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• 31. [Article] Intangible Cultural Heritage in Coastal Fishing Villages of Binh Dinh Province

  Van Chai are traditional fishing associations in Binh Dinh province, mainly distributing in coastal areas. In spite of experiencing many ups and downs, suffering great impacts of market economic and cultural ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Intangible Cultural Heritage in Coastal Fishing Villages of Binh Dinh Province Author: Tran, Van Vinh Van Chai are traditional fishing associations in Binh Dinh province, mainly distributing in coastal areas. In spite of experiencing many ups and downs, suffering great impacts of market economic and cultural integration, these villages still exist until now. However, many cultural features of the Van Chai have been gradually lost and eroded. It is really pity without comprehensive assessments and wide propagandas in order that descendants understand and recover these values. One of these values is management of fishery resources. Learning and experience of the Van Chai, especially their village regulations and customs in catching fishes and treatment to nature, benefits and so on are so worthy for scholars and managers to study and refer to. Appearance of this text is to generally assess coastal Van Chai in Binh Dinh province, to analyze forms of intangible cultural heritages of current Van Chai such as regulations, tradition rituals, professional rules, cultural heritages, belief, worship of Whale (Ca Ong); analyze and explain some traditional forms of fishing villages, praticable meanings in fishery resources protection in inshore areas as well as prevervation of aquatic types in Vietnamese and international red list. Finally, some solutions to develop fishery in coastal Van Chai in Binh Dinh province have been proposed towards community management. To implement it, author has used several methods such as survey, interview, expert and inheritance together with new analyzing tools such as SWOT, relevant matrix to make issues obvious. Research results show that intangible traditional values of the Van Chai in managing fishery resources have been respective and remained the values till now. Co-management models of fishery resources have been based on the community at present. It is suggested that in near future, Binh Dinh province should learn and inherit traditional values and regulations for managing fishery resources of Van Chai. Title: Intangible Cultural Heritage in Coastal Fishing Villages of Binh Dinh Province Author: Tran, Van Vinh Van Chai are traditional fishing associations in Binh Dinh province, mainly distributing in coastal areas. In spite of experiencing many ups and downs, suffering great impacts of market economic and cultural integration, these villages still exist until now. However, many cultural features of the Van Chai have been gradually lost and eroded. It is really pity without comprehensive assessments and wide propagandas in order that descendants understand and recover these values. One of these values is management of fishery resources. Learning and experience of the Van Chai, especially their village regulations and customs in catching fishes and treatment to nature, benefits and so on are so worthy for scholars and managers to study and refer to. Appearance of this text is to generally assess coastal Van Chai in Binh Dinh province, to analyze forms of intangible cultural heritages of current Van Chai such as regulations, tradition rituals, professional rules, cultural heritages, belief, worship of Whale (Ca Ong); analyze and explain some traditional forms of fishing villages, praticable meanings in fishery resources protection in inshore areas as well as prevervation of aquatic types in Vietnamese and international red list. Finally, some solutions to develop fishery in coastal Van Chai in Binh Dinh province have been proposed towards community management. To implement it, author has used several methods such as survey, interview, expert and inheritance together with new analyzing tools such as SWOT, relevant matrix to make issues obvious. Research results show that intangible traditional values of the Van Chai in managing fishery resources have been respective and remained the values till now. Co-management models of fishery resources have been based on the community at present. It is suggested that in near future, Binh Dinh province should learn and inherit traditional values and regulations for managing fishery resources of Van Chai. Close

• 32. [Article] Impact of Cultural Practices on the individual and Collective Economic Performances in Shellfish Farming: the Case of Oyster Farming in Baie Des Veys

