Search

Search Results

• 1. [Article] The relationship of families' money management practices and their control of credit card use

  The use of credit cards by young families, their money management practices, and the relationship between money management practices and their control of credit card use was researched in this study. A ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The relationship of families' money management practices and their control of credit card use Author: Wright, Julie Edwards The use of credit cards by young families, their money management practices, and the relationship between money management practices and their control of credit card use was researched in this study. A sample of 60 Oregon families was drawn from the 1975 Johnson's Albany Area City Directory. These families were composed of a married couple living together with at least 1 child between the ages of 6 and 10 years, who used credit cards monthly. The husbands had a mean age of 33 years, and had completed a mean of 14 years of schooling. The wives were younger with a mean age of 30 and had completed a mean of 13 years of schooling. The couples were married a mean of 10 years, and 60 percent had 2 children. The husbands were principally employed in operative and laborer occupations, and the wives were largely homemakers. Sixty-three percent of the families earned a total yearly income between $10, 000 and $22, 000. The mean yearly income was $17, 857. The number of credit cards used by the families in a month ranged from 1 to 21 with a mean of 4 cards. Credit cards were used 1 to 61 times in an average month, with a mean frequency of 9 times per month. The mean number of types of purchases made with credit cards in a month was 6. Sixty-seven percent of the families used an oil company credit card regularly, followed closely by 65 percent who used a retail store card. Clothing was the commodity purchased with credit cards by the largest number of families, gasoline was the second most frequently purchased item. Most families charged under $100 per month with credit cards. Eighty-seven percent of the families reported that both the husband and wife decided upon the purchases to make with credit cards, although 60 percent reported that the wives made the most purchases using credit cards. Most of the wives used a credit card bearing their names, including those whose accounts were in the husbands' names. Spending plans were used by 78 percent of the families; the most common being unwritten plans for a month. Eighty-two percent of the families kept their sales slips from credit card purchases as a means of keeping records of their purchases. A regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses that control of credit card use was linearly related to the money management practices of the families. The money management practices included 1) the number of credit cards used by the families, 2) the number of types of purchases for which the families used a credit card, 3) record keeping practices used by the families, 4) budgeting practices employed by the families, and 5) the frequency with which the families made purchases using a credit card. Hypothesis 1, Hypothesis 1, the number of credit card bills paid in full is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was not supported by the data at the .10 level of significance. Fifty percent of the families paid their credit card bills in full 11 or 12 months of the year. The mean number of months in which all credit card bills were paid in full was 7. Hypothesis 2. Hypothesis 2, the number of monthly credit card billings that are missed is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was not supported at the .10 significance level. Eighty percent of the families reported that they never missed payment on a credit card debt. Hypothesis 3. Hypothesis 3, the degree to which the family buys more with credit cards than if cash were required is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family was not supported at the .10 level of significance. Sixty-eight percent of the families reported that credit cards caused them to buy no more or just slightly more than if cash were required. Hypothesis 4. Hypothesis 4, the degree to which the family buys more with credit cards than if another loan were required is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was not supported by the data at the .10 level of significance. Fifty percent of the 60 families reported that credit cards caused them to buy no more than if another type of credit were required to make a purchase. Hypothesis 5. Hypothesis 5, the degree to which the family indicates that it feels in control of its credit card use is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was supported at the . 