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• 1. [Article] Why and When Joint 'Exploitation-Ecosystem Dynamics' Models Should be Used

  Fisheries models are generally built to assess the dynamics of a resource with a given fishing mortality which level can be decided by some “decision maker” and/or which can be an observed process, e.g. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Why and When Joint 'Exploitation-Ecosystem Dynamics' Models Should be Used Author: Laloë, Francis Fisheries models are generally built to assess the dynamics of a resource with a given fishing mortality which level can be decided by some “decision maker” and/or which can be an observed process, e.g. times series proportional to some observed values of fishing effort. In these cases, the resource dynamics is represented “conditionally to” fishing mortality. This mortality must be therefore primarily defined in reference to the definition of the resource Such models can be used to make stock assessment from historical data and to find which fishing mortality values could lead to some objective that can be some optimal or acceptable situation. If the values of fishing mortality can be decided by some unique institution, this knowledge of “best or acceptable mortality values” is of great interest for decision support. If not, it becomes insufficient to identify which decision of which institution could lead to obtain some given set of fishing mortalities. This situation may arise if there is a high number of fishing units belonging to various fishing fleets that may decide to generate fishing mortalities distributions among several available possibilities, according to their own interest. Examples of such problems will be presented from a Senegalese case study where several fishing fleets harvest on a common multispecies resource. Some other examples will be given from case studies identified in the context of the program ECOST with the development of a generic model which represents the joint dynamics of fishing activity and resource. Title: Why and When Joint 'Exploitation-Ecosystem Dynamics' Models Should be Used Author: Laloë, Francis Fisheries models are generally built to assess the dynamics of a resource with a given fishing mortality which level can be decided by some “decision maker” and/or which can be an observed process, e.g. times series proportional to some observed values of fishing effort. In these cases, the resource dynamics is represented “conditionally to” fishing mortality. This mortality must be therefore primarily defined in reference to the definition of the resource Such models can be used to make stock assessment from historical data and to find which fishing mortality values could lead to some objective that can be some optimal or acceptable situation. If the values of fishing mortality can be decided by some unique institution, this knowledge of “best or acceptable mortality values” is of great interest for decision support. If not, it becomes insufficient to identify which decision of which institution could lead to obtain some given set of fishing mortalities. This situation may arise if there is a high number of fishing units belonging to various fishing fleets that may decide to generate fishing mortalities distributions among several available possibilities, according to their own interest. Examples of such problems will be presented from a Senegalese case study where several fishing fleets harvest on a common multispecies resource. Some other examples will be given from case studies identified in the context of the program ECOST with the development of a generic model which represents the joint dynamics of fishing activity and resource. Close

• 2. [Article] Production Efficiency of the Tuna fleet of Azores and Madeira: a technical and strategic analysis

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Production Efficiency of the Tuna fleet of Azores and Madeira: a technical and strategic analysis Author: Dias, Joao, Mendonca, Marta Abstract only. Title: Production Efficiency of the Tuna fleet of Azores and Madeira: a technical and strategic analysis Author: Dias, Joao, Mendonca, Marta Abstract only. Close

• 3. [Article] Capture-based aquaculture - sustainable value adding to capture fisheries?

  Capture-based aquaculture (CBA) is an industry that utilizes wild-captured specimens as stocking animals for ongrowing or storage. This yields an intriguing direct link between capture fisheries and aquaculture ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Capture-based aquaculture - sustainable value adding to capture fisheries? Author: Dreyer, Bent, Hermansen, Oystein Capture-based aquaculture (CBA) is an industry that utilizes wild-captured specimens as stocking animals for ongrowing or storage. This yields an intriguing direct link between capture fisheries and aquaculture of these resources. Examples of CBA are collection of early life stages of many crustaceans and adolescent tunas for grow-out in aquaculture systems. Cod CBA competes with capture fisheries and closed-cycle aquaculture. This paper discusses value adding properties of these in order to evaluate the relative costs and value positions according to the Hunt and Morgan (1995) competitiveness matrix. CBA on cod is found to be in a superior value position and at a cost disadvantage. Advantages primarily stem from a quantitatively high yield, ability to supply during the lean season and large fish for sale. Higher capture, farming and slaughter costs are negative factors. Capture of juveniles for CBA imposes an externality on the capture fishery. When evaluating potential or ongoing CBA operations, this has to be taken into account. For cod CBA, this is internalized as cod for stocking has to be caught within regular quotas. Attention from economics and resource management research is scarce, as we find only one study that calculates the economic benefits from alternative uses of juveniles. FAO have proposed strict criteria for CBA evaluation. Our findings indicate that CBA can be economically preferable, even if not satisfying these criteria. Title: Capture-based aquaculture - sustainable value adding to capture fisheries? Author: Dreyer, Bent, Hermansen, Oystein Capture-based aquaculture (CBA) is an industry that utilizes wild-captured specimens as stocking animals for ongrowing or storage. This yields an intriguing direct link between capture fisheries and aquaculture of these resources. Examples of CBA are collection of early life stages of many crustaceans and adolescent tunas for grow-out in aquaculture systems. Cod CBA competes with capture fisheries and closed-cycle aquaculture. This paper discusses value adding properties of these in order to evaluate the relative costs and value positions according to the Hunt and Morgan (1995) competitiveness matrix. CBA on cod is found to be in a superior value position and at a cost disadvantage. Advantages primarily stem from a quantitatively high yield, ability to supply during the lean season and large fish for sale. Higher capture, farming and slaughter costs are negative factors. Capture of juveniles for CBA imposes an externality on the capture fishery. When evaluating potential or ongoing CBA operations, this has to be taken into account. For cod CBA, this is internalized as cod for stocking has to be caught within regular quotas. Attention from economics and resource management research is scarce, as we find only one study that calculates the economic benefits from alternative uses of juveniles. FAO have proposed strict criteria for CBA evaluation. Our findings indicate that CBA can be economically preferable, even if not satisfying these criteria. Close

