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• 1. [Article] Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features : are there gender issues?

  Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features : are there gender issues? Author: Cook, Curtis R., Beckwith, Laura A., Burnett, Margaret, 1949-, Sorte, Shraddha, Wiedenbeck, Susan, Hastings, Michelle, Oregon State University. Dept. of Computer Science Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and retention of female computer science professionals—but the possibility of gender issues within software has received almost no attention. If gender issues exist with some types of software features, it is possible that accommodating them by changing these features can increase effectiveness, but only if we know what these issues are. In this paper, we empirically investigate gender differences for end users in the context of debugging spreadsheets. Our results uncover significant gender differences in feature acceptance, and show that these differences can significantly impact effectiveness. Title: Effectiveness of end-user debugging software features : are there gender issues? Author: Cook, Curtis R., Beckwith, Laura A., Burnett, Margaret, 1949-, Sorte, Shraddha, Wiedenbeck, Susan, Hastings, Michelle, Oregon State University. Dept. of Computer Science Although gender differences in a technological world are receiving significant research attention, much of the research and practice has aimed at how society and education can impact the successes and retention of female computer science professionals—but the possibility of gender issues within software has received almost no attention. If gender issues exist with some types of software features, it is possible that accommodating them by changing these features can increase effectiveness, but only if we know what these issues are. In this paper, we empirically investigate gender differences for end users in the context of debugging spreadsheets. Our results uncover significant gender differences in feature acceptance, and show that these differences can significantly impact effectiveness. Close

• 2. [Article] Gender differences in end-user debugging strategies

  Little is known about the strategies end-user programmers use in debugging their programs, and even less is known about gender differences that may exist in these strategies. Without this type of information, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender differences in end-user debugging strategies Author: Cook, Curtis R., Drummond, Russell, Bucht, Karin, Subrahmaniyan, Neeraja, Grigoreanu, Valentina I., Wiedenbeck, Susan, Burnett, Margaret, 1947-, Beckwith, Laura A., Oregon State University. Dept. of Computer Science Little is known about the strategies end-user programmers use in debugging their programs, and even less is known about gender differences that may exist in these strategies. Without this type of information, end-user programming systems cannot know the "target" at which to aim, if they are to support male and female end-user programmers' debugging. In this paper, we present a study investigating this issue. We asked a group of end-user programmers to debug spreadsheets and to describe the strategies they used to carry out this task. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we analyzed the strategies reported, considered whether the strategies could be confirmed by observations of participants' behaviors, and looked for relation-ships among participants' strategy choices, gender, and debugging success. Our results indicate that males and females debug in quite different ways, that there are considerable opportunities for improving support for end-user debugging strategies for both genders, and that the types of features commonly found to aid debugging may be especially deficient in supporting strategies the females prefer to use in debugging. Title: Gender differences in end-user debugging strategies Author: Cook, Curtis R., Drummond, Russell, Bucht, Karin, Subrahmaniyan, Neeraja, Grigoreanu, Valentina I., Wiedenbeck, Susan, Burnett, Margaret, 1947-, Beckwith, Laura A., Oregon State University. Dept. of Computer Science Little is known about the strategies end-user programmers use in debugging their programs, and even less is known about gender differences that may exist in these strategies. Without this type of information, end-user programming systems cannot know the "target" at which to aim, if they are to support male and female end-user programmers' debugging. In this paper, we present a study investigating this issue. We asked a group of end-user programmers to debug spreadsheets and to describe the strategies they used to carry out this task. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, we analyzed the strategies reported, considered whether the strategies could be confirmed by observations of participants' behaviors, and looked for relation-ships among participants' strategy choices, gender, and debugging success. Our results indicate that males and females debug in quite different ways, that there are considerable opportunities for improving support for end-user debugging strategies for both genders, and that the types of features commonly found to aid debugging may be especially deficient in supporting strategies the females prefer to use in debugging. Close

• 3. [Article] Gender Disparity in American Literary Fiction: Women Writing the Female Experience of Romantic Relationships in Short Fiction and a Collection of Original Short Stories

