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• 61. [Article] Impact of a marine protected area to fishery profitability and income distribution. Some evidence from the Gulf of Thailand (Mu Ko Chumphon National Park versus Chumphon Province)

  Methodological difficulties, particularly when multifleet-multispecies fisheries are active, explain pro parte a weak research effort on the socio-economic impact of fishery activities after the implementation ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impact of a marine protected area to fishery profitability and income distribution. Some evidence from the Gulf of Thailand (Mu Ko Chumphon National Park versus Chumphon Province) Author: Weigel, Jean-Yves, Noel, Jean-Francois, Morand, Pierre, Guillotreau, Patrice, Mawongwai, Thunthada Methodological difficulties, particularly when multifleet-multispecies fisheries are active, explain pro parte a weak research effort on the socio-economic impact of fishery activities after the implementation of a marine protected area. Two components of the socio-economic impact have been prioritized: the fishing unit profitability and the fishery household income distribution by comparing a marine protected area (Mu Ko Chumpon National Park) and an unprotected area (Chumphon Province) in Thailand. One can distinguish three phases: a bibliographical analysis, the carrying out of fishers village monographs and of a sample-based survey of fishery households. The sampling unit was the fishery household forming one or several fishing units defined by a métier (an association of a fleet, a main fishing gear, target species): 126 households forming 225 fishing units have been surveyed. The positive impact of the MPA on fishery profitability is shown by a principal component analysis which indicates that there is a lower proportion of fishing units harvesting inside or in adjacent areas of the MPA (insiders who are benefitting from implicit access rights) which face negative profit than those fishing remote from the MPA but in Chumphon Province (outsiders). This positive impact is confirmed by the performance of Chi-square tests: the insiders have relatively higher profit per fishing day than outsiders and Chi-square tests show a greater homogeneity of profits per fishing day and a lower variability for the insiders. A steady social impact from the MPA on fishery income distribution is revealed by the measure of concentration using an Herfindhal index and Lorenz curves which show the more egalitarian structure of insiders regarding the operating profit and the income per fishery household. Title: Impact of a marine protected area to fishery profitability and income distribution. Some evidence from the Gulf of Thailand (Mu Ko Chumphon National Park versus Chumphon Province) Author: Weigel, Jean-Yves, Noel, Jean-Francois, Morand, Pierre, Guillotreau, Patrice, Mawongwai, Thunthada Methodological difficulties, particularly when multifleet-multispecies fisheries are active, explain pro parte a weak research effort on the socio-economic impact of fishery activities after the implementation of a marine protected area. Two components of the socio-economic impact have been prioritized: the fishing unit profitability and the fishery household income distribution by comparing a marine protected area (Mu Ko Chumpon National Park) and an unprotected area (Chumphon Province) in Thailand. One can distinguish three phases: a bibliographical analysis, the carrying out of fishers village monographs and of a sample-based survey of fishery households. The sampling unit was the fishery household forming one or several fishing units defined by a métier (an association of a fleet, a main fishing gear, target species): 126 households forming 225 fishing units have been surveyed. The positive impact of the MPA on fishery profitability is shown by a principal component analysis which indicates that there is a lower proportion of fishing units harvesting inside or in adjacent areas of the MPA (insiders who are benefitting from implicit access rights) which face negative profit than those fishing remote from the MPA but in Chumphon Province (outsiders). This positive impact is confirmed by the performance of Chi-square tests: the insiders have relatively higher profit per fishing day than outsiders and Chi-square tests show a greater homogeneity of profits per fishing day and a lower variability for the insiders. A steady social impact from the MPA on fishery income distribution is revealed by the measure of concentration using an Herfindhal index and Lorenz curves which show the more egalitarian structure of insiders regarding the operating profit and the income per fishery household. Close

• 62. [Article] The Artisanal Hilsa Fishery: economically Efficient Fisheries Policy