01 level of significance. A strong direct relationship (significant at the .001 level) was shown to exist between the families' feelings of control of credit card use and their budgeting practices. In the presence of all money management practices, the frequency with which families used credit cards was shown to have an inverse effect upon the families' feelings of control, significant at the .05 level. The families in the study demonstrated control of their credit card use, and used them for convenience rather than for installment debt instruments. Credit cards were regarded by a large number of families as a temptation to overspend. Title: The relationship of families' money management practices and their control of credit card use Author: Wright, Julie Edwards The use of credit cards by young families, their money management practices, and the relationship between money management practices and their control of credit card use was researched in this study. A sample of 60 Oregon families was drawn from the 1975 Johnson's Albany Area City Directory. These families were composed of a married couple living together with at least 1 child between the ages of 6 and 10 years, who used credit cards monthly. The husbands had a mean age of 33 years, and had completed a mean of 14 years of schooling. The wives were younger with a mean age of 30 and had completed a mean of 13 years of schooling. The couples were married a mean of 10 years, and 60 percent had 2 children. The husbands were principally employed in operative and laborer occupations, and the wives were largely homemakers. Sixty-three percent of the families earned a total yearly income between $10, 000 and $22, 000. The mean yearly income was $17, 857. The number of credit cards used by the families in a month ranged from 1 to 21 with a mean of 4 cards. Credit cards were used 1 to 61 times in an average month, with a mean frequency of 9 times per month. The mean number of types of purchases made with credit cards in a month was 6. Sixty-seven percent of the families used an oil company credit card regularly, followed closely by 65 percent who used a retail store card. Clothing was the commodity purchased with credit cards by the largest number of families, gasoline was the second most frequently purchased item. Most families charged under $100 per month with credit cards. Eighty-seven percent of the families reported that both the husband and wife decided upon the purchases to make with credit cards, although 60 percent reported that the wives made the most purchases using credit cards. Most of the wives used a credit card bearing their names, including those whose accounts were in the husbands' names. Spending plans were used by 78 percent of the families; the most common being unwritten plans for a month. Eighty-two percent of the families kept their sales slips from credit card purchases as a means of keeping records of their purchases. A regression analysis was used to test the hypotheses that control of credit card use was linearly related to the money management practices of the families. The money management practices included 1) the number of credit cards used by the families, 2) the number of types of purchases for which the families used a credit card, 3) record keeping practices used by the families, 4) budgeting practices employed by the families, and 5) the frequency with which the families made purchases using a credit card. Hypothesis 1, Hypothesis 1, the number of credit card bills paid in full is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was not supported by the data at the .10 level of significance. Fifty percent of the families paid their credit card bills in full 11 or 12 months of the year. The mean number of months in which all credit card bills were paid in full was 7. Hypothesis 2. Hypothesis 2, the number of monthly credit card billings that are missed is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was not supported at the .10 significance level. Eighty percent of the families reported that they never missed payment on a credit card debt. Hypothesis 3. Hypothesis 3, the degree to which the family buys more with credit cards than if cash were required is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family was not supported at the .10 level of significance. Sixty-eight percent of the families reported that credit cards caused them to buy no more or just slightly more than if cash were required. Hypothesis 4. Hypothesis 4, the degree to which the family buys more with credit cards than if another loan were required is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was not supported by the data at the .10 level of significance. Fifty percent of the 60 families reported that credit cards caused them to buy no more than if another type of credit were required to make a purchase. Hypothesis 5. Hypothesis 5, the degree to which the family indicates that it feels in control of its credit card use is linearly related to the money management practices employed by a family, was supported at the . 01 level of significance. A strong direct relationship (significant at the .001 level) was shown to exist between the families' feelings of control of credit card use and their budgeting practices. In the presence of all money management practices, the frequency with which families used credit cards was shown to have an inverse effect upon the families' feelings of control, significant at the .05 level. The families in the study demonstrated control of their credit card use, and used them for convenience rather than for installment debt instruments. Credit cards were regarded by a large number of families as a temptation to overspend. Close

