies to solve societal problems could be internal or global and the main mission is to find a sustainable solution to societal problem for e.g. finding cure for cancer using stem cell research. In this paper we evaluate nanotechnology research topics that align with stem cell research and create a roadmap for technology research for next 40 years. We discuss nanotechnology, nanotechnology drivers, federal governing agencies of USA that defines policies and market pull for nanotechnologies. We also have attempted to analyses one societal problem that might be answered by nanotechnology technology. We have chosen Stem cell based health improvement as our research topic to evaluate and design roadmap. The roadmap we have created is designed to embed policy and market implications that effects the technology selection. Also we have tried to align vision, mission and goals of NNI and its collaborating agency NIH to bridge the gap in interests that 2 NNI and NIH. We try to conclude that a good scientific and technology policy is required to provide a nurturing ambience, which acts as an incubator to nurture innovations in Nano technology. Title: US Policies and Impacts on Stem Cells Advancements under NNI Author: Bali, Akash, Ramesh, Bhavana Year: 2017 Nanotechnology is an enabling technology that has an impact on electronics, computing, data storage, communications, materials and manufacturing, energy, environment, transportation, health and medicine, national security and space exploration. This paper talks about efforts across the United States for reaping the benefits of Nano Technology by commercialization through participation of multinational corporations and government funding and policy making. It is important to understand that nanotechnology is not any one technology or a one-sector technology. Its reach is extremely broad and hence it becomes important to understand the governing and regulatory bodies that form policies for Nano technology. These governing bodies are bureaucratic and hierarchical organization set up by the US government to develop Science and Technology Policy in different areas of Nano technology, to which the nationwide research and commercialization efforts are to be focused. Generally these policies tend to favors the Nation interest to generate revenue by commercialization of new technology and /or find solutions to current societal problem leveraging the innovations in Nano science and Technology. Ways to foster innovations in a new technology is a highly relevant and intricate question in the arena of policymaking. Various studies have shown that technology-push and demand-pull policies induce innovation. However, there another phenomenon that affect the science and technology policy making and finding solutions to societal problems. Technology push-pull are basically market driven strategy approach to create significant country-level innovation spillovers, which could drive national policymakers to engage in domestic market creation for e.g. creating smaller and faster I.C chips and memory drives. This could also be in align with Government’s vision to emerge as world’s super power in global innovation race and attract investors resulting in growth in economy. Policies to solve societal problems could be internal or global and the main mission is to find a sustainable solution to societal problem for e.g. finding cure for cancer using stem cell research. In this paper we evaluate nanotechnology research topics that align with stem cell research and create a roadmap for technology research for next 40 years. We discuss nanotechnology, nanotechnology drivers, federal governing agencies of USA that defines policies and market pull for nanotechnologies. We also have attempted to analyses one societal problem that might be answered by nanotechnology technology. We have chosen Stem cell based health improvement as our research topic to evaluate and design roadmap. The roadmap we have created is designed to embed policy and market implications that effects the technology selection. Also we have tried to align vision, mission and goals of NNI and its collaborating agency NIH to bridge the gap in interests that 2 NNI and NIH. We try to conclude that a good scientific and technology policy is required to provide a nurturing ambience, which acts as an incubator to nurture innovations in Nano technology. Close

• 308. [Article] Motion Cookies - Preliminary Marketing Plan