  Unpublished female authors of American short fiction face many prejudices in fiction publishing, submission, and reviewing. These prejudices stem from the writer’s position in a gender-unequal society. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender Disparity in American Literary Fiction: Women Writing the Female Experience of Romantic Relationships in Short Fiction and a Collection of Original Short Stories Author: Dealy, Rebecca Corinne Unpublished female authors of American short fiction face many prejudices in fiction publishing, submission, and reviewing. These prejudices stem from the writer’s position in a gender-unequal society. Feminist fiction provides dimensional, diverse female characters in relationships where previous fiction had offered only stereotypes whose role was to support and reflect leading male characters. Normalization of feminist fiction will increase diversity in writing and eliminate the negative effects of the remaining stereotypes, as they will no longer be normalized or internalized by readers. The short story, a form commonly agreed to be American in origin, is a feminist form because it encourages ‘othered’ individuals to share their stories, and as a result it can do political work for the propagation of feminist ideology through an accessible avenue. Title: Gender Disparity in American Literary Fiction: Women Writing the Female Experience of Romantic Relationships in Short Fiction and a Collection of Original Short Stories Author: Dealy, Rebecca Corinne Unpublished female authors of American short fiction face many prejudices in fiction publishing, submission, and reviewing. These prejudices stem from the writer’s position in a gender-unequal society. Feminist fiction provides dimensional, diverse female characters in relationships where previous fiction had offered only stereotypes whose role was to support and reflect leading male characters. Normalization of feminist fiction will increase diversity in writing and eliminate the negative effects of the remaining stereotypes, as they will no longer be normalized or internalized by readers. The short story, a form commonly agreed to be American in origin, is a feminist form because it encourages ‘othered’ individuals to share their stories, and as a result it can do political work for the propagation of feminist ideology through an accessible avenue. Close

• 4. [Article] The Dream of the Fisherman’s Wife

  Existing mythologies that depict female sexuality, too often, portray females as passive objects who either accept sexual advances or resist sexual advances. This thesis attempts to create an alternative ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Dream of the Fisherman’s Wife Author: Barton, Emily S. Existing mythologies that depict female sexuality, too often, portray females as passive objects who either accept sexual advances or resist sexual advances. This thesis attempts to create an alternative mythology where females are active participants in their sexual experiences. I portray four females in four different stories. In two stories the females are typical protagonists. In the remaining two stories the females are protagonists of the action but are not the main characters in the stories. Regardless of their role in the story structure, all the females depicted maintain active rolls in their sexual relationships. Title: The Dream of the Fisherman’s Wife Author: Barton, Emily S. Existing mythologies that depict female sexuality, too often, portray females as passive objects who either accept sexual advances or resist sexual advances. This thesis attempts to create an alternative mythology where females are active participants in their sexual experiences. I portray four females in four different stories. In two stories the females are typical protagonists. In the remaining two stories the females are protagonists of the action but are not the main characters in the stories. Regardless of their role in the story structure, all the females depicted maintain active rolls in their sexual relationships. Close

• 5. [Article] Mothering a child with autism in the United States and in South Korea