  The hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fishery is by far the largest single species fishery in Bangladesh. In this paper, a simple bio-economic year-class based model is developed to describe the fishery and ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Artisanal Hilsa Fishery: economically Efficient Fisheries Policy Author: Arnason, Ragnar, Mome, Masud Ara The hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fishery is by far the largest single species fishery in Bangladesh. In this paper, a simple bio-economic year-class based model is developed to describe the fishery and examine its properties. With the help of this model, the optimum sustainable yield of the fishery is calculated and compared to the existing situation. The model is further used to locate socially and economically reasonably dynamic paths from the current situation to the optimal one. The results indicate that the fishing effort (measured in standardized boat units) required maintaining maximum sustainable economic benefits are about one-third of the current fishing effort. At this sustainable fishing effort level, annual net economic benefits from the fishery amount to about US$ 260 million according to my calculations compared to virtually nothing today. The present value of the fishery along a moderate effort adjustment path to this long term equilibrium position is US$ 3,650 million at 6% rate of discount. The dynamic path that maximizes the present value of the fishery involves quite dramatic effort reductions for the first two years. Such a path would increase the present value of the fishery by perhaps 8-10%. Title: The Artisanal Hilsa Fishery: economically Efficient Fisheries Policy Author: Arnason, Ragnar, Mome, Masud Ara The hilsa shad (Tenualosa ilisha) fishery is by far the largest single species fishery in Bangladesh. In this paper, a simple bio-economic year-class based model is developed to describe the fishery and examine its properties. With the help of this model, the optimum sustainable yield of the fishery is calculated and compared to the existing situation. The model is further used to locate socially and economically reasonably dynamic paths from the current situation to the optimal one. The results indicate that the fishing effort (measured in standardized boat units) required maintaining maximum sustainable economic benefits are about one-third of the current fishing effort. At this sustainable fishing effort level, annual net economic benefits from the fishery amount to about US$ 260 million according to my calculations compared to virtually nothing today. The present value of the fishery along a moderate effort adjustment path to this long term equilibrium position is US$ 3,650 million at 6% rate of discount. The dynamic path that maximizes the present value of the fishery involves quite dramatic effort reductions for the first two years. Such a path would increase the present value of the fishery by perhaps 8-10%. Close

• 63. [Article] Application of a Dynamic Stochastic Adaptive Bioeconomic Model to Evaluate the Economics of Offshore Bluefin Tuna Aquaculture