  The access regulation within the shellfish farming sector in France is based on a co-management system relying on both a national legislation, defining the general access conditions to maritime public ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impact of Cultural Practices on the individual and Collective Economic Performances in Shellfish Farming: the Case of Oyster Farming in Baie Des Veys Author: Agundez, José Perez, Vornière, Jean-Philippe, Girard, Sophie, Gangnery, Aline The access regulation within the shellfish farming sector in France is based on a co-management system relying on both a national legislation, defining the general access conditions to maritime public grounds, and regional regulation systems, called “Regional Structural Schemes”. The latter specify the farming rules in cooperation with the administration, scientific and professional representatives. This regulation system, which aims at managing the common primary resources at the scale of a shellfish farming basin, is under review in the baie des Veys, on the Normandy coastline. In this context, biological modelling is used to assess the carrying capacity of the bay and to provide tools for modifying the RSS in a more sustainable way. Another objective of the study is to shift to bio-economic modelling, implying for the model to take into account extra technical and economical parameters. A specific survey has therefore been carried out for collecting detailed information on the cultural practices of the oyster farming companies, and for analysing the links with their structural characteristics and performance indicators, in terms of productivity and output. This article reviews the context of oyster farming in the baie des Veys from the environmental, socio-economic and institutional point of view. After the presentation of the methodology used for the survey, its results are analysed and a synthesis is made, leading to the identification of the main farming technical profiles. At this stage of the study, only theoretical developments on modelling are considered and outlooks in terms of collective management measures are discussed. Title: Impact of Cultural Practices on the individual and Collective Economic Performances in Shellfish Farming: the Case of Oyster Farming in Baie Des Veys Author: Agundez, José Perez, Vornière, Jean-Philippe, Girard, Sophie, Gangnery, Aline The access regulation within the shellfish farming sector in France is based on a co-management system relying on both a national legislation, defining the general access conditions to maritime public grounds, and regional regulation systems, called “Regional Structural Schemes”. The latter specify the farming rules in cooperation with the administration, scientific and professional representatives. This regulation system, which aims at managing the common primary resources at the scale of a shellfish farming basin, is under review in the baie des Veys, on the Normandy coastline. In this context, biological modelling is used to assess the carrying capacity of the bay and to provide tools for modifying the RSS in a more sustainable way. Another objective of the study is to shift to bio-economic modelling, implying for the model to take into account extra technical and economical parameters. A specific survey has therefore been carried out for collecting detailed information on the cultural practices of the oyster farming companies, and for analysing the links with their structural characteristics and performance indicators, in terms of productivity and output. This article reviews the context of oyster farming in the baie des Veys from the environmental, socio-economic and institutional point of view. After the presentation of the methodology used for the survey, its results are analysed and a synthesis is made, leading to the identification of the main farming technical profiles. At this stage of the study, only theoretical developments on modelling are considered and outlooks in terms of collective management measures are discussed. Close

• 33. [Article] Impact of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (Sps) Measures on Indian Seafood Industry: A Macro and Micro Level Analysis

