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• 1. [Article] Modeling sage-grouse habitat using a state-and-transition model

  Habitat for wildlife species that depend on sagebrush ecosystems is of great management concern. Evaluating how management activities and climate change may affect the abundance of moderate and high-quality ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Modeling sage-grouse habitat using a state-and-transition model Author: Evers, Louisa Habitat for wildlife species that depend on sagebrush ecosystems is of great management concern. Evaluating how management activities and climate change may affect the abundance of moderate and high-quality habitat necessitates the development of models that examine vegetation dynamics, but modeling tools for rangeland systems are limited. I developed state-and-transition models using a combination of scientific literature and data for climate, soils, and wildfire to examine how different types of natural events, management activities, changing climate, and potential future vegetation dynamics may interact and affect the abundance of habitat for the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Specific periods examined include the era prior to 1850, the current era, and late in the 21st century in southeastern Oregon. A primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of climate data to define most event probabilities and, subsequently, the relative mix of ecological states, community phases, and sage-grouse habitat with an eye towards a modeling approach that was objective, repeatable, and transferrable to other locations. Contrary to expectations, model results of the conditions prior to 1850 indicated fire may not have been the most important disturbance factor influencing sage-grouse habitat abundance, merely the most visible. Other, more subtle disturbances that thinned sagebrush density, such as drought, herbivory, and weather-related mortality, may have been equally or more important in shaping sage-grouse habitat. Sage-grouse breeding habitat may have been slightly more abundant than levels currently recommended by sage-grouse biologists, brood-rearing habitat may have been as or more abundant, but wintering habitat may have been less abundant. Under the current conditions, livestock grazing during severe drought, postfire seeding success, juniper expansion probabilities, and the frequency of vegetation treatments were the most important determinants of sage-grouse habitat abundance. The current vegetation trajectory would lead to considerably less nesting, brood-rearing, and wintering habitat than sage-grouse biologists recommend. Model results suggested reducing or eliminating livestock grazing during severe drought, increasing postfire seeding success, and treating at least 10% of the so-called expansion juniper each year was necessary to maintain higher levels of sage-grouse habitat, although nesting and brood-rearing habitat remained in short supply. I examined three potential future climates based on long-term climate trends in southeastern Oregon and modeled climate and ecosystem projections for the Pacific Northwest generally. The first scenario produced warmer and drier conditions than present, the second scenario warmer and wetter conditions in winter, and the third scenario warmer and wetter conditions in summer. The implications for sage-grouse habitat abundance were very different between these three scenarios, but all would likely result in the loss or near complete loss of cooler, moister sagebrush communities important for nesting and brood-rearing. Salt desert shrub and warmer, drier sagebrush communities could expand under the first scenario but would have a high risk of displacement by cheatgrass. Juniper woodlands could increase in density and salt desert shrub may expand slightly under the second scenario. The remaining sagebrush communities would remain at high risk of displacement by cheatgrass. Pinyon-juniper woodland could largely displace sagebrush in the third scenario. Sage-grouse habitat quality likely would decline in all three scenarios and the abundance decrease significantly in the second and third scenario. Title: Modeling sage-grouse habitat using a state-and-transition model Author: Evers, Louisa Habitat for wildlife species that depend on sagebrush ecosystems is of great management concern. Evaluating how management activities and climate change may affect the abundance of moderate and high-quality habitat necessitates the development of models that examine vegetation dynamics, but modeling tools for rangeland systems are limited. I developed state-and-transition models using a combination of scientific literature and data for climate, soils, and wildfire to examine how different types of natural events, management activities, changing climate, and potential future vegetation dynamics may interact and affect the abundance of habitat for the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Specific periods examined include the era prior to 1850, the current era, and late in the 21st century in southeastern Oregon. A primary purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of climate data to define most event probabilities and, subsequently, the relative mix of ecological states, community phases, and sage-grouse habitat with an eye towards a modeling approach that was objective, repeatable, and transferrable to other locations. Contrary to expectations, model results of the conditions prior to 1850 indicated fire may not have been the most important disturbance factor influencing sage-grouse habitat abundance, merely the most visible. Other, more subtle disturbances that thinned sagebrush density, such as drought, herbivory, and weather-related mortality, may have been equally or more important in shaping sage-grouse habitat. Sage-grouse breeding habitat may have been slightly more abundant than levels currently recommended by sage-grouse biologists, brood-rearing habitat may have been as or more abundant, but wintering habitat may have been less abundant. Under the current conditions, livestock grazing during severe drought, postfire seeding success, juniper expansion probabilities, and the frequency of vegetation treatments were the most important determinants of sage-grouse habitat abundance. The current vegetation trajectory would lead to considerably less nesting, brood-rearing, and wintering habitat than sage-grouse biologists recommend. Model results suggested reducing or eliminating livestock grazing during severe drought, increasing postfire seeding success, and treating at least 10% of the so-called expansion juniper each year was necessary to maintain higher levels of sage-grouse habitat, although nesting and brood-rearing habitat remained in short supply. I examined three potential future climates based on long-term climate trends in southeastern Oregon and modeled climate and ecosystem projections for the Pacific Northwest generally. The first scenario produced warmer and drier conditions than present, the second scenario warmer and wetter conditions in winter, and the third scenario warmer and wetter conditions in summer. The implications for sage-grouse habitat abundance were very different between these three scenarios, but all would likely result in the loss or near complete loss of cooler, moister sagebrush communities important for nesting and brood-rearing. Salt desert shrub and warmer, drier sagebrush communities could expand under the first scenario but would have a high risk of displacement by cheatgrass. Juniper woodlands could increase in density and salt desert shrub may expand slightly under the second scenario. The remaining sagebrush communities would remain at high risk of displacement by cheatgrass. Pinyon-juniper woodland could largely displace sagebrush in the third scenario. Sage-grouse habitat quality likely would decline in all three scenarios and the abundance decrease significantly in the second and third scenario. Close