  Over the past fifteen years, the market for bluefin tuna has evolved in an attempt to further enhance the economic value of bluefin tuna landings. Historically, the US East Coast has been a major supplier ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Application of a Dynamic Stochastic Adaptive Bioeconomic Model to Evaluate the Economics of Offshore Bluefin Tuna Aquaculture Author: Shamshak, Gina Louise, Anderson, James L. Over the past fifteen years, the market for bluefin tuna has evolved in an attempt to further enhance the economic value of bluefin tuna landings. Historically, the US East Coast has been a major supplier of high quality bluefin tuna to Japan, the primary market for sashimi grade tuna. To date, many questions regarding the economic feasibility of offshore aquaculture, and in particular offshore bluefin tuna farming in the United States, remain unanswered. This research assesses the economic feasibility of an offshore bluefin tuna aquaculture industry located on the East Coast of the US by developing a dynamic stochastic adaptive bioeconomic model of such an offshore enterprise. The bioeconomic model incorporates the biological constraints of the species, the interaction of relevant economic parameters and constraints, and stochastic sources of risk, to solve for the profit maximizing behavior of a farmed bluefin tuna producer. This research identifies the optimal harvest schedule for an offshore bluefin tuna farming facility that maximizes the net present value of the operation under a variety of economic, biological and regulatory conditions. Economic feasibility is analyzed using profitability indicators including net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). This research is relevant given the continued expansion of bluefin tuna aquaculture globally, the increasing demand for high-quality bluefin tuna, and the uncertainty regarding the economic feasibility of an offshore bluefin tuna aquaculture industry in the United States. Title: Application of a Dynamic Stochastic Adaptive Bioeconomic Model to Evaluate the Economics of Offshore Bluefin Tuna Aquaculture Author: Shamshak, Gina Louise, Anderson, James L. Over the past fifteen years, the market for bluefin tuna has evolved in an attempt to further enhance the economic value of bluefin tuna landings. Historically, the US East Coast has been a major supplier of high quality bluefin tuna to Japan, the primary market for sashimi grade tuna. To date, many questions regarding the economic feasibility of offshore aquaculture, and in particular offshore bluefin tuna farming in the United States, remain unanswered. This research assesses the economic feasibility of an offshore bluefin tuna aquaculture industry located on the East Coast of the US by developing a dynamic stochastic adaptive bioeconomic model of such an offshore enterprise. The bioeconomic model incorporates the biological constraints of the species, the interaction of relevant economic parameters and constraints, and stochastic sources of risk, to solve for the profit maximizing behavior of a farmed bluefin tuna producer. This research identifies the optimal harvest schedule for an offshore bluefin tuna farming facility that maximizes the net present value of the operation under a variety of economic, biological and regulatory conditions. Economic feasibility is analyzed using profitability indicators including net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR). This research is relevant given the continued expansion of bluefin tuna aquaculture globally, the increasing demand for high-quality bluefin tuna, and the uncertainty regarding the economic feasibility of an offshore bluefin tuna aquaculture industry in the United States. Close

• 64. [Article] The Australian National Recreational Fishing Survey: 2000-01

  The survey, commencing in May 2000, is the first broad based national recreational fishing survey of its kind in Australia. While primarily designed to provide biologic and fisher participant data, it ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Australian National Recreational Fishing Survey: 2000-01 Author: Reid, Dennis, Campbell, David, Henry, Gary, Lyle, Jeremy, Coleman, Anne, West, Laurie, McGlennon, David Year: 2001 The survey, commencing in May 2000, is the first broad based national recreational fishing survey of its kind in Australia. While primarily designed to provide biologic and fisher participant data, it provides a platform for the collection of data applicable to economic policy questions. The survey methodology is based on a nation wide random selection of households for which base data is collected. Those in the household indicating their likely participation in fishing over the coming twelve months are invited to join the recreational fishing survey. These participating in the longitudinal survey are interviewed over the twelve months of the survey by telephone using the Kewagama Research respondent facilitation diary methodology. The offsite survey is supported with on-site creel surveys to verify participant responses throughout the duration of the survey. Because the primary focus of the survey is the collection of biological and fishing data, it is not always possible to link economic data to a particular fishing activity, species or fishing site. The economic data is identified according to whether it is at home or away from home expenditure, the economic zone in which the expenditure has occurred and the proportion of expenditure attributable to recreational fishing activity. The aim in limiting the economic data in this manner is to ensure the provision of robustness data over the full range of the national survey. The economic and behavioural data to be provided by the survey will be constructive input to important to policy issues concerning the assessment and the use of fish, marine, coastal and inland water resources. Title: The Australian National Recreational Fishing Survey: 2000-01 Author: Reid, Dennis, Campbell, David, Henry, Gary, Lyle, Jeremy, Coleman, Anne, West, Laurie, McGlennon, David Year: 2001 The survey, commencing in May 2000, is the first broad based national recreational fishing survey of its kind in Australia. While primarily designed to provide biologic and fisher participant data, it provides a platform for the collection of data applicable to economic policy questions. The survey methodology is based on a nation wide random selection of households for which base data is collected. Those in the household indicating their likely participation in fishing over the coming twelve months are invited to join the recreational fishing survey. These participating in the longitudinal survey are interviewed over the twelve months of the survey by telephone using the Kewagama Research respondent facilitation diary methodology. The offsite survey is supported with on-site creel surveys to verify participant responses throughout the duration of the survey. Because the primary focus of the survey is the collection of biological and fishing data, it is not always possible to link economic data to a particular fishing activity, species or fishing site. The economic data is identified according to whether it is at home or away from home expenditure, the economic zone in which the expenditure has occurred and the proportion of expenditure attributable to recreational fishing activity. The aim in limiting the economic data in this manner is to ensure the provision of robustness data over the full range of the national survey. The economic and behavioural data to be provided by the survey will be constructive input to important to policy issues concerning the assessment and the use of fish, marine, coastal and inland water resources. Close