  This study represents an attempt to estimate the effects of SPS measures in terms of trade elasticity of regulations and competitiveness of exports. In spite of the generalized acknowledgment of growing ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impact of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (Sps) Measures on Indian Seafood Industry: A Macro and Micro Level Analysis Author: Somasekharan, Jayasekhar This study represents an attempt to estimate the effects of SPS measures in terms of trade elasticity of regulations and competitiveness of exports. In spite of the generalized acknowledgment of growing liberalization of trade between countries, there are still numerous obstacles to trade, more of the non-tariff type. This study aims to contribute to the literature on quantifying the economic impact of health and environmental regulations expressed in the form of SPS measures on international trade in agro-food products, by taking Indian seafood exports case study. The gravity analysis, complemented with the CMS model, helped to obtain an insight into the overall dynamics of the export markets, trade flows and competitiveness of fish and fishery products (aggregate level), shrimp and cephalopods. For the regulatory variable, the maximum residue limit (MRL) on cadmium in the model is used as an independent variable. Thus, it was made much insightful in understanding the relationship between trade restrictiveness of regulatory stringency and export competitiveness of the commodities. A detailed study on micro level dynamics of Kerala seafood export sector has been carried out, particularly to understand what the industry level changes are experienced during the food safety regime The results indicate that regulations on cadmium appear to be moderately trade restrictive. At the same time results are divergent at the disaggregate level, which is significant from the point of view of policy. The most important aspect of the existing chain in Kerala seafood sector is the gradual disappearance of the independent pre processing sector which has been an important stake holder of the seafood value chain of Kerala. The pre processing node of the value chain is getting integrated to the processing sector causing a major restructuring of the existing value chain. Title: Impact of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (Sps) Measures on Indian Seafood Industry: A Macro and Micro Level Analysis Author: Somasekharan, Jayasekhar This study represents an attempt to estimate the effects of SPS measures in terms of trade elasticity of regulations and competitiveness of exports. In spite of the generalized acknowledgment of growing liberalization of trade between countries, there are still numerous obstacles to trade, more of the non-tariff type. This study aims to contribute to the literature on quantifying the economic impact of health and environmental regulations expressed in the form of SPS measures on international trade in agro-food products, by taking Indian seafood exports case study. The gravity analysis, complemented with the CMS model, helped to obtain an insight into the overall dynamics of the export markets, trade flows and competitiveness of fish and fishery products (aggregate level), shrimp and cephalopods. For the regulatory variable, the maximum residue limit (MRL) on cadmium in the model is used as an independent variable. Thus, it was made much insightful in understanding the relationship between trade restrictiveness of regulatory stringency and export competitiveness of the commodities. A detailed study on micro level dynamics of Kerala seafood export sector has been carried out, particularly to understand what the industry level changes are experienced during the food safety regime The results indicate that regulations on cadmium appear to be moderately trade restrictive. At the same time results are divergent at the disaggregate level, which is significant from the point of view of policy. The most important aspect of the existing chain in Kerala seafood sector is the gradual disappearance of the independent pre processing sector which has been an important stake holder of the seafood value chain of Kerala. The pre processing node of the value chain is getting integrated to the processing sector causing a major restructuring of the existing value chain. Close

• 34. [Article] Are Fishers Better or Worse Off from a Swordfish Fishery Closure? -- An Endogenous Switching Model for the Hawaii-based Longline Fisheries

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Are Fishers Better or Worse Off from a Swordfish Fishery Closure? -- An Endogenous Switching Model for the Hawaii-based Longline Fisheries Author: Ming, Timothy Abstract only. Title: Are Fishers Better or Worse Off from a Swordfish Fishery Closure? -- An Endogenous Switching Model for the Hawaii-based Longline Fisheries Author: Ming, Timothy Abstract only. Close

• 35. [Article] Market Interactions between Aquaculture and Common-Property Fisheries: Examining the Empirical Evidence from the Bristol Bay Sockeye Salmon Fishery in Alaska

  The impressive growth of world aquaculture has led to profound transformations in the economic structure of several capture fisheries. Evidence from the Alaska salmon fisheries supports this argument as ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Market Interactions between Aquaculture and Common-Property Fisheries: Examining the Empirical Evidence from the Bristol Bay Sockeye Salmon Fishery in Alaska Author: Valderrama, Diego, Anderson, James The impressive growth of world aquaculture has led to profound transformations in the economic structure of several capture fisheries. Evidence from the Alaska salmon fisheries supports this argument as a connection has been suggested between the recent trends of declining ex-vessel prices and the rapid development of salmon farming elsewhere in the world. In Bristol Bay, home of the largest sockeye salmon runs in the globe, participation in the limited-entry fishery has declined by approximately 20% since 2001. Likewise, permit market values have plummeted to historic low levels, with economic conditions not likely to improve significantly in the mid-term future. To examine this problem, we develop a formal analytical framework for the study of market interactions between a limited-entry fishery and an aquaculture sector. We adapt the model of regulated open-access developed by Homans and Wilen to examine the implications of aquaculture development on the actions of fishermen and the regulatory sector in a restricted-access setting. Results indicate that the emergence of a low-cost aquaculture sector brings about important structural changes in the restricted-access fishery, rendering limited-entry regulations irrelevant as participation rates decline due to the falling prices. An important implication is that, despite the limited-entry constraint, the fishery moves to an institutional arrangement closer to regulated open access, with resource rents drastically reduced. Model predictions are compared with the empirical evidence available from the Bristol Bay sockeye fishery. The advantages of cooperative management relative to the current competitive structure of the fishery are highlighted. Title: Market Interactions between Aquaculture and Common-Property Fisheries: Examining the Empirical Evidence from the Bristol Bay Sockeye Salmon Fishery in Alaska Author: Valderrama, Diego, Anderson, James The impressive growth of world aquaculture has led to profound transformations in the economic structure of several capture fisheries. Evidence from the Alaska salmon fisheries supports this argument as a connection has been suggested between the recent trends of declining ex-vessel prices and the rapid development of salmon farming elsewhere in the world. In Bristol Bay, home of the largest sockeye salmon runs in the globe, participation in the limited-entry fishery has declined by approximately 20% since 2001. Likewise, permit market values have plummeted to historic low levels, with economic conditions not likely to improve significantly in the mid-term future. To examine this problem, we develop a formal analytical framework for the study of market interactions between a limited-entry fishery and an aquaculture sector. We adapt the model of regulated open-access developed by Homans and Wilen to examine the implications of aquaculture development on the actions of fishermen and the regulatory sector in a restricted-access setting. Results indicate that the emergence of a low-cost aquaculture sector brings about important structural changes in the restricted-access fishery, rendering limited-entry regulations irrelevant as participation rates decline due to the falling prices. An important implication is that, despite the limited-entry constraint, the fishery moves to an institutional arrangement closer to regulated open access, with resource rents drastically reduced. Model predictions are compared with the empirical evidence available from the Bristol Bay sockeye fishery. The advantages of cooperative management relative to the current competitive structure of the fishery are highlighted. Close