• 2. [Article] Video on the rocks : use of a video lander platform as a survey tool for a high-relief nearshore temperate rocky reef

  The nearshore waters off the Oregon coast (< 73 meters) are a region of high productivity and economic value, with a variety of habitats that include rock outcrops. Temperate reef habitats are important ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Video on the rocks : use of a video lander platform as a survey tool for a high-relief nearshore temperate rocky reef Author: Easton, Ryan Reid The nearshore waters off the Oregon coast (< 73 meters) are a region of high productivity and economic value, with a variety of habitats that include rock outcrops. Temperate reef habitats are important to many commercially important fishes inhabiting the Pacific coast, including canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) and yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus), which are currently listed as "overfished" by the Pacific Fishery Management Council. Along the Pacific coast of North America, nearshore rocky reefs have been designated as essential fish habitat (EFH), while comprising approximately just seven percent of Oregon's territorial sea. Despite this EFH designation, the use of visual (SCUBA, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), human occupied vehicles (HOVs)) and non-visual (bottom trawl) survey methods within this region has been infrequent and scattered, providing limited information on species-habitat associations and species assemblages within nearshore waters. It is logistically difficult and costly to survey nearshore reefs. The factors that have led to the paucity of surveys include the depth (too deep for SCUBA surveys but too shallow for larger survey vessels), high seas limiting available days for field work, and the high-relief nature of the habitat (precluding the use of bottom trawls). In an effort to better understand species-habitat associations and community structure of Oregon's nearshore reefs, an autonomous underwater drop-camera termed the "video lander" was employed at the Three Arch Rocks reef, a nearshore reef off of Oceanside, Oregon. Video lander footage was used to identify and groundtruth habitat types, as well as species assemblages over two distinct seasons: spring/summer (n=272) and winter (n=108). Many species-habitat associations were statistically significant: yelloweye rockfish (large boulder p<0.0073), canary rockfish (small boulder p<0.0006), kelp greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus) (bedrock outcrop p<0.0162), and quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger) (large boulder p<0.0016). Summer and winter surveys revealed similar habitat associations and distributions for these species. I found no significant difference in species composition between the northern and southern regions of the reef (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index (BCDI) = 71.71, ANOSIM p>0.1447), but a significant difference between spring/summer and winter seasons was identified on the outer section of the reef, due to the presence of spotted ratfish (Hydrolagus colliei) in the winter (BCDI =76.41, ANOSIM p < 0.0155). My study shows that data provided by the video lander can fill existing gaps in our understanding of nearshore distribution and habitat associations of temperate rocky-reef fishes off the Oregon coast. Title: Video on the rocks : use of a video lander platform as a survey tool for a high-relief nearshore temperate rocky reef Author: Easton, Ryan Reid The nearshore waters off the Oregon coast (< 73 meters) are a region of high productivity and economic value, with a variety of habitats that include rock outcrops. Temperate reef habitats are important to many commercially important fishes inhabiting the Pacific