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• 31. [Article] Food Security Through Aquaculture Development: Lessons From Bangladesh and Malawi

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Food Security Through Aquaculture Development: Lessons From Bangladesh and Malawi Author: Jahan, Khondker, Kambewa, Emma Abstract only. Title: Food Security Through Aquaculture Development: Lessons From Bangladesh and Malawi Author: Jahan, Khondker, Kambewa, Emma Abstract only. Close

• 32. [Article] Japanese Fish Demand and Price Linkage with Foreign Markets

  Japan has about 10% and 15% share for the consumption and trade of marine products respectively, and the trend has significant impacts on world markets. Thus the purpose of this article is to estimate ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Japanese Fish Demand and Price Linkage with Foreign Markets Author: Tada, Minoru Year: 2001 Japan has about 10% and 15% share for the consumption and trade of marine products respectively, and the trend has significant impacts on world markets. Thus the purpose of this article is to estimate the income elasticity of the demand, that includes all kinds of fish usage such as eating out and cooked foods as well as fresh materials for cooking in the household, and to analyze price linkages between domestic and foreign markets. As a result of estimating demand function by commodity, it was found that a) the income elasticity of demand for all usage is higher than that for household material, for many commodities, and b) tuna, bonito, salmon, left-eye flounder, sea bream, shrimp and crab show positive income elasticity. The analysis of price linkage for tuna, salmon, mackerel and shrimp showed that a) Japanese CIF price correlates with world average FOB price for salmon, implying that the prices are determined simultaneously, and b) there exist a time-lag for domestic price to be transmitted to foreign markets for tuna and frozen shrimp, though the lag is for some months. Therefore, Japanese recovery from economic recession will give rise to price hike in world markets for tuna and shrimp, for which supply potentials are worried due to the resources limitation and environmental contamination. Title: Japanese Fish Demand and Price Linkage with Foreign Markets Author: Tada, Minoru Year: 2001 Japan has about 10% and 15% share for the consumption and trade of marine products respectively, and the trend has significant impacts on world markets. Thus the purpose of this article is to estimate the income elasticity of the demand, that includes all kinds of fish usage such as eating out and cooked foods as well as fresh materials for cooking in the household, and to analyze price linkages between domestic and foreign markets. As a result of estimating demand function by commodity, it was found that a) the income elasticity of demand for all usage is higher than that for household material, for many commodities, and b) tuna, bonito, salmon, left-eye flounder, sea bream, shrimp and crab show positive income elasticity. The analysis of price linkage for tuna, salmon, mackerel and shrimp showed that a) Japanese CIF price correlates with world average FOB price for salmon, implying that the prices are determined simultaneously, and b) there exist a time-lag for domestic price to be transmitted to foreign markets for tuna and frozen shrimp, though the lag is for some months. Therefore, Japanese recovery from economic recession will give rise to price hike in world markets for tuna and shrimp, for which supply potentials are worried due to the resources limitation and environmental contamination. Close

• 33. [Article] Roles of Women in Fishery and Community Development in Japan: Through Empowerment for Women's Entrepreneurship

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Roles of Women in Fishery and Community Development in Japan: Through Empowerment for Women's Entrepreneurship Author: Soejima, Kumi, Yamao, Masahiro Research Paper Title: Roles of Women in Fishery and Community Development in Japan: Through Empowerment for Women's Entrepreneurship Author: Soejima, Kumi, Yamao, Masahiro Research Paper Close

• 34. [Article] Responsible shrimp farming in vietnam: call for promoting and strenthening community based management approaches

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Responsible shrimp farming in vietnam: call for promoting and strenthening community based management approaches Author: Nhuong, Tran Van Research Paper Title: Responsible shrimp farming in vietnam: call for promoting and strenthening community based management approaches Author: Nhuong, Tran Van Research Paper Close

