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• 1. [Article] The Economics of Household Air Pollution

  Traditional energy technologies and consumer products contribute to household well-being in diverse ways but also often harm household air quality. We review the problem of household air pollution at a ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: The Economics of Household Air Pollution Author: Jeuland, Marc, Pattanayak, Subhrendu K., Bluffstone, Randall Year: 2015 Traditional energy technologies and consumer products contribute to household well-being in diverse ways but also often harm household air quality. We review the problem of household air pollution at a global scale, focusing particularly on the harmful effects of traditional cooking and heating. Drawing on the theory of household production, we illustrate the ambiguous relationship between household well-being and adoption of behaviors and technologies that reduce air pollution. We then review how the theory relates to the seemingly contradictory findings emerging from the literature on developing country household demand for clean fuels and stoves. In conclusion, we describe an economics research agenda to close the knowledge gaps so that policies and programs can be designed and evaluated to solve the global household air pollution problem. Title: The Economics of Household Air Pollution Author: Jeuland, Marc, Pattanayak, Subhrendu K., Bluffstone, Randall Year: 2015 Traditional energy technologies and consumer products contribute to household well-being in diverse ways but also often harm household air quality. We review the problem of household air pollution at a global scale, focusing particularly on the harmful effects of traditional cooking and heating. Drawing on the theory of household production, we illustrate the ambiguous relationship between household well-being and adoption of behaviors and technologies that reduce air pollution. We then review how the theory relates to the seemingly contradictory findings emerging from the literature on developing country household demand for clean fuels and stoves. In conclusion, we describe an economics research agenda to close the knowledge gaps so that policies and programs can be designed and evaluated to solve the global household air pollution problem. Close

• 2. [Article] Examining Agricultural Household Welfare through Output Marketing Choices and Land Market Efficiency : Evidence from Rural India

