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• 1. [Article] Fire exclusion effects on riparian forest dynamics in southwestern Oregon

  This is the authors' peer-reviewed final manuscript. The published version is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found here: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/#description

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Fire exclusion effects on riparian forest dynamics in southwestern Oregon Author: Shatford, Jeff P.A., Messier, Michael S., Hibbs, David E. This is the authors' peer-reviewed final manuscript. The published version is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found here: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/#description Title: Fire exclusion effects on riparian forest dynamics in southwestern Oregon Author: Shatford, Jeff P.A., Messier, Michael S., Hibbs, David E. This is the authors' peer-reviewed final manuscript. The published version is copyrighted by Elsevier and can be found here: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/forest-ecology-and-management/#description Close

• 2. [Article] CEO 1 ; An Illustrated Guide to Fire in Central Oregon Forests

  This pictorial guide is primarily intended to serve as a backdrop for field tours of central Oregon that involve topics surrounding wildland fire. It also is designed to provide an overview of the role ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: CEO 1 ; An Illustrated Guide to Fire in Central Oregon Forests Author: Tappeiner, J. C. (John C.), Eckert, Bradley E., Walstad, John D., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory This pictorial guide is primarily intended to serve as a backdrop for field tours of central Oregon that involve topics surrounding wildland fire. It also is designed to provide an overview of the role of fire in the major ecosystems characteristic of this region. Topics covered include fire history, fire regimes, current fire conditions, fire behavior, fire threats to natural resources, fuel treatments, interactions with the public, and future challenges and management options. A list of key references and glossary are also included. Title: CEO 1 ; An Illustrated Guide to Fire in Central Oregon Forests Author: Tappeiner, J. C. (John C.), Eckert, Bradley E., Walstad, John D., Oregon State University. Forest Research Laboratory This pictorial guide is primarily intended to serve as a backdrop for field tours of central Oregon that involve topics surrounding wildland fire. It also is designed to provide an overview of the role of fire in the major ecosystems characteristic of this region. Topics covered include fire history, fire regimes, current fire conditions, fire behavior, fire threats to natural resources, fuel treatments, interactions with the public, and future challenges and management options. A list of key references and glossary are also included. Close

• 3. [Article] Forest Soils and Topography : Decoding the Influence of Physical Site Characteristics on Soil Water and Forest Productivity in Oregon's Coast Ranges

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forest Soils and Topography : Decoding the Influence of Physical Site Characteristics on Soil Water and Forest Productivity in Oregon's Coast Ranges Author: Rodman, Henry Title: Forest Soils and Topography : Decoding the Influence of Physical Site Characteristics on Soil Water and Forest Productivity in Oregon's Coast Ranges Author: Rodman, Henry Close

• 4. [Article] Forest Successional and Disturbance Dynamics in the Southern Blue Mountains of Eastern Oregon

  The application of modern land management practices beginning at the turn of the 20th century is widely believed to have dramatically transformed forest landscapes of the inland Pacific Northwest. Restoring ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Forest Successional and Disturbance Dynamics in the Southern Blue Mountains of Eastern Oregon Author: Johnston, James D. (James Daniel) The application of modern land management practices beginning at the turn of the 20th century is widely believed to have dramatically transformed forest landscapes of the inland Pacific Northwest. Restoring historical conditions to make forests resilient to future climate and disturbance regimes is a major goal of federal forest managers. However, information about historical relationships between forest structure, forest composition, topography, climate, and disturbance sufficient to parameterize managers' decision-making is often lacking. This study uses dendroecological methods to reconstruct historical (1650-1900 CE) forest structure, composition, and fire disturbance, and to describe change over time across a wide range of forest types in the southern Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon. Results indicate that both fire frequency and climate controls on fire occurrence were similar across a broad range of forest types. Southern Blue Mountains forests are markedly different with respect to inherent site productivity and species composition, but frequent fire tended to equalize stand densities across the landscape prior to the exclusion of fire in the late 1800s. In the absence of fire, more productive mixed conifer sites have generally experienced the same or greater successional change as drier pine dominated sites. If restoring historical conditions is a goal, treatments appropriate to restore dry ponderosa pine forests are also appropriate for moister mixed conifer forest types. Title: Forest Successional and Disturbance Dynamics in the Southern Blue Mountains of Eastern Oregon Author: Johnston, James D. (James Daniel) The application of modern land management practices beginning at the turn of the 20th century is widely believed to have dramatically transformed forest landscapes of the inland Pacific Northwest. Restoring historical conditions to make forests resilient to future climate and disturbance regimes is a major goal of federal forest managers. However, information about historical relationships between forest structure, forest composition, topography, climate, and disturbance sufficient to parameterize managers' decision-making is often lacking. This study uses dendroecological methods to reconstruct historical (1650-1900 CE) forest structure, composition, and fire disturbance, and to describe change over time across a wide range of forest types in the southern Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon. Results indicate that both fire frequency and climate controls on fire occurrence were similar across a broad range of forest types. Southern Blue Mountains forests are markedly different with respect to inherent site productivity and species composition, but frequent fire tended to equalize stand densities across the landscape prior to the exclusion of fire in the late 1800s. In the absence of fire, more productive mixed conifer sites have generally experienced the same or greater successional change as drier pine dominated sites. If restoring historical conditions is a goal, treatments appropriate to restore dry ponderosa pine forests are also appropriate for moister mixed conifer forest types. Close