• 4. [Article] Market Power and the European Tuna Oligopsony: Implications for Fisheries and Trade

  Some recent studies have shown the outstanding price linkages at the global scale between the cannery-grade tuna markets over the last decade. When it comes to price transmission along the European value ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Market Power and the European Tuna Oligopsony: Implications for Fisheries and Trade Author: Mongruel, Rémi, Jiménez-Toribio, Ramon, Guillotreau, Patrice Some recent studies have shown the outstanding price linkages at the global scale between the cannery-grade tuna markets over the last decade. When it comes to price transmission along the European value chains, opposite results between the two major species (skipjack and yellowfin) are found: the market for final goods is actually segmented between the northern European countries consuming low-priced skipjack imported from Asia and the southern countries producing and importing yellowfin sold on their domestic markets at higher prices. If the former market is supposedly competitive, there is more suspicion of market power exercised on the latter. Through a structural and dynamic I.O. model already tested for other species in previous research, this paper explores the possible existence of market power exercised either by processors on the one hand (canned tuna sold in France) and/or by retailers on the other (French supermarkets). Some explanations are given in terms of industrial concentration for both processing and retailing industries and the marketing organisation itself. The high level of trade barriers protecting the European industry may also serve as a determining factor. Title: Market Power and the European Tuna Oligopsony: Implications for Fisheries and Trade Author: Mongruel, Rémi, Jiménez-Toribio, Ramon, Guillotreau, Patrice Some recent studies have shown the outstanding price linkages at the global scale between the cannery-grade tuna markets over the last decade. When it comes to price transmission along the European value chains, opposite results between the two major species (skipjack and yellowfin) are found: the market for final goods is actually segmented between the northern European countries consuming low-priced skipjack imported from Asia and the southern countries producing and importing yellowfin sold on their domestic markets at higher prices. If the former market is supposedly competitive, there is more suspicion of market power exercised on the latter. Through a structural and dynamic I.O. model already tested for other species in previous research, this paper explores the possible existence of market power exercised either by processors on the one hand (canned tuna sold in France) and/or by retailers on the other (French supermarkets). Some explanations are given in terms of industrial concentration for both processing and retailing industries and the marketing organisation itself. The high level of trade barriers protecting the European industry may also serve as a determining factor. Close

• 5. [Article] Dismantling the Battlelines : Reducing Commercial and Recreational Fisheries Conflict in New Zealand