coast, including canary rockfish (Sebastes pinniger) and yelloweye rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus), which are currently listed as "overfished" by the Pacific Fishery Management Council. Along the Pacific coast of North America, nearshore rocky reefs have been designated as essential fish habitat (EFH), while comprising approximately just seven percent of Oregon's territorial sea. Despite this EFH designation, the use of visual (SCUBA, remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), human occupied vehicles (HOVs)) and non-visual (bottom trawl) survey methods within this region has been infrequent and scattered, providing limited information on species-habitat associations and species assemblages within nearshore waters. It is logistically difficult and costly to survey nearshore reefs. The factors that have led to the paucity of surveys include the depth (too deep for SCUBA surveys but too shallow for larger survey vessels), high seas limiting available days for field work, and the high-relief nature of the habitat (precluding the use of bottom trawls). In an effort to better understand species-habitat associations and community structure of Oregon's nearshore reefs, an autonomous underwater drop-camera termed the "video lander" was employed at the Three Arch Rocks reef, a nearshore reef off of Oceanside, Oregon. Video lander footage was used to identify and groundtruth habitat types, as well as species assemblages over two distinct seasons: spring/summer (n=272) and winter (n=108). Many species-habitat associations were statistically significant: yelloweye rockfish (large boulder p<0.0073), canary rockfish (small boulder p<0.0006), kelp greenling (Hexagrammos decagrammus) (bedrock outcrop p<0.0162), and quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger) (large boulder p<0.0016). Summer and winter surveys revealed similar habitat associations and distributions for these species. I found no significant difference in species composition between the northern and southern regions of the reef (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity index (BCDI) = 71.71, ANOSIM p>0.1447), but a significant difference between spring/summer and winter seasons was identified on the outer section of the reef, due to the presence of spotted ratfish (Hydrolagus colliei) in the winter (BCDI =76.41, ANOSIM p < 0.0155). My study shows that data provided by the video lander can fill existing gaps in our understanding of nearshore distribution and habitat associations of temperate rocky-reef fishes off the Oregon coast. Close

• 3. [Article] Host and Habitat Index for Phytophthora Species in Oregon: Supplemental Spreadsheet

  Suggested citation: "Hansen, Everett; Reeser, Paul; Sutton, Wendy; Sims, Laura (2014): Host and Habitat Index for Phytophthora Species in Oregon: Supplemental Spreadsheet. OSU Libraries. Dataset. http:...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Host and Habitat Index for Phytophthora Species in Oregon: Supplemental Spreadsheet Author: Hansen, Everett, Reeser, Paul, Sims, Laura, Sutton, Wendy Suggested citation: "Hansen, Everett; Reeser, Paul; Sutton, Wendy; Sims, Laura (2014): Host and Habitat Index for Phytophthora Species in Oregon: Supplemental Spreadsheet. OSU Libraries. Dataset. http://dx.doi.org/10.7267/N99G5JR4" Title: Host and Habitat Index for Phytophthora Species in Oregon: Supplemental Spreadsheet Author: Hansen, Everett, Reeser, Paul, Sims, Laura, Sutton, Wendy Suggested citation: "Hansen, Everett; Reeser, Paul; Sutton, Wendy; Sims, Laura (2014): Host and Habitat Index for Phytophthora Species in Oregon: Supplemental Spreadsheet. OSU Libraries. Dataset. http://dx.doi.org/10.7267/N99G5JR4" Close

• 4. [Article] Greater Sage-Grouse movements and habitat use during winter in central Oregon