• 5. [Article] Disturbance and dynamics of riparian forests in southwestern Oregon

  Fire exclusion has been associated with structural and compositional changes in many upland forests of the western United States, but little is known about the impacts on riparian forests, portions of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Disturbance and dynamics of riparian forests in southwestern Oregon Author: Messier, Michael S. Fire exclusion has been associated with structural and compositional changes in many upland forests of the western United States, but little is known about the impacts on riparian forests, portions of the landscape protected for habitat and water quality. For this study, I characterized the historic disturbance and tree recruitment processes of riparian forests in southwestern Oregon. I identified the ways in which riparian forest structure and composition have changed over the past 100 to 150 years, with a particular focus on the effects of fire exclusion. I used dendro-ecological methods to analyze tree ring data collected in riparian forest stands of two vegetation types in the Rogue River basin of southwestern Oregon: the mesic 'Mixed Conifer' zone (Pinus-Pseudotsuga-Calocedrus-Abies) and the more xeric 'Interior Valley' zone (Pinus-Quercus-Pseudotsuga). My results suggest riparian forests in both vegetation zones developed with frequent disturbance by fire and that, since fire has been excluded, these forests have entered a new successional trajectory. In the Mixed Conifer zone, tree recruitment in the pre-settlement period appears to have been driven by the interaction between climatic fluctuations and mixed-severity fires, which historically maintained multi-aged stands of shade-intolerant species. Patches of highseverity fire within the mixed-severity matrix created large canopy gaps (>30 m in diameter) in which new cohorts of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) could establish within existing stands and perpetuate Douglas-fir overstory dominance. Tree recruitment appears to have been closely linked Since fire exclusion became effective, there has been an increase in tree density and a shift toward the establishment of white fir (Abies concolor), a fire-sensitive, shade-tolerant species. In the Interior Valley zone, riparian forests were most likely shaped by a low-severity fire regime. Frequent fires likely killed most tree seedlings and maintained open savannas or woodlands with shade-intolerant hardwoods and scattered, open-grown conifers. Fire exclusion in the Interior Valley zone has resulted in exceptionally high survival rates in Douglas-fir recruited during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This led to the establishment of a closed-canopy conifer forest with fewer shade-intolerant hardwoods, which are an important source of food and habitat for wildlife. My findings suggest future management guidelines for riparian forests in fire-prone forests of the Pacific Northwest should consider the substantial and potentially undesirable ecological effects of the current hands-off management policy in riparian forests. Future proposals to attempt restoration of pre-settlement forest structure and composition in upland forests should also consider including restoration treatments within adjoining riparian forests. Title: Disturbance and dynamics of riparian forests in southwestern Oregon Author: Messier, Michael S. Fire exclusion has been associated with structural and compositional changes in many upland forests of the western United States, but little is known about the impacts on riparian forests, portions of the landscape protected for habitat and water quality. For this study, I characterized the historic disturbance and tree recruitment processes of riparian forests in southwestern Oregon. I identified the ways in which riparian forest structure and composition have changed over the past 100 to 150 years, with a particular focus on the effects of fire exclusion. I used dendro-ecological methods to analyze tree ring data collected in riparian forest stands of two vegetation types in the Rogue River basin of southwestern Oregon: the mesic 'Mixed Conifer' zone (Pinus-Pseudotsuga-Calocedrus-Abies) and the more xeric 'Interior Valley' zone (Pinus-Quercus-Pseudotsuga). My results suggest riparian forests in both vegetation zones developed with frequent disturbance by fire and that, since fire has been excluded, these forests have entered a new successional trajectory. In the Mixed Conifer zone, tree recruitment in the pre-settlement period appears to have been driven by the interaction between climatic fluctuations and mixed-severity fires, which historically maintained multi-aged stands of shade-intolerant species. Patches of highseverity fire within the mixed-severity matrix created large canopy gaps (>30 m in diameter) in which new cohorts of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) could establish within existing stands and perpetuate Douglas-fir overstory dominance. Tree recruitment appears to have been closely linked Since fire exclusion became effective, there has been an increase in tree density and a shift toward the establishment of white fir (Abies concolor), a fire-sensitive, shade-tolerant species. In the Interior Valley zone, riparian forests were most likely shaped by a low-severity fire regime. Frequent fires likely killed most tree seedlings and maintained open savannas or woodlands with shade-intolerant hardwoods and scattered, open-grown conifers. Fire exclusion in the Interior Valley zone has resulted in exceptionally high survival rates in Douglas-fir recruited during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This led to the establishment of a closed-canopy conifer forest with fewer shade-intolerant hardwoods, which are an important source of food and habitat for wildlife. My findings suggest future management guidelines for riparian forests in fire-prone forests of the Pacific Northwest should consider the substantial and potentially undesirable ecological effects of the current hands-off management policy in riparian forests. Future proposals to attempt restoration of pre-settlement forest structure and composition in upland forests should also consider including restoration treatments within adjoining riparian forests. Close