  Conflict between the recreational and commercial sectors in New Zealand is largely limited to the fishery within the Territorial Sea. Although most of New Zealand’s fisheries’ value comes from mid to deep ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Dismantling the Battlelines : Reducing Commercial and Recreational Fisheries Conflict in New Zealand Author: Walshe, Kim Conflict between the recreational and commercial sectors in New Zealand is largely limited to the fishery within the Territorial Sea. Although most of New Zealand’s fisheries’ value comes from mid to deep water stocks outside the Territorial Sea, there are a number of commercially valuable inshore fisheries. Traditionally, conflict between the two sectors has been resolved through spatial management tools. However since the introduction of individual transferable quotas in the commercial sector (1986), conflict between the sectors has increasingly shifted towards disputes over allocation of the Total Allowable Catch. The Fisheries Act 1996 current allocation process is discussed along with several cases where the High Court has provided advice on the allocation process The contrasting positions of the two sectors towards such an allocation process are discussed. Allocations would be difficult to define because the precision of recreational catch estimates is low, and secondly because there is no common basis for determining the relative value of the two fisheries. To provide a framework for understanding the nature of the New Zealand recreational and commercial fishery, the two sectors are compared using three characteristics; governance, institutions, and rights. The paper concludes with some principles which may provide guidance on reducing conflict between the two sectors. Title: Dismantling the Battlelines : Reducing Commercial and Recreational Fisheries Conflict in New Zealand Author: Walshe, Kim Conflict between the recreational and commercial sectors in New Zealand is largely limited to the fishery within the Territorial Sea. Although most of New Zealand’s fisheries’ value comes from mid to deep water stocks outside the Territorial Sea, there are a number of commercially valuable inshore fisheries. Traditionally, conflict between the two sectors has been resolved through spatial management tools. However since the introduction of individual transferable quotas in the commercial sector (1986), conflict between the sectors has increasingly shifted towards disputes over allocation of the Total Allowable Catch. The Fisheries Act 1996 current allocation process is discussed along with several cases where the High Court has provided advice on the allocation process The contrasting positions of the two sectors towards such an allocation process are discussed. Allocations would be difficult to define because the precision of recreational catch estimates is low, and secondly because there is no common basis for determining the relative value of the two fisheries. To provide a framework for understanding the nature of the New Zealand recreational and commercial fishery, the two sectors are compared using three characteristics; governance, institutions, and rights. The paper concludes with some principles which may provide guidance on reducing conflict between the two sectors. Close

• 6. [Article] Fishermen and Distribution System in the Fishing Sector of the South Central Vietnam

  In the past several years, the fishing sector of the South Central Vietnam have been developing sharply, generating over 226 thousands employments. The sector has contributed a share of approximately 70% ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fishermen and Distribution System in the Fishing Sector of the South Central Vietnam Author: Dung, Phan Thi In the past several years, the fishing sector of the South Central Vietnam have been developing sharply, generating over 226 thousands employments. The sector has contributed a share of approximately 70% to the production value of the fisheries nationwide. The primary aim of this research paper is to assess the factual status of labour and income distribution pattern in fishing activities through some aspects: quantity of labors, education levels of fishermen and skippers, and income distribution methods. The results show the most of households in the fisheries are large in size, and the average income of fishermen is high but they almost live in difficult situations. As a result, their life has been dependent on fishing activities, and educational levels remain to be low. Research results are expected to provide policy-makers with useful information regarding development orientations, specially relevant to eliminating hunger and reducing poverty. Title: Fishermen and Distribution System in the Fishing Sector of the South Central Vietnam Author: Dung, Phan Thi In the past several years, the fishing sector of the South Central Vietnam have been developing sharply, generating over 226 thousands employments. The sector has contributed a share of approximately 70% to the production value of the fisheries nationwide. The primary aim of this research paper is to assess the factual status of labour and income distribution pattern in fishing activities through some aspects: quantity of labors, education levels of fishermen and skippers, and income distribution methods. The results show the most of households in the fisheries are large in size, and the average income of fishermen is high but they almost live in difficult situations. As a result, their life has been dependent on fishing activities, and educational levels remain to be low. Research results are expected to provide policy-makers with useful information regarding development orientations, specially relevant to eliminating hunger and reducing poverty. Close

• 7. [Article] Several Major Factors Influencing Revenues of the Yellowfin Tuna Long-lining Fishery in Phu Yen Province

  Vietnam is in the club of countries gifted with the long coastal line, and strong in marine features accordingly. Fishing operations are artisan characteristic and the management method is primarily open ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Several Major Factors Influencing Revenues of the Yellowfin Tuna Long-lining Fishery in Phu Yen Province Author: Phan, Thi Dung Vietnam is in the club of countries gifted with the long coastal line, and strong in marine features accordingly. Fishing operations are artisan characteristic and the management method is primarily open – access. Since the past few years, the yellow fin tuna long- lining fishery has become one sub-sector experiencing high growth rate in the region of South Centre of Vietnam. Phu Yen Province has been a special case in point. Fishers there have invested much capital into developing these ventures that culminates in the sharp increase of vessel numbers, total catch and therefore revenue. This paper is to look into some factors namely engine power (capacity), fishers, production organizations, equipment values, vessel age, baits, education level of skippers, which together impact revenues of the long-lining fishery in Phu Yen Province. Results of the model under examination are statistically significant. Generally, the research findings are consistent to those previously inferred in international papers. Based on this research, some orientations for management have been suggested. Title: Several Major Factors Influencing Revenues of the Yellowfin Tuna Long-lining Fishery in Phu Yen Province Author: Phan, Thi Dung Vietnam is in the club of countries gifted with the long coastal line, and strong in marine features accordingly. Fishing operations are artisan characteristic and the management method is primarily open – access. Since the past few years, the yellow fin tuna long- lining fishery has become one sub-sector experiencing high growth rate in the region of South Centre of Vietnam. Phu Yen Province has been a special case in point. Fishers there have invested much capital into developing these ventures that culminates in the sharp increase of vessel numbers, total catch and therefore revenue. This paper is to look into some factors namely engine power (capacity), fishers, production organizations, equipment values, vessel age, baits, education level of skippers, which together impact revenues of the long-lining fishery in Phu Yen Province. Results of the model under examination are statistically significant. Generally, the research findings are consistent to those previously inferred in international papers. Based on this research, some orientations for management have been suggested. Close