• 35. [Article] Technical approaches and aquaculture development alternatives

  Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon systems covered over 22.000 ha, along coastal region from North to South of Thua Thien Hue with 70 km and more than 400.000 inhabitants are living around in lagoon systems. There ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Technical approaches and aquaculture development alternatives Author: Nguyen, Phuoc, Le, Tuan, Le Tat, Chau Uyen, Nguyen, Linh Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon systems covered over 22.000 ha, along coastal region from North to South of Thua Thien Hue with 70 km and more than 400.000 inhabitants are living around in lagoon systems. There are many livelihood activities as fishing, aquaculture and farming. Aquaculture systems are diversified: pond, net-closure in high and low tide systems and farmers and communities had to choose and select proper species and models for adaptation of the regions but they still have not successful, even they lost investment money and capital by environmental problems and uncorrected carrying capacity leading to diseases and low productions. Research results were showed the different technical approaches and aquaculture system alternatives for property aquaculture models in the regions. More than 267 aquaculture households of 15 communes in 5 districts that related to Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon were investigated and shown the figures on over 4000 ha of aquaculture water area of 33 communes: high/low tides of pond systems; cage culture in low tide systems; sandy shrimp culture system; integrated poly-culture and monoculture, while P. monodon was main species in all of systems and models. Efficiency of different alternatives were conducted in intensive of high tide was highest income, net income 100 - 700 mil. VND; semi-intensive of high tide-mono, 10 - 25 mil.; semi-intensive high tide-integrated poly-culture, 20 -40 mil.; semi-intensive-low tide-mono, 3 - 10 mil.; extensive-low tide-poly, 30 -50 mil.; marine water cage culture-poly, 25 - 35 mil., respectively. Effect of different species alternatives were on 267 households in differences, 26.99; 90.22; 221.13; 48.21, P < 0.01. The stock density and composition was conducted in differences of income and benefit for farmers, P < 0.05. Water control and management, dietary composition and feed processing, animal health management were effected on the income and benefit of aquaculture models, P < 0.01 and 0.001. Title: Technical approaches and aquaculture development alternatives Author: Nguyen, Phuoc, Le, Tuan, Le Tat, Chau Uyen, Nguyen, Linh Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon systems covered over 22.000 ha, along coastal region from North to South of Thua Thien Hue with 70 km and more than 400.000 inhabitants are living around in lagoon systems. There are many livelihood activities as fishing, aquaculture and farming. Aquaculture systems are diversified: pond, net-closure in high and low tide systems and farmers and communities had to choose and select proper species and models for adaptation of the regions but they still have not successful, even they lost investment money and capital by environmental problems and uncorrected carrying capacity leading to diseases and low productions. Research results were showed the different technical approaches and aquaculture system alternatives for property aquaculture models in the regions. More than 267 aquaculture households of 15 communes in 5 districts that related to Tam Giang - Cau Hai lagoon were investigated and shown the figures on over 4000 ha of aquaculture water area of 33 communes: high/low tides of pond systems; cage culture in low tide systems; sandy shrimp culture system; integrated poly-culture and monoculture, while P. monodon was main species in all of systems and models. Efficiency of different alternatives were conducted in intensive of high tide was highest income, net income 100 - 700 mil. VND; semi-intensive of high tide-mono, 10 - 25 mil.; semi-intensive high tide-integrated poly-culture, 20 -40 mil.; semi-intensive-low tide-mono, 3 - 10 mil.; extensive-low tide-poly, 30 -50 mil.; marine water cage culture-poly, 25 - 35 mil., respectively. Effect of different species alternatives were on 267 households in differences, 26.99; 90.22; 221.13; 48.21, P < 0.01. The stock density and composition was conducted in differences of income and benefit for farmers, P < 0.05. Water control and management, dietary composition and feed processing, animal health management were effected on the income and benefit of aquaculture models, P < 0.01 and 0.001. Close

• 36. [Article] Socio-economic Status of the Post-Tsunami Cage Aquaculture Farmers along Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand

