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• 61. [Image] Drilling, Completion, and Testing of Geothermal Wells CD-1 and CD-2 Caliente, Nevada

  	The City of Caliente's interest in geothermal energy has grown from a perfunctory acknowledgement of the resources existence in the City's boundaries to a resounding affirmation of the City's need to utilize ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Drilling, Completion, and Testing of Geothermal Wells CD-1 and CD-2 Caliente, Nevada Author: Flynn, T. Year: 1983 The City of Caliente's interest in geothermal energy has grown from a perfunctory acknowledgement of the resources existence in the City's boundaries to a resounding affirmation of the City's need to utilize the resource to its fullest potential. This ongoing metamorphosis of thought and opinion is largely due to the contributions of people and events in harmony with this beneficial natural resource Title: Drilling, Completion, and Testing of Geothermal Wells CD-1 and CD-2 Caliente, Nevada Author: Flynn, T. Year: 1983 The City of Caliente's interest in geothermal energy has grown from a perfunctory acknowledgement of the resources existence in the City's boundaries to a resounding affirmation of the City's need to utilize the resource to its fullest potential. This ongoing metamorphosis of thought and opinion is largely due to the contributions of people and events in harmony with this beneficial natural resource Close

• 62. [Image] Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy

  	In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy Author: Bjelm, L. Year: 1983 In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, industrial waste water and lake water. In the southernmost part of Sweden projects are now under way where geothermal energy in combination with heat pumps will be used for production of district heat for this region. The size of the project is about 60 MW of heat Title: Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy Author: Bjelm, L. Year: 1983 In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, industrial waste water and lake water. In the southernmost part of Sweden projects are now under way where geothermal energy in combination with heat pumps will be used for production of district heat for this region. The size of the project is about 60 MW of heat Close

• 63. [Image] Heat Pump Economics

  	In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Heat Pump Economics Author: Higbee, C.V. Year: 1983 In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also been said repeatedly that extracting a maximum delta t improves the economics. With very low temperature (less than 100°F) geothermal fluids, it becomes necessary to install a heat pump for most space heating applications. Needless to say, the purchase of a heat pump drives capital costs up, annual operating costs up, and usually results in a very low delta t extraction from the resource. All these characteristics of heat pump applications tend to make such projects uneconomical. There are always exceptions. One of these exceptions occurs when electrical energy is the only energy alternative and the resource is warm enough to obtain a coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.0 or better Title: Heat Pump Economics Author: Higbee, C.V. Year: 1983 In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also been said repeatedly that extracting a maximum delta t improves the economics. With very low temperature (less than 100°F) geothermal fluids, it becomes necessary to install a heat pump for most space heating applications. Needless to say, the purchase of a heat pump drives capital costs up, annual operating costs up, and usually results in a very low delta t extraction from the resource. All these characteristics of heat pump applications tend to make such projects uneconomical. There are always exceptions. One of these exceptions occurs when electrical energy is the only energy alternative and the resource is warm enough to obtain a coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.0 or better Close

• 64. [Image] Geothermal Development in Klamath Falls, Oregon

  	Geothermal resource development in Klamath Falls increased dramatically with completion of Phase I of the city geothermal heating system in 1982. Phase I can supply 14 government office buildings and 127 ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Development in Klamath Falls, Oregon Author: Forcella, L. S. Year: 1984 Geothermal resource development in Klamath Falls increased dramatically with completion of Phase I of the city geothermal heating system in 1982. Phase I can supply 14 government office buildings and 127 homes in two low-income residential areas with heat and hot water. However, Phase I has not been used because of a lack of historical data regarding long-term sustainability of the resource. This lack of technical knowledge has resulted in conflicts over how to use the resource. This report describes both the cumulative scientific knowledge and the conflicts and groups involved, and offers a comprehensive view of geothermal development in Klamath Falls Title: Geothermal Development in Klamath Falls, Oregon Author: Forcella, L. S. Year: 1984 Geothermal resource development in Klamath Falls increased dramatically with completion of Phase I of the city geothermal heating system in 1982. Phase I can supply 14 government office buildings and 127 homes in two low-income residential areas with heat and hot water. However, Phase I has not been used because of a lack of historical data regarding long-term sustainability of the resource. This lack of technical knowledge has resulted in conflicts over how to use the resource. This report describes both the cumulative scientific knowledge and the conflicts and groups involved, and offers a comprehensive view of geothermal development in Klamath Falls Close