• 2. [Article] Expenditure differentials of selected urban families receiving AFDC assistance

  Expenditure data of 13 households receiving. Aid to Families With Dependent Children (AFDC) were collected through use of specially designed record booklets for one month and by a brief interview. Welfare ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Expenditure differentials of selected urban families receiving AFDC assistance Author: Lowry, Helen Joanne Speckhart Expenditure data of 13 households receiving. Aid to Families With Dependent Children (AFDC) were collected through use of specially designed record booklets for one month and by a brief interview. Welfare workers in southeast Portland discussed the study with families meeting the criteria of 1) a one-parent family with one or more children, 2) AFDC recipient, and 3) one-family household. Families who volunteered and completed the procedures included four families with one child, four families with two children, four families with three youngsters and one family with four children. All adults were female and had a mean age of 31. 5 years and had completed a mean of 11.9 years of school. The record booklets coded for each week of the month in eye-catching psychedelic colors were important in obtaining desired information. Included were specific directions for recording income and expenditures and unprofessionally drawn illustrations along with written listings of items to be reported on each page. All families received income from their AFDC grant and 12 families supplemented this income with food stamps. Six families had additional income from non-assistance sources and one family used free services of a child guidance clinic. The mean AFDC grant was $200, mean food stamp bonus was $54. 46 and mean nonassistance income was $16 for total mean financial resources of $270.77 per case. Resources from government programs, food stamps and AFDC, provided a mean of 94 percent of the families' income and non-assistance sources added six percent of the income. As family size increased, the percentage of total income allocated to food increased and the percentage of income used for housing decreased. Shelter and food demanded a mean of 82.6 percent of total income. Payments to AFDC recipients in Oregon are 80 percent of the financial needs for basic maintenance according to standards set by legislative action. Supplements to income provided by food stamps and the net from non-assistance sources increased the adequacy of the family's income in relation to the standards. The average income of families met a mean of 96.3 percent of need as defined by welfare standards. In comparing the actual expenditures in various consumption groups with the allowance figured by welfare, it was found that both housing and food expenditures were over 100 percent of the allowance while clothing, personal incidentals and household supply expenditures were far under the allowance. It was found that families were aware of the importance of planning the use of money as a means of meeting financial wants. However, the families were realistic with respect to what was possible in light of their limited resource situations. Families indicated a month by month coping when financial resources did not meet demands. The participants lacked an awareness of community resources that may be of assistance with financial problems and consumer buying decisions. Title: Expenditure differentials of selected urban families receiving AFDC assistance Author: Lowry, Helen Joanne Speckhart Expenditure data of 13 households receiving. Aid to Families With Dependent Children (AFDC) were collected through use of specially designed record booklets for one month and by a brief interview. Welfare workers in southeast Portland discussed the study with families meeting the criteria of 1) a one-parent family with one or more children, 2) AFDC recipient, and 3) one-family household. Families who volunteered and completed the procedures included four families with one child, four families with two children, four families with three youngsters and one family with four children. All adults were female and had a mean age of 31. 5 years and had completed a mean of 11.9 years of school. The record booklets coded for each week of the month in eye-catching psychedelic colors were important in obtaining desired information. Included were specific directions for recording income and expenditures and unprofessionally drawn illustrations along with written listings of items to be reported on each page. All families received income from their AFDC grant and 12 families supplemented this income with food stamps. Six families had additional income from non-assistance sources and one family used free services of a child guidance clinic. The mean AFDC grant was $200, mean food stamp bonus was $54. 46 and mean nonassistance income was $16 for total mean financial resources of $270.77 per case. Resources from government programs, food stamps and AFDC, provided a mean of 94 percent of the families' income and non-assistance sources added six percent of the income. As family size increased, the percentage of total income allocated to food increased and the percentage of income used for housing decreased. Shelter and food demanded a mean of 82.6 percent of total income. Payments to AFDC recipients in Oregon are 80 percent of the financial needs for basic maintenance according to standards set by legislative action. Supplements to income provided by food stamps and the net from non-assistance sources increased the adequacy of the family's income in relation to the standards. The average income of families met a mean of 96.3 percent of need as defined by welfare standards. In comparing the actual expenditures in various consumption groups with the allowance figured by welfare, it was found that both housing and food expenditures were over 100 percent of the allowance while clothing, personal incidentals and household supply expenditures were far under the allowance. It was found that families were aware of the importance of planning the use of money as a means of meeting financial wants. However, the families were realistic with respect to what was possible in light of their limited resource situations. Families indicated a month by month coping when financial resources did not meet demands. The participants lacked an awareness of community resources that may be of assistance with financial problems and consumer buying decisions. Close

• 3. [Article] Financial planning : family goals

  Published January 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catal...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Financial planning : family goals Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Krein, Sheila Fitzgerald, 1951- Published January 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Financial planning : family goals Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Krein, Sheila Fitzgerald, 1951- Published January 1988. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 4. [Article] Financial planning : family goals

  Revised June 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Financial planning : family goals Author: Krein, Sheila Fitzgerald, 1951-, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Morrow, Alice Mills Revised June 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Financial planning : family goals Author: Krein, Sheila Fitzgerald, 1951-, Oregon State University. Extension Service, Morrow, Alice Mills Revised June 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 5. [Article] Children's financial management competence : a gender specific socialization process