• 6. [Article] Inter-relationships of vegetation, hydrology and micro-climate in a young, Douglas-fir forest

  The links between forests, streamflow, and climate are poorly understood. Despite hundreds of studies over the past 60 years, fundamental questions of forests' effects on the hydrologic cycle remain unanswered. ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Inter-relationships of vegetation, hydrology and micro-climate in a young, Douglas-fir forest Author: Barnard, Holly Rene The links between forests, streamflow, and climate are poorly understood. Despite hundreds of studies over the past 60 years, fundamental questions of forests' effects on the hydrologic cycle remain unanswered. The hydrological cycle involves mutually-dependent biological and physical processes that operate at multiple scales of time and space, and this principle is the foundation for research in ecohydrology. The objective of this research was to determine how vegetation processes (especially transpiration) affect subsurface water flow dynamics in hillslopes, and conversely how soil moisture and environmental variables affect vegetation function. This dissertation used multiple approaches to mechanistically assess the inter-relationships between vegetation water use, hydrology, and climate. I found that transpiration on hillslopes played an important role in diel variation in subsurface discharge in headwater catchment. However, the amount of influence transpiration had on discharge was strongly dependent upon soil moisture properties. In addition, plot-scale transpiration across a steep topographic gradient could not be predicted from measured variations in environmental variables alone. Heterogeneity in biophysical drivers, edaphic properties and whole tree conductance controlled plot scale transpiration. Last, I applied a dual isotope (¹³C and ¹⁸O) approach to infer physiological response of trees to changing environmental conditions. I found that stable isotopes of oxygen were directly related to stomatal conductance and inversely related to relative humidity; however, the relationship with relative humidity more apparent. The correlation of stable isotopes in tree rings with environmental variables can be particularly useful for assessing the impacts of environmental change on vegetation over short time series. Results demonstrated that the physiological interpretation of stable isotope in tree rings continues to be challenging in uncontrolled environments. This work represents one step forward in elucidating the linkages between vegetation processes, hydrology, and climate. Title: Inter-relationships of vegetation, hydrology and micro-climate in a young, Douglas-fir forest Author: Barnard, Holly Rene The links between forests, streamflow, and climate are poorly understood. Despite hundreds of studies over the past 60 years, fundamental questions of forests' effects on the hydrologic cycle remain unanswered. The hydrological cycle involves mutually-dependent biological and physical processes that operate at multiple scales of time and space, and this principle is the foundation for research in ecohydrology. The objective of this research was to determine how vegetation processes (especially transpiration) affect subsurface water flow dynamics in hillslopes, and conversely how soil moisture and environmental variables affect vegetation function. This dissertation used multiple approaches to mechanistically assess the inter-relationships between vegetation water use, hydrology, and climate. I found that transpiration on hillslopes played an important role in diel variation in subsurface discharge in headwater catchment. However, the amount of influence transpiration had on discharge was strongly dependent upon soil moisture properties. In addition, plot-scale transpiration across a steep topographic gradient could not be predicted from measured variations in environmental variables alone. Heterogeneity in biophysical drivers, edaphic properties and whole tree conductance controlled plot scale transpiration. Last, I applied a dual isotope (¹³C and ¹⁸O) approach to infer physiological response of trees to changing environmental conditions. I found that stable isotopes of oxygen were directly related to stomatal conductance and inversely related to relative humidity; however, the relationship with relative humidity more apparent. The correlation of stable isotopes in tree rings with environmental variables can be particularly useful for assessing the impacts of environmental change on vegetation over short time series. Results demonstrated that the physiological interpretation of stable isotope in tree rings continues to be challenging in uncontrolled environments. This work represents one step forward in elucidating the linkages between vegetation processes, hydrology, and climate. Close

