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• 21. [Article] Trade in Fishing Services

  Almost one half of the EEZs of the world are subject to so-called foreign fishing arrangements (FFAs), in which foreign fishing states (distant water fishing states in particular) gain access to EEZs under ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Trade in Fishing Services Author: Cunningham, Steve, Munro, Gordon Almost one half of the EEZs of the world are subject to so-called foreign fishing arrangements (FFAs), in which foreign fishing states (distant water fishing states in particular) gain access to EEZs under access arrangements with the relevant coastal states. The FFAs may take the form of “fee fishing” arrangements, joint ventures or charter arrangements. The World Bank undertook a project on FFAs, with particular reference to developing coastal states and launched the resultant project report in December 2014. The report includes a set of case studies, an important one of which is focused on the Bering Sea Pollock fishery. This paper presents an overview of the key findings of the report, including the legal obligations of coastal states concerning FFAs, and the conditions under which the rational coastal state will, or will not, welcome such arrangements. It is argued that coastal states entering into FFAs are properly to be seen as importing harvesting and/or processing and/or marketing services – hence the title of the report: Trade in Fishing Services. Trade in these services, it is argued, constitutes an important, but hitherto largely ignored, component of fisheries international trade. The economics required for the study of FFAs is thus a blend of fisheries economics, international economics, along with principal-agent analysis. Title: Trade in Fishing Services Author: Cunningham, Steve, Munro, Gordon Almost one half of the EEZs of the world are subject to so-called foreign fishing arrangements (FFAs), in which foreign fishing states (distant water fishing states in particular) gain access to EEZs under access arrangements with the relevant coastal states. The FFAs may take the form of “fee fishing” arrangements, joint ventures or charter arrangements. The World Bank undertook a project on FFAs, with particular reference to developing coastal states and launched the resultant project report in December 2014. The report includes a set of case studies, an important one of which is focused on the Bering Sea Pollock fishery. This paper presents an overview of the key findings of the report, including the legal obligations of coastal states concerning FFAs, and the conditions under which the rational coastal state will, or will not, welcome such arrangements. It is argued that coastal states entering into FFAs are properly to be seen as importing harvesting and/or processing and/or marketing services – hence the title of the report: Trade in Fishing Services. Trade in these services, it is argued, constitutes an important, but hitherto largely ignored, component of fisheries international trade. The economics required for the study of FFAs is thus a blend of fisheries economics, international economics, along with principal-agent analysis. Close

• 22. [Article] Unintended Consequences of a Ban on Illegal Fishing Gear: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Tanzania

  Overfishing and the destruction of small-scale fisheries in developing countries — particularly through the use of illegal fishing gear — is a pressing issue. Policymakers and local community leaders often ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Unintended Consequences of a Ban on Illegal Fishing Gear: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Tanzania Author: Stopnitsky, Yaniv, MacColl, Spencer, Reimer, Matt Overfishing and the destruction of small-scale fisheries in developing countries — particularly through the use of illegal fishing gear — is a pressing issue. Policymakers and local community leaders often suggest fines and enforcement mechanisms to reduce the use of illegal fishing; however, the response of fishery participants to “bans” on illegal fishing are not well understood, particularly in small-scale fisheries where fishing commons are often governed by local and informal institutions. We use a unique field experiment conducted with local fishers throughout several fishing communities in Tanzania to determine the effect of a hypothetical ban on illegal fishing gear on cooperative fishing behavior. In our experiment, players participate in a dynamic common-pool resource game whereby a group of players “harvest” from a communal bucket of beans. Players have the option of secretively choosing to use illegal harvesting gear, thereby doubling their harvest in a round. In the treatment arm, illegal gear use may be detected and punished by the group; in contrast, there is no threat of being caught or punished in the control arm. We show that the enforcement mechanism actually hurts cooperative fishing behavior as players shift from cooperative harvest strategies to more destructive ones, causing the commons to be depleted faster. One possible explanation is that the ban and subsequent enforcement mechanism crowded out fishers attitudes to sustain the resource for future rounds in the game. The fishers may have been more focused on not using illegal fishing gear than they were with sustaining the resource. Title: Unintended Consequences of a Ban on Illegal Fishing Gear: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Tanzania Author: Stopnitsky, Yaniv, MacColl, Spencer, Reimer, Matt Overfishing and the destruction of small-scale fisheries in developing countries — particularly through the use of illegal fishing gear — is a pressing issue. Policymakers and local community leaders often suggest fines and enforcement mechanisms to reduce the use of illegal fishing; however, the response of fishery participants to “bans” on illegal fishing are not well understood, particularly in small-scale fisheries where fishing commons are often governed by local and informal institutions. We use a unique field experiment conducted with local fishers throughout several fishing communities in Tanzania to determine the effect of a hypothetical ban on illegal fishing gear on cooperative fishing behavior. In our experiment, players participate in a dynamic common-pool resource game whereby a group of players “harvest” from a communal bucket of beans. Players have the option of secretively choosing to use illegal harvesting gear, thereby doubling their harvest in a round. In the treatment arm, illegal gear use may be detected and punished by the group; in contrast, there is no threat of being caught or punished in the control arm. We show that the enforcement mechanism actually hurts cooperative fishing behavior as players shift from cooperative harvest strategies to more destructive ones, causing the commons to be depleted faster. One possible explanation is that the ban and subsequent enforcement mechanism crowded out fishers attitudes to sustain the resource for future rounds in the game. The fishers may have been more focused on not using illegal fishing gear than they were with sustaining the resource. Close