  This study was conducted to determine, first, if there are gender differences in children's financial management competencies; second, to ascertain relevant parental financial behavior that may affect ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Children's financial management competence : a gender specific socialization process Author: Gatherum, Antone James This study was conducted to determine, first, if there are gender differences in children's financial management competencies; second, to ascertain relevant parental financial behavior that may affect the child's financial management socialization; and third, to test the validity of a proposed model. This model, based on research of existing literature, provides a theoretical model for predicting the influence specific variables have on a child's money management competence. The sample consisted of eighty-six families, each of which was required to have at least one child in the fourth grade, have two or more children, and have both biological parents living in the home. Results of the study suggested that there was not a gender-based difference in the children's money-management competence, nor in the child's money management knowledge, nor in the parents' perception of the boys' and girls' savings behavior. However, a gender difference existed in the parents' perception of the child's spending behavior. Additionally, parents were found to employ a division of labor with respect to money management tasks based on gender. The data indicated that mothers tended to perform short-term money management tasks while fathers tended to perform long-term money management tasks. Further findings revealed significant positive relationships between the child's income and the parents' money management socializing effort, the child's income and his/her financial competence, and between the mother's performance of long-term money-management tasks and the child's financial competence. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship was found to exist between the family's stage in life and the parents' money management socializing effort. Clearly money management plays a pivotal role in the quality of life and thus the need to identify and understand the mechanisms by which personal money management can be improved is of great concern. The results of this study can aid in the development of programs that will not only supplement, but facilitate the family's effort to produce children who are competent money managers. Title: Children's financial management competence : a gender specific socialization process Author: Gatherum, Antone James This study was conducted to determine, first, if there are gender differences in children's financial management competencies; second, to ascertain relevant parental financial behavior that may affect the child's financial management socialization; and third, to test the validity of a proposed model. This model, based on research of existing literature, provides a theoretical model for predicting the influence specific variables have on a child's money management competence. The sample consisted of eighty-six families, each of which was required to have at least one child in the fourth grade, have two or more children, and have both biological parents living in the home. Results of the study suggested that there was not a gender-based difference in the children's money-management competence, nor in the child's money management knowledge, nor in the parents' perception of the boys' and girls' savings behavior. However, a gender difference existed in the parents' perception of the child's spending behavior. Additionally, parents were found to employ a division of labor with respect to money management tasks based on gender. The data indicated that mothers tended to perform short-term money management tasks while fathers tended to perform long-term money management tasks. Further findings revealed significant positive relationships between the child's income and the parents' money management socializing effort, the child's income and his/her financial competence, and between the mother's performance of long-term money-management tasks and the child's financial competence. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship was found to exist between the family's stage in life and the parents' money management socializing effort. Clearly money management plays a pivotal role in the quality of life and thus the need to identify and understand the mechanisms by which personal money management can be improved is of great concern. The results of this study can aid in the development of programs that will not only supplement, but facilitate the family's effort to produce children who are competent money managers. Close

• 6. [Article] The influence of information given homemakers on Old Age, Survivor and Disability Insurance in motivating families toward financial security planning

