Search

Search Results

• 61. [Article] Genomics of migration : from marine distributions of salmonids to mechanisms of olfactory and magnetic cue perception for natal homing

  Substantial scientific investment has been directed towards understanding factors that influence distribution patterns and animals' remarkable ability for precise orientation and navigation, yet fundamental ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Genomics of migration : from marine distributions of salmonids to mechanisms of olfactory and magnetic cue perception for natal homing Author: Bellinger, M. Renee Substantial scientific investment has been directed towards understanding factors that influence distribution patterns and animals' remarkable ability for precise orientation and navigation, yet fundamental gaps in our knowledge remain. In my dissertation, I applied emerging genetic technologies to conduct a top-down and bottom-up investigation of animal movement and cue perception. First, in partnership with Project CROOS and the California Salmon Genetic Stock Identification project, stock-specific, marine migratory distributions of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were characterized for five consecutive months (2010) over 1000 km of coastline. A statistical model was developed to provide measures of relative stockspecific abundance, insights into broad factors that influence migratory distribution, and for fisheries management applications. For the second component of my dissertation, I studied specialized olfactory cells of salmonids that are proposed to contain nanometer-sized magnetite crystals that interact with earth strength magnetic fields to transduce them into neural signals. The transcriptome profiles of candidate magnetoreceptor and non-magnetic cells isolated from olfactory rosette tissue, whole olfactory rosettes, and blood and muscle tissue were characterized from ~661 million Illumina RNA-seq reads. A total of 1,006 differentially expressed genes were identified in the magnetic cell sample type. Results, consistent with having identified genes involved in magnetite crystal formation in fish, were used to develop a genetic model of magnetic sensory perception. Finally, to provide insights into olfaction-based homing that takes place in freshwater, the olfactory repertoire of salmonids was inferred from the Rainbow trout (O. mykiss) genome and compared to that of 15 other teleosts and the jawless fish, sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), an ancient species. The abundance and diversity of trace amine-associated and V2R-like genes suggests that these classes of chemoreceptors have biological importance. These findings have relevance for resolving if salmon and other marine organisms imprint on magnetic fields, and contribute to our understanding of how magnetic sense, olfaction, and genetic programming are involved in migratory distributions. Title: Genomics of migration : from marine distributions of salmonids to mechanisms of olfactory and magnetic cue perception for natal homing Author: Bellinger, M. Renee Substantial scientific investment has been directed towards understanding factors that influence distribution patterns and animals' remarkable ability for precise orientation and navigation, yet fundamental gaps in our knowledge remain. In my dissertation, I applied emerging genetic technologies to conduct a top-down and bottom-up investigation of animal movement and cue perception. First, in partnership with Project CROOS and the California Salmon Genetic Stock Identification project, stock-specific, marine migratory distributions of Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were characterized for five consecutive months (2010) over 1000 km of coastline. A statistical model was developed to provide measures of relative stockspecific abundance, insights into broad factors that influence migratory distribution, and for fisheries management applications. For the second component of my dissertation, I studied specialized olfactory cells of salmonids that are proposed to contain nanometer-sized magnetite crystals that interact with earth strength magnetic fields to transduce them into neural signals. The transcriptome profiles of candidate magnetoreceptor and non-magnetic cells isolated from olfactory rosette tissue, whole olfactory rosettes, and blood and muscle tissue were characterized from ~661 million Illumina RNA-seq reads. A total of 1,006 differentially expressed genes were identified in the magnetic cell sample type. Results, consistent with having identified genes involved in magnetite crystal formation in fish, were used to develop a genetic model of magnetic sensory perception. Finally, to provide insights into olfaction-based homing that takes place in freshwater, the olfactory repertoire of salmonids was inferred from the Rainbow trout (O. mykiss) genome and compared to that of 15 other teleosts and the jawless fish, sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), an ancient species. The abundance and diversity of trace amine-associated and V2R-like genes suggests that these classes of chemoreceptors have biological importance. These findings have relevance for resolving if salmon and other marine organisms imprint on magnetic fields, and contribute to our understanding of how magnetic sense, olfaction, and genetic programming are involved in migratory distributions. Close