  Mother and Cookies from Sen.se is one of the newly launched IoT (Internet of Things) products to the family consumers in the market place last year. It provides a motionsensor- based technological ecosystem ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Motion Cookies - Preliminary Marketing Plan Author: Zhang, Pei, Kar, Swati, Calderwood, Timothy, Chintala, Pratheek, Paneerselvam, Sridharkumar Year: 2015 Mother and Cookies from Sen.se is one of the newly launched IoT (Internet of Things) products to the family consumers in the market place last year. It provides a motionsensor- based technological ecosystem which could monitor and manage daily activities of those who most need it easily -- the elder people in Home Care. From a marketing research, the in home elder care is raising as one of the hottest topics of the healthcare field, especially for the people who may not really be able to accompany with their elder parents in the home who may need some slide in home caring. The current solutions by install the regular home security system and using the caring personals would cost around $3,200 per month which could be a big budget for the housekeeping expends. There would be a need for an easy-setup, cheap, sensitive, reliable, user-friendly, live data, and mobile connected solution for the in home elder caring. As the population data of elder people in U.S. from the last five years, there is an expected growth rate of 3% per year. Even if only 1% of the elder people would need to use our product for the in home caring, the market size will be expected to around 230,000 units around the States at the year of 2020, which would bring an expected profit around $28.7 million within 5 years until 2020. There would still be a product development period for our in home elder care application packages before launch this whole product into the market place, which would take 6 months. We will work on integrating the hardware and mobile application in the elder care package for our consumers, for both major mobile systems (IOS and Android). There would be two major profit streams of our business plan for the elder care solution: The first profit stream is from the selling profit of the Mother and Cookies product follows their posted prices with our hardware package plans; the second profit stream would from the subscriptions on the mobile applications. From our marketing research, as many as 12 cookies with 1 mother would be fully functional for the in home caring purpose. Since the IoT products is in an extremely growing demand from the technology market places, the in home elder care system that with Mother and Cookies could become really profitable. This technology also be interested to the young people, which could help them to get the live data of their in-home loved ones anytime, to know their status easily than before. Title: Motion Cookies - Preliminary Marketing Plan Author: Zhang, Pei, Kar, Swati, Calderwood, Timothy, Chintala, Pratheek, Paneerselvam, Sridharkumar Year: 2015 Mother and Cookies from Sen.se is one of the newly launched IoT (Internet of Things) products to the family consumers in the market place last year. It provides a motionsensor- based technological ecosystem which could monitor and manage daily activities of those who most need it easily -- the elder people in Home Care. From a marketing research, the in home elder care is raising as one of the hottest topics of the healthcare field, especially for the people who may not really be able to accompany with their elder parents in the home who may need some slide in home caring. The current solutions by install the regular home security system and using the caring personals would cost around $3,200 per month which could be a big budget for the housekeeping expends. There would be a need for an easy-setup, cheap, sensitive, reliable, user-friendly, live data, and mobile connected solution for the in home elder caring. As the population data of elder people in U.S. from the last five years, there is an expected growth rate of 3% per year. Even if only 1% of the elder people would need to use our product for the in home caring, the market size will be expected to around 230,000 units around the States at the year of 2020, which would bring an expected profit around $28.7 million within 5 years until 2020. There would still be a product development period for our in home elder care application packages before launch this whole product into the market place, which would take 6 months. We will work on integrating the hardware and mobile application in the elder care package for our consumers, for both major mobile systems (IOS and Android). There would be two major profit streams of our business plan for the elder care solution: The first profit stream is from the selling profit of the Mother and Cookies product follows their posted prices with our hardware package plans; the second profit stream would from the subscriptions on the mobile applications. From our marketing research, as many as 12 cookies with 1 mother would be fully functional for the in home caring purpose. Since the IoT products is in an extremely growing demand from the technology market places, the in home elder care system that with Mother and Cookies could become really profitable. This technology also be interested to the young people, which could help them to get the live data of their in-home loved ones anytime, to know their status easily than before. Close

• 309. [Article] Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Adoption

