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• 1. [Image] SEAOGRAM: Renewable Communities; Vol:3 No: 3

  	Conservation and renewable energy development can play a pivotal role in stimulating economic development for communities throughout the nation. Here in Oregon, there have been several successful examples ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: SEAOGRAM: Renewable Communities; Vol:3 No: 3 Author: Solar Energy Association of Oregon Year: 1984 Conservation and renewable energy development can play a pivotal role in stimulating economic development for communities throughout the nation. Here in Oregon, there have been several successful examples of community renewable energy efforts that serve as models for other areas that are beginning to explore these expanding opportunities. This issue of SEAOGRAM takes a look at such efforts in Ashland, Klamath Falls and Portland Title: SEAOGRAM: Renewable Communities; Vol:3 No: 3 Author: Solar Energy Association of Oregon Year: 1984 Conservation and renewable energy development can play a pivotal role in stimulating economic development for communities throughout the nation. Here in Oregon, there have been several successful examples of community renewable energy efforts that serve as models for other areas that are beginning to explore these expanding opportunities. This issue of SEAOGRAM takes a look at such efforts in Ashland, Klamath Falls and Portland Close

• 2. [Image] Preliminary Model Ordinance for Municipal Geothermal District Heating and Reservoir Management

  	A preliminary model of a municipal ordinance for geothermal district heating and reservoir management has been developed for the City of Klamath Falls, Oregon and the Oregon Department of Energy. The ordinance ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Preliminary Model Ordinance for Municipal Geothermal District Heating and Reservoir Management Author: Allen, E.M. Year: 1980 A preliminary model of a municipal ordinance for geothermal district heating and reservoir management has been developed for the City of Klamath Falls, Oregon and the Oregon Department of Energy. The ordinance contains provisions for: community geothermal development and utilization policies; a municipal geothermal district heating service; reservoir monitoring and management procedures and authorization for private geothermal heating services. The ordinance's "preliminary" nature is due to two pending legal issues on the state level: first, a revision of thermal ground water Administrative Rules is being prepared by the Oregon Water Resources Department; and second, the Oregon Governor and Legislature are considering an Alternate Energy Development Commission recommendation to develop a program whereby geothermal heating districts will be involved in the cooperative management of local thermal ground water reservoirs with the Oregon Water Resources Department. However, neither matter is expected to be finalized until 1981. Both geothermal fluids and ground water are cited jointly throughout the ordinance because of the legal definition of low to moderate temperature fluids as ground water, and the potential for the Klamath Falls community to encounter high temperature resources defined as geothermal fluids. Appendices in this report include the Oregon statutes cited in the model ordinance, and also draft geothermal overlay zoning for inclusion in the Klamath Falls Community Development Ordinance Title: Preliminary Model Ordinance for Municipal Geothermal District Heating and Reservoir Management Author: Allen, E.M. Year: 1980 A preliminary model of a municipal ordinance for geothermal district heating and reservoir management has been developed for the City of Klamath Falls, Oregon and the Oregon Department of Energy. The ordinance contains provisions for: community geothermal development and utilization policies; a municipal geothermal district heating service; reservoir monitoring and management procedures and authorization for private geothermal heating services. The ordinance's "preliminary" nature is due to two pending legal issues on the state level: first, a revision of thermal ground water Administrative Rules is being prepared by the Oregon Water Resources Department; and second, the Oregon Governor and Legislature are considering an Alternate Energy Development Commission recommendation to develop a program whereby geothermal heating districts will be involved in the cooperative management of local thermal ground water reservoirs with the Oregon Water Resources Department. However, neither matter is expected to be finalized until 1981. Both geothermal fluids and ground water are cited jointly throughout the ordinance because of the legal definition of low to moderate temperature fluids as ground water, and the potential for the Klamath Falls community to encounter high temperature resources defined as geothermal fluids. Appendices in this report include the Oregon statutes cited in the model ordinance, and also draft geothermal overlay zoning for inclusion in the Klamath Falls Community Development Ordinance Close

• 3. [Image] Conceptual Design Study of Geothermal District Heating of a Thirty House Subdivision in Elko, Nevada, using existing Water Distribution Systems; Phase III, Final Technical Report

  	This document represents the final Conceptual Design Report for a residential district heating system for a 30-home community in the city of Elko, Nevada, using a geothermal resource coupled with the existing ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Conceptual Design Study of Geothermal District Heating of a Thirty House Subdivision in Elko, Nevada, using existing Water Distribution Systems; Phase III, Final Technical Report Author: Clemson University Year: 1980 This document represents the final Conceptual Design Report for a residential district heating system for a 30-home community in the city of Elko, Nevada, using a geothermal resource coupled with the existing culinary water distribution system in the community. The work has been performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) according to a contract with Clemson University, Contract Number DEAS07- 78CS31744, Modification Number M003. Chilton Engineering acted as subcontractor to Clemson University Title: Conceptual Design Study of Geothermal District Heating of a Thirty House Subdivision in Elko, Nevada, using existing Water Distribution Systems; Phase III, Final Technical Report Author: Clemson University Year: 1980 This document represents the final Conceptual Design Report for a residential district heating system for a 30-home community in the city of Elko, Nevada, using a geothermal resource coupled with the existing culinary water distribution system in the community. The work has been performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE) according to a contract with Clemson University, Contract Number DEAS07- 78CS31744, Modification Number M003. Chilton Engineering acted as subcontractor to Clemson University Close