• 36. [Article] Tradable Effort Permits: A Case Study of the Florida Spiny Lobster Trap Certificate Program

  The Florida spiny lobster trap certificate program (TCP) is one of the oldest U.S. fisheries programs involving tradable effort permits. Under the TCP, fishers must own a certificate (and pay an associated ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Tradable Effort Permits: A Case Study of the Florida Spiny Lobster Trap Certificate Program Author: Larkin, Sherry L., Milon, J. Walter Year: 2001 The Florida spiny lobster trap certificate program (TCP) is one of the oldest U.S. fisheries programs involving tradable effort permits. Under the TCP, fishers must own a certificate (and pay an associated annual fee) for each trap used. The program was created in 1992 to address overcapitalization amid growing social conflict in the fishery due to open-access regulation. Consequently, the total number of certificates (effort) is periodically reduced. However, no terminal effort level was designated so an intense debate has developed over future reductions. A bioeconomic analysis revealed that the current effort level (which is 34% below the initial level) remains approximately three times higher than even the most liberal estimate of “optimal” effort (i.e., effort that would generate the maximum economic yield). An analysis of the certificate market also indicated that prices have not approached levels reflecting the net present value of rents at the optimal effort level. These results suggest that existing regulations have failed to achieve the potentially large economic surplus that could result from optimal management. Prior to the implementation of similar programs, resource managers may want to consider lessons learned from the TCP. First, the social and political forces created by granting harvest rights tend to accentuate the problems of contracting among heterogeneous participants. Second, the fee schedule and budgetary issues can affect the structure and performance of the transfer market. Lastly, an elusive social surplus may not be a sufficient reward to overcome social, economic, and regulatory impediments to economically optimal regulation. Title: Tradable Effort Permits: A Case Study of the Florida Spiny Lobster Trap Certificate Program Author: Larkin, Sherry L., Milon, J. Walter Year: 2001 The Florida spiny lobster trap certificate program (TCP) is one of the oldest U.S. fisheries programs involving tradable effort permits. Under the TCP, fishers must own a certificate (and pay an associated annual fee) for each trap used. The program was created in 1992 to address overcapitalization amid growing social conflict in the fishery due to open-access regulation. Consequently, the total number of certificates (effort) is periodically reduced. However, no terminal effort level was designated so an intense debate has developed over future reductions. A bioeconomic analysis revealed that the current effort level (which is 34% below the initial level) remains approximately three times higher than even the most liberal estimate of “optimal” effort (i.e., effort that would generate the maximum economic yield). An analysis of the certificate market also indicated that prices have not approached levels reflecting the net present value of rents at the optimal effort level. These results suggest that existing regulations have failed to achieve the potentially large economic surplus that could result from optimal management. Prior to the implementation of similar programs, resource managers may want to consider lessons learned from the TCP. First, the social and political forces created by granting harvest rights tend to accentuate the problems of contracting among heterogeneous participants. Second, the fee schedule and budgetary issues can affect the structure and performance of the transfer market. Lastly, an elusive social surplus may not be a sufficient reward to overcome social, economic, and regulatory impediments to economically optimal regulation. Close

