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• 1. [Article] A comparative study of perceptual ratings and fundamental frequency in female and male esophageal voices

  This study proposed to determine if male and female esophageal voices were rated in the same manner by naïve listeners. Answers to the following questions were sought: Is there a difference in the social ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A comparative study of perceptual ratings and fundamental frequency in female and male esophageal voices Author: Heinrich, Anne Terese Year: 1978 This study proposed to determine if male and female esophageal voices were rated in the same manner by naïve listeners. Answers to the following questions were sought: Is there a difference in the social acceptability ratings given to female esophageal voices compared to male esophageal voices, when the speakers are matched for speaking ability? Does a relationship exist between the fundamental frequencies of female esophageal voices and ratings of social acceptability given by naïve listeners? Does a relationship exist between the fundamental frequencies of male esophageal voices and ratings of social acceptability given by naïve listeners? Do male and female naïve listeners rate female esophageal voices similarly? Title: A comparative study of perceptual ratings and fundamental frequency in female and male esophageal voices Author: Heinrich, Anne Terese Year: 1978 This study proposed to determine if male and female esophageal voices were rated in the same manner by naïve listeners. Answers to the following questions were sought: Is there a difference in the social acceptability ratings given to female esophageal voices compared to male esophageal voices, when the speakers are matched for speaking ability? Does a relationship exist between the fundamental frequencies of female esophageal voices and ratings of social acceptability given by naïve listeners? Does a relationship exist between the fundamental frequencies of male esophageal voices and ratings of social acceptability given by naïve listeners? Do male and female naïve listeners rate female esophageal voices similarly? Close

• 2. [Article] A study of the perceptual parameters of voice in aging females

  An interest in understanding the aging processes, as they relate to voice, has prompted research investigating physiological, acoustical, and perceptual attributes of the aging vocal mechanism. Recently, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A study of the perceptual parameters of voice in aging females Author: Mathers, Barbara Ann Year: 1978 An interest in understanding the aging processes, as they relate to voice, has prompted research investigating physiological, acoustical, and perceptual attributes of the aging vocal mechanism. Recently, it has been demonstrated that perceptual parameters, in older male voices, differentiate speakers according to age estimations, as determined by a group of listeners. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptual characteristics of the female voice which are associated with perceived age, as contrasted to chronological age. Title: A study of the perceptual parameters of voice in aging females Author: Mathers, Barbara Ann Year: 1978 An interest in understanding the aging processes, as they relate to voice, has prompted research investigating physiological, acoustical, and perceptual attributes of the aging vocal mechanism. Recently, it has been demonstrated that perceptual parameters, in older male voices, differentiate speakers according to age estimations, as determined by a group of listeners. The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptual characteristics of the female voice which are associated with perceived age, as contrasted to chronological age. Close

• 3. [Article] Effects of speaker-sex-difference on listeners' perception of vocal roughness in normal vowel productions

  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of speaker-sex-difference on listeners' perception of vocal roughness in the vowel [ӕ] produced by normal male and female speakers. In a previous ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Effects of speaker-sex-difference on listeners' perception of vocal roughness in normal vowel productions Author: Phillips, Patsy J Year: 1973 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of speaker-sex-difference on listeners' perception of vocal roughness in the vowel [ӕ] produced by normal male and female speakers. In a previous investigation by Wendahl (1963) it was found that when listening to two synthesized vowels, of equal aperiodicity, judges tended to rate the lower pitched vowel as being more vocally rough. If this is true for listeners’ perception of human vowel productions as well then it might be advantageous for voice clinicians, when making vocal roughness assessments, to regard male and female speakers as two separate populations in view of the inherent pitch differences between the sexes. In this current investigation, pairs of vowels produced by normal adult male and female speakers were presented to 10 speech pathologists (5 males and 5 females). Each vowel pair contained one male and one female production of the vowel [ӕ] which had been assigned equal roughness ratings in a previous judging task. The 50 vowel pairs contained 10 pairs of vowels at each of five roughness rating levels. The 10 judges were required to listen to each of the 50 pairs and to make a forced choice selection of the most vocally rough production within each pair. The findings in this study revealed that for the 50 vowel pairs the judges selected the vowels produced by males as being more vocally rough a significantly greater proportion of the time. With respect to the five roughness rating levels, judges chose the male produced vowels as being rougher a significantly greater proportion of the time at rating levels one, three and five but illustrated no significant preference between the sexes at rating levels two and four. Further analysis revealed that the five male judges selected the vowels produced by males as being the rougher a significantly greater proportion of' the time for all 50 pairs at each of the five roughness rating levels. The five female judges, on the other hand, illustrated no significant preferences between the sexes for the 50 vowel pairs. They did show a significant preference for the males at rating level one, a significant preference for the females at rating level two but no significant at rating levels three, four and five. In addition, male judges illustrated substantially greater inter-judge agreement and intra-judge reliability for this judging task than did the female judges. Title: Effects of speaker-sex-difference on listeners' perception of vocal roughness in normal vowel productions Author: Phillips, Patsy J Year: 1973 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of speaker-sex-difference on listeners' perception of vocal roughness in the vowel [ӕ] produced by normal male and female speakers. In a previous investigation by Wendahl (1963) it was found that when listening to two synthesized vowels, of equal aperiodicity, judges tended to rate the lower pitched vowel as being more vocally rough. If this is true for listeners’ perception of human vowel productions as well then it might be advantageous for voice clinicians, when making vocal roughness assessments, to regard male and female speakers as two separate populations in view of the inherent pitch differences between the sexes. In this current investigation, pairs of vowels produced by normal adult male and female speakers were presented to 10 speech pathologists (5 males and 5 females). Each vowel pair contained one male and one female production of the vowel [ӕ] which had been assigned equal roughness ratings in a previous judging task. The 50 vowel pairs contained 10 pairs of vowels at each of five roughness rating levels. The 10 judges were required to listen to each of the 50 pairs and to make a forced choice selection of the most vocally rough production within each pair. The findings in this study revealed that for the 50 vowel pairs the judges selected the vowels produced by males as being more vocally rough a significantly greater proportion of the time. With respect to the five roughness rating levels, judges chose the male produced vowels as being rougher a significantly greater proportion of the time at rating levels one, three and five but illustrated no significant preference between the sexes at rating levels two and four. Further analysis revealed that the five male judges selected the vowels produced by males as being the rougher a significantly greater proportion of' the time for all 50 pairs at each of the five roughness rating levels. The five female judges, on the other hand, illustrated no significant preferences between the sexes for the 50 vowel pairs. They did show a significant preference for the males at rating level one, a significant preference for the females at rating level two but no significant at rating levels three, four and five. In addition, male judges illustrated substantially greater inter-judge agreement and intra-judge reliability for this judging task than did the female judges. Close