  Development research and policy aim to improve household welfare by improving access to assets and economic opportunities (Besley & Burgess 2000; Deininger et al. 2003). In rural and agrarian contexts, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Examining Agricultural Household Welfare through Output Marketing Choices and Land Market Efficiency : Evidence from Rural India Author: Dickson, Caleb Development research and policy aim to improve household welfare by improving access to assets and economic opportunities (Besley & Burgess 2000; Deininger et al. 2003). In rural and agrarian contexts, these goals may be achieved by well-functioning markets for outputs, inputs, off-farm work, and credit. The status of these markets impacts household welfare and resilience, as well as the equity and efficiency of resource use. Designing policies for improving household welfare requires an understanding of markets in rural areas. In particular, policymakers must understand how household and location characteristics impact household participation in markets and how participation impacts welfare. This dissertation contains three essays that address rural household welfare and the role of policy for Southern India. The first essay examines the selection and impact of agricultural marketing channels for farm households in rural villages of Andhra Pradesh, India. The evaluation of agricultural marketing channels in developing countries is becoming more relevant due to the growth of modern food retail (e.g. large grocery stores). This type of supply channel evolution is beginning in India as the supermarket, food processing, and food service sectors have grown rapidly in recent years. For the most part, this growth has not extended beyond the retail end of the supply channel: the traditional wholesale markets (also known as mandis) are still the most significant means for transferring food from rural to urban areas. As such, this paper analyzes current crop and milk marketing channels available to rural households in Andhra Pradesh. The goals of this analysis are to identify how household and location characteristics impact channel choice (ex-ante), if existing channels provide differential returns from one another, and which types of households benefit more or less within a channel (ex-post). The results indicate that household income is higher for households selling crops to brokers and selling milk to co-operatives. Moreover, channel choices and resulting impacts are affected by both transport and search costs. This analysis provides evidence that policy aimed at reducing transport and search costs directly associated with a channel can improve household welfare under current channel structures. Given the likely characteristics of emerging channels, similar policy is expected to improve farmer welfare in the future too. The second essay is an analysis of rural land leasing markets in multiple states across India. Land leasing markets are hypothesized to improve the efficiency of land allocation and provide welfare gains to participating households. However, in developing countries, these markets are commonly impacted by transactions costs, missing or incomplete non-land markets, and insecure property rights. This study assesses how Indian land markets perform in terms of equity and efficiency, identifies land market distortions, and examines how policy can address these distortions. Using a panel dataset of households from rural villages in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, this research contributes to previous work by developing conceptual and empirical analyses that are consistent with the specific structure of land leasing decisions in India and provide insights into functioning of land leasing markets. The results confirm that land markets improve factor ratios by transferring land from input-poor to input-rich smallholder households. However, land market functioning is found to be limited by the presence of transactions costs and missing or incomplete non-land markets. From a policy standpoint, the results suggest that, due to the linkages across markets (e.g. input markets), policies that promote rural market development are expected to have the greatest impact on land markets in the short run. The third essay continues to focus on land markets and, in particular, illustrates the role of land markets in household resilience. This study identifies household economic resilience as the ability of a household to avoid low values or loss of economic value in the presence of changing conditions over time. In much of the development literature, research aims to identify ways of improving the well-being of households in developing countries. Understanding resilience adds a new dimension to this by examining a household’s current state of well-being along with possible future states (better or worse) and what factors contribute to these. This is especially relevant for agricultural households that are subject to varying biophysical and economic conditions. Land markets can play a role in household resilience by allowing households to adjust their operated land area as conditions change. This type of adjustment can improve welfare by enabling households to pursue different activities (on or off-farm) with the goal of household income maximization. The relationship between land markets and resilience is examined empirically by predicting land market participation and resulting welfare outcomes under a variety of price and policy scenarios. The goal is to provide evidence that households use land markets to adjust to price changes and that policy addressing land market imperfections can increase that adjustment, in terms of land market participation and resulting welfare. This analysis utilizes estimates from econometric models of land leasing and household welfare, and it focuses on cereal price changes and a market development policy. The results support the hypothesis that land markets contribute to household resilience by enabling households to respond to changing conditions and improve their welfare. Moreover, the results indicate that policy aimed at land market distortions can further increase household resilience. Title: Examining Agricultural Household Welfare through Output Marketing Choices and Land Market Efficiency : Evidence from Rural India Author: Dickson, Caleb Development research and policy aim to improve household welfare by improving access to assets and economic opportunities (Besley & Burgess 2000; Deininger et al. 2003). In rural and agrarian contexts, these goals may be achieved by well-functioning markets for outputs, inputs, off-farm work, and credit. The status of these markets impacts household welfare and resilience, as well as the equity and efficiency of resource use. Designing policies for improving household welfare requires an understanding of markets in rural areas. In particular, policymakers must understand how household and location characteristics impact household participation in markets and how participation impacts welfare. This dissertation contains three essays that address rural household welfare and the role of policy for Southern India. The first essay examines the selection and impact of agricultural marketing channels for farm households in rural villages of Andhra Pradesh, India. The evaluation of agricultural marketing channels in developing countries is becoming more relevant due to the growth of modern food retail (e.g. large grocery stores). This type of supply channel evolution is beginning in India as the supermarket, food processing, and food service sectors have grown rapidly in recent years. For the most part, this growth has not extended beyond the retail end of the supply channel: the traditional wholesale markets (also known as mandis) are still the most significant means for transferring food from rural to urban areas. As such, this paper analyzes current crop and milk marketing channels available to rural households in Andhra Pradesh. The goals of this analysis are to identify how household and location characteristics impact channel choice (ex-ante), if existing channels provide differential returns from one another, and which types of households benefit more or less within a channel (ex-post). The results indicate that household income is higher for households selling crops to brokers and selling milk to co-operatives. Moreover, channel choices and resulting impacts are affected by both transport and search costs. This analysis provides evidence that policy aimed at reducing transport and search costs directly associated with a channel can improve household welfare under current channel structures. Given the likely characteristics of emerging channels, similar policy is expected to improve farmer welfare in the future too. The second essay is an analysis of rural land leasing markets in multiple states across India. Land leasing markets are hypothesized to improve the efficiency of land allocation and provide welfare gains to participating households. However, in developing countries, these markets are commonly impacted by transactions costs, missing or incomplete non-land markets, and insecure property rights. This study assesses how Indian land markets perform in terms of equity and efficiency, identifies land market distortions, and examines how policy can address these distortions. Using a panel dataset of households from rural villages in Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, and Maharashtra, this research contributes to previous work by developing conceptual and empirical analyses that are consistent with the specific structure of land leasing decisions in India and provide insights into functioning of land leasing markets. The results confirm that land markets improve factor ratios by transferring land from input-poor to input-rich smallholder households. However, land market functioning is found to be limited by the presence of transactions costs and missing or incomplete non-land markets. From a policy standpoint, the results suggest that, due to the linkages across markets (e.g. input markets), policies that promote rural market development are expected to have the greatest impact on land markets in the short run. The third essay continues to focus on land markets and, in particular, illustrates the role of land markets in household resilience. This study identifies household economic resilience as the ability of a household to avoid low values or loss of economic value in the presence of changing conditions over time. In much of the development literature, research aims to identify ways of improving the well-being of households in developing countries. Understanding resilience adds a new dimension to this by examining a household’s current state of well-being along with possible future states (better or worse) and what factors contribute to these. This is especially relevant for agricultural households that are subject to varying biophysical and economic conditions. Land markets can play a role in household resilience by allowing households to adjust their operated land area as conditions change. This type of adjustment can improve welfare by enabling households to pursue different activities (on or off-farm) with the goal of household income maximization. The relationship between land markets and resilience is examined empirically by predicting land market participation and resulting welfare outcomes under a variety of price and policy scenarios. The goal is to provide evidence that households use land markets to adjust to price changes and that policy addressing land market imperfections can increase that adjustment, in terms of land market participation and resulting welfare. This analysis utilizes estimates from econometric models of land leasing and household welfare, and it focuses on cereal price changes and a market development policy. The results support the hypothesis that land markets contribute to household resilience by enabling households to respond to changing conditions and improve their welfare. Moreover, the results indicate that policy aimed at land market distortions can further increase household resilience. Close