• 4. [Image] Geothermal Progress Monitor Report No. 11, December 1989

  	This issue of the Geothermal Progress Monitor (GPM) is the 11th since the inception of the publication in 1980. It continues to synthesize information on all aspects of geothermal development in this country ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Progress Monitor Report No. 11, December 1989 Author: Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Teahnology Division Year: 1989 This issue of the Geothermal Progress Monitor (GPM) is the 11th since the inception of the publication in 1980. It continues to synthesize information on all aspects of geothermal development in this country and abroad to permit identification and quantification of trends in the use of this energy technology. In addition, the GPM is a mechanism for transferring current information on geothermal technology development to the private sector, and, over time, provides a historical record for those interested in the development pathway of the resource. In sum, the Department of Energy makes the GPM available to the many diverse interests that make up the geothermal community for the multiple uses it may serve. This issue of the GPM points up very clearly how closely knit many of those diverse interests have become. It might well be called an international issue'' since many of its pages are devoted to news of geothermal development abroad, to the efforts of the US industry to participate in overseas development, to the support given those efforts by federal and state agencies, and to the formation of the International Geothermal Association (IGA). All of these events indicate that the geothermal community has become truly international in character, an occurrence that can only enhance the future of geothermal energy as a major source of energy supply worldwide. 15 figs. Title: Geothermal Progress Monitor Report No. 11, December 1989 Author: Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Renewable Energy, Geothermal Teahnology Division Year: 1989 This issue of the Geothermal Progress Monitor (GPM) is the 11th since the inception of the publication in 1980. It continues to synthesize information on all aspects of geothermal development in this country and abroad to permit identification and quantification of trends in the use of this energy technology. In addition, the GPM is a mechanism for transferring current information on geothermal technology development to the private sector, and, over time, provides a historical record for those interested in the development pathway of the resource. In sum, the Department of Energy makes the GPM available to the many diverse interests that make up the geothermal community for the multiple uses it may serve. This issue of the GPM points up very clearly how closely knit many of those diverse interests have become. It might well be called an international issue'' since many of its pages are devoted to news of geothermal development abroad, to the efforts of the US industry to participate in overseas development, to the support given those efforts by federal and state agencies, and to the formation of the International Geothermal Association (IGA). All of these events indicate that the geothermal community has become truly international in character, an occurrence that can only enhance the future of geothermal energy as a major source of energy supply worldwide. 15 figs. Close

• 5. [Image] Applications of Thermal Energy Storage To Process Heat and Waste Heat Recovery in the Primary Aluminum Industry - Final Report for the Period September 1977 - September 1978

  	In this preliminary study, a system has been identified by which the large amounts of lowgrade waste energy in the primary pollution control system gas :stream can be utilized for comfort heating in nearby ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Applications of Thermal Energy Storage To Process Heat and Waste Heat Recovery in the Primary Aluminum Industry - Final Report for the Period September 1977 - September 1978 Author: Hoskins, R.L. Year: 1978 In this preliminary study, a system has been identified by which the large amounts of lowgrade waste energy in the primary pollution control system gas :stream can be utilized for comfort heating in nearby communities. Energy is stored in the form of hot water, contained in conventional, insulated steel tanks, enabling a morel' efficient utilization of the constant energy source by the cyclical energy demand. Less expensive energy storage means (heated ponds, aquifers), when they become fully characterized, will allow even more cost-competitive systems. Extensive design tradeoff studies have been performed for the example site, Intalco Aluminum Corporation and the surrounding communities of Ferndale and Bellingham, Washington. These tradeoff studies indicate that a heating demand equivalent to 12,000 single-family residences can be supplied by the energy from the Intalco site. Using a .30-year payback criterion (consistent with utility planning practice), the average cost of energy supplied over the system useful life is predicted at one-third the average cost of fossil fuel Title: Applications of Thermal Energy Storage To Process Heat and Waste Heat Recovery in the Primary Aluminum Industry - Final Report for the Period September 1977 - September 1978 Author: Hoskins, R.L. Year: 1978 In this preliminary study, a system has been identified by which the large amounts of lowgrade waste energy in the primary pollution control system gas :stream can be utilized for comfort heating in nearby communities. Energy is stored in the form of hot water, contained in conventional, insulated steel tanks, enabling a morel' efficient utilization of the constant energy source by the cyclical energy demand. Less expensive energy storage means (heated ponds, aquifers), when they become fully characterized, will allow even more cost-competitive systems. Extensive design tradeoff studies have been performed for the example site, Intalco Aluminum Corporation and the surrounding communities of Ferndale and Bellingham, Washington. These tradeoff studies indicate that a heating demand equivalent to 12,000 single-family residences can be supplied by the energy from the Intalco site. Using a .30-year payback criterion (consistent with utility planning practice), the average cost of energy supplied over the system useful life is predicted at one-third the average cost of fossil fuel Close