• 7. [Article] Using Remote Sensing and Process-based Growth Modeling to Predict Forest Productivity Across Western Oregon

  Accurate measurement of forest productivity is fundamental to understand the carbon balance of forested ecosystems. Recent changes in climate highlight the importance of developing methods to measure ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Using Remote Sensing and Process-based Growth Modeling to Predict Forest Productivity Across Western Oregon Author: McAdam, Erick Accurate measurement of forest productivity is fundamental to understand the carbon balance of forested ecosystems. Recent changes in climate highlight the importance of developing methods to measure forest productivity so that sound economic and environmental decision can be made. Efforts to measure forest productivity across the landscape using remote sensing suffer from limitations inherent in individual sensors. We combine approaches to estimate forest productivity on Douglas-fir plantations using optical passive remote sensing to estimate stand ages, single-pass LiDAR sampling to estimate structural properties, and a process-based growth model (3PG) to assess variation in soil properties across western Oregon. Our results indicate that it is possible to estimate both site index and difficult-to-obtain soil properties across the landscape using two types of remote sensing instruments in combination with modeling. While we believe that the approach is sound, we found that the quality of extrapolated climatic data very much affects the derived values of soil properties assessed by modeling. In contrast, estimates of maximum leaf area index with LiDAR proved a reliable independent means to assess site productivity because plantations reach maximum values in less than two decades after establishment. Title: Using Remote Sensing and Process-based Growth Modeling to Predict Forest Productivity Across Western Oregon Author: McAdam, Erick Accurate measurement of forest productivity is fundamental to understand the carbon balance of forested ecosystems. Recent changes in climate highlight the importance of developing methods to measure forest productivity so that sound economic and environmental decision can be made. Efforts to measure forest productivity across the landscape using remote sensing suffer from limitations inherent in individual sensors. We combine approaches to estimate forest productivity on Douglas-fir plantations using optical passive remote sensing to estimate stand ages, single-pass LiDAR sampling to estimate structural properties, and a process-based growth model (3PG) to assess variation in soil properties across western Oregon. Our results indicate that it is possible to estimate both site index and difficult-to-obtain soil properties across the landscape using two types of remote sensing instruments in combination with modeling. While we believe that the approach is sound, we found that the quality of extrapolated climatic data very much affects the derived values of soil properties assessed by modeling. In contrast, estimates of maximum leaf area index with LiDAR proved a reliable independent means to assess site productivity because plantations reach maximum values in less than two decades after establishment. Close

• 8. [Article] Response of Soil Temperature, Moisture, and Respiration Two Years Following Intensive Organic Matter and Compaction Manipulations in Oregon Cascade Forests