• 65. [Article] The Effectiveness of a Halibut Excluder Device and Consideration of Tradeoffs in Its Application

  Though the commercial value per pound of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) is greater than that of most target species in trawl fisheries off Alaska, halibut retention is prohibited for trawlers ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Effectiveness of a Halibut Excluder Device and Consideration of Tradeoffs in Its Application Author: Gauvin, John R., Rose, Craig S. Year: 2001 Though the commercial value per pound of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) is greater than that of most target species in trawl fisheries off Alaska, halibut retention is prohibited for trawlers and individual groundfish target trawl fisheries are subject to closure if they attain either their seasonal or annual limit of allowed halibut bycatch mortality. Although all groundfish fisheries catch considerable amounts of halibut as bycatch, only longline fishermen holding quota share in the individual fishing quota (IFQ) program are allowed to retain halibut in the federally managed fisheries off Alaska. To avoid catching halibut, trawl fishermen voluntarily developed a rigid grate system and escape panel which are installed ahead of the trawl “codend”. The bycatch reduction device was then formally tested by an industry trade association in conjunction with a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) fishing gear researcher under an Experimental Fishing Permit in 1998. Results from the experiment showed the device excluded 94% of the halibut while only releasing 38% of the target flatfish. Linear simulations of the fishery were developed to estimate the potential benefit of the grate. Results indicated that fleet-wide use of the grate would result in a 171% increase in the duration of the fishery, a 61% increase in target flatfish catch, and a 71% reduction in overall halibut bycatch. Other simulations demonstrated a high incentive for individual noncompliance. Factors affecting incentives for voluntary or regulatory use of bycatch reduction devices are explored in detail within the context of the highly regulated flatfish fisheries under federal management off Alaska. Title: The Effectiveness of a Halibut Excluder Device and Consideration of Tradeoffs in Its Application Author: Gauvin, John R., Rose, Craig S. Year: 2001 Though the commercial value per pound of Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) is greater than that of most target species in trawl fisheries off Alaska, halibut retention is prohibited for trawlers and individual groundfish target trawl fisheries are subject to closure if they attain either their seasonal or annual limit of allowed halibut bycatch mortality. Although all groundfish fisheries catch considerable amounts of halibut as bycatch, only longline fishermen holding quota share in the individual fishing quota (IFQ) program are allowed to retain halibut in the federally managed fisheries off Alaska. To avoid catching halibut, trawl fishermen voluntarily developed a rigid grate system and escape panel which are installed ahead of the trawl “codend”. The bycatch reduction device was then formally tested by an industry trade association in conjunction with a National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) fishing gear researcher under an Experimental Fishing Permit in 1998. Results from the experiment showed the device excluded 94% of the halibut while only releasing 38% of the target flatfish. Linear simulations of the fishery were developed to estimate the potential benefit of the grate. Results indicated that fleet-wide use of the grate would result in a 171% increase in the duration of the fishery, a 61% increase in target flatfish catch, and a 71% reduction in overall halibut bycatch. Other simulations demonstrated a high incentive for individual noncompliance. Factors affecting incentives for voluntary or regulatory use of bycatch reduction devices are explored in detail within the context of the highly regulated flatfish fisheries under federal management off Alaska. Close

• 66. [Article] Competitive Markets in Stochastic Environments: Will Climate Change Drive Industry Consolidation of Global Fisheries?