  In this dissertation, I qualitatively examined the meaning of mothering a child with autism in two countries: the United States and South Korea. The overarching research question focused on how sociocultural ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Mothering a child with autism in the United States and in South Korea Author: You, Hyun-Kyung In this dissertation, I qualitatively examined the meaning of mothering a child with autism in two countries: the United States and South Korea. The overarching research question focused on how sociocultural ideas about mothering and disability, particularly autism spectrum disorders, shape women’s understanding of themselves and their children with disabilities. In the first study, using symbolic interactionism and feminism, I examined (a) how middle-class, White women who have children with autism understand themselves as mothers and (b) how their ideas are shaped by social interactions with others. Through in-depth interviews with 12 women who have children with autism, I found that these mothers understand themselves to be empathic supporters, mediators, and advocates for their children with autism. Their stories are shaped by selective attention to those who support their self image and a disregard of those who undermine it. Implications for policy and practice are offered. In the second study, guided by the integration of feminist and disability theories within a social constructionist framework, I asked (a) how dominant sociocultural systems related to mothering and disability shape South Korean mothers’ understanding of themselves and their children with autism and (b) how mothers conform to and resist these systems. To answer these questions, I conducted in-depth interviews with 14 middle-class, South Korean mothers with children who have autism. I found that these mothers resisted stigmatizing attitudes toward themselves and their children and they reconstructed the meaning of “normal” childhood by relying on a network of similarly situated mothers. They described themselves as “good” by adhering to Confucian family values that encourage women to sacrifice themselves to focus on their children’s success. From these findings, the two studies collectively demonstrate that mothering a child with autism is (a) gendered, (b) specific to ones’ understanding of autism, and (c) both oppressing and empowering to women. The overarching implications for policy and practice are offered. Title: Mothering a child with autism in the United States and in South Korea Author: You, Hyun-Kyung In this dissertation, I qualitatively examined the meaning of mothering a child with autism in two countries: the United States and South Korea. The overarching research question focused on how sociocultural ideas about mothering and disability, particularly autism spectrum disorders, shape women’s understanding of themselves and their children with disabilities. In the first study, using symbolic interactionism and feminism, I examined (a) how middle-class, White women who have children with autism understand themselves as mothers and (b) how their ideas are shaped by social interactions with others. Through in-depth interviews with 12 women who have children with autism, I found that these mothers understand themselves to be empathic supporters, mediators, and advocates for their children with autism. Their stories are shaped by selective attention to those who support their self image and a disregard of those who undermine it. Implications for policy and practice are offered. In the second study, guided by the integration of feminist and disability theories within a social constructionist framework, I asked (a) how dominant sociocultural systems related to mothering and disability shape South Korean mothers’ understanding of themselves and their children with autism and (b) how mothers conform to and resist these systems. To answer these questions, I conducted in-depth interviews with 14 middle-class, South Korean mothers with children who have autism. I found that these mothers resisted stigmatizing attitudes toward themselves and their children and they reconstructed the meaning of “normal” childhood by relying on a network of similarly situated mothers. They described themselves as “good” by adhering to Confucian family values that encourage women to sacrifice themselves to focus on their children’s success. From these findings, the two studies collectively demonstrate that mothering a child with autism is (a) gendered, (b) specific to ones’ understanding of autism, and (c) both oppressing and empowering to women. The overarching implications for policy and practice are offered. Close

• 6. [Article] Online product presentation and perceived trustworthiness : the moderating role of gender

  E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Online product presentation and perceived trustworthiness : the moderating role of gender Author: Marshall, Kerianne E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there is still limited research on online apparel retailing, especially in online product presentation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine how the presence of an attractive model’s face influences consumer trustworthiness and to explore how men and women differ on their response to the presence of an attractive model's face in an online apparel shopping context. In addition, relationships between perceived trustworthiness, perceived risk, and purchase intention were examined. This study employed a one factor between-subjects' factorial design: Product presentation (presence of face vs. absence of face) by gender (male vs. female). Eight websites were created to closely resemble the design of "real" websites (two websites for each condition). Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The data was collected at Oregon State University in Spring 2009. A convenient sample of 174 undergraduate students was obtained. Using descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses, and univariate analyses of covariance, the present research showed (1) a positive relationship between perceived trustworthiness and purchase intention, (2) a negative relationship between perceived trustworthiness and perceived risk, and (3) a negative relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. The results also revealed that there was no effect of product presentation on perceived trustworthiness as well as no moderating effect of gender on product presentation and perceived trustworthiness. E-tailers can draw implications from the study to focus on creating perceived trustworthiness in their customers. Relationships showed that perceived trustworthiness is important in reducing perceived risk and increasing purchase intention for consumers. This shows that it is important for e-tailers to find website attributes that invoke trustworthiness in their consumers. Also, researchers can further investigate online product presentation based on the research findings. The present study did not find an effect of the presence or absence of a model's face influence perceived trustworthiness, but there are more model attributes to investigate, including looking at facial attributes, body angles, and model attractiveness. Title: Online product presentation and perceived trustworthiness : the moderating role of gender Author: Marshall, Kerianne E-commerce is growing each year, reaching 130.1 billion in 2008 (Internetretailer.com, 2009b). Retailers have turned their attention to the online channel to discover ways to stay competitive. Yet there is still limited research on online apparel retailing, especially in online product presentation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine how the presence of an attractive model’s face influences consumer trustworthiness and to explore how men and women differ on their response to the presence of an attractive model's face in an online apparel shopping context. In addition, relationships between perceived trustworthiness, perceived risk, and purchase intention were examined. This study employed a one factor between-subjects' factorial design: Product presentation (presence of face vs. absence of face) by gender (male vs. female). Eight websites were created to closely resemble the design of "real" websites (two websites for each condition). Self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The data was collected at Oregon State University in Spring 2009. A convenient sample of 174 undergraduate students was obtained. Using descriptive statistics, linear regression analyses, and univariate analyses of covariance, the present research showed (1) a positive relationship between perceived trustworthiness and purchase intention, (2) a negative relationship between perceived trustworthiness and perceived risk, and (3) a negative relationship between perceived risk and purchase intention. The results also revealed that there was no effect of product presentation on perceived trustworthiness as well as no moderating effect of gender on product presentation and perceived trustworthiness. E-tailers can draw implications from the study to focus on creating perceived trustworthiness in their customers. Relationships showed that perceived trustworthiness is important in reducing perceived risk and increasing purchase intention for consumers. This shows that it is important for e-tailers to find website attributes that invoke trustworthiness in their consumers. Also, researchers can further investigate online product presentation based on the research findings. The present study did not find an effect of the presence or absence of a model's face influence perceived trustworthiness, but there are more model attributes to investigate, including looking at facial attributes, body angles, and model attractiveness. Close