  This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Brigham Young University and can be found at: https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/ojs/index.php/wnan.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Greater Sage-Grouse movements and habitat use during winter in central Oregon Author: Miller, Richard F., Bruce, Jennifer R., Petersen, Steven L., Robinson, W. Douglas This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Brigham Young University and can be found at: https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/ojs/index.php/wnan. Title: Greater Sage-Grouse movements and habitat use during winter in central Oregon Author: Miller, Richard F., Bruce, Jennifer R., Petersen, Steven L., Robinson, W. Douglas This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Brigham Young University and can be found at: https://ojs.lib.byu.edu/ojs/index.php/wnan. Close

• 5. [Article] A landowner's guide for restoring and managing Oregon white oak habitats

  Bounding coordinates: West Bounding Coordinate: -124.961735; East Bounding Coordinate: -116.415546; North Bounding Coordinate: 46.344729; South Bounding Coordinate: 41.914842.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A landowner's guide for restoring and managing Oregon white oak habitats Author: Tucker, Gabe, Vesely, David Bounding coordinates: West Bounding Coordinate: -124.961735; East Bounding Coordinate: -116.415546; North Bounding Coordinate: 46.344729; South Bounding Coordinate: 41.914842. Title: A landowner's guide for restoring and managing Oregon white oak habitats Author: Tucker, Gabe, Vesely, David Bounding coordinates: West Bounding Coordinate: -124.961735; East Bounding Coordinate: -116.415546; North Bounding Coordinate: 46.344729; South Bounding Coordinate: 41.914842. Close

• 6. [Article] Analysis of habitat features and abundance of young-of-the-year fishes off of the central Oregon coast

  This project is part of ongoing research, which has been extended to include temporal variation. Dr. Lorenzo Ciannelli has also been brought onto this project as of Fall 2015.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Analysis of habitat features and abundance of young-of-the-year fishes off of the central Oregon coast Author: Brodeur, Richard, Yergey, Matthew, Wakefield, W. Waldo, Haven, Katlyn This project is part of ongoing research, which has been extended to include temporal variation. Dr. Lorenzo Ciannelli has also been brought onto this project as of Fall 2015. Title: Analysis of habitat features and abundance of young-of-the-year fishes off of the central Oregon coast Author: Brodeur, Richard, Yergey, Matthew, Wakefield, W. Waldo, Haven, Katlyn This project is part of ongoing research, which has been extended to include temporal variation. Dr. Lorenzo Ciannelli has also been brought onto this project as of Fall 2015. Close

• 7. [Article] Urban and rural-residential land uses : their role in watershed health and the rehabilitation of Oregon's wild salmonids

  This report was prepared by the Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Urban and rural-residential land uses : their role in watershed health and the rehabilitation of Oregon's wild salmonids Author: Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team This report was prepared by the Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. Title: Urban and rural-residential land uses : their role in watershed health and the rehabilitation of Oregon's wild salmonids Author: Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team This report was prepared by the Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team of the Oregon Plan for Salmon and Watersheds. Close

• 8. [Article] Young-of-the-year rockfish (Sebastes spp.) settlement dynamics in Oregon estuaries