  This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Socio-economic Status of the Post-Tsunami Cage Aquaculture Farmers along Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand Author: Songrak, Apirak, Sangchan, Suchat, Tanyaros, Suwat, Anantasuk, Rattanaporn This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized on the enhancement of the livelihood of the farmers. Data was collected by interviewing 164 farmers, who reside in the affected-tsunami areas. The study showed that a large number of farmers were engaged in fish cage culture and small-scale fisheries as main occupations. However, the income from these economic activities could not provide enough for their basic expense, this caused by the effects of tsunami on cage culture. Therefore many farmers have to work as labors. A Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Program since year 2005 has been trying to help and support farmers a fund to improve the materials of aquacultural cages and fishing gears. The analyses showed that the quality and quantity of equipment, seeds and feeds invested in aquaculture farms were increased (P<0.01) comparison to pre-recovery period. Importantly, the farm area, growth rate, amount of product and revenue were improved (P<0.05) during the post-tsunami rehabilitation period. Additionally, the area and quality of house, household consumption, household infrastructures, health care and education were also improved (P<0.01). The satisfaction of farmers regard to the recovery programs was quite high (WAI=3.88). However, their expectation was to have more support of fund and knowledge/technology transfer. In this study, we also found that the knowledge on fish marketing and culture techniques were poor. Lack of alternative income generation would threat on cage culture and small-scale fisheries. Henceforth, the rehabilitation program should be more paid attention on these findings. Capacity building for community strengthening was also important for sustainable post-tsunami aquaculture and small-scale fisheries in this area. Title: Socio-economic Status of the Post-Tsunami Cage Aquaculture Farmers along Andaman Sea Coast, Thailand Author: Songrak, Apirak, Sangchan, Suchat, Tanyaros, Suwat, Anantasuk, Rattanaporn This study focused on analysis of the influences of the Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Programs on the socio-economic status of cage aquaculture farmers along Andaman sea coast, Thailand. The study also emphasized on the enhancement of the livelihood of the farmers. Data was collected by interviewing 164 farmers, who reside in the affected-tsunami areas. The study showed that a large number of farmers were engaged in fish cage culture and small-scale fisheries as main occupations. However, the income from these economic activities could not provide enough for their basic expense, this caused by the effects of tsunami on cage culture. Therefore many farmers have to work as labors. A Post-Tsunami Rehabilitation Program since year 2005 has been trying to help and support farmers a fund to improve the materials of aquacultural cages and fishing gears. The analyses showed that the quality and quantity of equipment, seeds and feeds invested in aquaculture farms were increased (P<0.01) comparison to pre-recovery period. Importantly, the farm area, growth rate, amount of product and revenue were improved (P<0.05) during the post-tsunami rehabilitation period. Additionally, the area and quality of house, household consumption, household infrastructures, health care and education were also improved (P<0.01). The satisfaction of farmers regard to the recovery programs was quite high (WAI=3.88). However, their expectation was to have more support of fund and knowledge/technology transfer. In this study, we also found that the knowledge on fish marketing and culture techniques were poor. Lack of alternative income generation would threat on cage culture and small-scale fisheries. Henceforth, the rehabilitation program should be more paid attention on these findings. Capacity building for community strengthening was also important for sustainable post-tsunami aquaculture and small-scale fisheries in this area. Close

• 37. [Article] An Examination of Productivity Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Alleviating Household Poverty: Estimation and Policy Implications from Nigeria

  This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An Examination of Productivity Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Alleviating Household Poverty: Estimation and Policy Implications from Nigeria Author: Ogundari, Kolawole This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result shows that, all the sampled farms were able to cover their total operating expenses with an average GM > 200,000 naira per annum. The assessed parameters of resource use-efficiency of the farms with stochastic frontier models (SFM) revealed that, elasticities of inputs, such as: pond size, feeds, fingerlings, and other costs were significantly different from zero. While returns to scale of 1.16 obtained from the analysis suggests that, an average farm from the study, exhibits increasing returns to scale. The estimated efficiency score revealed a significant level of inefficiency with an average technical efficiency of about 81%. This suggests that about 19% potential yield are forgone due to inefficiency from the study. The result of sources of technical efficiency shows that; extension, education, stocking density, and credit significantly influenced efficiency of the farms. Similarly, the result of the simulated marginal effects of the inefficiency variables shows that, extension has the highest marginal effects on the efficiency score follows by credit, education, and stocking density. The implications of these findings, therefore, suggest that, aquaculture will provide potential channel of income generation for households in the country considering the size of the profit obtained from the analysis. However, as matter of policy concern, extension with the highest simulated marginal effects on the efficiency score is expected to generate a large increase in the overall performance of the sector if strengthen for sustainable fish production in Nigeria. Title: An Examination of Productivity Potential of Aquaculture Farms in Alleviating Household Poverty: Estimation and Policy Implications from Nigeria Author: Ogundari, Kolawole This study examines income generation potential and resource- use efficiency of aquaculture farms in Nigeria. A total of 120 aquaculture farms were sampled. Using gross margin (GM) analysis, the result shows that, all the sampled farms were able to cover their total operating expenses with an average GM > 200,000 naira per annum. The assessed parameters of resource use-efficiency of the farms with stochastic frontier models (SFM) revealed that, elasticities of inputs, such as: pond size, feeds, fingerlings, and other costs were significantly different from zero. While returns to scale of 1.16 obtained from the analysis suggests that, an average farm from the study, exhibits increasing returns to scale. The estimated efficiency score revealed a significant level of inefficiency with an average technical efficiency of about 81%. This suggests that about 19% potential yield are forgone due to inefficiency from the study. The result of sources of technical efficiency shows that; extension, education, stocking density, and credit significantly influenced efficiency of the farms. Similarly, the result of the simulated marginal effects of the inefficiency variables shows that, extension has the highest marginal effects on the efficiency score follows by credit, education, and stocking density. The implications of these findings, therefore, suggest that, aquaculture will provide potential channel of income generation for households in the country considering the size of the profit obtained from the analysis. However, as matter of policy concern, extension with the highest simulated marginal effects on the efficiency score is expected to generate a large increase in the overall performance of the sector if strengthen for sustainable fish production in Nigeria. Close