• 65. [Image] Strategic Plan for the Geothermal Energy Program

  	The mission of the Program is to work in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as a sustainable, environmentally sound, economically competitive contributor to the U.S. and world ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Strategic Plan for the Geothermal Energy Program Author: Office of Geothermal Technologies Year: 1998 The mission of the Program is to work in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as a sustainable, environmentally sound, economically competitive contributor to the U.S. and world energy supply. In executing its mission and achieving its long-term vision for geothermal energy, the Program has identified five strategic goals. To have electric power generation, to expand direct application uses of geothermal heat pumps, to be an international development, to accelerate in its science and technology and to have future geothermal resources Title: Strategic Plan for the Geothermal Energy Program Author: Office of Geothermal Technologies Year: 1998 The mission of the Program is to work in partnership with U.S. industry to establish geothermal energy as a sustainable, environmentally sound, economically competitive contributor to the U.S. and world energy supply. In executing its mission and achieving its long-term vision for geothermal energy, the Program has identified five strategic goals. To have electric power generation, to expand direct application uses of geothermal heat pumps, to be an international development, to accelerate in its science and technology and to have future geothermal resources Close

• 66. [Image] Feasibility of a Geothermal Heating System for Oakridge, Oregon

  	Geological and geophysical data indicate that Oakridge is underlain by geothermal waters. The strongest evidence is from the geothermal gradient, the increase of temperature with depth, in a 400' well ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Feasibility of a Geothermal Heating System for Oakridge, Oregon Author: Bowen, R.C. Year: 1979 Geological and geophysical data indicate that Oakridge is underlain by geothermal waters. The strongest evidence is from the geothermal gradient, the increase of temperature with depth, in a 400' well on the south edge of the City. Although this well shows signs of disturbance by ground water, the geothermal gradient appears to be similar to the gradient from a well near McCredie Hot Springs seven miles to the east. Additional evidence is a salt spring, just south of the City, that may represent a fossil geothermal system that has become sealed and is no longer flowing hot water. A third line of direct evidence is the presence of a warm spring about three miles southeast of the City that is now covered by Hills Creek Reservoir. Indirect geophysical evidence is a high gravity gradient from west to east near Oakridge. This gradient relates closely to the region of increasing geothermal gradient and heat flow of the Cascade Geothermal Anomaly. Indications of intersection of regional fault patterns could provide the subsurface fracturing and permeability necessary for a geothermal reservoir. The results of this study indicate that water sufficiently hot to be useful can be located by drilling to depths of three to four thousand feet at Oakridge. Three sites are proposed for shallow geothermal gradient holes to test the proposed model. Title: Feasibility of a Geothermal Heating System for Oakridge, Oregon Author: Bowen, R.C. Year: 1979 Geological and geophysical data indicate that Oakridge is underlain by geothermal waters. The strongest evidence is from the geothermal gradient, the increase of temperature with depth, in a 400' well on the south edge of the City. Although this well shows signs of disturbance by ground water, the geothermal gradient appears to be similar to the gradient from a well near McCredie Hot Springs seven miles to the east. Additional evidence is a salt spring, just south of the City, that may represent a fossil geothermal system that has become sealed and is no longer flowing hot water. A third line of direct evidence is the presence of a warm spring about three miles southeast of the City that is now covered by Hills Creek Reservoir. Indirect geophysical evidence is a high gravity gradient from west to east near Oakridge. This gradient relates closely to the region of increasing geothermal gradient and heat flow of the Cascade Geothermal Anomaly. Indications of intersection of regional fault patterns could provide the subsurface fracturing and permeability necessary for a geothermal reservoir. The results of this study indicate that water sufficiently hot to be useful can be located by drilling to depths of three to four thousand feet at Oakridge. Three sites are proposed for shallow geothermal gradient holes to test the proposed model. Close