• 6. [Image] Geothermal Potential in the Albuquerque Area, New Mexico

  	Access to the near-surface fresh water zone of this enormous unconfined ground-water aquifer is Albuquerque's greatest economic asset to accommodate growth. Utilizing the vast subsurface hot-water system ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Geothermal Potential in the Albuquerque Area, New Mexico Author: Grant, P.R. Jr. Year: 1982 Access to the near-surface fresh water zone of this enormous unconfined ground-water aquifer is Albuquerque's greatest economic asset to accommodate growth. Utilizing the vast subsurface hot-water system underlying the normal temperature, near-surface regime has the potential to make much of New Mexico's largest community independent of natural gas for its space-heating requirements Title: Geothermal Potential in the Albuquerque Area, New Mexico Author: Grant, P.R. Jr. Year: 1982 Access to the near-surface fresh water zone of this enormous unconfined ground-water aquifer is Albuquerque's greatest economic asset to accommodate growth. Utilizing the vast subsurface hot-water system underlying the normal temperature, near-surface regime has the potential to make much of New Mexico's largest community independent of natural gas for its space-heating requirements Close

• 7. [Image] Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy

  	In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy Author: Bjelm, L. Year: 1983 In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, industrial waste water and lake water. In the southernmost part of Sweden projects are now under way where geothermal energy in combination with heat pumps will be used for production of district heat for this region. The size of the project is about 60 MW of heat Title: Large Heat Pump Plants for District Heating Utilizing Geothermal Energy Author: Bjelm, L. Year: 1983 In Sweden large heat pumps in the 10 MW range have been in operation in district heating networks for more than a year. These heat pumps utilize low energy sources like treated sewage water from communities, industrial waste water and lake water. In the southernmost part of Sweden projects are now under way where geothermal energy in combination with heat pumps will be used for production of district heat for this region. The size of the project is about 60 MW of heat Close

• 8. [Image] Heat Pump Economics

  	In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Heat Pump Economics Author: Higbee, C.V. Year: 1983 In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also been said repeatedly that extracting a maximum delta t improves the economics. With very low temperature (less than 100°F) geothermal fluids, it becomes necessary to install a heat pump for most space heating applications. Needless to say, the purchase of a heat pump drives capital costs up, annual operating costs up, and usually results in a very low delta t extraction from the resource. All these characteristics of heat pump applications tend to make such projects uneconomical. There are always exceptions. One of these exceptions occurs when electrical energy is the only energy alternative and the resource is warm enough to obtain a coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.0 or better Title: Heat Pump Economics Author: Higbee, C.V. Year: 1983 In performing a life cycle cost analysis for direct use geothermal applications it has been said many times that keeping capital investment to a minimum improves the economics of the project. It has also been said repeatedly that extracting a maximum delta t improves the economics. With very low temperature (less than 100°F) geothermal fluids, it becomes necessary to install a heat pump for most space heating applications. Needless to say, the purchase of a heat pump drives capital costs up, annual operating costs up, and usually results in a very low delta t extraction from the resource. All these characteristics of heat pump applications tend to make such projects uneconomical. There are always exceptions. One of these exceptions occurs when electrical energy is the only energy alternative and the resource is warm enough to obtain a coefficient of performance (COP) of 3.0 or better Close

• 9. [Image] Co-Sponsored Second Quarter Progress Review Conference on District Heating

  	District Heating began conserving energy over a century ago when steam was first offered for sale. Suppliers delivered either steam or hot water through pipes directly to customers from a central plant. ...
  	Citation × Citation Citation Abstract Copy Title: Co-Sponsored Second Quarter Progress Review Conference on District Heating Author: US Department of Energy Year: 1980 District Heating began conserving energy over a century ago when steam was first offered for sale. Suppliers delivered either steam or hot water through pipes directly to customers from a central plant. An important development in district heating was the use of exhaust energy from electrical generating plants. This practice declined in the United States when cheap fossil fuels reduced the incentive to conserve. Some large city utilities such as Consolidated Edison of New York and Detroit Edison continues selling steam mainly to commercial customers. After World War II, district heating expanded substantially in Europe. Today in the U.S., the past is catching up with the present as energy shortages and costs make district heating an important option for conservation Title: Co-Sponsored Second Quarter Progress Review Conference on District Heating Author: US Department of Energy Year: 1980 District Heating began conserving energy over a century ago when steam was first offered for sale. Suppliers delivered either steam or hot water through pipes directly to customers from a central plant. An important development in district heating was the use of exhaust energy from electrical generating plants. This practice declined in the United States when cheap fossil fuels reduced the incentive to conserve. Some large city utilities such as Consolidated Edison of New York and Detroit Edison continues selling steam mainly to commercial customers. After World War II, district heating expanded substantially in Europe. Today in the U.S., the past is catching up with the present as energy shortages and costs make district heating an important option for conservation Close