• 3. [Article] Determinants of household vehicle miles traveled in Oregon

  This study models the household demand for vehicle miles traveled with a focus on the effects from bicycle ridership and transit ridership. Through the use of data from the Oregon Household Activity Survey ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Determinants of household vehicle miles traveled in Oregon Author: Holder, Daniel R. (Daniel Ross) This study models the household demand for vehicle miles traveled with a focus on the effects from bicycle ridership and transit ridership. Through the use of data from the Oregon Household Activity Survey collected on behalf of the Oregon Department of Transportation, evidence is found that households participating in bicycle travel do not consider the price of driving or income when making vehicle travel decisions. The study also finds that for households using public transit, the distance traveled using transit is not significant in impacting a household's consumption of vehicle travel. The methods and results of this study provide a foundation for future vehicle and bicycle demand research and provide pertinent information to policy makers intending to alter driving behavior within the state of Oregon and elsewhere. Title: Determinants of household vehicle miles traveled in Oregon Author: Holder, Daniel R. (Daniel Ross) This study models the household demand for vehicle miles traveled with a focus on the effects from bicycle ridership and transit ridership. Through the use of data from the Oregon Household Activity Survey collected on behalf of the Oregon Department of Transportation, evidence is found that households participating in bicycle travel do not consider the price of driving or income when making vehicle travel decisions. The study also finds that for households using public transit, the distance traveled using transit is not significant in impacting a household's consumption of vehicle travel. The methods and results of this study provide a foundation for future vehicle and bicycle demand research and provide pertinent information to policy makers intending to alter driving behavior within the state of Oregon and elsewhere. Close

• 4. [Article] Willingness to pay for health risk reductions: The importance of scenario adjustment, household structure and type of disease

  xii, 150 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Willingness to pay for health risk reductions: The importance of scenario adjustment, household structure and type of disease Author: Johnson, Erica H. Year: 2010, 2009 xii, 150 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Title: Willingness to pay for health risk reductions: The importance of scenario adjustment, household structure and type of disease Author: Johnson, Erica H. Year: 2010, 2009 xii, 150 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Close