• 7. [Article] Constructing heroic identities : masculinity and the western film

  This thesis employs the study of gender to demonstrate how recent Hollywood western films have constructed a hero that is reflective of contemporary beliefs regarding masculinity. Beginning with a New ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Constructing heroic identities : masculinity and the western film Author: Foster, Brad D. This thesis employs the study of gender to demonstrate how recent Hollywood western films have constructed a hero that is reflective of contemporary beliefs regarding masculinity. Beginning with a New Historicist approach at studying gender, this work first considers the construction of masculinity in post World War II America and traces the evolution of the western hero's masculinity from its iconic state in the 1950's through it trial during second wave feminism, its rebuilding during the Reagan years, and its refinement within recent Hollywood films. This thesis considers each period of western films as a representation and reflection of its current culture, and as a result ultimately argues that the western genre has recently endeavored to perpetuate the conservative cultural view that a marital union is the ideal in contemporary American society. In tracing the progression of masculinity in the western hero, through cultural and textual readings, this thesis concludes that today's paragon of the masculine western hero is more subject to domesticity and as such is more likely than its 1950s predecessors to accept marital living. Title: Constructing heroic identities : masculinity and the western film Author: Foster, Brad D. This thesis employs the study of gender to demonstrate how recent Hollywood western films have constructed a hero that is reflective of contemporary beliefs regarding masculinity. Beginning with a New Historicist approach at studying gender, this work first considers the construction of masculinity in post World War II America and traces the evolution of the western hero's masculinity from its iconic state in the 1950's through it trial during second wave feminism, its rebuilding during the Reagan years, and its refinement within recent Hollywood films. This thesis considers each period of western films as a representation and reflection of its current culture, and as a result ultimately argues that the western genre has recently endeavored to perpetuate the conservative cultural view that a marital union is the ideal in contemporary American society. In tracing the progression of masculinity in the western hero, through cultural and textual readings, this thesis concludes that today's paragon of the masculine western hero is more subject to domesticity and as such is more likely than its 1950s predecessors to accept marital living. Close

• 8. [Article] From the encoded to the explicit in the 20th Century Irish romance : a study of Elizabeth Bowen's The last September and Edna O'Brien's The country girl's trilogy