  In the Pacific Northwest, several species of rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are under extreme conservation measures due to low population levels. Although currently at healthy population levels, one species ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Young-of-the-year rockfish (Sebastes spp.) settlement dynamics in Oregon estuaries Author: Dauble, Alison D. In the Pacific Northwest, several species of rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are under extreme conservation measures due to low population levels. Although currently at healthy population levels, one species of interest is the black rockfish (S. melanops), which has been shown to utilize estuarine habitat during its early life history stages. Black rockfish constitute a large portion of the recreational harvest in the Pacific Northwest, and are also a commercially fished species along the majority of the west coast. Annual recruitment in rockfishes has been shown to be extremely variable, and a better understanding of the factors behind successful recruitment and the subsequent settlement process would assist in prioritizing management and conservation efforts for this and other species. The overall goal of my study was to investigate the role that natural and anthropogenic influences play in the estuarine settlement dynamics of northeast Pacific rockfishes, using black rockfish as the primary study species. Genetic identifications confirmed that the majority of the young-of-the-year (YOY) rockfish captured during this study were S. melanops, with small numbers of S. caurinus and S. emphaeus present as well. Results from trapping surveys indicated that YOY black rockfish utilize multiple estuaries on the Oregon coast from spring through late fall, and may be present in highly developed estuaries through their first winter before moving to deeper habitats, as shown by late season increases in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUEs) and the capture of multiple age-1 juveniles in the estuary. Catches were higher in the more developed estuaries on the coast, suggesting that the presence of structure is an extremely important component to the settlement process in this species and that the continued development of Oregon estuaries may not adversely affect YOY rockfish settlement. Two years of dive surveys on a standardized set of artificial reef structures in Yaquina Bay showed that a settlement index of YOY rockfish within the estuary could reflect larger trends in the YOY population and suggest that habitat saturation is not a factor that affects the settlement process of YOY rockfish in estuaries. This study provides strong evidence of widespread use of estuarine habitat on the Oregon coast by black rockfish during their first year of life, and provides additional support that structure is an important component to the settlement process, and has set the groundwork for investigating inter-annual variation in the estuarine settlement of rockfish. Title: Young-of-the-year rockfish (Sebastes spp.) settlement dynamics in Oregon estuaries Author: Dauble, Alison D. In the Pacific Northwest, several species of rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are under extreme conservation measures due to low population levels. Although currently at healthy population levels, one species of interest is the black rockfish (S. melanops), which has been shown to utilize estuarine habitat during its early life history stages. Black rockfish constitute a large portion of the recreational harvest in the Pacific Northwest, and are also a commercially fished species along the majority of the west coast. Annual recruitment in rockfishes has been shown to be extremely variable, and a better understanding of the factors behind successful recruitment and the subsequent settlement process would assist in prioritizing management and conservation efforts for this and other species. The overall goal of my study was to investigate the role that natural and anthropogenic influences play in the estuarine settlement dynamics of northeast Pacific rockfishes, using black rockfish as the primary study species. Genetic identifications confirmed that the majority of the young-of-the-year (YOY) rockfish captured during this study were S. melanops, with small numbers of S. caurinus and S. emphaeus present as well. Results from trapping surveys indicated that YOY black rockfish utilize multiple estuaries on the Oregon coast from spring through late fall, and may be present in highly developed estuaries through their first winter before moving to deeper habitats, as shown by late season increases in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUEs) and the capture of multiple age-1 juveniles in the estuary. Catches were higher in the more developed estuaries on the coast, suggesting that the presence of structure is an extremely important component to the settlement process in this species and that the continued development of Oregon estuaries may not adversely affect YOY rockfish settlement. Two years of dive surveys on a standardized set of artificial reef structures in Yaquina Bay showed that a settlement index of YOY rockfish within the estuary could reflect larger trends in the YOY population and suggest that habitat saturation is not a factor that affects the settlement process of YOY rockfish in estuaries. This study provides strong evidence of widespread use of estuarine habitat on the Oregon coast by black rockfish during their first year of life, and provides additional support that structure is an important component to the settlement process, and has set the groundwork for investigating inter-annual variation in the estuarine settlement of rockfish. Close

• 9. [Article] The effects of alternative future development scenarios on ecological processes and social-ecological resilience in Central Oregon