• 5. [Article] Three essays on the economics of malaria

  Malaria is the world’s most important parasitic infectious disease, and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in many developing countries. In this dissertation I study the interaction of malaria ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Three essays on the economics of malaria Author: Datta, Saurabh Charles Malaria is the world’s most important parasitic infectious disease, and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in many developing countries. In this dissertation I study the interaction of malaria and economic development at both the macro- and micro-economic levels. In the first essay I examine the economic impact of malaria on income per capita using cross-country time-series data for 100 malaria prone countries between the years 1985 and 2001. I try to explain the so-called “malaria gap,” which refers a general difference (gap) in parameter estimates found between macro- and micro-economic studies of the impact of malaria on economic well-being. By using more detailed data and controlling for a larger number of economic determinants of malaria than previous macro-economic studies, I am able to resolve most of the “malaria gap” associated with earlier studies in the literature. I show that the impact of malaria on economic well-being is statistically significant but fairly small, which coincides with the findings of certain recent micro-level studies. Policy implications of these empirical findings are discussed. In the second essay I turn my focus to the fact that malaria itself is an endogenous variable over which households and government have some control. I start with simple plots of data that show that malaria has a negative correlation with national income per capita, whether looking across countries at a point in time, or looking at a single country over time. Some countries have moved steadily over time from an equilibrium characterized by low income and high malaria, to a new equilibrium with a relatively high income and low rate of malaria. I develop and estimate a simultaneous equations model to explain these relationships. I distinguish three potential causal chains: the ability for decreases in malaria to increase income, the ability for increases in income to reduce malaria (reverse causality), and external factors that may lead to both higher income and lower malaria (incidental association). I find that changes in income have a much stronger effect on malaria incidence than the other way around. While a 1% rise in the number of malaria cases per million decreases income per capita by less than 0.01%, a 1% rise in income per capita decreases the number of malaria cases per million by more than 1.1%. If income were just 1% higher, 603,189 cases of malaria could be averted annually in the 100 countries of the sample. In the third essay I take a completely different approach in that I use micro-economic household survey data to examine how farming households in poor, malaria-prone areas respond to an outbreak of malaria. I focus on their choice of cropping pattern, since they may shift away from labor-intensive, high-risk yet high-return crops towards those with lower risk and effort yet much lower returns. Households may also move away from formal jobs with long time commitments towards daily labor type activities in which they only work when healthy. These hypotheses are tested using detailed data for 919 households of the Kagera region in Tanzania over the 1991-94 period. To specify an appropriate econometric model, I first develop a theoretical model that captures the micro-economic processes that I highlight above. The econometric results are generally consistent with the ideas in the theoretical model. Outbreaks of malaria and other natural disasters, such as pest attacks and drought, prompt households to move away from chemical-input- and labor-intensive crops (e.g., sugarcane, tobacco, cotton) towards subsistence (e.g., cassava and sweet potato) and tree crops (e.g., coffee and banana). At the same time, they are found to be depending more on casual labor employment and remittance income, while cutting down expenditures on purchased agricultural inputs and net asset creation. Title: Three essays on the economics of malaria Author: Datta, Saurabh Charles Malaria is the world’s most important parasitic infectious disease, and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in many developing countries. In this dissertation I study the interaction of malaria and economic development at both the macro- and micro-economic levels. In the first essay I examine the economic impact of malaria on income per capita using cross-country time-series data for 100 malaria prone countries between the years 1985 and 2001. I try to explain the so-called “malaria gap,” which refers a general difference (gap) in parameter estimates found between macro- and micro-economic studies of the impact of malaria on economic well-being. By using more detailed data and controlling for a larger number of economic determinants of malaria than previous macro-economic studies, I am able to resolve most of the “malaria gap” associated with earlier studies in the literature. I show that the impact of malaria on economic well-being is statistically significant but fairly small, which coincides with the findings of certain recent micro-level studies. Policy implications of these empirical findings are discussed. In the second essay I turn my focus to the fact that malaria itself is an endogenous variable over which households and government have some control. I start with simple plots of data that show that malaria has a negative correlation with national income per capita, whether looking across countries at a point in time, or looking at a single country over time. Some countries have moved steadily over time from an equilibrium characterized by low income and high malaria, to a new equilibrium with a relatively high income and low rate of malaria. I develop and estimate a simultaneous equations model to explain these relationships. I distinguish three potential causal chains: the ability for decreases in malaria to increase income, the ability for increases in income to reduce malaria (reverse causality), and external factors that may lead to both higher income and lower malaria (incidental association). I find that changes in income have a much stronger effect on malaria incidence than the other way around. While a 1% rise in the number of malaria cases per million decreases income per capita by less than 0.01%, a 1% rise in income per capita decreases the number of malaria cases per million by more than 1.1%. If income were just 1% higher, 603,189 cases of malaria could be averted annually in the 100 countries of the sample. In the third essay I take a completely different approach in that I use micro-economic household survey data to examine how farming households in poor, malaria-prone areas respond to an outbreak of malaria. I focus on their choice of cropping pattern, since they may shift away from labor-intensive, high-risk yet high-return crops towards those with lower risk and effort yet much lower returns. Households may also move away from formal jobs with long time commitments towards daily labor type activities in which they only work when healthy. These hypotheses are tested using detailed data for 919 households of the Kagera region in Tanzania over the 1991-94 period. To specify an appropriate econometric model, I first develop a theoretical model that captures the micro-economic processes that I highlight above. The econometric results are generally consistent with the ideas in the theoretical model. Outbreaks of malaria and other natural disasters, such as pest attacks and drought, prompt households to move away from chemical-input- and labor-intensive crops (e.g., sugarcane, tobacco, cotton) towards subsistence (e.g., cassava and sweet potato) and tree crops (e.g., coffee and banana). At the same time, they are found to be depending more on casual labor employment and remittance income, while cutting down expenditures on purchased agricultural inputs and net asset creation. Close