  Climate change and continued fishing pressure threaten to increase recruitment variability for many stocks globally. Shifts in the inter-annual stability of an exploitable renewable resource may have dramatic ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Competitive Markets in Stochastic Environments: Will Climate Change Drive Industry Consolidation of Global Fisheries? Author: Scheld, Andrew M. Climate change and continued fishing pressure threaten to increase recruitment variability for many stocks globally. Shifts in the inter-annual stability of an exploitable renewable resource may have dramatic consequences for the industries and communities which depend upon them. In this talk, the link between resource volatility and industry structure is explored using two models. First, an agent-based simulation model is presented to illustrate the effects of increasing resource variation on the number of participants in an extractive industry. Model output depicts a causal relationship between resource stability and industry structure, showing few industry participants when the resource is highly variable. Several other structural components of the model are additionally explored and suggest policy prescriptions that may mitigate environmentally driven industry effects. A second model is also presented which empirically investigates the relationship between resource volatility and industry consolidation. Here we apply tools from portfolio theory to global fisheries production and employment data, finding countries which exhibit higher portfolio volatility in production across different species groups tend to employ fewer people in their fishing industries. Both models suggest a strong link between environmental stability and the structure of resource dependent industries, indicating a need for proactive policies to address anticipated effects of climate change. Title: Competitive Markets in Stochastic Environments: Will Climate Change Drive Industry Consolidation of Global Fisheries? Author: Scheld, Andrew M. Climate change and continued fishing pressure threaten to increase recruitment variability for many stocks globally. Shifts in the inter-annual stability of an exploitable renewable resource may have dramatic consequences for the industries and communities which depend upon them. In this talk, the link between resource volatility and industry structure is explored using two models. First, an agent-based simulation model is presented to illustrate the effects of increasing resource variation on the number of participants in an extractive industry. Model output depicts a causal relationship between resource stability and industry structure, showing few industry participants when the resource is highly variable. Several other structural components of the model are additionally explored and suggest policy prescriptions that may mitigate environmentally driven industry effects. A second model is also presented which empirically investigates the relationship between resource volatility and industry consolidation. Here we apply tools from portfolio theory to global fisheries production and employment data, finding countries which exhibit higher portfolio volatility in production across different species groups tend to employ fewer people in their fishing industries. Both models suggest a strong link between environmental stability and the structure of resource dependent industries, indicating a need for proactive policies to address anticipated effects of climate change. Close

• 67. [Article] Consumer acceptability of Mukene (Rastrineobola argentea) value-added products in Uganda

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  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Consumer acceptability of Mukene (Rastrineobola argentea) value-added products in Uganda Author: Masette, Magaret, Khakasa, Elizabeth Abstract Only Title: Consumer acceptability of Mukene (Rastrineobola argentea) value-added products in Uganda Author: Masette, Magaret, Khakasa, Elizabeth Abstract Only Close

• 68. [Article] Estimating Financial Returns to Coastal States from their Tuna Resources‚ a Preliminary Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Tuna Harvesting Sector

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  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Estimating Financial Returns to Coastal States from their Tuna Resources‚ a Preliminary Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Tuna Harvesting Sector Author: Kimakwa, Edward Abstract Only Title: Estimating Financial Returns to Coastal States from their Tuna Resources‚ a Preliminary Analysis of the Western Indian Ocean Tuna Harvesting Sector Author: Kimakwa, Edward Abstract Only Close

• 69. [Article] Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market Author: Astou, Niang Ndeye, Michel, Lesourd Abstract only. Title: Sustainable Management of Fishery Resources and Development in Africa: Sustainable Management of Artisanal Fisheries and Local Development in Senegalese Coast Facing The Globalization of Fish Market Author: Astou, Niang Ndeye, Michel, Lesourd Abstract only. Close