  Forest soils contain a substantial portion of global terrestrial carbon stores. Forest management can influence the soil carbon pool and how soil organic matter functions. The long-term productivity of ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Response of Soil Temperature, Moisture, and Respiration Two Years Following Intensive Organic Matter and Compaction Manipulations in Oregon Cascade Forests Author: Gallo, Adrian Carlos Forest soils contain a substantial portion of global terrestrial carbon stores. Forest management can influence the soil carbon pool and how soil organic matter functions. The long-term productivity of forests is an ongoing goal where land managers utilize biomass and timber. A site-specific understanding of intensively managed forests can ensure achievements of this goal. Within a managed forest in the western Oregon Cascades, treatments were installed to harvest three levels of biomass, with and without compaction, to monitor impacts to growing season characteristics of Douglas-fir roots. Soil temperature and moisture conditions were continuously monitored from 10 to 100cm depth, and three sources of soil respiration were measured monthly for two years immediately following treatments. Negligible differences in the length of growing season were detected, however the daily-10cm average, maximum, and diel flux of soil temperatures significantly increased by 1.5, 2.7, and 2.5°C, respectively, with increasing biomass harvesting. Organic matter removal strongly influenced growing season soil characteristics down to a 100cm depth. Diel temperature flux at 100cm for the least and most impacted treatments were 5.7 and 7.8°C, respectively, a magnitude equivalent to seasonal shifts in soil temperature at the same depth. In spite of favorable temperature and moisture conditions with less organic matter left on the surface, soil respiration was moderately higher on bole only harvests. A priming effect may explain why these sites with more surface biomass, although significantly cooler, had the highest rates of soil respiration. The combination of increased temperatures throughout the soil profile after forest harvesting, and higher additions of dissolved organic matter from forest residuals, could have an impact on deep soil carbon. These responses have implications for long-term nutrient cycling that have yet to be elucidated for deeper soils; but this should be considered when land managers are planning forest fertilization and rotation lengths. Title: Response of Soil Temperature, Moisture, and Respiration Two Years Following Intensive Organic Matter and Compaction Manipulations in Oregon Cascade Forests Author: Gallo, Adrian Carlos Forest soils contain a substantial portion of global terrestrial carbon stores. Forest management can influence the soil carbon pool and how soil organic matter functions. The long-term productivity of forests is an ongoing goal where land managers utilize biomass and timber. A site-specific understanding of intensively managed forests can ensure achievements of this goal. Within a managed forest in the western Oregon Cascades, treatments were installed to harvest three levels of biomass, with and without compaction, to monitor impacts to growing season characteristics of Douglas-fir roots. Soil temperature and moisture conditions were continuously monitored from 10 to 100cm depth, and three sources of soil respiration were measured monthly for two years immediately following treatments. Negligible differences in the length of growing season were detected, however the daily-10cm average, maximum, and diel flux of soil temperatures significantly increased by 1.5, 2.7, and 2.5°C, respectively, with increasing biomass harvesting. Organic matter removal strongly influenced growing season soil characteristics down to a 100cm depth. Diel temperature flux at 100cm for the least and most impacted treatments were 5.7 and 7.8°C, respectively, a magnitude equivalent to seasonal shifts in soil temperature at the same depth. In spite of favorable temperature and moisture conditions with less organic matter left on the surface, soil respiration was moderately higher on bole only harvests. A priming effect may explain why these sites with more surface biomass, although significantly cooler, had the highest rates of soil respiration. The combination of increased temperatures throughout the soil profile after forest harvesting, and higher additions of dissolved organic matter from forest residuals, could have an impact on deep soil carbon. These responses have implications for long-term nutrient cycling that have yet to be elucidated for deeper soils; but this should be considered when land managers are planning forest fertilization and rotation lengths. Close

• 9. [Article] Exploration of statistical methods for synthesizing the effects of variable-retention harvesting on multiple taxa