• 6. [Article] Community Forests, Carbon Sequestration and REDD+: Evidence From Ethiopia

  REDD + is one of the tools under development to mitigate climate change, but it is not yet clear how to appropriately bring in the approximately 25 per cent of developing country forests that are managed ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Community Forests, Carbon Sequestration and REDD+: Evidence From Ethiopia Author: Beyene, Abebe D., Bluffstone, Randall, Mekonnen, Alemu Year: 2016 REDD + is one of the tools under development to mitigate climate change, but it is not yet clear how to appropriately bring in the approximately 25 per cent of developing country forests that are managed by communities. Drawing on the economics of collective action literature, the authors attempt to shed light on whether forest collective action itself sequesters carbon. Using satellite imagery combined with household and community data from Ethiopia, they examine whether community forests (CFs) with high levels of collective action attributes known to be associated with better management have more carbon than other systems. Although these results should be considered indicative due to the nature of the data, the analysis suggests that in the absence of dedicated sequestration policies the quality of local-level collective action offers at best marginal carbon benefits. Specific incentives like REDD + may therefore play important roles in delivering climate change benefits from CFs in low-income countries. Title: Community Forests, Carbon Sequestration and REDD+: Evidence From Ethiopia Author: Beyene, Abebe D., Bluffstone, Randall, Mekonnen, Alemu Year: 2016 REDD + is one of the tools under development to mitigate climate change, but it is not yet clear how to appropriately bring in the approximately 25 per cent of developing country forests that are managed by communities. Drawing on the economics of collective action literature, the authors attempt to shed light on whether forest collective action itself sequesters carbon. Using satellite imagery combined with household and community data from Ethiopia, they examine whether community forests (CFs) with high levels of collective action attributes known to be associated with better management have more carbon than other systems. Although these results should be considered indicative due to the nature of the data, the analysis suggests that in the absence of dedicated sequestration policies the quality of local-level collective action offers at best marginal carbon benefits. Specific incentives like REDD + may therefore play important roles in delivering climate change benefits from CFs in low-income countries. Close