• 62. [Article] The Indian diaspora : situating family building patterns in a migrant community

  The purpose of this study is to ethnographically examine traditionally prescribed notions of sons and daughters in an Indian diasporic community located on Devon Avenue in Chicago. Informed by the association ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Indian diaspora : situating family building patterns in a migrant community Author: Satra, Rupal The purpose of this study is to ethnographically examine traditionally prescribed notions of sons and daughters in an Indian diasporic community located on Devon Avenue in Chicago. Informed by the association between "ideal" and "actual" family building patterns, this study situates reproductive behaviors and demographic outcomes in its local context examining preferences of family size, sex composition, and the persistence of son preference in this Indian migrant community. This study applies a mixed methods approach—quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection—in answering the following research questions: (1) What are the "desired" and "actual" family size and sex composition patterns among married Asian Indian couples? (2) Do migrant Asian Indian married couples express son preference—how and why? Study findings indicate that son preference continues to persist in this diasporic community revealing three overlapping themes related to the reorientation of kinship networks, the transnational nature of patriarchy, and the dynamic relationship between modernity and tradition. Title: The Indian diaspora : situating family building patterns in a migrant community Author: Satra, Rupal The purpose of this study is to ethnographically examine traditionally prescribed notions of sons and daughters in an Indian diasporic community located on Devon Avenue in Chicago. Informed by the association between "ideal" and "actual" family building patterns, this study situates reproductive behaviors and demographic outcomes in its local context examining preferences of family size, sex composition, and the persistence of son preference in this Indian migrant community. This study applies a mixed methods approach—quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection—in answering the following research questions: (1) What are the "desired" and "actual" family size and sex composition patterns among married Asian Indian couples? (2) Do migrant Asian Indian married couples express son preference—how and why? Study findings indicate that son preference continues to persist in this diasporic community revealing three overlapping themes related to the reorientation of kinship networks, the transnational nature of patriarchy, and the dynamic relationship between modernity and tradition. Close

• 63. [Article] Strong maternal fidelity and natal philopatry shape genetic structure in North Pacific humpback whales

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Inter-Research ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Strong maternal fidelity and natal philopatry shape genetic structure in North Pacific humpback whales Author: Witteveen, Briana H., Yamaguchi, Manami, Baker, C. Scott, Rojas-Bracho, Lorenzo, Weller, David, Burdin, Alexander M., Clapham, Phillip J., González-Peral, Ursula, Barlow, Jay, Urbán, Jorge, Calambokidis, John, Ford, John K. B., Wade, Paul R., Taylor, Barbara L., Straley, Janice M., Falcone, Erin, Gabriele, Christine M., Steel, Debbie, Mattila, David To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and Fisheries and Oceans Canada and can be found at: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/. Title: Strong maternal fidelity and natal philopatry shape genetic structure in North Pacific humpback whales Author: Witteveen, Briana H., Yamaguchi, Manami, Baker, C. Scott, Rojas-Bracho, Lorenzo, Weller, David, Burdin, Alexander M., Clapham, Phillip J., González-Peral, Ursula, Barlow, Jay, Urbán, Jorge, Calambokidis, John, Ford, John K. B., Wade, Paul R., Taylor, Barbara L., Straley, Janice M., Falcone, Erin, Gabriele, Christine M., Steel, Debbie, Mattila, David To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by Inter-Research and Fisheries and Oceans Canada and can be found at: http://www.int-res.com/journals/meps/meps-home/. Close

• 64. [Article] Human effects on ecological connectivity in aquatic ecosystems: Integrating scientific approaches to support management and mitigation