• 38. [Article] Enhancing Smallholder Household income Through Aquaculture: the Case of Chingale Area in Southern Malawi

  No poster available.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Enhancing Smallholder Household income Through Aquaculture: the Case of Chingale Area in Southern Malawi Author: Nagoli, Joseph, Kambewa, Emma No poster available. Title: Enhancing Smallholder Household income Through Aquaculture: the Case of Chingale Area in Southern Malawi Author: Nagoli, Joseph, Kambewa, Emma No poster available. Close

• 39. [Article] Livelihood Strategies of African Floodplain Fishers Under Hydro- Climatic Changes

  No poster available.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Livelihood Strategies of African Floodplain Fishers Under Hydro- Climatic Changes Author: Sinaba, Famory, Lemoalle, Jacques, Kodio, Amaga, Pierre, Morand No poster available. Title: Livelihood Strategies of African Floodplain Fishers Under Hydro- Climatic Changes Author: Sinaba, Famory, Lemoalle, Jacques, Kodio, Amaga, Pierre, Morand No poster available. Close

• 40. [Article] Impacts of Aquaculture Extension on Pond Operators and the Rural Community

  In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Impacts of Aquaculture Extension on Pond Operators and the Rural Community Author: Sultana, Parvin, Khan, Akm Firoz, Thompson, Paul M., Nuruzzaman, Md. Year: 2001 In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets were assessed in 1998-1999. The percentage of ponds stocked increased from 1990 to 1998, but did not differ significantly between past participants (increased from 61% to 90%), neighboring pond operators or a control area. In 1992 participants produced 2 t/ha compared with 0.5 t/ha in 1990. In 1997-1998 the previous participants produced significantly more 2.2 t/ha, compared with 1.6 t/ha for other pond operators in Kapasia and 1.3 t/ha in the control area (p<0.001, t-test). Non-participants learnt of aquaculture from neighbors or mass media. Total production from ponds in the project area in 1998 was 4.2 times greater than in 1990. Without that project, production would probably have gradually increased 2.8 times. Local fish markets were surveyed in 1991 and 1999. The volume of fish traded increased 8 times. Carp from local ponds now dominate trade. Consequently the real price of carp has fallen, while that of indigenous fish has increased. Detailed participatory monitoring revealed much higher fish consumption than recall data. Pond owning households consumed 211 kg per household in 1998-1999 (just under 90 g/person/day), about 25% came from their own ponds. Small fish purchased or caught in flooded fields were mainly consumed, pond fish were sold for income. Title: Impacts of Aquaculture Extension on Pond Operators and the Rural Community Author: Sultana, Parvin, Khan, Akm Firoz, Thompson, Paul M., Nuruzzaman, Md. Year: 2001 In 1990-1993 in Kapasia sub-district in central Bangladesh ICLARM introduced low-input aquaculture for pond owners to adapt into their farming systems. Impacts on production, fish consumption and markets were assessed in 1998-1999. The percentage of ponds stocked increased from 1990 to 1998, but did not differ significantly between past participants (increased from 61% to 90%), neighboring pond operators or a control area. In 1992 participants produced 2 t/ha compared with 0.5 t/ha in 1990. In 1997-1998 the previous participants produced significantly more 2.2 t/ha, compared with 1.6 t/ha for other pond operators in Kapasia and 1.3 t/ha in the control area (p<0.001, t-test). Non-participants learnt of aquaculture from neighbors or mass media. Total production from ponds in the project area in 1998 was 4.2 times greater than in 1990. Without that project, production would probably have gradually increased 2.8 times. Local fish markets were surveyed in 1991 and 1999. The volume of fish traded increased 8 times. Carp from local ponds now dominate trade. Consequently the real price of carp has fallen, while that of indigenous fish has increased. Detailed participatory monitoring revealed much higher fish consumption than recall data. Pond owning households consumed 211 kg per household in 1998-1999 (just under 90 g/person/day), about 25% came from their own ponds. Small fish purchased or caught in flooded fields were mainly consumed, pond fish were sold for income. Close