  This thesis uses both feminist and new historic theories to argue that the women's romance novels The Last September (1929) by Elizabeth Bowen and The Country Girl's Trilogy (1960, 1962, 1964) by Edna ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: From the encoded to the explicit in the 20th Century Irish romance : a study of Elizabeth Bowen's The last September and Edna O'Brien's The country girl's trilogy Author: Breeden, Shobana L. This thesis uses both feminist and new historic theories to argue that the women's romance novels The Last September (1929) by Elizabeth Bowen and The Country Girl's Trilogy (1960, 1962, 1964) by Edna O'Brien are tragic bildungsroman that subvert and challenge the Irish patriarchal marriage expectations of their respective time periods. Both Bowen and O'Brien in their very different class and cultural idioms render such expectations as unrealistic, gender-biased, and detrimental to their heroine's sense of independent identity. Additionally, the difference between the pre-independence time period of The Last September and the post colonial, nation-building time period of The Country Girl's Trilogy provides a contrast between an Irish woman's social position before and after Ireland's Home Rule. Both novels make lasting contributions to the history and politics regarding the private sphere of domesticity during a time when Irish women were constrained socially and poltically from creating for themselves a fulfilling life in whatever sphere they may have chosen. Title: From the encoded to the explicit in the 20th Century Irish romance : a study of Elizabeth Bowen's The last September and Edna O'Brien's The country girl's trilogy Author: Breeden, Shobana L. This thesis uses both feminist and new historic theories to argue that the women's romance novels The Last September (1929) by Elizabeth Bowen and The Country Girl's Trilogy (1960, 1962, 1964) by Edna O'Brien are tragic bildungsroman that subvert and challenge the Irish patriarchal marriage expectations of their respective time periods. Both Bowen and O'Brien in their very different class and cultural idioms render such expectations as unrealistic, gender-biased, and detrimental to their heroine's sense of independent identity. Additionally, the difference between the pre-independence time period of The Last September and the post colonial, nation-building time period of The Country Girl's Trilogy provides a contrast between an Irish woman's social position before and after Ireland's Home Rule. Both novels make lasting contributions to the history and politics regarding the private sphere of domesticity during a time when Irish women were constrained socially and poltically from creating for themselves a fulfilling life in whatever sphere they may have chosen. Close

• 9. [Article] Gender-Dependent Mechanisms of Alpha-Tocopherol Protection from Benzo[a]pyrene Exposure in Rats

  Thesis poster fair presentation.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender-Dependent Mechanisms of Alpha-Tocopherol Protection from Benzo[a]pyrene Exposure in Rats Author: Crimp, Caitlin A., Mustacich, Debbie J. Thesis poster fair presentation. Title: Gender-Dependent Mechanisms of Alpha-Tocopherol Protection from Benzo[a]pyrene Exposure in Rats Author: Crimp, Caitlin A., Mustacich, Debbie J. Thesis poster fair presentation. Close

• 10. [Article] Gender, genre, and the canon : teaching Aemilia Lanyer

  Traditionally, Renaissance studies have neglected or overlooked the contributions of early modern female poets, many of whom produced lively, engaging, and highly creative work despite the limitations ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Gender, genre, and the canon : teaching Aemilia Lanyer Author: Jurgens, Jeremy Traditionally, Renaissance studies have neglected or overlooked the contributions of early modern female poets, many of whom produced lively, engaging, and highly creative work despite the limitations imposed on them by a rigidly patriarchal society. In my thesis, I examine the life and work of Aemilia Lanyer, a 17th century poet whose work has recently gained substantial critical attention and limited inclusion into syllabi and anthologies. I argue that, in order to effectively bring the work of Lanyer, and women like her, to students, one must first understand the relationship between early modern women and the literary canon. In the first half of my thesis, I discuss Lanyer‟s life, work, and her canonical history, pinpointing exactly what her work offers to early modern studies. In the latter half, I propose a methodology for actually presenting Lanyer‟s work to students, which consists of pairing her work with that of a more canonical author, Edmund Spenser. By looking at under-represented texts in conjunction with canonical works, teachers provide opportunities for productive classroom discussions about gender, the canon, and the complexities of early modern authorship. Title: Gender, genre, and the canon : teaching Aemilia Lanyer Author: Jurgens, Jeremy Traditionally, Renaissance studies have neglected or overlooked the contributions of early modern female poets, many of whom produced lively, engaging, and highly creative work despite the limitations imposed on them by a rigidly patriarchal society. In my thesis, I examine the life and work of Aemilia Lanyer, a 17th century poet whose work has recently gained substantial critical attention and limited inclusion into syllabi and anthologies. I argue that, in order to effectively bring the work of Lanyer, and women like her, to students, one must first understand the relationship between early modern women and the literary canon. In the first half of my thesis, I discuss Lanyer‟s life, work, and her canonical history, pinpointing exactly what her work offers to early modern studies. In the latter half, I propose a methodology for actually presenting Lanyer‟s work to students, which consists of pairing her work with that of a more canonical author, Edmund Spenser. By looking at under-represented texts in conjunction with canonical works, teachers provide opportunities for productive classroom discussions about gender, the canon, and the complexities of early modern authorship. Close