  This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/science-of-the-t...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Human effects on ecological connectivity in aquatic ecosystems: Integrating scientific approaches to support management and mitigation Author: Riginos, Cynthia, Nagelkerken, Ivan, Finn, Debra S., Hughes, Jane M., Harrod, Chris, Crook, David A., Jennings, Simon, Gillanders, Bronwyn M., Hansen, Michael M., Fry, Brian, Kilada, Raouf W., Erős, Tibor, Allendorf, Frederick W., Hermoso, Virgilio, Page, Timothy J., Hadwen, Wade L., Lowe, Winsor H. This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/science-of-the-total-environment/ Title: Human effects on ecological connectivity in aquatic ecosystems: Integrating scientific approaches to support management and mitigation Author: Riginos, Cynthia, Nagelkerken, Ivan, Finn, Debra S., Hughes, Jane M., Harrod, Chris, Crook, David A., Jennings, Simon, Gillanders, Bronwyn M., Hansen, Michael M., Fry, Brian, Kilada, Raouf W., Erős, Tibor, Allendorf, Frederick W., Hermoso, Virgilio, Page, Timothy J., Hadwen, Wade L., Lowe, Winsor H. This is an author's peer-reviewed final manuscript, as accepted by the publisher. The published article is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found at: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/science-of-the-total-environment/ Close

• 65. [Article] Beyond Sustainable Bounds: Changing Weather, Emigration, and Irrigation in a Farming Village of Sichuan, China, 1945-2012

  This thesis presents the results of research in a small village located in the mountains of Sichuan Province in southwestern China. The thesis argues that traditional irrigation practices vital to paddy-rice ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Beyond Sustainable Bounds: Changing Weather, Emigration, and Irrigation in a Farming Village of Sichuan, China, 1945-2012 Author: Parker, Joseph Lynn Year: 2013 This thesis presents the results of research in a small village located in the mountains of Sichuan Province in southwestern China. The thesis argues that traditional irrigation practices vital to paddy-rice production in the village have been stressed by local weather events. It also argues that local villagers have not responded effectively to such changes, and that failure to adjust has contributed to social stress observed at the site. During the earlier years of the study period (1945 to 2012), improvements were made in local irrigation, which seem to have helped farmers continue with traditional subsistence wet-rice farming in a fragile mountain environment. However, in later years of the period village social order showed two significant signs of collapse: first, because of emigration, fewer people were left to farm higher mountain levels so farm land was being abandoned; second, social crowding in lower level riverside farming areas, partly the result of highland emigration, began reducing the amount of land being farmed there. While reducing intensive cropping of highland farming areas can result in spontaneous recovery of natural resources such as soil and water, crowding in lower areas can contribute to deterioration of natural resources in the lower village farmland. Crowding can, in addition, have a bearing on community health problems. The thesis results are of value to researchers concerned with the adaptive behavior of local farming communities trying to maintain their traditional irrigation-dependent way of life in a fragile mountain environment while experiencing the effects of changeable weather. Thesis results are of additional value to those who study the impact on society of earth-warming, especially if variable local weather in the Dabashan is shown to be related to global climate change. Title: Beyond Sustainable Bounds: Changing Weather, Emigration, and Irrigation in a Farming Village of Sichuan, China, 1945-2012 Author: Parker, Joseph Lynn Year: 2013 This thesis presents the results of research in a small village located in the mountains of Sichuan Province in southwestern China. The thesis argues that traditional irrigation practices vital to paddy-rice production in the village have been stressed by local weather events. It also argues that local villagers have not responded effectively to such changes, and that failure to adjust has contributed to social stress observed at the site. During the earlier years of the study period (1945 to 2012), improvements were made in local irrigation, which seem to have helped farmers continue with traditional subsistence wet-rice farming in a fragile mountain environment. However, in later years of the period village social order showed two significant signs of collapse: first, because of emigration, fewer people were left to farm higher mountain levels so farm land was being abandoned; second, social crowding in lower level riverside farming areas, partly the result of highland emigration, began reducing the amount of land being farmed there. While reducing intensive cropping of highland farming areas can result in spontaneous recovery of natural resources such as soil and water, crowding in lower areas can contribute to deterioration of natural resources in the lower village farmland. Crowding can, in addition, have a bearing on community health problems. The thesis results are of value to researchers concerned with the adaptive behavior of local farming communities trying to maintain their traditional irrigation-dependent way of life in a fragile mountain environment while experiencing the effects of changeable weather. Thesis results are of additional value to those who study the impact on society of earth-warming, especially if variable local weather in the Dabashan is shown to be related to global climate change. Close