  As time goes by, the idea of having unlimited energy resources becomes less and less feasible. The population of our world and the rate of consumption of resources increase each year. The future has us ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Adoption Author: Amini, Mitra, Singla, Puniti, Lui, Jonathan, Kensel, Craig, Lethlean, Joseph Year: 2012 As time goes by, the idea of having unlimited energy resources becomes less and less feasible. The population of our world and the rate of consumption of resources increase each year. The future has us looking at alternative energy sources that will drive the need for better methods of extraction of natural energy’s like wind, water, solar, geothermal heat, and other various types of natural resources. There is a need to focus on developing more energy efficiency of current products to lessen the demand on current energy sources. Primarily powered by electricity, one of the areas to focus on energy efficiency is the heat pump water heater (HPWH). In the Northwest states (Washington, Montana, Oregon, Idaho) about sixty to sixty five percent of households use electricity as the primary source of power. Heating water can consume anywhere from fifteen to twenty five percent of the home total energy consumption. The engineering behind the HPWH doesn’t generate its own heat while running. Rather the HPWH uses the ambient air surrounding the water heater and functions in revers of a refrigeration or air conditioning system. According to Energy star: “HPWH takes the heat from surrounding air and transfers it to water in an enclosed tank. A low-pressure liquid refrigerant is vaporized in the heat pump's evaporator and passed into the compressor. As the pressure of the refrigerant increases, so does its temperature. The heated refrigerant runs through a condenser coil within the storage tank, transferring heat to the water stored there. As the refrigerant delivers its heat to the water, it cools and condenses, and then passes through an expansion valve where the pressure is reduced and the cycle starts over.” Research Question: Why has the HPWH had such a slow or low adoption rate in society? Research Objective: There are factors and sub factors that are affecting the adoption of the Heat Pump Water Heater. The factors we have identified are economic, politic, social, technical and environmental. The sub-factors (elements) will be constructed at a later time and into the HDM model to find the causes that affect the adoption of heat pump water heater. Title: Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH) Adoption Author: Amini, Mitra, Singla, Puniti, Lui, Jonathan, Kensel, Craig, Lethlean, Joseph Year: 2012 As time goes by, the idea of having unlimited energy resources becomes less and less feasible. The population of our world and the rate of consumption of resources increase each year. The future has us looking at alternative energy sources that will drive the need for better methods of extraction of natural energy’s like wind, water, solar, geothermal heat, and other various types of natural resources. There is a need to focus on developing more energy efficiency of current products to lessen the demand on current energy sources. Primarily powered by electricity, one of the areas to focus on energy efficiency is the heat pump water heater (HPWH). In the Northwest states (Washington, Montana, Oregon, Idaho) about sixty to sixty five percent of households use electricity as the primary source of power. Heating water can consume anywhere from fifteen to twenty five percent of the home total energy consumption. The engineering behind the HPWH doesn’t generate its own heat while running. Rather the HPWH uses the ambient air surrounding the water heater and functions in revers of a refrigeration or air conditioning system. According to Energy star: “HPWH takes the heat from surrounding air and transfers it to water in an enclosed tank. A low-pressure liquid refrigerant is vaporized in the heat pump's evaporator and passed into the compressor. As the pressure of the refrigerant increases, so does its temperature. The heated refrigerant runs through a condenser coil within the storage tank, transferring heat to the water stored there. As the refrigerant delivers its heat to the water, it cools and condenses, and then passes through an expansion valve where the pressure is reduced and the cycle starts over.” Research Question: Why has the HPWH had such a slow or low adoption rate in society? Research Objective: There are factors and sub factors that are affecting the adoption of the Heat Pump Water Heater. The factors we have identified are economic, politic, social, technical and environmental. The sub-factors (elements) will be constructed at a later time and into the HDM model to find the causes that affect the adoption of heat pump water heater. Close

• 310. [Article] RollTop Marketing Plan