  The primary purpose of this study was to assess the influence of information on Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance in motivating homemakers to do further family financial security planning. Planning ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The influence of information given homemakers on Old Age, Survivor and Disability Insurance in motivating families toward financial security planning Author: Brown, Dorothy F. (Dorothy Furtick) The primary purpose of this study was to assess the influence of information on Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance in motivating homemakers to do further family financial security planning. Planning was measured in terms of estimating OASDI benefits and total income available for retirement and for survivors. The subjects used for securing the data were members of Benton County, Oregon, extension units, which are homemakers' clubs sponsored by the Cooperative Extension Service. One hundred forty-three questionnaire respondents had received information on OASDI from the county extension agent, while 76 respondents had not received this information. An additional 43 unit members who had not completed the questionnaire were interviewed by telephone. There was a significant positive relationship between homemakers having received the OASDI information at the extension meetings and having estimated OASDI benefits. There was also a significant positive relationship between estimating OASDI benefits and figuring on total income for survivors and for retirement. There was no significant relationship between attendance at OASDI meetings and figuring on total income for retirement and survivors by those who had estimated their OASDI benefits. There was no relationship between attendance at the OASDI meetings and interest in further family finance information concerning life insurance, financial involvements when death comes, and family money management. When the data were arranged according to age groups, it was found that as the women became older, a greater proportion estimated their OASDI benefits. There was no significant difference in the proportion of each age group who figured on their total retirement income. However, the youngest age group did significantly more figuring on total survivor income than did the next older group. There was no significant difference between age groups in total activity following the OASDI meeting. Of the 143 respondents who had attended the OASDI meeting, 71 had estimated their OASDI benefits. Fifty of these (70%) said they learned how to do the estimating at the extension meeting. Thirty-two of the 71 (45%) said they knew how to estimate benefits before their husbands did. Other activities resulted from attendance at the OASDI meetings: 35% mailed the request card for a check on their OASDI accounts, 11% talked to the social security representative for the area, 43% checked on the whereabouts of their vital papers, and 81% discussed OASDI with someone else. From the telephone interviews with homemakers who had attended the OASDI meetings but had not filled out questionnaires, information was secured as to why 19 of the 43 had not estimated their benefits: social security was not important to them, they did not understand how to estimate their benefits, their husbands took care of everything, they just put off doing anything, they could not get husband interested, children were nearly 18 so could not get immediate benefits, income fluctuated too much to estimate benefits. From those who had estimated their benefits, very little information was secured as to the specifics of planning and action taken to improve the financial security situation. From this study the conclusion might be drawn that information about OASDI, including how to estimate benefits, will result in more people doing family financial security planning. It seems to be worthwhile to give this information to homemakers, since they share this information with others, particularly their husbands. Each age group was motivated to use this information. Title: The influence of information given homemakers on Old Age, Survivor and Disability Insurance in motivating families toward financial security planning Author: Brown, Dorothy F. (Dorothy Furtick) The primary purpose of this study was to assess the influence of information on Old Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance in motivating homemakers to do further family financial security planning. Planning was measured in terms of estimating OASDI benefits and total income available for retirement and for survivors. The subjects used for securing the data were members of Benton County, Oregon, extension units, which are homemakers' clubs sponsored by the Cooperative Extension Service. One hundred forty-three questionnaire respondents had received information on OASDI from the county extension agent, while 76 respondents had not received this information. An additional 43 unit members who had not completed the questionnaire were interviewed by telephone. There was a significant positive relationship between homemakers having received the OASDI information at the extension meetings and having estimated OASDI benefits. There was also a significant positive relationship between estimating OASDI benefits and figuring on total income for survivors and for retirement. There was no significant relationship between attendance at OASDI meetings and figuring on total income for retirement and survivors by those who had estimated their OASDI benefits. There was no relationship between attendance at the OASDI meetings and interest in further family finance information concerning life insurance, financial involvements when death comes, and family money management. When the data were arranged according to age groups, it was found that as the women became older, a greater proportion estimated their OASDI benefits. There was no significant difference in the proportion of each age group who figured on their total retirement income. However, the youngest age group did significantly more figuring on total survivor income than did the next older group. There was no significant difference between age groups in total activity following the OASDI meeting. Of the 143 respondents who had attended the OASDI meeting, 71 had estimated their OASDI benefits. Fifty of these (70%) said they learned how to do the estimating at the extension meeting. Thirty-two of the 71 (45%) said they knew how to estimate benefits before their husbands did. Other activities resulted from attendance at the OASDI meetings: 35% mailed the request card for a check on their OASDI accounts, 11% talked to the social security representative for the area, 43% checked on the whereabouts of their vital papers, and 81% discussed OASDI with someone else. From the telephone interviews with homemakers who had attended the OASDI meetings but had not filled out questionnaires, information was secured as to why 19 of the 43 had not estimated their benefits: social security was not important to them, they did not understand how to estimate their benefits, their husbands took care of everything, they just put off doing anything, they could not get husband interested, children were nearly 18 so could not get immediate benefits, income fluctuated too much to estimate benefits. From those who had estimated their benefits, very little information was secured as to the specifics of planning and action taken to improve the financial security situation. From this study the conclusion might be drawn that information about OASDI, including how to estimate benefits, will result in more people doing family financial security planning. It seems to be worthwhile to give this information to homemakers, since they share this information with others, particularly their husbands. Each age group was motivated to use this information. Close

• 7. [Article] An integrated approach to financial crisis management: a study of social, family, and personal resources unique to individuals in a financial crisis situation