  Variable-retention harvesting was proposed to reduce loss of biodiversity and ecosystem processes associated with late-seral Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests in the Pacific Northwest. The Demonstration ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Exploration of statistical methods for synthesizing the effects of variable-retention harvesting on multiple taxa Author: Lam, Tzeng Yih Variable-retention harvesting was proposed to reduce loss of biodiversity and ecosystem processes associated with late-seral Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests in the Pacific Northwest. The Demonstration of Ecosystem Management Options experiment was established to test this hypothesis. Analysis presents various challenges to drawing statistical inferences about treatment effects. This dissertation explored novel statistical methods for understanding the response of multiple forest taxa to variable-retention harvesting. Excessive zero counts are common among terrestrial small mammal species that are captured infrequently. Zero-inflated and hurdle models are appealing tools for analyzing these data. A simulation was performed to understand the properties and robustness of these models. When true mean abundance was low, the estimated parameters from these models were highly unstable. Goodness of fit criteria could not discern among the processes generating the data. The Poisson and negative binomial Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) were fitted to four small mammal species with different rates of capture. Predictors included several variables representing vegetation structure. These models and overdispersed Poisson were then specified as Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) to account for nesting and blocking in the experimental design. The fitted GLMs indicated that predictors were not consistent among models for the infrequently captured species. Differences in estimated coefficients between GLMs and GLMMs were noticeable. The overdispersed Poisson GLMM was suggested to be most suitable. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is suitable for modeling interactions of many cause-and-effect relationships in forest ecosystems. SEM was applied to understand overstory-understory relationships of late-seral herb species under mature forest conditions and immediately after variable-retention harvesting. In undisturbed forests, light attenuation, belowground competition and stand age were the primary drivers of late-seral herb cover. After variable-retention harvesting, microclimatic stresses were inferred to primarily affect late-seral species diversity and composition. Logging debris had little discernible effect on the change in the late-seral herb community. The explored statistical models complement conventional methods for studying the effects of variable-retention harvesting. These models address distributional issues of response data and provide further insight into the complex processes driving managed forest ecosystems. Future analyses should apply a suite of statistical models to gain different perspectives. Title: Exploration of statistical methods for synthesizing the effects of variable-retention harvesting on multiple taxa Author: Lam, Tzeng Yih Variable-retention harvesting was proposed to reduce loss of biodiversity and ecosystem processes associated with late-seral Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) forests in the Pacific Northwest. The Demonstration of Ecosystem Management Options experiment was established to test this hypothesis. Analysis presents various challenges to drawing statistical inferences about treatment effects. This dissertation explored novel statistical methods for understanding the response of multiple forest taxa to variable-retention harvesting. Excessive zero counts are common among terrestrial small mammal species that are captured infrequently. Zero-inflated and hurdle models are appealing tools for analyzing these data. A simulation was performed to understand the properties and robustness of these models. When true mean abundance was low, the estimated parameters from these models were highly unstable. Goodness of fit criteria could not discern among the processes generating the data. The Poisson and negative binomial Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) were fitted to four small mammal species with different rates of capture. Predictors included several variables representing vegetation structure. These models and overdispersed Poisson were then specified as Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs) to account for nesting and blocking in the experimental design. The fitted GLMs indicated that predictors were not consistent among models for the infrequently captured species. Differences in estimated coefficients between GLMs and GLMMs were noticeable. The overdispersed Poisson GLMM was suggested to be most suitable. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is suitable for modeling interactions of many cause-and-effect relationships in forest ecosystems. SEM was applied to understand overstory-understory relationships of late-seral herb species under mature forest conditions and immediately after variable-retention harvesting. In undisturbed forests, light attenuation, belowground competition and stand age were the primary drivers of late-seral herb cover. After variable-retention harvesting, microclimatic stresses were inferred to primarily affect late-seral species diversity and composition. Logging debris had little discernible effect on the change in the late-seral herb community. The explored statistical models complement conventional methods for studying the effects of variable-retention harvesting. These models address distributional issues of response data and provide further insight into the complex processes driving managed forest ecosystems. Future analyses should apply a suite of statistical models to gain different perspectives. Close

• 10. [Article] Riparian litter inputs to streams in the central Oregon Coast Range

  To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by The Society ...

  Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Riparian litter inputs to streams in the central Oregon Coast Range Author: Hart, Stephanie K., Hibbs, David E., Perakis, Steven S. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by The Society for Freshwater Science and can be found at: http://www.freshwater-science.org/. Title: Riparian litter inputs to streams in the central Oregon Coast Range Author: Hart, Stephanie K., Hibbs, David E., Perakis, Steven S. To the best of our knowledge, one or more authors of this paper were federal employees when contributing to this work. This is the publisher’s final pdf. The published article is copyrighted by The Society for Freshwater Science and can be found at: http://www.freshwater-science.org/. Close