  This research sought to explore the implications of different tenure regimes for both landscape-level ecological processes and the overall resilience of a social-ecological system in Central Oregon. The ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The effects of alternative future development scenarios on ecological processes and social-ecological resilience in Central Oregon Author: Duncan, James A. This research sought to explore the implications of different tenure regimes for both landscape-level ecological processes and the overall resilience of a social-ecological system in Central Oregon. The purchase by an investor of former industrial timberlands known as the Bull Springs tract raised the specter of dispersed residential development on the periphery of Bend, Oregon, leading to legislation redefining tenure in the region. This research examined how different forms of tenure on the tract would affect landscapelevel ecological processes and how the enacted tenure redefinition might affect the resilience of the social-ecological system to future perturbations. Data simulating the future vegetation conditions under two tenure scenarios on the Bull Springs – dispersed residential development and working forest management – were used to map habitat for three species representing different ecosystem services. Landscape pattern metrics were used to compare the simulated differences in spatial patterns of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) habitat, American marten (Martes americana) habitat and old-growth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) woodlands. The results were then interpreted using a social-ecological systems framework describing linkages between tenure and ecological processes. Results from the simulation modeling showed multifunctional habitat patches for mule deer became more isolated and smaller when the Bull Springs was developed, and development of the tract led to greater average isolation of habitat patches, lowered extensiveness across the landscape and a reduction of most measures of total habitat area for both mule deer and American marten. Ponderosa pine woodlands grew substantially in quantity under both scenarios, but the development of the Bull Springs removed a large swath from the middle of the ponderosa pine belt, interrupted north-south connectivity and reduced the extent of potential ponderosa pine woodland conditions. Development projected to occur outside the Bull Springs largely determined the cumulative impacts of both scenarios, but working forest management would be an improvement over development for most metrics for the three species. With respect to resilience, the legislative tenure redefinition would change the linkages between communities in the region and the ecosystem services of value, and these linkages could vary in strength and in the scale of applicability. Understanding how forestland ownership change intersects with landscape ecology as land uses change is critical for evaluating policies that manage these changes. Identifying the ecological impacts avoided by managing the Bull Springs as a working forest can inform landscape-level planning to ensure that future development does not recreate these losses elsewhere in the region. Study of these components and linkages contributes to broader efforts to understand and manage the dynamics of social-ecological systems at multiple scales to make social wellbeing and ecological integrity resilient to future disturbances. Title: The effects of alternative future development scenarios on ecological processes and social-ecological resilience in Central Oregon Author: Duncan, James A. This research sought to explore the implications of different tenure regimes for both landscape-level ecological processes and the overall resilience of a social-ecological system in Central Oregon. The purchase by an investor of former industrial timberlands known as the Bull Springs tract raised the specter of dispersed residential development on the periphery of Bend, Oregon, leading to legislation redefining tenure in the region. This research examined how different forms of tenure on the tract would affect landscapelevel ecological processes and how the enacted tenure redefinition might affect the resilience of the social-ecological system to future perturbations. Data simulating the future vegetation conditions under two tenure scenarios on the Bull Springs – dispersed residential development and working forest management – were used to map habitat for three species representing different ecosystem services. Landscape pattern metrics were used to compare the simulated differences in spatial patterns of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) habitat, American marten (Martes americana) habitat and old-growth ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) woodlands. The results were then interpreted using a social-ecological systems framework describing linkages between tenure and ecological processes. Results from the simulation modeling showed multifunctional habitat patches for mule deer became more isolated and smaller when the Bull Springs was developed, and development of the tract led to greater average isolation of habitat patches, lowered extensiveness across the landscape and a reduction of most measures of total habitat area for both mule deer and American marten. Ponderosa pine woodlands grew substantially in quantity under both scenarios, but the development of the Bull Springs removed a large swath from the middle of the ponderosa pine belt, interrupted north-south connectivity and reduced the extent of potential ponderosa pine woodland conditions. Development projected to occur outside the Bull Springs largely determined the cumulative impacts of both scenarios, but working forest management would be an improvement over development for most metrics for the three species. With respect to resilience, the legislative tenure redefinition would change the linkages between communities in the region and the ecosystem services of value, and these linkages could vary in strength and in the scale of applicability. Understanding how forestland ownership change intersects with landscape ecology as land uses change is critical for evaluating policies that manage these changes. Identifying the ecological impacts avoided by managing the Bull Springs as a working forest can inform landscape-level planning to ensure that future development does not recreate these losses elsewhere in the region. Study of these components and linkages contributes to broader efforts to understand and manage the dynamics of social-ecological systems at multiple scales to make social wellbeing and ecological integrity resilient to future disturbances. Close

• 10. [Article] Survival and Home-range Size of Northern Spotted Owls in Southwestern Oregon

  This is a scanned version of a published article. The original can be found at: http://www.raptorresearchfoundation.org/publications/journal-of-raptor-research. To the best of our knowledge, one or more ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Survival and Home-range Size of Northern Spotted Owls in Southwestern Oregon Author: Schilling, Jason W., Anthony, Robert G., Dugger, Katie M. This is a scanned version of a published article. The original can be found at: http://www.raptorresearchfoundation.org/publications/journal-of-raptor-research. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Title: Survival and Home-range Size of Northern Spotted Owls in Southwestern Oregon Author: Schilling, Jason W., Anthony, Robert G., Dugger, Katie M. This is a scanned version of a published article. The original can be found at: http://www.raptorresearchfoundation.org/publications/journal-of-raptor-research. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. Close