• 7. [Article] Corruption and Transparency in a Growth Model

  We develop a Ramsey type model of economic growth in which the "Engine of Growth" is public capital accumulation. Public capital is a public good, and is financed by taxes on private output. The government ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Corruption and Transparency in a Growth Model Author: Ellis, Christopher J., Fender, John Year: 2003 We develop a Ramsey type model of economic growth in which the "Engine of Growth" is public capital accumulation. Public capital is a public good, and is financed by taxes on private output. The government may either use the taxes gathered to fund public capital accumulation or consume the resourses itself; that is engage in corruption. There is an irreducable level of endogenously determined corruption which constitutes rents for which potential governments compete. This competition takes the form of choosing a time path for public capital invesment, which implies time paths for output and household consumption. We study both the model’s steady state, and dynamical behavior along the saddle path. The predictions of our theory accord well with the existant empirical evidence on the relationships between the level and growth rate of output, corruption, public investment and fiscal transparency. Our analysis also does a good job of explaining the transition experiences of several Eastern European economies. Title: Corruption and Transparency in a Growth Model Author: Ellis, Christopher J., Fender, John Year: 2003 We develop a Ramsey type model of economic growth in which the "Engine of Growth" is public capital accumulation. Public capital is a public good, and is financed by taxes on private output. The government may either use the taxes gathered to fund public capital accumulation or consume the resourses itself; that is engage in corruption. There is an irreducable level of endogenously determined corruption which constitutes rents for which potential governments compete. This competition takes the form of choosing a time path for public capital invesment, which implies time paths for output and household consumption. We study both the model’s steady state, and dynamical behavior along the saddle path. The predictions of our theory accord well with the existant empirical evidence on the relationships between the level and growth rate of output, corruption, public investment and fiscal transparency. Our analysis also does a good job of explaining the transition experiences of several Eastern European economies. Close

• 8. [Article] Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impacts of SB 1080 on Immigrant Groups

  In July 2008, the State of Oregon implemented SB 1080, legislation that required all applicants for an Oregon Driver License or ID card to present proof of legal presence in the United States. In 2007, ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impacts of SB 1080 on Immigrant Groups Author: King, Mary C., Corbett, John G., Chiappetta, John, López Salinas, Anabel Year: 2011 In July 2008, the State of Oregon implemented SB 1080, legislation that required all applicants for an Oregon Driver License or ID card to present proof of legal presence in the United States. In 2007, some 140,000 unauthorized immigrants were estimated to be living in Oregon, more than two-thirds of whom were estimated to be members of the labor force. Approximately 97% of Oregon’s unauthorized immigrants are thought to be Latino, nearly all of Mexican origin. This report includes a discussion of the social science findings on the situation of undocumented workers in the U.S and what is known about the uses of different forms of identification for Mexican nationals. It presents a statistical portrait of the Mexican-born population of Oregon, demonstrating their concentration in particular occupations, particularly agriculture, building and grounds maintenance, food preparation and construction. Given the magnitude of the ongoing recession, no economic impact of SB 1080 is yet discernible. In a full employment context, such as existed during 2007, and after all outstanding licenses held by undocumented immigrants have expired, SB 1080 might reduce state GDP by $160 million, or 0.1%, while raising wages by 0.16%. Economic impacts would be concentrated on those industries that particularly employ undocumented workers, notably agriculture and food service. Interviews with nearly 400 Spanish-speaking Oregon residents, conducted in the Summer of 2009, indicate distress and uncertainty in the Latino community, fear of deportation arising from a traffic stop, a significant number of people driving without a license and adjustments within households that reduce access to employment, education, medical and social services, church attendance and recreation. The full range and magnitudes of impacts cannot be known with certainty until SB 1080 is fully implemented in 2016, and the economy has recovered – and may be mitigated by immigration reform at the Federal level. Title: Assessment of the Socio-Economic Impacts of SB 1080 on Immigrant Groups Author: King, Mary C., Corbett, John G., Chiappetta, John, López Salinas, Anabel Year: 2011 In July 2008, the State of Oregon implemented SB 1080, legislation that required all applicants for an Oregon Driver License or ID card to present proof of legal presence in the United States. In 2007, some 140,000 unauthorized immigrants were estimated to be living in Oregon, more than two-thirds of whom were estimated to be members of the labor force. Approximately 97% of Oregon’s unauthorized immigrants are thought to be Latino, nearly all of Mexican origin. This report includes a discussion of the social science findings on the situation of undocumented workers in the U.S and what is known about the uses of different forms of identification for Mexican nationals. It presents a statistical portrait of the Mexican-born population of Oregon, demonstrating their concentration in particular occupations, particularly agriculture, building and grounds maintenance, food preparation and construction. Given the magnitude of the ongoing recession, no economic impact of SB 1080 is yet discernible. In a full employment context, such as existed during 2007, and after all outstanding licenses held by undocumented immigrants have expired, SB 1080 might reduce state GDP by $160 million, or 0.1%, while raising wages by 0.16%. Economic impacts would be concentrated on those industries that particularly employ undocumented workers, notably agriculture and food service. Interviews with nearly 400 Spanish-speaking Oregon residents, conducted in the Summer of 2009, indicate distress and uncertainty in the Latino community, fear of deportation arising from a traffic stop, a significant number of people driving without a license and adjustments within households that reduce access to employment, education, medical and social services, church attendance and recreation. The full range and magnitudes of impacts cannot be known with certainty until SB 1080 is fully implemented in 2016, and the economy has recovered – and may be mitigated by immigration reform at the Federal level. Close