• 37. [Article] Impacts of MPA on Coastal Communities‚ Resource Use Behaviour: Case of Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania

  Abstract Only

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impacts of MPA on Coastal Communities‚ Resource Use Behaviour: Case of Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania Author: Mulyila, Esther Abstract Only Title: Impacts of MPA on Coastal Communities‚ Resource Use Behaviour: Case of Mafia Island Marine Park, Tanzania Author: Mulyila, Esther Abstract Only Close

• 38. [Article] Experience of vessel decommissioning in Danish fisheries

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Experience of vessel decommissioning in Danish fisheries Author: Lindebo, Erik, Vestergaard, Niels Research Paper Title: Experience of vessel decommissioning in Danish fisheries Author: Lindebo, Erik, Vestergaard, Niels Research Paper Close

• 39. [Article] The Role of Expectations in Modeling Fishing Fleet Capacity Changes

  The paper analyzes a situation in which the fishing fleet is subject to restrictive regulation regarding the harvest of its primal target species due to biological overfishing that in turn reveals a high ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Role of Expectations in Modeling Fishing Fleet Capacity Changes Author: Hutniczak, Barbara, Vestergaard, Niels The paper analyzes a situation in which the fishing fleet is subject to restrictive regulation regarding the harvest of its primal target species due to biological overfishing that in turn reveals a high level of overcapacity. The goal is to model fishermen’s expectations and likely responses to the government initiated transition to a sustainable fishery. The question the paper aims to answer is: to what degree anticipation of policy change may be delaying the fleet restructuring process. The investigated setting includes direct intervention in the form of a time‐limited buyback program and two scenarios regarding future regulations. In the first, the fishery continues under Individual Vessel Quotas (IVQs). In the second scenario, introduction of Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs) is expected in the near future. Under a rationality assumption, the exit decision depends on the expected sum of discounted profits in comparison with the single buyback payment. The profits in turn depend on expectations regarding the form of the quota that may become a valuable asset in the future. The paper uses a restricted profit function approach. The advantage of the developed model is its flexibility with respect to the multispecies and multigear character of the fishing industry. An application is provided for the Polish trawler fleet targeting primarily cod. Title: The Role of Expectations in Modeling Fishing Fleet Capacity Changes Author: Hutniczak, Barbara, Vestergaard, Niels The paper analyzes a situation in which the fishing fleet is subject to restrictive regulation regarding the harvest of its primal target species due to biological overfishing that in turn reveals a high level of overcapacity. The goal is to model fishermen’s expectations and likely responses to the government initiated transition to a sustainable fishery. The question the paper aims to answer is: to what degree anticipation of policy change may be delaying the fleet restructuring process. The investigated setting includes direct intervention in the form of a time‐limited buyback program and two scenarios regarding future regulations. In the first, the fishery continues under Individual Vessel Quotas (IVQs). In the second scenario, introduction of Individual Transferable Quotas (ITQs) is expected in the near future. Under a rationality assumption, the exit decision depends on the expected sum of discounted profits in comparison with the single buyback payment. The profits in turn depend on expectations regarding the form of the quota that may become a valuable asset in the future. The paper uses a restricted profit function approach. The advantage of the developed model is its flexibility with respect to the multispecies and multigear character of the fishing industry. An application is provided for the Polish trawler fleet targeting primarily cod. Close

• 40. [Article] Efficiency in multilevel decision making systems: A comparative analysis of Italian buyback programs

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Efficiency in multilevel decision making systems: A comparative analysis of Italian buyback programs Author: Spagnolo, Massimo Research Paper Title: Efficiency in multilevel decision making systems: A comparative analysis of Italian buyback programs Author: Spagnolo, Massimo Research Paper Close