  Today’s consumers are exposed to a wide range of electronic gadgets, mainly laptops and tablets, each one addressing part of the users’ needs such as portability, performance, and application accessibility, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: RollTop Marketing Plan Author: Hogaboam, Liliya, Cho, Yonghee, Natarajan, Rupha, Sater, Abrahim, Ju, Jiali, Provenzola, Jeremy Year: 2012 Today’s consumers are exposed to a wide range of electronic gadgets, mainly laptops and tablets, each one addressing part of the users’ needs such as portability, performance, and application accessibility, to name a few. The current fast pace, “on the move” life style is forcing the consumers to demand a full solution ready at their fingertips all the times. Possessing, carrying, and using two devices at once is not practical and is causing an inconvenient problem to a generation that is ready to own every single electronic gadget out there. Also, the trend of environmentally concerned people has been increasing year after year, as well as the consumer demand for green (recyclable and very efficient) products. A good point to keep in mind is that the manufacturers acknowledge the consumers’ partnership in innovation and they are giving it a great deal of consideration. At Samsung, being part of the current generation, we captured those concerns and developed the concept for the Rolltop. The solution is a Laptop/Tablet/Standalone screen, 3 in 1 product that satisfies the versatility of the “on the move” customer needs and ‘I need this gadget too’ desires. A fully recyclable, more efficient in terms of power consumption, and flexible OLED/LEC (organic light-emitting diode/electrochemical-cell) display combined with the latest computing power and other ergonomic/mechanic features will cover all our consumer concerns, strengthen Samsung’s position in the driver seat and most importantly, put the environmental efforts in consumer electronics on the right track. The Rolltop is the essential companion for the users, who through their turbulent lives, need an inherent keyboard to work on spreadsheets and other documents (as a 13-inch laptop), and a large multi-touch (17-inch tablet) screen and a stylus for design. Finally, the bonus 17” standalone display with its vibrant colors is there for movies time. The Rolltop will be equipped with an Intel Core i7 processor, a Windows 8 operating system, a 500GB or SSD storage of up to 128GB, the Wi-Fi, WiMax and Bluetooth options along with the latest Thunderbolt technology. The approximate 3 pounds device will be available for a suggested $1,215. Note: The Marketing Log appendix is included here as a supplemental file. Title: RollTop Marketing Plan Author: Hogaboam, Liliya, Cho, Yonghee, Natarajan, Rupha, Sater, Abrahim, Ju, Jiali, Provenzola, Jeremy Year: 2012 Today’s consumers are exposed to a wide range of electronic gadgets, mainly laptops and tablets, each one addressing part of the users’ needs such as portability, performance, and application accessibility, to name a few. The current fast pace, “on the move” life style is forcing the consumers to demand a full solution ready at their fingertips all the times. Possessing, carrying, and using two devices at once is not practical and is causing an inconvenient problem to a generation that is ready to own every single electronic gadget out there. Also, the trend of environmentally concerned people has been increasing year after year, as well as the consumer demand for green (recyclable and very efficient) products. A good point to keep in mind is that the manufacturers acknowledge the consumers’ partnership in innovation and they are giving it a great deal of consideration. At Samsung, being part of the current generation, we captured those concerns and developed the concept for the Rolltop. The solution is a Laptop/Tablet/Standalone screen, 3 in 1 product that satisfies the versatility of the “on the move” customer needs and ‘I need this gadget too’ desires. A fully recyclable, more efficient in terms of power consumption, and flexible OLED/LEC (organic light-emitting diode/electrochemical-cell) display combined with the latest computing power and other ergonomic/mechanic features will cover all our consumer concerns, strengthen Samsung’s position in the driver seat and most importantly, put the environmental efforts in consumer electronics on the right track. The Rolltop is the essential companion for the users, who through their turbulent lives, need an inherent keyboard to work on spreadsheets and other documents (as a 13-inch laptop), and a large multi-touch (17-inch tablet) screen and a stylus for design. Finally, the bonus 17” standalone display with its vibrant colors is there for movies time. The Rolltop will be equipped with an Intel Core i7 processor, a Windows 8 operating system, a 500GB or SSD storage of up to 128GB, the Wi-Fi, WiMax and Bluetooth options along with the latest Thunderbolt technology. The approximate 3 pounds device will be available for a suggested $1,215. Note: The Marketing Log appendix is included here as a supplemental file. Close