  This study assessed social, family, and personal resources available to individuals in a financial crisis situation utilizing mailed questionnaires. The sample consisted of 74 subjects in two groups: (1) ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: An integrated approach to financial crisis management: a study of social, family, and personal resources unique to individuals in a financial crisis situation Author: Brandt-Erichsen, Joan This study assessed social, family, and personal resources available to individuals in a financial crisis situation utilizing mailed questionnaires. The sample consisted of 74 subjects in two groups: (1) individuals in a financial crisis situation, identified by their participation in a Consumer Credit Counseling Service program and referred to in this study as the "counseling group" (47 subjects) and (2) a comparison group of individuals who were not receiving any type of financial counseling and referred to as the "non-counseling" group (27 subjects) in this study. Resources were measured by two instruments: Family Inventory of Resources for Management (FIRM) and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES II). Between-group and within-group analyses were conducted utilizing two-way analysis of variance tests, tests of significance of proportions, cross-tabulations, and t tests. Graphic analyses included scattergrams, Circumplex Model representation, and Hill's (1949) Roller Coaster Course of Adjustment Model representation. Findings obtained indicated that both the counseling and non-counseling groups had "moderate" levels of resources as measured by FIRM. Significant differences were found for the subscales of Financial Well-Being (FWB) and Sources of financial Support (SFS) in which the counseling group scored significantly lower than the non-counseling group. Interaction effects of sex X group were also found to be significant for the SFS subscale indicating that both sex and group representation contribute to the difference in scores. Two of the FIRM scores approached significance: Family Strengths of Mastery and Health (RS) and total FIRM score, suggesting the need for additional attention in future research. When cohesion and adaptability scores were plotted on the Circumplex Model, differences approached significance indicating that fewer of the subjects in the counseling group (36%) were in the "balanced" region of the model than were the subjects in the non-counseling group (52%). In relation to Hill's (1949) model, 50% of the men and women in the counseling group reported that they were in a financial crisis and 50% reported that they were not in a financial crisis. Within-group analyses comparing these two groups revealed significant differences in the subscale of FWB in which those reporting a financial crisis scored significantly lower than those not reporting a financial crisis. Title: An integrated approach to financial crisis management: a study of social, family, and personal resources unique to individuals in a financial crisis situation Author: Brandt-Erichsen, Joan This study assessed social, family, and personal resources available to individuals in a financial crisis situation utilizing mailed questionnaires. The sample consisted of 74 subjects in two groups: (1) individuals in a financial crisis situation, identified by their participation in a Consumer Credit Counseling Service program and referred to in this study as the "counseling group" (47 subjects) and (2) a comparison group of individuals who were not receiving any type of financial counseling and referred to as the "non-counseling" group (27 subjects) in this study. Resources were measured by two instruments: Family Inventory of Resources for Management (FIRM) and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales (FACES II). Between-group and within-group analyses were conducted utilizing two-way analysis of variance tests, tests of significance of proportions, cross-tabulations, and t tests. Graphic analyses included scattergrams, Circumplex Model representation, and Hill's (1949) Roller Coaster Course of Adjustment Model representation. Findings obtained indicated that both the counseling and non-counseling groups had "moderate" levels of resources as measured by FIRM. Significant differences were found for the subscales of Financial Well-Being (FWB) and Sources of financial Support (SFS) in which the counseling group scored significantly lower than the non-counseling group. Interaction effects of sex X group were also found to be significant for the SFS subscale indicating that both sex and group representation contribute to the difference in scores. Two of the FIRM scores approached significance: Family Strengths of Mastery and Health (RS) and total FIRM score, suggesting the need for additional attention in future research. When cohesion and adaptability scores were plotted on the Circumplex Model, differences approached significance indicating that fewer of the subjects in the counseling group (36%) were in the "balanced" region of the model than were the subjects in the non-counseling group (52%). In relation to Hill's (1949) model, 50% of the men and women in the counseling group reported that they were in a financial crisis and 50% reported that they were not in a financial crisis. Within-group analyses comparing these two groups revealed significant differences in the subscale of FWB in which those reporting a financial crisis scored significantly lower than those not reporting a financial crisis. Close

• 8. [Article] Paying family bills

  Revised June 1994. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Paying family bills Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised June 1994. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Paying family bills Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service Revised June 1994. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 9. [Article] Paying family bills

  Published January 1973. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catal...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Paying family bills Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published January 1973. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Paying family bills Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published January 1973. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close

• 10. [Article] Family financial planning : preparing and using financial statements

  Published October 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/cata...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Family financial planning : preparing and using financial statements Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published October 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Title: Family financial planning : preparing and using financial statements Author: Morrow, Alice Mills, Oregon State University. Extension Service Published October 1991. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalog Close