• 9. [Article] A Forensic Analysis of Global Imbalances

  We examine whether the behavior of current account balances changed in the years preceding the global crisis of 2008-09, and assess the prospects for global imbalances in the post-crisis period. Changes ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: A Forensic Analysis of Global Imbalances Author: Chinn, Menzie David, Eichengreen, Barry, Ito, Hiro Year: 2011 We examine whether the behavior of current account balances changed in the years preceding the global crisis of 2008-09, and assess the prospects for global imbalances in the post-crisis period. Changes in the budget balance are an important factor affecting current account balances for deficit countries such as the U.S. and the U.K. The effect of the “saving glut variables” on current account balances has been relatively stable for emerging market countries, suggesting that those factors cannot explain the bulk of their recent current account movements. We also find the 2006-08 period to constitute a structural break for emerging market countries, and to a lesser extent, for industrialized countries. We attribute the anomalous behavior of pre-crisis current account balances to stock market performance and real housing appreciation; fiscal procyclicality and the stance of monetary policy do not matter as much. Household leverage also appears to explain some of the standard model’s prediction errors. Looking forward, U.S., fiscal consolidation alone cannot induce significant deficit reduction. For China, financial development might help shrink its current account surplus, but only when it is coupled with financial liberalization. These findings suggest that unless countries implement substantially more policy change, global imbalances are unlikely to disappear. Title: A Forensic Analysis of Global Imbalances Author: Chinn, Menzie David, Eichengreen, Barry, Ito, Hiro Year: 2011 We examine whether the behavior of current account balances changed in the years preceding the global crisis of 2008-09, and assess the prospects for global imbalances in the post-crisis period. Changes in the budget balance are an important factor affecting current account balances for deficit countries such as the U.S. and the U.K. The effect of the “saving glut variables” on current account balances has been relatively stable for emerging market countries, suggesting that those factors cannot explain the bulk of their recent current account movements. We also find the 2006-08 period to constitute a structural break for emerging market countries, and to a lesser extent, for industrialized countries. We attribute the anomalous behavior of pre-crisis current account balances to stock market performance and real housing appreciation; fiscal procyclicality and the stance of monetary policy do not matter as much. Household leverage also appears to explain some of the standard model’s prediction errors. Looking forward, U.S., fiscal consolidation alone cannot induce significant deficit reduction. For China, financial development might help shrink its current account surplus, but only when it is coupled with financial liberalization. These findings suggest that unless countries implement substantially more policy change, global imbalances are unlikely to disappear. Close

• 10. [Article] Three essays on Mexican migration to the United States

  xiii, 97 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Three essays on Mexican migration to the United States Author: Haraguchi, Kelii H., 1980- Year: 2009, 2008 xiii, 97 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Title: Three essays on Mexican migration to the United States Author: Haraguchi, Kelii H., 1980- Year: 2009, 2008 xiii, 97 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. Close