• 8. [Article] Environmental Tradeoffs Between Aquaculture and Capture Fisheries

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Environmental Tradeoffs Between Aquaculture and Capture Fisheries Author: Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin, Wada, Nikolas, Delgado, Christopher Research Paper Title: Environmental Tradeoffs Between Aquaculture and Capture Fisheries Author: Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin, Wada, Nikolas, Delgado, Christopher Research Paper Close

• 9. [Article] Investment and capital dynamics under long-term changes in marine fish communities: the case of French fleets exploiting the Bay of Biscay fisheries

  Abstract only.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Investment and capital dynamics under long-term changes in marine fish communities: the case of French fleets exploiting the Bay of Biscay fisheries Author: Matei, Iuliana, Le Floc'h, Pascal, Van Iseghem, Sylvie, Thébaud, Olivier, Jezequel, Michèle Abstract only. Title: Investment and capital dynamics under long-term changes in marine fish communities: the case of French fleets exploiting the Bay of Biscay fisheries Author: Matei, Iuliana, Le Floc'h, Pascal, Van Iseghem, Sylvie, Thébaud, Olivier, Jezequel, Michèle Abstract only. Close

• 10. [Article] Challenges against Fisheries Sustainable Development Khanh Hoa Fisheries Industry in Focus

  Khanh Hoa, featured by advantageous conditions from both nature and humans, has long enjoyed great potentials for fisheries development. The most immediate evidence can be cited is that the fisheries industry made ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Challenges against Fisheries Sustainable Development Khanh Hoa Fisheries Industry in Focus Author: Tram, Anh Thi Nguyen Khanh Hoa, featured by advantageous conditions from both nature and humans, has long enjoyed great potentials for fisheries development. The most immediate evidence can be cited is that the fisheries industry made significant contributions to the local economic growth during the recent period of 2001- 2006, and impressive figures in various aspects were accordingly recorded. Simply put, economically, fisheries export turnover was responsible for more than a half of the total export value of the province. Socially, the industry generated jobs of various forms for over 60.000 people, enabling life quality of a sizeable portion of population become better off. Despite positive impacts created from development, the fisheries have been confronting immense challenges in both production and non-production operations, namely: coastal resources have exhibited signs of being shrunken; destructive fishing methods have been still prevalently practiced; natural habitats have edged towards degradation while the social environment unavoidably suffered. These challenges from the production sector seem to be more complicated as a consequence of high reliance of fisher’s livelihood on fishing. To the similar extent, in non-production areas, post-harvest loss, ineffective marketing mechanisms, and underperformed fishing fleets have been frequently observed. Through extensive research, factors behind these challenges will be discussed and recommendations for change be proposed as a broad orientation to fisheries management in Khanh Hoa Province. The line of reasoning is made ultimately for sustainable development. Title: Challenges against Fisheries Sustainable Development Khanh Hoa Fisheries Industry in Focus Author: Tram, Anh Thi Nguyen Khanh Hoa, featured by advantageous conditions from both nature and humans, has long enjoyed great potentials for fisheries development. The most immediate evidence can be cited is that the fisheries industry made significant contributions to the local economic growth during the recent period of 2001- 2006, and impressive figures in various aspects were accordingly recorded. Simply put, economically, fisheries export turnover was responsible for more than a half of the total export value of the province. Socially, the industry generated jobs of various forms for over 60.000 people, enabling life quality of a sizeable portion of population become better off. Despite positive impacts created from development, the fisheries have been confronting immense challenges in both production and non-production operations, namely: coastal resources have exhibited signs of being shrunken; destructive fishing methods have been still prevalently practiced; natural habitats have edged towards degradation while the social environment unavoidably suffered. These challenges from the production sector seem to be more complicated as a consequence of high reliance of fisher’s livelihood on fishing. To the similar extent, in non-production areas, post-harvest loss, ineffective marketing mechanisms, and underperformed fishing fleets have been frequently observed. Through extensive research, factors behind these challenges will be discussed and recommendations for change be proposed as a broad orientation to fisheries management in Khanh Hoa Province. The line of reasoning is made ultimately for sustainable development. Close