• 23. [Article] Wetland ecosystem-a study on fish-aquatic food crops diversity for enhancing productivity and economic stability for fish-farm families in Indian subtropics

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Wetland ecosystem-a study on fish-aquatic food crops diversity for enhancing productivity and economic stability for fish-farm families in Indian subtropics Author: Das, Dilip Kumar, Sarkar, Pranab Kumar, Puste, Anandamoy Research Paper Title: Wetland ecosystem-a study on fish-aquatic food crops diversity for enhancing productivity and economic stability for fish-farm families in Indian subtropics Author: Das, Dilip Kumar, Sarkar, Pranab Kumar, Puste, Anandamoy Research Paper Close

• 24. [Article] Roles of Women in Fishery and Community Development in Japan: Through Empowerment for Women's Entrepreneurship

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Roles of Women in Fishery and Community Development in Japan: Through Empowerment for Women's Entrepreneurship Author: Soejima, Kumi, Yamao, Masahiro Research Paper Title: Roles of Women in Fishery and Community Development in Japan: Through Empowerment for Women's Entrepreneurship Author: Soejima, Kumi, Yamao, Masahiro Research Paper Close

• 25. [Article] Hagfish needs the new paradigm of Japan's domestic fisheries management

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Hagfish needs the new paradigm of Japan's domestic fisheries management Author: Kameda, Kazuhiko, Nishida, Akari Research Paper Title: Hagfish needs the new paradigm of Japan's domestic fisheries management Author: Kameda, Kazuhiko, Nishida, Akari Research Paper Close

• 26. [Article] Socio-economic Impact of Freshwater Pond Fish Farming in Rural Bangladesh

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Socio-economic Impact of Freshwater Pond Fish Farming in Rural Bangladesh Author: Chowdhury, Masudul Hoq Research Paper Title: Socio-economic Impact of Freshwater Pond Fish Farming in Rural Bangladesh Author: Chowdhury, Masudul Hoq Research Paper Close

• 27. [Article] Potential Fishing Industry Activities and Financial Return of East Malaysian Marine Fishery

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Potential Fishing Industry Activities and Financial Return of East Malaysian Marine Fishery Author: Safa, Mohammad Samaun Research Paper Title: Potential Fishing Industry Activities and Financial Return of East Malaysian Marine Fishery Author: Safa, Mohammad Samaun Research Paper Close

• 28. [Article] Outlook for Fish Supply and Demand Chain in Finland

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Outlook for Fish Supply and Demand Chain in Finland Author: Honkanen, Asmo, Ahvonen, Anssi Research Paper Title: Outlook for Fish Supply and Demand Chain in Finland Author: Honkanen, Asmo, Ahvonen, Anssi Research Paper Close

• 29. [Article] Landing Fees Versus Fish Quotas

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Landing Fees Versus Fish Quotas Author: Hannesson, Rognvaldur, Kennedy, John Research Paper Title: Landing Fees Versus Fish Quotas Author: Hannesson, Rognvaldur, Kennedy, John Research Paper Close

• 30. [Article] Global Trade and the Poor: The Impact of Product Standards in Major Importing Countries

  Research Paper

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Global Trade and the Poor: The Impact of Product Standards in Major Importing Countries Author: Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin, Briones, Roehlano M., Li, Chen Oai, Dey, Madan Research Paper Title: Global Trade and the Poor: The Impact of Product Standards in Major Importing Countries Author: Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin, Briones, Roehlano M., Li, Chen Oai, Dey, Madan Research Paper Close